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Aberratie (optica) - Wikipedia

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Beschikbaar in 43 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%BA_(%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="زيغ (بصريات) – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زيغ (بصريات)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberrasiya_(optika)" title="Aberrasiya (optika) – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aberrasiya (optika)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Аберацыя аптычнай сістэмы – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аберацыя аптычнай сістэмы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Аберация (оптика) – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аберация (оптика)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="আলোকাপেরণ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলোকাপেরণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="གཡོ་འཁྲུལ། – Tibetaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གཡོ་འཁྲུལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberraci%C3%B3_(%C3%B2ptica)" title="Aberració (òptica) – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aberració (òptica)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optick%C3%A1_chyba" title="Optická chyba – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Optická chyba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbildungsfehler" title="Abbildungsfehler – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abbildungsfehler" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Σφάλματα φακών – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σφάλματα φακών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_aberration" title="Optical aberration – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Optical aberration" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberacio_(optiko)" title="Aberacio (optiko) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aberacio (optiko)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberraci%C3%B3n_en_sistemas_%C3%B3pticos" title="Aberración en sistemas ópticos – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aberración en sistemas ópticos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberratsioon_(optika)" title="Aberratsioon (optika) – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aberratsioon (optika)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ابیراهی نوری – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابیراهی نوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberration_(optique)" title="Aberration (optique) – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aberration (optique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iomrall_opt%C3%BAil" title="Iomrall optúil – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iomrall optúil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אברציה אופטית – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אברציה אופטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opti%C4%8Dka_aberacija" title="Optička aberacija – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Optička aberacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optikai_lencs%C3%A9k_lek%C3%A9pz%C3%A9si_hib%C3%A1i" title="Optikai lencsék leképzési hibái – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Optikai lencsék leképzési hibái" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Օպտիկական համակարգերի թերություններ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օպտիկական համակարգերի թերություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberasi_optik" title="Aberasi optik – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aberasi optik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberrazione_(ottica)" title="Aberrazione (ottica) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aberrazione (ottica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8E%E5%B7%AE" title="収差 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="収差" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90)" title="აბერაცია (ოპტიკა) – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბერაცია (ოპტიკა)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99_%EC%88%98%EC%B0%A8" title="광학 수차 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="광학 수차" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberacija_(optika)" title="Aberacija (optika) – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aberacija (optika)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberrasjon_i_optikk" title="Aberrasjon i optikk – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aberrasjon i optikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberrasjon_(optikk)" title="Aberrasjon (optikk) – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aberrasjon (optikk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberracja_optyczna" title="Aberracja optyczna – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aberracja optyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%C3%B3ptica" title="Aberração óptica – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aberração óptica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Аберрация оптической системы – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аберрация оптической системы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optick%C3%A1_chyba" title="Optická chyba – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Optická chyba" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opti%C4%8Dna_napaka" title="Optična napaka – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Optična napaka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Оптичка аберација – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Оптичка аберација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberration_(optik)" title="Aberration (optik) – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aberration (optik)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Аберратсияи системаҳои оптикӣ – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Аберратсияи системаҳои оптикӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ความคลาดทางทัศนศาสตร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความคลาดทางทัศนศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik_sap%C4%B1n%C3%A7" title="Optik sapınç – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Optik sapınç" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Аберації оптичних систем – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аберації оптичних систем" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quang_sai_(quang_h%E1%BB%8Dc)" title="Quang sai (quang học) – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quang sai (quang học)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E5%B7%AE" title="像差 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="像差" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Chromatic_aberration_3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Chromatic_aberration_3.svg/260px-Chromatic_aberration_3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Chromatic_aberration_3.svg/390px-Chromatic_aberration_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Chromatic_aberration_3.svg/520px-Chromatic_aberration_3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2244" data-file-height="1181" /></a><figcaption><b>Chromatische aberratie</b>: elke kleur heeft zijn eigen brandpuntsafstand.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Spherical_aberration_3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Spherical_aberration_3.svg/260px-Spherical_aberration_3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Spherical_aberration_3.svg/390px-Spherical_aberration_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Spherical_aberration_3.svg/520px-Spherical_aberration_3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="243" /></a><figcaption><b>Sferische aberratie</b>: Brandpuntsafstand hangt af van afstand tussen de invallende straal en de optische as.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Meridional%2BSagittalPlane.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Meridional%2BSagittalPlane.png/260px-Meridional%2BSagittalPlane.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Meridional%2BSagittalPlane.png/390px-Meridional%2BSagittalPlane.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Meridional%2BSagittalPlane.png/520px-Meridional%2BSagittalPlane.png 2x" data-file-width="1568" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption><b>Astigmatisme</b>: Stralen in een vlak door de optische as hebben een andere brandpuntsafstand dan stralen in een vlak dat niet door het midden van de lens gaat.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Aberratie</b> is de verzamelnaam voor beeld- of <b>lensfouten</b> in een <a href="/wiki/Optisch_instrument" title="Optisch instrument">optisch instrument</a>. Het woord is afgeleid van het <a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijnse</a> "ab" (af-, weg-) en "errare" (dwalen). </p><p>Veel lensfouten verminderen als het <a href="/wiki/Diafragma_(optica)" title="Diafragma (optica)">diafragma</a> gesloten wordt. Bij een verder volmaakte <a href="/wiki/Lens_(optica)" title="Lens (optica)">lens</a> wordt echter het <a href="/wiki/Resolutie_(optische_systemen)" title="Resolutie (optische systemen)">scheidend vermogen</a> beperkt door <a href="/wiki/Diffractie" title="Diffractie">diffractie</a>, een verschijnsel dat op zich weer afhankelijk is van het <a href="/wiki/Diafragma_(optica)" title="Diafragma (optica)">diafragma</a>. Hierdoor hebben veel lenzen een optimale beeldscherpte als het diafragma ongeveer twee <a href="/wiki/Diafragmagetal" title="Diafragmagetal">stops</a> kleiner is dan de maximale lensopening. Zie hiervoor ook het artikel <a href="/wiki/Airy-schijf" title="Airy-schijf">Airy-schijf</a>. </p><p>Bij lenzen en <a href="/wiki/Objectief_(optica)" title="Objectief (optica)">objectieven</a> kunnen de volgende lensfouten optreden: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromatische_aberratie" title="Chromatische aberratie">Chromatische aberratie</a>, gevolg van het variëren van de <a href="/wiki/Brekingsindex" title="Brekingsindex">brekingsindex</a> met de <a href="/wiki/Frequentie" title="Frequentie">frequentie</a>, dus de <a href="/wiki/Kleur" title="Kleur">kleur</a>, van het <a href="/wiki/Licht" title="Licht">licht</a>. Optische systemen en elementen waarbij het licht uitsluitend gespiegeld (en niet gebroken) wordt (bijvoorbeeld een <a href="/wiki/Newton-telescoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton-telescoop">Newton-telescoop</a>), vertonen dit soort beeldfout niet.</li> <li>Niet-chromatische aberraties, waaronder <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sferische_aberratie" title="Sferische aberratie">Sferische aberratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astigmatisme_(optica)" title="Astigmatisme (optica)">Astigmatisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coma_(optica)" title="Coma (optica)">Coma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vignettering" title="Vignettering">Vignettering</a> of lichtafval</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beeldveldwelving" title="Beeldveldwelving">Beeldveldwelving</a>, het niet vlak zijn van het beeld zodat maar een deel van het beeld scherp is op een vlak stuk film of een vlakke beeldsensor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertekening" title="Vertekening">Vertekening</a>, rechte lijnen worden niet recht afgebeeld, zodat bijvoorbeeld een rechthoek ton- of kussenvormig wordt afgebeeld.</li> <li>Interne reflecties</li> <li>Kleurzweem</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Bij de ontwikkeling van optische instrumenten worden voor het doorrekenen veelal zogenaamde <a href="/wiki/Zernikepolynoom" title="Zernikepolynoom">Zernikepolynomen</a> gebruikt. Hiermee kunnen ook de verschillende aberraties worden doorgerekend. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie 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/></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Geometrische_optica" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Geometrische_optica" title="Geometrische optica">Geometrische optica</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Basisbegrippen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Apertuur" title="Apertuur">Apertuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beeld_(optica)" title="Beeld (optica)">Beeld</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beeldvlak_(optica)" title="Beeldvlak (optica)">Beeldvlak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brandpunt_(optica)" title="Brandpunt (optica)">Brandpunt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brandpuntsafstand" title="Brandpuntsafstand">Brandpuntsafstand</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brekingsindex" title="Brekingsindex">Brekingsindex</a> · <a href="/wiki/Catadioptrisch_systeem" title="Catadioptrisch systeem">Catadioptrisch systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Concaaf" title="Concaaf">Concaaf</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contrast" title="Contrast">Contrast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Convergentie_en_divergentie" title="Convergentie en divergentie">Convergentie en divergentie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Convex" title="Convex">Convex</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diafragmagetal" title="Diafragmagetal">Diafragmagetal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dioptrie" title="Dioptrie">Dioptrie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fresnelvergelijkingen" title="Fresnelvergelijkingen">Fresnelvergelijkingen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Getal_van_Abbe" title="Getal van Abbe">Getal van Abbe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Glans" title="Glans">Glans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hoekvergroting" title="Hoekvergroting">Hoekvergroting</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hoofdvlak" title="Hoofdvlak">Hoofdvlak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intree-_en_uittreepupil" title="Intree- en uittreepupil">Intree- en uittreepupil</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lenzenformule" title="Lenzenformule">Lenzenformule</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lichtbreking" title="Lichtbreking">Lichtbreking</a> · <a href="/wiki/Openingshoek" title="Openingshoek">Openingshoek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Optische_as_(optica)" title="Optische as (optica)">Optische as</a> · <a href="/wiki/Parallax_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallax (hoofdbetekenis)">Parallax</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paraxiale_benadering" title="Paraxiale benadering">Paraxiale benadering</a> · <a href="/wiki/Reflectie_(straling)" title="Reflectie (straling)">Reflectie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Scheimpflug-principe" title="Scheimpflug-principe">Scheimpflug-principe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spiegelbeeld_(reflectie)" title="Spiegelbeeld (reflectie)">Spiegelbeeld</a> · <a href="/wiki/Strehlverhouding" title="Strehlverhouding">Strehlverhouding</a> · <a href="/wiki/Totale_interne_reflectie" title="Totale interne reflectie">Totale interne reflectie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Virtueel_beeld" title="Virtueel beeld">Virtueel beeld</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wet_van_Snellius" title="Wet van Snellius">Wet van Snellius</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Optische&#160;component:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Dunne_lens" title="Dunne lens">Dunne lens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dikke_lens" title="Dikke lens">Dikke lens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diafragma_(optica)" title="Diafragma (optica)">Diafragma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flintglas" title="Flintglas">Flintglas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fresnellens" title="Fresnellens">Fresnellens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroonglas_(optisch_glas)" title="Kroonglas (optisch glas)">Kroonglas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lens_(optica)" title="Lens (optica)">Lens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Microlens_(optica)" title="Microlens (optica)">Microlens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Retroreflector" title="Retroreflector">Retroreflector</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spiegel_(optica)" title="Spiegel (optica)">Spiegel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stralingsdeler" title="Stralingsdeler">Stralingsdeler</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Asferische&#160;component:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Asferische_optiek" title="Asferische optiek">Asferische optiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cilindrische_lens" title="Cilindrische lens">Cilindrische lens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lachspiegel" title="Lachspiegel">Lachspiegel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paraboolreflector" title="Paraboolreflector">Paraboolreflector</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spiegeltelescoop#Schmidtcorrector" title="Spiegeltelescoop">Schmidtcorrector</a> · <a href="/wiki/Torische_lens" title="Torische lens">Torische lens</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Lenzenstelsel:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Condensor_(optica)" title="Condensor (optica)">Condensor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lenzenstelsel" title="Lenzenstelsel">Lenzenstelsel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Objectief_(optica)" title="Objectief (optica)">Objectief (optica)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oculair" title="Oculair">Oculair</a> · <a href="/wiki/Retrofocus-_en_teleconstructie" title="Retrofocus- en teleconstructie">Retrofocus- en teleconstructie</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Afbeeldingsfout:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Afbeeldingsfouten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astigmatisme_(optica)" title="Astigmatisme (optica)">Astigmatisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beeldveldwelving" title="Beeldveldwelving">Beeldveldwelving</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chromatische_aberratie" title="Chromatische aberratie">Chromatische aberratie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Coma_(optica)" title="Coma (optica)">Coma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sferische_aberratie" title="Sferische aberratie">Sferische aberratie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vertekening" title="Vertekening">Vertekening</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b>Toepassing (fotografie):</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Fisheye-objectief" title="Fisheye-objectief">Fisheye-objectief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fotografie" title="Fotografie">Fotografie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Groothoekobjectief" title="Groothoekobjectief">Groothoekobjectief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Macro-objectief" title="Macro-objectief">Macro-objectief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pentaprisma" title="Pentaprisma">Pentaprisma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Standaardobjectief" title="Standaardobjectief">Standaardobjectief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Teleconverter" title="Teleconverter">Teleconverter</a> · <a href="/wiki/Teleobjectief" title="Teleobjectief">Teleobjectief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tussenring" title="Tussenring">Tussenring</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vergrotingsapparaat" title="Vergrotingsapparaat">Vergrotingsapparaat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vignettering" title="Vignettering">Vignettering</a> · <a href="/wiki/Voorzetlens" title="Voorzetlens">Voorzetlens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zoomobjectief" title="Zoomobjectief">Zoomobjectief</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>(bril e.d.):</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Antireflectiecoating" title="Antireflectiecoating">Antireflectiecoating</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bifocaal_brillenglas" title="Bifocaal brillenglas">Bifocaal brillenglas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beeldschermbril" title="Beeldschermbril">Beeldschermbril</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bril_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bril (hoofdbetekenis)">Bril</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contactlens" title="Contactlens">Contactlens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intraoculaire_lens" title="Intraoculaire lens">Intraoculaire lens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Multifocaal_brillenglas" title="Multifocaal brillenglas">Multifocaal brillenglas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nabijheidspunt" title="Nabijheidspunt">Nabijheidspunt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oogmeting" title="Oogmeting">Oogmeting</a> · <a href="/wiki/Refractor_(optometrie)" title="Refractor (optometrie)">Refractor (optometrie)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vertepunt" title="Vertepunt">Vertepunt</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>(microscoop):</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Microscoop" title="Microscoop">Microscoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Numerieke_apertuur" title="Numerieke apertuur">Numerieke apertuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Olie-immersie" title="Olie-immersie">Olie-immersie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stereomicroscoop" title="Stereomicroscoop">Stereomicroscoop</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>(projector):</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Eidophor" title="Eidophor">Eidophor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Episcoop" title="Episcoop">Episcoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diaprojector" title="Diaprojector">Diaprojector</a> · <a href="/wiki/Filmprojector" title="Filmprojector">Filmprojector</a> · <a href="/wiki/Overheadprojector" title="Overheadprojector">Overheadprojector</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toverlantaarn" title="Toverlantaarn">Toverlantaarn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Videoprojector" title="Videoprojector">Videoprojector</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b>(telescoop&#160;e.d.):</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Actieve_optiek" title="Actieve optiek">Actieve optiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrograaf" title="Astrograaf">Astrograaf</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dobsontelescoop" title="Dobsontelescoop">Dobsontelescoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hollandse_kijker" title="Hollandse kijker">Hollandse kijker</a> · <a href="/wiki/Montering_(telescoop)" title="Montering (telescoop)">Montering</a> · <a href="/wiki/Newtontelescoop" title="Newtontelescoop">Newtontelescoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nulcorrector" title="Nulcorrector">Nulcorrector</a> · <a href="/wiki/Refractor_(telescoop)" title="Refractor (telescoop)">Refractor (telescoop)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spiegeltelescoop" title="Spiegeltelescoop">Spiegeltelescoop (alle types)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Telescoop_(optica)" title="Telescoop (optica)">Telescoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verrekijker_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Verrekijker (hoofdbetekenis)">Verrekijker</a> · <a href="/wiki/Volgster" title="Volgster">Volgster</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Algemene toepassing:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Achteruitkijkspiegel" title="Achteruitkijkspiegel">Achteruitkijkspiegel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Adaptieve_optiek" title="Adaptieve optiek">Adaptieve optiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Barlowlens" title="Barlowlens">Barlowlens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kaleidoscoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaleidoscoop">Kaleidoscoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eenrichtingsspiegel" title="Eenrichtingsspiegel">Eenrichtingsspiegel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Immersielithografie" title="Immersielithografie">Immersielithografie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Loep" title="Loep">Loep</a> · <a href="/wiki/Periscoop" title="Periscoop">Periscoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Theodoliet" title="Theodoliet">Theodoliet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Waterpas_(landmeetkunde)" title="Waterpas (landmeetkunde)">Waterpasinstrument</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lens_aberration#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lens aberration">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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