CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "journals.aps.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8f1051081a7d9c5d',cH: 'bc4BcVxady7NqcZLkQduW_nMom6oxdq3IbUBmYcQbiA-1734033793-1.2.1.1-f1_05TgZ7TuvbhFixoiMmq4cdUWhnoe0GYtbvdUCzx1jMw__AHsmd8SR_9zvzQAY',cUPMDTk: "\/prb\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.105.L121107?__cf_chl_tk=JM77kUdVjFrbAv7u9ul3vFhaYB73eiOUVt0ddQFka7k-1734033793-1.0.1.1-mnXAnkQ6VLm2k_9n_z7uOxtljsuAJzFZm2NbR6uzBgc",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1734033793',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/prb\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.105.L121107?__cf_chl_f_tk=JM77kUdVjFrbAv7u9ul3vFhaYB73eiOUVt0ddQFka7k-1734033793-1.0.1.1-mnXAnkQ6VLm2k_9n_z7uOxtljsuAJzFZm2NbR6uzBgc",md: "OeRdJim7bR79oGvodUoGYY8tDSImNzrzj9i8m_MGQyQ-1734033793-1.2.1.1-a7iF0rv.pw62TcwYXNFBhLP7TmISjPlRrciSK_naOAROHVcUq_PLOuU_PpFk52T4dArtmWUAaSn1Oqz6Sv_Z8iXnx..H41dVZAlmxfQFKw70T0pRv_pAJqckLzYpgcpDJm.CLH0dIAMoSQ9FO8D1_xE_KBZff4PdUviZiYksQot9S.2TkkwmK0HEjB3_OVIEx1ja3MECEKutpcM1sJ0fXtAdJ4W825k3dtCSJ5oHw2DQ6eZcQSKu7escBqCyfrjfGyd4XwR4Rc2VDPZSZdUp8Aq41KZUR7OqOT4svjhTJLCHeQXoPO9mZFobjWfffIcrE_M7MsXzNSQtX73xteVQZy.5qzaNWsHcUrSIbzjRKH3b7He2GBz426aVpTyHj3iubibIqLCU2wH_S4DE8Tp6PmqFj8GmIEHq.zba_IbLqaHelxFcculOS7paY1aUntq8Bl9xXSZCMHYFxzJskRrnpaTFP.VnG6Sdxi8XdlSMAleQAEYw.N2XOU6EkVNUJwjsQU6omwzvEww1URGTKBsGyPpdDwYfgZrZch0WK8mO9.yRgSSsPVv433PDxUo0HLNdiVDBALmBqmNU11EYUlYfXOGlnd7k_YK6OYRRqNhtV7oPGxJWZQbNSQSX5bPH1SObxJrotKWZe5K_ZjM54Wj_U0L6vL.wiMdMckJGRBsPZcbla_F1UaPeVuy4UtWAssyMQ3PIgFyyXuVOqsuXh7D7ckZmZn1NbiYd8N8GHn7DcbWP.JYyKwI.FVl0ZABciIGWdz_uUUlLCUWNpTYl3PyHcEecBXibI0309F96p2m0eBTGnSYnUcGzuJvglIEUkMB03.epr6WrHjFMtmSlumLMFl1DoQ96DGuLR8qSjvUMpxAS8MbZV5uB0ZGBlPUjTBaj5piJSxSVEd6ejMl93byqEK1P9jo5v7AWZLrDPyEShtGS_rrrCH9NkLC_PeTQUtg6kFPS3FrM6NEgohSCfvCrxexpG38jo_0N4TBRp1gcoS_N0Df6PT1DKSdj_DAdr_u5FCOFcyCyCj82fYYoHEhf_uSHbfgTEEnvG5_GVmvI5ZSCFij4sSJP2txrBp1_Vui_ujY75Q4vxGfwDgXHTyxcdv9pOkt6l19ZOCJ5TLW3ett3jAY8.2s8wAGiw90ae4uOS8M4DTIpIuhe4dzSuQv6iws4TQxy_OeQEku2C2tCz8PUT3zRfyrUMILMNUSLMNEywnrEfhA3twzbns338CQ15w2waMWjOk_KpfdSRBpR9RA25Nj2ddFNz8crjbA.SRRtGaOImAdrs3WciA8h4e2sF23Kv_EUQOUfJxAjOA.QkJ1aub0Nlkn9df7pfXLPFUIx3Tvz8UvEw5sllrF5jboEXsMFnPg1cb8jlqykELFvvoef96v_2ffRE4GlFe.Y9_0TXxAsdKnH4RWyMzHS_4IVHLBBRIIuUoF5oH_xE2V_R10LtuvkfM0MK5Jwf4SiUGjIPshnhNaTinrBY3tgHs5g.DUnG2i1rpbPrlb4WedrrQDefkJgSKi.5So4qsvBVHxPVvEl3aJyq_8dWYtx9nYpx.KUnQPdmEXJkGSu9vFW8C4enXM47r7sqXxIa.0ZFZnv894JSZTSB79SMwICn3_asdLm.DMOwdvAM5U6NXw1CTKYL06Q6xMdnsoM5gURBm09hLkAknUcIrmkf1VOjZWXdwY6M95SEj7o8PG51ZwDwtXgZzpoRCRcko_bjSpdqmNZQORMdxP2CIniUg1.hSnVhxEV90h1f7CYSvkxgWSq2QdrT2krRL6yyv6cEDHfi.c9tIqA6yTB7.RoVqavFEuquDKlpU6BB6TUHvrtkz.zigB5MFnZfpEWOB127SqqkNLo5eZDKdWuaxSr3bG8dd0jUM9AS3gQBQhMA5M5tsgM9Vm6pSr2IAy8C9SVDXRnWbgP1W3BE3niKXVbxRtlvNkqdCs82ItV7qQa.XD96TQHstkhYxH3UGoGDGvslDgtlVk2lhncJJifMaQQaOEE6s_.bK5LANGTR0Js8q23jcT8t4A9GpZTSgmVNFWCOTjkvN54pBYMOSyZKWhCC6NdmhozMCdqj.gLikgztput9GoWbQX7QBMUcI6TNAxuNweVHg2lsbiadbpd1j.jj7Om177jhe.HcpvX5hehpTU2mkoB2_p8ZKrqRNQ859xpI07qNuS8Iz9r_.mXxFXv5RfUTs_5oCSoj7NdRX_Um0YvrHNKxFWpUl7s5Dmq.W3e4AbTPSmuTjEltcAd0aH.d0nt9Cmq8JTdQP_4HRu6G3kmJ5nxsT20QqpKod_4yOwOKab43vn2zWw_xV4SPAfBvgWISm5EccG1SP3GtTfhX4GCQktp7olczI4kpsXMgFpC.xMclpwqH1q4nWR0uMqeTSEc4bPjPhtro7FYfheLFD10bR4Ac3Dzw2WRf7BDfEhMflgE64yd9JEcLOHRgeI6UaR5bOLt8pB6ZOsbHFJBiLF.ck.rrIGX4RZGMN7FFkwz2JYqnJjtP1yVTt0sgq13chSD7.D9ZmZ888JCuKGJomH37CCWcDpUYT.n7bE87SmEVQ_ZI.Nix975FLjJrSs.tl_N_LKSDQCk_eNNKo7ArjtkVbp6EN8BSiTpWVfZfG.YjqErAro5LDBNwp1nawKY0snRk.rZk4ZgoZM7LzjXnOh2NPKvDtQB5tMggoUFD4072aZrIe5m_fFmOT3gFsL6KnuAHujWiZWzjfjCsdTad3ZElj6u6BvXcV1VCmJSOrav7.L_QKxNY7isT8MK6r4zrJzfJ5tsF_y53cZvgtosbDe6XBKuKfgQc6XEvEqxpDWBeqpWjnsvaJLeA7ZkKTDMArcK1gwKLMMXuf.LQvF0gUi5kiMatSP1PPjL9eZImj7.kdjXp_9O97LUjGXGMSFElmuVTF.wRN8bpqhIsikMUpm.OXNBmVuwplecbfIHbIqHvM1bj18BDO9PffFD43stjk27_nku7xQCSXBT49CfUP_gTf2LIno",mdrd: "MkjiK3bYSsCumIUtTlowFCY._dbtMKsqeGUoBhkvHDo-1734033793-1.2.1.1-yoeIMrZw.FHNuOLHadsnRG25WPwQTYj2gNtuyrfwK2.Yp6etkfMIMKC9qLdWvjLmj5Ubh0EkeWZBFXarpfaTHNJ4GIIgW3VtQzLpueAFIR21CrfV8DNheCbrDvQadpl9c9siD2VO8Z3LiFFS2QdYXLbwT.L8pLeQWulLaLG4JxrxpxFu1EiI1VamxQ8YtAl8sC5ljmlsDaByFK3R0O7_BDyKxQ_aMcNDgZuZsqjowGky_FXJ0_dNRsCSZzyE94awV3RHyFCVvyNtc.3qw54HRr1mhM7lKi06O5xaDPhm22XoTfe4yvonm36gDQuzwl1UhQ2A6qGf1LwofL1E2l4s3YcEROu.q0.C4oU0PO_.c.dnzo1xIXAn_XZg0Ti69Gu.a5LErWsbcd6Nc.Hmv4aBqAka39_FkQZObuy7L8LVIP43GCGZcaWz8cSQuwsSm_GncMV8Ceu3ospKtjBEzQKNpp4b9UQu.DhdeSmAZKq9l23izygOgBN.lRQ_lztp.4uZyb_JwQ79BdLRB0phs5z4SZ0Mood.e2GD3triXrkYEcWBcD.K0xAdiNPC0HD9vvk1x..tX1QCwuF9LQHioAJ.Z288laGHszQPmzrCglXKvN0JbFUA4KlfSDsnYx.sc_oQoZAuY.yovFt08k0tAvBmkl9Z_3wKCzMKb8m1ooZbN3bXC8tnNnOMuDlhhAHF.5TJJtzGjD.umUZLbhAiuIsjlgq3iYswSVwXssfXp55LdL23C9.9416DcDS8PMfxLeH7u09MHV7y1L6Oansu49czCbd2ZqT5a0YYFGuX26ljInNMunpp_9Z69h0P5vCzz1NfiNqrYsbGWxgcCuhyXXhbIroTVQKnGGEgRFjiFJBYFI_.IU5xS8.VrXPdWHVAA1jx68EV1xs.9OG2mNBfVoE9QExRtB38Jwh9qnXD3HnSRfmaB.5d5OHnCOaKXcNWI7LuEIVFP1qLsuHl10Xmu7sPGQ33BhBTLKHmoV1AqNoa40Lo60Z7AAI.3ZNRQjtHZJ0m1bZfEMD7pZxevdqdHbIm1mRg3u1lWubyi1Cv0xx9zQ0kRiBVxF.dWAxExDDOxQ36veIwRIo5XlNAy3zOxnIyYvPA9oFH1gVK1zFwDu.IXmvmfyqWtwKgSfmbdSO74t5V6P6lcoqG0WhFQYwFGjulgd4yRhclZGVUULzPpdZ42MFPK8ociLYaTIf4f53jEaokTvtbha0IrKAcXNIVofloGcLixtURqVlVPqRofAzDLrWlNSJMwKUluSN.gA9sR0vfAUjadN_rxFV9az15cl6lkiOH3kJVQ9JVAZ.rPJOR2xDlfEb1cz9LYd2IewPuYwPHV2rVKNTZX88fLAW_rXHaVftaSsc1UUbQc4el4tcHTTyLkorelW1jOOHqljG_z2gxC.bblhlcfq3brMaglmKZjs_hPmBqFs0YgBQmAPNAskdgMLobVKn7ZIPpy0Z5MIaKlOVXrZIYrQOEXsPQuQnaoOofVbzBN.4_TJtNd.A2tZy54JeOpbUU9matQYdTBaKs0XHc0bIq6bHhh1N1rFhw_HoQhBVRECYclYkpYRQlW3C2MOo2XkBGKjFFRLpZkxrTaxRe71vEx34UCF.C_3Z8DlJ1LMbxkHAYXDAPnVnKDhXN6cARKa_fLYPHNNPw9HDQ2bWI1Ur8JuqNytvIXtQUdnjLZsWVIeLRycagI5O__zM.rUg4DuLbL5saa7ycoe9FvVhGSYSdlok1ybx4TT1Cg5WNWhKhayj_K7R2YhtyMeqrfL9I.ZbecoS3o.sDM3jRBq27HznVaS810TFD7Kat6ANBbeVczATFQF8vrlUja1JQdD_RRVUzFMaUfUz5M.ghy_RMO78X0UUxjK9mO_bQvVxyW_FR3P2aiw_VJGd0pXCfKuLlOnl3TBBRgS7_5NC1glJXMWDX.Q3mgeH_ZKm92KdNOe5t3ImlHX71UW_9aog"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8f1051081a7d9c5d';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/prb\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.105.L121107?__cf_chl_rt_tk=JM77kUdVjFrbAv7u9ul3vFhaYB73eiOUVt0ddQFka7k-1734033793-1.0.1.1-mnXAnkQ6VLm2k_9n_z7uOxtljsuAJzFZm2NbR6uzBgc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>