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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="كارولاينا ريبر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كارولاينا ريبر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Каралінскі жнец – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каралінскі жнец" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper_(%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AC)" title="Carolina Reaper (πιπεριά) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Carolina Reaper (πιπεριά)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%B1" title="کارولینا ریپر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارولینا ریپر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EB%A1%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98_%EB%A6%AC%ED%8D%BC" title="캐롤라이나 리퍼 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캐롤라이나 리퍼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_reaper" title="Carolina reaper – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carolina reaper" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AD%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC" title="キャロライナ・リーパー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キャロライナ・リーパー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Каролинский жнец – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каролинский жнец" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Каролінський жнець – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Каролінський жнець" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Carolina Reaper" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BE%85%E8%90%8A%E7%B4%8D%E6%AD%BB%E7%A5%9E" title="卡羅萊納死神 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡羅萊納死神" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15427475#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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searchaux" style="display:none">Exceptionally hot cultivar of C. chinense pepper plant</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biota"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above cultivar" style="background:palegreen;">Carolina Reaper</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolina_Reaper_pepper_pods_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Carolina_Reaper_pepper_pods_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Carolina_Reaper_pepper_pods_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Carolina_Reaper_pepper_pods_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Carolina_Reaper_pepper_pods_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Carolina_Reaper_pepper_pods_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Carolina_Reaper_pepper_pods_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1539" data-file-height="847" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">Species</a></th><td class="infobox-data binominal" style="min-width:50%;line-height:1.3em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_chinense" title="Capsicum chinense">Capsicum chinense</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)#Hybrid_plants" title="Hybrid (biology)">Hybrid parentage</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="min-width:50%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Naga_Viper_pepper" title="Naga Viper pepper">Naga pepper</a> x <a href="/wiki/Habanero" title="Habanero">Habanero</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.5em;">Breeder</th><td class="infobox-data" style="min-width:50%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Currie" title="Ed Currie">Ed Currie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.5em;">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data" style="min-width:50%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Fort_Mill,_South_Carolina" title="Fort Mill, South Carolina">Fort Mill, South Carolina</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="min-width:50%;line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Heat</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chilli55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Chilli55.svg/66px-Chilli55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="66" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Chilli55.svg/100px-Chilli55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Chilli55.svg/131px-Chilli55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> Exceptionally hot</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Scoville_scale" title="Scoville scale">Scoville scale</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,641,183 SHU</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Carolina Reaper</b> <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivar</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_chinense" title="Capsicum chinense">Capsicum chinense</a></i> plant. Developed by American breeder <a href="/wiki/Ed_Currie" title="Ed Currie">Ed Currie</a>, the pepper is red and gnarled, with a bumpy texture and small pointed tail. It was the <a href="/wiki/Hottest_chili_pepper" title="Hottest chili pepper">hottest chili pepper</a> in the world according to <i><a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a></i> from 2013 to 2023 before it was surpassed by <a href="/wiki/Pepper_X" title="Pepper X">Pepper X</a>, which was also developed by Currie. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currie, an American breeder, began working in about 2001 on what would become the Carolina Reaper. It took over 10 years to develop.<sup id="cite_ref-Floyd_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Floyd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AU_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AU-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sorting through hundreds of hybrid combinations, Currie was finally successful at crossing a "really nastily hot" <a href="/wiki/La_Soufri%C3%A8re_(Saint_Vincent)" title="La Soufrière (Saint Vincent)">La Soufrière (Saint Vincent)</a> <a href="/wiki/Habanero_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Habanero pepper">Habanero pepper</a> from the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent and a <a href="/wiki/Naga_Morich" title="Naga Morich">Naga pepper</a> from Pakistan".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AU_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AU-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Floyd_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Floyd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During November of that year, a reporter from <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> visited Currie to try the new pepper. According to Currie's website: "The reporter ate a small piece of the pepper, rolled around on the floor, hallucinated, and then shared his experiences with the national media."<sup id="cite_ref-AU_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AU-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currie officially named the pepper: "Smokin' Ed's Carolina Reaper". The word "reaper" was chosen by Currie due to the shape of the pepper's "sickle-like" tail.<sup id="cite_ref-prilava_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prilava-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Details">Details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolina_Reaper_30_days_old.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Carolina_Reaper_30_days_old.JPG/170px-Carolina_Reaper_30_days_old.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Carolina_Reaper_30_days_old.JPG/255px-Carolina_Reaper_30_days_old.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Carolina_Reaper_30_days_old.JPG/340px-Carolina_Reaper_30_days_old.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3060" data-file-height="2040" /></a><figcaption>Carolina Reaper plant at 30 days</figcaption></figure> <p>The Carolina Reaper was certified as the world's hottest chili pepper by <i>Guinness World Records</i> on August 11, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-GWR_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GWR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Testing was conducted by <a href="/wiki/Winthrop_University" title="Winthrop University">Winthrop University</a> in South Carolina during the certification process which showed an average heat level of 1,641,183 <a href="/wiki/Scoville_scale" title="Scoville scale">SHU</a> for a given batch.<sup id="cite_ref-GWR_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GWR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-latimes_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously the record for the hottest pepper had been held by the <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Scorpion_Butch_T_pepper" title="Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper">scorpion pepper</a> which measured in at 1,463,700 SHU in comparison.<sup id="cite_ref-latimes_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later claimed through media outlets such as the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> that an individual Carolina Reaper had a heat level of 2.2 million SHU.<sup id="cite_ref-latimes_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AP_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currie eventually bred an even stronger pepper—known as "<a href="/wiki/Pepper_X" title="Pepper X">Pepper X</a>"—that took the title of "World's Hottest Pepper" on August 23, 2023 that was tested indicating an average rating of 2.69 million SHUs.<sup id="cite_ref-gwr2_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gwr2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gwr3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gwr3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mature_Carolina_Reaper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mature_Carolina_Reaper.jpg/170px-Mature_Carolina_Reaper.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mature_Carolina_Reaper.jpg/255px-Mature_Carolina_Reaper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mature_Carolina_Reaper.jpg/340px-Mature_Carolina_Reaper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1924" data-file-height="2109" /></a><figcaption>Mature plant</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pungency">Pungency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pungency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Reaper has been described as having a fruity taste, with the initial bite being sweet and then immediately turning to "molten lava."<sup id="cite_ref-prilava_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prilava-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-smithers_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithers-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sensory heat or <a href="/wiki/Pungency" title="Pungency">pungency</a> detected when eating a Carolina Reaper derives from the density of <a href="/wiki/Capsaicinoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Capsaicinoid">capsaicinoids</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Capsaicin" title="Capsaicin">capsaicin</a>, which relates directly to the intensity of chili pepper heat and <a href="/wiki/Scoville_scale" title="Scoville scale">Scoville Heat Units (SHU)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For growing, the pepper has been described as "...a good all-rounder to try at home..." by <a href="/wiki/James_Wong_(ethnobotanist)" title="James Wong (ethnobotanist)">James Wong</a>, an English <a href="/wiki/Ethnobotanist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnobotanist">ethnobotanist</a>, who stated that they require growing temperatures of at least 18 °C (64 °F). He suggested growing the plants in 30–40 cm (12–16 in) pots to restrict growth and produce fruit sooner.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When fully ripe, two peppers occupy the palm of the hand.<sup id="cite_ref-smithers_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithers-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Chip_Challenge" title="One Chip Challenge">One Chip Challenge</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His newly invented pepper was initially known as "HP22B" when first grown by Currie sometime in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This higher end number however was never confirmed by <i>Guinness World Records</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-GWR_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GWR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Floyd-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Floyd_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Floyd_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Floyd2016" class="citation book cs1">David Floyd (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JfN0DQAAQBAJ&dq=HP22B&pg=PT315">"101: Carolina Reaper (HP22B)"</a>. <i>101 Chillies to Try Before You Die</i>. Octopus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781844038657" title="Special:BookSources/9781844038657"><bdi>9781844038657</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=101%3A+Carolina+Reaper+%28HP22B%29&rft.btitle=101+Chillies+to+Try+Before+You+Die&rft.pub=Octopus&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781844038657&rft.au=David+Floyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJfN0DQAAQBAJ%26dq%3DHP22B%26pg%3DPT315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AU-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AU_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AU_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AU_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://puckerbuttpeppercompany.com/about-us/">"About Us"</a>. PuckerButt Pepper Co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150223121242/https://puckerbuttpeppercompany.com/about-us/">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2021</span>. <q>Smokin' Ed gained the pepper industry's attention in November 2011 when an NPR Reporter stopped by to eat an HP22B pepper–now known as Smokin' Ed's Carolina Reaper®.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=PuckerButt+Pepper+Co&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpuckerbuttpeppercompany.com%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZucchino2014" class="citation news cs1">Zucchino, David (November 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-reaper-pepper-20141127-story.html#">"From Pot To Hot: How a grower produced world's most fiery chile pepper"</a>. <i>LA Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210930173714/https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-reaper-pepper-20141127-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2021</span>. <q>It took 12 years of crossbreeding for Currie to reach the pinnacle of the pepper world. He said he tested hundreds of hybrid combinations before finally crossing a "really nastily hot" La Soufriere pepper from the Caribbean island of St. Vincent and a Naga pepper from Pakistan to create Smokin Ed's Carolina Reaper—"a tidal wave of scorching fire," as the PuckerButt website puts it.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LA+Times&rft.atitle=From+Pot+To+Hot%3A+How+a+grower+produced+world%27s+most+fiery+chile+pepper&rft.date=2014-11-27&rft.aulast=Zucchino&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fnation%2Fla-na-reaper-pepper-20141127-story.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2013/11/confirmed-smokin-eds-carolina-reaper-sets-new-record-for-hottest-chilli-53033">"Confirmed: Smokin Ed's Carolina Reaper sets new record for hottest chilli"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Confirmed%3A+Smokin+Ed%27s+Carolina+Reaper+sets+new+record+for+hottest+chilli&rft.pub=Guinness+world+records&rft.date=2013-11-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fnews%2F2013%2F11%2Fconfirmed-smokin-eds-carolina-reaper-sets-new-record-for-hottest-chilli-53033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-prilava-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-prilava_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-prilava_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTu_Chau2016" class="citation web cs1">Tu Chau (August 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-08-18/eating-carolina-reaper-pepper-eating-molten-lava">"Eating the 'Carolina Reaper' pepper is 'like eating molten lava'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Pri</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308151830/https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-08-18/eating-carolina-reaper-pepper-eating-molten-lava">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guinness+World+Records&rft.atitle=Pepper+X+dethrones+Carolina+Reaper+as+world%27s+hottest+chilli+pepper&rft.date=2023-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fguinnessworldrecords.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F10%2Fpepper-x-dethrones-carolina-reaper-as-worlds-hottest-chilli-pepper-759706&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smithers-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-smithers_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-smithers_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmithers2016" class="citation news cs1">Smithers, Rebecca (July 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/jul/19/worlds-strongest-chilli-carolina-reaper-on-sale-uk-high-street">"UK shoppers to feel the heat as world's strongest chilli hits the high street"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210205162023/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/jul/19/worlds-strongest-chilli-carolina-reaper-on-sale-uk-high-street">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=UK+shoppers+to+feel+the+heat+as+world%27s+strongest+chilli+hits+the+high+street&rft.date=2016-07-16&rft.aulast=Smithers&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2016%2Fjul%2F19%2Fworlds-strongest-chilli-carolina-reaper-on-sale-uk-high-street&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagyDaoodAmbrózyHelyes2015" class="citation journal cs1">Nagy, Z; Daood, H; Ambrózy, Z; Helyes, L (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4606152">"Determination of Polyphenols, Capsaicinoids, and Vitamin C in New Hybrids of Chili Peppers"</a>. <i>Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry</i>. <b>2015</b>: 102125. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1155%2F2015%2F102125">10.1155/2015/102125</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4606152">4606152</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26495153">26495153</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Analytical+Methods+in+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Polyphenols%2C+Capsaicinoids%2C+and+Vitamin+C+in+New+Hybrids+of+Chili+Peppers&rft.volume=2015&rft.pages=102125&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4606152%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26495153&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1155%2F2015%2F102125&rft.aulast=Nagy&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.au=Daood%2C+H&rft.au=Ambr%C3%B3zy%2C+Z&rft.au=Helyes%2C+L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4606152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2016" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Wong_(ethnobotanist)" title="James Wong (ethnobotanist)">Wong, James</a> (February 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/feb/28/gardens-hottest-chilli-carolina-reaper-james-wong?CMP=share_btn_tw">"Gardens: the hottest chilli ever grown"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309015426/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/feb/28/gardens-hottest-chilli-carolina-reaper-james-wong?CMP=share_btn_tw">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Gardens%3A+the+hottest+chilli+ever+grown&rft.date=2016-02-28&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2016%2Ffeb%2F28%2Fgardens-hottest-chilli-carolina-reaper-james-wong%3FCMP%3Dshare_btn_tw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolina+Reaper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolina_Reaper&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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href="/wiki/Template:Capsicum_cultivars" title="Template:Capsicum cultivars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Capsicum_cultivars" title="Template talk:Capsicum cultivars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Capsicum_cultivars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Capsicum cultivars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capsicum_cultivars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Capsicum_cultivars" title="List of Capsicum cultivars"><i>Capsicum</i> cultivars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>annuum</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almora_Lakhori_Mirchi" title="Almora Lakhori Mirchi">Almora Lakhori Mirchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_pepper" title="Aleppo pepper">Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baklouti_pepper" title="Baklouti pepper">Baklouti pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_pepper" title="Banana pepper">Banana pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banaras_Lal_Bharwamirch_(Red_Pickle_Chilli)" class="mw-redirect" title="Banaras Lal Bharwamirch (Red Pickle Chilli)">Banaras Lal Bharwamirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Dam_pepper" title="Beaver Dam pepper">Beaver Dam pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhiwapur_Chilli" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhiwapur Chilli">Bhiwapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_eye_chili" title="Bird's eye chili">Bird's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byadagi_chilli" title="Byadagi chilli">Byadagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascabel_chili" title="Cascabel chili">Cascabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Cayenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheongyang_chili_pepper" title="Cheongyang chili pepper">Cheongyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilaca">Chilaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubanelle" title="Cubanelle">Cubanelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile_de_%C3%A1rbol" title="Chile de árbol">De árbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diavoletto_d%27Abruzzo" title="Diavoletto d'Abruzzo">Diavoletto d'Abruzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundicut" title="Dundicut">Dundicut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edayur_chilli" title="Edayur chilli"> Edayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Er_jing_tiao" title="Er jing tiao">Er jing tiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espelette_pepper" title="Espelette pepper">Espelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facing_heaven_pepper" title="Facing heaven pepper">Facing heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friggitello" title="Friggitello">Friggitello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guajillo_chili" title="Guajillo chili">Guajillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntur_Sannam" title="Guntur Sannam">Guntur Sannam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmal_chilli" title="Harmal chilli">Harmal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wax_pepper" title="Hungarian wax pepper">Hungarian wax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">Jalapeño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_red_chilli" title="Kashmiri red chilli">Kashmiri red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khola_chilli" title="Khola chilli">Khola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_chili_pepper" title="Korean chili pepper">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa_pepper" title="Medusa pepper">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulato_pepper" title="Mulato pepper">Mulato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandurbar_Mirchi" title="Nandurbar Mirchi">Nandurbar Mirchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_chile" title="New Mexico chile">New Mexico chile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Jim_pepper" title="Big Jim pepper">Big Jim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimayo_pepper" title="Chimayo pepper">Chimayó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_chile" title="Fresno chile">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_No._9" title="New Mexico No. 9">No. 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandia_pepper" title="Sandia pepper">Sandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_Grande_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Fe Grande pepper">Santa Fe Grande</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padr%C3%B3n_pepper" title="Padrón pepper">Padrón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasilla" title="Pasilla">Pasilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_pepper" title="Peter pepper">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peperone_crusco" title="Peperone crusco">Peperone crusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimiento" title="Pimiento">Pimiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poblano" title="Poblano">Poblano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramnathapuram_Mundu_chilli" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramnathapuram Mundu chilli">Ramnathapuram Mundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serrano_pepper" title="Serrano pepper">Serrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishito" title="Shishito">Shishito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siling_haba" title="Siling haba">Siling haba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirarakhong_Hathei_chilli" title="Sirarakhong Hathei chilli">Sirarakhong Hathei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>glabriusculum</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pequin_pepper" title="Pequin pepper">Piquín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum">Wild chiltepin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_chinense" title="Capsicum chinense">C. chinense</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjuma" title="Adjuma">Adjuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aj%C3%AD_dulce" title="Ají dulce">Ají dulce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhut_jolokia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhut jolokia">Bhut jolokia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carolina Reaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_habanero" title="Chocolate habanero">Chocolate habanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datil_pepper" title="Datil pepper">Datil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_Breath_(chili_pepper)" title="Dragon's Breath (chili pepper)">Dragon's Breath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatalii" title="Fatalii">Fatalii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habanaga" title="Habanaga">Habanaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habanero" title="Habanero">Habanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_yellow_lantern_chili" title="Hainan yellow lantern chili">Hainan yellow lantern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infinity_chili" title="Infinity chili">Infinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Jeanette" title="Madame Jeanette">Madame Jeanette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagabon" title="Nagabon">Nagabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Mircha" title="Naga Mircha">Naga Mircha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Morich" title="Naga Morich">Naga Morich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Savina_pepper" title="Red Savina pepper">'Red Savina' habanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_bonnet" title="Scotch bonnet">Scotch bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Moruga_scorpion" title="Trinidad Moruga scorpion">Trinidad Moruga scorpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Scorpion_Butch_T_pepper" title="Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper">Trinidad scorpion 'Butch T'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_X" title="Pepper X">Pepper X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_frutescens" title="Capsicum frutescens">C. frutescens</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piri_piri" title="Piri piri">African bird's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kambuzi" title="Kambuzi">Kambuzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siling_labuyo" title="Siling labuyo">Labuyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagueta_pepper" title="Malagueta pepper">Malagueta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_chilli" title="Mizo chilli">Mizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasco_pepper" title="Tabasco pepper">Tabasco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_baccatum" title="Capsicum baccatum">C. baccatum</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aj%C3%AD_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Ají pepper">Ají</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_crown" title="Bishop's crown">Bishop's crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_drop_pepper" title="Lemon drop pepper">Lemon drop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_piquant%C3%A9_pepper" title="Sweet piquanté pepper">Sweet piquanté pepper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_pubescens" title="Capsicum pubescens">C. pubescens</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_pubescens" title="Capsicum pubescens">Rocoto pepper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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