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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Croce, Florence</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce,_Florence" title="Santa Croce, Florence – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Santa Croce, Florence" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Kro%C3%A7e_(Florensiya)" title="Santa Kroçe (Florensiya) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Santa Kroçe (Florensiya)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87" title="বাজিলিকা দি সান্তা ক্রোচে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাজিলিকা দি সান্তা ক্রোচে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8D" title="Базіліка Санта-Крочэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Базіліка Санта-Крочэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5_(%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Санта Кроче (Флоренция) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Санта Кроче (Флоренция)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika_svetog_kri%C5%BEa_(Firenca)" title="Bazilika svetog križa (Firenca) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bazilika svetog križa (Firenca)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Creu" title="Basílica de la Santa Creu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Basílica de la Santa Creu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce_(Florencie)" title="Santa Croce (Florencie) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Santa Croce (Florencie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce,_Firenze" title="Santa Croce, Firenze – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Santa Croce, Firenze" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce_(Florenz)" title="Santa Croce (Florenz) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Santa Croce (Florenz)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BCha_Risti_basiilika" title="Püha Risti basiilika – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Püha Risti basiilika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9A%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B5" title="Βασιλική της Σάντα Κρότσε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βασιλική της Σάντα Κρότσε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz_(Florencia)" title="Basílica de la Santa Cruz (Florencia) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Basílica de la Santa Cruz (Florencia)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baziliko_Santa_Croce_(Florenco)" title="Baziliko Santa Croce (Florenco) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Baziliko Santa Croce (Florenco)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce" title="Santa Croce – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Santa Croce" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%86%D9%87" title="کلیسای سانتا کروچه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلیسای سانتا کروچه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilique_Santa_Croce_de_Florence" title="Basilique Santa Croce de Florence – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Basilique Santa Croce de Florence" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_da_Santa_Cruz" title="Basílica da Santa Cruz – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Basílica da Santa Cruz" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B0%ED%83%80_%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%B2%B4_%EC%84%B1%EB%8B%B9" title="산타 크로체 성당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="산타 크로체 성당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1_%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B9%D5%A5_(%D5%96%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1)" title="Սանտա Կրոչե (Ֆլորենցիա) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սանտա Կրոչե (Ֆլորենցիա)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce,_Firenze" title="Santa Croce, Firenze – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Santa Croce, Firenze" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce" title="Basilica di Santa Croce – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Basilica di Santa Croce" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%94_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A6%27%D7%94" title="בזיליקת סנטה קרוצ'ה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בזיליקת סנטה קרוצ'ה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="სანტა კროჩეს ბაზილიკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სანტა კროჩეს ბაზილიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ventojo_Kry%C5%BEiaus_bazilika" title="Šventojo Kryžiaus bazilika – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šventojo Kryžiaus bazilika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce_(Firenze)" title="Santa Croce (Firenze) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Santa Croce (Firenze)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce_(Florence)" title="Santa Croce (Florence) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Santa Croce (Florence)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E8%81%96%E5%A0%82_(%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%84%E3%82%A7)" title="サンタ・クローチェ聖堂 (フィレンツェ) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サンタ・クローチェ聖堂 (フィレンツェ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_(Firenze)" title="Basilica di Santa Croce (Firenze) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Basilica di Santa Croce (Firenze)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%AClica_%C3%ABd_Santa_Cros_(Firense)" title="Basìlica ëd Santa Cros (Firense) – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Basìlica ëd Santa Cros (Firense)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_Santa_Croce" title="Kościół Santa Croce – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kościół Santa Croce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Cruz" title="Basílica de Santa Cruz – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Basílica de Santa Cruz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilica_Santa_Croce_din_Floren%C8%9Ba" title="Bazilica Santa Croce din Florența – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bazilica Santa Croce din Florența" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5_(%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Санта-Кроче (Флоренция) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Санта-Кроче (Флоренция)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce,_Florence" title="Santa Croce, Florence – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Santa Croce, Florence" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika_sv._Kri%C5%BEa,_Firence" title="Bazilika sv. Križa, Firence – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bazilika sv. Križa, Firence" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce,_Firenca" title="Santa Croce, Firenca – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Santa Croce, Firenca" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce" title="Basilica di Santa Croce – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Basilica di Santa Croce" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce,_Florens" title="Santa Croce, Florens – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Santa Croce, Florens" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A" title="มหาวิหารซันตาโกรเช – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มหาวิหารซันตาโกรเช" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce_Bazilikas%C4%B1_(Floransa)" title="Santa Croce Bazilikası (Floransa) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Santa Croce Bazilikası 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interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Croce" title="Santa Croce – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Santa Croce" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E5%9C%A3%E6%AE%BF_(%E4%BD%9B%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%A6%E8%90%A8)" title="圣十字圣殿 (佛罗伦萨) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="圣十字圣殿 (佛罗伦萨)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q51177#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Santa_Croce,_Florence&params=43_46_6.3_N_11_15_45.8_E_type:landmark_region:IT"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°46′6.3″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°15′45.8″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.768417°N 11.262722°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.768417; 11.262722</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Franciscan church in Florence, Italy</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Basilica of Santa Croce" redirects here. For the basilica in Lecce, see <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Santa_Croce,_Lecce" title="Basilica of Santa Croce, Lecce">Basilica of Santa Croce, Lecce</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Church in Tuscany, Italy</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Basilica of the Holy Cross</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold"><div class="nickname"><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Basilica di Santa Croce</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>)</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_(12437).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_%2812437%29.jpg/220px-Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_%2812437%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_%2812437%29.jpg/330px-Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_%2812437%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_%2812437%29.jpg/440px-Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_%2812437%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4401" data-file-height="3348" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Façade of Santa Croce, October 2023</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Basilica of the Holy Cross is located in Florence"><img alt="Basilica of the Holy Cross is located in Florence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Florence_location_map.svg/250px-Florence_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Florence_location_map.svg/375px-Florence_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Florence_location_map.svg/500px-Florence_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="739" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:68.162%;left:59.495%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Basilica of the Holy Cross"><img alt="Basilica of the Holy Cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Basilica of the Holy Cross</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Florence</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Santa_Croce,_Florence&params=43_46_6.3_N_11_15_45.8_E_type:landmark_region:IT"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°46′6.3″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°15′45.8″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.768417°N 11.262722°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.768417; 11.262722</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, Tuscany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denomination</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sui_iuris" title="Sui iuris">Sui iuris</a> church</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Religious_order#Christianity" title="Religious order">Religious order</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor" title="Order of Friars Minor">Order of Friars Minor</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">History</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Minor_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor basilica">Minor basilica</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Conventual_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Conventual church">Conventual church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Consecration" class="mw-redirect" title="Consecration">Consecrated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1443</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sacred_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred architecture">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Groundbreaking" title="Groundbreaking">Groundbreaking</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1294–1295</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data">1385</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Administration</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">Archdiocese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Florence" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence">Archdiocese of Florence</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b><span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">Basilica di Santa Croce</span></span></b> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> for 'Basilica of the Holy Cross') is a <a href="/wiki/Minor_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor basilica">minor basilica</a> and the principal <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> church of <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. It is situated on the <a href="/wiki/Piazza_Santa_Croce" title="Piazza Santa Croce">Piazza di Santa Croce</a>, about 800 metres southeast of the <a href="/wiki/Florence_Cathedral" title="Florence Cathedral">Duomo</a>, on what was once marshland beyond the city walls. Being the burial place of notable Italians, including those from the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance" title="Italian Renaissance">Italian Renaissance</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Machiavelli</a>, as well as the poet <a href="/wiki/Ugo_Foscolo" title="Ugo Foscolo">Foscolo</a>, political philosopher <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Gentile" title="Giovanni Gentile">Gentile</a> and the composer <a href="/wiki/Gioacchino_Rossini" class="mw-redirect" title="Gioacchino Rossini">Rossini</a>, it is also known as the <b>Temple of the Italian Glories</b> (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Tempio dell'Itale Glorie</i></span>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Building">Building</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Facciata_antica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Facciata_antica.jpg/220px-Facciata_antica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Facciata_antica.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="239" /></a><figcaption>The original brick west front (before the 1860s <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic Revival">Gothic Revival</a> embellishments by <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Matas" title="Niccolò Matas">Niccolò Matas</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence,_Santa_Croce_(1294%E2%80%931385),_nave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce_%281294%E2%80%931385%29%2C_nave.jpg/220px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce_%281294%E2%80%931385%29%2C_nave.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce_%281294%E2%80%931385%29%2C_nave.jpg/330px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce_%281294%E2%80%931385%29%2C_nave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce_%281294%E2%80%931385%29%2C_nave.jpg/440px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce_%281294%E2%80%931385%29%2C_nave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3839" data-file-height="5119" /></a><figcaption>The nave facing east</figcaption></figure> <p>The basilica is the largest Franciscan church in the world. Its most notable features are its sixteen <a href="/wiki/Chapel" title="Chapel">chapels</a>, many of them decorated with <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">frescoes</a> by <a href="/wiki/Giotto" title="Giotto">Giotto</a> and his pupils,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its <a href="/wiki/Church_monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Church monument">tombs and cenotaphs</a>. Legend says that Santa Croce was founded by <a href="/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi" title="Francis of Assisi">St Francis</a> himself. The construction of the current church, to replace an older building, was begun on 12 May 1294,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> possibly by <a href="/wiki/Arnolfo_di_Cambio" title="Arnolfo di Cambio">Arnolfo di Cambio</a>, and paid for by some of the city's wealthiest families. It was consecrated in 1442 by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Eugene_IV" title="Pope Eugene IV">Pope Eugene IV</a>. The building's design reflects the austere approach of the Franciscans. The floorplan is an Egyptian or <a href="/wiki/Cross_of_Tau" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of Tau">Tau cross</a> (a symbol of St Francis), 115 metres in length with a <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a> and two aisles separated by lines of octagonal columns. To the south of the church was a <a href="/wiki/Convent" title="Convent">convent</a>, some of whose buildings remain. </p><p>The Primo Chiostro, the main <a href="/wiki/Cloister" title="Cloister">cloister</a>, houses the <a href="/wiki/Pazzi_Chapel" title="Pazzi Chapel">Cappella dei Pazzi</a>, built as the <a href="/wiki/Chapter_house" title="Chapter house">chapter house</a>, completed in the 1470s. <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Brunelleschi" title="Filippo Brunelleschi">Filippo Brunelleschi</a> (who had designed and executed the dome of the Duomo) was involved in its design which has remained rigorously simple and unadorned. </p><p>In 1560, the <a href="/wiki/Choir_screen" class="mw-redirect" title="Choir screen">choir screen</a> was removed as part of changes arising from the <a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter-Reformation</a> and the interior of this area was rebuilt by <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Vasari" title="Giorgio Vasari">Giorgio Vasari</a>. As a result, there was damage to the church's decoration and most of the altars previously located on the screen were lost. The <a href="/wiki/Bardi_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bardi Chapel">Bardi Chapel</a> which contained a cycle of frescoes of the life of St Francis was plastered over, at the behest of <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosimo I">Cosimo I</a>, and Vasari placed some new altars against the walls, causing considerable damage to the frescoes.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bell tower was built in 1842, replacing an earlier one damaged by lightning. The <a href="/wiki/Neo-Gothic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Gothic">neo-Gothic</a> marble façade dates from 1857 to 1863. The Jewish architect Niccolò Matas from Ancona designed the church's façade, working a prominent <a href="/wiki/Star_of_David" title="Star of David">Star of David</a> into the composition. Matas had wanted to be buried with his peers but because he was Jewish, he was buried under the threshold and honoured with an inscription. </p><p>In 1866, the complex became public property, as a part of government suppression of most religious houses, following the wars that gained Italian independence and unity.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the 19th-century restorations, the 16th-century altars and plaster were removed from the Bardi Chapel, revealing Giotto's frescoes of the Life of St Francis, which include the <i>Death of St. Francis</i>. This painting, missing sections where an altar had been attached to the wall, was heavily restored in the 19th century. These restorations were later removed to reveal those areas which are definitively Giotto's, leaving portions of the painting missing.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Museo dell'Opera di Santa Croce is housed mainly in the <a href="/wiki/Refectory" title="Refectory">refectory</a>, also off the cloister. A monument to <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a> stands in the cloister, in the city in which she was born and after which she was named. Brunelleschi also built the inner cloister, completed in 1453. </p><p>In 1940, during the safe hiding of various works during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Ugo Procacci noticed the <a href="/wiki/Badia_Polyptych" title="Badia Polyptych">Badia Polyptych</a> being carried out of the church. He reasoned that this had been removed from the <a href="/wiki/Badia_Fiorentina" title="Badia Fiorentina">Badia Fiorentina</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleonic</a> occupation and accidentally re-installed in Santa Croce.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1958 and 1961, <a href="/wiki/Leonetto_Tintori" title="Leonetto Tintori">Leonetto Tintori</a> removed layers of whitewash and overpaint from Giotto's Peruzzi Chapel scenes to reveal his original work.<sup id="cite_ref-world_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-world-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1966, the <a href="/wiki/1966_flood_of_the_Arno" title="1966 flood of the Arno">Arno River flooded</a> much of Florence, including Santa Croce. The water entered the church bringing mud, pollution and heating oil. The damage to buildings and art treasures was severe, taking several decades to repair. </p><p>Today the former dormitory of the Franciscan friars houses the Scuola del Cuoio (Leather School).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Visitors can watch as artisans craft purses, wallets, and other leather goods which are sold in the adjacent shop. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence,_Santa_Croce,_Cappella_dei_Pazzi,_1440s-70s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="First Cloister with the Cappella dei Pazzi (1440s-70s)"><img alt="First Cloister with the Cappella dei Pazzi (1440s-70s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Cappella_dei_Pazzi%2C_1440s-70s.jpg/150px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Cappella_dei_Pazzi%2C_1440s-70s.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Cappella_dei_Pazzi%2C_1440s-70s.jpg/225px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Cappella_dei_Pazzi%2C_1440s-70s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Cappella_dei_Pazzi%2C_1440s-70s.jpg/300px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Cappella_dei_Pazzi%2C_1440s-70s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5167" data-file-height="3875" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">First Cloister with the Cappella dei Pazzi (1440s-70s)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence,_Santa_Croce,_Greater_Cloister.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Greater Cloister"><img alt="The Greater Cloister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Greater_Cloister.jpg/150px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Greater_Cloister.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Greater_Cloister.jpg/225px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Greater_Cloister.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Greater_Cloister.jpg/300px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Greater_Cloister.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5822" data-file-height="3275" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Greater Cloister</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_Ora_Pro_Animis_gate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gate in the gardens with the letters "OPA" for ora pro animis ("pray for souls")"><img alt="A gate in the gardens with the letters "OPA" for ora pro animis ("pray for souls")" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_Ora_Pro_Animis_gate.jpg/150px-Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_Ora_Pro_Animis_gate.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_Ora_Pro_Animis_gate.jpg/225px-Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_Ora_Pro_Animis_gate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_Ora_Pro_Animis_gate.jpg/300px-Basilica_di_Santa_Croce_Ora_Pro_Animis_gate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4014" data-file-height="3016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A gate in the gardens with the letters "OPA" for <i>ora pro animis</i> ("pray for souls")</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restoration">Restoration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Restoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Croce_di_Firenze_viewed_from_Giotto_Campanile_dllu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Santa_Croce_di_Firenze_viewed_from_Giotto_Campanile_dllu.jpg/220px-Santa_Croce_di_Firenze_viewed_from_Giotto_Campanile_dllu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Santa_Croce_di_Firenze_viewed_from_Giotto_Campanile_dllu.jpg/330px-Santa_Croce_di_Firenze_viewed_from_Giotto_Campanile_dllu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Santa_Croce_di_Firenze_viewed_from_Giotto_Campanile_dllu.jpg/440px-Santa_Croce_di_Firenze_viewed_from_Giotto_Campanile_dllu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10422" data-file-height="8661" /></a><figcaption>The basilica viewed in 2023 from <a href="/wiki/Giotto%27s_Campanile" title="Giotto's Campanile">Giotto's Campanile</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The basilica has been undergoing a multi-year restoration program with assistance from Italy's civil protection agency.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 20 October 2017, the property was closed to visitors due to falling masonry which caused the death of a tourist from Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The basilica was closed temporarily during a survey of the stability of the church.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Italian Ministry of Culture said that "there will be an investigation by magistrates to understand how this dramatic fact happened and whether there are responsibilities over maintenance." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Art">Art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz,_Florencia,_Italia,_2022-09-18,_DD_96-98_HDR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_96-98_HDR.jpg/220px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_96-98_HDR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="415" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_96-98_HDR.jpg/330px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_96-98_HDR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_96-98_HDR.jpg/440px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_96-98_HDR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3527" data-file-height="6646" /></a><figcaption>The apse with the fresco cycle by Agnolo Gaddi, the high altar and the crucifix</figcaption></figure> <p>Artists whose work is present in the church include (for funerary monuments see below): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_da_Maiano" title="Benedetto da Maiano">Benedetto da Maiano</a>: pulpit; with his brother <a href="/wiki/Giuliano_da_Maiano" title="Giuliano da Maiano">Giuliano</a>: doors to Cappella dei Pazzi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimabue" title="Cimabue">Cimabue</a>: <a href="/wiki/Crucifix_(Cimabue,_Santa_Croce)" title="Crucifix (Cimabue, Santa Croce)">Crucifix</a>, badly damaged by the 1966 flood and now in the refectory</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_della_Robbia" title="Andrea della Robbia">Andrea della Robbia</a>: altarpiece in Cappella Medici</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_della_Robbia" title="Luca della Robbia">Luca della Robbia</a>: glazed terracotta decoration of Cappella dei Pazzi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiderio_da_Settignano" title="Desiderio da Settignano">Desiderio da Settignano</a>: frieze in Cappella dei Pazzi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donatello" title="Donatello">Donatello</a>: <i>Cavalcanti Annunciation</i> on the south wall; crucifix in the lefthand Cappella Bardi di Vernio; <i>St Louis of Toulouse</i> in the refectory (originally made for <a href="/wiki/Orsanmichele" title="Orsanmichele">Orsanmichele</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnolo_Gaddi" title="Agnolo Gaddi">Agnolo Gaddi</a>: fresco cycle of <i>The Legend of the True Cross</i> in the apse with stained glass windows designed by him (1385–1387); fresco decoration of the Cappella Castellani with scenes of the lives of SS Anthony the Great, John the Baptist, John the Evangelist and Nicholas (1385)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taddeo_Gaddi" title="Taddeo Gaddi">Taddeo Gaddi</a>: frescoes in the <a href="/wiki/Cappella_Baroncelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Cappella Baroncelli">Baroncelli Chapel</a>; <i>Crucifixion</i> in the sacristy; <i>Arbor vitae with the Last Supper</i> in the refectory (c. 1330–40 or –60), considered his best work</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giotto_di_Bondone" class="mw-redirect" title="Giotto di Bondone">Giotto</a>: frescoes in Cappella Peruzzi and righthand Cappella Bardi; possibly <i>Coronation of the Virgin</i>, altarpiece in the <a href="/wiki/Baroncelli_Chapel" title="Baroncelli Chapel">Baroncelli Chapel</a>, also attributed to Taddeo Gaddi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_da_Milano" title="Giovanni da Milano">Giovanni da Milano</a>: frescoes in Cappella Rinuccini) with Scenes of the <i><a href="/wiki/Life_of_the_Virgin" title="Life of the Virgin">Life of the Virgin</a> and the Magdalen</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maso_di_Banco" title="Maso di Banco">Maso di Banco</a>: frescoes in Cappella Bardi di Vernio) depicting <i>Scenes from the life of St. Sylvester</i> (1335–1338)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Moore" title="Henry Moore">Henry Moore</a>: statue of a warrior in the Primo Chiostro</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Orcagna" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrea Orcagna">Andrea Orcagna</a>: frescoes largely disappeared during Vasari's remodelling, but some fragments remain in the refectory</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Rossellino" title="Antonio Rossellino">Antonio Rossellino</a>: relief of the <i>Madonna del Latte</i> (1478) in the south aisle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_di_Tito" title="Santi di Tito">Santi di Tito</a>: <i>Supper at Emmaus</i> and <i>Resurrection</i>, altarpieces in the north aisle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Vasari" title="Giorgio Vasari">Giorgio Vasari</a>: <i>Way to Calvary</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Veneziano" title="Domenico Veneziano">Domenico Veneziano</a>: <i>SS John and Francis</i> in the refectory</li></ul> <p>Once present in the church's Medici Chapel, but now split between the Florentine Galleries and the <a href="/wiki/Bagatti_Valsecchi_Museum,_Milan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagatti Valsecchi Museum, Milan">Bagatti Valsecchi Museum</a> in Milan, is a <a href="/wiki/Polyptych" title="Polyptych">polyptych</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_di_Niccol%C3%B2" title="Lorenzo di Niccolò">Lorenzo di Niccolò</a>, whilst the <a href="/wiki/Novitiate_Altarpiece" title="Novitiate Altarpiece">Novitiate Altarpiece</a> by <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Lippi" title="Filippo Lippi">Filippo Lippi</a> and a predella by <a href="/wiki/Pesellino" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesellino">Pesellino</a> was painted for the church's Novitiate Chapel. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Giotto_di_Bondone_-_Scenes_from_the_Life_of_Saint_Francis_-_4._Death_and_Ascension_of_St_Francis_-_WGA09307.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Giotto's Death of St. Francis (early 1320s) with overpainting removed"><img alt="Giotto's Death of St. Francis (early 1320s) with overpainting removed" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Giotto_di_Bondone_-_Scenes_from_the_Life_of_Saint_Francis_-_4._Death_and_Ascension_of_St_Francis_-_WGA09307.jpg/150px-Giotto_di_Bondone_-_Scenes_from_the_Life_of_Saint_Francis_-_4._Death_and_Ascension_of_St_Francis_-_WGA09307.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Giotto_di_Bondone_-_Scenes_from_the_Life_of_Saint_Francis_-_4._Death_and_Ascension_of_St_Francis_-_WGA09307.jpg/225px-Giotto_di_Bondone_-_Scenes_from_the_Life_of_Saint_Francis_-_4._Death_and_Ascension_of_St_Francis_-_WGA09307.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Giotto_di_Bondone_-_Scenes_from_the_Life_of_Saint_Francis_-_4._Death_and_Ascension_of_St_Francis_-_WGA09307.jpg/300px-Giotto_di_Bondone_-_Scenes_from_the_Life_of_Saint_Francis_-_4._Death_and_Ascension_of_St_Francis_-_WGA09307.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1167" data-file-height="770" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Giotto's <i>Death of St. Francis</i> (early 1320s) with overpainting removed</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taddeo_Gaddi,_Stories_of_the_Virgin,_c1330,_Baroncelli_chapel,_Santa_Croce,_Florence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taddeo Gaddi, Stories of the Virgin (c. 1330), Baroncelli chapel, north wall"><img alt="Taddeo Gaddi, Stories of the Virgin (c. 1330), Baroncelli chapel, north wall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Stories_of_the_Virgin%2C_c1330%2C_Baroncelli_chapel%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/150px-Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Stories_of_the_Virgin%2C_c1330%2C_Baroncelli_chapel%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Stories_of_the_Virgin%2C_c1330%2C_Baroncelli_chapel%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/225px-Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Stories_of_the_Virgin%2C_c1330%2C_Baroncelli_chapel%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Stories_of_the_Virgin%2C_c1330%2C_Baroncelli_chapel%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/300px-Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Stories_of_the_Virgin%2C_c1330%2C_Baroncelli_chapel%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5301" data-file-height="3762" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Taddeo Gaddi, <i>Stories of the Virgin</i> (c. 1330), Baroncelli chapel, north wall</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taddeo_Gaddi,_Arbor_vitae,_c1330-40_or_-60,_Santa_Croce_Refectory,_Florence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taddeo Gaddi, Arbor vitae (c. 1330–40 or –60), refectory"><img alt="Taddeo Gaddi, Arbor vitae (c. 1330–40 or –60), refectory" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Arbor_vitae%2C_c1330-40_or_-60%2C_Santa_Croce_Refectory%2C_Florence.jpg/150px-Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Arbor_vitae%2C_c1330-40_or_-60%2C_Santa_Croce_Refectory%2C_Florence.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Arbor_vitae%2C_c1330-40_or_-60%2C_Santa_Croce_Refectory%2C_Florence.jpg/225px-Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Arbor_vitae%2C_c1330-40_or_-60%2C_Santa_Croce_Refectory%2C_Florence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Arbor_vitae%2C_c1330-40_or_-60%2C_Santa_Croce_Refectory%2C_Florence.jpg/300px-Taddeo_Gaddi%2C_Arbor_vitae%2C_c1330-40_or_-60%2C_Santa_Croce_Refectory%2C_Florence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5107" data-file-height="3979" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Taddeo Gaddi, <i>Arbor vitae</i> (c. 1330–40 or –60), refectory</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence,_Santa_Croce,_apse,_Legend_of_the_True_Cross,_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi,_1385-1387_north.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Agnolo Gaddi, Legend of the True Cross (1385–1387), north wall of the apse"><img alt="Agnolo Gaddi, Legend of the True Cross (1385–1387), north wall of the apse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_north.jpg/100px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_north.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_north.jpg/150px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_north.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_north.jpg/200px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_north.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3205" data-file-height="4807" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Agnolo Gaddi, <i>Legend of the True Cross</i> (1385–1387), north wall of the apse</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence,_Santa_Croce,_apse,_Legend_of_the_True_Cross,_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi,_1385-1387_south.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Agnolo Gaddi, Legend of the True Cross (1385–1387), south wall of the apse"><img alt="Agnolo Gaddi, Legend of the True Cross (1385–1387), south wall of the apse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_south.jpg/100px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_south.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_south.jpg/150px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_south.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_south.jpg/200px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_apse%2C_Legend_of_the_True_Cross%2C_frescoe_cycle_by_Agnolo_Gaddi%2C_1385-1387_south.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3516" data-file-height="5274" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Agnolo Gaddi, <i>Legend of the True Cross</i> (1385–1387), south wall of the apse</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence,_Santa_Croce,_1294%E2%80%931385,_high_altar,_Madonna_by_Niccol%C3%B2_Gerini,_the_Doctors_of_the_Church_by_Giovanni_del_Biondo_and_NN.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="High altar with a Madonna by Niccolò Gerini, and the Doctors of the Church by Giovanni del Biondo and an unknown hand (14th ct.)"><img alt="High altar with a Madonna by Niccolò Gerini, and the Doctors of the Church by Giovanni del Biondo and an unknown hand (14th ct.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_1294%E2%80%931385%2C_high_altar%2C_Madonna_by_Niccol%C3%B2_Gerini%2C_the_Doctors_of_the_Church_by_Giovanni_del_Biondo_and_NN.jpg/150px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_1294%E2%80%931385%2C_high_altar%2C_Madonna_by_Niccol%C3%B2_Gerini%2C_the_Doctors_of_the_Church_by_Giovanni_del_Biondo_and_NN.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_1294%E2%80%931385%2C_high_altar%2C_Madonna_by_Niccol%C3%B2_Gerini%2C_the_Doctors_of_the_Church_by_Giovanni_del_Biondo_and_NN.jpg/225px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_1294%E2%80%931385%2C_high_altar%2C_Madonna_by_Niccol%C3%B2_Gerini%2C_the_Doctors_of_the_Church_by_Giovanni_del_Biondo_and_NN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_1294%E2%80%931385%2C_high_altar%2C_Madonna_by_Niccol%C3%B2_Gerini%2C_the_Doctors_of_the_Church_by_Giovanni_del_Biondo_and_NN.jpg/300px-Florence%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_1294%E2%80%931385%2C_high_altar%2C_Madonna_by_Niccol%C3%B2_Gerini%2C_the_Doctors_of_the_Church_by_Giovanni_del_Biondo_and_NN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5272" data-file-height="3954" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">High altar with a Madonna by <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_di_Pietro_Gerini" title="Niccolò di Pietro Gerini">Niccolò Gerini</a>, and the Doctors of the Church by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_del_Biondo" title="Giovanni del Biondo">Giovanni del Biondo</a> and an unknown hand (14th ct.)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Donatello,_Cavalcanti_Altar,_c1433-35,_Santa_Croce,_Florence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Donatello, Cavalcanti Annunciation (c. 1433–35)"><img alt="Donatello, Cavalcanti Annunciation (c. 1433–35)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Donatello%2C_Cavalcanti_Altar%2C_c1433-35%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/92px-Donatello%2C_Cavalcanti_Altar%2C_c1433-35%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Donatello%2C_Cavalcanti_Altar%2C_c1433-35%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/138px-Donatello%2C_Cavalcanti_Altar%2C_c1433-35%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Donatello%2C_Cavalcanti_Altar%2C_c1433-35%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/184px-Donatello%2C_Cavalcanti_Altar%2C_c1433-35%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3574" data-file-height="5806" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Donatello, <i>Cavalcanti Annunciation</i> (c. 1433–35)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Giorgio_Vasari,_Way_to_Calvary_and_Christ_Meeting_with_Veronica,_1568-72,_Buonarroti_altar,_Santa_Croce,_Florence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Giorgio Vasari, Way to Calvary and Christ Meeting with Veronica, 1568–72, Buonarroti altar"><img alt="Giorgio Vasari, Way to Calvary and Christ Meeting with Veronica, 1568–72, Buonarroti altar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Way_to_Calvary_and_Christ_Meeting_with_Veronica%2C_1568-72%2C_Buonarroti_altar%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/101px-Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Way_to_Calvary_and_Christ_Meeting_with_Veronica%2C_1568-72%2C_Buonarroti_altar%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Way_to_Calvary_and_Christ_Meeting_with_Veronica%2C_1568-72%2C_Buonarroti_altar%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/151px-Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Way_to_Calvary_and_Christ_Meeting_with_Veronica%2C_1568-72%2C_Buonarroti_altar%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Way_to_Calvary_and_Christ_Meeting_with_Veronica%2C_1568-72%2C_Buonarroti_altar%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/202px-Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Way_to_Calvary_and_Christ_Meeting_with_Veronica%2C_1568-72%2C_Buonarroti_altar%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3378" data-file-height="5012" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Giorgio Vasari, <i>Way to Calvary and Christ Meeting with Veronica</i>, 1568–72, Buonarroti altar</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funerary_monuments">Funerary monuments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Funerary monuments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_croce,_interno,_presbiterio,_lastra_tombale_di_Biordo_Ubertini,_1358-1430_circa_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Santa_croce%2C_interno%2C_presbiterio%2C_lastra_tombale_di_Biordo_Ubertini%2C_1358-1430_circa_01.jpg/220px-Santa_croce%2C_interno%2C_presbiterio%2C_lastra_tombale_di_Biordo_Ubertini%2C_1358-1430_circa_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Santa_croce%2C_interno%2C_presbiterio%2C_lastra_tombale_di_Biordo_Ubertini%2C_1358-1430_circa_01.jpg/330px-Santa_croce%2C_interno%2C_presbiterio%2C_lastra_tombale_di_Biordo_Ubertini%2C_1358-1430_circa_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Santa_croce%2C_interno%2C_presbiterio%2C_lastra_tombale_di_Biordo_Ubertini%2C_1358-1430_circa_01.jpg/440px-Santa_croce%2C_interno%2C_presbiterio%2C_lastra_tombale_di_Biordo_Ubertini%2C_1358-1430_circa_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="4648" /></a><figcaption>Medieval tombs on the floor (Knight Biordo Ubertini's, 1358-1430 ca.)</figcaption></figure> <p>The basilica became popular with Florentines as a place of worship and patronage and it became customary for greatly honoured Florentines to be buried or commemorated there. Some were in chapels "owned" by wealthy families such as the Bardi and Peruzzi. As time progressed, space was also granted to notable Italians from elsewhere. For 500 years monuments were erected in the church including those to: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Battista_Alberti" title="Leon Battista Alberti">Leon Battista Alberti</a> (15th-century architect and artistic theorist)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovan_Vincenzo_Alberti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovan Vincenzo Alberti (page does not exist)">Giovan Vincenzo Alberti</a> (Florentine senator and minister to first two Lorraine Grand-Dukes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Alfieri" title="Vittorio Alfieri">Vittorio Alfieri</a> (18th-century poet and dramatist) by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Canova" title="Antonio Canova">Antonio Canova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Barsanti" title="Eugenio Barsanti">Eugenio Barsanti</a> (co-inventor of the <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion engine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Bartolini" title="Lorenzo Bartolini">Lorenzo Bartolini</a> (19th-century sculptor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Clary" title="Julie Clary">Julie Clary</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a>, and their daughter <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Napol%C3%A9one_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte">Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> (1919 commemorative plaque, buried in <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Amboise" title="Château d'Amboise">Château d'Amboise</a> in France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Bruni" title="Leonardo Bruni">Leonardo Bruni</a> (15th-century chancellor of the Republic, scholar and historian) by <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Rossellino" title="Bernardo Rossellino">Bernardo Rossellino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante</a> (buried in <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Foscolo" title="Ugo Foscolo">Ugo Foscolo</a> (19th-century poet)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Gentile" title="Giovanni Gentile">Giovanni Gentile</a> (20th-century philosopher)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Ghiberti" title="Lorenzo Ghiberti">Lorenzo Ghiberti</a> (artist and bronze-smith)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Lami" title="Giovanni Lami">Giovanni Lami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Niccolò Machiavelli</a> by <a href="/wiki/Innocenzo_Spinazzi" title="Innocenzo Spinazzi">Innocenzo Spinazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Marsuppini" title="Carlo Marsuppini">Carlo Marsuppini</a> (15th-century chancellor of the Republic of Florence) by <a href="/wiki/Desiderio_da_Settignano" title="Desiderio da Settignano">Desiderio da Settignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Buonarroti" class="mw-redirect" title="Michelangelo Buonarroti">Michelangelo Buonarroti</a> by <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Vasari" title="Giorgio Vasari">Giorgio Vasari</a> with sculptures by Valerio Cioli, Iovanni Bandini, and <a href="/wiki/Battista_Lorenzi" title="Battista Lorenzi">Battista Lorenzi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffaello_Morghen" class="mw-redirect" title="Raffaello Morghen">Raffaello Morghen</a> (19th-century engraver)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Niccolini" title="Giovanni Battista Niccolini">Giovanni Battista Niccolini</a> (poet)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Gioachino Rossini</a> by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Cassioli" title="Giuseppe Cassioli">Giuseppe Cassioli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Louise_of_Stolberg-Gedern" title="Princess Louise of Stolberg-Gedern">Louise of Stolberg-Gedern</a> (wife of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Charles Edward Stuart</a>, '<a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Prince_Charlie" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonnie Prince Charlie">Bonnie Prince Charlie</a>')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a> (buried in his birthplace at <a href="/wiki/Sasso_Marconi" title="Sasso Marconi">Sasso Marconi</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a> (nuclear physicist, memorial only - Fermi is buried in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Illinois)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cloister_monuments">Cloister monuments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cloister monuments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_La_Farina" title="Giuseppe La Farina">Giuseppe La Farina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bernardo_(e_forse_Antonio)_Rossellino,_monumento_funebre_di_Leonardo_Bruni,_1450,_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bernardo Rossellino, Monumental tomb for Leonardo Bruni, 1445–50"><img alt="Bernardo Rossellino, Monumental tomb for Leonardo Bruni, 1445–50" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bernardo_%28e_forse_Antonio%29_Rossellino%2C_monumento_funebre_di_Leonardo_Bruni%2C_1450%2C_02.jpg/71px-Bernardo_%28e_forse_Antonio%29_Rossellino%2C_monumento_funebre_di_Leonardo_Bruni%2C_1450%2C_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="71" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bernardo_%28e_forse_Antonio%29_Rossellino%2C_monumento_funebre_di_Leonardo_Bruni%2C_1450%2C_02.jpg/107px-Bernardo_%28e_forse_Antonio%29_Rossellino%2C_monumento_funebre_di_Leonardo_Bruni%2C_1450%2C_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bernardo_%28e_forse_Antonio%29_Rossellino%2C_monumento_funebre_di_Leonardo_Bruni%2C_1450%2C_02.jpg/143px-Bernardo_%28e_forse_Antonio%29_Rossellino%2C_monumento_funebre_di_Leonardo_Bruni%2C_1450%2C_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2392" data-file-height="5000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bernardo Rossellino, Monumental tomb for Leonardo Bruni, 1445–50</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Desiderio_da_Settignano,_Memorial_Tomb_for_Carlo_Marsuppini,_1453-55,_Santa_Croce,_Florence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Desiderio da Settignano, Memorial Tomb for Carlo Marsuppini, 1453–55"><img alt="Desiderio da Settignano, Memorial Tomb for Carlo Marsuppini, 1453–55" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Desiderio_da_Settignano%2C_Memorial_Tomb_for_Carlo_Marsuppini%2C_1453-55%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/84px-Desiderio_da_Settignano%2C_Memorial_Tomb_for_Carlo_Marsuppini%2C_1453-55%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Desiderio_da_Settignano%2C_Memorial_Tomb_for_Carlo_Marsuppini%2C_1453-55%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/126px-Desiderio_da_Settignano%2C_Memorial_Tomb_for_Carlo_Marsuppini%2C_1453-55%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Desiderio_da_Settignano%2C_Memorial_Tomb_for_Carlo_Marsuppini%2C_1453-55%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/168px-Desiderio_da_Settignano%2C_Memorial_Tomb_for_Carlo_Marsuppini%2C_1453-55%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3294" data-file-height="5874" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Desiderio da Settignano, Memorial Tomb for Carlo Marsuppini, 1453–55</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz,_Florencia,_Italia,_2022-09-18,_DD_111.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Galileo's tomb"><img alt="Galileo's tomb" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_111.jpg/93px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_111.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_111.jpg/140px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_111.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_111.jpg/187px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_111.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="6935" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Galileo's tomb</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz,_Florencia,_Italia,_2022-09-18,_DD_110.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Michelangelo's tomb"><img alt="Michelangelo's tomb" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_110.jpg/100px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_110.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_110.jpg/151px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_110.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_110.jpg/201px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_la_Santa_Cruz%2C_Florencia%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-18%2C_DD_110.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4101" data-file-height="6115" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Michelangelo's tomb</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Innocenzo_Spinazzi,_monumento_funebre_a_niccol%C3%B2_machiavelli,_1787,_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Innocenzo Spinazzi, Monumental tomb of Niccolò Machiavelli, 1787"><img alt="Innocenzo Spinazzi, Monumental tomb of Niccolò Machiavelli, 1787" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Innocenzo_Spinazzi%2C_monumento_funebre_a_niccol%C3%B2_machiavelli%2C_1787%2C_01.jpg/89px-Innocenzo_Spinazzi%2C_monumento_funebre_a_niccol%C3%B2_machiavelli%2C_1787%2C_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Innocenzo_Spinazzi%2C_monumento_funebre_a_niccol%C3%B2_machiavelli%2C_1787%2C_01.jpg/134px-Innocenzo_Spinazzi%2C_monumento_funebre_a_niccol%C3%B2_machiavelli%2C_1787%2C_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Innocenzo_Spinazzi%2C_monumento_funebre_a_niccol%C3%B2_machiavelli%2C_1787%2C_01.jpg/178px-Innocenzo_Spinazzi%2C_monumento_funebre_a_niccol%C3%B2_machiavelli%2C_1787%2C_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2104" data-file-height="3536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Innocenzo Spinazzi, Monumental tomb of Niccolò Machiavelli, 1787</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorial_tomb_of_Vittorio_Fossombroni_(1754-1844),_Santa_Croce,_Florence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Memorial tomb of Vittorio Fossombroni (1754–1844), Santa Croce, Florence"><img alt="Memorial tomb of Vittorio Fossombroni (1754–1844), Santa Croce, Florence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Memorial_tomb_of_Vittorio_Fossombroni_%281754-1844%29%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/97px-Memorial_tomb_of_Vittorio_Fossombroni_%281754-1844%29%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Memorial_tomb_of_Vittorio_Fossombroni_%281754-1844%29%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/145px-Memorial_tomb_of_Vittorio_Fossombroni_%281754-1844%29%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Memorial_tomb_of_Vittorio_Fossombroni_%281754-1844%29%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg/194px-Memorial_tomb_of_Vittorio_Fossombroni_%281754-1844%29%2C_Santa_Croce%2C_Florence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3764" data-file-height="5816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Memorial tomb of Vittorio Fossombroni (1754–1844), Santa Croce, Florence</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stefano_Ricci,_monumento_a_dante_alighieri,_1829,_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cenotaph for Dante, 1829"><img alt="Cenotaph for Dante, 1829" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Stefano_Ricci%2C_monumento_a_dante_alighieri%2C_1829%2C_01.jpg/121px-Stefano_Ricci%2C_monumento_a_dante_alighieri%2C_1829%2C_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Stefano_Ricci%2C_monumento_a_dante_alighieri%2C_1829%2C_01.jpg/181px-Stefano_Ricci%2C_monumento_a_dante_alighieri%2C_1829%2C_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Stefano_Ricci%2C_monumento_a_dante_alighieri%2C_1829%2C_01.jpg/241px-Stefano_Ricci%2C_monumento_a_dante_alighieri%2C_1829%2C_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="3880" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cenotaph for Dante, 1829</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_literature">In literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Romola" title="Romola">Romola</a></i> (1863), <a href="/wiki/George_Eliot" title="George Eliot">George Eliot</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Room_with_a_View" title="A Room with a View">A Room with a View</a></i> (1908), <a href="/wiki/E.M._Forster" class="mw-redirect" title="E.M. Forster">E.M. Forster</a>, Chapter 2</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_(Harris_novel)" title="Hannibal (Harris novel)">Hannibal</a></i> (1999), <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Harris" title="Thomas Harris">Thomas Harris</a>, Chapter 35</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_medieval_Arabic_and_Western_European_domes" title="History of medieval Arabic and Western European domes">History of medieval Arabic and Western European domes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_Renaissance_domes" title="History of Italian Renaissance domes">History of Italian Renaissance domes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_early_modern_period_domes" title="History of early modern period domes">History of early modern period domes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Footnotes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A 20th-century restoration by <a href="/wiki/Leonetto_Tintori" title="Leonetto Tintori">Leonetto Tintori</a> revealed that the Peruzzi Chapel scenes were painted in <a href="/wiki/Tempera" title="Tempera">tempera</a> on dry plaster rather than true fresco.<sup id="cite_ref-world_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-world-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Citations</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-world-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-world_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-world_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEimerl1967" class="citation book cs1">Eimerl, Sarel (1967). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldofgiottoc100eime"><i>The World of Giotto: c. 1267–1337</i></a></span>. et al. Time-Life Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldofgiottoc100eime/page/139">139</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-900658-15-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-900658-15-0"><bdi>0-900658-15-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+Giotto%3A+c.+1267%E2%80%931337&rft.pages=139&rft.pub=Time-Life+Books&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=0-900658-15-0&rft.aulast=Eimerl&rft.aufirst=Sarel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldofgiottoc100eime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChiarini2007" class="citation web cs1">Chiarini, Gloria (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mega.it/eng/egui/monu/xbasilic.htm">"Basilica of Santa Croce"</a>. Florence Art Guide. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070729144419/http://www.mega.it/eng/egui/monu/xbasilic.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Basilica+of+Santa+Croce&rft.pub=Florence+Art+Guide&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Chiarini&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mega.it%2Feng%2Fegui%2Fmonu%2Fxbasilic.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCuminettiBonechi1969" class="citation book cs1">Cuminetti, Vittorio; Bonechi, Giampaolo, eds. (1969). <i>Florence: Glory of the Art</i>. Bonechi Editore. p. 39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Florence%3A+Glory+of+the+Art&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Bonechi+Editore&rft.date=1969&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBesse1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Besse, J M (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10453a.htm">"Suppression of Monasteries in Continental Europe: C. Italy"</a>. <i>Catholic Encyclopedia</i>. New Advent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070905222757/http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10453a.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+Monasteries+in+Continental+Europe%3A+C.+Italy&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=New+Advent&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Besse&rft.aufirst=J+M&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F10453a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070828062843/http://www.santacroce.firenze.it/english/storia%5Farte/sguardo/">"Santa Croce: Overview"</a>. Opera of Santa Croce. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.santacroce.firenze.it/english/storia_arte/sguardo/">the original</a> on 28 August 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Santa+Croce%3A+Overview&rft.pub=Opera+of+Santa+Croce&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.santacroce.firenze.it%2Fenglish%2Fstoria_arte%2Fsguardo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_la_CroixTanseyKirkpatrick1991" class="citation book cs1">De la Croix, Horst; Tansey, Richard G.; Kirkpatrick, Diane (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gardnersartthrou00gard/page/572"><i>Gardner's Art Through the Ages</i></a></span> (9th ed.). Thomson/Wadsworth. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gardnersartthrou00gard/page/572">572–73</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-15-503769-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-15-503769-2"><bdi>0-15-503769-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gardner%27s+Art+Through+the+Ages&rft.pages=572-73&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=Thomson%2FWadsworth&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-15-503769-2&rft.aulast=De+la+Croix&rft.aufirst=Horst&rft.au=Tansey%2C+Richard+G.&rft.au=Kirkpatrick%2C+Diane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgardnersartthrou00gard%2Fpage%2F572&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEimerl1967" class="citation book cs1">Eimerl, Sarel (1967). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldofgiottoc100eime"><i>The World of Giotto: c. 1267–1337</i></a></span>. et al. Time-Life Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldofgiottoc100eime/page/107">107</a>–8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-900658-15-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-900658-15-0"><bdi>0-900658-15-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+Giotto%3A+c.+1267%E2%80%931337&rft.pages=107-8&rft.pub=Time-Life+Books&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=0-900658-15-0&rft.aulast=Eimerl&rft.aufirst=Sarel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldofgiottoc100eime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.leatherschool.com">http://www.leatherschool.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060813073916/http://leatherschool.com/">Archived</a> 2006-08-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/10/20/tourist-killed-falling-masonry-famous-florence-church/">"Tourist killed by falling masonry at famous Florence church"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. Associated Press. October 20, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Tourist+killed+by+falling+masonry+in+famous+Florence+church&rft.date=2017-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Foct%2F19%2Ftourist-killed-by-falling-masonry-in-famous-florence-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGasperetti2017" class="citation news cs1">Gasperetti, Maco (October 20, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corriere.it/english/17_ottobre_20/collapse-at-santa-croce-florence-despite-safety-measures-da2595f0-b594-11e7-8b79-fd2501a89a96.shtml?refresh_ce-cp">"Collapse at Santa Croce in Florence despite safety measures"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Corriere.it" class="mw-redirect" title="Corriere.it">Corriere.it</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Corriere.it&rft.atitle=Collapse+at+Santa+Croce+in+Florence+despite+safety+measures&rft.date=2017-10-20&rft.aulast=Gasperetti&rft.aufirst=Maco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.corriere.it%2Fenglish%2F17_ottobre_20%2Fcollapse-at-santa-croce-florence-despite-safety-measures-da2595f0-b594-11e7-8b79-fd2501a89a96.shtml%3Frefresh_ce-cp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorsook1991" class="citation book cs1">Borsook, Eve (1991). Vincent Cronin (ed.). <i>The Companion Guide to Florence, 5th Edition</i>. HarperCollins; New York. pp. 100–104.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Companion+Guide+to+Florence%2C+5th+Edition&rft.pages=100-104&rft.pub=HarperCollins%3B+New+York&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Borsook&rft.aufirst=Eve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Croce%2C+Florence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" 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Florence">Museums</a>, galleries<br /> and palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bargello" title="Bargello">Bargello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Buonarroti" title="Casa Buonarroti">Casa Buonarroti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Guidi" title="Casa Guidi">Casa Guidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_dell%27Accademia" title="Galleria dell'Accademia">Galleria dell'Accademia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_(Michelangelo)" title="David (Michelangelo)"><i>David</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Archimedes" title="Garden of Archimedes">Garden of Archimedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_del_Bigallo" title="Loggia del Bigallo">Loggia del Bigallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_dei_Lanzi" title="Loggia dei Lanzi">Loggia dei Lanzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_del_Mercato_Nuovo" title="Loggia del Mercato Nuovo">Loggia del Mercato Nuovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_del_Pesce" title="Loggia del Pesce">Loggia del Pesce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_Rucellai" title="Loggia Rucellai">Loggia Rucellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_dell%27Opera_del_Duomo_(Florence)" title="Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Florence)">Museo dell'Opera del Duomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Galileo" title="Museo Galileo">Museo Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Nazionale_Alinari_della_Fotografia" title="Museo Nazionale Alinari della Fotografia">Museo Nazionale Alinari della Fotografia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Nazionale_di_San_Marco" title="Museo Nazionale di San Marco">Museo Nazionale di San Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_di_Storia_Naturale_di_Firenze" title="Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze">Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Specola" title="La Specola">La Specola</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Florence" title="National Archaeological Museum, Florence">National Archaeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsanmichele" title="Orsanmichele">Orsanmichele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti">Ospedale degli Innocenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_dell%27Arte_dei_Beccai" title="Palazzo dell'Arte dei Beccai">Palazzo dell'Arte dei Beccai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Davanzati" title="Palazzo Davanzati">Palazzo Davanzati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Della_Stufa" title="Palazzo Della Stufa">Palazzo Della Stufa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Gondi" title="Palazzo Gondi">Palazzo Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Medici_Riccardi" title="Palazzo Medici Riccardi">Palazzo Medici Riccardi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magi_Chapel" title="Magi Chapel">Magi Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Pitti" title="Palazzo Pitti">Palazzo Pitti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porcelain_Museum_(Florence)" title="Porcelain Museum (Florence)">Museo delle Porcellane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Spini_Feroni" title="Palazzo Spini Feroni">Palazzo Spini Feroni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Strozzi" title="Palazzo Strozzi">Palazzo Strozzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Vecchio" title="Palazzo Vecchio">Palazzo Vecchio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Studiolo_of_Francesco_I" title="Studiolo of Francesco I">Studiolo of Francesco I</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stibbert_Museum" title="Stibbert Museum">Stibbert Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uffizi" title="Uffizi">Uffizi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vasari_Corridor" title="Vasari Corridor">Vasari Corridor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FlorenceCoA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FlorenceCoA.svg/60px-FlorenceCoA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FlorenceCoA.svg/90px-FlorenceCoA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FlorenceCoA.svg/120px-FlorenceCoA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Basilicas" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Basilicas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Cathedral" title="Florence Cathedral">Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">S Croce</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroncelli_Chapel" title="Baroncelli Chapel">Baroncelli Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pazzi_Chapel" title="Pazzi Chapel">Pazzi Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_San_Lorenzo,_Florence" title="Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence">S Lorenzo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medici_Chapels" title="Medici Chapels">Medici Chapels</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Novella" title="Santa Maria Novella">S Maria Novella</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tornabuoni_Chapel" title="Tornabuoni Chapel">Tornabuoni Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santissima_Annunziata,_Florence" title="Santissima Annunziata, Florence">SS Annunziata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marco,_Florence" title="San Marco, Florence">S Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Carmine,_Florence" title="Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence">S Maria del Carmine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brancacci_Chapel" title="Brancacci Chapel">Brancacci Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Miniato_al_Monte" title="San Miniato al Monte">S Miniato al Monte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Spirito,_Florence" title="Santo Spirito, Florence">S Spirito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Trinita" title="Santa Trinita">S Trinita</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bartolini_Salimbeni_Chapel" title="Bartolini Salimbeni Chapel">Bartolini Salimbeni Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassetti_Chapel" title="Sassetti Chapel">Sassetti Chapel</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Florence" title="Category:Churches in Florence">Churches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badia_Fiorentina" title="Badia Fiorentina">Badia Fiorentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Baptistery" title="Florence Baptistery">Battistero di San Giovanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Charterhouse" title="Florence Charterhouse">Certosa del Galluzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ognissanti,_Florence" title="Ognissanti, Florence">Ognissanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratorio_dei_Vanchetoni" title="Oratorio dei Vanchetoni">Oratorio dei Vanchetoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_Ges%C3%B9_Pellegrino" title="Oratory of Gesù Pellegrino">Oratory of Gesù Pellegrino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_St_Thomas_Aquinas,_Florence" title="Oratory of St Thomas Aquinas, Florence">Oratory of S Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsanmichele" title="Orsanmichele">Orsanmichele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Ambrogio,_Florence" title="Sant'Ambrogio, Florence">S Ambrogio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Apostoli,_Florence" title="Santi Apostoli, Florence">Ss Apostoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Felicita,_Florence" title="Santa Felicita, Florence">S Felicita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Frediano_in_Cestello" title="San Frediano in Cestello">S Frediano in Cestello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Gaetano,_Florence" title="San Gaetano, Florence">S Gaetano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovannino_degli_Scolopi" title="San Giovannino degli Scolopi">S Giovannino degli Scolopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovannino_dei_Cavalieri" title="San Giovannino dei Cavalieri">S Giovannino dei Cavalieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jacopo_sopr%27Arno" title="San Jacopo sopr'Arno">S Jacopo sopr'Arno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli,_Florence" title="Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence">S Maria degli Angeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maddalena_dei_Pazzi" title="Santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi">S Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore,_Florence" title="Santa Maria Maggiore, Florence">S Maria Maggiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Martino_del_Vescovo" title="San Martino del Vescovo">S Martino del Vescovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pancrazio,_Florence" title="San Pancrazio, Florence">S Pancrazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Salvatore_al_Vescovo" title="San Salvatore al Vescovo">S Salvatore al Vescovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Salvi" title="San Salvi">S Salvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Simone_e_Giuda,_Florence" title="Santi Simone e Giuda, Florence">Ss Simone e Giuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_al_Ponte" title="Santo Stefano al Ponte">S Stefano al Ponte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_of_Florence" title="Great Synagogue of Florence">Great Synagogue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towers (Torri)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torre_degli_Amidei" title="Torre degli Amidei">degli Amidei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_degli_Alberti" title="Torre degli Alberti">degli Alberti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Belfredelli" title="Torre dei Belfredelli">dei Belfredelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Della_Bella" title="Torre dei Della Bella">dei Della Bella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Gianfigliazzi" title="Torre dei Gianfigliazzi">dei Gianfigliazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Mannelli" title="Torre dei Mannelli">dei Mannelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Pulci" title="Torre dei Pulci">dei Pulci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giotto%27s_Campanile" title="Giotto's Campanile">Giotto's Campanile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Library</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Riccardiana" title="Biblioteca Riccardiana">Biblioteca Riccardiana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Medici_Riccardi" title="Palazzo Medici Riccardi">Palazzo Medici Riccardi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Institute_of_Florence" title="British Institute of Florence">British Institute of Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabinetto_Vieusseux" title="Gabinetto Vieusseux">Gabinetto Vieusseux</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Strozzi" title="Palazzo Strozzi">Palazzo Strozzi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunsthistorisches_Institut_in_Florenz" title="Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz">Kunsthistorisches Institut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurentian_Library" title="Laurentian Library">Laurentian Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Central_Library_(Florence)" title="National Central Library (Florence)">National Central Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_of_Neptune,_Florence" title="Fountain of Neptune, Florence">Fountain of Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giotto%27s_Campanile" title="Giotto's Campanile">Giotto's Campanile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_Dante" title="Monument to Dante">Monument to Dante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponte_Vecchio" title="Ponte Vecchio">Ponte Vecchio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theatres_in_Florence" title="Theatres in Florence">Theatres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_Comunale,_Florence" title="Teatro Comunale, Florence">Teatro Comunale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_della_Pergola" title="Teatro della Pergola">Teatro della Pergola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_Verdi_(Florence)" title="Teatro Verdi (Florence)">Teatro Verdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_squares_in_Florence" title="List of squares in Florence">Squares</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_del_Duomo,_Florence" title="Piazza del Duomo, Florence">Piazza del Duomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_della_Repubblica,_Florence" title="Piazza della Repubblica, Florence">Piazza della Repubblica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_della_Signoria" title="Piazza della Signoria">Piazza della Signoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Santa_Croce" title="Piazza Santa Croce">Piazza Santa Croce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_San_Lorenzo" title="Piazza San Lorenzo">Piazza San Lorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazzale_Michelangelo" title="Piazzale Michelangelo">Piazzale Michelangelo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_Camillo_Cavour" title="Via Camillo Cavour">Via Cavour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_de%27_Tornabuoni" title="Via de' Tornabuoni">Via de' Tornabuoni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belvedere_(fort)" title="Belvedere (fort)">Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortezza_da_Basso" title="Fortezza da Basso">Fortezza da Basso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gardens and parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bardini_Gardens" title="Bardini Gardens">Bardini Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boboli_Gardens" title="Boboli Gardens">Boboli Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giardino_dell%27Iris" title="Giardino dell'Iris">Giardino dell'Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giardino_delle_Rose" title="Giardino delle Rose">Giardino delle Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orto_Botanico_di_Firenze" title="Orto Botanico di Firenze">Orto Botanico di Firenze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parco_delle_Cascine" title="Parco delle Cascine">Parco delle Cascine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medici_villas" title="Medici villas">Medici villas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Villa_di_Castello" title="Villa di Castello">di Castello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_La_Petraia" title="Villa La Petraia">La Petraia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Medici_at_Careggi" title="Villa Medici at Careggi">di Careggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Medicea_L%27Ambrogiana" title="Villa Medicea L'Ambrogiana">Medicea L'Ambrogiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_del_Poggio_Imperiale" title="Villa del Poggio Imperiale">del Poggio Imperiale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Gamberaia" title="Villa Gamberaia">Gamberaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_I_Tatti" title="Villa I Tatti">I Tatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Il_Gioiello" title="Villa Il Gioiello">Il Gioiello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_La_Pietra" title="Villa La Pietra">La Pietra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Rusciano" title="Villa Rusciano">Rusciano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcio_storico_fiorentino" title="Calcio storico fiorentino">Calcio storico fiorentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggio_Musicale_Fiorentino" title="Maggio Musicale Fiorentino">Maggio Musicale Fiorentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoppio_del_carro" title="Scoppio del carro">Scoppio del carro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Districts_of_Florence" title="Category:Districts of Florence">Districts of Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Florence" title="Trams in Florence">Trams in Florence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51177#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51177#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51177#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000107444542">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/125456494">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4119854-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50003861">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Santa Croce (kostel : Florencie, Itálie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0122517&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90193866">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000345697&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/3072">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007267669005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/20016762">Structurae</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/114318115">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output 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