CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "sudantribune.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '913be570cadd6be7',cH: 'oO32AuQV0at90JTxIb53j4Pg09fu670TaE64Z_cPKmg-1739859468-1.2.1.1-fk9OJrOfC6ATFZvC8RrZEOl6KkUdaso05Pl7aTiuoQRdS7zvMqlyM1oTPyo64W_i',cUPMDTk: "\/article293546\/?__cf_chl_tk=sRAGa87hHJ86gDMT3qZGm7kiSzH7iELtLHEV7erPFGI-1739859468-1.0.1.1-JGiYiMhW2D_.C7ZHKRU3ok9z91b.NmrykhwJH.oWOD0",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739859468',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/article293546\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=sRAGa87hHJ86gDMT3qZGm7kiSzH7iELtLHEV7erPFGI-1739859468-1.0.1.1-JGiYiMhW2D_.C7ZHKRU3ok9z91b.NmrykhwJH.oWOD0",md: "5OWsDY62j0Tsj3yacZjHvhr2AX0YzAfsATLf5PHQhnc-1739859468-1.2.1.1-aYcHywHiW_RLwy06XgnefOl_0CuzQLusWKXHqTN7Oz4N4PHnD0TWE8_Gx8i_egVQ.FR42RT49mAfSGGTImMA6IaxDWlVyTtZVJgceM14RvB7SbGADfw80XKRSi.ICGtAU2csR.U1XNCG4WSUyZ0gIKzEQPVB2qskYSwRk3jqfEhnbdYSnqAiAKVxtcNmuSYCYy7aYlG31ufj2SZVb_tiP9dZpc7uGdV4CFD6zRfQfzT3rGAaGa2fB3l4SY5a2yufXiTv3N.kE_5dYgvm94g9bxWZcfoqeASWZpSqbVA_RytDoukpeKgvW_9IrWbVepH1KObxuDVdms9OTrsh7g77rcpqoP7yguK9nCAyZfuLDU3Et9aoxpP3QkB4wIoDjcvAWpdjLV4DOUEWZu2UpLB.SsfKrrOI0tD4kk0SioHDO5R2sqxnufn8l.7b38OI01WCMwmL01SiuWIBrdUGBqKsmZaqZEslX7x_sr3T7u1AKwepTJ9R0dNe54H8WSx.xcyz6ktfEK6EM.RQ6k11K1tWwTET9deP9eFz1YokY02lflrUqOKey4vr73opPHdLX_.iW6LDPnDWFDXLplK0hoDllejmkSgfBHMqqTVNNW3QOq.3SBt6nUrQRJe0uXu__bfiBE.oM_T62SL45fiGOhD.7nkYyEtA3khsqQThU3KkD8Yy8hOrqwWIez9mI4edbnJLZR5ugog5ZmJfj19MOAZMnmO2XUnT.B2o0KVmsh8mtKouHAsnLoFH1nF96.gieBFdECRKRPoYfrssLZ8_EGrcdgoEW39tg3QVDlsjMupIcgs5yqQsUuc9YTKy6NAqXnuvcWRst81yV.lBLbhDQlLS23JuTQwQADv33NmiE9HGKl4rGi1aY8lxsy1Gg9z.EubcfOgh6JtjJymqckXM4sFSrG_OgsZ2Z5UM3eUuELGZCpYO.MHach0wC4rLCILDcHQG.YxARf_jmZwtXmCPxwrj9HX9W6Mh0TF2PR9GqENLUlU3xvw7y3PqciuLB6mNlUURohEVMUPk5aTanvzZZ8AsZLtgV4DripdMeaed5GuTe2hGrMZJAbbnCGPtD.hVkUgZA9Ru_Vi6m.Mcv6G.VQ_Suoeej0PiyXPiXXyJ1KAe1Yos.nSAvSwej.CfFUKFDx9DNphb15JoRXcgziBVZ4YwAtQyuV1oCRee3_4vB27T_ul.CqVTTWKuPKaH6dnQmX74syf_l4Z0E.LSapQolULM3Byn.q1MWGFbyT.E.PhMUII5g_zetV_j299mDTxrQShfNTjp6X7IhiZP2x4wGqZfeaBuV3dBWPwm3dr30Ly2XDa6fpuQkm3CS8BglZOfEcxC5bxANvOcAOggQ1y.qQdiPnUNa1sAwJ02vsVNXeXEhK52qrgD.XiH84HsGk3e7rU1pOAlqqeJS1wIg_2.93Ntyh2jP8vYoNa1FDun2cN9PlBMZ6vfn870IWrcWAZwZDKW19GYYdQwgPOxnzec1hU5WZRicAdHm2184rZBO0VWU3OC4RHN08gGUTim1Zbe4WQgTSvw_.DnJ67z.i..ANOstLyyxG8qoLojR1..hUBmkxVrmnKIXxlUuFa6hi7i8DuOHEB4.mMU7LxcsxrXH06r_wObgGJTpO9.lRC9dOQyQCsGUSBvybayMRU6iWuFqt65iy.EVwwXWMNpodZtJaw3wEESmRZaMkKk9l10yKtJR1W0RwjzTcHoe7xlYbsAatMfbItK6BrAf7RTaZxKuXbQzVSb11u_CmBdInz9AeCfdRz8T8mPARW6y1BTmQm2GgZF9cVjk6YgUxd092gxCrIFTjc.UXosvw6PEu6YL.xz._oyRNMpNwXMipqJyHea_ODP_QHoArfbTiJucrRL7vKWXkMphnESXt3whcBDNglOIztypyrjP6VrWyExNV8yLmA.ITDeALr8ThmuVF1nhB0rw.i.MUmv0QUiaeHgCeJSzjb4ZIN5bJCb2ijL1O6TViSkYZQNAhFjZr4Q3WEMbGyY1hN0nvBJFEEUi9YvYlAEMgt5qZ_.K0zpcz0Slq6L4VCmiDG12zEUsIQ93HATHuY6EiQ0Dy_w2EVY1qTLXUzggE56RU8cFnrdrROKpe.6whpszkKdXkveU_zdccrm59GOahKq3MCAseCn1atJBCR0V7WCYAX_u45xNKKScDXxBtfIc7rujHug5zturkTFVQ17AwS1XhNNBDpjk4SDRNoHNO9.RR7eaABXFIz9YC_e0Kdrk1beO6PSHbEWFyzUJXC8bDX5KNx0hBlUU0oq0GO6re5WVAvHEFGpRJtG62kH0zRvjfxWb_bhvI0qYgGuhsptKgDfqQ5BBQv1500qOS0LE.Vb8ELjCumwXGUmdM5LKBA5j6w6pdNRh2LAeZY7A2WgnyhLrIXqu6FlNsi6LyQ0lLw0axFFISsVzFuBToBMT6j.wwkjlSNstFNO.nzoGGnSztFSJDNSx4E_JEG1LyGU34vX9RT6smU7..aBj2PIF3.Ul04rGMS82nNo_087jYYCWA",mdrd: "kPm.oX3dJg9.GlCXcIAw50Pospf4cn4t0M8b6rG2Nfc-1739859468-1.2.1.1-nK6bofkQwCcyIocJmp3OG4qjSQK8KyakdjQCR3cRjx0nJaKzb2Tjiog2hGgwW8OErYCyTtgXC5W1N2TKssmUY0Uq7nzFkGLE82RAR_mVPxCzoMtKAQsmQuVhsNiF8TTn5FjFUNHDEV6E5_6AMBug7mRE6dM1gcfyLbWCJpdMDw8dAZdzRSVPfY9d3MbDVWmUEFhrdxRSGhxX0YtvPGP5KbggIF2Dyy3SA0.HgaAQqAymHhJYN_kxHG3p6eqaI83F7Y1Y3UxoRmhOUCtCUE7KwVwiiZSn78SGOvtguQ9DlUR9O92L37Vcqit2hCi3cdP7nW7Oai_ME0pFAfyPPeW.DgKQ2UjR1ghDBvk7RytNo1uWn8UEVjgFmAru53I7MtA4u1p46vnBjeh_PweM_mHqUemKPwcBuE5ZjbypRmYK9Nad0uDr9UwrwpCH1.usI_i80Ahh.icIcejvUgWDM0rZaK6tYu0_GrVt5YjBpTL0zt3bJpxbdVOmHplxdGgHcQFaU6zcmhrstzdGLeixSZFLxyH2Z95ZsMwlXGPdLO_9_N4LbFYe3uyICBo7ZytKnxO37wA_a4zZUjq4M.BCCmAHty2qA6laptmRCpk13Zy6bQXwDLhzRlE.J2x1TEaKBlWzQGUiWdALKOU4ktoGlVe_xzATWH058f1ZBwpfyjVg85J8CXdFzSDY.lCTHEujXy1GsOPab6V4Jn1xFifSBo6k0wYs37X3gpbY_yOf2ZLapHyqS76OFu1i9UUlnV1yCENzJBvXjlLgj.DQG31xYwmFqv33pRQi3UFNcgnxJMwy89pCWYp83ajchMnfcAfkRSxHIrFn.D7ZNRAJEJQdxAvd4j2TYGlBVWbSLcKUsZs4fggu6D7gN_2c0HV7dOZPNx4vPCTpx.smlBDpLk95_umC4N8D5Nt4elXE3CEnbQoVhlYAADgZpDann.XExT0hTP3bnJoz4.UYPZDmlOv4Bxqfc1bGXtEhzIWPcb1dG21HTprI0M2JEYNP78iKm2X5KB4gYbv8_NdzZUWls0hZ0_3QzbsusNMVWfulLqxUyHSgJq23zF.gayhhyKI3qL49ihIAbmqAkD3Rq_OO2_p3oTcxpS1dWqlO7IBCpSiq5VYF0nEYXP2DgF3wyvbQo2JFc9qyPmVmjTW9QRTxXp35Sd1rG53FzXAslbq_XCACWqP_qc2aZOmrhN5pkhPEEJTuUGiCz2qHo5YoD.BDnCWrwXN.ZeL0v.N41lPl9HBMHeC9yUv7Ijq72AAx8ljXWYArobmGf1jECOHMbZC7aQmn4Fu4XYR1WI7sZxOR7vebRSON1U6Qz52SVoH3G43nbkcQUJZa9ihm10W3xSiQ5JFED35f3wPD_G.BTKfmxslYtXWtf0DsjjWjQaZpo8OAYMo0eBTVI6.kicunbnbtrf2TNWYsk.zfKafeSZrVEQAs4uu8v_RgKoleX9sE.zY9KT8PB7uxnFIeW27QKa6No.6tlqWy.m8tOAjeBGwyBet8rNg7H.phkpCuWcz4ZtWrlYadscp1a3..UOoDtIx0hAeZS9bwta76Fi4U1e6ldSiEDtZPaRqd7YkuwerZm32Ms_itdrPlP1OappxTLem_XchsZwFOzB1nclVXnocnMvHz.sPo78xAFbp0U2hrvteAGjW1v_Mhl_tsS_9mnKVzDwpmpRmfWqbAGziVTUhXkkFtBYC8rkaC_UjQbHKd7et1gvNLKF3UqA04TsqQxc38y4tgIhZj8tcefs_raDVJV8FvHHgoO3QmJt0B5hbsgoWKrPZz3sGcXFvrJIiiTQxNX80NruFK23hsfRGlEGruFKpg5Lc6cJnjYvAuJ6jJVVA7GE62qNhw0H1U5YP8L7jeOn4ujQm5KJejdo__4Fp0FbMKQatqFCr42N_vTi.CLBh6z43twJ7w6dA594XS8t2EqkOTqQbwamGcXNgSBphEBzXu8M3Lr2lpJVs5tvmcM7.SRYyJQs03"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913be570cadd6be7';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/article293546\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=sRAGa87hHJ86gDMT3qZGm7kiSzH7iELtLHEV7erPFGI-1739859468-1.0.1.1-JGiYiMhW2D_.C7ZHKRU3ok9z91b.NmrykhwJH.oWOD0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>