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Maccabaeans - Wikipedia

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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Maccabaeans%22">"Maccabaeans"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Maccabaeans%22+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Maccabaeans%22&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Maccabaeans%22+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Maccabaeans%22">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Maccabaeans%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British Jewish charity</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Maccabees_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Maccabees (disambiguation)">Maccabees (disambiguation)</a></div> <p><b>Order of Ancient Maccabeans</b> (also <b>Maccabaeans</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">Anglo</a>-<a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jewish</a> society.<sup id="cite_ref-EJPhil_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EJPhil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The order is a <a href="/wiki/Friendly_society" title="Friendly society">friendly society</a> established in 1891,<sup id="cite_ref-Ilan24_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ilan24-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and registered on 8 May 1901, under the <a href="/wiki/Friendly_Societies_Act_1875" title="Friendly Societies Act 1875">Friendly Societies' Act</a>, as amended 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-SokHistZ_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SokHistZ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maccabaeans&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Maccabaeans were founded in 1891 by Ephraim Ish-Kishor and named after the <a href="/wiki/Maccabees" title="Maccabees">Maccabees</a>. The order was founded with the goal of cooperation between members and an interest in Judaism. Many members were also part of the "<a href="/wiki/Lovers_of_Zion" title="Lovers of Zion">Lovers of Zion</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Ilan24_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ilan24-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> As is usual for friendly societies, its members had to pay a fee of one shekel and received social and medical support. In addition to that, Jewish and "non-Jewish honorary members"<sup id="cite_ref-Ilan24_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ilan24-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> alike had to profess support for the Zionist movement. The funds were used to support the settling of Jews to Palestine<sup id="cite_ref-SokHistZ_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SokHistZ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> with a "Maccabean Land Company" being founded in 1911 to help shareholders purchase land in modern-day <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EJPhil_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EJPhil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a visit by <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Herzl" title="Theodor Herzl">Theodor Herzl</a> in 1896, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Bentwich" title="Herbert Bentwich">Herbert Bentwich</a> organized a trip to Palestine which he called the "Maccabaean Pilgrimage". Herzl declined an invitation to the pilgrimage but supported it. According to Maja Gildin Zuckerman, a scholar of modern Jewish cultural history, this was a turning point after which the Maccabaeans' Zionism took a political form rather than religious.<sup id="cite_ref-Ilan24b_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ilan24b-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_presidents">Past presidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maccabaeans&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Past presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1891–1903 <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Meldola" title="Raphael Meldola">Raphael Meldola</a> (in whose honour the society awards the <a href="/wiki/Meldola_medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Meldola medal">Meldola medal</a> for Chemistry)</li> <li>1903–04 <a href="/wiki/Albert_Goldsmid" title="Albert Goldsmid">Albert Goldsmid</a></li> <li>1904–27 <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Joseph_Solomon" title="Solomon Joseph Solomon">Solomon Joseph Solomon</a></li> <li>1927–32 <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Bentwich" title="Herbert Bentwich">Herbert Bentwich</a></li> <li>1932–54 <a href="/wiki/Selig_Brodetsky" title="Selig Brodetsky">Selig Brodetsky</a></li> <li>1982–90 Sir <a href="/wiki/Alan_Marre" title="Alan Marre">Alan Marre</a></li> <li>1990–2000 Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Balcombe" title="John Balcombe">John Balcombe</a></li> <li>2000–present Sir <a href="/wiki/Ian_Gainsford" title="Ian Gainsford">Ian Gainsford</a></li></ul> <p>Other notable members have included: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Barnett_Abrahams" title="Louis Barnett Abrahams">Louis Barnett Abrahams</a></li> <li>Chief Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Adler" title="Hermann Adler">Hermann Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Bentwich" title="Norman Bentwich">Norman Bentwich</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Boris_Chain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernst Boris Chain">Ernst Boris Chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Hartog" title="Marcus Hartog">Marcus Hartog</a></li> <li>Rev. <a href="/wiki/Morris_Joseph" title="Morris Joseph">Morris Joseph</a></li> <li>Chief Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Hertz" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph H. Hertz">Joseph H. Hertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldemar_Haffkine" title="Waldemar Haffkine">Waldemar Haffkine</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Ian_Heilbron" title="Ian Heilbron">Ian Heilbron</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Rix" title="Bernard Rix">Bernard Rix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kensington_Salaman" title="Charles Kensington Salaman">Charles Kensington Salaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Snowman" title="Isaac Snowman">Isaac Snowman</a></li> <li>Rev. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stern" title="Joseph Stern">Joseph Stern</a></li> <li>Rev. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Voysey_(theist)" title="Charles Voysey (theist)">Charles Voysey</a> (Not Jewish; hon. member)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Weizmann" title="Chaim Weizmann">Chaim Weizmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Wolf" title="Lucien Wolf">Lucien Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Zangwill" title="Israel Zangwill">Israel Zangwill</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maccabaeans&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EJPhil-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EJPhil_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EJPhil_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Philipp Israel, "Maccabaens, Ancient Order of". In: Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd Edition, Vol. 13, p. 316, <a href="/wiki/Thomson_Gale" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomson Gale">Thomson Gale</a> (2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ilan24-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ilan24_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ilan24_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ilan24_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ilan_Papp%C3%A9" title="Ilan Pappé">Ilan Pappé</a>, <i>Lobbying for Zionism on Both Sides of the Atlantic</i>, p. 58, London, <a href="/wiki/Oneworld_Publications" title="Oneworld Publications">Oneworld Publications</a> (2024)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SokHistZ-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SokHistZ_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SokHistZ_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nahum_Sokolow" title="Nahum Sokolow">Nahum Sokolow</a>, <i>History of Zionism 1600-1918</i>, Appendices p.358-388, <a href="/wiki/Longman" title="Longman">Longmans, Green and Co.</a> (1919)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ilan24b-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ilan24b_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pappé (2024), pp. 58-59</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maccabaeans&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopedia-judaica-volume-22/Encyclopedia%20Judaica%2C%20Volume%2013/page/316/mode/2up">Encyclopedia Judaica, Volume 13</a>, page 316</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/15px-Star_of_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/23px-Star_of_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/30px-Star_of_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /></a></span>&#160;&#160;<a href="/wiki/British_Jews" title="British Jews"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Jews and Judaism in the United Kingdom</span></a>&#160;&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" 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Security Trust">Community Security Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Leadership_Council" title="Jewish Leadership Council">Jewish Leadership Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Jewish_Forum" title="London Jewish Forum">London Jewish Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Council_of_Jewish_Communities" title="Scottish Council of Jewish Communities">Scottish Council of Jewish Communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Jewish_Students" title="Union of Jewish Students">Union of Jewish Students</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%">Education<br />and studies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Association_for_Jewish_Studies" title="British Association for Jewish Studies">British Association for Jewish Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateshead_Talmudical_College" title="Gateshead Talmudical College">Gateshead Talmudical College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_Educational_Trust" title="Holocaust Educational Trust">Holocaust Educational Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_Memorial_Day_(UK)" title="Holocaust Memorial Day (UK)">Holocaust Memorial Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Jewish_Policy_Research" title="Institute for Jewish Policy Research">Institute for Jewish Policy Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Book_Week" title="Jewish Book Week">Jewish Book Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Genealogical_Society_of_Great_Britain" title="Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain">Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Historical_Society_of_England" title="Jewish Historical Society of England">Jewish Historical Society of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_London" title="Jewish Museum London">Jewish Museum London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JW3" title="JW3">JW3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Baeck_College" title="Leo Baeck College">Leo Baeck College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limmud" title="Limmud">Limmud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Jewish_Studies" title="London School of Jewish Studies">London School of Jewish Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cemeteries_in_the_London_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish cemeteries in the London area">Jewish cemeteries in the London area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_communities_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish communities in the United Kingdom">Jewish communities in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%">Orthodox</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Synagogues" title="Federation of Synagogues">Federation of Synagogues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Orthodox_Hebrew_Congregations" title="Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations">Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Synagogue" title="United Synagogue">United Synagogue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Rabbis_of_the_United_Hebrew_Congregations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Rabbis of the United Hebrew Congregations">Chief Rabbi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%">Conservative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Masorti Judaism</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%">Progressive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Judaism_(United_Kingdom)" title="Liberal Judaism (United Kingdom)">Liberal Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Reform_Judaism" title="Movement for Reform Judaism">Reform Judaism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Chronicle" title="The Jewish Chronicle">The Jewish Chronicle</a></i></li> <li><i><a 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