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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Жанире лӀугьине</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Персоналал тӀагӀалаби" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Персоналал тӀагӀалаби</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Пользовательское меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_av.wikipedia.org&uselang=av"><span>Кьел</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1:%D0%A3%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%86%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%86%D1%83%D1%86%D0%86%D1%86%D0%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Нужее рекомендацион кьолеб буго аккаунт гьабизе ва жанире лӀугьине, амма гьеб тӀадаб жо гуро."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Аккаунт гьабизе</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1:%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%BD&returnto=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Нужее рекомендацион кьолеб буго системаялда регистрация гьабизе, амма гьеб тӀадаб жо гуро. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Жанире лӀугьине</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страницы для неавторизованных редакторов <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA:%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Подробнее о редактировании"><span>узнать больше</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1:%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Список правок, сделанных с этого IP-адреса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Вклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1:%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%86%D1%81" title="Страница обсуждений для моего IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Гьоркьолъей</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eскрыть\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"av\" 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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмудал_аслиял_гIаламатал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмудал_аслиял_гIаламатал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ГIелмудал аслиял гIаламатал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIелмудал_аслиял_гIаламатал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тарих" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тарих"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Тарих</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тарих-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмияб_сообщество" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмияб_сообщество"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ГIелмияб сообщество</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ГIелмияб_сообщество-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Отобразить/Скрыть подраздел ГIелмияб сообщество</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ГIелмияб_сообщество-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ГIалимзаби" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIалимзаби"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>ГIалимзаби</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIалимзаби-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмиял_идараби" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмиял_идараби"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>ГIелмиял идараби</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIелмиял_идараби-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Халкъаздагьоркьосел_институтал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Халкъаздагьоркьосел_институтал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Халкъаздагьоркьосел институтал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Халкъаздагьоркьосел_институтал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Шапакъал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Шапакъал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Шапакъал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Шапакъал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмияб_къагIида" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмияб_къагIида"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>ГIелмияб къагIида</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ГIелмияб_къагIида-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Отобразить/Скрыть подраздел ГIелмияб къагIида</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ГIелмияб_къагIида-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ЦIех-рехалъул_ккураб_рахъ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ЦIех-рехалъул_ккураб_рахъ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>ЦIех-рехалъул ккураб рахъ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ЦIех-рехалъул_ккураб_рахъ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмуялъул_философия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмуялъул_философия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>ГIелмуялъул философия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIелмуялъул_философия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Дунялалъул_гIелмияб_сурат" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Дунялалъул_гIелмияб_сурат"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Дунялалъул гIелмияб сурат</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Дунялалъул_гIелмияб_сурат-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Классификация" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Классификация"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Классификация</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Классификация-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Отобразить/Скрыть подраздел Классификация</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Классификация-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Цебе_заманалда" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Цебе_заманалда"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Цебе заманалда</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Цебе_заманалда-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гьоркьохъел_гIасрабазда" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гьоркьохъел_гIасрабазда"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Гьоркьохъел гIасрабазда</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гьоркьохъел_гIасрабазда-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмабазул_таблица" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмабазул_таблица"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>ГIелмабазул таблица</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIелмабазул_таблица-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ЦебетIей" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ЦебетIей"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>ЦебетIей</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ЦебетIей-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ЦIияб_гIелму_гIуцIи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ЦIияб_гIелму_гIуцIи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>ЦIияб гIелму гIуцIи</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ЦIияб_гIелму_гIуцIи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмияб_лъаялъул_элементал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмияб_лъаялъул_элементал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>ГIелмияб лъаялъул элементал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIелмияб_лъаялъул_элементал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелмияб_адабият" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелмияб_адабият"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>ГIелмияб адабият</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIелмияб_адабият-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГIелму_машгьур_гьаби" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГIелму_машгьур_гьаби"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>ГIелму машгьур гьаби</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГIелму_машгьур_гьаби-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гьереси_гIелму" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гьереси_гIелму"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Гьереси гIелму</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гьереси_гIелму-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Баянал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Баянал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Баянал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Баянал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Содержание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Отобразить/Скрыть содержание" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Отобразить/Скрыть содержание</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ГӀелму</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перейти к статье на другом языке. Доступно на 239 языках" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-239" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">239 мацӀ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenskap" title="Wetenskap — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wetenskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissenschaft" title="Wissenschaft — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wissenschaft" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" title="ሳይንስ — амхарский" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳይንስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witancr%C3%A6ft" title="Witancræft — староанглийский" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Witancræft" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान — ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="жакъа тІаса бищараб макъала"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم — арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B5" title="صيونص — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="صيونص" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বিজ্ঞান — ассамский" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opa" title="Opa — Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Opa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatxatawi" title="Yatxatawi — аймара" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Yatxatawi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm" title="Elm — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="жакъа тІаса бищараб макъала"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Фән — башкирский" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фән" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissnschoft" title="Wissnschoft — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wissnschoft" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muokslos" title="Muokslos — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Muokslos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensya" title="Siyensya — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Siyensya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Навука — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Навука" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Навука — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Навука" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="बिज्ञान — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saens" title="Saens — бислама" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Saens" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="бислама" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains — Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="သိပ္ပံ — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%94nniya" title="Dɔnniya — бамбара" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dɔnniya" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="бамбара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বিজ্ঞান — бенгальский" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82" title="ཚན་རིག — тибетский" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཚན་རིག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skiant" title="Skiant — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skiant" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmu" title="Elmu — Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Elmu" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%94" title="ᨔᨕᨗᨊᨔ — бугийский" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨔᨕᨗᨊᨔ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="бугийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Эрдэм ухаан — бурятский" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Эрдэм ухаан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="бурятский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia" title="Ciència — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciència" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku%C5%8F-h%C5%8Fk" title="Kuŏ-hŏk — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Kuŏ-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ӏилма — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏилма" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamdag" title="Alamdag — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Alamdag" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A6%E1%8E%A5_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%8E%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%85" title="ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ — чероки" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="чероки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="زانست — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0lim" title="İlim — крымско-татарский" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İlim" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="крымско-татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%9Bda" title="Věda — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Věda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99czba" title="Ùczba — кашубский" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ùczba" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="кашубский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%82%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Ăслăх — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ăслăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyddoniaeth" title="Gwyddoniaeth — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwyddoniaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videnskab" title="Videnskab — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Videnskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabibi" title="Tabibi — Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tabibi" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissenschaft" title="Wissenschaft — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wissenschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zan%C4%B1%C5%9Fiye" title="Zanışiye — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zanışiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains — Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7" title="Επιστήμη — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιστήμη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienco" title="Scienco — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Scienco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teadus" title="Teadus — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Teadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zientzia" title="Zientzia — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zientzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ncia" title="Céncia — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Céncia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiede" title="Tiede — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiid%C3%BCs" title="Tiidüs — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tiidüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakadidike" title="Vakadidike — фиджи" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vakadidike" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedenskap" title="Wedenskap — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wedenskap" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sience" title="Sience — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sience" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittenskip" title="Wittenskip — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wittenskip" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eola%C3%ADocht" title="Eolaíocht — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="科學 — гань" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="科學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="гань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syans" title="Syans — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Syans" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saidheans" title="Saidheans — гэльский" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Saidheans" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="гэльский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembikuaaty" title="Tembikuaaty — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tembikuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान — Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="વિજ્ઞાન — гуджарати" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિજ્ઞાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуджарати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensiiaka" title="Siensiiaka — Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Siensiiaka" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaylleeaght" title="Oaylleeaght — мэнский" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Oaylleeaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="мэнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Khô-ho̍k — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khô-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akeakamai" title="Akeakamai — гавайский" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Akeakamai" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="гавайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2" title="מדע — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigyan" title="Vigyan — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Vigyan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Znanost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syans" title="Syans — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Syans" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tudom%C3%A1ny" title="Tudomány — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tudomány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գիտություն — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գիտութիւն — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գիտութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia" title="Scientia — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scientia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains — ибанский" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ибанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="жакъа тІаса бищараб макъала"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientie" title="Scientie — интерлингве" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Scientie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="интерлингве" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amamihe" title="Amamihe — игбо" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Amamihe" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="игбо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensia" title="Siensia — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Siensia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ӏилма — ингушский" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ӏилма" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингушский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cienco" title="Cienco — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cienco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADsindi" title="Vísindi — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vísindi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayans" title="Sayans — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Sayans" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/saske" title="saske — ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="saske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lmu" title="Èlmu — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Èlmu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="მეცნიერება — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეცნიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilim" title="Ilim — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ilim" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussna" title="Tussna — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tussna" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C9%9B%C9%A3t%CA%8B" title="Lɛɣtʋ — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Lɛɣtʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayen" title="Sayen — тьяп" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Sayen" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="тьяп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizabu" title="Kizabu — конго" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kizabu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="конго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Ғылым — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғылым" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A" title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ — кхмерский" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="과학 — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Илму — карачаево-балкарский" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Илму" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="карачаево-балкарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%8E%D8%B3" title="ساینَس — кашмири" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ساینَس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмири" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanist" title="Zanist — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zanist" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhonieth" title="Godhonieth — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Godhonieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Илим — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Илим" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia_(ratio)" title="Scientia (ratio) — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scientia (ratio)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensia" title="Sensia — ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Sensia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%ABssenschaft" title="Wëssenschaft — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wëssenschaft" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Илим — лезгинский" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Илим" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weitesjap" title="Weitesjap — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Weitesjap" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciensa" title="Sciensa — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sciensa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci%C3%ABnza" title="Sciënza — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Sciënza" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sienza" title="Sienza — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sienza" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ວິທະຍາສາດ — лаосский" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວິທະຍາສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаосский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mokslas" title="Mokslas — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mokslas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zin%C4%81tne" title="Zinātne — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान — майтхили" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="майтхили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu — Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Тонадома — мокшанский" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Тонадома" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокшанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siansa" title="Siansa — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Siansa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Шанче — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шанче" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%ABtaiao" title="Pūtaiao — маори" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pūtaiao" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маори" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilimu" title="Ilimu — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ilimu" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ശാസ്ത്രം — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Шинжлэх ухаан — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шинжлэх ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A7%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1-%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ — манипурский" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="манипурский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="သိပ္ပံ — Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xjenza" title="Xjenza — мальтийский" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Xjenza" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальтийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ncia" title="Ciéncia — мирандский" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ciéncia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="သိပ္ပံပညာ — бирманский" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သိပ္ပံပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тона — эрзянский" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тона" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlamatiliztli" title="Tlamatiliztli — Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlamatiliztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschop" title="Wetenschop — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wetenschop" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschop" title="Wetenschop — нижнесаксонский" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Wetenschop" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="нижнесаксонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान — непальский" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="दुसिका — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="दुसिका" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschap" title="Wetenschap — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wetenschap" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitskap" title="Vitskap — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vitskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitenskap" title="Vitenskap — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vitenskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sientie" title="Sientie — Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sientie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9F%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%9E%DF%8F" title="ߟߐ߲ߞߏ — нко" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߟߐ߲ߞߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="нко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienche" title="Scienche — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Scienche" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thutamahlale" title="Thutamahlale — северный сото" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Thutamahlale" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="северный сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci%C3%A9ncia" title="Sciéncia — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sciéncia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saayinsii" title="Saayinsii — оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Saayinsii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ବିଜ୍ଞାନ — ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Зонад — осетинский" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Зонад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਵਿਗਿਆਨ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensia" title="Siensia — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Siensia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienches" title="Scienches — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Scienches" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science — нигерийско-креольский" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="нигерийско-креольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saiens" title="Saiens — Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Saiens" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="پوهنه — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Ciência — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciência" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamut%27ay" title="Hamut'ay — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hamut'ay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza — романшский" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="романшский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Știință — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Știință" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C3%A2" title="Științâ — арумынский" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Științâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="арумынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука — русский" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="विज्ञानम् — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विज्ञानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85" title="Үөрэх — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Үөрэх" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ — сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isci%C3%A8ntzia" title="Iscièntzia — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Iscièntzia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس — синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamassant" title="Tamassant — ташельхит" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamassant" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ташельхит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="නවීන විද්‍යාව — сингальский" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නවීන විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veda" title="Veda — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Veda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس — Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Znanost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saienisi" title="Saienisi — самоанский" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Saienisi" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="самоанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainzi" title="Sainzi — шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Sainzi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saynis" title="Saynis — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Saynis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkenca" title="Shkenca — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkenca" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skoro" title="Skoro — сранан-тонго" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Skoro" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="сранан-тонго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isayensi" title="Isayensi — свази" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Isayensi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="свази" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayense" title="Sayense — южный сото" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Sayense" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="южный сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lmu" title="Élmu — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Élmu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetenskap" title="Vetenskap — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayansi" title="Sayansi — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayansi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அறிவியல் — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அறிவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ — Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9E%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రం — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Илм — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Илм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วิทยาศาสตร์ — тайский" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิทยาศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ylym" title="Ylym — туркменский" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ylym" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agham" title="Agham — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agham" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm" title="Elm — талышский" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Elm" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="талышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saienisi" title="Saienisi — тонганский" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Saienisi" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="тонганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="жакъа тІаса бищараб макъала"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilim" title="Bilim — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayensi" title="Sayensi — тсонга" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Sayensi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="тсонга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Фән — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фән" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasanthulo" title="Kasanthulo — тумбука" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Kasanthulo" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="тумбука" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука — удмуртский" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan" title="Fan — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saintsi" title="Saintsi — венда" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Saintsi" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="венда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedo" title="Tedo — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Tedo" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Khoa học — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weetnschap" title="Weetnschap — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Weetnschap" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolav" title="Nolav — волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nolav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syince" title="Syince — валлонский" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Syince" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валлонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syensya" title="Syensya — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Syensya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xam-xam" title="Xam-xam — волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xam-xam" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzululwazi" title="Inzululwazi — коса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Inzululwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="коса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="მენცარობა — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მენცარობა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98" title="וויסנשאפט — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וויסנשאפט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1y%E1%BA%B9%CC%81ns%C3%AC" title="Sáyẹ́nsì — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sáyẹ́nsì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gohyoz" title="Gohyoz — чжуань" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gohyoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="чжуань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%87%B4" title="格致 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="格致" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Kho-ha̍k — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="科學 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="科學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzululwazi" title="Inzululwazi — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inzululwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q336#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Интервики регӀелал хисизаризе" class="wbc-editpage">РегӀелал хисизаризе</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ЦӀармес"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Аслияб гьумералъухъ ралагьизе [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Гьумер</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D3%80%D1%81:%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Аслияб гьумералда тӀасан бахӀс (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Гьоркьолъей</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Изменить вариант языка" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Код хисизабизе</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=history" title="Гьаб гьумералъул хисизариязул журнал [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Историялъухъ ралагьизе</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ТӀагӀалаби" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" 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class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедия — эркенаб энциклопедия сайталдасан материал</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="av" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg/170px-Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg/255px-Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg/340px-Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атом (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">Атомалъул</a> сурат — гIелмуялъул гIаламат</figcaption></figure> <p><b>ГIéлму</b> ккола гIадамасул хIалтIул рахъ, жибги хIакъикъаталда бугеб жоялъул бугеб объективияб лъаялъул хIалтIул рахъиялдеги систематизация гьабиялдеги буссараб. Гьеб хIалтIул кьучIлъун ккола <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5I%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B6%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ХIужжа (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">хIужжаби</a> ракIари, гьел цIи гьари ва гьезул систематизация гьаби, гьезул критикияб анализ гьаби, ва гьеб киналъулго кьучIалда, цIияб лъай яги гIаммал хIасилал щвей, жидеца гIелмияб мурадалда <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2I%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B3I%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ТIабигIат (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">тIабигIиялги</a> жамгIиялги рихьулел хIалазул ва лъугьабахъиназул хъвай гуребги, гIилла-хIасилияб бухьен гIуцIизе, цебеккун бициналъул мурадалда. Ай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гипотеза (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">гипотезаби</a>, хIужжабаздалъун яги хIалбихьияздалъун жал ритIухълъулел, гIуцIула <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2I%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B3I%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ТIабигIаталъул къанун (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">тIабигIаталъул</a> яги обществоялъул къанунал хIисабалда <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>ГIатIидаб магIнаялда гIелмуялъ жаниб бачуна данде кколеб ишазул киналго шартIалги бутIабиги: </p> <ul><li>гIелмияб хIалтIул <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5I%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82I%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ХIалтIи бикьи (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">бикьигун</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кооперация (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">кооперация</a>;</li> <li>гIелмиял гIуцIаби, хIалбихьиялъул ва лабараторияб къайи-къоно;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93I%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B3I%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ГIелмияб къагIида (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">гIелмиябгун цIех-рехалъул хIалтIул къагIидаби</a>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%87I%D1%87I%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="БичIчIи (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">бичIчIиялъул </a> ва категориялъул аппарат;</li> <li>гIелмияб информациялъул система;</li> <li>кинабго цебеккун данде гьабураб лъаялъул гIаммаб къадар;</li></ul> <p>ГIелму лъазабулеб гIелму ккола <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93I%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ГIелмулъай (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">ГIелмулъай</a></b>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:The_Scientific_Universe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/The_Scientific_Universe.png/500px-The_Scientific_Universe.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/The_Scientific_Universe.png/750px-The_Scientific_Universe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/The_Scientific_Universe.png/1000px-The_Scientific_Universe.png 2x" data-file-width="4050" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>ТIолго дунялалда ругел объектазул масштаб, гIелмабазул бутIабазде данде кколел; формалиял гIелмаби ратIа гьарула гIелмияб лъаялъул кьучI хIисабалда</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ГIелмудал_аслиял_гIаламатал"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D1.83.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BB_.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.BB_.D0.B3I.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>ГIелмудал аслиял гIаламатал</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="ГIелмудал аслиял гIаламатал бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмудал аслиял гIаламатал»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ГIелму буго лъай, чIван къотIун чIезабураб , ритIарал къагIидабазул кьучIалда бараб, гIаламатазул системалда жибги хIисабалде босараб.</li> <li>ГIелму кидаго хъвала бащунго чIан къотIун чIезабураб (щибаб тарихияб даражаялда) мацIалда.</li> <li>ГIелму буго объектазул цебетIеялъул ва хIалтIиялъул къануназул хIакъалъулъ бугеб лъаялъул система.</li> <li>ГIелму жиндалъун ккола лъайлъун, жиб эмпирияб къагIидаялъ хал гьабунги ритIухъ гьабунги бажарулеб.</li> <li>ГIелму жиндалъун ккола гьоркьоса къотIичIиго гIолел ва цIубалел лъаязул система. Гьеб цIубай тIубазабула бищун камилал къагIидабазул кумакалдалъун.</li> <li>ГIелмуялъул буго гIуцIи, объект, теория ва гипотеза, къагIида ва хIужжа, эмпирияб материалалъул сипат-сурат гьаби жинде гъорлъе рачIунел.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тарих"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.85"></span>Тарих</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Тарих бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Тарих»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r76571">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Аслияб макъала: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93I%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ГIелмуялъул тарих (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">ГIелмуялъул тарих</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ГIелмияб_сообщество"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B1_.D1.81.D0.BE.D0.BE.D0.B1.D1.89.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE"></span>ГIелмияб сообщество</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=3" title="ГIелмияб сообщество бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмияб сообщество»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ГIалимзаби"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8"></span>ГIалимзаби</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=4" title="ГIалимзаби бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIалимзаби»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ГIелмиял_идараби"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.BB_.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8"></span>ГIелмиял идараби</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=5" title="ГIелмиял идараби бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмиял идараби»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Халкъаздагьоркьосел_институтал"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BA.D1.8A.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B3.D1.8C.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BA.D1.8C.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BB_.D0.B8.D0.BD.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.D1.82.D1.83.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Халкъаздагьоркьосел институтал</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Халкъаздагьоркьосел институтал бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=6" title="Редактировать код раздела «Халкъаздагьоркьосел институтал»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Шапакъал"><span id=".D0.A8.D0.B0.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.8A.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Шапакъал</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Шапакъал бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=7" title="Редактировать код раздела «Шапакъал»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ГIелмияб_къагIида"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B1_.D0.BA.D1.8A.D0.B0.D0.B3I.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B0"></span>ГIелмияб къагIида</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=8" title="ГIелмияб къагIида бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=8" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмияб къагIида»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r76571"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Аслияб макъала: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93I%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B3I%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ГIелмияб къагIида (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">ГIелмияб къагIида</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ЦIех-рехалъул_ккураб_рахъ"><span id=".D0.A6I.D0.B5.D1.85-.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.85.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8A.D1.83.D0.BB_.D0.BA.D0.BA.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B1_.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.85.D1.8A"></span>ЦIех-рехалъул ккураб рахъ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=9" title="ЦIех-рехалъул ккураб рахъ бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=9" title="Редактировать код раздела «ЦIех-рехалъул ккураб рахъ»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ГIелмуялъул_философия"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D1.83.D1.8F.D0.BB.D1.8A.D1.83.D0.BB_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>ГIелмуялъул философия</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=10" title="ГIелмуялъул философия бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=10" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмуялъул философия»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Дунялалъул_гIелмияб_сурат"><span id=".D0.94.D1.83.D0.BD.D1.8F.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8A.D1.83.D0.BB_.D0.B3I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B1_.D1.81.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82"></span>Дунялалъул гIелмияб сурат</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Дунялалъул гIелмияб сурат бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=11" title="Редактировать код раздела «Дунялалъул гIелмияб сурат»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r76571"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Аслияб макъала: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%B3I%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дунялалъул гIелмияб сурат (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">Дунялалъул гIелмияб сурат</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Классификация"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Классификация</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Классификация бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=12" title="Редактировать код раздела «Классификация»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Цебе_заманалда"><span id=".D0.A6.D0.B5.D0.B1.D0.B5_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B4.D0.B0"></span>Цебе заманалда</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Цебе заманалда бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=13" title="Редактировать код раздела «Цебе заманалда»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ГIадамасул лъаялъул рахъалъул батIи-батIиял кьучIаздалъун классификация гьабизе хIалбихьулаан цебе заманалдаго. Попытки классифицировать области человеческого знания по различным основаниям предпринимались ещё со времён античности. </p><p>Гьедин, Аристотелица гIелмаби рикьулаан<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> лъабго батIиябтайпаялде, жалги хасаб иерархиялда чIарал: </p> <ol><li>ТIадегIанаб тайпалъун ккола теоритикиял, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BAI%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="НекIсияб грек мацI (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">некIсияб грек мацIалда</a> θεωρία «теория» (философия, физика ва математика).</li> <li>ХадуррачIуна хIалбихьул (практикиял), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BAI%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="НекIсияб грек мацI (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">некI. грек.</a> πράξις «практика» (политика, этика ва экономика).</li> <li>Иерархиялъул ахиралда гьунаралулал, шигIриял, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BAI%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="НекIсияб грек мацI (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">некI. грек.</a>ποιησις«творчество» (риторка ва поэтика)</li></ol> <p>Аристотелица жинцаго гьабураб формалияб логика философиялде данде кколароан ва рикIкIунаан гьеб лъай щвеялъул тIагIеллъун («органлъун»)<sup id="cite_ref-koh_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-koh-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Румазул энциклопедист <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Марк Теренций Варрон (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">Марка Варронил</a> классификациялда гъорлъе уна хадусел гIелмаби: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%B3I%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Грамматика (гIелму) (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">грамматика</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диалектика (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">диалектика</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Риторика (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">риторика</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Геометрия (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">геометрия</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арифметика (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">арифметика</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Астрология (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">астрология</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Музыка">музыка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина">медицина</a> ва <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Архитектура (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">архитектура</a> <sup id="cite_ref-DoH-464_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoH-464-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Гьоркьохъел_гIасрабазда"><span id=".D0.93.D1.8C.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BA.D1.8C.D0.BE.D1.85.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.BB_.D0.B3I.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B4.D0.B0"></span>Гьоркьохъел гIасрабазда</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Гьоркьохъел гIасрабазда бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=14" title="Редактировать код раздела «Гьоркьохъел гIасрабазда»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ГIелмабазул_таблица"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B0.D0.B7.D1.83.D0.BB_.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B0"></span>ГIелмабазул таблица</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=15" title="ГIелмабазул таблица бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=15" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмабазул таблица»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ЦебетIей"><span id=".D0.A6.D0.B5.D0.B1.D0.B5.D1.82I.D0.B5.D0.B9"></span>ЦебетIей</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=16" title="ЦебетIей бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=16" title="Редактировать код раздела «ЦебетIей»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mатематика (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">Mатематика</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Логика (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">логика</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Информатика (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">информатика</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кибернетика (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">кибернетика</a> гIадал гIелмаби цо-цо мехалъ ратIа гьарула хасал гIелмабазде — формалиял гIелмаби<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, батIияб къагIидаялъ абстрактивиял гIелмаби жидеда абулел. Оормалиял гIелмаби данде лъола тIабигIиял ва жамгIиял гIелмабазде, жидеда гIамм гьабун эмпирикиял гIелмабийилан абулел<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Цогидал гIалимзабаз математика рикIкIуна битIараб гIелмулъун, хутIарал — когнитивиял гIелмабилъун<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ЦIияб_гIелму_гIуцIи"><span id=".D0.A6I.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B1_.D0.B3I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D1.83_.D0.B3I.D1.83.D1.86I.D0.B8"></span>ЦIияб гIелму гIуцIи</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=17" title="ЦIияб гIелму гIуцIи бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=17" title="Редактировать код раздела «ЦIияб гIелму гIуцIи»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ГIелмияб_лъаялъул_элементал"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B1_.D0.BB.D1.8A.D0.B0.D1.8F.D0.BB.D1.8A.D1.83.D0.BB_.D1.8D.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>ГIелмияб лъаялъул элементал</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=18" title="ГIелмияб лъаялъул элементал бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=18" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмияб лъаялъул элементал»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ТIабигIатлъай (тIабигIаталъул хIакъалъулъ гIелму, тIабигIиял гIелмаби)</li> <li>Техникалъай (техникалъул хIакъалъулъ гIелму, техникиял гIелмаби)</li> <li>Обществолъай (социумалъул хIакъалъулъ гIелму, жамгIиял гIелмаби)</li> <li>ГIаданлъай (гIадамасул хIакъалъулъ гIелму, гуманитариял гIелмаби)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ГIелмияб_адабият"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B1_.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.8F.D1.82"></span>ГIелмияб адабият</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=19" title="ГIелмияб адабият бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=19" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелмияб адабият»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r76571"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Аслияб макъала: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93I%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ГIелмияб журнал (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">ГIелмияб журнал</a></div> <p>ГIелмияб адабияталде гъорлъе унв гIелмиял хIалтIаби, монографиял ва журналал. </p><p>ГIадатаб адабияталдасаги фолософиял хIалтIабаздасаги гьелъул батIалъи буго хIужжабаздалъун чIезарурал пикрабазулъ, мухIканал хIалбихьиязда кьучIги тIамурал, гIелмиял иццазде мугъчIвайги бугел. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ГIелму_машгьур_гьаби"><span id=".D0.93I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D1.83_.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.B3.D1.8C.D1.83.D1.80_.D0.B3.D1.8C.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8"></span>ГIелму машгьур гьаби</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=20" title="ГIелму машгьур гьаби бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=20" title="Редактировать код раздела «ГIелму машгьур гьаби»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гьереси_гIелму"><span id=".D0.93.D1.8C.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.B8_.D0.B3I.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BC.D1.83"></span>Гьереси гIелму</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Гьереси гIелму бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=21" title="Редактировать код раздела «Гьереси гIелму»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Баянал"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0.D1.8F.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Баянал</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Баянал бутӀа хисизабизе" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&section=22" title="Редактировать код раздела «Баянал»"><span>код хисизабизе</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B4,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Уайтхед, Альфред Норт (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">Уайтхед А. Н.</a></i> Избранные работы по философии. М.: Прогресс, 1990. 716 с.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ракитов, Анатолий Ильич (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">Ракитов А. И.</a></i> Анатомия научного знания. — М., Политиздат, 1969</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Копнин, Павел Васильевич (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">Копнин П. В.</a></i> Гносеологические и логические основы науки. — М., 1974, 568 с.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Теория познания. Классификация наук <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://magisteria.ru/aristotle-intro/epistemologiya-i-teologiya-aristotelya">https://magisteria.ru/aristotle-intro/epistemologiya-i-teologiya-aristotelya</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-koh-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-koh_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="av" dir="ltr">Цитатинабиялъул гъалатӀ: Мекъаб тег <code><ref></code>; мурад баян гьабун хъвалеб <code>koh</code> -лъе текст бихьизабун гьечІо</span></li> <li id="cite_note-DoH-464-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DoH-464_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="av" dir="ltr">Цитатинабиялъул гъалатӀ: Мекъаб тег <code><ref></code>; мурад баян гьабун хъвалеб <code>DoH-464</code> -лъе текст бихьизабун гьечІо</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. West Churchman. Elements of Logic and Formal Science. New York: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1940.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Franklin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maths.unsw.edu.au/~jim/philosophersstone.pdf">The formal sciences discover the philosophers' stone</a> // Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 513—533, 1994.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Leacock. Elements of Political Science. Houghton, Mifflin Co, 1906. P. 417.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernt P. Stigum. Toward a Formal Science of Economics. MIT Press, 1990.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marcus Tomalin. Linguistics and the Formal Sciences. Cambridge University Press, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Mario Augusto Bunge.</i> Philosophy of Science: From Problem to Theory. — 1998. — Гь. 24. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1:%D0%A2%D0%86%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BB/0765804131" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-765-80413-1</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r92100">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081207071656/http://virtualcoglab.cs.msu.su/CogSci_R.html">"Что такое когнитивная наука"</a>. Архивация <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://virtualcoglab.cs.msu.su/CogSci_R.html">оригинал</a> (2008-12-07)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Щвей <span class="nowrap">2008-10-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A7%D1%82%D0%BE+%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvirtualcoglab.cs.msu.su%2FCogSci_R.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fav.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Халип:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|deadlink=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|url-status=</code> suggested) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кумек:CS1 errors (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r92100"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081019065716/http://www.cogsci.ru/cogsci06/">"Вторая международная конференция по когнитивной науке"</a>. Архивация <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cogsci.ru/cogsci06/">оригинал</a> (2008-10-19)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Щвей <span class="nowrap">2019-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cogsci.ru%2Fcogsci06%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fav.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Халип:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|url-status=хвараб</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кумек:CS1 errors (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r92100"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080924194454/http://virtualcoglab.cs.msu.su/projects/mf_cogsci.html">"М. В. Фаликман. Введение в когнитивную науку (программа спецкурса)"</a>. Архивация <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://virtualcoglab.cs.msu.su/projects/mf_cogsci.html">оригинал</a> (2008-09-24)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Щвей <span class="nowrap">2008-10-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C.+%D0%92.+%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD.+%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B2+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83+%28%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvirtualcoglab.cs.msu.su%2Fprojects%2Fmf_cogsci.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fav.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Халип:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|deadlink=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|url-status=</code> suggested) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кумек:CS1 errors (гьадинаб гьумер гьечӀо)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r92100"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070717030949/http://www.spbumag.nw.ru/news/news.shtml">"Журнал Санкт-Петербургский университет ISSN 1681—1941 / Страница новостей"</a>. Архивация <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spbumag.nw.ru/news/news.shtml">оригинал</a> (2007-07-17)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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