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type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-早年求学" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早年求学"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>早年求学</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早年求学-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-创作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#创作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>创作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-创作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-主要作品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#主要作品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>主要作品</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-主要作品-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关主要作品子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-主要作品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-長篇小說" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#長篇小說"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>長篇小說</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-長篇小說-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中短篇小說" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中短篇小說"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>中短篇小說</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中短篇小說-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-劇本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#劇本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>劇本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-劇本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-作品翻拍之電影" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#作品翻拍之電影"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>作品翻拍之電影</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-作品翻拍之電影-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-风格与评价" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#风格与评价"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>风格与评价</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-风格与评价-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">伊万·屠格涅夫</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。96种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">96种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwan_Toergenef" title="Iwan Toergenef – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Iwan Toergenef" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Тургенев, Иван Сергеевич – 南阿尔泰语" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Тургенев, Иван Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="南阿尔泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%89%AB%E1%8A%95_%E1%89%B1%E1%88%AD%E1%8C%8C%E1%8A%94%E1%89%AD" title="ኢቫን ቱርጌኔቭ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢቫን ቱርጌኔቭ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81" title="إيفان تورغينيف – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيفان تورغينيف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81" title="ايفان تورجينيف – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايفان تورجينيف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgu%C3%A9nev" title="Ivan Turguénev – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ivan Turguénev" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0van_Turgenev" title="İvan Turgenev – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İvan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%81" title="ایوان تورقنیف – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایوان تورقنیف" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Тургенев Иван Сергеевич – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тургенев Иван Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Іван Сяргеевіч Тургенеў – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іван Сяргеевіч Тургенеў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Іван Тургенеў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Іван Тургенеў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургенев – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Иван Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD" title="ইভান তুর্গেনেভ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইভান তুর্গেনেভ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Tourgeniev" title="Ivan Tourgeniev – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ivan Tourgeniev" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenjev" title="Ivan Turgenjev – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ivan Turgenjev" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgu%C3%A9nev" title="Ivan Turguénev – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ivan Turguénev" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%A4%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%8E%DA%A4" title="ئیڤان تورگێنێڤ – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیڤان تورگێنێڤ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergejevi%C4%8D_Turgen%C4%9Bv" title="Ivan Sergejevič Turgeněv – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ivan Sergejevič Turgeněv" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Тургенев Иван Сергеевич – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тургенев Иван Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwan_Sergejewitsch_Turgenew" title="Iwan Sergejewitsch Turgenew – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Iwan Sergejewitsch Turgenew" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenyev" title="Ivan Turgenyev – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ivan Turgenyev" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%86" title="Ιβάν Τουργκένιεφ – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιβάν Τουργκένιεφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iv%C3%A1n_Turgu%C3%A9nev" title="Iván Turguénev – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iván Turguénev" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%81" title="ایوان تورگنیف – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایوان تورگنیف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Tourgueniev" title="Ivan Tourgueniev – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ivan Tourgueniev" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Toergenjev" title="Ivan Toergenjev – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ivan Toergenjev" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91" title="איוואן טורגנייב – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איוואן טורגנייב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5" title="इवान तुर्गेन्येव – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इवान तुर्गेन्येव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenjev" title="Ivan Turgenjev – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ivan Turgenjev" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwan_Sergejewi%C4%8D_Turgenjew" title="Iwan Sergejewič Turgenjew – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Iwan Sergejewič Turgenjew" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Szergejevics_Turgenyev" title="Ivan Szergejevics Turgenyev – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ivan Szergejevics Turgenyev" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%B6%D6%87" title="Իվան Տուրգենև – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իվան Տուրգենև" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%82" title="Իւան Թուրկենեւ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իւան Թուրկենեւ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergeyevich_Turgenev" title="Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dvan_T%C3%BArgenev" title="Ívan Túrgenev – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ívan Túrgenev" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergeevi%C4%8D_Turgenev" title="Ivan Sergeevič Turgenev – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ivan Sergeevič Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%84%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%95" title="イワン・ツルゲーネフ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イワン・ツルゲーネフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ივანე ტურგენევი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ივანე ტურგენევი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Сергеевич Тургенев – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Иван Сергеевич Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%98_%ED%88%AC%EB%A5%B4%EA%B2%8C%EB%84%A4%ED%94%84" title="이반 투르게네프 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이반 투르게네프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Evan_Turgenyev" title="Îvan Turgenyev – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îvan Turgenyev" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургенев – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Иван Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Turgenev" title="Ioannes Turgenev – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivanas_Turgenevas" title="Ivanas Turgenevas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ivanas Turgenevas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivans_Turge%C5%86evs" title="Ivans Turgeņevs – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ivans Turgeņevs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Tourgueniev" title="Ivan Tourgueniev – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ivan Tourgueniev" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургенев – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Иван Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇവാൻ തുർഗെനേവ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇവാൻ തുർഗെനേവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургенев – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Иван Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%97%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%90%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9B%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="အိုင်ဗန် တူရဂေနျက် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုင်ဗန် တူရဂေနျက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%81" title="ایوان ترگنیف – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ایوان ترگنیف" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Toergenjev" title="Ivan Toergenjev – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ivan Toergenjev" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenjev" title="Ivan Turgenjev – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ivan Turgenjev" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B5" title="ਇਵਾਨ ਤੁਰਗਨੇਵ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਵਾਨ ਤੁਰਗਨੇਵ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwan_Turgieniew" title="Iwan Turgieniew – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Iwan Turgieniew" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%81" title="ایوان ترگنیف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایوان ترگنیف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgu%C3%AAniev" title="Ivan Turguêniev – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ivan Turguêniev" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgheniev" title="Ivan Turgheniev – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ivan Turgheniev" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Тургенев, Иван Сергеевич – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тургенев, Иван Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургенев – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Иван Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenjev" title="Ivan Turgenjev – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ivan Turgenjev" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergejevi%C4%8D_Turgenev" title="Ivan Sergejevič Turgenev – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ivan Sergejevič Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergejevi%C4%8D_Turgenjev" title="Ivan Sergejevič Turgenjev – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ivan Sergejevič Turgenjev" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergejevi%C3%A7_Turgenjev" title="Ivan Sergejeviç Turgenjev – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ivan Sergejeviç Turgenjev" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургењев – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Иван Тургењев" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenjev" title="Ivan Turgenjev – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ivan Turgenjev" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇవాన్ తుర్గేనెవ్ – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇవాన్ తుర్గేనెవ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургенев – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Иван Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9F" title="อีวาน ตูร์เกนเยฟ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อีวาน ตูร์เกนเยฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0van_Turgenyev" title="İvan Turgenyev – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İvan Turgenyev" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Иван Тургенев – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Иван Тургенев" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%94%D0%B2_%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Тургенєв Іван Сергійович – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тургенєв Іван Сергійович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%81" title="ایوان ترگنیف – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایوان ترگنیف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergeyevich_Turgenev" title="Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Turgenev" title="Ivan Turgenev – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ivan Turgenev" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%A8%8A%C2%B7%E5%9C%9F%E5%81%A5%E6%97%A5%E5%A4%AB" title="伊樊·土健日夫 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊樊·土健日夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ივანე ტურგენევი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ივანე ტურგენევი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="屠格涅夫 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="屠格涅夫" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Sergeyevich_Turgenev" title="Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="屠格涅夫 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="屠格涅夫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42831#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E4%25BC%258A%25E4%25B8%2587%25C2%25B7%25E5%25B1%25A0%25E6%25A0%25BC%25E6%25B6%2585%25E5%25A4%25AB"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E4%25BC%258A%25E4%25B8%2587%25C2%25B7%25E5%25B1%25A0%25E6%25A0%25BC%25E6%25B6%2585%25E5%25A4%25AB"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><span class="fn">伊万·屠格涅夫<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">Иван Тургенев</span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Turgenev_Perov_scanned.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Turgenev_Perov_scanned.JPG/220px-Turgenev_Perov_scanned.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Turgenev_Perov_scanned.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="375" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">屠格涅夫像，彼罗夫1872年作</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1818-11-09</span>)</span>1818年11月9日<br /><span class="birthplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯帝国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%BB%96%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="奥廖尔">奥廖尔</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">1883年9月3日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1883歲—09—03</span>)</span>（64歲）<br /><span class="deathplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法蘭西第三共和國">法國</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%BA%B3-%E7%93%A6%E5%85%B9%E7%9C%81" title="塞纳-瓦兹省">塞纳-瓦兹省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%97%A5%E7%93%A6%E5%8B%92" title="布日瓦勒">布日瓦勒</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">職業</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;;">作家</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">文學運動</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="现实主义文学">现实主义</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">代表作</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%8E%E4%BA%BA%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0" title="猎人笔记">猎人笔记</a>》• 《<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B6%E8%88%87%E5%AD%90_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA)" title="父與子 (小說)">父与子</a>》•《村居一月》</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">簽名</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev_Signature.svg/150px-Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev_Signature.svg/225px-Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev_Signature.svg/300px-Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="345" data-file-height="141" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>伊万·谢尔盖耶维奇·屠格涅夫</b>（俄语：<span lang="ru">Ива́н Серге́евич Турге́нев</span>，<small><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="俄語羅馬化">羅馬化</a>：</small><span lang="ru-Latn" title="俄語羅馬化">Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev</span>，<small>發音：</small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209503">.mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Linux Libertine","Segoe UI","Lucida Sans Unicode","Code2000","Gentium","Gentium Alternative","TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Arial Unicode MS","IPAPANNEW","Chrysanthi Unicode","GentiumAlt","Bitstream Vera","Bitstream Cyberbit","Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro","Lucida Grande",sans-serif;text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .IPA a:link,.mw-parser-output .IPA a:visited{text-decoration:none!important}</style><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:俄語國際音標">[ɪˈvan sʲɪrˈɡʲeɪvʲɪtɕ tʊrˈɡʲenʲɪf]</a></span>；<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%9B%86" class="mw-redirect" title="公曆">公曆</a>1818年11月9日—1883年9月3日，合<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E7%95%A5%E6%9B%86" title="儒略曆">儒略曆</a>1818年10月28日－1883年8月22日），<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="俄国">俄国</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="现实主义">现实主义</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="小说家">小说家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97%E4%BA%BA" title="诗人">诗人</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%A7%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6" title="剧作家">剧作家</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="早年求学"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E5.B9.B4.E6.B1.82.E5.AD.A6"></span>早年求学</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：早年求学"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>屠格涅夫生于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄国</a>奥廖尔省<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%BB%96%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="奥廖尔">奥廖尔</a>一个旧式富裕家庭，父亲是一个骑兵团团长，十六岁的时候父亲去世。屠格涅夫的妈妈脾气很不好，经常打骂自己的孩子。屠格涅夫进入<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="莫斯科大学">莫斯科大学</a>学习一年，随后转入<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%E5%A0%A1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="圣彼得堡大学">圣彼得堡大学</a>学习经典著作、俄国文学和<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="哲学">哲学</a>。1838年前往<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E6%B4%AA%E5%A0%A1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="柏林洪堡大學">柏林大学</a>学习<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="黑格尔">黑格尔</a>哲学。在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>屠格涅夫见到了更加现代化的社会制度，被视为“欧化”的知识分子，主张俄国学习西方，废除包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E5%A5%B4%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="农奴制">农奴制</a>在内的封建制度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="创作"><span id=".E5.88.9B.E4.BD.9C"></span>创作</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：创作"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IvanTurgenev.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/IvanTurgenev.jpeg/220px-IvanTurgenev.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/IvanTurgenev.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="396" /></a><figcaption>伊万·谢尔盖耶维奇·屠格涅夫的<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A7%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="照片">照片</a>，由<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%B8%AB" title="攝影師">攝影師</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nadar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nadar（页面不存在）">Nadar</a>拍攝</figcaption></figure> <p>屠格涅夫对自己母亲的专横和虐待农奴的行为很不满，常常与农民和农奴交谈。他庄园的一个农奴常给屠格涅夫读<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%88%97%E5%85%8B%E8%B0%A2%E8%80%B6%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E6%B6%85%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%A2%E5%A4%AB" title="尼古拉·阿列克谢耶维奇·涅克拉索夫">涅克拉索夫</a>的诗歌，屠格涅夫非常喜欢，写了一些诗歌和特写，被<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%AB%E6%9E%97%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="别林斯基">别林斯基</a>读到。别林斯基非常赞赏其中表现出的天赋。在别林斯基关怀下，1852年屠格涅夫发表了自己的特写集《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%8E%E4%BA%BA%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0" title="猎人笔记">猎人笔记</a>》。这是几年来他观察平民生活，和各界人士交谈等生活经验的提取。作者借一个<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%8E%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="猎人">猎人</a>的视角，站在温和的民主主义立场，对俄罗斯农民的遭遇进行了真实而富有诗意的描写，同时给予了深厚的同情。这部作品被社会各阶层广泛阅读，当时正在考虑农奴制度改革的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%9A%87" title="沙皇">沙皇</a>也对其非常赞赏。 </p><p>1855年屠格涅夫发表著名剧本《村中一月》，开始逐渐关心知识分子与贵族的冲突问题。1856年他发表小说《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BA%AD" title="罗亭">罗亭</a>》，塑造了一个具有革命激情，但是缺乏行动的小贵族的叛逆者的形象。1859年屠格涅夫发表《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F%E4%B9%8B%E5%AE%B6_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4)" title="贵族之家 (小说)">貴族之家</a>》。1860年他发表小说《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E5%A4%9C_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前夜 (小說)（页面不存在）">前夜</a>》，塑造了一个革命者英扎罗夫的形象，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%83%E7%BD%97%E7%95%99%E6%B3%A2%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="杜勃罗留波夫">杜勃罗留波夫</a>非常看重这篇小说，发表了著名评论《真正的白天何时到来？》——断言“前夜离随之而来的白天总是不远的”，认为屠格涅夫描绘了革命的前夜。屠格涅夫不同意这一断语，希望<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%88%97%E5%85%8B%E8%B0%A2%E8%80%B6%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E6%B6%85%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%A2%E5%A4%AB" title="尼古拉·阿列克谢耶维奇·涅克拉索夫">涅克拉索夫</a>不要发表这篇评论，涅克拉索夫没有同意，导致了屠格涅夫和《现代人》杂志的决裂。 </p><p>1862年屠格涅夫发表《<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B6%E8%88%87%E5%AD%90_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA)" title="父與子 (小說)">父与子</a>》，主人公巴扎罗夫狂傲，重视行动，重视科学实验。是作者假想的新人形象，但是遭到民主派的抨击。 </p><p>1860年代后期，他长年居住在国外。他结识了许多外国著名作家，如他与法国作家<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%A1%91" title="乔治·桑">乔治·桑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E6%A5%BC%E6%8B%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="福楼拜">福楼拜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="都德">都德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E6%8B%89" class="mw-redirect" title="左拉">左拉</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%B3%8A%E6%A1%91" class="mw-redirect" title="莫泊桑">莫泊桑</a>等人关系密切。他向<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AC%A7" title="西欧">西欧</a>介绍<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="俄罗斯文学">俄罗斯文学</a>，特别是<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E5%B8%8C%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="普希金">普希金</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="列夫·托尔斯泰">列夫·托尔斯泰</a>的作品。60年代，他创作了长篇小说《烟》（1867）。 </p><p>70年代，屠格涅夫定居<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>。期间他创作了一系列“回忆的中篇小说”，如《草原上的李尔王》、《普宁与巴布宁》和《春潮》等。1877年他发表了最后一部长篇小说《处女地》。 </p><p>在生命的最后几年里，远离祖国的屠格涅夫在病榻上写了83篇<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87%E8%A9%A9" title="散文詩">散文诗</a>表达了他暮年的情怀。《散文诗》是他整个生命和艺术的总结，融汇了他一生创作的特点：爱国主义、民主精神、悲观情绪、真诚、善良；敏锐、抒情、哲理、简洁。它既是他人格的写照，又是他艺术的结晶；既是他思想和情感的履历表，又是他全部创作的大纲。 </p><p>1883年9月3日他病逝于<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E" title="巴黎">巴黎</a>。根据他生前的遗嘱，遗体被运回俄国安葬在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%E5%A0%A1" title="圣彼得堡">圣彼得堡</a>的沃尔科夫墓地的别林斯基墓旁。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="主要作品"><span id=".E4.B8.BB.E8.A6.81.E4.BD.9C.E5.93.81"></span>主要作品</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：主要作品"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="長篇小說"><span id=".E9.95.B7.E7.AF.87.E5.B0.8F.E8.AA.AA"></span>長篇小說</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：長篇小說"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BA%AD" title="罗亭">罗亭</a>》（1856），由<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E8%A0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="陸蠡">陸蠡</a>翻譯成中文。</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%9C%9E" title="阿霞">阿霞</a>》（1858）</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F%E4%B9%8B%E5%AE%B6_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4)" title="贵族之家 (小说)">貴族之家</a>》（1859）</li> <li>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E5%A4%9C_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前夜 (小說)（页面不存在）">前夜</a>》（1860）</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B6%E8%88%87%E5%AD%90_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA)" title="父與子 (小說)">父与子</a>》（1862）耿济之译，商务印书馆1922年1月初版</li> <li>《烟》（1867），由<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E8%A0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="陸蠡">陸蠡</a>翻譯成中文。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中短篇小說"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E7.9F.AD.E7.AF.87.E5.B0.8F.E8.AA.AA"></span>中短篇小說</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：中短篇小說"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%8E%E4%BA%BA%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0" title="猎人笔记">猎人笔记</a>》(1852)－耿济之译，原译名《猎人日记》1921年－1924年在《小说月报》上连载，1936年耿济之重新校订，上海文化生活出版社初版</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E6%81%8B_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4)" title="初恋 (小说)">初恋</a>》（1860）</li> <li>《春潮》(1872)</li> <li>《普寧和巴布林》(1874)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="劇本"><span id=".E5.8A.87.E6.9C.AC"></span>劇本</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：劇本"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《貴族長的早餐》(1846)</li> <li>《繩在細處斷》（俄语：Где тонко, там и рвется） (1847)</li> <li>《單身漢》(1849)</li> <li>《村居一月》(1850)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="作品翻拍之電影"><span id=".E4.BD.9C.E5.93.81.E7.BF.BB.E6.8B.8D.E4.B9.8B.E9.9B.BB.E5.BD.B1"></span>作品翻拍之電影</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：作品翻拍之電影"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《春潮》〔1989〕</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="风格与评价"><span id=".E9.A3.8E.E6.A0.BC.E4.B8.8E.E8.AF.84.E4.BB.B7"></span>风格与评价</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：风格与评价"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>他擅長細膩的心理描寫和抒情；他的小說結构嚴整，情節緊湊，人物刻画生動尤其是女性藝術形象，描寫的大自然充滿詩情畫意。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相关的多媒体资源：<b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2?uselang=zh">Ivan Turgenev</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ivan_Turgenev" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ivan Turgenev"><span style="font-weight:bold;">伊万·屠格涅夫</span></a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E4%BC%8A%E5%87%A1%C2%B7%E8%AC%9D%E7%88%BE%E8%93%8B%E8%80%B6%E7%B6%AD%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" class="extiw" title="s:Author:伊凡·謝爾蓋耶維奇·屠格涅夫">Author:伊凡·謝爾蓋耶維奇·屠格涅夫</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%AD%E5%BD%95" title="维基语录">维基语录</a>上的<b><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E6%A0%BC%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" class="extiw" title="q:屠格涅夫">屠格涅夫语录</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/author/Turgenev,+Ivan+Sergeevich">伊万·屠格涅夫的作品</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%A8%B0%E5%A0%A1%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="古騰堡計劃">古騰堡計劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>中<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%20Sergeyevich%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%20S%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20I%2E%20S%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ivan%20Sergeyevich%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ivan%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22I%2E%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ivan%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ivan%20Sergeyevich%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ivan%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22I%2E%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22I%2E%20Sergeyevich%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%20Sergeyevich%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%20S%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20I%2E%20S%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20I%2E%20Sergeyevich%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ivan%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ivan%20Sergeyevich%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ivan%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20title%3A%22I%2E%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ivan%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ivan%20Sergeyevich%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ivan%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20description%3A%22I%2E%20S%2E%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%20Sergeyevich%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%20S%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ivan%20Turgenev%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Turgenev%2C%20Ivan%22%29%20OR%20%28%221818-1883%22%20AND%20Turgenev%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">伊万·屠格涅夫的作品或与之相关的作品</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Speaker_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/20px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/40px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> 來自<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/1364">伊万·屠格涅夫</a>的<a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a>公共領域有聲讀物</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stihipoeta.ru/poety-zolotogo-veka/ivan-turgenev/">Ivan Turgenev poetry</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201124144943/http://stihipoeta.ru/poety-zolotogo-veka/ivan-turgenev/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilibrary.ru/author/turgenev/index.html">Online archive of Turgenev's novels in the original Russian</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201126073430/http://ilibrary.ru/author/turgenev/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az.lib.ru/t/turgenew_i_s/">Turgenev's works</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080317000911/http://az.lib.ru/t/turgenew_i_s/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turgenev.org.ru/index.html">Turgenev Society</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200821205332/http://www.turgenev.org.ru/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tourgueniev.fr/">Turgenev Museum in Bougival</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110309010109/http://www.tourgueniev.fr/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucalgary.ca/~zekulin/tbibl/index.html">Turgenev Bibliography 1983–</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20091101083607/https://www.ucalgary.ca/~zekulin/tbibl/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） by Nicholas Žekulin</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061128141953/http://eis.bris.ac.uk/~rurap/novelsof.htm">The Novels of Ivan Turgenev: Symbols and Emblems</a> by Richard Peace</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161221051740/https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/t/turgenev/ivan/t93s/index.html">Text of <i></i></a><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sportsman%27s_Sketches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Sportsman's Sketches（页面不存在）">A Sportsman's Sketches</a></i>, in English as translated from the Russian</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albany.edu/offcourse/issue41/cigale_translations1.html#TURGENEV">English translations of 4 Poetic Miniatures</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200809163951/http://www.albany.edu/offcourse/issue41/cigale_translations1.html#TURGENEV">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academia.edu/3272745/Translations_of_4_late_prose_poems_by_Ivan_Turgenev_and_4_poems_by_Konstantin_Balmont">English translations of 4 late Prose Poems</a></li> <li>English translation of eight late prose poems by Alexander Stillmark in Modern Poetry in Translation, No.11 (1997).</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/47302/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121296582">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/41847346">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdRrT8mpbc3RmdQWkyWXd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90054676">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000041393">智利</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX944874">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119269157">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119269157">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000039627">阿根廷</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058522735306706">加泰罗尼亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metadata.ncl.edu.tw/blstkmc/blst2ndtp?PAGE=authorDetail&authCode=AC000128640">台湾</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118643010">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Turgenev, Ivan Sergeevič"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV001112">意大利</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007268999905171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000061458">芬兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14284552">比利时</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" 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href="http://opac.nlc.cn/F/?func=accref&acc_sequence=003976720">中国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record78299">希腊</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199627967">韩国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000011649&local_base=nsk10">克罗地亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068408552">荷兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810635889805606">波兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/41500">葡萄牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=000082047&CON_LNG=ENG">俄罗斯</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/23394">梵蒂冈</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00245008?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">艺术家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/6727a7fb-8609-417e-a5e9-bcc99b8b062f">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.victorianresearch.org/atcl/show_author.php?aid=1966">AtCL</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.calis.edu.cn/aopac/ajsp/detail.jsp?actionfrom=1&actl=CAL++n2004347597">CALIS</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118643010.html?language=en">德意志传记</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.library.sh.cn/entity/person/rimc964yxog4t9nx.html">SHL</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1211207">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Turgenev, Ivan Sergeevič, 1818-1883"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/en/conor/10586979">CONOR</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/144815">RISM</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6bk1j34">SNAC</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027166929">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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