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id="toc-Republican_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republican_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Republican Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republican_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democratic_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Democratic Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democratic_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prohibition_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prohibition_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Prohibition Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prohibition_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nominees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nominees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Nominees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nominees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Union_Labor_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Union_Labor_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Union Labor Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Union_Labor_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nominees_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nominees_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Nominees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nominees_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Labor_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Labor_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>United Labor Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Labor_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greenback_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greenback_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Greenback Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greenback_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>American Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equal_Rights_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equal_Rights_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Equal Rights Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equal_Rights_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_Reform_Party_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_Reform_Party_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Industrial Reform Party nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_Reform_Party_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_election_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>General election campaign</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-General_election_campaign-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle General election campaign subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-General_election_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blocks_of_Five" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blocks_of_Five"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Blocks of Five</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blocks_of_Five-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murchison_letter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Murchison_letter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Murchison letter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Murchison_letter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geography_of_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography_of_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Geography of results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography_of_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cartographic_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cartographic_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Cartographic gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cartographic_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results_by_state" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results_by_state"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Results by state</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results_by_state-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Close_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Close_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Close states</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Close_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Secondary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Secondary sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Primary sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1888 United States presidential election</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_1888" title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1888 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1888" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A6sidentvalget_i_USA_1888" title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1888 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1888" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswahl_in_den_Vereinigten_Staaten_1888" title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1888 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1888" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Estados_Unidos_de_1888" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1888 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1888" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lection_pr%C3%A9sidentielle_am%C3%A9ricaine_de_1888" title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1888 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1888" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1888%EB%85%84_%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9_%EC%84%A0%EA%B1%B0" title="1888년 미국 대통령 선거 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1888년 미국 대통령 선거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_presidenziali_negli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America_del_1888" title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1888 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1888" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_1888" title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1888 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1888" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A8-%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98_(1888)" title="აშშ-ის საპრეზიდენტო არჩევნები (1888) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აშშ-ის საპრეზიდენტო არჩევნები (1888)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchaguzi_wa_Rais_wa_Marekani,_1888" title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1888 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1888" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikaanse_presidentsverkiezingen_1888" title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1888 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1888" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1888%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="1888年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1888年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentvalget_i_USA_1888" title="Presidentvalget i USA 1888 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Presidentvalget i USA 1888" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_prezydenckie_w_Stanach_Zjednoczonych_w_1888_roku" title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1888 roku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1888 roku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_presidencial_nos_Estados_Unidos_em_1888" title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1888 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1888" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_(1888)" title="Президентские выборы в США (1888) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Президентские выборы в США (1888)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="1888 United States presidential election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1888 United States presidential election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A8%DA%98%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%D9%A1%D9%A8%D9%A8%D9%A8)" title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٨٨٨) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٨٨٨)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94_1888." title="Председнички избори у САД 1888. – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Председнички избори у САД 1888." data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_presidentinvaalit_1888" title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1888 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1888" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For related races, see <a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_elections" title="1888 United States elections">1888 United States elections</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media 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.ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:350px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1888 United States presidential election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281877%E2%80%931890%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281877%E2%80%931890%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281877%E2%80%931890%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281877%E2%80%931890%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281877%E2%80%931890%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281877%E2%80%931890%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>November 6, 1888</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />401 members of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a><br />201 electoral votes needed to win</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">80.5%<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3.0 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E81B23;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison_(3x4_close_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg/150px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg/225px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg/300px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1509" data-file-height="2012" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3333FF;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stephen_Grover_Cleveland_Portrait_(3x4_close_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stephen_Grover_Cleveland_Portrait_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg/150px-Stephen_Grover_Cleveland_Portrait_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stephen_Grover_Cleveland_Portrait_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg/226px-Stephen_Grover_Cleveland_Portrait_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stephen_Grover_Cleveland_Portrait_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg/301px-Stephen_Grover_Cleveland_Portrait_%283x4_close_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="735" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Nominee </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Home state </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Running mate </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Levi P. Morton</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Allen G. Thurman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Electoral vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>233</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">168 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">States carried </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>20</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">18 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">5,443,892 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>5,534,488</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">47.8% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>48.6%</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img 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coords="288,58,288,53,292,52,299,50,299,50,300,49,300,49,301,50,301,51,300,51,300,53,301,54,301,53,302,53,304,56,306,56,307,56,307,55,307,54,305,54,305,54,306,54,307,54,308,56,308,56,307,56,306,57,305,57,304,58,304,58,304,59,305,59,305,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,306,59,305,59,304,59,304,60,304,60,304,59,304,59,303,59,303,59,304,58,304,57,303,57,302,57,302,59,302,59,301,57,299,55,293,57" alt="1888 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1888 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" shape="rect" coords="301,98,326,104" alt="1888 United States presidential election in Maryland" title="1888 United States presidential election in Maryland" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" shape="rect" coords="304,90,324,97" alt="1888 United States presidential election in Delaware" title="1888 United States presidential election in Delaware" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" shape="rect" coords="307,83,325,89" alt="1888 United States presidential election in New Jersey" title="1888 United States presidential election in New Jersey" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" shape="rect" coords="313,72,333,78" alt="1888 United States presidential election in Connecticut" title="1888 United States presidential election in Connecticut" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" shape="rect" coords="316,62,334,68" alt="1888 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" title="1888 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" shape="rect" coords="316,50,345,56" alt="1888 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1888 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" shape="rect" coords="269,21,290,28" alt="1888 United States presidential election in Vermont" title="1888 United States presidential election in Vermont" /><area href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" shape="rect" coords="273,14,296,20" alt="1888 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" title="1888 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div>Presidential election results map. <span style="color:red;">Red</span> denotes those won by Harrison/Morton, <span style="color:blue;">blue</span> denotes states won by Cleveland/Thurman. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b>President before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Elected President</b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Presidential elections</a> were held in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> on November 6, 1888. <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a>, a former U.S. senator from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, defeated incumbent <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> President <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>. It was the third of five U.S. presidential elections (and second within 12 years) <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote">in which the winner did not win the national popular vote</a>, which would not occur again until the <a href="/wiki/2000_US_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 US presidential election">2000 US presidential election</a>. Cleveland was the last incumbent Democratic president to lose reelection until <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> in <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election">1980</a>. </p><p>Cleveland, only the second Democratic president since the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> (the first being <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a>) and the first elected as president (Johnson assumed office after Lincoln's assassination, and left at the end of the term), was unanimously renominated at the <a href="/wiki/1888_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1888 Democratic National Convention">1888 Democratic National Convention</a>. Harrison, the grandson of former President <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a>, emerged as the Republican nominee on the eighth ballot of the <a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">1888 Republican National Convention</a>. He defeated other prominent party leaders such as Ohio Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">John Sherman</a> and former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Michigan" title="Governor of Michigan">Michigan Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Russell_A._Alger" title="Russell A. Alger">Russell Alger</a>. This was the first election since <a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a> in which an incumbent president lost reelection. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tariffs_in_United_States_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Tariffs in United States history">Tariff policy</a> was the principal issue in the election, as Cleveland had proposed a dramatic reduction in tariffs, arguing that high tariffs were unfair to consumers. Harrison took the side of industrialists and factory workers who wanted to keep tariffs high. Cleveland's opposition to <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> <a href="/wiki/Pension" title="Pension">pensions</a> and inflated currency also made enemies among veterans and farmers. On the other hand, he held a strong hand in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">border states</a>, and appealed to former Republican <a href="/wiki/Mugwump" class="mw-redirect" title="Mugwump">Mugwumps</a>. </p><p>Cleveland won a small plurality of the popular vote, but Harrison won the election with a majority in the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a>, marking the only time (as of 2024) in which an incumbent president of either party lost a reelection bid despite winning the popular vote. Harrison swept almost the entire North and Midwest, including narrowly carrying the swing states of New York and Indiana. This was the first time since 1856 that Democrats won the popular vote in consecutive elections. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nominations">Nominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republican_Party_nomination">Republican Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Republican Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">1888 Republican National Convention</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)"><img alt="Republican Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/65px-Republican_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/98px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/130px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="227" /></a><figcaption>Republican Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1888 Republican Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000000F-QINU`"'</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Benjamin Harrison</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Levi P. Morton</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#FFD0D7;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BHarrison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/BHarrison.jpg/150px-BHarrison.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/BHarrison.jpg/226px-BHarrison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/BHarrison.jpg/301px-BHarrison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="542" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Levi_P._Morton_(US_vice_president,_NY_governor)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Levi_P._Morton_%28US_vice_president%2C_NY_governor%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Levi_P._Morton_%28US_vice_president%2C_NY_governor%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Levi_P._Morton_%28US_vice_president%2C_NY_governor%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Levi_P._Morton_%28US_vice_president%2C_NY_governor%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Levi_P._Morton_%28US_vice_president%2C_NY_governor%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/320px-Levi_P._Morton_%28US_vice_president%2C_NY_governor%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="385" data-file-height="481" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a><br /><small>(1881–1887)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_France" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to France">United States Ambassador to France</a><br /><small>(1881–1885)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1888RepublicanPoster.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1888RepublicanPoster.png/400px-1888RepublicanPoster.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1888RepublicanPoster.png/600px-1888RepublicanPoster.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1888RepublicanPoster.png/800px-1888RepublicanPoster.png 2x" data-file-width="8501" data-file-height="6688" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yale_Publishing_Co,_The_Whole_Story_in_a_Nutshell!_1888_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1096_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yale_Publishing_Co%2C_The_Whole_Story_in_a_Nutshell%21_1888_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1096_01.jpg/220px-Yale_Publishing_Co%2C_The_Whole_Story_in_a_Nutshell%21_1888_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1096_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yale_Publishing_Co%2C_The_Whole_Story_in_a_Nutshell%21_1888_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1096_01.jpg/330px-Yale_Publishing_Co%2C_The_Whole_Story_in_a_Nutshell%21_1888_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1096_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yale_Publishing_Co%2C_The_Whole_Story_in_a_Nutshell%21_1888_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1096_01.jpg/440px-Yale_Publishing_Co%2C_The_Whole_Story_in_a_Nutshell%21_1888_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1096_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5902" data-file-height="8582" /></a><figcaption>Grover Cleveland-Benjamin Harrison presidential (1888) campaign poster about the trade policy of the two candidates. The map supports the work of the Harrison campaign.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Man_leaning_on_Harrison_and_Morton_campaign_ball_-_DPLA_-_a27b2709ebe10fd09bba14fdf2c0e602.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Man_leaning_on_Harrison_and_Morton_campaign_ball_-_DPLA_-_a27b2709ebe10fd09bba14fdf2c0e602.jpg/170px-Man_leaning_on_Harrison_and_Morton_campaign_ball_-_DPLA_-_a27b2709ebe10fd09bba14fdf2c0e602.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Man_leaning_on_Harrison_and_Morton_campaign_ball_-_DPLA_-_a27b2709ebe10fd09bba14fdf2c0e602.jpg/256px-Man_leaning_on_Harrison_and_Morton_campaign_ball_-_DPLA_-_a27b2709ebe10fd09bba14fdf2c0e602.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Man_leaning_on_Harrison_and_Morton_campaign_ball_-_DPLA_-_a27b2709ebe10fd09bba14fdf2c0e602.jpg/341px-Man_leaning_on_Harrison_and_Morton_campaign_ball_-_DPLA_-_a27b2709ebe10fd09bba14fdf2c0e602.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3089" data-file-height="5034" /></a><figcaption>Man leaning on Harrison and Morton campaign ball.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Republican candidates were former Senator Benjamin Harrison from Indiana; Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">John Sherman</a> from Ohio; <a href="/wiki/Russell_A._Alger" title="Russell A. Alger">Russell A. Alger</a>, the former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Michigan" title="Governor of Michigan">governor of Michigan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Walter_Q._Gresham" title="Walter Q. Gresham">Walter Q. Gresham</a> from Indiana, the former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a>; Senator <a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">William B. Allison</a> from Iowa; and <a href="/wiki/Chauncey_Depew" title="Chauncey Depew">Chauncey Depew</a> from New York, the president of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a>. </p><p>By the time Republicans met in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> on June 19–25, 1888, frontrunner <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a> had withdrawn from the race because he believed that only a harmonious convention would produce a Republican candidate strong enough to upset incumbent President Cleveland. Blaine realized that the party was unlikely to choose him without a bitter struggle. After he withdrew, Blaine expressed confidence in both Benjamin Harrison and John Sherman. Harrison was nominated on the eighth ballot. </p><p>The Republicans chose Harrison because of his war record, his popularity with veterans, his ability to express the Republican Party's views, and the fact that he lived in the swing state of Indiana. The Republicans hoped to win Indiana's 15 electoral votes, which had gone to Cleveland in the previous presidential election. <a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Levi P. Morton</a>, a former New York City congressman and ambassador, was nominated for vice-president over <a href="/wiki/William_Walter_Phelps" title="William Walter Phelps">William Walter Phelps</a>, his nearest rival. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democratic_Party_nomination">Democratic Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Democratic Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1888_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1888 Democratic National Convention">1888 Democratic National Convention</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)"><img alt="Democratic Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/65px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/98px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/130px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Democratic Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1888 Democratic Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Grover Cleveland</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Allen G. Thurman</span></a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GorverCleveland1888(Full).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png/159px-GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png" decoding="async" width="159" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png/239px-GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="380" /></a></span> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AllenGThurman.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/AllenGThurman.png/165px-AllenGThurman.png" decoding="async" width="165" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/AllenGThurman.png/248px-AllenGThurman.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/AllenGThurman.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="394" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">22nd</a><br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a><br /><small>(1885–1889)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a><br /><small>(1869–1881)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_1888_presidential_campaign" title="Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1888DemocraticPoster.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1888DemocraticPoster.png/400px-1888DemocraticPoster.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1888DemocraticPoster.png/600px-1888DemocraticPoster.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1888DemocraticPoster.png/800px-1888DemocraticPoster.png 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="776" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Democratic candidates: </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 129.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 127.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GorverCleveland1888(Full).png" class="mw-file-description" title="President Grover Cleveland"><img alt="President Grover Cleveland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png/191px-GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png/287px-GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/GorverCleveland1888%28Full%29.png 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="380" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <b><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></b></div> </li> </ul> <p>The Democratic National Convention held in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis, Missouri">St. Louis, Missouri</a>, on June 5–7, 1888, was harmonious. Incumbent President Cleveland was re-nominated unanimously without a formal ballot. This was the first time an incumbent Democratic president had been re-nominated since <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> in <a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a>. </p><p>After Cleveland was re-nominated, Democrats had to choose a replacement for <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Thomas A. Hendricks</a>. Hendricks ran unsuccessfully as the Democratic nominee for vice-president in <a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election" title="1876 United States presidential election">1876</a>, but won the office when he ran again with Cleveland in <a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a>. Hendricks served as vice-president for only eight months before he died in office on November 25, 1885. Former Senator <a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Allen G. Thurman</a> from Ohio was nominated for vice-president over <a href="/wiki/Isaac_P._Gray" title="Isaac P. Gray">Isaac P. Gray</a>, his nearest rival, and <a href="/wiki/John_C._Black" title="John C. Black">John C. Black</a>, who trailed behind. Gray lost the nomination to Thurman primarily because his opponents brought up his actions while a Republican.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Democratic platform largely confined itself to a defense of the Cleveland administration, supporting reduction in the tariff and taxes generally as well as statehood for the western territories. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3"><b>Presidential Ballot</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Unanimous </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></th> <th>822 </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3"><b>Vice Presidential Ballot</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>1st</th> <th>Acclamation </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Allen G. Thurman</a></th> <th>684</th> <th>822 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isaac_P._Gray" title="Isaac P. Gray">Isaac P. Gray</a></th> <th>101</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/John_C._Black" title="John C. Black">John C. Black</a></th> <th>36</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Blank</th> <th>1</th> <th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prohibition_Party_nomination">Prohibition Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prohibition Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_Prohibition_Party_National_Convention&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1888 Prohibition Party National Convention (page does not exist)">1888 Prohibition Party National Convention</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nominees">Nominees</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Nominees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><big><b>1888 Prohibition Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#FF00FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Clinton_B._Fisk" title="Clinton B. Fisk"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Clinton B. Fisk</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#FF00FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Brooks" title="John A. Brooks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">John A. Brooks</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#ffa3ff;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clinton_B._Fisk_drawing.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Clinton_B._Fisk_drawing.png/139px-Clinton_B._Fisk_drawing.png" decoding="async" width="139" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Clinton_B._Fisk_drawing.png/208px-Clinton_B._Fisk_drawing.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Clinton_B._Fisk_drawing.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_A._Brooks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/John_A._Brooks.png/164px-John_A._Brooks.png" decoding="async" width="164" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/John_A._Brooks.png/246px-John_A._Brooks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/John_A._Brooks.png 2x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="352" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Brigadier General<br />from <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>Pastor<br />from <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Clinton_B._Fisk#Politics" title="Clinton B. Fisk"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1888ProhibitionPoster.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/1888ProhibitionPoster.png/300px-1888ProhibitionPoster.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/1888ProhibitionPoster.png/450px-1888ProhibitionPoster.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/1888ProhibitionPoster.png/600px-1888ProhibitionPoster.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1087" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The 5th Prohibition Party National Convention assembled in <a href="/wiki/Tomlinson_Hall" title="Tomlinson Hall">Tomlinson Hall</a> in Indianapolis, Indiana. There were 1,029 delegates from all but three states.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Clinton B. Fisk was nominated for president unanimously. <a href="/wiki/John_A._Brooks" title="John A. Brooks">John A. Brooks</a> was nominated for vice-president.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Union_Labor_Party_nomination">Union Labor Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Union Labor Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nominees_2">Nominees</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Nominees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><big><b>1888 Union Labor Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#0000FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Alson_Streeter" title="Alson Streeter"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Alson Streeter</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#0000FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Cunningham" title="Charles E. Cunningham"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Charles E. Cunningham</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#add8e6;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AlsonStreeter.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AlsonStreeter.png/150px-AlsonStreeter.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AlsonStreeter.png/225px-AlsonStreeter.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/AlsonStreeter.png 2x" data-file-width="241" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_E._Cunningham.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Charles_E._Cunningham.jpg/146px-Charles_E._Cunningham.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Charles_E._Cunningham.jpg/219px-Charles_E._Cunningham.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Charles_E._Cunningham.jpg/292px-Charles_E._Cunningham.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2006" data-file-height="2742" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate" title="Illinois Senate">State Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>Activist<br />from <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alson_Streeter" title="Alson Streeter"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_labor_party_LCCN2003656923.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Union_labor_party_LCCN2003656923.jpg/300px-Union_labor_party_LCCN2003656923.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Union_labor_party_LCCN2003656923.jpg/450px-Union_labor_party_LCCN2003656923.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Union_labor_party_LCCN2003656923.jpg/600px-Union_labor_party_LCCN2003656923.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8577" data-file-height="6333" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>300 to 600 delegates attended the Industrial Labor Conference in Cincinnati in February 1887, and formed the <a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(United_States,_19th_century)" title="Labor Party (United States, 19th century)">Union Labor Party</a>. Richard Trevellick, the chair of the conference, was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Labor" title="Knights of Labor">Knights of Labor</a> and former member of the <a href="/wiki/Greenback_Party" title="Greenback Party">Greenback Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHild201532_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHild201532-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The convention nominated <a href="/wiki/Alson_Streeter" title="Alson Streeter">Alson Streeter</a> for president unanimously. He was so widely popular that no ballot was necessary, instead, he was nominated by acclamation.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samuel Evans was nominated for vice president but declined the nomination. <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Cunningham" title="Charles E. Cunningham">Charles E. Cunningham</a> was later selected as the vice-presidential candidate. </p><p>The Union Labor Party garnered nearly 150,000 popular votes, but failed to gain widespread national support. The party did, however, win two counties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Labor_Party_nomination">United Labor Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: United Labor Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The United Labor Party convention nominated Robert H. Cowdrey for president on the first ballot. W.H.T. Wakefield of Kansas was nominated for vice-president over Victor H. Wilder from New York by a margin of 50–12.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greenback_Party">Greenback Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Greenback Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Greenback_Party" title="Greenback Party">Greenback Party</a> was in decline throughout the entire Cleveland administration. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_1884" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 1884">election of 1884</a>, the party failed to win any <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> seats outright, although they did win one seat in conjunction with Plains States Democrats (<a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">James B. Weaver</a>) and a handful of other seats by endorsing the Democratic nominee. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_1886" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 1886">election of 1886</a>, only two dozen Greenback candidates ran for the House, apart from another six who ran on fusion tickets. Again, Weaver was the party's only victor. Much of the Greenback news in early 1888 took place in Michigan, where the party remained active. </p><p>In early 1888, it was not clear if the Greenback Party would hold another national convention. The fourth Greenback Party National Convention assembled in Cincinnati on May 16, 1888. So few delegates attended that no actions were taken. On August 16, 1888, George O. Jones, chairman of the national committee, called a second session of the national convention.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second session of the national convention met in Cincinnati on September 12, 1888. Only seven delegates attended. Chairman Jones issued an address criticizing the two major parties, and the delegates made no nominations.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the failure of the convention, the Greenback Party ceased to exist. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Party_nomination">American Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: American Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The American Party held its third and last National Convention in Grand Army Hall in Washington, DC. This was an <a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonry" title="Anti-Masonry">Anti-Masonic</a> party that ran under various party labels in the northern states. </p><p>When the convention assembled, there were 126 delegates; among them were 65 from New York and 15 from California. Delegates from the other states bolted the convention when it appeared that New York and California intended to vote together on all matters and control the convention. By the time the presidential balloting began, there were only 64 delegates present. </p><p>The convention nominated James L. Curtis from New York for president and James R. Greer from Tennessee for vice-president. Greer declined to run, so <a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Wigginton" title="Peter D. Wigginton">Peter D. Wigginton</a> of California was chosen as his replacement.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"><b>Presidential Ballot</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Candidate</th> <th>1st </th></tr> <tr> <th>James L. Curtis</th> <th>45 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Abram S. Hewitt</th> <th>15 </th></tr> <tr> <th>James S. Negley</th> <th>4 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Equal_Rights_Party_nomination">Equal Rights Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Equal Rights Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The second Equal Rights Party National Convention assembled in Des Moines, Iowa. At the convention, mail-in ballots were counted. The delegates cast 310 of their 350 ballots for the following ticket: <a href="/wiki/Belva_A._Lockwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Belva A. Lockwood">Belva A. Lockwood</a> for president and <a href="/wiki/Alfred_H._Love" title="Alfred H. Love">Alfred H. Love</a> for vice-president.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Love declined the nomination, and was replaced with Charles S. Welles of New York.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_Reform_Party_nomination">Industrial Reform Party nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Industrial Reform Party nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Industrial Reform Party National Convention assembled in Grand Army Hall, Washington, DC. There were 49 delegates present. Albert Redstone won the endorsement of some leaders of the disintegrating Greenback Party.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He told the <i><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Advertiser" title="Montgomery Advertiser">Montgomery Advertiser</a></i> that he hoped to carry several states, including Alabama, New York, North Carolina, Arkansas, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_election_campaign">General election campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: General election campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_1888_presidential_campaign" title="Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign">Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Issues">Issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1888TariffReform.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/1888TariffReform.png/250px-1888TariffReform.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/1888TariffReform.png/375px-1888TariffReform.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/1888TariffReform.png/500px-1888TariffReform.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="986" /></a><figcaption>Tariff reform was the main issue of the election.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cleveland set the main issue of the campaign when he proposed a dramatic reduction in tariffs in his <a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union_address" class="mw-redirect" title="State of the Union address">annual message to Congress</a> in December 1887. Cleveland contended that the tariff was unnecessarily high and that unnecessary taxation was unjust taxation.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Republicans responded that the high tariff would protect American industry from foreign competition and guarantee high wages, high profits, and high economic growth.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The argument between <a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">protectionists</a> and free traders over the size of the tariff was an old one, stretching back to the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_tariff" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas tariff">Tariff of 1816</a>. In practice, the tariff was practically meaningless on industrial products, since the United States was the low-cost producer in most areas (except woolens), and could not be undersold by the less efficient Europeans. Nevertheless, the tariff issue motivated both sides to a remarkable extent.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides the obvious economic dimensions, the tariff argument also possessed an ethnic dimension. At the time, the policy of <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a> was most strongly promoted by the British Empire, and so any political candidate who ran on free trade instantly was under threat of being labelled pro-British and antagonistic to the <a href="/wiki/Irish-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish-American">Irish-American</a> voting bloc. Cleveland neatly neutralized this threat by pursuing punitive action against Canada (which, although autonomous, was still part of the British Empire) in a fishing rights dispute.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison was well-funded by party activists and mounted an energetic campaign by the standards of the day, giving many speeches from his front porch in Indianapolis that were covered by the newspapers. Cleveland adhered to the tradition of presidential candidates not campaigning, and forbade his cabinet from campaigning as well, leaving his 75-year-old vice-presidential candidate Thurman as the spearhead of his campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blocks_of_Five">Blocks of Five</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Blocks of Five"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Wade_Dudley" title="William Wade Dudley">William Wade Dudley</a> (1842–1909), an Indianapolis lawyer, was a tireless campaigner and prosecutor of Democratic election frauds. In 1888, Benjamin Harrison made Dudley Treasurer of the Republican National Committee. The campaign was the most intense in decades, with Indiana dead even. Although the National Committee had no business meddling in state politics, Dudley wrote a circular letter to Indiana's county chairmen, telling them to "divide the floaters into Blocks of Five, and put a trusted man with the necessary funds in charge of these five, and make them responsible that none get away and that all vote our ticket." Dudley promised adequate funding. His pre-emptive strike backfired when Democrats obtained the letter and distributed hundreds of thousands of copies nationwide in the last days of the campaign. Given Dudley's unsavory reputation, few people believed his denials. A few thousand "floaters" did exist in Indiana—men who would sell their vote for $2. They always divided 50–50 (or perhaps, $5,000–$5,000) and had no visible impact on the vote. The attack on "blocks of five" with the suggestion that pious General Harrison was trying to buy the election did enliven the Democratic campaign, and it stimulated the nationwide movement to replace ballots printed and distributed by the parties with <a href="/wiki/Secret_ballot" title="Secret ballot">secret ballots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Murchison_letter">Murchison letter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Murchison letter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A California Republican named George Osgoodby wrote a letter to Sir <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Sackville-West,_2nd_Baron_Sackville" title="Lionel Sackville-West, 2nd Baron Sackville">Lionel Sackville-West</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ambassadors_from_the_United_Kingdom_to_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ambassadors from the United Kingdom to the United States">British ambassador to the United States</a>, under the assumed name of "Charles F. Murchison," describing himself as a former Englishman who was now a California citizen and asked how he should vote in the upcoming presidential election. Sir Lionel wrote back and in the "<a href="/wiki/Murchison_letter" title="Murchison letter">Murchison letter</a>" indiscreetly suggested that Cleveland was probably the best man from the British point of view.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Republicans published this letter just two weeks before the election, where it had an effect on Irish-American voters exactly comparable to the "Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion" blunder of the <a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">previous election</a>: Cleveland lost New York and Indiana (and as a result, the presidency). Sackville-West was removed as British ambassador.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/400px-PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="400" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/600px-PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/800px-PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a><figcaption>Results by county indicating the percentage lead of each candidate in each county. Shades of blue are for Cleveland (Democratic), shades of red are for Harrison (Republican), and shades of green are for Streeter (Union Labor).</figcaption></figure> <p>36.3% of the voting age population and 80.5% of eligible voters participated in the election.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbramsonAldrichRohde199599_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbramsonAldrichRohde199599-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The election focused on the swing states of New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Harrison's home state of Indiana.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198710_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198710-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison and Cleveland split these four states, with Harrison winning by means of notoriously fraudulent balloting in New York and Indiana.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalhoun200843_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECalhoun200843-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (September 2024)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198713_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198713-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, Cleveland won every state in the <a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">south</a> via the disenfranchisement of nearly the entire southern black voter base. The Republicans won in twenty-six of the forty-four largest cities outside of the Southern United States.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Had Cleveland won his home state, he would have won the electoral vote by an electoral count of 204–197 (201 electoral votes were needed for victory in 1888). Instead, Cleveland became the third of only five candidates to obtain a <a href="/wiki/Plurality_(voting)" title="Plurality (voting)">plurality</a> or majority of the popular vote but lose their respective presidential elections (<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> in <a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Tilden" title="Samuel J. Tilden">Samuel J. Tilden</a> in <a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election" title="1876 United States presidential election">1876</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> in <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> in <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a>). </p><p>Cleveland bested Harrison in the <a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">popular vote</a> by slightly more than ninety thousand votes (0.8%), though that margin was only made possible by massive <a href="/wiki/Disenfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era">disenfranchisement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Voter_suppression" title="Voter suppression">voter suppression</a> of hundreds of thousands of Republican blacks in the South.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison won the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a> by a 233–168 margin, largely by virtue of his 1.09% win in Cleveland's home state of New York. </p><p>14.18% of Harrison's votes came from the eleven states of the former Confederacy, with him taking 36.67% of the vote in that region.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESherman1973263_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESherman1973263-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four states returned results where the winner won by less than 1 percent of the popular vote. Cleveland earned 24 of his electoral votes from states he won by less than one percent: Connecticut, Virginia, and West Virginia. Harrison earned fifteen of his electoral votes from a state he won by less than 1 percent: Indiana. Harrison won New York (36 electoral votes) by a margin of 1.09%. Despite the narrow margins in several states, only two states switched sides in comparison to Cleveland's <a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">first presidential election</a> (New York and Indiana). </p><p>Of the 2,450 counties/independent cities making returns, Cleveland led in 1,290 (52.65%) while Harrison led in 1,157 (47.22%). Two counties (0.08%) recorded a Streeter plurality while <a href="/wiki/Trinity_County,_California" title="Trinity County, California">one county</a> (0.04%) in California split evenly between Cleveland and Harrison. </p><p>Upon leaving the White House at the end of her husband's first term, <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady</a> <a href="/wiki/Frances_Cleveland" title="Frances Cleveland">Frances Cleveland</a> is reported to have told the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> staff to take care of the building since the Clevelands would be returning in four years. She proved correct, becoming the first First Lady to preside at two nonconsecutive administrations. </p><p>This was the last election in which the Republicans won Colorado and Nevada until 1904. It was also the last election until 1968 when bellwether <a href="/wiki/Co%C3%B6s_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Coös County, New Hampshire">Coös County</a>, New Hampshire, did not support the winning candidate.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first time in American history that a party lost re-election after a single four-year term; this would occur again in 1892, but not for Democrats until 1980. </p><p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Electoral_College_1888.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/United_States_Electoral_College_1888.svg/360px-United_States_Electoral_College_1888.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/United_States_Electoral_College_1888.svg/540px-United_States_Electoral_College_1888.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/United_States_Electoral_College_1888.svg/720px-United_States_Electoral_College_1888.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Electoral results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Presidential candidate </th> <th rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Home state </th> <th colspan="2">Popular vote </th> <th rowspan="2">Electoral<br />vote </th> <th colspan="3">Running mate </th></tr> <tr> <th>Count </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Vice-presidential candidate </th> <th>Home state </th> <th>Electoral vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,443,892 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">47.80% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">233 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Levi P. Morton</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">233 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> (incumbent)</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,534,488 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">48.63% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">168 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Allen G. Thurman</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">168 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Clinton_B._Fisk" title="Clinton B. Fisk">Clinton B. Fisk</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">249,819 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.20% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/John_A._Brooks" title="John A. Brooks">John A. Brooks</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Alson_Streeter" title="Alson Streeter">Alson Streeter</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(United_States,_19th_century)" title="Labor Party (United States, 19th century)">Union Labor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">146,602 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.31% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Cunningham" title="Charles E. Cunningham">Charles E. Cunningham</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>8,519 </td> <td>0.07% </td> <td>— </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="3">Total </th> <td>11,383,320 </td> <td>100% </td> <td>401 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>401 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="5">Needed to win </th> <td>201 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>201 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Source (Popular Vote):</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLeip" class="citation web cs1">Leip, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1888">"1888 Presidential Election Results"</a>. <i>Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dave+Leip%27s+Atlas+of+U.S.+Presidential+Elections&rft.atitle=1888+Presidential+Election+Results&rft.aulast=Leip&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fnational.php%3Fyear%3D1888&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> <b>Source (Electoral Vote):</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/electoral-college/1888#certificates">"Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Electoral+College+Box+Scores+1789%E2%80%931996&rft.pub=National+Archives+and+Records+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Felectoral-college%2F1888%23certificates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Popular vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Cleveland</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:48.63%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">48.63%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Harrison</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:47.80%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">47.80%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Fisk</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ff9955; width:2.20%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2.20%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Streeter</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0BDA51; width:1.31%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.31%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#777777; width:0.07%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.07%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Electoral vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Harrison</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:58.10%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">58.10%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Cleveland</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:41.90%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">41.90%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography_of_results">Geography of results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Geography of results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1888_Electoral_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1888_Electoral_Map.png/650px-1888_Electoral_Map.png" decoding="async" width="650" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1888_Electoral_Map.png/975px-1888_Electoral_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/1888_Electoral_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="1182" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1629px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 535px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 530px; height: 347px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1888_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote"><img alt="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/1888_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/500px-1888_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/1888_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/750px-1888_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/1888_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/1000px-1888_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="352" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cartographic_gallery">Cartographic gallery</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Cartographic gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 972px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of presidential election results by county"><img alt="Map of presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/200px-PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/300px-PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/400px-PresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map of presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of Democratic presidential election results by county"><img alt="Map of Democratic presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/DemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/200px-DemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/DemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/300px-DemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/DemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/400px-DemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map of Democratic presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of Republican presidential election results by county"><img alt="Map of Republican presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/RepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/200px-RepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/RepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/300px-RepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/RepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/400px-RepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map of Republican presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of "other" presidential election results by county"><img alt="Map of "other" presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/OtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/200px-OtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/OtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/300px-OtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/OtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/400px-OtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map of "other" presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CartogramPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Cartogram of presidential election results by county"><img alt="Cartogram of presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/CartogramPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/200px-CartogramPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/CartogramPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/300px-CartogramPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/CartogramPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif/400px-CartogramPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cartogram" title="Cartogram">Cartogram</a> of presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Cartogram of Democratic presidential election results by county"><img alt="Cartogram of Democratic presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/200px-CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/300px-CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/400px-CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cartogram of Democratic presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Cartogram of Republican presidential election results by county"><img alt="Cartogram of Republican presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/200px-CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/300px-CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/400px-CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cartogram of Republican presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 187px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Cartogram of "other" presidential election results by county"><img alt="Cartogram of "other" presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/200px-CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/300px-CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png/400px-CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1888Colorbrewer.png 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cartogram of "other" presidential election results by county</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results_by_state">Results by state</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Results by state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source: Data from <a href="/wiki/Walter_Dean_Burnham" title="Walter Dean Burnham">Walter Dean Burnham</a>, <i>Presidential ballots, 1836–1892</i> (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955) pp 247–57.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td>States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Thurman</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td>States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Morton</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="overflow:auto"> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Grover Cleveland<br />Democratic </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Benjamin Harrison<br />Republican </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Clinton Fisk<br />Prohibition </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Alson Streeter<br />Union Labor </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">Margin </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">State Total </th></tr> <tr> <th align="center">State </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1888 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>117,314 </td> <td>67.00 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>57,177 </td> <td>32.66 </td> <td>- </td> <td>594 </td> <td>0.34 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-60,137 </td> <td>-34.35 </td> <td>175,085 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AL </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1888 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td>86,062 </td> <td>54.80 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>59,752 </td> <td>38.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>614 </td> <td>0.39 </td> <td>- </td> <td>10,630 </td> <td>6.77 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-26,310 </td> <td>-16.75 </td> <td>157,058 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AR </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1888 United States presidential election in California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>117,729 </td> <td>46.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>124,816 </td> <td>49.66 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>5,761 </td> <td>2.29 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,087 </td> <td>2.82 </td> <td>251,339 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1888 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>37,549 </td> <td>40.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>50,772 </td> <td>55.22 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2,182 </td> <td>2.37 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,266 </td> <td>1.38 </td> <td>- </td> <td>13,223 </td> <td>14.38 </td> <td>91,946 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CO </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1888 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>74,920 </td> <td>48.66 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>74,584 </td> <td>48.44 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,234 </td> <td>2.75 </td> <td>- </td> <td>240 </td> <td>0.16 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-336 </td> <td>-0.22 </td> <td>153,978 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CT </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1888 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>16,414 </td> <td>55.15 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>12,950 </td> <td>43.51 </td> <td>- </td> <td>399 </td> <td>1.34 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-3,464 </td> <td>-11.64 </td> <td>29,764 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">DE </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1888 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>39,557 </td> <td>59.48 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>26,529 </td> <td>39.89 </td> <td>- </td> <td>414 </td> <td>0.62 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-13,028 </td> <td>-19.59 </td> <td>66,500 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">FL </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1888 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>100,493 </td> <td>70.31 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>40,499 </td> <td>28.33 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,808 </td> <td>1.26 </td> <td>- </td> <td>136 </td> <td>0.10 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-59,994 </td> <td>-41.97 </td> <td>142,936 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">GA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1888 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22 </td> <td>348,351 </td> <td>46.58 </td> <td>- </td> <td>370,475 </td> <td>49.54 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>21,703 </td> <td>2.90 </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,134 </td> <td>0.95 </td> <td>- </td> <td>22,124 </td> <td>2.96 </td> <td>747,813 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IL </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1888 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">15 </td> <td>261,013 </td> <td>48.61 </td> <td>- </td> <td>263,361 </td> <td>49.05 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>9,881 </td> <td>1.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>2,694 </td> <td>0.50 </td> <td>- </td> <td>2,348 </td> <td>0.44 </td> <td>536,949 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IN </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1888 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>179,877 </td> <td>44.51 </td> <td>- </td> <td>211,603 </td> <td>52.36 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>3,550 </td> <td>0.88 </td> <td>- </td> <td>9,105 </td> <td>2.25 </td> <td>- </td> <td>31,726 </td> <td>7.85 </td> <td>404,135 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1888 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>102,745 </td> <td>31.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>182,904 </td> <td>55.23 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>6,779 </td> <td>2.05 </td> <td>- </td> <td>37,788 </td> <td>11.41 </td> <td>- </td> <td>80,159 </td> <td>24.21 </td> <td>331,149 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">KS </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1888 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>183,830 </td> <td>53.30 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>155,138 </td> <td>44.98 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,223 </td> <td>1.51 </td> <td>- </td> <td>677 </td> <td>0.20 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-28,692 </td> <td>-8.32 </td> <td>344,868 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">KY </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1888 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>85,032 </td> <td>73.37 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>30,660 </td> <td>26.46 </td> <td>- </td> <td>160 </td> <td>0.14 </td> <td>- </td> <td>39 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-54,372 </td> <td>-46.92 </td> <td>115,891 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">LA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1888 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>50,472 </td> <td>39.35 </td> <td>- </td> <td>73,730 </td> <td>57.49 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>2,691 </td> <td>2.10 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,344 </td> <td>1.05 </td> <td>- </td> <td>23,258 </td> <td>18.13 </td> <td>128,253 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ME </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1888 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>106,188 </td> <td>50.34 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>99,986 </td> <td>47.40 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,767 </td> <td>2.26 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-6,202 </td> <td>-2.94 </td> <td>210,941 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MD </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1888 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14 </td> <td>151,590 </td> <td>44.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>183,892 </td> <td>53.42 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>8,701 </td> <td>2.53 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>32,302 </td> <td>9.38 </td> <td>344,243 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1888 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>213,469 </td> <td>44.91 </td> <td>- </td> <td>236,387 </td> <td>49.73 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>20,945 </td> <td>4.41 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,555 </td> <td>0.96 </td> <td>- </td> <td>22,918 </td> <td>4.82 </td> <td>475,356 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MI </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1888 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td>104,385 </td> <td>39.65 </td> <td>- </td> <td>142,492 </td> <td>54.12 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>15,311 </td> <td>5.82 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,097 </td> <td>0.42 </td> <td>- </td> <td>38,107 </td> <td>14.47 </td> <td>263,285 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MN </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1888 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>85,451 </td> <td>73.80 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>30,095 </td> <td>25.99 </td> <td>- </td> <td>240 </td> <td>0.21 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-55,356 </td> <td>-47.81 </td> <td>115,786 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MS </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1888 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16 </td> <td>261,943 </td> <td>50.24 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>236,252 </td> <td>45.31 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,539 </td> <td>0.87 </td> <td>- </td> <td>18,626 </td> <td>3.57 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-25,691 </td> <td>-4.93 </td> <td>521,360 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MO </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1888 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td> <td>80,552 </td> <td>39.75 </td> <td>- </td> <td>108,425 </td> <td>53.51 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>9,429 </td> <td>4.65 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,226 </td> <td>2.09 </td> <td>- </td> <td>27,873 </td> <td>13.76 </td> <td>202,632 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1888 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>5,149 </td> <td>41.94 </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,088 </td> <td>57.73 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>41 </td> <td>0.33 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,939 </td> <td>15.79 </td> <td>12,278 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NV </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1888 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>43,456 </td> <td>47.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>45,728 </td> <td>50.34 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>1,593 </td> <td>1.75 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>2,272 </td> <td>2.50 </td> <td>90,835 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NH </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1888 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>151,508 </td> <td>49.87 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>144,360 </td> <td>47.52 </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,933 </td> <td>2.61 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-7,148 </td> <td>-2.35 </td> <td>303,801 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NJ </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1888 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">36 </td> <td>635,965 </td> <td>48.19 </td> <td>- </td> <td>650,338 </td> <td>49.28 </td> <td>36 </td> <td>30,231 </td> <td>2.29 </td> <td>- </td> <td>627 </td> <td>0.05 </td> <td>- </td> <td>14,373 </td> <td>1.09 </td> <td>1,319,748 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NY </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1888 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>147,902 </td> <td>51.79 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>134,784 </td> <td>47.20 </td> <td>- </td> <td>2,840 </td> <td>0.99 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-13,118 </td> <td>-4.59 </td> <td>285,563 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1888 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23 </td> <td>396,455 </td> <td>47.18 </td> <td>- </td> <td>416,054 </td> <td>49.51 </td> <td>23 </td> <td>24,356 </td> <td>2.90 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,496 </td> <td>0.42 </td> <td>- </td> <td>19,599 </td> <td>2.33 </td> <td>840,361 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OH </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1888 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>26,522 </td> <td>42.88 </td> <td>- </td> <td>33,291 </td> <td>53.82 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>1,677 </td> <td>2.71 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>6,769 </td> <td>10.94 </td> <td>61,853 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OR </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1888 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">30 </td> <td>446,633 </td> <td>44.77 </td> <td>- </td> <td>526,091 </td> <td>52.74 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>20,947 </td> <td>2.10 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,873 </td> <td>0.39 </td> <td>- </td> <td>79,458 </td> <td>7.97 </td> <td>997,568 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">PA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1888 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>17,530 </td> <td>42.99 </td> <td>- </td> <td>21,969 </td> <td>53.88 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>1,251 </td> <td>3.07 </td> <td>- </td> <td>18 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,439 </td> <td>10.89 </td> <td>40,775 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">RI </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1888 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>65,824 </td> <td>82.28 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>13,736 </td> <td>17.17 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-52,088 </td> <td>-65.11 </td> <td>79,997 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SC </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1888 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>158,699 </td> <td>52.26 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>138,978 </td> <td>45.76 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,969 </td> <td>1.97 </td> <td>- </td> <td>48 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-19,721 </td> <td>-6.49 </td> <td>303,694 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">TN </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1888 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>234,883 </td> <td>65.70 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>88,422 </td> <td>24.73 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,749 </td> <td>1.33 </td> <td>- </td> <td>29,459 </td> <td>8.24 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-146,461 </td> <td>-40.97 </td> <td>357,513 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">TX </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1888 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>16,788 </td> <td>25.65 </td> <td>- </td> <td>45,192 </td> <td>69.05 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>1,460 </td> <td>2.23 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,977 </td> <td>3.02 </td> <td>- </td> <td>28,404 </td> <td>43.40 </td> <td>65,452 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">VT </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1888 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>152,004 </td> <td>49.99 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>150,399 </td> <td>49.46 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,684 </td> <td>0.55 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-1,605 </td> <td>-0.53 </td> <td>304,087 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">VA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1888 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>78,677 </td> <td>49.35 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>78,171 </td> <td>49.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,084 </td> <td>0.68 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,508 </td> <td>0.95 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-506 </td> <td>-0.32 </td> <td>159,440 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WV </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1888 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>155,232 </td> <td>43.77 </td> <td>- </td> <td>176,553 </td> <td>49.79 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>14,277 </td> <td>4.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>8,552 </td> <td>2.41 </td> <td>- </td> <td>21,321 </td> <td>6.01 </td> <td>354,614 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WI </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTALS: </th> <th>401 </th> <th>5,538,163 </th> <th>48.63 </th> <th>168 </th> <th>5,443,633 </th> <th>47.80 </th> <th>233 </th> <th>250,017 </th> <th>2.20 </th> <th>- </th> <th>149,115 </th> <th>1.31 </th> <th>- </th> <th>-94,530 </th> <th>-0.83 </th> <th>11,388,846 </th> <td style="text-align:center;">US </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican">States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: States that flipped from Democratic to Republican"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Close_states">Close states</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Close states"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Margin of victory less than 1% (39 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>Connecticut, 0.22% (336 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>West Virginia, 0.32% (506 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Indiana, 0.44% (2,348 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>Virginia, 0.53% (1,605 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory between 1% and 5% (150 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><i><span style="color:red;"><b>New York, 1.09% (14,373 votes)</b> </span> (tipping point state)</i></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Ohio, 2.33% (19,599 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>New Jersey, 2.35% (7,148 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>New Hampshire, 2.50% (2,272 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>California, 2.82% (7,087 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>Maryland, 2.94% (6,202 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Illinois, 2.96% (22,124 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>North Carolina, 4.59% (13,118 votes)</b> </span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Michigan, 4.82% (22,918 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>Missouri, 4.93% (25,691 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory between 5% and 10% (93 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:red;"><b>Wisconsin, 6.01% (21,321 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>Tennessee, 6.49% (19,721 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Iowa, 7.85% (31,726 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Pennsylvania, 7.97% (79,458 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkblue;"><b>Kentucky, 8.32% (28,692 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Massachusetts, 9.38% (32,302 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TradeCardPrezCampaignThemeAdvertClevelandHarrison1888.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/13/TradeCardPrezCampaignThemeAdvertClevelandHarrison1888.jpg/220px-TradeCardPrezCampaignThemeAdvertClevelandHarrison1888.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/13/TradeCardPrezCampaignThemeAdvertClevelandHarrison1888.jpg/330px-TradeCardPrezCampaignThemeAdvertClevelandHarrison1888.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/13/TradeCardPrezCampaignThemeAdvertClevelandHarrison1888.jpg/440px-TradeCardPrezCampaignThemeAdvertClevelandHarrison1888.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1413" data-file-height="875" /></a><figcaption>Business advertising card with an election theme</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1968 the Michael P. Antoine Company produced the <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Walt Disney Company">Walt Disney Company</a> <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical film</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_One_and_Only,_Genuine,_Original_Family_Band" title="The One and Only, Genuine, Original Family Band">The One and Only, Genuine, Original Family Band</a></i> which centers on the election of 1888 and the annexing and subdividing of the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Territory" title="Dakota Territory">Dakota Territory</a> into states (which was a major issue of the election). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_election_campaigns_in_the_19th_century" title="American election campaigns in the 19th century">American election campaigns in the 19th century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931918)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (1865–1918)">History of the United States (1865–1918)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1888 United States House of Representatives elections">1888 United States House of Representatives elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888%E2%80%9389_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1888–89 United States Senate elections">1888–89 United States Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States Democratic Party">History of the United States Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Republican_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States Republican Party">History of the United States Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Inauguration of Benjamin Harrison">Inauguration of Benjamin Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_System" title="Third Party System">Third Party System</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present">"National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789–Present"</a>. <i>United States Election Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Election+Project&rft.atitle=National+General+Election+VEP+Turnout+Rates%2C+1789%E2%80%93Present&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electproject.org%2Fnational-1789-present&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Piatt_Dunn" title="Jacob Piatt Dunn">Jacob Piatt Dunn</a>, George William Harrison Kemper, <i>Indiana and Indianans</i> (p. 724).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCase1889" class="citation journal cs1">Case, George (1889). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293017447214;view=1up;seq=789">"The Prohibition Party: Its Origin, Purpose and Growth"</a>. <i>Magazine of Western History. V.9 1888/1889</i>. <b>9</b>: 707 – via Hathi Trust.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magazine+of+Western+History.+V.9+1888%2F1889&rft.atitle=The+Prohibition+Party%3A+Its+Origin%2C+Purpose+and+Growth&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=707&rft.date=1889&rft.aulast=Case&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dmsu.31293017447214%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D789&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaynes2015" class="citation book cs1">Haynes, Stan M. (November 24, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JKgHCwAAQBAJ&q=fisk+brooks+1888+election&pg=PA157"><i>President-Making in the Gilded Age: The Nominating Conventions of 1876–1900</i></a>. McFarland. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781476663128" title="Special:BookSources/9781476663128"><bdi>9781476663128</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=President-Making+in+the+Gilded+Age%3A+The+Nominating+Conventions+of+1876%E2%80%931900&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft.isbn=9781476663128&rft.aulast=Haynes&rft.aufirst=Stan+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJKgHCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dfisk%2Bbrooks%2B1888%2Belection%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHild201532-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHild201532_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHild2015">Hild 2015</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewcombe1946" class="citation journal cs1">Newcombe, Alfred W. (March 1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40188188">"Alson J. Streeter: An Agrarian Liberal"</a>. <i>Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society</i>. <b>39</b> (1): 71. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40188188">40188188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Illinois+State+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=Alson+J.+Streeter%3A+An+Agrarian+Liberal&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=71&rft.date=1946-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40188188%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Newcombe&rft.aufirst=Alfred+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40188188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/64784944/?terms=%22victor%20h.%20wilder%22&match=1">"Setting Up a Candidate"</a>. <i>The Topeka State Journal</i>. May 17, 1888. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Topeka+State+Journal&rft.atitle=Setting+Up+a+Candidate&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1888-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F64784944%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522victor%2520h.%2520wilder%2522%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/94613866">"The Greenback Party: Mr. George O. Jones Calls a National Convention For Sept. 12"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. August 17, 1888. p. 8. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/94613866">94613866</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Greenback+Party%3A+Mr.+George+O.+Jones+Calls+a+National+Convention+For+Sept.+12&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1888-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F94613866&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/94585439">"Seven Greenbackers Proclaim"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. September 13, 1888. p. 4. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/94585439">94585439</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Seven+Greenbackers+Proclaim&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1888-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F94585439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/94623328">"Who is James L. Curtis?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. August 16, 1888. p. 1. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/94623328">94623328</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Who+is+James+L.+Curtis%3F&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1888-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F94623328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/416362385/?terms=%22equal%20rights%20party%22%20%22convention%22&match=1">"Bound to Have Belva"</a>. <i>Sioux City Journal</i>. May 16, 1888. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sioux+City+Journal&rft.atitle=Bound+to+Have+Belva&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1888-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F416362385%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522equal%2520rights%2520party%2522%2520%2522convention%2522%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlumbe1890" class="citation book cs1">Plumbe, Geo. E., ed. (1890). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libsysdigi.library.uiuc.edu/oca/Books2007-10/chicagodailynews/chicagodailynews1890chic/chicagodailynews1890chic.pdf"><i>The Daily News Almanac and Political Register</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Chicago Daily News. pp. <span class="nowrap">57–</span>8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://libsysdigi.library.uiuc.edu/oca/Books2007-10/chicagodailynews/chicagodailynews1890chic/chicagodailynews1890chic.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Daily+News+Almanac+and+Political+Register&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E57-%3C%2Fspan%3E8&rft.pub=The+Chicago+Daily+News&rft.date=1890&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibsysdigi.library.uiuc.edu%2Foca%2FBooks2007-10%2Fchicagodailynews%2Fchicagodailynews1890chic%2Fchicagodailynews1890chic.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/614470927/?terms=%22industrial%20reform%20party%22%20%22convention%22&match=1">"First in the Field"</a>. <i>The York Dispatch</i>. February 23, 1888. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+York+Dispatch&rft.atitle=First+in+the+Field&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1888-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F614470927%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522industrial%2520reform%2520party%2522%2520%2522convention%2522%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://montgomeryadvertiser.newspapers.com/image/261974266/?terms=%22industrial%20reform%20party%22&match=1">"Alabama's electoral vote has already been captured"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Montgomery_Advertiser" class="mw-redirect" title="The Montgomery Advertiser">The Montgomery Advertiser</a></i>. March 4, 1888. p. 4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Montgomery+Advertiser&rft.atitle=Alabama%27s+electoral+vote+has+already+been+captured&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1888-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmontgomeryadvertiser.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F261974266%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522industrial%2520reform%2520party%2522%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCleveland1887" class="citation web cs1">Cleveland, Grover (December 6, 1887). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/third-annual-message-first-term">"Third Annual Message (first term)"</a>. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley for <a href="/wiki/The_American_Presidency_Project" title="The American Presidency Project">the American Presidency Project</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Third+Annual+Message+%28first+term%29&rft.pub=Online+by+Gerhard+Peters+and+John+T.+Woolley+for+the+American+Presidency+Project&rft.date=1887-12-06&rft.aulast=Cleveland&rft.aufirst=Grover&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ucsb.edu%2Fdocuments%2Fthird-annual-message-first-term&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1888">"Republican Party Platform of 1888"</a>. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley for <a href="/wiki/The_American_Presidency_Project" title="The American Presidency Project">the American Presidency Project</a>. June 19, 1888<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republican+Party+Platform+of+1888&rft.pub=Online+by+Gerhard+Peters+and+John+T.+Woolley+for+the+American+Presidency+Project&rft.date=1888-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ucsb.edu%2Fdocuments%2Frepublican-party-platform-1888&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul F. Boller Jr., <i>Presidential Campaigns</i> (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004), 157-59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reitano, Joanne. <i>The Tariff Question in the Gilded Age: The Great Debate of 1888.</i> University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1994.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCleveland1888" class="citation web cs1">Cleveland, Grover (February 20, 1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/special-message-1106">"Special Message"</a>. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley for <a href="/wiki/The_American_Presidency_Project" title="The American Presidency Project">the American Presidency Project</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Special+Message&rft.pub=Online+by+Gerhard+Peters+and+John+T.+Woolley+for+the+American+Presidency+Project&rft.date=1888-02-20&rft.aulast=Cleveland&rft.aufirst=Grover&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ucsb.edu%2Fdocuments%2Fspecial-message-1106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/united-states-president-scolds-pictou-in-1886-correspondence-66225">"United States president scolds Pictou in 1886 correspondence"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HarpWeek+%26%23124%3B+Elections+%26%23124%3B+1888+Overview&rft.pub=Elections.harpweek.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Felections.harpweek.com%2F1888%2FOverview-1888-1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jensen, <i>Winning of the Midwest</i> (1971) ch 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-vote-that-failed-159427766/">"The Vote That Failed"</a>. <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Vote+That+Failed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fhistory%2Fthe-vote-that-failed-159427766%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Murchison Letter, as printed in the <i>New York Herald</i>, October 23, 1888. Reprinted in <i>Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, Volume 2</i>, transmitted to Congress by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Government Printing Office</a>, 1889. Page 1707.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles S. Campbell, Jr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1886600">"The Dismissal of Lord Sackville."</a> <i>The Mississippi Valley Historical Review</i> <b>44</b>:<i>4</i> (March 1958), pp. 635–648.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbramsonAldrichRohde199599-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbramsonAldrichRohde199599_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbramsonAldrichRohde1995">Abramson, Aldrich & Rohde 1995</a>, p. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198710-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198710_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSocolofskySpetter1987">Socolofsky & Spetter 1987</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECalhoun200843-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalhoun200843_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCalhoun2008">Calhoun 2008</a>, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198713-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESocolofskySpetter198713_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSocolofskySpetter1987">Socolofsky & Spetter 1987</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy1974" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Paul (1974). <i>Political Parties In American History, Volume 3, 1890-present</i>. <a href="/wiki/G._P._Putnam%27s_Sons" title="G. P. Putnam's Sons">G. P. Putnam's Sons</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Parties+In+American+History%2C+Volume+3%2C+1890-present&rft.pub=G.+P.+Putnam%27s+Sons&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeruso2022" class="citation journal cs1">Geruso, Michael (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10782436">"Inversions in US Presidential Elections: 1836–2016"</a>. <i>Am Econ J Appl Econ</i>. <b>14</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">327–</span>357. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1257%2Fapp.20200210">10.1257/app.20200210</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10782436">10782436</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38213750">38213750</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am+Econ+J+Appl+Econ&rft.atitle=Inversions+in+US+Presidential+Elections%3A+1836%E2%80%932016&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E327-%3C%2Fspan%3E357&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10782436%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F38213750&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1257%2Fapp.20200210&rft.aulast=Geruso&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10782436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESherman1973263-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESherman1973263_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSherman1973">Sherman 1973</a>, p. 263.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Political Graveyard; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/NH/CO-votes.html">Coös County Votes for President</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1888&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1888 Presidential General Election Data – National"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 7,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1888+Presidential+General+Election+Data+%E2%80%93+National&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fdata.php%3Fyear%3D1888%26datatype%3Dnational%26def%3D1%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbramsonAldrichRohde1995" class="citation book cs1">Abramson, Paul; Aldrich, John; Rohde, David (1995). <i>Change and Continuity in the 1992 Elections</i>. <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0871878399" title="Special:BookSources/0871878399"><bdi>0871878399</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Change+and+Continuity+in+the+1992+Elections&rft.pub=CQ+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0871878399&rft.aulast=Abramson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Aldrich%2C+John&rft.au=Rohde%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman1973" class="citation book cs1">Sherman, Richard (1973). <i>The Republican Party and Black America From McKinley to Hoover 1896-1933</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_Press" title="University of Virginia Press">University of Virginia Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0813904676" title="Special:BookSources/0813904676"><bdi>0813904676</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Republican+Party+and+Black+America+From+McKinley+to+Hoover+1896-1933&rft.pub=University+of+Virginia+Press&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=0813904676&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHild2015" class="citation journal cs1">Hild, Matthew (2015). "The Knights of Labor and the Third-Party Movement in Texas, 1886–1896". <i>The Southwestern Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>119</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Historical_Association" title="Texas State Historical Association">Texas State Historical Association</a>: <span class="nowrap">24–</span>43. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F447112">10.2307/447112</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24388910">24388910</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Southwestern+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Knights+of+Labor+and+the+Third-Party+Movement+in+Texas%2C+1886%E2%80%931896&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E24-%3C%2Fspan%3E43&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F447112&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24388910%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Hild&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_sources">Secondary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Secondary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaumgarden1984" class="citation journal cs1">Baumgarden, James L. (Summer 1984). "The 1888 Presidential Election: How Corrupt?". <i>Presidential Studies Quarterly</i>. <b>14</b>: <span class="nowrap">416–</span>27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+1888+Presidential+Election%3A+How+Corrupt%3F&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=14&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E416-%3C%2Fspan%3E27&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Baumgarden&rft.aufirst=James+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Bourdon, Jeffrey Normand. "Trains, Canes, and Replica Log Cabins: Benjamin Harrison's 1888 Front-Porch Campaign for the Presidency." <i>Indiana Magazine of History</i> 110.3 (2014): 246–269. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/imh/article/download/22542/28460/">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalhoon2010" class="citation journal cs1">Calhoon, Robert M. (2010). "Gilded Age Statecraft". <i>Reviews in American History</i>. <b>38</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">99–</span>103. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Frah.0.0172">10.1353/rah.0.0172</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40589751">40589751</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145017507">145017507</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+American+History&rft.atitle=Gilded+Age+Statecraft&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E99-%3C%2Fspan%3E103&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145017507%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40589751%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Frah.0.0172&rft.aulast=Calhoon&rft.aufirst=Robert+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalhoun2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Calhoun" title="Charles W. Calhoun">Calhoun, Charles W.</a> (2008). <i>Minority Victory: Gilded Age Politics and the Front Porch Campaign of 1888</i>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1596-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1596-4"><bdi>978-0-7006-1596-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minority+Victory%3A+Gilded+Age+Politics+and+the+Front+Porch+Campaign+of+1888&rft.place=Lawrence&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-1596-4&rft.aulast=Calhoun&rft.aufirst=Charles+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaines2001" class="citation journal cs1">Gaines, Brian J. (March 2001). "Popular Myths about Popular Vote-Electoral College Splits". <i>PS: Political Science and Politics</i>. <b>34</b>: <span class="nowrap">70–</span>75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs1049096501000105">10.1017/s1049096501000105</a> (inactive November 1, 2024). <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154828041">154828041</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PS%3A+Political+Science+and+Politics&rft.atitle=Popular+Myths+about+Popular+Vote-Electoral+College+Splits&rft.volume=34&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E70-%3C%2Fspan%3E75&rft.date=2001-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs1049096501000105&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154828041%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Gaines&rft.aufirst=Brian+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJensen1971" class="citation book cs1">Jensen, Richard (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/winningofmidwest0000jens"><i>The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888–1896</i></a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-39825-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-39825-0"><bdi>0-226-39825-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Winning+of+the+Midwest%3A+Social+and+Political+Conflict%2C+1888%E2%80%931896&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=0-226-39825-0&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwinningofmidwest0000jens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XpCgCNZwpvoC">online free</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan1969" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, H. Wayne (1969). <i>From Hayes to McKinley: National Party Politics, 1877–1896</i>. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8156-2136-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8156-2136-1"><bdi>0-8156-2136-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Hayes+to+McKinley%3A+National+Party+Politics%2C+1877%E2%80%931896&rft.place=Syracuse&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=0-8156-2136-1&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=H.+Wayne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Nevins" title="Allan Nevins">Nevins, Allan</a>. <i>Grover Cleveland: a study in courage</i> (1933), the standard biography</li> <li>Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxson. <i>A History of the United States since the Civil War. Volume V, 1888–1901</i> (1937). pp 1–74.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReitano1994" class="citation book cs1">Reitano, Joanne R. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tariffquestionin0000reit"><i>The Tariff Question in the Gilded Age: The Great Debate of 1888</i></a>. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-271-01035-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-271-01035-5"><bdi>0-271-01035-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tariff+Question+in+the+Gilded+Age%3A+The+Great+Debate+of+1888&rft.place=University+Park&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-271-01035-5&rft.aulast=Reitano&rft.aufirst=Joanne+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftariffquestionin0000reit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShenkman2004" class="citation web cs1">Shenkman, Rick (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hnn.us/articles/3593.html">"Who Played the First Dirty Tricks in American Presidential Politics?"</a>. <i>History News Network</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 4,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+News+Network&rft.atitle=Who+Played+the+First+Dirty+Tricks+in+American+Presidential+Politics%3F&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Shenkman&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhnn.us%2Farticles%2F3593.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Sievers, Harry. <i> Benjamin Harrison: from the Civil War to the White House, 1865–1888</i> (1959), standard biography</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSocolofskySpetter1987" class="citation book cs1">Socolofsky, Homer E.; Spetter, Allan B. (1987). <i>The Presidency of Benjamin Harrison</i>. University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-0320-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-0320-6"><bdi>978-0-7006-0320-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presidency+of+Benjamin+Harrison&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-0320-6&rft.aulast=Socolofsky&rft.aufirst=Homer+E.&rft.au=Spetter%2C+Allan+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSummers2004" class="citation book cs1">Summers, Mark Wahlgren (2004). <i>Party Games: Getting, Keeping, and Using Power in Gilded Age Politics</i>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8078-2862-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8078-2862-9"><bdi>0-8078-2862-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Party+Games%3A+Getting%2C+Keeping%2C+and+Using+Power+in+Gilded+Age+Politics&rft.place=Chapel+Hill&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-8078-2862-9&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=Mark+Wahlgren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0807855375">excerpt and text search</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Primary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawson1888" class="citation book cs1">Dawson, George Francis (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/republicancampa00usgoog"><i>The Republican Campaign Text-book for 1888</i></a>. New York: Brentano's. <q>Democratic campaign text Book.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Republican+Campaign+Text-book+for+1888&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Brentano%27s&rft.date=1888&rft.aulast=Dawson&rft.aufirst=George+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frepublicancampa00usgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1888+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>The campaign text book of the Democratic party of the United States, for ...1888</i> (1888) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/campaigntextboo00usgoog">full text online</a>, the compilation of data, texts and political arguments used by stump speakers across the country</li> <li>Cleveland, Grover. <i>Letters and Addresses of Grover Cleveland</i> (1909) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=010NAQAAIAAJ&q=intitle:Letters+intitle:of+intitle:Grover+intitle:Cleveland">online edition</a></li> <li>Cleveland, Grover. <i>The Letters of Grover Cleveland</i> (1937), edited by Allan Nevins.</li> <li>Harrison, Benjamin. <i>Speeches of Benjamin Harrison, twenty-third President of the United States</i> (1890), contains his 1888 campaign speeches <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gcFxAAAAMAAJ&q=intitle:campaign+intitle:1888">full text online</a></li> <li>Chester, Edward W <i>A guide to political platforms</i> (1977) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guidetopolitical0000ches">online</a></li> <li>Porter, Kirk H. and Donald Bruce Johnson, eds. <i>National party platforms, 1840–1964</i> (1965) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationalpartypla00port">online 1840–1956</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/elections/election1888.html">Presidential Election of 1888: A Resource Guide</a> from the Library of Congress</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geoelections.free.fr/USA/elec_comtes/1888.htm">1888 popular vote by counties</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countingthevotes.com/1888/">Election of 1888 in Counting the Votes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041320/http://www.countingthevotes.com/1888/">Archived</a> March 4, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-vote-that-failed-159427766/?all">The Vote That Failed</a>. <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i> article on Indiana in the 1888 election.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Benjamin_Harrison587" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Benjamin_Harrison" title="Template:Benjamin Harrison"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Benjamin_Harrison" title="Template talk:Benjamin Harrison"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Benjamin_Harrison" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Benjamin Harrison"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Benjamin_Harrison587" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">23rd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1889–1893)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senator from Indiana</a> (1881–1887)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Plantation" title="Berkeley Plantation">Berkeley Plantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70th_Indiana_Infantry_Regiment" title="70th Indiana Infantry Regiment">70th Indiana Infantry Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_Presidential_Site" title="Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site">Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Republican_National_Convention" title="1880 Republican National Convention">1880 Republican National Convention</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1888 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">1888 Republican National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_porch_campaign" title="Front porch campaign">Front porch campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Hill_Cemetery" title="Crown Hill Cemetery">Crown Hill Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Harrison,_head_and_shoulders_bw_photo,_1896.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Benjamin_Harrison%2C_head_and_shoulders_bw_photo%2C_1896.jpg/100px-Benjamin_Harrison%2C_head_and_shoulders_bw_photo%2C_1896.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Benjamin_Harrison%2C_head_and_shoulders_bw_photo%2C_1896.jpg/150px-Benjamin_Harrison%2C_head_and_shoulders_bw_photo%2C_1896.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Benjamin_Harrison%2C_head_and_shoulders_bw_photo%2C_1896.jpg/200px-Benjamin_Harrison%2C_head_and_shoulders_bw_photo%2C_1896.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2588" data-file-height="3282" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Presidency of Benjamin Harrison">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Inauguration of Benjamin Harrison">Inauguration of Benjamin Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_U.S._foreign_policy,_1861%E2%80%931897" title="History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_and_Disability_Pension_Act" title="Dependent and Disability Pension Act">Dependent and Disability Pension Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_United_States_Congress" title="51st United States Congress">51st United States Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Antitrust_Act" title="Sherman Antitrust Act">Sherman Antitrust Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Silver_Purchase_Act" title="Sherman Silver Purchase Act">Sherman Silver Purchase Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodge_Bill" title="Lodge Bill">Lodge Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Revision_Act" title="General Revision Act">Land Revision Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_forest_(United_States)" title="National forest (United States)">National forests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinley_Tariff" title="McKinley Tariff">McKinley Tariff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act_of_1891" title="Immigration Act of 1891">Immigration Act of 1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geary_Act" title="Geary Act">Geary Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_International_Conference_of_American_States" title="First International Conference of American States">First International Conference of American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_crisis" title="Baltimore crisis">Baltimore crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Benjamin_Harrison" title="List of federal judges appointed by Benjamin Harrison">List of federal judges appointed by Benjamin Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Republican_National_Convention" title="1892 Republican National Convention">1892 Republican National Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public image</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Statue of Benjamin Harrison"><i>Benjamin Harrison</i> (Indianapolis statue)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bust_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Bust of Benjamin Harrison">Bust of Benjamin Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Fort Benjamin Harrison">Fort Benjamin Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Harrison_State_Park" title="Fort Harrison State Park">Fort Harrison State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Hall" title="Harrison Hall">Harrison Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_President_Harrison" title="SS President Harrison">SS <i>President Harrison</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_family_of_Virginia" title="Harrison family of Virginia">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Harrison" title="Caroline Harrison">Caroline Harrison</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Dimmick_Harrison" title="Mary Dimmick Harrison">Mary Dimmick Harrison</a> (second wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Russell Benjamin Harrison">Russell Benjamin Harrison</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Harrison_McKee" title="Mary Harrison McKee">Mary Harrison McKee</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Harrison_Walker" title="Elizabeth Harrison Walker">Elizabeth Harrison Walker</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison_III" title="William Henry Harrison III">William Henry Harrison III</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scott_Harrison" title="John Scott Harrison">John Scott Harrison</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Harrison" title="Anna Harrison">Anna Harrison</a> (grandmother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V">Benjamin Harrison V</a> (great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cleves_Symmes" title="John Cleves Symmes">John Cleves Symmes</a> (great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_IV" title="Benjamin Harrison IV">Benjamin Harrison IV</a> (great-great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_III" title="Benjamin Harrison III">Benjamin Harrison III</a> (great-great-great grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Carter_I" title="Robert Carter I">Robert Carter I</a> (great-great-great grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">← Grover Cleveland</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Grover_Cleveland" title="Category:Grover Cleveland">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grover_Cleveland632" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grover_Cleveland" title="Template:Grover Cleveland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grover_Cleveland" title="Template talk:Grover Cleveland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grover_Cleveland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grover Cleveland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grover_Cleveland632" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Grover_Cleveland" title="First presidency of Grover Cleveland">22nd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Grover_Cleveland" title="Second presidency of Grover Cleveland">24th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1885–1889; 1893–1897)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_York" title="List of governors of New York">28th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a> (1883–1885)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_Birthplace" title="Grover Cleveland Birthplace">Grover Cleveland Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Institute_for_Special_Education" title="New York Institute for Special Education">New York Institute for Special Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Buffalo_mayoral_election" title="1881 Buffalo mayoral election">1881 Buffalo mayoral election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1882_New_York_state_election" title="1882 New York state election">1882 New York state election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugwumps" title="Mugwumps">Mugwumps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Mansion" title="Westland Mansion">Westland Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_Gables" title="Gray Gables">Gray Gables</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884 presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_1884_presidential_campaign" title="Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign">Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1884 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Grover_Cleveland" title="First inauguration of Grover Cleveland">First inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Grover_Cleveland_and_Frances_Folsom" title="Wedding of Grover Cleveland and Frances Folsom">Wedding to Frances Folsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_U.S._foreign_policy,_1861%E2%80%931897" title="History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Succession_Act" title="Presidential Succession Act">Presidential Succession Act of 1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Count_Act" title="Electoral Count Act">Electoral Count Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Commerce_Act_of_1887" title="Interstate Commerce Act of 1887">Interstate Commerce Act of 1887</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Commerce_Commission" title="Interstate Commerce Commission">Interstate Commerce Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)" title="Tenure of Office Act (1867)">Tenure of Office Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_and_Disability_Pension_Act" title="Dependent and Disability Pension Act">Dependent and Disability Pension Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatch_Act_of_1887" title="Hatch Act of 1887">Hatch Act of 1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Experiment_Stations_Act_of_1887" title="Agricultural Experiment Stations Act of 1887">Agricultural Experiment Stations Act of 1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Seed_Bill" title="Texas Seed Bill">Texas Seed Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Conference" title="Berlin Conference">Berlin Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Act_(1888)" title="Scott Act (1888)">Scott Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawes_Act" title="Dawes Act">Dawes Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Appropriations_Act" title="Indian Appropriations Act">Indian Appropriations Act of 1889</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Grover_Cleveland" title="List of federal judges appointed by Grover Cleveland">Federal judges appointed</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1888 presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_1888_presidential_campaign" title="Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign">Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1888 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murchison_letter" title="Murchison letter">Murchison letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892 presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_1892_presidential_campaign" title="Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign">Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1892 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Grover_Cleveland" title="Second inauguration of Grover Cleveland">Second inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1893" title="Panic of 1893">Panic of 1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Silver_Purchase_Act" title="Sherman Silver Purchase Act">Sherman Silver Purchase Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%E2%80%93Gorman_Tariff_Act" title="Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act">Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coxey%27s_Army" title="Coxey's Army">Coxey's Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pullman_Strike" title="Pullman Strike">Pullman Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Hawaiian_Kingdom" title="Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom">Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_crisis_of_1895" title="Venezuelan crisis of 1895">Venezuelan crisis of 1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enabling_Act_of_1889" title="Enabling Act of 1889">Enabling Act of 1889</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="National Democratic Party (United States)">National Democratic Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public image</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_National_Forest" title="Cleveland National Forest">Cleveland National Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Park" title="Cleveland Park">Cleveland Park</a></li> <li>Grover Cleveland High School <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_High_School_(Buffalo,_New_York)" title="Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York)">Buffalo, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_High_School_(Los_Angeles)" title="Cleveland High School (Los Angeles)">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_High_School_(Queens)" title="Grover Cleveland High School (Queens)">Queens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland,_Mississippi" title="Cleveland, Mississippi">Cleveland, Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Cleveland_(Alaska)" title="Mount Cleveland (Alaska)">Mount Cleveland (Alaska)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Cleveland_(Vermont)" title="Mount Cleveland (Vermont)">Mount Cleveland (Vermont)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_President_Cleveland_(1920)" title="SS President Cleveland (1920)">SS <i>President Cleveland</i></a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_President_Cleveland_(1947)" title="SS President Cleveland (1947)">SS <i>President Cleveland</i></a> (1947)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Cleveland" title="Frances Cleveland">Frances Cleveland</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Cleveland" title="Ruth Cleveland">Ruth Cleveland</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Cleveland" title="Esther Cleveland">Esther Cleveland</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Cleveland" title="Richard F. Cleveland">Richard F. Cleveland</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Cleveland" title="Francis Cleveland">Francis Cleveland</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_Foot" title="Philippa Foot">Philippa Foot</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Falley_Cleveland" title="Richard Falley Cleveland">Richard Falley Cleveland</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Cleveland" title="Rose Cleveland">Rose Cleveland</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Falley_Jr." title="Richard Falley Jr.">Richard Falley Jr.</a> (great-grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">← Chester A. Arthur</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">←Benjamin Harrison→</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Grover_Cleveland" title="Category:Grover Cleveland">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_and_district_results_of_the_1888_United_States_presidential_election119" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:State_results_of_the_1888_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template:State results of the 1888 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:State_results_of_the_1888_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template talk:State results of the 1888 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:State_results_of_the_1888_U.S._presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:State results of the 1888 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_and_district_results_of_the_1888_United_States_presidential_election119" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">State and district results of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1888 United States presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1888 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1888 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1888 United States presidential election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1888 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1888 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1888 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1888 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1888 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1888 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1888 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1888 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1888 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1888 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1888 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1888 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1888 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1888 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1888 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1888 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1888 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1888 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1888 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1888 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1888 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1888 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1888 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1888 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1888 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1888 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1888 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1888 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1888 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1888 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1888 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1888 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1888 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1888 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1888 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left:1.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1888.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Electoral map, 1888 election"><img alt="Electoral map, 1888 election" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/ElectoralCollege1888.svg/150px-ElectoralCollege1888.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/ElectoralCollege1888.svg/225px-ElectoralCollege1888.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/ElectoralCollege1888.svg/300px-ElectoralCollege1888.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="593" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1884)_1888_United_States_presidential_election_(1892_→)547" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1888 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1888 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1888 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1884)_1888_United_States_presidential_election_(1892_→)547" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">← 1884</a>) <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1888 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></b> <br />(<a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">Convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></b></li> <li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Levi P. Morton</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">John Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_A._Alger" title="Russell A. Alger">Russell A. Alger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">William B. Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chauncey_Depew" title="Chauncey Depew">Chauncey Depew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Ingalls" title="John J. Ingalls">John J. Ingalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_McLain_Rusk" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremiah McLain Rusk">Jeremiah M. Rusk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Walter_Phelps" title="William Walter Phelps">William W. Phelps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Henry_Fitler" title="Edwin Henry Fitler">Edwin H. Fitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></b><br />(<a href="/wiki/1888_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1888 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nominees8" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></b> (incumbent)</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Allen G. Thurman</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Third_party_and_independent_candidates244" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> candidates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Clinton_B._Fisk" title="Clinton B. Fisk">Clinton B. Fisk</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/John_A._Brooks" title="John A. Brooks">John A. Brooks</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #6633CC;"><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(United_States,_19th_century)" title="Labor Party (United States, 19th century)">Union Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Alson_Streeter" title="Alson Streeter">Alson Streeter</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Cunningham" title="Charles E. Cunningham">Charles E. Cunningham</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;">United Labor Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_H._Cowdrey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert H. Cowdrey (page does not exist)">Robert H. Cowdrey</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._T._Wakefield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William H. T. Wakefield (page does not exist)">William H. T. Wakefield</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;">American Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/James_L._Curtis" title="James L. Curtis">James L. Curtis</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Wigginton" title="Peter D. Wigginton">Peter D. Wigginton</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;"><a href="/wiki/National_Equal_Rights_Party" title="National Equal Rights Party">National Equal Rights Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Belva_Ann_Lockwood" title="Belva Ann Lockwood">Belva Ann Lockwood</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_H._Love" title="Alfred H. Love">Alfred H. Love</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>Other 1888 elections</b>: <a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1888 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_and_1889_United_States_Senate_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1888 and 1889 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_presidential_elections584" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Template:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Template talk:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_presidential_elections584" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">United States presidential elections</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections by year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1788%E2%80%9389_United_States_presidential_election" title="1788–89 United States presidential election">1788–89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1792_United_States_presidential_election" title="1792 United States presidential election">1792</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">1808</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election" title="1820 United States presidential election">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1844_United_States_presidential_election" title="1844 United States presidential election">1844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_United_States_presidential_election" title="1852 United States presidential election">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_presidential_election" title="1868 United States presidential election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election" title="1872 United States presidential election">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election" title="1876 United States presidential election">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election" title="1880 United States presidential election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election" title="1896 United States presidential election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election" title="1904 United States presidential election">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_United_States_presidential_election" title="1908 United States presidential election">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election" title="1916 United States presidential election">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="1940 United States presidential election">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="1956 United States presidential election">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2028_United_States_presidential_election" title="2028 United States presidential election"><i>2028</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_by_participation_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="List of states by participation in United States presidential elections">Elections by state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alabama" title="United States presidential elections in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alaska" title="United States presidential elections in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arizona" title="United States presidential elections in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arkansas" title="United States presidential elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_California" title="United States presidential elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Colorado" title="United States presidential elections in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Connecticut" title="United States presidential elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Delaware" title="United States presidential elections in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States presidential elections in the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Florida" title="United States presidential elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Georgia" title="United States presidential elections in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Hawaii" title="United States presidential elections in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Idaho" title="United States presidential elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Illinois" title="United States presidential elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Indiana" title="United States presidential elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Iowa" title="United States presidential elections in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kansas" title="United States presidential elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kentucky" title="United States presidential elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Louisiana" title="United States presidential elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maine" title="United States presidential elections in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maryland" title="United States presidential elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="United States presidential elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Michigan" title="United States presidential elections in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Minnesota" title="United States presidential elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Mississippi" title="United States presidential elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Missouri" title="United States presidential elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Montana" title="United States presidential elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nebraska" title="United States presidential elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nevada" title="United States presidential elections in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Hampshire" title="United States presidential elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Jersey" title="United States presidential elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Mexico" title="United States presidential elections in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_York" title="United States presidential elections in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Ohio" title="United States presidential elections in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oklahoma" title="United States presidential elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oregon" title="United States presidential elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Pennsylvania" title="United States presidential elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Rhode_Island" title="United States presidential elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Tennessee" title="United States presidential elections in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Texas" title="United States presidential elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Utah" title="United States presidential elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Vermont" title="United States presidential elections in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Washington_(state)" title="United States presidential elections in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_West_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wisconsin" title="United States presidential elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wyoming" title="United States presidential elections in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_primary" title="United States presidential primary">Primaries and caucuses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_caucuses" title="Iowa caucuses">Iowa caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_presidential_primary" title="New Hampshire presidential primary">New Hampshire presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_presidential_caucuses" title="Nevada presidential caucuses">Nevada presidential caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_presidential_primary" title="South Carolina presidential primary">South Carolina presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday">Super Tuesday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_nominating_convention" title="United States presidential nominating convention">Nominating conventions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_nominating_conventions_in_the_United_States" title="List of presidential nominating conventions in the United States">List of nominating conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brokered_convention" title="Brokered convention">Brokered convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_bounce" title="Convention bounce">Convention bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superdelegate" title="Superdelegate">Superdelegate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a><br />and popular vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Results <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_summary" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election summary">summary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote" title="List of United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote">elections in which the winner lost the popular vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_Electoral_College_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin">Electoral College margins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_election_results_by_state" title="List of United States presidential election results by state">Electoral College results by state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_vote_changes_between_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Electoral vote changes between United States presidential elections">electoral vote changes between elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_received_an_electoral_vote_in_the_United_States_Electoral_College" title="List of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College">electoral vote recipients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of votes received">popular votes received</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_popular_vote_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin">popular-vote margins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Count_Act" title="Electoral Count Act">Electoral Count Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_ascertainment" title="Certificate of ascertainment">Certificate of ascertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Certificate of vote">Certificate of vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contingent_election" title="Contingent election">Contingent election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faithless_elector" title="Faithless elector">Faithless elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Voter turnout in United States presidential elections">Voter turnout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_campaign_slogans" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans">Campaign slogans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polling_for_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Polling for United States presidential elections">Historical election polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Day_(United_States)" title="Election Day (United States)">Election Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_major_party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States major party presidential tickets">Major party tickets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States">Major party losers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_debates" title="United States presidential debates">Presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_surprise" title="October surprise">October surprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_state" title="Swing state">Swing state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipping-point_state" title="Tipping-point state">Tipping-point state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_recount" title="Election recount">Election recount</a> (<a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election_recount_in_Florida" title="2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida">2000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_straw_polls_in_Guam" title="United States presidential straw polls in Guam">Guam straw poll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_straw_polls_in_Puerto_Rico" title="United States presidential straw polls in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico straw poll</a></li> <li>Vice presidential confirmations: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1973_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1973 United States vice presidential confirmation">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1974 United States vice presidential confirmation">1974</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="Template:United States House of Representatives elections">House elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Senate_elections" title="Template:United States Senate elections">Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="Template:United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox492" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q699168#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16106484k">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16106484k">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&oldid=1276018908">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1888_United_States_presidential_election&oldid=1276018908</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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