CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="sv" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Malm – Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )svwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","januari","februari","mars","april","maj","juni","juli","augusti","september","oktober","november","december"],"wgRequestId":"f8da910e-f668-441e-901a-ef2543bb9f16","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Malm","wgTitle":"Malm","wgCurRevisionId":55795139,"wgRevisionId":55795139,"wgArticleId":16371,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Ugglan","Naturresurser","Gruvdrift","Geologi"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"sv","wgPageContentLanguage":"sv","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Malm","wgRelevantArticleId":16371,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"sv","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"sv"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":8000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q102798","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.babel":"ready","ext.gadget.geo":"ready","ext.gadget.warnings":"ready","ext.gadget.tags":"ready","ext.gadget.error":"ready","ext.gadget.referenser":"ready","ext.gadget.printonly":"ready","ext.gadget.tables":"ready","ext.gadget.toccolours":"ready","ext.gadget.smallTagFontSize":"ready","ext.gadget.videoPlayButton":"ready","ext.gadget.WikidataDescriptionStyles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.editsection0","ext.gadget.ProtectionIndicators","ext.gadget.GeoboxLocatorMulti","ext.gadget.InterwikiBadges","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.NewSection","ext.gadget.ExkluderaRobotskapadeSidor","ext.gadget.Nearby","ext.gadget.InterProjectLinks","ext.gadget.cgiircbox","ext.gadget.withJS","ext.gadget.CommonsFileLinks","ext.gadget.tableSorterCollation","ext.gadget.WikidataDescription","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=ext.gadget.WikidataDescriptionStyles%2Cbabel%2Cerror%2Cgeo%2Cprintonly%2Creferenser%2CsmallTagFontSize%2Ctables%2Ctags%2Ctoccolours%2CvideoPlayButton%2Cwarnings&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Banded_iron_formation.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="722"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Banded_iron_formation.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="481"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="385"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Malm – Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//sv.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malm"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Redigera" href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (sv)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//sv.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malm"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-flöde" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Malm rootpage-Malm skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Hoppa till innehållet</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Huvudmeny" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Huvudmeny" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Huvudmeny</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Huvudmeny</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bybrunnen"><span>Bybrunnen</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar" title="Lista över de senaste ändringarna på wikin [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Senaste ändringarna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Slumpsida" title="Gå till en slumpmässigt vald sida [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Slumpartikel</span></a></li><li id="n-filuppladdning" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Ladda upp filer till Wikimedia Commons"><span>Ladda upp filer</span></a></li><li id="n-Kontakta-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakta Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hj%C3%A4lp" title="Platsen där du hittar hjälp"><span>Hjälp</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sv.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:S%C3%B6k" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Sök i svenskspråkiga Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Sök</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Sök på Wikipedia" aria-label="Sök på Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Sök i svenskspråkiga Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Sök"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Sök</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personliga verktyg"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Ändra utseendet på sidans teckenstorlek, bredd och färg" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utseende</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Malm" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Malm" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Malm" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Malm" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Oxider" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oxider"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Oxider</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oxider-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innehållsförteckning" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Malm</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 77 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85" title="خام – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiz" title="Filiz – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Filiz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95" title="আকরিক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আকরিক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D2%93%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Мәғдән – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мәғдән" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Руда – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Руда" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%96)" title="Руда (карысныя выкапні) – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Руда (карысныя выкапні)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Руда – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Руда" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ruda" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mena" title="Mena – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mena" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%C4%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85)" title="Тăправ (пайталлă тупнăлăх) – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тăправ (пайталлă тупнăлăх)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ruda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitofu_(mugodhi)" title="Chitofu (mugodhi) – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chitofu (mugodhi)" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malm" title="Malm – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Malm" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erz" title="Erz – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maak" title="Maak – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maak" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Μετάλλευμα – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μετάλλευμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ore" title="Ore – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ore" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mena_(miner%C3%ADa)" title="Mena (minería) – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mena (minería)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erco" title="Erco – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Erco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mea" title="Mea – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF" title="کانسنگ – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کانسنگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerai" title="Minerai – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Minerai" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EC%84%9D" title="광석 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="광석" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9" title="Հանքանյութ – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հանքանյութ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="अयस्क – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अयस्क" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralne_sirovine" title="Mineralne sirovine – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mineralne sirovine" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erco" title="Erco – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Erco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijih" title="Bijih – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bijih" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_crude" title="Mineral crude – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mineral crude" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1lmgr%C3%BDti" title="Málmgrýti – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Málmgrýti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerale_grezzo" title="Minerale grezzo – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Minerale grezzo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%94_(%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%91)" title="עפרה (מחצב) – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עפרה (מחצב)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81" title="ಅದಿರು – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅದಿರು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მადანი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მადანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Кен – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtapo" title="Mtapo – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mtapo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minr%C3%A8" title="Minrè – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Minrè" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Кен таш – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кен таш" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%ABda" title="Rūda – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rūda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84erz" title="Äerz – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Äerz" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%ABda" title="Rūda – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rūda" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89rc" title="Érc – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Érc" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Руда – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Руда" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D" title="അയിര് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അയിര്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijih" title="Bijih – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bijih" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%82_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Ашигт малтмалын орд – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ашигт малтмалын орд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="သတ္တုကျောက်ရိုင်း – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သတ္တုကျောက်ရိုင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ertsgesteente" title="Ertsgesteente – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ertsgesteente" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%B1%E7%9F%B3" title="鉱石 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鉱石" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malm" title="Malm – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Malm" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malm" title="Malm – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Malm" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda_(mineral_hosila)" title="Ruda (mineral hosila) – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ruda (mineral hosila)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4" title="ਕੱਚੀ ਧਾਤ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੱਚੀ ਧਾਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ierz" title="Ierz – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ierz" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ruda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%A9rio" title="Minério – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Minério" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minereu" title="Minereu – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Minereu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuqi" title="Chuqi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chuqi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Руда – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Руда" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ore" title="Ore – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ore" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ruda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ruda" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Руда – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Руда" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ruda" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malmi" title="Malmi – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Malmi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கனிமூலம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கனிமூலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azara" title="Azara – kabyliska" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Azara" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="ముడిఖనిజం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ముడిఖనిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maden_cevheri" title="Maden cevheri – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Maden cevheri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Руда – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Руда" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%B7ng" title="Quặng – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quặng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6" title="礦 – litterär kineiska" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="礦" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="litterär kineiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E7%9F%B3" title="矿石 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="矿石" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5" title="ארץ – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ארץ" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%9F%B3" title="礦石 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="礦石" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%ABd%C4%97" title="Rūdė – samogitiska" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Rūdė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E7%9F%B3" title="矿石 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="矿石" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102798#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Malm" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Malm" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Malm"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Malm"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Malm" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Malm" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&oldid=55795139" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Malm&id=55795139&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMalm"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMalm"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Malm"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Malm&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ore" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102798" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas hatnote"> <dl><dd><i>För efternamnet, se <a href="/wiki/Malm_(efternamn)" class="mw-disambig" title="Malm (efternamn)">Malm (efternamn)</a>.  För andra betydelser, se <a href="/wiki/Malm_(olika_betydelser)" class="mw-disambig" title="Malm (olika betydelser)">Malm (olika betydelser)</a>.</i></dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Banded_iron_formation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Banded_iron_formation.jpg/250px-Banded_iron_formation.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Banded_iron_formation.jpg/375px-Banded_iron_formation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Banded_iron_formation.jpg/500px-Banded_iron_formation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption>Bandad <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rnmalm" title="Järnmalm">Järnmalm</a> från Ukraina</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Malm</b> är något av de <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bergart" title="Bergart">bergarter</a> eller andra beståndsdelar av <a href="/wiki/Berggrund" title="Berggrund">berggrunden</a> (eller lösa <a href="/wiki/Jordlager" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordlager">jordlager</a>) som kan användas för utvinning av <a href="/wiki/Metall" title="Metall">metaller</a> eller andra värdefulla ämnen. Endast de mineral eller bergarter som innehåller ett värdefullt ämne i tillräckligt hög koncentration och i lämplig form för ekonomiskt lönsam utvinning kallas malmer. </p><p>Malm kan brytas under jord i <a href="/wiki/Gruva" class="mw-redirect" title="Gruva">gruvor</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Dagbrott" title="Dagbrott">dagbrott</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Vaskning" title="Vaskning">vaskas</a> fram. </p><p>Liksom alla mineral delas malmerna in efter sin kemiska sammansättning. Malmer betecknas ofta efter den metall eller det ämne som kan utvinnas ur dem. Mineralerna <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">magnetit</a> och <a href="/wiki/Hematit" title="Hematit">hematit</a> är exempel på <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rnmalm" title="Järnmalm">järnmalm</a>, som används för utvinning av <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rn" title="Järn">järn</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oxider">Oxider</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Oxider" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Oxider"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vanligen utgörs malmerna av <a href="/wiki/Oxid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxid">oxider</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Svavel" title="Svavel">svavelföreningar</a>, i de flesta fall ej rena, utan blandade med andra för metallurgiskt ändamål värdelösa mineral, som till exempel kvarts. </p><p>De i naturen förekommande gedigna metallerna (<a href="/wiki/Guld" title="Guld">guld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">platina</a> m.fl.) kan således inte i egentlig mening kallas malmer, även om de hittas insprängda uti eller är blandade med andra mineral, utan få då andra namn (guldkvarts, guldhaltig svavelkis, platinaförande sand o.s.v.). Men däremot säger man, att <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">magnetit</a> är en järnmalm och <a href="/wiki/Kopparkis" title="Kopparkis">kopparkis</a> en kopparmalm, då de är oxider och svavelföreningar av järn och koppar samt användbara för utvinning av dessa metaller. De viktigaste malmerna är guld och silvermalm, koppar-zink-blymalm, tennmalm (<a href="/wiki/Kassiterit" title="Kassiterit">kassiterit</a>), manganmalm, järnmalm, koppar-nickel-koboltmalm. Malmernas olika värde beror dels på den metall de innehåller, malmkroppens form samt metallhalten i malmen. </p><p>Malmerna uppträder i naturen på vissa väl skilda sätt, som ur geologisk synpunkt kan klassificeras på följande sätt: malm-<i><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%B6ts" title="Flöts">flötser</a></i>, som är inlagrade mellan sedimentära formationer, malm-<i>lager</i>, som är inlagrade mellan kristalliniska bergarter och malm-<i>gångar</i>, vilka genomsätta den omgivande bergarten och därvid övertvära skiffringsriktningen. De båda förra slagen av malmer är av samma ålder som bergarten; det tredje slaget är yngre än den omgivande bergarten. </p><p>Malm-<i>flötser</i> har blivit avlagrade i vatten tillsammans med de lager av sandsten, lerskiffer, kalksten i eller andra bergarter, som omger dem. De förekomma därför i bäddar av växlande mäktighet, med jämförelsevis stor utbredning i förhållande till mäktigheten. Stundom har malmmineralet blivit fint fördelat i ett visst lager av bergarten, t. ex. guldet i guldmalmerna i Witvatersrand, Sydafrika. </p><p>Malm<i>lager</i> är inbäddade mellan de kristalliniska bergarternas skikt, men de har inte en så regelbunden form som flötserna, utan mäktigheten är oftast varierande. Ofta har dessa malmer en mer eller mindre utpräglad lins- eller körtelform. Sådana malmer kan antingen själva vara skiktade eller också endast genom sitt läge visa, att de tillhöra skiktsystemet och är vanligen bildade samtidigt med de omgivande lagren av gnejs, leptit, marmor o.s.v., som omger dem. Exempel på sådana malmlager är de i Sverige, Förenta staterna och på flera andra ställen förekommande bandade järnmalmerna. Likaledes uppträda zinkblände, svavelkis och kopparkis m.fl. malmer i form avlager. Då ett malmlager är mycket oregelbundet och har sin utsträckning huvudsakligen i en riktning, kallas det en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malmstock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malmstock [inte skriven än]">malmstock</a> eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lagerstock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lagerstock [inte skriven än]">lagerstock</a>. </p><p>Malmgångar är av flera slag alltefter innehållet och dettas fördelning i gången, men alla karakteriserade därigenom, att de är yngre än den omgivande bergarten. Oftast övertvärar de skiktningen, men kan även gå parallellt därmed och benämnas då lagergångar. De har bildats genom fyllning av sprickor och kaviteter i bergarten. I vissa kalkstenar och <a href="/wiki/Dolomit" title="Dolomit">dolomiter</a> har kanaler och oregelbundna hålor uppstått genom den lösande inverkan av underjordiskt vatten. Andra bergarter har blivit genomsatta av sprickor eller sönderkrossats av rörelser i berget, så att oregelbundna mellanrum uppstått. I sådana håligheter har avsatt sig malmer och andra mineral, ofta vackert kristalliserade; de ha ditförts genom i håligheterna cirkulerande vatten, genom <a href="/wiki/Sublimation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sublimation">sublimation</a> hydrotermala processer eller på annat sätt. Sådana malmgångar skall inte blandas ihop med de gångar av smälta, eruptiva bergarter, t.ex. <a href="/wiki/Andesit" title="Andesit">andesit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basalt</a> o.s.v., som inpressats från en magmakammare. Det finns gångar av mycket olika mäktighet, från en millimeter till flera hundra meter. Även en och samma gång växlar ofta i mäktighet, vilket beror därpå, att en rörelse eller förskjutning ägt rum hos någon av sidobergarterna. Med avseende på innehållet indelar man gångarna i enkla, som består av endast ett mineral, och sammansatta, som innehåller flera mineral. De vanligaste malmer, som förekommer i gångar, är <a href="/wiki/Oxid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxid">oxider</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfidmalmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfidmalmer [inte skriven än]">sulfidhaltiga malmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karbonat" title="Karbonat">karbonat</a> och <a href="/wiki/Sulfat" title="Sulfat">sulfat</a>, t. ex. <a href="/wiki/Kassiterit" title="Kassiterit">kassiterit</a> (tennmalm), <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rnglans" class="mw-redirect" title="Järnglans">järnglans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blyglans" title="Blyglans">blyglans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zinkbl%C3%A4nde" title="Zinkblände">zinkblände</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malakit" title="Malakit">malakit</a>, guld och silver. Andra gångmineral (ej malmer) är <a href="/wiki/Kvarts" title="Kvarts">kvarts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalcit" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalcit">kalcit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flusspat" class="mw-redirect" title="Flusspat">flusspat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baryt" title="Baryt">baryt</a> m.fl. </p><p>Med avseende på strukturen kan man särskilja <i>massiv</i> struktur, då ingen regelbunden anordning av mineralbeståndsdelarna förekommer; <i>bandad</i> struktur, då de olika mineralen är ordnade i parallella lager, det ena utanpå det andra (oftast förekommer två varandra motsvarande lager av samma mineral på var sin sida om gångens mitt, och den blandade strukturen blir då symmetrisk); <i>brecciaartad</i> struktur, då gången innehåller kantiga fragment av den omgivande bergarten, cementerade av gångmineral och malmer; <i>drusig</i> struktur, då gången innehåller hålrum beklädda med kristalliserade mineral. </p><p>Malmerna förekommer under många former på mineralgångarna. Stundom är de fördelade i fina korn eller trådar (koppar- och svavelkis), eller uppträder de i oregelbundna strängar, mosslika eller bladformade bildningar, eller är de fördelade i lager, omväxlande med andra mineral, eller uppfylla de hela gångens massa (svavelkis och blyglans). Ofta är de vackert kristalliserade, varför många mineralgångar är bekanta för de praktfulla <a href="/wiki/Geod" title="Geod">kristalldruser</a>, som därifrån hämtas. Ofta skär olika malmgångar varandra, varvid naturligtvis den yngre gången övertvärar den äldre; den senare blir dessutom ofta <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rkastning" title="Förkastning">"förkastad"</a>. </p><p>I många malmdistrikt kan spåras olika system av malmgångar, som skär varandra samt är av olika ålder och mineralogisk beskaffenhet. I sydvästra England t.ex. har man ett system av gångar, gående i nordvästlig riktning, vilket skär ett annat, gående nästan i ö.-v. Det förra systemet innehåller huvudsakligen bly och järn, det senare koppar- och tennmalmer. </p><p>Många mineralgångar fortsätter från en bergart in i en annan, utan att deras natur förändras, medan andra är beroende av sidostenen, i det att de vid utträdandet ur en bergart i en annan förlora någon mineralbeståndsdel. Sådant är t.ex. fallet med de guldförande mineralgångarna i <a href="/wiki/Trakyt" title="Trakyt">trakyt</a> i Ungern och <a href="/wiki/Siebenburgen" class="mw-redirect" title="Siebenburgen">Siebenburgen</a>, vilka vid utträdandet ur trakyten förlorar sin guldhalt. Då gångar har en mera oregelbunden form och deras huvudutsträckning är i en riktning, benämnas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stockar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stockar [inte skriven än]">stockar</a> eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A5ngstock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gångstock [inte skriven än]">gångstockar</a>. Dessa bildas genom utfyllning av irreguljära hålrum, ofta i kalk eller <a href="/wiki/Dolomit" title="Dolomit">dolomit</a>. </p><p>Med <i>stockverk</i> förstår man en samling av små malmgångar, som alldeles genomtränger och uppfyller bergarten, så att denna i sin helhet kan brytas som malm, fastän varje gång för sig är för obetydlig att tillgodogöras. De tennförande stockverken från <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a> och <a href="/wiki/Sachsen" title="Sachsen">Sachsen</a> lämnar goda exempel på detta slag av malmfyndigheter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gruvdrift" title="Gruvdrift">gruvdrift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A5berg" title="Gråberg">gråberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%A5der" title="Malmåder">malmåder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmalm" title="Myrmalm">myrmalm</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malm&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbq/0340.html">Malm</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> (andra upplagan, 1912)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malm&oldid=55795139">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malm&oldid=55795139</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Naturresurser" title="Kategori:Naturresurser">Naturresurser</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Gruvdrift" title="Kategori:Gruvdrift">Gruvdrift</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Geologi" title="Kategori:Geologi">Geologi</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Dold kategori: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Ugglan" title="Kategori:Ugglan">Ugglan</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 22 augusti 2024 kl. 18.16.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. För bilder, se respektive bildsida (klicka på bilden). Se vidare <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Upphovsr%C3%A4tt" title="Wikipedia:Upphovsrätt">Wikipedia:Upphovsrätt</a> och <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">användarvillkor</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Wikimedias integritetspolicy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Om">Om Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Allm%C3%A4nt_f%C3%B6rbeh%C3%A5ll">Förbehåll</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Uppförandekod</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Utvecklare</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/sv.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Information om kakor</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//sv.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malm&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilvy</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Sök</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Sök på Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Sök"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Sök</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Malm</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>77 språk</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Nytt ämne</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c6f46dcf-84ks4","wgBackendResponseTime":109,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.032","walltime":"0.155","ppvisitednodes":{"value":255,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1006,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":289,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 14.328 1 -total"," 51.35% 7.357 1 Mall:Runeberg.org"," 47.91% 6.865 1 Mall:För"," 27.81% 3.985 1 Mall:Hänvisning_bas"," 13.97% 2.002 1 Mall:Hänvisning2"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-75687f9f4b-5j8fm","timestamp":"20250321235048","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Malm","url":"https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malm","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q102798","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q102798","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bidragsgivare till Wikimedia-projekten"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-08-13T21:09:13Z","dateModified":"2024-08-22T16:16:38Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/36\/Banded_iron_formation.jpg","headline":"mineral bergart"}</script> </body> </html>