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href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8\" title=\"Википедија:Уредувачки натпревари\"\u003Eуредувачки натпревар\u003C/a\u003E за \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_(2024)\" title=\"Википедија:Уредувачки натпревари/Средување (2024)\"\u003Eсредување на статии\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E. Прочитајте ги правилата и вклучете се!\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Мрежно место"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Содржина" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Содржина</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почеток</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Примери" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Примери"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Примери</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Примери-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Мерење_на_точка_на_топење" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Мерење_на_точка_на_топење"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Мерење на точка на топење</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Мерење_на_точка_на_топење-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Термодинамика" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Термодинамика"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Термодинамика</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Термодинамика-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Намалување_на_точка_на_мрзнење" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Намалување_на_точка_на_мрзнење"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Намалување на точка на мрзнење</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Намалување_на_точка_на_мрзнење-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Карнеловиот_закон" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Карнеловиот_закон"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Карнеловиот закон</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Карнеловиот_закон-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Предвидување_на_точка_на_топење_на_супстанци" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Предвидување_на_точка_на_топење_на_супстанци"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Предвидување на точка на топење на супстанци</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Предвидување_на_точка_на_топење_на_супстанци-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Отворени_подадоци_за_точка_на_топење" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Отворени_подадоци_за_точка_на_топење"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Отворени подадоци за точка на топење</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Отворени_подадоци_за_точка_на_топење-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Поврзано" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Поврзано"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Поврзано</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Поврзано-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Наводи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Наводи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Наводи</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Наводи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Надворешни_врски" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Надворешни_врски"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Надворешни врски</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Надворешни_врски-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Содржина" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прик./скр. содржина" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прик./скр. содржина</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Точка на топење</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Појдете на статија на друг јазик. Достапно на 96 јазици" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">96 јазици</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smeltpunt" title="Smeltpunt — африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Smeltpunt" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmelzpunkt" title="Schmelzpunkt — швајцарски германски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Schmelzpunkt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швајцарски германски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="نقطة الانصهار — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نقطة الانصهار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_de_fusi%C3%B3n" title="Punto de fusión — арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Punto de fusión" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puntu_de_fusi%C3%B3n" title="Puntu de fusión — астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Puntu de fusión" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Frim%C9%99_n%C3%B6qt%C9%99si" title="Ərimə nöqtəsi — азербејџански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ərimə nöqtəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербејџански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur — балиски" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Titik lebur" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="গলনাঙ্ক — бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গলনাঙ্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%BB%E2%81%BF-ti%C3%A1m" title="Iûⁿ-tiám — јужномински" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iûⁿ-tiám" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="јужномински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Тэмпература плаўлення — белоруски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэмпература плаўлення" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белоруски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Тэмпэратура плаўленьня — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тэмпэратура плаўленьня" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_kan_pagkatunaw" title="Punto kan pagkatunaw — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Punto kan pagkatunaw" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Температура на топене — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Температура на топене" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tali%C5%A1te" title="Talište — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Talište" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punt_de_fusi%C3%B3" title="Punt de fusió — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Punt de fusió" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%C4%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Шăрану температури — чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шăрану температури" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teplota_t%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Teplota tání — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Teplota tání" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ymdoddbwynt" title="Ymdoddbwynt — велшки" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ymdoddbwynt" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="велшки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smeltepunkt" title="Smeltepunkt — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Smeltepunkt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmelzpunkt" title="Schmelzpunkt — германски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schmelzpunkt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="германски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulamistemperatuur" title="Sulamistemperatuur — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sulamistemperatuur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BE%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Σημείο τήξης — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σημείο τήξης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point — англиски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Melting point" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_de_fusi%C3%B3n" title="Punto de fusión — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Punto de fusión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fandopunkto" title="Fandopunkto — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fandopunkto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urtze-puntu" title="Urtze-puntu — баскиски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Urtze-puntu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%87_%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A8" title="نقطه ذوب — персиски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نقطه ذوب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_de_fusion" title="Point de fusion — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Point de fusion" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raanpunt" title="Raanpunt — западнофризиски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Raanpunt" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%A1phointe" title="Leáphointe — ирски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leáphointe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poynt_lheie" title="Poynt lheie — манкс" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Poynt lheie" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="манкс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_de_fusi%C3%B3n" title="Punto de fusión — галициски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Punto de fusión" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галициски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B9%EB%8A%94%EC%A0%90" title="녹는점 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="녹는점" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BB%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Հալման ջերմաստիճան — ерменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հալման ջերմաստիճան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ерменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95" title="गलनांक — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गलनांक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tali%C5%A1te" title="Talište — хрватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Talište" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur — индонезиски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Titik lebur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puncto_de_fusion" title="Puncto de fusion — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Puncto de fusion" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%A6%C3%B0slumark" title="Bræðslumark — исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bræðslumark" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_di_fusione" title="Punto di fusione — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Punto di fusione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%9B%D7%94" title="נקודת התכה — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נקודת התכה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur — јавански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Titik lebur" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="јавански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B5_%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಕರಗುವ ತಾಪಮಾನ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕರಗುವ ತಾಪಮಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="დნობის ტემპერატურა — грузиски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დნობის ტემპერატურა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Балқу температурасы — казашки" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Балқу температурасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwen_konjelasyon" title="Pwen konjelasyon — хаитски" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Pwen konjelasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="хаитски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xala_hel%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Xala helînê — курдски" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xala helînê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punctum_liquefactionis" title="Punctum liquefactionis — латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Punctum liquefactionis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku%C5%A1anas_temperat%C5%ABra" title="Kušanas temperatūra — латвиски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kušanas temperatūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydymosi_temperat%C5%ABra" title="Lydymosi temperatūra — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lydymosi temperatūra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/selrunme" title="selrunme — ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="selrunme" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punt_de_f%C3%BCsiun" title="Punt de füsiun — ломбардиски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Punt de füsiun" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olvad%C3%A1spont" title="Olvadáspont — унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Olvadáspont" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="ദ്രവണാങ്കം — малајалски" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദ്രവണാങ്കം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малајалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82" title="उत्कलन बिंदू — марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उत्कलन बिंदू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takat_lebur" title="Takat lebur — малајски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Takat lebur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80" title="Хайлах температур — монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хайлах температур" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="အရည်ပျော်မှတ် — бурмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အရည်ပျော်မှတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бурмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smeltpunt" title="Smeltpunt — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Smeltpunt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="नाइगु फुति — неварски" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="नाइगु फुति" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9E%8D%E7%82%B9" title="融点 — јапонски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="融点" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smeltepunkt" title="Smeltepunkt — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Smeltepunkt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smeltepunkt" title="Smeltepunkt — норвешки нинорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Smeltepunkt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвешки нинорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponch_de_fusion" title="Ponch de fusion — окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ponch de fusion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qabxii_baqinaa" title="Qabxii baqinaa — оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Qabxii baqinaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erish_harorati" title="Erish harorati — узбечки" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Erish harorati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ — пенџапски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенџапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%86_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="پگلن نمبر — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پگلن نمبر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%B6ltpunkt" title="Smöltpunkt — долногермански" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Smöltpunkt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="долногермански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperatura_topnienia" title="Temperatura topnienia — полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Temperatura topnienia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponto_de_fus%C3%A3o" title="Ponto de fusão — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ponto de fusão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punct_de_topire" title="Punct de topire — романски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Punct de topire" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="романски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puriqchana_i%C3%B1u" title="Puriqchana iñu — кечуански" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Puriqchana iñu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Температура плавления — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Температура плавления" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%83" title="गलनाङ्कः — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="गलनाङ्कः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pika_e_shkrirjes" title="Pika e shkrirjes — албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pika e shkrirjes" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="ද්‍රවාංකය — синхалски" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද්‍රවාංකය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Melting point" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teplota_topenia" title="Teplota topenia — словачки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Teplota topenia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tali%C5%A1%C4%8De" title="Tališče — словенечки" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tališče" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%99%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B0" title="Тачка топљења — српски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тачка топљења" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="српски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tali%C5%A1te" title="Talište — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Talište" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulamispiste" title="Sulamispiste — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sulamispiste" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%A4ltpunkt" title="Smältpunkt — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Smältpunkt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_ng_pagkatunaw" title="Punto ng pagkatunaw — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Punto ng pagkatunaw" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="உருகுநிலை — тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உருகுநிலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="ద్రవీభవన స్థానం — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ద్రవీభవన స్థానం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7" title="จุดหลอมเหลว — тајландски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จุดหลอมเหลว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тајландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erime_noktas%C4%B1" title="Erime noktası — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Erime noktası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Температура плавлення — украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Температура плавлення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B7%DB%82_%D9%BE%DA%AF%DA%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A4" title="نقطۂ پگھلاؤ — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نقطۂ پگھلاؤ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_n%C3%B3ng_ch%E1%BA%A3y" title="Nhiệt độ nóng chảy — виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhiệt độ nóng chảy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_hin_pagkatunaw" title="Punto hin pagkatunaw — варајски" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Punto hin pagkatunaw" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点 — ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="熔点" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%94%E9%BB%9E" title="熔點 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="熔點" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="熔点" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15318#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Уредување на меѓујазични врски" class="wbc-editpage">Уреди врски</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именски простори"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Преглед на содржинската страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Страница</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80:%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" rel="discussion" title="Разговор за содржинската страница [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Разговор</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Изглед</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриј</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Од Википедија — слободната енциклопедија</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mk" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Melting_ice_thermometer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Melting_ice_thermometer.jpg/220px-Melting_ice_thermometer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Melting_ice_thermometer.jpg/330px-Melting_ice_thermometer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Melting_ice_thermometer.jpg/440px-Melting_ice_thermometer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="2204" /></a><figcaption>Коцките мраз ставени во вода ќе почнат да се топат кога ќе достигнат точка на топење од 0 ° С</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Точка на топење</b> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Температура">температурата</a> на која <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Супстанца">супстанца</a> ја менува состојбата од <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Цврста состојба на материјата">цврста</a> во <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Течност">течна</a> при <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Атмосферски притисок">атмосферски притисок</a>. При точката на топење цврстата и течната фаза егзистираат во еквилибриум. Точката на топење на супстанците зависи од притисокот кои вообичаено е определен како <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Стандарден пристисок">стандарден</a>. Кога се разгледува температурата на која течноста се менува во цврст облик, таа се нарекува како <b>точка на мрзнење</b> или точка на кристализација. Затоа што некои супстанци имаат способност да бидат суперстудени, точката на мрзнење не се смета како карактеристично својство на супстанцата. Кога „карактеристичната точка на мрзнење“ на супстанцата е определена, всушност актуелната методологија е секогаш „принцип на губење повеќе од замразување“, тоа е <a href="#Точка_на_топење">точка на топење</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Примери"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8"></span>Примери</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уреди го одделот „Примери“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Примери"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>За најголем број супстанци, точката на топење и точката на мрзнење се приближно еднакви. На пример, точката на топење <i>и</i> точката на мрзење на <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Жива">жива</a> е 234,32 <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Келвин">келвини</a> (−38,83 °C).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Како и да е,некои супстанци поседуваат различни цврсто-течни транзициони температури. На пример,<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Агар">агарсе</a> топи на 85 °C (185 °F),а се сцврстнува од 31 °C to 40 °C (89.6 °F to 104 °F); оваа зависност е позната како <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хистереза (страницата не постои)">хистереза</a>. </p><p>Точката на топење на мраз при притисок од 1 атмосфера е многу блиску <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 0 °C (32 °F, 273.15 K);тоа е исто така познато како <b>точка на мраз</b>. Во присуство на јадрени супстанции точката на мрзење на вода е исто како точката на топење,но во отсуство на нуклатори водата може да биде суперстудена до −42 °C (−43.6 °F, 231 K) пред да се замрзне. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Хемискиот елемент">Хемискиот елемент</a> со највиска точка на топење е <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Волфрам">волфрам</a>, на 3687 К(3414 °C, 6177 °F)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> што го прави одличен за употреба. Често споменуваниот <a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Јаглерод">јаглерод</a> не се топи при нормален притисок, но <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Сублимација">сублимира</a> на околу 4000 K; во течна фаза егзистира само при притисок 10 <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0)" title="Паскал (единица)">MPa</a> и 4300–4700 K. Тантал хафниум карбидот (Ta<sub>4</sub>HfC<sub>5</sub>) е рефракторометриско соединение со многу висока точка на топење од 4215 K (3942 °C, 7128 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> На другата страна од скалата, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Хелиумот">хелиумот</a> не се замрзнува при нормален притисок, дури при температури блиски до <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Апсолутна нула">апсолутна нула</a>. За негово замрзнување потребен е притисок 20 пати поголем од нормалниот атмосферски притисок. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Позастапени супстанции </th></tr> <tr> <th>Супстанција </th> <th data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Густина">Густина</a> <span class="nowrap">(<span style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="sfrac nowrap" style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:-0.5em; font-size:85%; text-align:center;"><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; margin:0 0.1em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Грам">г</a></span><span class="visualhide"></span><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; margin:0 0.1em; border-top:1px solid;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кубен сантиметар">см<sup>3</sup></a></span></span></span>)</span> </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Топење <span class="nowrap">(<span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Келвин">K</a></span>)</span> <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Точка на вриење">Вриење</a> <span class="nowrap">(<span style="font-weight:normal;">K</span>)</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">Вода</a> (при <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стандарден притосок (страницата не постои)">СП</a>)</td> <td>1</td> <td>273</td> <td>373 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Лем">Лем</a> (Pb60Sn40)</td> <td></td> <td>456</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кокосов путер (страницата не постои)">Кокосов путер</a></td> <td></td> <td>307.2</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Парафин (страницата не постои)">Парафин</a></td> <td>0.9</td> <td>310</td> <td>643 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">Водород</a></td> <td>0.00008988</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0014 </span><span class="sorttext">14.01</span></td> <td>20.28 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хелиум">Хелиум</a></td> <td>0.0001785</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0.1 </span><span class="sorttext">—</span></td> <td>4.22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Берилиум">Берилиум</a></td> <td>1.85</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">1560 </span><span class="sorttext">1560</span></td> <td>2742 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Јаглерод">Јаглерод</a></td> <td>2.267</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0.1 </span><span class="sorttext">—</span><sup id="cite_ref-rsc_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>4000<sup id="cite_ref-rsc_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Азот">Азот</a></td> <td>0.0012506</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0063 </span><span class="sorttext">63.15</span></td> <td>77.36 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">Кислород</a></td> <td>0.001429</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0054 </span><span class="sorttext">54.36</span></td> <td>90.20 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Натриум">Натриум</a></td> <td>0.971</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0371 </span><span class="sorttext">370.87</span></td> <td>1156 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Магнезиум">Магнезиум</a></td> <td>1.738</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0923 </span><span class="sorttext">923</span></td> <td>1363 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Алуминиум">Алуминиум</a></td> <td>2.698</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0933.5 </span><span class="sorttext">933.47</span></td> <td>2792 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%83%D1%80" title="Сулфур">Сулфур</a></td> <td>2.067</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0388.4 </span><span class="sorttext">388.36</span></td> <td>717.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Хлор">Хлор</a></td> <td>0.003214</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0171.6 </span><span class="sorttext">171.6</span></td> <td>239.11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Калиум">Калиум</a></td> <td>0.862</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0336.5 </span><span class="sorttext">336.53</span></td> <td>1032 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="Титан (елемент)">Титан</a></td> <td>4.54</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">1941 </span><span class="sorttext">1941</span></td> <td>3560 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Железо">Железо</a></td> <td>7.874</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">1811 </span><span class="sorttext">1811</span></td> <td>3134 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Никел">Никел</a></td> <td>8.912</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">1728 </span><span class="sorttext">1728</span></td> <td>3186 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бакар">Бакар</a></td> <td>8.96</td> <td>1357.77</td> <td>2835 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Цинк">Цинк</a></td> <td>7.134</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0693 </span><span class="sorttext">692.88</span></td> <td>1180 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Галиум">Галиум</a></td> <td>5.907</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0302.9 </span><span class="sorttext">302.9146</span></td> <td>2673 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Сребро">Сребро</a></td> <td>10.501</td> <td>1234.93</td> <td>2435 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Кадмиум">Кадмиум</a></td> <td>8.69</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0594.22 </span><span class="sorttext">594.22</span></td> <td>1040 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Индиум">Индиум</a></td> <td>7.31</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0429.75 </span><span class="sorttext">429.75</span></td> <td>2345 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Јод">Јод</a></td> <td>4.93</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0386.85 </span><span class="sorttext">386.85</span></td> <td>457.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал">Тантал</a></td> <td>16.654</td> <td>3290</td> <td>5731 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Волфрам">Волфрам</a></td> <td>19.25</td> <td>3695</td> <td>5828 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Платина">Платина</a></td> <td>21.46</td> <td>2041.4</td> <td>4098 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Злато">Злато</a></td> <td>19.282</td> <td>1337.33</td> <td>3129 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Жива">Жива</a></td> <td>13.5336</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0234.43 </span><span class="sorttext">234.43</span></td> <td>629.88 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Олово">Олово</a></td> <td>11.342</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0600.61 </span><span class="sorttext">600.61</span></td> <td>2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Бизмут">Бизмут</a></td> <td>9.807</td> <td><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">0544.7 </span><span class="sorttext">544.7</span></td> <td>1837 </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="13"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <p>Белешки </p> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: upper-roman;"> </div> <dl><dd>Z е стандарден симбол за <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Атомски број">атомски број</a>; C е стандарден симбол за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Топлински капацитет">топлински капацитет</a>; χ е стандарден симбол за <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Електронегативност">електронегативност</a> на Полинговата скала.}}</dd> <dd>Јаглеродот не се топи на ниедна температура под стандарден притисок, туку сублимира при околу 4.100 келвини}}</dd></dl> }}</div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Мерење_на_точка_на_топење"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.9A.D0.B5"></span>Мерење на точка на топење</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уреди го одделот „Мерење на точка на топење“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Мерење на точка на топење"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Koflerbank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Koflerbank.jpg/220px-Koflerbank.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Koflerbank.jpg/330px-Koflerbank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Koflerbank.jpg/440px-Koflerbank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1988" data-file-height="1196" /></a><figcaption>Кофлерова направа со примероци за баждарење</figcaption></figure> <p>Многу <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лабораториски техники (страницата не постои)">лабораториски техники</a> постојат за одредување за точката на топење. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kofler_bench&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kofler bench (страницата не постои)">Kofler bench</a> е метална трака со облежани температури (од собна температура до 300 °C). Било која супстанца која ќе се стави на делот од траката се однесува согласно со температурата која што е ставена.<a href="/w/index.php?title=Differential_scanning_calorimetry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Differential scanning calorimetry (страницата не постои)">Differential scanning calorimetryдава</a> за информација за точка на топење заедно со неговата <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Енталпија на соединување (страницата не постои)">енталпија на соединување</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Kr%C3%BCss_M5000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Kr%C3%BCss_M5000.jpg/220px-Kr%C3%BCss_M5000.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Kr%C3%BCss_M5000.jpg/330px-Kr%C3%BCss_M5000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Kr%C3%BCss_M5000.jpg/440px-Kr%C3%BCss_M5000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1194" data-file-height="1212" /></a><figcaption>Automatic digital melting point meter</figcaption></figure> <p>Основниот апарат за мерење на точка на топење на кристалните супстанци се состои од <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Маслена бања (страницата не постои)">маслена бања</a> со транспаренто прозорче (најчест дизајн: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тијаловата туба (страницата не постои)">Тијаловата туба</a>). Неколку зрнца на цврстата супстанца се става во тенка стаклена туба и делумно се потпува во маслената бања. Маслената бања се загрева со мешање и со помош на додаден извор на светлина и топењето на поединечни кристали може да се приметат при одредена температура. Кај големо/мали дадатоци, пробата може да се смести во блокот за загревање и оптичката детекција е автоматска. Мерењето може исто така да се направи континуиарно со оперативен процес. На пример, рафинериите за масло ја мерат точката на мрзнење на дизелот онлајн,што значи дека пробата се зема од процесот на добивање и се мери автоматски. Ова значи дека за почестите мерења на пробите немора да се земаат рачно и да се собираат за лабораторија. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Термодинамика"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Термодинамика</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уреди го одделот „Термодинамика“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Термодинамика"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Melting_curve_of_water.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Melting_curve_of_water.svg/220px-Melting_curve_of_water.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Melting_curve_of_water.svg/330px-Melting_curve_of_water.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Melting_curve_of_water.svg/440px-Melting_curve_of_water.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>Pressure dependence of water melting point</figcaption></figure><p>Не само загревање е потребно да ја покачи температурата на цврстите супстанци до точката на топење,но топењето само по себе бара топлина која се нарекува <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Топлина на соединување (страницата не постои)">топлина на соединување</a>. </p><p>Од термодинамична гледна точка, точката на топење во <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гипсова слободна енергија (страницата не постои)">Гипсова слободна енергија</a> (ΔG) на материјалот е нула,но <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Енталпијата (страницата не постои)">енталпијата</a> (<i>H</i>) и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ентрпијата (страницата не постои)">ентрпијата</a> (<i>S</i>) на материјалот е растечка (ΔH, ΔS > 0). Феноменот на топење се случува кога Гипсовата слободна енергија на течноста ќе стане пониска од таа на цврстиот облик на материјалот.При различни притисоци ова се случува на специфични температури.Ова исто така може да биде претставено како: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta S={\frac {\Delta H}{T}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>H</mi> </mrow> <mi>T</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta S={\frac {\Delta H}{T}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7e11d9039baf7953662f0f439128d6ef3708c9a7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:11.369ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta S={\frac {\Delta H}{T}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Каде што <i>T</i>, <i>ΔS</i> и <i>ΔH</i> се соодветни температури на точка на топење, промена на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Енторпијата (страницата не постои)">енторпијата</a> при топењето и промена на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Енталпија">енталпија</a> при топењето. </p><p>Точката на топење е осетлива при екстремно големи промени во <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Притисокот (страницата не постои)">притисокот</a>.Ако,во најчест број разгледувани случаи се во цврста состојба отколку во течна, точката на топење ќе се зголемува со зголемувањето на притисокот. Поинаку кажано и со спротивното однесување ќе се забележи соодветно.Забележан е случајот со водата која е графички илустирана на десно,но исто така и Si, Ge, Ga, Bi. При екстемно големи промени во притисокот,се забележуваат и екстремно големи промени и во точката на топење. На пример, точката на топење на силициум при нормален притисок (0.1 MPa)е 1415 °C, но при притисок од 10 GPa таа се намалува на 1000 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Точката на топење најчесто се употребува за каракгеризација на органски и неоргански соединенија и за да одреди нивната <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чистота (страницата не постои)">чистота</a>. Точката на топење на чистите супстанци е секогаш повисока и има помал ранг од точката на топење на онечистена супстанца.Што е поголемо количеството на други компоненти точката на топење е пониска со поширок ранг на точка на топење.Температурата на која што почнува топењето е позната како "solidus" додека температурата на која што топењето е комплетно се вика "liquidus". Еутектички смеси се специјални типови на микстури коишто се однесуваат како едната фаза.Тие се топат на константна температура и формираат течност на истото соединение.Алтернативно, со ладење на течностите кај еутектичките композиции ќе се сцврснат како униформни дисперзии, малечки мешани кристали од истото соединение. </p><p>Наспроти кристалните супстанци,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стаклените (страницата не постои)">стакленитене</a> поседуваат точка на топење; кога се загреваат тие преидуваат во мека <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стаклена транзиција (страницата не постои)">стаклена транзиција</a> и после преминуваат во <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вискозна течност (страницата не постои)">вискозна течност</a>. Ако продолжи загревањето,тие постапно омекнуваат коишто се одликува со <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Точка на омекнување (страницата не постои)">точка на омекнување</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Намалување_на_точка_на_мрзнење"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.83.D0.B2.D0.B0.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BC.D1.80.D0.B7.D0.BD.D0.B5.D1.9A.D0.B5"></span>Намалување на точка на мрзнење</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уреди го одделот „Намалување на точка на мрзнење“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Намалување на точка на мрзнење"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4650192">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Главна статија: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freezing-point_depression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freezing-point depression (страницата не постои)">Freezing-point depression</a></div> <p>Точката на мрзнење на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Раствор">раствор</a> се намалува кога ќе и се додаде друго соединение, што значи дека <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Растворот (страницата не постои)">растворотима</a> пониска точка на мрзнење отколку чистиот растворувач. Овој фонемен се користи во технички апликации за да се избегне смрзнувањето, на пример со додавање на сол или етилен гликол во вода. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Карнеловиот_закон"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.BE.D1.82_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BD"></span>Карнеловиот закон</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уреди го одделот „Карнеловиот закон“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Карнеловиот закон"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Во <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Органската хемија (страницата не постои)">органската хемија</a> <b>Карнеловиот закон</b>, потврден во 1882 од Томас Карнели, стои дека <i>високата <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Молекуларна симетрија (страницата не постои)">молекуларна симетрија</a> е поврзана со високата точка на топење</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Карнели го базирал неговиот закон на исптувања на 15,000 хемиски супстанци,На пример, за три <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Структурни изомери (страницата не постои)">структурни изомери</a> со <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Молекуларна формула">молекуларна формула</a> C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub> точката на топење расте во сериите <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изопентан (страницата не постои)">изопентан</a> −160 °C (113 K) <a href="/w/index.php?title=N-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-пентан (страницата не постои)">n-пентан</a> −129.8 °C (143 K) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Неопентан (страницата не постои)">неопентан</a> −16.4 °C (256.8 K).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Исто така и кај <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кслиените (страницата не постои)">кслиените</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дихлоробензените (страницата не постои)">дихлоробензенитеточката</a> на топење расте по редослед метаорто и потоа пара. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пиридин">Пиридинот</a> има помала симетрија од <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бензените (страницата не постои)">бензените</a> и соодветно пониска точка на топење, но точката на топење повторно се зголемува кај <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диазин (страницата не постои)">диазините</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Триазин (страницата не постои)">триазините</a>. Многу циклични соединенија како <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Адамантан (страницата не постои)">адамантан</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кубан (страницата не постои)">кубан</a> со висока симетрија имаат релативно висока точка на топење. </p><p>Високата точка на топење резултира од високата <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Топлина на соединување (страницата не постои)">топлина на соединување</a> и ниска <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ентропија на соединување (страницата не постои)">ентропија на соединување</a> или комбинација од дветте. Во високо симтеричните молекули кирсталната фаза е густо спакувана со доволен број меѓумолекулски интеркации и висока енталпија која ја менува топењето </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Предвидување_на_точка_на_топење_на_супстанци"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.83.D0.B2.D0.B0.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.81.D1.83.D0.BF.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Предвидување на точка на топење на супстанци</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уреди го одделот „Предвидување на точка на топење на супстанци“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Предвидување на точка на топење на супстанци"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Како додадок на предвидувањето на точката на топење на кристалните материјали првпат е поставено во 1910 од <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Lindemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick Lindemann (страницата не постои)">Frederick Lindemann</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lindemann1910_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindemann1910-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Идејата позади теоријата беше да се набљудуваат средните амплитуди од термалните вибрации коишто се зголемуваат со зголемувањето на температурата. Топењето почнува кога амплитудата на вибарацијата станува доволно голема да ги одвои атомите во истиот простор. Во <b>Лидеманиовиот критериум</b> стои дека топењето е очекувано кога коренот на амплитудата на вибарцијата ја надмниува долната граница. </p><p>Предпоставувајќи дека сите атоми во кристалот вибрираат со иста фрекфренција <i>ν</i>, и средната топлинска енергија може да се предтави со равенката<a href="/w/index.php?title=Equipartition_theorem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Equipartition theorem (страницата не постои)">equipartition theorem</a> as<sup id="cite_ref-Sorkin_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sorkin-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E=4\pi ^{2}m\nu ^{2}~u^{2}=k_{B}T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>E</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4</mn> <msup> <mi>π</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>m</mi> <msup> <mi>ν</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E=4\pi ^{2}m\nu ^{2}~u^{2}=k_{B}T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/805bbaa7f914f932f31ca81997e6bc246ac810a7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:23.167ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E=4\pi ^{2}m\nu ^{2}~u^{2}=k_{B}T}"></span></dd></dl> <p><i>m</i> - <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Атомска маса">атомска маса</a>, <i>ν</i> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фрекфренција (страницата не постои)">фрекфренција</a>, <i>u</i> средна вибрациона амплитуда, k<sub>B</sub> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boltzmann_constant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boltzmann constant (страницата не постои)">Boltzmann constant</a>, и <i>T</i> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апсолутна температура (страницата не постои)">апсолутна температура</a>. Кога граничната вредност <i>u<sup>2</sup></i> е <i>c<sup>2</sup>a<sup>2</sup></i> каде <i>c</i> е <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Линдеманова константа (страницата не постои)">Линдеманова константа</a> и<i>a</i> е <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атомски пристор (страницата не постои)">атомски пристор</a>, тогаш точката на топење може да се претстави како </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {4\pi ^{2}m\nu ^{2}c^{2}a^{2}}{k_{B}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mpadded width="0" height="8.6pt" depth="3pt"> <mrow /> </mpadded> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> <msup> <mi>π</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>m</mi> <msup> <mi>ν</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow> <mpadded width="0" height="8.6pt" depth="3pt"> <mrow /> </mpadded> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {4\pi ^{2}m\nu ^{2}c^{2}a^{2}}{k_{B}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d1c12d8c4bc679cda9093de77626f0407e68aeee" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:19.215ex; height:7.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {4\pi ^{2}m\nu ^{2}c^{2}a^{2}}{k_{B}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Други често употребувани равенки од Линдеманиовиот кретериум се is<sup id="cite_ref-Hofmann_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hofmann-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {m\nu ^{2}c^{2}a^{2}}{k_{B}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mpadded width="0" height="8.6pt" depth="3pt"> <mrow /> </mpadded> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <msup> <mi>ν</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow> <mpadded width="0" height="8.6pt" depth="3pt"> <mrow /> </mpadded> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {m\nu ^{2}c^{2}a^{2}}{k_{B}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1a7a93670b033089608e11a81c907e7fdb4758a0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:15.664ex; height:7.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {m\nu ^{2}c^{2}a^{2}}{k_{B}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Од равенксата за <a href="/w/index.php?title=Debye_%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debye фрекфренција (страницата не постои)">Debye фрекфренција</a> за<i>ν</i>, ние имаме </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {2\pi mc^{2}a^{2}\theta _{D}^{2}k_{B}}{h^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mpadded width="0" height="8.6pt" depth="3pt"> <mrow /> </mpadded> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>m</mi> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>θ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow> <mpadded width="0" height="8.6pt" depth="3pt"> <mrow /> </mpadded> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {2\pi mc^{2}a^{2}\theta _{D}^{2}k_{B}}{h^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7874cc8adaec7080ccf0aff95fe612442e00010b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:21.221ex; height:7.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T_{m}={\cfrac {2\pi mc^{2}a^{2}\theta _{D}^{2}k_{B}}{h^{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>каде θ<sub>D</sub> е<a href="/w/index.php?title=Debye_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debye температура (страницата не постои)">Debye температура</a> и <i>h</i> е <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планкова константа">Планкова константа</a>. Вредноста <i>c</i> се движи во ранг од 0.15-0.3 за најголем број на материјали<sup id="cite_ref-Nelson_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nelson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Отворени_подадоци_за_точка_на_топење"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.BE.D1.86.D0.B8_.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.9A.D0.B5"></span>Отворени подадоци за точка на топење</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уреди го одделот „Отворени подадоци за точка на топење“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Отворени подадоци за точка на топење"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Во фебрурари 2011<sup id="cite_ref-Bradley_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfa_Aesar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfa Aesar (страницата не постои)">Alfa Aesar</a> ослободи над 10,000 точки на топење на соединенија од нивнот каталог како <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Отворени податоци (страницата не постои)">отворени податоци</a>. Овие податоци се лесно достапни и можат да се симнат од интернет<sup id="cite_ref-BradleyLang_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BradleyLang-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Овие податоци може да се употребат за да се создаде <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рандом форест (страницата не постои)">рандом форест</a> модел за предвидување на точка на топење<sup id="cite_ref-Lang_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lang-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> познати како слободни за употреба.<sup id="cite_ref-LangGuha_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LangGuha-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Отоврени податоци за точка на топење се исто така достапни и од <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nature_Precedings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nature Precedings (страницата не постои)">Nature Precedings</a> .<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Поврзано"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BE"></span>Поврзано</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Уреди го одделот „Поврзано“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=8" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Поврзано"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Список на елементите според точката на топење (страницата не постои)">Список на елементите според точката на топење</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Точки на топење на елементите (податоци) (страницата не постои)">Точки на топење на елементите (податоци)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" class="mw-redirect" title="Фаза (материја)">Фази на материјата</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тројна точка">Тројна точка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Топење">Топење</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Топлина">Топлина</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Притисок">Притисок</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фазен дијаграм (страницата не постои)">Фазен дијаграм</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Наводи"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B8"></span>Наводи</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Уреди го одделот „Наводи“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=9" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Наводи"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRamsay,_J._A.1949" class="citation journal">Ramsay, J. A. (1949). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/reprint/26/1/57.pdf">„A new method of freezing-point determination for small quantities“</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Exp._Biol.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Exp. Biol. (страницата не постои)">J. Exp. Biol.</a></i> <b>26</b> (1): 57–64. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15406812">15406812</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Exp.+Biol.&rft.atitle=A+new+method+of+freezing-point+determination+for+small+quantities&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=57-64&rft.date=1949&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15406812&rft.au=Ramsay%2C+J.+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjeb.biologists.org%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F26%2F1%2F57.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5289462">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, p. 4.122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The melting point of purified water has been measured as 0.002519 ± 0,000002 °C, see <cite id="CITEREFFeistel,_R._and_Wagner,_W.2006" class="citation journal">Feistel, R. and Wagner, W. (2006). „A New Equation of State for H<sub>2</sub>O Ice Ih“. <i>J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data</i>. <b>35</b> (2): 1021–1047. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006JPCRD..35.1021F">2006JPCRD..35.1021F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2F1.2183324">10.1063/1.2183324</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Phys.+Chem.+Ref.+Data&rft.atitle=A+New+Equation+of+State+for+H%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3EO+Ice+Ih&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1021-1047&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1063%2F1.2183324&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006JPCRD..35.1021F&rft.au=Feistel%2C+R.+and+Wagner%2C+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1-одржување: повеќе имиња: список на автори (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1-%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%9C%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B0:_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Категорија:CS1-одржување: повеќе имиња: список на автори">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">[Haynes, p. 4.123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAgte,_C.,_and_Alterthum,_H.1930" class="citation journal">Agte, C., and Alterthum, H. (1930). „Researches on Systems with Carbides at High Melting Point and Contributions to the Problem of Carbon Fusion“. <i>Z. Tech. Physik</i>. <b>11</b>: 182–191.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Z.+Tech.+Physik&rft.atitle=Researches+on+Systems+with+Carbides+at+High+Melting+Point+and+Contributions+to+the+Problem+of+Carbon+Fusion&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=182-191&rft.date=1930&rft.au=Agte%2C+C.%2C+and+Alterthum%2C+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1-одржување: повеќе имиња: список на автори (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1-%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%9C%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B0:_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Категорија:CS1-одржување: повеќе имиња: список на автори">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHolmanLawrenceBarr1895" class="citation journal">Holman, S. W.; Lawrence, R. R.; Barr, L. (1 January 1895). „Melting Points of Aluminum, Silver, Gold, Copper, and Platinum“. <i>Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences</i>. <b>31</b>: 218–233. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F20020628">10.2307/20020628</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/20020628">20020628</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft.atitle=Melting+Points+of+Aluminum%2C+Silver%2C+Gold%2C+Copper%2C+and+Platinum&rft.volume=31&rft.pages=218-233&rft.date=1895-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F20020628&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20020628&rft.aulast=Holman&rft.aufirst=S.+W.&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+R.+R.&rft.au=Barr%2C+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rsc-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rsc_7-0">7,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rsc_7-1">7,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/6/carbon">„Carbon“</a>. <i>rsc.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rsc.org&rft.atitle=Carbon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsc.org%2Fperiodic-table%2Felement%2F6%2Fcarbon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tonkov, E. Yu. and Ponyatovsky, E. G. (2005) <i>Phase Transformations of Elements Under High Pressure</i>, CRC Press, Boca Raton, p. 98 <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/0849333679" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8493-3367-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrown,_R._J._C._&_R._F._C.2000" class="citation journal">Brown, R. J. C. & R. F. C. (2000). „Melting Point and Molecular Symmetry“. <i>Journal of Chemical Education</i>. <b>77</b> (6): 724. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000JChEd..77..724B">2000JChEd..77..724B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fed077p724">10.1021/ed077p724</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Education&rft.atitle=Melting+Point+and+Molecular+Symmetry&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=724&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fed077p724&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000JChEd..77..724B&rft.au=Brown%2C+R.+J.+C.+%26+R.+F.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, pp. 6.153–155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lindemann1910-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lindemann1910_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLindemann_FA1910" class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Lindemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick Lindemann (страницата не постои)">Lindemann FA</a> (1910). „The calculation of molecular vibration frequencies“. <i>Physik. Z</i>. <b>11</b>: 609–612.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physik.+Z.&rft.atitle=The+calculation+of+molecular+vibration+frequencies&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=609-612&rft.date=1910&rft.au=Lindemann+FA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sorkin-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sorkin_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sorkin, S., (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phycomp.technion.ac.il/~phsorkin/thesis/thesis.html">Point defects, lattice structure, and melting</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161005221157/http://phycomp.technion.ac.il/~phsorkin/thesis/thesis.html">Архивирано</a> на 5 октомври 2016 г.</small>, Thesis, Technion, Israel.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hofmann-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Hofmann_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPhilip_Hofmann2008" class="citation book">Philip Hofmann (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150321072209/http://books.google.com/books?id=XfIpxi4kcM4C&pg=PA67"><i>Solid state physics: an introduction</i></a>. Wiley-VCH. стр. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/978-3-527-40861-0" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/978-3-527-40861-0"><bdi>978-3-527-40861-0</bdi></a>. Архивирано од <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=XfIpxi4kcM4C&pg=PA67">изворникот</a> на 2015-03-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Solid+state+physics%3A+an+introduction&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-3-527-40861-0&rft.au=Philip+Hofmann&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXfIpxi4kcM4C%26pg%3DPA67&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nelson-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nelson_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nelson, D. R., (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=YtYFAqswRzUC&printsec=frontcover">Defects and geometry in condensed matter physics</a>, Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/0521004004" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-00400-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley, J-C., (2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usefulchem.blogspot.com/2011/02/alfa-aesar-melting-point-data-now.html">Alfa Aesar melting point data now openly available</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BradleyLang-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BradleyLang_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lxsrv7.oru.edu/~alang/meltingpoints/download.php">Open Melting Point Datasets</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111103061157/http://lxsrv7.oru.edu/~alang/meltingpoints/download.php">Архивирано</a> на 3 ноември 2011 г.</small>. Lxsrv7.oru.edu. Посетено на 13 September 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lang-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lang_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley, J-C. and Lang A.S.I.D. (2011) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onschallenge.wikispaces.com/MeltingPointModel010">Random Forest model for melting point prediction</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170731052014/http://onschallenge.wikispaces.com/MeltingPointModel010">Архивирано</a> на 31 јули 2017 г.</small>. onschallenge.wikispaces.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LangGuha-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-LangGuha_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qsardb.org/repository/predictor/10967/104?model=rf">Predict melting point from SMILES</a>. Qsardb.org. Посетено на 13 September 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Williams-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Williams_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6229/version/1">ONS Open Melting Point Collection</a>. Precedings.nature.com. Посетено на 13 September 2013.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Уреди го одделот „Bibliography“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=10" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Bibliography"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="Haynes" class="citation book">Haynes, William M., уред. (2011). <i>CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</i> (92nd. изд.). CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/1439855110" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/1439855110"><bdi>1439855110</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CRC+Handbook+of+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.edition=92nd&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=1439855110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Надворешни_врски"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B2.D1.80.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Надворешни врски</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Уреди го одделот „Надворешни врски“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&section=11" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Надворешни врски"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/details/meltingboilingpo01carnuoft">Melting and boiling point tables vol. 1</a> by Thomas Carnelley (Harrison, London, 1885–1887)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/details/meltingboilingpo02carnuoft">Melting and boiling point tables vol. 2</a> by Thomas Carnelley (Harrison, London, 1885–1887)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lxsrv7.oru.edu/~alang/meltingpoints/">ONS melting point explorer</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111214110324/http://lxsrv7.oru.edu/~alang/meltingpoints/">Архивирано</a> на 14 декември 2011 г.</small> Over 10,000 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Data&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open Data (страницата не постои)">Open Data</a> melting points.</li></ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-преглед"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Предлошка:Состојби на материјата"><abbr title="Преглед на предлошкава" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">п</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-разговор"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Разговор за предлошка:Состојби на материјата"><abbr title="Разговор за предлошкава" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">р</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-уреди"><a class="external text" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit"><abbr title="Уредување на предлошкава" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">у</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Состојби на материјата">Состојби на материјата</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Состојба</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B1%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цврста состојба (страницата не постои)">Цврста состојба</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Течност">Течност</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Гас">Гас</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0" title="Пареа">Пареа</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Плазма(физика) (страницата не постои)">Плазма</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="15" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Phase_change_-_mk.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Phase_change_-_mk.svg/250px-Phase_change_-_mk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Phase_change_-_mk.svg/375px-Phase_change_-_mk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Phase_change_-_mk.svg/500px-Phase_change_-_mk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="429" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Ниска енергија</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5-%D0%90%D1%98%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бозе-Ајнштајнов кондензат (страницата не постои)">Бозе-Ајнштајнов кондензат</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фермионски кондензат (страницата не постои)">Фермионски кондензат</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изродена материја (страницата не постои)">Изродена материја</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Квантен Хол ефект (страницата не постои)">Квантен Хол</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ридбергова материја (страницата не постои)">Ридбергова материја</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чудна материја (страницата не постои)">Чудна материја</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Суперфлуидност">Суперфлуид</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Суперцврстина (страницата не постои)">Суперцврстина</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фотонска материја (страницата не постои)">Фотонска материја</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Висока енергија</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=QCD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="QCD материја (страницата не постои)">QCD материја</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=QCD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="QCD решетка (страницата не постои)">QCD решетка</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA-%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кварк-глуон плазма (страницата не постои)">Кварк-глуон плазма</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Суперкритичен флуид (страницата не постои)">Суперкритичен флуид</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">други состојби</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Колоид (страницата не постои)">Колоид</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Стакло">Стакло</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Течен кристал (страницата не постои)">Течен кристал</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Течност со квантен спин (страницата не постои)">Течност со квантен спин</a></li> <li>Магнетно подредени <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Антиферомагнетизам (страницата не постои)">Антиферомагнет</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Феромагнетизам (страницата не постои)">Феримагнет</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Феромагнетизам (страницата не постои)">Феромагнет</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мрежеста течност (страницата не постои)">Мрежеста течност</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Суперстакло (страницата не постои)">Суперстакло</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Фазен премин">Премини</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Вриење">Вриење</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Точка на вриење">Точка на вриење</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кондензација">Кондензација</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Критична линија (страницата не постои)">Критична линија</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Критична точка (термодинамика) (страницата не постои)">Критична точка</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кристализација (страницата не постои)">Кристализација</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Наталожување (страницата не постои)">Наталожување</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Испарување">Испарување</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ненадејно испарување (страницата не постои)">Ненадејно испарување</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Замрзнување">Замрзнување</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хемиска јонизација (страницата не постои)">Хемиска јонизација</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Јонизација">Јонизација</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ламбда точка (страницата не постои)">Ламбда точка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Топење">Топење</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Точка на топење</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рекомбинација (страницата не постои)">Рекомбинација</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Регелација (страницата не постои)">Регелација</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Заситен флуид (страницата не постои)">Заситен флуид</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Сублимација">Сублимација</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Суперладење (страницата не постои)">Суперладење</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тројна точка">Тројна точка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Испарување">Испарување</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Застаклување">Застаклување</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Квантитети</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Енталпија на соединување (страницата не постои)">Енталпија на соединување</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Енталпија на сублимација (страницата не постои)">Енталпија на сублимација</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Енталпија на испарување">Енталпија на испарување</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Латентна 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