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Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 kalbų</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="تركستان الشرقية – arabų" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تركستان الشرقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99rqi_T%C3%BCrkistan" title="Şərqi Türkistan – azerbaidžaniečių" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şərqi Türkistan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžaniečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دوغو تورکوستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دوغو تورکوستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Көнсығыш Төркөстан – baškirų" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Көнсығыш Төркөстан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Източен Туркестан – bulgarų" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Източен Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="পূর্ব তুর্কিস্তান – bengalų" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পূর্ব তুর্কিস্তান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquestan_Oriental" title="Turquestan Oriental – katalonų" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Turquestan Oriental" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تورکستانی ڕۆژھەڵات – soranių kurdų" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تورکستانی ڕۆژھەڵات" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranių kurdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Earqiy_T%C3%BCrkistan" title="Şarqiy Türkistan – Krymo turkų" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Şarqiy Türkistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krymo turkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%AD_Turkest%C3%A1n" title="Východní Turkestán – čekų" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Východní Turkestán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uy%C4%9Fur%C4%B1stan" title="Uyğurıstan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Uyğurıstan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Ανατολικό Τουρκεστάν – graikų" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανατολικό Τουρκεστάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="graikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Turkestan" title="East Turkestan – anglų" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="East Turkestan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orienta_Turkestano" title="Orienta Turkestano – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Orienta Turkestano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquest%C3%A1n_Oriental" title="Turquestán Oriental – ispanų" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Turquestán Oriental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ida-Turkestan" title="Ida-Turkestan – estų" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ida-Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekialdeko_Turkestan" title="Ekialdeko Turkestan – baskų" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ekialdeko Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C" title="ترکستان شرقی – persų" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترکستان شرقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C3%A4-Turkestan" title="Itä-Turkestan – suomių" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Itä-Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="suomių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan_oriental" title="Turkestan oriental – prancūzų" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Turkestan oriental" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prancūzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Turcast%C3%A1in_Thoir" title="An Turcastáin Thoir – airių" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Turcastáin Thoir" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="airių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquest%C3%A1n_Oriental" title="Turquestán Oriental – galisų" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Turquestán Oriental" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="पूर्व तुर्किस्तान – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पूर्व तुर्किस्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan_Timur_(wilayah)" title="Turkestan Timur (wilayah) – indoneziečių" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Turkestan Timur (wilayah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3" title="東トルキスタン – japonų" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="東トルキスタン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Шығыс Түркістан – kazachų" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шығыс Түркістан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%ED%8A%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84" title="동튀르키스탄 – korėjiečių" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동튀르키스탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korėjiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чыгыш Түркстан – kirgizų" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Чыгыш Түркстан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81" title="ຕວກກີຕາເວັນອອກ – laosiečių" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຕວກກີຕາເວັນອອກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrumturkest%C4%81na" title="Austrumturkestāna – latvių" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Austrumturkestāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Зүүн Туркестан – mongolų" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Зүүн Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan_Timur" title="Turkestan Timur – malajiečių" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Turkestan Timur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oost-Turkestan" title="Oost-Turkestan – olandų" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oost-Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiestan_Chi%C5%84ski" title="Turkiestan Chiński – lenkų" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Turkiestan Chiński" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lenkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="چڑھدا ترکستان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چڑھدا ترکستان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquest%C3%A3o_Oriental" title="Turquestão Oriental – portugalų" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Turquestão Oriental" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Восточный Туркестан – rusų" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Восточный Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Turkestan" title="East Turkestan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="East Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%BD_Turkestan" title="Východný Turkestan – slovakų" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Východný Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96stturkestan" title="Östturkestan – švedų" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Östturkestan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="கிழக்கு துருக்கிஸ்தான் – tamilų" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிழக்கு துருக்கிஸ்தான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%9B%D3%A3" title="Туркистони Шарқӣ – tadžikų" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Туркистони Шарқӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCndogar_T%C3%BCrk%C3%BCstan" title="Gündogar Türküstan – turkmėnų" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gündogar Türküstan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_T%C3%BCrkistan" title="Doğu Türkistan – turkų" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Doğu Türkistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6n%C3%A7%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1%C5%9F_T%C3%B6rkistan" title="Könçığış Törkistan – totorių" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Könçığış Törkistan" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="totorių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%89%D9%8A_%D8%AA%DB%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شەرقىي تۈركىستان – uigūrų" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شەرقىي تۈركىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigūrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Східний Туркестан – ukrainiečių" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Східний Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مشرقی ترکستان – urdų" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مشرقی ترکستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharqiy_Turkiston" title="Sharqiy Turkiston – uzbekų" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sharqiy Turkiston" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Turkestan" title="Đông Turkestan – vietnamiečių" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đông Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="东突厥斯坦 – kinų kalbos vu tarmė" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="东突厥斯坦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos vu tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="vertingas straipsnis"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="东突厥斯坦 – kinų" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="东突厥斯坦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_Turkestan" title="Tang Turkestan – kinų kalbos pietų minų tarmė" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tang Turkestan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/NoFonti.svg/92px-NoFonti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span>  </td> <td><b>Šiam straipsniui ar jo daliai <a href="/wiki/Vikipedija:Patikrinamumas" title="Vikipedija:Patikrinamumas">trūksta išnašų į patikimus šaltinius</a>.</b><br /><small>Jūs galite padėti Vikipedijai pridėdami <a href="/wiki/Vikipedija:%C5%A0altini%C5%B3_nurodymas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikipedija:Šaltinių nurodymas">tinkamas išnašas</a> su šaltiniais.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="toccolours" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; float:right; width:250px; font-size:90%; text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: LimeGreen; text-align: center; color: black;">Turkestano regionas<br /><big>Rytų Turkestanas</big> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding: .25em .5em .25em 0"><b>Vėliava</b> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Kokbayraq_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kokbayraq_flag.svg/70px-Kokbayraq_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kokbayraq_flag.svg/105px-Kokbayraq_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kokbayraq_flag.svg/140px-Kokbayraq_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding: .25em .5em .25em 0">Šalis </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Kinija" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinija">Kinija</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sindziangas" title="Sindziangas">Sindziangas</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding: .25em .5em .25em 0">Tautos </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Uig%C5%ABrai" title="Uigūrai">uigūrai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazachai" title="Kazachai">kazachai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haniai" title="Haniai">haniai</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding: .25em .5em .25em 0"><b>Miestai</b> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Turfanas" title="Turfanas">Turfanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urum%C4%8Di" class="mw-redirect" title="Urumči">Urumči</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuld%C5%BEa" title="Kuldža">Kuldža</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1garas" title="Kašgaras">Kašgaras</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Turkestan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Turkestan.png/250px-Turkestan.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Turkestan.png/375px-Turkestan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Turkestan.png/500px-Turkestan.png 2x" data-file-width="1253" data-file-height="781" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: LimeGreen; font-size:90%; text-align: center; color: black;"><b>Turkestano regionai</b>:<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vakar%C5%B3_Turkestanas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vakarų Turkestanas (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Vakarų Turkestanas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chorezmas" title="Chorezmas">Chorezmas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferganos_sl%C4%97nis" title="Ferganos slėnis">Fergana</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDetisu" title="Žetisu">Žetisu</a>), <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rytų Turkestanas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tarimo_baseinas" title="Tarimo baseinas">Uiguristanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEungarija" title="Džungarija">Džungarija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turfano_baseinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Turfano baseinas">Turfanas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilio_sl%C4%97nis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilio slėnis (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Ilio slėnis</a>) </th></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Rytų Turkestanas</b> (<a href="/wiki/Uig%C5%ABr%C5%B3_kalba" title="Uigūrų kalba">uig.</a> شەرقىي تۈركىستان = <i>Sherqiy Türkistan</i>), dar vadinamas <i><b>Kinų Turkestanu</b></i> – rytinė istorinio <a href="/wiki/Turkestanas" title="Turkestanas">Turkestano</a> regiono dalis, dabar pavaldi <a href="/wiki/KLR" class="mw-redirect" title="KLR">Kinijai</a> ir iš esmės sutampanti su <a href="/wiki/Sindziangas" title="Sindziangas">Sindziango</a> autonominiu regionu. Šį terminą daugiausia vartoja rusų tiurkologai, o dabar – <a href="/wiki/Uig%C5%ABrai" title="Uigūrai">uigūrų</a> nepriklausomybės aktyvistai. Patys uigūrai šį regioną tradiciškai dar vadina <i><b>Kurigaru</b></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografija">Geografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestanas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Geografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestanas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geografija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rytų Turkestanas nėra istoriškai vieningas regionas, ir jo samprata atsirado tik XVIII a., istorinį Turkestaną padalinus į įtakos sritis tarp Kinijos ir Rusijos. Rytų Turkestaną sudaro keturi atskiri kultūriniai regionai, kuriems būdingos skirtingos gamtinės sąlygos ir skirtinga raida: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Alti%C5%A1ahras" class="mw-redirect" title="Altišahras">Altišahras</a></b> apima visų pirma sausringą uždarą sritį, vadinamą <a href="/wiki/Tarimo_baseinas" title="Tarimo baseinas">Tarimo baseinu</a> ir jo pakraščiuose esančias oazes. Taip pat baseiną supančius kalnų masyvus (<a href="/wiki/Kunlunas" title="Kunlunas">Kunluną</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tian_%C5%A0anis" title="Tian Šanis">Tian Šanį</a> ir kt.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jumeno_per%C4%97ja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jumeno perėja (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Jumeno perėja</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Gansu_koridorius" class="mw-redirect" title="Gansu koridorius">Gansu koridorius</a> jungia Altišahrą su <a href="/wiki/Kinija_(regionas)" title="Kinija (regionas)">istorine Kinija</a>. Čia istoriškai vyravo etniniai <a href="/wiki/Uig%C5%ABrai" title="Uigūrai">uigūrai</a>;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Turfano_%C4%AFduba" title="Turfano įduba">Turfano įduba</a></b>, arba Uigūrija, Uiguristanas, apima gilų baseiną į šiaurės rytus nuo Altišahro. Čia istoriškai vyrauja etniniai <a href="/wiki/Uig%C5%ABrai" title="Uigūrai">uigūrai</a>;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEungarija" title="Džungarija">Džungarija</a></b> apima stepių teritorijas į šiaurę nuo Uigūrijos, atskirtas <a href="/wiki/Tian%C5%A1anis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tianšanis">Tianšanio</a> kalnų. Čia istoriškai vyravo etniniai mongolai (<a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEungarai" class="mw-redirect" title="Džungarai">džungarai</a>), dabar vyrauja <a href="/wiki/Kazachai" title="Kazachai">kazachai</a>;</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilio_sl%C4%97nis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilio slėnis (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Ilio slėnis</a></b> nedidelis baseinas, <a href="/wiki/Ilis_(up%C4%97)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilis (upė)">Ilio</a> aukštupis, į šiaurės vakarus nuo Tarimo baseino. Čia vyrauja etniniai kazachai;</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istorija">Istorija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestanas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Istorija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestanas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Istorija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Pagrindinis straipsnis – <a href="/wiki/Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestano_istorija" title="Rytų Turkestano istorija">Rytų Turkestano istorija</a></i>.</div></dd></dl> <p>Regione pradžioje gyveno <a href="/wiki/Gioktiurkai" class="mw-redirect" title="Gioktiurkai">gioktiurkų</a> gentys, kurios sudarė chanatus, vėliau kraštą užėmė <a href="/wiki/Mongolai" title="Mongolai">mongolai</a>. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cagatajaus_chanatas" title="Čagatajaus chanatas">Čagatajaus chanato</a> laikais (<a href="/wiki/XIII_a." class="mw-redirect" title="XIII a.">XIII a.</a>) krašte paplito <a href="/wiki/Islamas" title="Islamas">islamas</a>. <a href="/wiki/1755" class="mw-redirect" title="1755">1755</a> m. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cing%C5%B3_dinastija" title="Čingų dinastija">Čingų dinastijai</a> nugalėjus <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEiungar%C5%B3_chanatas" class="mw-redirect" title="Džiungarų chanatas">Džiungarų chanatą</a>, Rytų Turkestanas pateko kinų valdon. Nuo <a href="/wiki/1764" class="mw-redirect" title="1764">1764</a> m. kinų pradėtas vartoti Sindziango terminas. <a href="/wiki/XIX_a." class="mw-redirect" title="XIX a.">XIX a.</a> dėl įtakos krašte kovojo rusai, kinai ir britai. <a href="/wiki/Kinijos_Respublika" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinijos Respublika">Kinijos Respublikos</a> valdymo metais, uigūrai paskelbė trumpai gyvavusią <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestano_Respublika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rytų Turkestano Respublika (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Rytų Turkestano Respubliką</a> (sostinė – <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1garas" title="Kašgaras">Kašgaras</a>), vėliau ją atkūrė <a href="/wiki/1944" class="mw-redirect" title="1944">1944</a> m. (sostinė – <a href="/wiki/Kuld%C5%BEa" title="Kuldža">Kuldža</a>), bet <a href="/wiki/1949" class="mw-redirect" title="1949">1949</a> m. ji prijungta prie KLR. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nepriklausomybės_siekis"><span id="Nepriklausomyb.C4.97s_siekis"></span>Nepriklausomybės siekis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestanas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nepriklausomybės siekis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryt%C5%B3_Turkestanas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Nepriklausomybės siekis"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Uyghurprotest_DC_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Uyghurprotest_DC_2.jpg/240px-Uyghurprotest_DC_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Uyghurprotest_DC_2.jpg/360px-Uyghurprotest_DC_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Uyghurprotest_DC_2.jpg/480px-Uyghurprotest_DC_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3712" data-file-height="2088" /></a><figcaption>Uigūrų <a href="/wiki/Diaspora" title="Diaspora">diasporos</a> mitingas JAV, kuriuo reikalaujama Rytų Turkestano nepriklausomybės</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/XX_a." class="mw-redirect" title="XX a.">XX a.</a> pab., sugriuvus <a href="/wiki/TSRS" class="mw-redirect" title="TSRS">TSRS</a>, uigūrų tarpe kilo <a href="/wiki/Separatizmas" title="Separatizmas">separatizmo</a> ir pantiurkizmo idėjos, su siekiu atkurti nepriklausomą Rytų Turkestano valstybę. Kinijos valdžia su nepriklausomybės šalininkais susidoroja, motyvuodama „kova su islamo terorizmu“. Pats Rytų Turkestano termino naudojimas Kinijoje yra laikomas separatistiniu ir griežtai ribojamas. </p> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left;width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;;;background:none transparent;border:none;font-size:100%;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablonas:UNPO" title="Šablonas:UNPO"><span title="Žiūrėti šį šabloną" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;font-size:100%;">Ž</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablono_aptarimas:UNPO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šablono aptarimas:UNPO (puslapis neegzistuoja)"><span title="Aptarti šį šabloną" 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