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id="toc-Indian_Embassy_in_Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venezuelan_Embassy_in_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venezuelan_Embassy_in_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Venezuelan Embassy in India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venezuelan_Embassy_in_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indians_in_Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indians_in_Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Indians in Venezuela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indians_in_Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">India-Venezuela relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Venezuela_Locator.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of India and Venezuela"><img alt="Map indicating locations of India and Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/India_Venezuela_Locator.png/250px-India_Venezuela_Locator.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/India_Venezuela_Locator.png/375px-India_Venezuela_Locator.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/India_Venezuela_Locator.png/500px-India_Venezuela_Locator.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/68px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/90px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/68px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/90px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Diplomatic mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center">Embassy of India in <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;">Embassy of Venezuela in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Envoy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center">Indian Ambassador to Venezuela P. K. Ashok Babu</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;">Venezuelan Ambassador to India Mrs Capaya Rodriguez Gonzalez</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>India–Venezuela relations</b> are the international relations that exist between the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of India">Republic of India</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Republic_of_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela">Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diplomatic relations between India and Venezuela were established on 1 October 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_of_Venezuela_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy_of_Venezuela-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India maintains an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, while Venezuela maintains an embassy in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>. </p><p>There have been several visits by heads of state and government, and other high-level officials between the countries. President <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Hugo Chávez</a> visited New Delhi on 4–7 March 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_of_Venezuela_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy_of_Venezuela-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chávez met with Indian President <a href="/wiki/APJ_Abdul_Kalam" class="mw-redirect" title="APJ Abdul Kalam">APJ Abdul Kalam</a> and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a>. The two countries signed six agreements including one to establish a Joint Commission to promote bilateral relations and another on cooperation in the hydrocarbon sector. Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Nicolás Maduro</a> visited India to attend the First Meeting of the India-CELAC Troika Foreign Ministers meeting in New Delhi on 7 August 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Election Commission of India (ECI) and the National Electoral Council (CNE) of Venezuela signed an MoU during a visit by Indian Election Commissioner V S Sampath to Caracas in 2012. Minister of State for Corporate Affairs visited Venezuela to attend the state funeral of President Chavez in March 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The President and Prime Minister of India expressed condolences on the death of Chávez. The <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a>, the upper house of Parliament, observed a minute's silence to mark his death. Ambassador Smita Purushottam represented India at the swearing-in ceremony of Chávez's successor Nicolás Maduro on 19 April 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Citizens of Venezuela are eligible for scholarships under the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation_Programme" title="Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme">Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Council_for_Cultural_Relations" title="Indian Council for Cultural Relations">Indian Council for Cultural Relations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_relations">Economic relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Economic relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trade">Trade</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Trade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>India surpassed China as the largest Asian importer of <a href="/wiki/Crude_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Crude oil">crude oil</a> from Venezuela in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Venezuela is India's seventh largest source of crude oil after <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Economy of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> accounting for 3.4% of the country's oil imports in March–December 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the preceding decade, India became the third largest importer of oil in the world, after the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and China. Following unrest in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>, its traditional source of oil, India looked to diversify its sources of oil imports. The rise in US domestic oil production resulted in an 87% reduction of American oil imports from Venezuela in 2019, creating an opportunity for India to increase crude oil imports from Venezuela.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Wire_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Wire-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As crude oil imports form the bulk of bilateral trade, the total value of trade is heavily dependent on <a href="/wiki/Crude_oil_prices" class="mw-redirect" title="Crude oil prices">crude oil prices</a>. Bilateral trade between India and Venezuela totalled US$2.79 billion in 2020-21. This was much lower than the $5.241 billion, $6.563 billion and $5.728 billion recorded in 2017-18, 2018–19 and 2019–20 respectively. In 2020, crude oil exports from Venezuela to India stood at $2 billion, while non-oil exports from Venezuela accounted for just $27.9 million. Apart from crude oil, the other major commodities India imports from Venezuela are Scrap Iron and Scrap Copper.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>India's total exports to Venezuela in 2020 totaled $758 million, rising from $241 million the previous fiscal. The main commodities exported by India to Venezuela are refined petroleum, packaged medicaments, blood, antisera, vaccines, toxins and cultures, Heavy Mixed Woven Cotton, machinery such as Electric Generating sets and Engine parts and Pesticides.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrocarbons">Hydrocarbons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hydrocarbons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Nicolas_Maduro,_ONGC_Executive_Director_Narendra_Kumar_Verma_and_PDVSA_President_Eulogio_Del_Pino.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/President_Nicolas_Maduro%2C_ONGC_Executive_Director_Narendra_Kumar_Verma_and_PDVSA_President_Eulogio_Del_Pino.jpg/220px-President_Nicolas_Maduro%2C_ONGC_Executive_Director_Narendra_Kumar_Verma_and_PDVSA_President_Eulogio_Del_Pino.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/President_Nicolas_Maduro%2C_ONGC_Executive_Director_Narendra_Kumar_Verma_and_PDVSA_President_Eulogio_Del_Pino.jpg/330px-President_Nicolas_Maduro%2C_ONGC_Executive_Director_Narendra_Kumar_Verma_and_PDVSA_President_Eulogio_Del_Pino.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/President_Nicolas_Maduro%2C_ONGC_Executive_Director_Narendra_Kumar_Verma_and_PDVSA_President_Eulogio_Del_Pino.jpg/440px-President_Nicolas_Maduro%2C_ONGC_Executive_Director_Narendra_Kumar_Verma_and_PDVSA_President_Eulogio_Del_Pino.jpg 2x" data-file-width="987" data-file-height="555" /></a><figcaption>Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, ONGC Executive Director Narendra Kumar Verma, and PDVSA President Eulogio Del Pino in Caracas; November 2016.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Rejaul_Karim_Laskar" title="Rejaul Karim Laskar">Rejaul Karim Laskar</a>, a scholar of India'a foreign policy, the most important aspect of India–Venezuela relations relates to hydrocarbons.<sup id="cite_ref-India-Venezuela_ties_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-India-Venezuela_ties-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Venezuela has world's largest reserve of crude oil, while India is world's third largest importer of crude oil.<sup id="cite_ref-India-Venezuela_ties_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-India-Venezuela_ties-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During President Chávez's visit to India in March 2005, the two countries signed a bilateral agreement on co-operation in the hydrocarbon sector and an MoU granting <a href="/wiki/Oil_and_Natural_Gas_Corporation" title="Oil and Natural Gas Corporation">ONGC Videsh Ltd</a> (OVL) rights for oil and gas exploration in Venezuela. OVL subsequently opened an office in Venezuela. In April 2008, OVL and <a href="/wiki/PDVSA" title="PDVSA">PDVSA</a> established a joint venture called Petrolera IndoVenezolana SA for exploration and production oil in the <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal,_T%C3%A1chira" title="San Cristóbal, Táchira">San Cristóbal</a> field. OVL has a 40% stake in the company and the remaining 60% is held by PDVSA.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> OVL helped certify heavy oil reserves in the Orinoco river belt in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-The_World_Reporter_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_World_Reporter-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TheHindu1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheHindu1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2010, an international consortium including Indian state-owned oil companies won a global bid to claim 40% stake worth $1.05 billion in the <a href="/wiki/Carabobo-1_oil_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Carabobo-1 oil field">Carabobo-1 oil field</a>, giving India the capability to produce 400,000 barrels of crude oil per day.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three Indian firms - OVL, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Oil_Corporation" title="Indian Oil Corporation">Indian Oil Corporation</a> (IOC), <a href="/wiki/Oil_India_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil India Ltd">Oil India Ltd</a> (OIL) - are part of the consortium, along with <a href="/wiki/Repsol" title="Repsol">Repsol</a> of Spain and <a href="/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas">Petronas</a> of Malaysia. The three Indian firms own a combined 18% stake in the Carinobo oil field.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>India is among the few countries with the capability to refine Venezuelan crude oil. Venezuelan crude oil requires special processing because of its inferior quality compared to Middle Eastern crude oil as the former is heavier and contains more <a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">sulfur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_World_Reporter_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_World_Reporter-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TheHindu1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheHindu1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Reliance_Industries_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Reliance Industries Limited">Reliance Industries Limited</a> (RIL) secured a 15-year crude supply contract with PDVSA to import 400,000 barrels of oil per day,<sup id="cite_ref-The_Wire_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Wire-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for processing at its twin refineries at <a href="/wiki/Jamnagar" title="Jamnagar">Jamnagar</a>, Gujarat.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Essar" class="mw-redirect" title="Essar">Essar</a> is another major importer of oil from Venezuela.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>India and Venezuela signed an agreement to double production at the San Cristóbal oil field in November 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmaceuticals">Pharmaceuticals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pharmaceuticals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several Indian pharmaceutical firms such as <a href="/wiki/Sun_Pharma" title="Sun Pharma">Sun Pharma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dr_Reddy%27s_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr Reddy's Laboratories">Dr Reddy's Laboratories</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenmark_Pharmaceuticals" title="Glenmark Pharmaceuticals">Glenmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claris" title="Claris">Claris</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cipla" title="Cipla">Cipla</a> operate in Venezuela.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cipla has 120 medications approved to market in Venezuela as of 2013, and made nearly $15 million in revenue in the year 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-The_World_Reporter_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_World_Reporter-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Half of all HIV patients in Venezuela used at least one Cipla drug in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-TheHindu1_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheHindu1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Indian pharmaceutical firms have been able to take advantage of the severe shortage of basic medicines in Venezuela, which the Venezuelan Pharmaceutical Federation estimated to be around 70%.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indian firms exported $140 million worth of medicines to Venezuela in 2014–15. The Venezuelan market is so important to Indian firms that domestic politics can affect their <a href="/wiki/Share_prices" class="mw-redirect" title="Share prices">share prices</a>. For instance, shares of Glenmark and Dr Reddy's fell by 5% and 2% respectively following the <a href="/wiki/2015_Venezuelan_parliamentary_election" title="2015 Venezuelan parliamentary election">2015 general elections</a> and the expectation of <a href="/wiki/Currency_devaluation" class="mw-redirect" title="Currency devaluation">currency devaluation</a> in Venezuela. Due to <a href="/wiki/Currency_controls" class="mw-redirect" title="Currency controls">currency controls</a> placed on the economy by the <a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan government">Venezuelan government</a>, Indian firms have been unable to <a href="/wiki/Repatriate" class="mw-redirect" title="Repatriate">repatriate</a> revenue from their Venezuelan subsidiaries since 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Wire_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Wire-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Business_Today_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Business_Today-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-businesseconomics_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businesseconomics-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dr Reddy's Laboratories had to <a href="/wiki/Write-off" title="Write-off">write-off</a> $64.7 million in the fourth quarter of FY16 due to currency restrictions placed by the Venezuelan government, and the company was only permitted to repatriate $4 million in that quarter.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_relations">Cultural relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cultural relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="National Assembly of Venezuela">National Assembly of Venezuela</a> passed a unanimous resolution in honour of <a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a> following his death.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indian_Embassy_in_Venezuela">Indian Embassy in Venezuela</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Indian Embassy in Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>India has an Embassy located in <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. </p><p>• India appointed Shri P.K. Ashok Babu as an Ambassador to Venezuela in July 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ashok has previously represented India as a <a href="/wiki/Consul_(representative)" title="Consul (representative)">Consul General</a> in the Consulate General of India, Cape Town, South Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Venezuelan_Embassy_in_India">Venezuelan Embassy in India</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Venezuelan Embassy in India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Venezuela has an Embassy located in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. </p><p>• Venezuelan Ambassador to India is Mrs Capaya Rodriguez Gonzalez.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indians_in_Venezuela">Indians in Venezuela</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Indians in Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Venezuela" title="Indians in Venezuela">Indians in Venezuela</a></div> <p>As of July 2016, there are about 50 Indian families living Venezuela, of which about 35 reside in Caracas. The Indian Association of Venezuela, which was dormant since 1997, and revived in 2003, organises celebrations for Indian festivals such as <a href="/wiki/Deepavali" class="mw-redirect" title="Deepavali">Deepavali</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a> for members of the Indian community as well as Venezuelans.<sup id="cite_ref-MEA2016_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the Indian community are businessmen, employees of oil companies, and professionals.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_India,_Caracas" class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy of India, Caracas">Embassy of India, Caracas</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Embassy_of_Venezuela-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Embassy_of_Venezuela_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Embassy_of_Venezuela_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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title="Angola–India relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Benin–India relations">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Botswana–India relations">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Burkina Faso–India relations">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Burundi–India relations">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Cameroon–India relations">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Central African Republic–India relations">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Chad–India relations">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Comoros–India relations">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93India_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of the Congo–India relations">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo–India relations">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Djibouti–India relations">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Egypt–India relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Eritrea–India relations">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Eswatini–India relations">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Ethiopia–India relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–India relations">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Gabon–India relations">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93India_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia–India relations">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Ghana–India relations">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Guinea–India relations">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Guinea-Bissau–India relations">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Ivory_Coast_relations" title="India–Ivory Coast relations">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="India–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Lesotho_relations" title="India–Lesotho relations">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Liberia_relations" title="India–Liberia relations">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Libya_relations" title="India–Libya relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Madagascar_relations" title="India–Madagascar relations">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Malawi_relations" title="India–Malawi relations">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Mali_relations" title="India–Mali relations">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Mauritania_relations" title="India–Mauritania relations">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Mauritius_relations" title="India–Mauritius relations">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="India–Morocco relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Mozambique_relations" title="India–Mozambique relations">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Namibia_relations" title="India–Namibia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Niger_relations" title="India–Niger relations">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Nigeria_relations" title="India–Nigeria relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Rwanda_relations" title="India–Rwanda relations">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_relations" title="India–São Tomé and Príncipe relations">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Senegal_relations" title="India–Senegal relations">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Seychelles_relations" title="India–Seychelles relations">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Sierra_Leone_relations" title="India–Sierra Leone relations">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="India–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="India–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93South_Sudan_relations" title="India–South Sudan relations">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="India–Sudan relations">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Tanzania_relations" title="India–Tanzania relations">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Togo_relations" title="India–Togo relations">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="India–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Uganda_relations" title="India–Uganda relations">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Zambia_relations" title="India–Zambia relations">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="India–Zimbabwe relations">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Antigua and Barbuda–India relations">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Argentina–India relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahamas%E2%80%93India_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas–India relations">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Barbados–India relations">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Belize–India relations">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bolivia–India relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Brazil–India relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Canada–India relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Cayman Islands–India relations">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Chile–India relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Colombia–India relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Costa Rica–India relations">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Cuba–India relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Dominica–India relations">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Dominican Republic–India relations">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Ecuador–India relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador%E2%80%93India_relations" title="El Salvador–India relations">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Grenada–India relations">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Guatemala–India relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Guyana–India relations">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Haiti–India relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduras%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Honduras–India relations">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Jamaica_relations" title="India–Jamaica relations">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="India–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Nicaragua_relations" title="India–Nicaragua relations">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Panama_relations" title="India–Panama relations">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Paraguay_relations" title="India–Paraguay relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="India–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis_relations" title="India–Saint Kitts and Nevis relations">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Saint_Lucia_relations" title="India–Saint Lucia relations">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines_relations" title="India–Saint Vincent and the Grenadines relations">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Suriname_relations" title="India–Suriname relations">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Trinidad_and_Tobago_relations" title="India–Trinidad and Tobago relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="India–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="India–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Afghanistan–India relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Armenia–India relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Azerbaijan–India relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bahrain–India relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bangladesh–India relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bhutan–India relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Brunei–India relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Cambodia–India relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93India_relations" title="China–India relations">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Hong Kong–India relations">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Tibet_relations" title="India–Tibet relations">Tibet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93India_relations" title="East Timor–India relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Georgia–India relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Indonesia_relations" title="India–Indonesia relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="India–Iran relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Iraq_relations" title="India–Iraq relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="India–Israel relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="India–Japan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Jordan_relations" title="India–Jordan relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="India–Kazakhstan relations">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Kuwait_relations" title="India–Kuwait relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Kyrgyzstan_relations" title="India–Kyrgyzstan relations">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Laos_relations" title="India–Laos relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Lebanon_relations" title="India–Lebanon relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="India–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Maldives_relations" title="India–Maldives relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="India–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="India–Myanmar relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="India–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="India–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Oman_relations" title="India–Oman relations">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="India–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="India–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="India–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="India–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="India–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="India–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="India–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="India–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="India–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="India–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Tajikistan_relations" title="India–Tajikistan relations">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="India–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="India–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="India–Turkmenistan relations">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="India–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="India–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="India–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="India–Yemen relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Albania–India relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Austria–India relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Belarus–India relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Belgium–India relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bulgaria–India relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina–India relations">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Croatia–India relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Cyprus–India relations">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Czech Republic–India relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Denmark–India relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Estonia–India relations">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Finland–India relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93India_relations" title="France–India relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Georgia–India relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Germany–India relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Greece–India relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Hungary–India relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Holy See–India relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Iceland–India relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Ireland_relations" title="India–Ireland relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="India–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="India–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Latvia_relations" title="India–Latvia relations">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Liechtenstein_relations" title="India–Liechtenstein relations">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Lithuania_relations" title="India–Lithuania relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Luxembourg_relations" title="India–Luxembourg relations">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Malta_relations" title="India–Malta relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Moldova_relations" title="India–Moldova relations">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Monaco_relations" title="India–Monaco relations">Monaco</a></li> <li>Montenegro</li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="India–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93North_Macedonia_relations" title="India–North Macedonia relations">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Norway_relations" title="India–Norway relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="India–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="India–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Romania_relations" title="India–Romania relations">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="India–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="India–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Slovakia_relations" title="India–Slovakia relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Slovenia_relations" title="India–Slovenia relations">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="India–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="India–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="India–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="India–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="India–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Australia–India relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Fiji–India relations">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Kiribati_relations" title="India–Kiribati relations">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Marshall_Islands_relations" title="India–Marshall Islands relations">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Federated_States_of_Micronesia_relations" title="India–Federated States of Micronesia relations">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Nauru_relations" title="India–Nauru relations">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="India–New Zealand relations">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Cook Islands–India relations">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Niue_relations" title="India–Niue relations">Niue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Palau_relations" title="India–Palau relations">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Papua_New_Guinea_relations" title="India–Papua New Guinea relations">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Samoa_relations" title="India–Samoa relations">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Solomon_Islands_relations" title="India–Solomon Islands relations">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Tonga_relations" title="India–Tonga relations">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Tuvalu_relations" title="India–Tuvalu relations">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India-Pacific_Islands_Relations#Vanuatu" class="mw-redirect" title="India-Pacific Islands Relations">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="India–Soviet Union relations">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="India–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Multilateral relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2%2B2_Ministerial_Dialogue" title="2+2 Ministerial Dialogue">2+2 Ministerial Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_East_policy_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Look East policy (India)">ASEAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africa%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Africa–India relations">Africa</a> (<a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Africa_Forum_Summit" title="India–Africa Forum Summit">Summit</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BASIC_countries" title="BASIC countries">BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative_for_Multi-Sectoral_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation" title="Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation">BIMSTEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBIN" title="BBIN">BBIN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/4th_BRICS_summit" title="4th BRICS summit">4th</a>, <a href="/wiki/8th_BRICS_summit" title="8th BRICS summit">8th</a>, <a href="/wiki/13th_BRICS_summit" title="13th BRICS summit">13th summit</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connect_Central_Asia" title="Connect Central Asia">Central Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="India–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G4_nations" title="G4 nations">G4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_77" title="Group of 77">G77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I2U2_Group" title="I2U2 Group">I2U2 Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBSA_Dialogue_Forum" title="IBSA Dialogue Forum">IBSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Naval_Symposium" title="Indian Ocean Naval Symposium">Indian Ocean Naval Symposium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim_Association" title="Indian Ocean Rim Association">Indian Ocean Rim Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pacific_Islands_relations" title="India–Pacific Islands relations">India–Pacific Islands relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forum_for_India%E2%80%93Pacific_Islands_Cooperation" title="Forum for India–Pacific Islands Cooperation">Forum for India–Pacific Islands Cooperation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Latin_America_relations" title="India–Latin America relations">India–Latin America relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Solar_Alliance" title="International Solar Alliance">International Solar Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong%E2%80%93Ganga_Cooperation" title="Mekong–Ganga Cooperation">Mekong–Ganga Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="India and the Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/7th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="7th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">7th Summit</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrilateral_Security_Dialogue" title="Quadrilateral Security Dialogue">Quadrilateral Security Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_sanctions" title="India sanctions">Sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">SAARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_United_Nations" title="India and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Diplomacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indian_foreign_relations" title="History of Indian foreign relations">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Affairs_(India)" title="Ministry of External Affairs (India)">Ministry of External Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_External_Affairs_(India)" title="Minister of External Affairs (India)">Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary_(India)" title="Foreign Secretary (India)">Foreign Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li>Diplomatic missions <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_India" title="List of diplomatic missions of India">of India</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_India" title="List of diplomatic missions in India">in India</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Chennai" title="List of diplomatic missions in Chennai">in Chennai</a>)</li> <li>Ambassadors and High Commissioners <a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_and_high_commissioners_of_India" title="List of ambassadors and high commissioners of India">of India</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_and_high_commissioners_to_India" title="List of ambassadors and high commissioners to India">to India</a></li> <li>Foreign aid <a href="/wiki/Indian_foreign_aid" title="Indian foreign aid">by India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_India" title="Foreign aid to India">to India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_diaspora" title="Indian diaspora">Indian diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Citizenship_of_India" title="Overseas Citizenship of India">Overseas citizens</a></li> <li>Foreign policy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation_Programme" title="Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme">ITEC programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_East_policy_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Look East policy (India)">Look East policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-African_e-Network_project" title="Pan-African e-Network project">Pan-African e-Network project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Indira_Gandhi_government" title="Foreign policy of the Indira Gandhi government">Indira Gandhi government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Narendra_Modi_government" title="Foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government">Narendra Modi government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_foreign_policy_of_the_Narendra_Modi_government" title="Asian foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government">Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_foreign_policy_of_the_Narendra_Modi_government" title="Middle Eastern foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government">Middle Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_foreign_policy_of_the_Narendra_Modi_government" title="South Asian foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government">South Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_East_policy_(India)#Act_East_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Look East policy (India)">Act East</a>)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siachen_conflict" title="Siachen conflict">Siachen conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">Conflicts with Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Indian_border_dispute" title="Sino-Indian border dispute">Disputes with China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_of_India_and_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial disputes of India and Nepal">Disputes with Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_visits_to_India" title="List of diplomatic visits to India">State visits to India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_prime_ministers_of_India" title="List of international trips made by prime ministers of India">State visits by prime ministers of India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Indira_Gandhi" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Atal_Bihari_Vajpayee" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Atal Bihari Vajpayee">Atal Bihari Vajpayee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Manmohan_Singh" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Narendra_Modi" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Venezuela&#124;link=Venezuela_Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Template:Foreign relations of Venezuela"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Venezuela"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Venezuela"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Venezuela&#124;link=Venezuela_Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela"><img alt="Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Foreign relations of Venezuela">Foreign relations of Venezuela</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–Venezuela relations">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Kenya–Venezuela relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic–Venezuela relations">Sahrawi Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Venezuela"><img alt="Coat of arms of Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="558" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Antigua and Barbuda–Venezuela relations">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Argentina–Venezuela relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Belize–Venezuela relations">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Bolivia–Venezuela relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Brazil–Venezuela relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Canada–Venezuela relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Chile–Venezuela relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Colombia–Venezuela relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Cuba–Venezuela relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Ecuador–Venezuela relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="El Salvador–Venezuela relations">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Guatemala–Venezuela relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Guyana–Venezuela relations">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Haiti–Venezuela relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Jamaica–Venezuela relations">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Mexico–Venezuela relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Panama–Venezuela relations">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Paraguay–Venezuela relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Peru–Venezuela relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Suriname–Venezuela relations">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Trinidad and Tobago–Venezuela relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="United States–Venezuela relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Uruguay–Venezuela relations">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Abkhazia–Venezuela relations">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Venezuela relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Bangladesh–Venezuela relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="China–Venezuela relations">China</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Indonesia–Venezuela relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Iran–Venezuela relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Israel–Venezuela relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Japan–Venezuela relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Malaysia–Venezuela relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Myanmar–Venezuela relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="North Korea–Venezuela relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Palestine–Venezuela relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Philippines–Venezuela relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="South Ossetia–Venezuela relations">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="South Korea–Venezuela relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Syria–Venezuela relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Taiwan–Venezuela relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Turkey–Venezuela relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Venezuela–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Belarus–Venezuela relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Denmark–Venezuela relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="France–Venezuela relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Germany–Venezuela relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Greece–Venezuela relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Holy See–Venezuela relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Italy–Venezuela relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Kosovo–Venezuela relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Netherlands–Venezuela relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Poland–Venezuela relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Portugal–Venezuela relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Russia–Venezuela relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Serbia–Venezuela relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Spain–Venezuela relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Sweden–Venezuela relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Ukraine–Venezuela relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="United Kingdom–Venezuela relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Venezuela–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas">Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocaribe" title="Petrocaribe">Petrocaribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Venezuela" title="List of diplomatic missions of Venezuela">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Venezuela" title="List of diplomatic missions in Venezuela">in Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93Venezuela_territorial_dispute" title="Guyana–Venezuela territorial dispute">Guayana Esequiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Venezuela" title="Gulf of Venezuela">Gulf of Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Hugo Chávez administration">Foreign policy of the Hugo Chávez administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betancourt_Doctrine" title="Betancourt Doctrine">Betancourt Doctrine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ministers_of_foreign_affairs_of_Venezuela" title="List of ministers of foreign affairs of Venezuela">List of ministers of foreign affairs of Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=India–Venezuela_relations&oldid=1258738082">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=India–Venezuela_relations&oldid=1258738082</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Category:India–Venezuela relations">India–Venezuela 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