CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Killing of Samuel DuBose - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"f9e12079-4d11-4b56-a3a4-57b879d719e6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose","wgTitle":"Killing of Samuel DuBose","wgCurRevisionId":1258411864,"wgRevisionId":1258411864,"wgArticleId":47377684,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from January 2016","Coordinates on Wikidata","2015 in Ohio","2015 controversies in the United States","2010s in Cincinnati","African-American history in Cincinnati","African-American-related controversies","Deaths by firearm in Ohio","Law enforcement in Ohio","Law enforcement controversies in the United States", "African Americans shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States","Protests in the United States","Race and crime in the United States","University and college police forces of the United States","University of Cincinnati","Crimes in Cincinnati","Black Lives Matter","Filmed killings by law enforcement","July 2015 crimes in the United States","July 2015 events in the United States"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose","wgRelevantArticleId":47377684,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"}, "wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":39.12322,"lon":-84.51319},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q21016180","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022", "ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Killing of Samuel DuBose - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose rootpage-Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Killing+of+Samuel+DuBose" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Killing+of+Samuel+DuBose" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Killing+of+Samuel+DuBose" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Killing+of+Samuel+DuBose" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Backgrounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Backgrounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Backgrounds</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Backgrounds-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Backgrounds subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Backgrounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Samuel_DuBose" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samuel_DuBose"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Samuel DuBose</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Samuel_DuBose-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Raymond_Tensing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Raymond_Tensing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Raymond Tensing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Raymond_Tensing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_of_Cincinnati_Police_Department" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_of_Cincinnati_Police_Department"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>University of Cincinnati Police Department</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_of_Cincinnati_Police_Department-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shooting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shooting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Shooting</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Shooting-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Shooting subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Shooting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Investigation_and_police_reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Investigation_and_police_reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Investigation and police reports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Investigation_and_police_reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aftermath subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Official_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Official reactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Public reactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kroll_Report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kroll_Report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Kroll Report</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kroll_Report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>University reactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_proceedings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_proceedings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legal proceedings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_proceedings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Killing of Samuel DuBose</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">1 language</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uuaji_wa_Samuel_DuBose" title="Uuaji wa Samuel DuBose – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uuaji wa Samuel DuBose" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21016180#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&oldid=1258411864" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&id=1258411864&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKilling_of_Samuel_DuBose"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKilling_of_Samuel_DuBose"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21016180" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&params=39.12322_N_84.51319_W_region:US-OH_type:event"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°07′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">84°30′47″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.12322°N 84.51319°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.12322; -84.51319</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Shooting of unarmed man by Cincinnati police</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Killing of Samuel DuBose</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">July 19, 2015<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2015-07-19</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">6:30 p.m. <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EDT</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati, Ohio">Cincinnati, Ohio</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&params=39.12322_N_84.51319_W_region:US-OH_type:event"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°07′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">84°30′47″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.12322°N 84.51319°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.12322; -84.51319</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Homicide" title="Homicide">Homicide</a> by <a href="/wiki/Gun_violence_in_the_United_States" title="Gun violence in the United States">shooting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_killing" class="mw-redirect" title="Police killing">police killing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Filmed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">Tensing's <a href="/wiki/Bodycam" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodycam">bodycam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">Samuel DuBose</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Accused</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">Raymond Tensing</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Charges</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murder_(United_States_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Murder (United States law)">Murder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_manslaughter" title="Voluntary manslaughter">Voluntary manslaughter</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Verdict</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li>2016 trial: <a href="/wiki/Hung_jury" title="Hung jury">Hung jury</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/wiki/Retrial" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrial">retrial</a>: Hung jury</li> <li>Charges <a href="/wiki/Dismissed_with_prejudice" class="mw-redirect" title="Dismissed with prejudice">dismissed with prejudice</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>On July 19, 2015, in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati, Ohio">Cincinnati, Ohio</a>, <b>Samuel DuBose</b>, an unarmed man, was fatally shot by Ray Tensing, a <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a> police officer, during an off-campus <a href="/wiki/Traffic_stop" title="Traffic stop">traffic stop</a> for not having the front license plate on the vehicle. </p><p>After asking DuBose to get out of the vehicle, Tensing pulled his gun and shot Sam DuBose in the head. Sam was unarmed and sitting in his car with his seat belt on at the time of the killing. Ray Tensing shot Sam DuBose in the head moments after DuBose turned the key in the car ignition. Tensing told police he had to shoot DuBose in the head because DuBose was dragging him down the street. Prosecutors investigated and found that video footage from Tensing's <a href="/wiki/Bodycam" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodycam">bodycam</a> showed that he was indeed not dragged or caught in the vehicle at any time. Prosecutor Deters and a <a href="/wiki/Grand_jury" title="Grand jury">grand jury</a> <a href="/wiki/Indicted" class="mw-redirect" title="Indicted">indicted</a> Ray Tensing on charges of murder and voluntary manslaughter. Tensing was then fired from the police department. A judge put Tensing on a $1 million bond, and Tensing was released on bail shortly after being arrested. </p><p>A November 2016 trial ended in <a href="/wiki/Mistrial_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistrial (law)">mistrial</a> after the jury became <a href="/wiki/Hung_jury" title="Hung jury">deadlocked</a>. A <a href="/wiki/New_trial" title="New trial">retrial</a> begun in May 2017 also ended in a hung jury. The charges against Tensing were later <a href="/wiki/Dismissed_with_prejudice" class="mw-redirect" title="Dismissed with prejudice">dismissed with prejudice</a> though Prosecutor Deters continued to assert that Tensing should have been convicted for shooting Sam DuBose in the head without provocation. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Backgrounds">Backgrounds</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Backgrounds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Samuel_DuBose">Samuel DuBose</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Samuel DuBose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samuel Vincent DuBose (March 12, 1972 – July 19, 2015), a black 43-year-old man, was a <a href="/wiki/Rapper" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapper">rapper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music_producer" class="mw-redirect" title="Music producer">music producer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entrepreneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Entrepreneur">entrepreneur</a>, and motorcycle enthusiast. He was the founder of a motorcycle club, Ruthless Riders. He attended high school in Cincinnati and was the father of 13 children. He was deeply loved by his family, friends and many in the community. <sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Raymond_Tensing">Raymond Tensing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Raymond Tensing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Raymond Tensing (born November 13, 1989),<sup id="cite_ref-Richinick_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richinick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a white police officer who was 25 years old at the time of the shooting, had four years of law enforcement experience. He joined the University of Cincinnati Police Department (UCPD) in April 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-AP.Details_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP.Details-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> having previously been a well-regarded officer with the department of <a href="/wiki/Greenhills,_Ohio" title="Greenhills, Ohio">Greenhills, Ohio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had left the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_Highway_Patrol" title="Ohio State Highway Patrol">Ohio State Highway Patrol</a>'s training academy after attending for just one day. According to a highway patrol spokesman, he was unable to adapt to the physical and mental requirements.<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the criminal investigation and trial, it was learned that Tensing led his police department in arrests and citations and had the largest racial disparity of any other police officer. Blacks accounted for 82.5% of Tensing's arrests, according to a report cited by the prosecutor. </p><p>In 2015, a YouTube video was uploaded by WCPO 9 News Cincinnati where Tensing is seen unlawfully questioning a passenger of a vehicle that had been stopped due to a dragging bumper. Tensing initially refused to call a supervisor and refused to identify himself or badge number. A supervisor was eventually called to the scene and confirmed that the passenger was within his rights to not identify and that the officer should only have been talking to the driver. Tensing detained the two black men for close to 20 minutes, refusing to write the routine citation and let them go.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_of_Cincinnati_Police_Department">University of Cincinnati Police Department</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: University of Cincinnati Police Department"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The University of Cincinnati Police Department is certified by the state of Ohio and has full police authority throughout the state. They focus their patrols areas on three campuses and the areas around them.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UCPD officers receive 616 hours of training at the police academy, plus 80 of rookie training, while city police officers spend 1,040 hours in training.<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the UCPD's patrol area was expanded to include neighboring areas in 2009, the number of reported crimes in those areas was cut in half by 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Officers increased their traffic stops on- and off-campus, tripling the number from 2012 to 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-cincinnati.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cincinnati.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of its 72 officers, 4 are African American and 1 is Asian American.<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Police_Department" title="Cincinnati Police Department">Cincinnati Police Department</a> (CPD), the UCPD was not included in federally mandated reforms following the nearby <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_2001" title="Cincinnati riots of 2001">riots of 2001</a> that had been in reaction to a shooting of a young black man by city police.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One UCPD chief resigned in 2013 amid reported low morale, and he was not replaced immediately.<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two other black men had been killed by UCPD officers, both with <a href="/wiki/Taser" title="Taser">Tasers</a>: a mental patient in 2010 and a student in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shooting">Shooting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Shooting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At <span class="nowrap">6:30 p.m.</span>, on Rice Street near Thill Street in the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Auburn_Historic_District" title="Mount Auburn Historic District">Mount Auburn</a> district,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tensing was patrolling off-campus when he stopped DuBose for failure to display a front <a href="/wiki/License_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="License plate">license plate</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Coolidge_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coolidge-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was a <a href="/wiki/Primary_enforcement" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary enforcement">primary offense</a> for <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Ohio" title="Vehicle registration plates of Ohio">vehicles with Ohio license plates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The incident was recorded on Tensing's <a href="/wiki/Bodycam" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodycam">bodycam</a>, which he activated before the traffic stop.<sup id="cite_ref-Coolidge_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coolidge-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 25em; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYINt6uNjA0"><span class="plainlinks">Tensing's bodycam</span></a> on YouTube (26:26)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxXiniMalGA"><span class="plainlinks">Kidd's bodycam</span></a> on YouTube (27:27)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CcYx2ML8DRg"><span class="plainlinks">Lindenschmidt's bodycam</span></a> on YouTube (8:58)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Seen in the bodycam video, Tensing repeatedly requests a driver's license and DuBose replies that he has a driver's license, then stating that he does not have it with him. Tensing asks, "Are you suspended?" Tensing starts to open the driver's door and orders DuBose to remove his seat belt. DuBose pulls the door closed, starts the engine, and puts the car in drive.<sup id="cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UC.Kroll-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within seconds, Tensing reaches into the car with his left hand, yells "Stop! Stop!", draws his gun and shoots Sam DuBose directly in the head, killing him instantly. Sources differed as to whether the car was moving before the shot was fired. According to the <a href="#Kroll_Report">Kroll Report</a>, "it is difficult to determine with precision how much, if at all, the car moved [prior to the gunshot], but whatever movement may have occurred appears to have been minimal" and doesn't serve as justification for Tensing shooting DuBose. The Kroll reported calls the entire shooting unjustified in a detailed report. <sup id="cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UC.Kroll-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After shooting DuBose in the head, Tensing falls away from the vehicle. The vehicle accelerates down the road when DuBose's dead body weight presses against the accelerator. After travelling about 400 feet (120 m), the vehicle collided into a telephone pole and came to a stop.<sup id="cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UC.Kroll-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the officers reach the car, the video shows DuBose inside with a gunshot wound to his head.<sup id="cite_ref-Perez-Pena_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perez-Pena-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Richinick_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richinick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The county <a href="/wiki/Coroner" title="Coroner">coroner</a>'s preliminary autopsy results, released on <span class="nowrap">July 31</span>, confirmed that as the <a href="/wiki/Cause_of_death" title="Cause of death">cause of death</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In bodycam footage, Tensing repeatedly tells other officers that he was dragged when his arm became caught in the car, possibly in the steering wheel.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Perez-Pena_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perez-Pena-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the police report that he filed after the incident, he stated that he was dragged, forcing him to fire his weapon. Through lawyers, he released a public statement that he was afraid that he would be run over.<sup id="cite_ref-Coolidge_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coolidge-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On <span class="nowrap">July 29</span>, authorities released Tensing's bodycam video, which, according to prosecutors, shows that Tensing was not dragged.<sup id="cite_ref-Perez-Pena_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perez-Pena-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Carrero-2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carrero-2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A day after the killing, it was reported that DuBose was driving on an indefinitely suspended driver's license, and had four bags and a jar of marijuana and about $2,600 cash in the car.<sup id="cite_ref-Coolidge_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coolidge-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Investigation_and_police_reports">Investigation and police reports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Investigation and police reports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>UCPD officers Phillip Kidd and David Lindenschmidt arrived at the scene just after the gunshot. In his bodycam video, Kidd is heard supporting Tensing's statement that he was dragged by the car. According to County Prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Joe_Deters" title="Joe Deters">Joe Deters</a>, neither officer stated in his official statement to Cincinnati police that he saw Tensing being dragged.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo.NoCharges_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo.NoCharges-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Officer-in-Training Lindenschmidt, who had started working in the field only that month, made what have been called "rookie mistakes" in picking up Tensing's fallen flashlight and moving Tensing's vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UC.Kroll-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eric Weibel, a UCPD officer who did not witness the shooting, stated in a report that Tensing's uniform looked like he had been dragged. It was later determined that the dirt on Tensing's uniform got there after Tensing shot DuBose in the head and fell to the ground. <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The CPD took over the investigation soon after they were called to the scene. During the CPD investigation, Tensing did not have any officer corroborate his account of being dragged. During the trial, the officers on the scene testified that they never saw Ray Tensing being dragged at all. Officers admitted to originally taking Tensing's word for this account, but they each acknowledged that they never witnessed DuBose drag or assault Tensing. <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official_reactions">Official reactions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Official reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On <span class="nowrap">July 29</span>, Hamilton County Prosecuting Attorney Joe Deters stated in a press conference that the shooting was "asinine" and "senseless". He said that DuBose was not acting violently or aggressively.<sup id="cite_ref-Ford_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ford-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With "an abundance of caution in anticipation" of Deters' announcement, the University of Cincinnati closed its Uptown and Medical campuses at <span class="nowrap">11:00 a.m.</span> The campuses resumed normal operations the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On <span class="nowrap">July 31</span>, the <a href="/wiki/Fraternal_Order_of_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraternal Order of Police">Fraternal Order of Police</a>–Ohio Labor Council, a union that represents UCPD employees, filed a grievance asking that Tensing be reinstated to his position on the police force, asserting that he was terminated "without just cause".<sup id="cite_ref-Saker_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saker-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McCormack_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCormack-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Resolution of the grievance is postponed pending the outcome of the criminal case.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the wake of the shooting, Deters called for the disbandment of the UCPD force and its replacement with city police officers. The incident also drew attention to the presence of armed law enforcement on college campuses.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was some public and academic criticism of Deters' comments, on the basis that his rhetoric would jeopardize Tensing's right to a fair trial and that they were anti-police.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Chief of the CPD said that the memorandum of understanding, signed in 2009 by his predecessor, which allowed UCPD to patrol areas neighboring the university, should be revoked.<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said, "I don't believe their officers have the skill set to police Cincinnati with the same philosophy of fairness and cultural competency that my officers display."<sup id="cite_ref-Mura_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_reactions">Public reactions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Public reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Justice_for_Sam_DuBose_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Justice_for_Sam_DuBose_sign.jpg/220px-Justice_for_Sam_DuBose_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Justice_for_Sam_DuBose_sign.jpg/330px-Justice_for_Sam_DuBose_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Justice_for_Sam_DuBose_sign.jpg/440px-Justice_for_Sam_DuBose_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Protesters holding a sign in honor of DuBose</figcaption></figure> <p>The body camera recording of Tensing shooting DuBose has garnered considerable attention. The footage has been compared to a <a href="/wiki/First-person_shooter" title="First-person shooter">first-person-shooter</a> video game<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and described as so "disturbing" that Cincinnati police prepared for large protests and riots before the footage's release.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of <span class="nowrap">July 30</span>, at least four demonstrations have been held around the country in response to DuBose's death.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> vigil and rally in support of DuBose was held in Cincinnati on <span class="nowrap">July 31</span>, the third such event since the shooting. The victim's mother said, "As long as we stand up for the righteous, we going to be OK. I would come out here every night, I will go city to city because now I'm involved, my child was involved." Participants chanted "I am Sam DuBose."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 300 participants subsequently walked through <a href="/wiki/Over-the-Rhine" title="Over-the-Rhine">Over-the-Rhine</a> to <a href="/wiki/Fountain_Square,_Cincinnati" title="Fountain Square, Cincinnati">Fountain Square</a>. Six people were arrested on charges of disorderly conduct and resisting arrest during the march.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One hundred protesters joined a "United March for Justice" on <span class="nowrap">September 19</span>, linking DuBose's killing with the deaths of <a href="/wiki/Tamir_Rice" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamir Rice">Tamir Rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_John_Crawford_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of John Crawford III">John Crawford</a>, and Samantha Ramsey.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kroll_Report">Kroll Report</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Kroll Report"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A report, commonly called the "Kroll Report", released in September 2015 by <a href="/wiki/Kroll_Inc." title="Kroll Inc.">Kroll Inc.</a>, a risk consulting firm hired by the university, said that Tensing's bodycam video showed that he was not dragged. It also said that the car had not moved, or had barely moved, before the gunshot was fired. The Kroll report concluded that Ray Tensing was never dragged, that Ray Tensing violated several police protocols and that he unnecessarily escalated the situation. The report indicated that Sam DuBose did not follow the officer's orders. Tensing's attorney said, "I don't agree with their analysis or their conclusions."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The report's recommendations include reviewing the scope of the UCPD's jurisdiction, improving relevant training and policies, clarifying reporting requirements following officer-involved shootings, providing cultural diversity training, and assessing the diversity of officers within the UCPD.<sup id="cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UC.Kroll-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_reactions">University reactions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: University reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the shooting the UCPD stopped making off-campus traffic stops.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On <span class="nowrap">October 16</span>, a student group, named "Irate 8" for the eight percent of black students at University of Cincinnati campuses, presented a list of demands to the university president. The list includes taking officers Kidd and Lindenschmidt off patrol, conducting full background checks of police and other university employees, and mandating racial sensitivity training for all staff and students. President <a href="/wiki/Santa_J._Ono" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa J. Ono">Santa J. Ono</a> agreed to meet with them and discuss their demands.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_proceedings">Legal proceedings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legal proceedings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has related news: <div><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Ohio_judge_declares_mistrial_for_officer_who_shot_Samuel_DuBose" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Ohio judge declares mistrial for officer who shot Samuel DuBose"> Ohio judge declares mistrial for officer who shot Samuel DuBose</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <p>Kidd and Lindenschmidt were not indicted by the grand jury. After the officers corrected their initial statements, Prosecutor Deters said, "These officers have been truthful and honest about what happened and no charges are warranted.". Kidd and Lindenschmidt were placed on administrative leave during a university investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo.NoCharges_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo.NoCharges-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Carrero-3_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carrero-3-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ten days after killing Sam DuBose with gunshot to the head, Ray Tensing was indicted on charges of murder and voluntary manslaughter on <span class="nowrap">July 29</span>, 2015. The murder charge carries a penalty of life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for 15 years.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the indictment, he was fired from the UCPD. At his <span class="nowrap">July 30</span> <a href="/wiki/Arraignment" title="Arraignment">arraignment</a>, he pleaded not guilty to the charges, and he was released on $1 million bond later that day.<sup id="cite_ref-Carrero_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carrero-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Richinick_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richinick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A trial began on <span class="nowrap">October 31</span>, 2016;<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on <span class="nowrap">November 12</span>, the judge declared a <a href="/wiki/Mistrial_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistrial (law)">mistrial</a> after the jury became <a href="/wiki/Hung_jury" title="Hung jury">deadlocked</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten days later the prosecution announced that they intended to retry Tensing, requesting a <a href="/wiki/Change_of_venue" title="Change of venue">change of venue</a> due to the amount of publicity surrounding the case in the Cincinnati area.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A judge denied the change of venue, while extending a <a href="/wiki/Gag_order" title="Gag order">gag order</a> in the case. A <a href="/wiki/New_trial" title="New trial">retrial</a> was slated to begin on May 25, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The presiding judge ruled that prosecutors could not present the T-shirt Tensing was wearing at the time of the shooting to the jury. The shirt depicted a <a href="/wiki/Modern_display_of_the_Confederate_battle_flag" title="Modern display of the Confederate battle flag">Confederate battle flag</a>, and the judge agreed with Tensing's defense that allowing the shirt as evidence would be prejudicial.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 23, 2017, the second trial also ended in mistrial due to a deadlocked jury.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 18, 2017, Deters said he was dropping the case against Tensing, as two previous juries could not reach a unanimous agreement on murder and voluntary manslaughter charges.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stew Mathews, Tensing's attorney, said that Tensing was being dragged by the car, and that the officer fired in self-defense while fearing for his life. Mathews said that video from Lindenschmidt's bodycam helped substantiate that claim.<sup id="cite_ref-Congedo_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Congedo-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, video forensics expert and FBI instructor Grant Fredericks disagreed with these claims—testifying the video showed Tensing had never been dragged, and in fact pulled and aimed his gun at Dubose's head before the vehicle moved. Fredericks further testified he believed the vehicle's later acceleration occurred <i>after</i> the shooting, as a result of a "post-mortem reflex."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2016, following two days of <a href="/wiki/Mediation" title="Mediation">mediation</a> with civil rights attorney <a href="/wiki/Al_Gerhardstein" title="Al Gerhardstein">Al Gerhardstein</a>, the University of Cincinnati agreed to pay $4.85 million to the DuBose family. In addition to financial compensation, the <a href="/wiki/Settlement_(litigation)" title="Settlement (litigation)">settlement</a> included free <a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">undergraduate education</a> for DuBose's children, the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Memorial" title="Memorial">memorial</a> in his name, an apology from the school's president, and engagement by the family in police reform at the university.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also protected all potential defendants from any future <a href="/wiki/Civil_litigation" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil litigation">civil litigation</a> in DuBose's death.<sup id="cite_ref-Cin.Settlement_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cin.Settlement-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 23, 2018, the University of Cincinnati settled a grievance that the Ohio police union filed on behalf of Ray Tensing. The settlement provided Tensing with $250,000 plus costs/fees. This caused further outrage in the community.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unarmed_African_Americans_killed_by_law_enforcement_officers_in_the_United_States" title="List of unarmed African Americans killed by law enforcement officers in the United States">List of unarmed African Americans killed by law enforcement officers in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_killings_by_law_enforcement_officers_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of killings by law enforcement officers in the United States">List of killings by law enforcement officers in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/21/us/cincinnati-police-shooting/">"Investigation finished in Cincinnati police shooting"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. July 29, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Investigation+finished+in+Cincinnati+police+shooting&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2015%2F07%2F21%2Fus%2Fcincinnati-police-shooting%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150722075207/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2015/07/22/cincinnati-prosecutor-probing-shooting-motorist-by-university-police-officer/">"Cincinnati Prosecutor Probing Shooting of Motorist by University Police Officer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fox_News_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox News Channel">Fox News Channel</a>. July 22, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foxnews.com/us/2015/07/22/cincinnati-prosecutor-probing-shooting-motorist-by-university-police-officer/">the original</a> on July 22, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+Prosecutor+Probing+Shooting+of+Motorist+by+University+Police+Officer&rft.date=2015-07-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fus%2F2015%2F07%2F22%2Fcincinnati-prosecutor-probing-shooting-motorist-by-university-police-officer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150801005623/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/mount-auburn-shooting">"Police describe struggle that led UC officer to shoot, kill man"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. July 19, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/mount-auburn-shooting">the original</a> on August 1, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCPO-TV&rft.atitle=Police+describe+struggle+that+led+UC+officer+to+shoot%2C+kill+man&rft.date=2015-07-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fhamilton-county%2Fcincinnati%2Fmount-auburn-shooting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Richinick-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Richinick_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Richinick_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Richinick_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichinick2015" class="citation news cs1">Richinick, Michele (July 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/grand-jury-indicts-officer-ray-tensing-shooting-death-samuel-dubose-358043">"Grand Jury Indicts Police Officer Ray Tensing for Shooting Death of Samuel Dubose"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft.atitle=Grand+Jury+Indicts+Police+Officer+Ray+Tensing+for+Shooting+Death+of+Samuel+Dubose&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.aulast=Richinick&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fgrand-jury-indicts-officer-ray-tensing-shooting-death-samuel-dubose-358043&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP.Details-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AP.Details_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWelsh-Huggins2015" class="citation news cs1">Welsh-Huggins, Andrew (July 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/84b924e7068e484abaaa0459e0d41f11/details-university-police-officer-shooting-victim">"Details on university police officer, shooting victim"</a>. <i>AP News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Details+on+university+police+officer%2C+shooting+victim&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.aulast=Welsh-Huggins&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbigstory.ap.org%2Farticle%2F84b924e7068e484abaaa0459e0d41f11%2Fdetails-university-police-officer-shooting-victim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/latest-naacp-calls-policemans-indictment-encouraging-125225628.html">"Fired Ohio cop used stun gun on man"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! News">Yahoo! News</a>. Associated Press. July 29, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fired+Ohio+cop+used+stun+gun+on+man&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Flatest-naacp-calls-policemans-indictment-encouraging-125225628.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mura-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mura_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuraStolberg2015" class="citation news cs1">Mura, John; Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (July 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nyti.ms/1JWuoiH">"Samuel DuBose's Death in Cincinnati Points to Off-Campus Power of College Police"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Samuel+DuBose%27s+Death+in+Cincinnati+Points+to+Off-Campus+Power+of+College+Police&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.aulast=Mura&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Stolberg%2C+Sheryl+Gay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyti.ms%2F1JWuoiH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPace2015" class="citation web cs1">Pace, Demetrius (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3G7zFMt0uQ">"Ray Tensing traffic stop: Am I being detained?"</a>. <i>YouTube</i>. WCPO 9 Cincinnati<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Ray+Tensing+traffic+stop%3A+Am+I+being+detained%3F&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Pace&rft.aufirst=Demetrius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dn3G7zFMt0uQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoble" class="citation news cs1">Noble, Greg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/crime/ray-tensing-trial-decision-on-ray-tensing-retrial-expected-tuesday">"Ray Tensing trial: Decision on Ray Tensing retrial expected today"</a>. <i>WCPO 9 Cincinnati</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCPO+9+Cincinnati&rft.atitle=Ray+Tensing+trial%3A+Decision+on+Ray+Tensing+retrial+expected+today&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2Fray-tensing-trial-decision-on-ray-tensing-retrial-expected-tuesday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150724202929/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/ray-tensing-sam-dubose-uc-officer-accused-of-killing-motorist-has-clean-performance-record">"UC officer accused of killing motorist has clean performance record"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. July 29, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/ray-tensing-sam-dubose-uc-officer-accused-of-killing-motorist-has-clean-performance-record">the original</a> on July 24, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCPO-TV&rft.atitle=UC+officer+accused+of+killing+motorist+has+clean+performance+record&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fhamilton-county%2Fcincinnati%2Fray-tensing-sam-dubose-uc-officer-accused-of-killing-motorist-has-clean-performance-record&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uc.edu/publicsafety/about/police.html">"Police"</a>. University of Cincinnati.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Police&rft.pub=University+of+Cincinnati&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uc.edu%2Fpublicsafety%2Fabout%2Fpolice.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cincinnati.com-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cincinnati.com_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2015/08/25/uc-cops-got-new-guns-dubose-shooting/32339335/">"UC police got new guns before DuBose shooting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i>. August 25, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=UC+police+got+new+guns+before+DuBose+shooting&rft.date=2015-08-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2015%2F08%2F25%2Fuc-cops-got-new-guns-dubose-shooting%2F32339335%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham2015" class="citation news cs1">Graham, David A. (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/07/samuel-dubose-local-police/399977/">"How One Campus Cop Undid a City's Police Reforms"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=How+One+Campus+Cop+Undid+a+City%27s+Police+Reforms&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=David+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpolitics%2Farchive%2F2015%2F07%2Fsamuel-dubose-local-police%2F399977%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlwt.com/news/uc-police-officer-involved-in-mt-auburn-shooting/34246290">"Driver shot, killed by University of Cincinnati police officer in Mt. Auburn"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WLWT" title="WLWT">WLWT</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. July 20, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WLWT&rft.atitle=Driver+shot%2C+killed+by+University+of+Cincinnati+police+officer+in+Mt.+Auburn&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlwt.com%2Fnews%2Fuc-police-officer-involved-in-mt-auburn-shooting%2F34246290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coolidge-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coolidge_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coolidge_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coolidge_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coolidge_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoolidgeGrashaHorn2015" class="citation news cs1">Coolidge, Sharon; Grasha, Kevin; Horn, Dan (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2015/07/29/publish/30830777/">"Prosecutor: UC Officer 'purposefully killed' DuBose"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Prosecutor%3A+UC+Officer+%27purposefully+killed%27+DuBose&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Coolidge&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.au=Grasha%2C+Kevin&rft.au=Horn%2C+Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2015%2F07%2F29%2Fpublish%2F30830777%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPelzer2015" class="citation news cs1">Pelzer, Jeremy (August 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2015/08/ohio_senator_seeks_to_soften_f.html">"Ohio senator seeks to soften front license plate rule in wake of Cincinnati shooting"</a>. <i>The Plain Dealer</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Plain+Dealer&rft.atitle=Ohio+senator+seeks+to+soften+front+license+plate+rule+in+wake+of+Cincinnati+shooting&rft.date=2015-08-13&rft.aulast=Pelzer&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fopen%2Findex.ssf%2F2015%2F08%2Fohio_senator_seeks_to_soften_f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalmert2015" class="citation news cs1">Balmert, Jessie (July 23, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/local/2015/07/23/eliminating-front-license-plate-helped-shooting/30545935/">"Would eliminating front license plate have affected shooting case?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Would+eliminating+front+license+plate+have+affected+shooting+case%3F&rft.date=2015-07-23&rft.aulast=Balmert&rft.aufirst=Jessie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Flocal%2F2015%2F07%2F23%2Feliminating-front-license-plate-helped-shooting%2F30545935%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UC.Kroll-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UC.Kroll_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uc.edu/content/dam/uc/publicsafety/docs/Reform/documents/Kroll%20Report%20of%20Investigation%208.31.2015.pdf">"Review and Investigation of Officer Raymond M. Tensing's Use of Deadly Force on July 19, 2015: University of Cincinnati Police Department"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Cincinnati. August 21, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Review+and+Investigation+of+Officer+Raymond+M.+Tensing%27s+Use+of+Deadly+Force+on+July+19%2C+2015%3A+University+of+Cincinnati+Police+Department&rft.pub=University+of+Cincinnati&rft.date=2015-08-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uc.edu%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Fuc%2Fpublicsafety%2Fdocs%2FReform%2Fdocuments%2FKroll%2520Report%2520of%2520Investigation%25208.31.2015.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Perez-Pena-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Perez-Pena_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Perez-Pena_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Perez-Pena_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPérez-Peña2015" class="citation news cs1">Pérez-Peña, Richard (July 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nyti.ms/1I23fN1">"University of Cincinnati Officer Indicted in Fatal Shooting of Driver"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=University+of+Cincinnati+Officer+Indicted+in+Fatal+Shooting+of+Driver&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.aulast=P%C3%A9rez-Pe%C3%B1a&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyti.ms%2F1I23fN1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNobleLaw2015" class="citation news cs1">Noble, Greg; Law, Jason (July 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/watch-body-cam-video-released-in-sam-dubose-shooting">"Body camera video released in Sam DuBose shooting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCPO-TV&rft.atitle=Body+camera+video+released+in+Sam+DuBose+shooting&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.au=Law%2C+Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fhamilton-county%2Fcincinnati%2Fwatch-body-cam-video-released-in-sam-dubose-shooting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/no-charges-for-2-cops-at-scene-of-duboses-killing_55bbcd04e4b0b23e3ce2c9e2">"No Charges For 2 Cops At Scene Of Sam DuBose's Killing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a></i>. Associated Press. July 31, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=No+Charges+For+2+Cops+At+Scene+Of+Sam+DuBose%27s+Killing&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fno-charges-for-2-cops-at-scene-of-duboses-killing_55bbcd04e4b0b23e3ce2c9e2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBittenbender2015" class="citation news cs1">Bittenbender, Steve (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-police-ohio-idUSKCN0Q31ZL20150730">"Ohio officer charged with murder pleads not guilty, released on bond"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ohio+officer+charged+with+murder+pleads+not+guilty%2C+released+on+bond&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Bittenbender&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-police-ohio-idUSKCN0Q31ZL20150730&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carrero-2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carrero-2_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrero2015" class="citation news cs1">Carrero, Jacquellena (July 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/family-samuel-dubose-call-peace-after-officer-indictment-n400686">"Family of Samuel DuBose, Killed by University Cop, Calls for Peace After Cincinnati Indictment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Family+of+Samuel+DuBose%2C+Killed+by+University+Cop%2C+Calls+for+Peace+After+Cincinnati+Indictment&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.aulast=Carrero&rft.aufirst=Jacquellena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Ffamily-samuel-dubose-call-peace-after-officer-indictment-n400686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRogers2015" class="citation news cs1">Rogers, Katie (July 22, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nyti.ms/1Vv950s">"Questions After Unarmed Ohio Man Is Killed in Traffic Stop"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Questions+After+Unarmed+Ohio+Man+Is+Killed+in+Traffic+Stop&rft.date=2015-07-22&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyti.ms%2F1Vv950s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetracco2015" class="citation news cs1">Petracco, Ben (August 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlwt.com/article/search-warrant-bags-of-marijuana-found-in-sam-dubose-s-car/3556692">"Search Warrant: Bags of marijuana found in Sam DuBose's car"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WLWT" title="WLWT">WLWT</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 14,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WLWT&rft.atitle=Search+Warrant%3A+Bags+of+marijuana+found+in+Sam+DuBose%27s+car&rft.date=2015-08-05&rft.aulast=Petracco&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlwt.com%2Farticle%2Fsearch-warrant-bags-of-marijuana-found-in-sam-dubose-s-car%2F3556692&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WaPo.NoCharges-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo.NoCharges_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo.NoCharges_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerman2015" class="citation news cs1">Berman, Mark (July 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2015/07/31/prosecutor-no-charges-against-other-university-of-cincinnati-officers-who-witnessed-shooting-of-samuel-dubose/">"Prosecutor: No charges against other University of Cincinnati officers who witnessed shooting of Samuel DuBose"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Prosecutor%3A+No+charges+against+other+University+of+Cincinnati+officers+who+witnessed+shooting+of+Samuel+DuBose&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fpost-nation%2Fwp%2F2015%2F07%2F31%2Fprosecutor-no-charges-against-other-university-of-cincinnati-officers-who-witnessed-shooting-of-samuel-dubose%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLaughlin2015" class="citation news cs1">McLaughlin, Michael (July 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/samuel-dubose-officers-sued_55baa370e4b0d4f33a023260">"Officers Involved In Samuel DuBose Shooting Were Sued In Earlier Death Of Unarmed Black Man"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160119052436/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/samuel-dubose-officers-sued_us_55baa370e4b0d4f33a023260">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Officers+Involved+In+Samuel+DuBose+Shooting+Were+Sued+In+Earlier+Death+Of+Unarmed+Black+Man&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fsamuel-dubose-officers-sued_55baa370e4b0d4f33a023260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoble2015" class="citation news cs1">Noble, Greg (July 24, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161030211046/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/colleges/uc-news/sam-dubose-ray-tensing-uc-police-officer-said-motorist-was-dragging-him-so-he-shot-him">"Sam Dubose, Ray Tensing: UC police officer said motorist was dragging him, so he shot him"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/colleges/uc-news/sam-dubose-ray-tensing-uc-police-officer-said-motorist-was-dragging-him-so-he-shot-him">the original</a> on October 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCPO-TV&rft.atitle=Sam+Dubose%2C+Ray+Tensing%3A+UC+police+officer+said+motorist+was+dragging+him%2C+so+he+shot+him&rft.date=2015-07-24&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fcolleges%2Fuc-news%2Fsam-dubose-ray-tensing-uc-police-officer-said-motorist-was-dragging-him-so-he-shot-him&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ford-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ford_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFord2015" class="citation news cs1">Ford, Dana (July 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/29/us/ohio-sam-dubose-tensing-indictment/">"University cop indicted in traffic stop shooting"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=University+cop+indicted+in+traffic+stop+shooting&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2015%2F07%2F29%2Fus%2Fohio-sam-dubose-tensing-indictment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRalstonReilly2015" class="citation web cs1">Ralston, Michele; Reilly, M.B. (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uc.edu/officer-involved-shooting.html">"Information on July 19 Officer-Involved Shooting"</a>. University of Cincinnati<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Information+on+July+19+Officer-Involved+Shooting&rft.pub=University+of+Cincinnati&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Ralston&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.au=Reilly%2C+M.B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uc.edu%2Fofficer-involved-shooting.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saker-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Saker_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaker2015" class="citation news cs1">Saker, Anne (July 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2015/07/31/tensing-union-demands-uc-job-back/30932331">"Tensing, through union, demands his UC job back"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Tensing%2C+through+union%2C+demands+his+UC+job+back&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.aulast=Saker&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2015%2F07%2F31%2Ftensing-union-demands-uc-job-back%2F30932331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCormack-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McCormack_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCormack2015" class="citation news cs1">McCormack, Simon (July 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/ray-tensing-cincinnati-police-union_55bba703e4b0d4f33a029a3a">"Police Union Files Grievance To Get Ray Tensing His Job Back"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Police+Union+Files+Grievance+To+Get+Ray+Tensing+His+Job+Back&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.aulast=McCormack&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fray-tensing-cincinnati-police-union_55bba703e4b0d4f33a029a3a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFolkAragon2015" class="citation news cs1">Folk, Jesse; Aragon, Rose-Ann (July 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151020054043/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/colleges/uc-news/fop-ray-tensing-files-grievance-with-university-of-cincinnati-seeks-to-get-his-job-back">"FOP: Ray Tensing files grievance with University of Cincinnati to get his job back"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/colleges/uc-news/fop-ray-tensing-files-grievance-with-university-of-cincinnati-seeks-to-get-his-job-back">the original</a> on October 20, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCPO-TV&rft.atitle=FOP%3A+Ray+Tensing+files+grievance+with+University+of+Cincinnati+to+get+his+job+back&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.aulast=Folk&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft.au=Aragon%2C+Rose-Ann&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fcolleges%2Fuc-news%2Ffop-ray-tensing-files-grievance-with-university-of-cincinnati-seeks-to-get-his-job-back&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKutner2015" class="citation news cs1">Kutner, Max (August 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/indictment-cincinnati-campus-cop-raises-fears-about-armed-police-schools-360007">"Cincinnati Indictment Raises Fears About Campus Police"</a>. <i>Newsweek</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+Indictment+Raises+Fears+About+Campus+Police&rft.date=2015-08-05&rft.aulast=Kutner&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Findictment-cincinnati-campus-cop-raises-fears-about-armed-police-schools-360007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-ohio-fatal-shooting-samuel-dubose-20150807-story.html">"Ohio prosecutor's comments in fatal traffic stop shooting of Sam DuBose draw critics"</a>. <i>The Chicago Tribune</i>. August 7, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Ohio+prosecutor%27s+comments+in+fatal+traffic+stop+shooting+of+Sam+DuBose+draw+critics&rft.date=2015-08-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fnationworld%2Fct-ohio-fatal-shooting-samuel-dubose-20150807-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2015" class="citation news cs1">Thomas, Dexter (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-dubose-shooting-footage-real-life-video-game-20150729-story.html">"Footage of police shooting of Sam DuBose in Cincinnati evokes disturbing video game"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Footage+of+police+shooting+of+Sam+DuBose+in+Cincinnati+evokes+disturbing+video+game&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Dexter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fnation%2Fnationnow%2Fla-na-nn-dubose-shooting-footage-real-life-video-game-20150729-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing2015" class="citation news cs1">King, Shaun (July 28, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailykos.com/story/2015/07/28/1406408/-The-video-of-the-police-murder-of-Sam-Dubose-is-apparently-so-bad-Cincinnati-is-preparing-for-riots">"The video of police killing of Sam Dubose is apparently so bad, Cincinnati is preparing for riots"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Kos" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Kos">The Daily Kos</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Kos&rft.atitle=The+video+of+police+killing+of+Sam+Dubose+is+apparently+so+bad%2C+Cincinnati+is+preparing+for+riots&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailykos.com%2Fstory%2F2015%2F07%2F28%2F1406408%2F-The-video-of-the-police-murder-of-Sam-Dubose-is-apparently-so-bad-Cincinnati-is-preparing-for-riots%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elephrame.com/textbook/protests">"At least 983 Black Lives Matter demonstrations have been held in the last 376 days"</a>. <i>Elephrame</i>. July 30, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Elephrame&rft.atitle=At+least+983+Black+Lives+Matter+demonstrations+have+been+held+in+the+last+376+days&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felephrame.com%2Ftextbook%2Fprotests&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222161622/http://wfin.com/sam-dubose-protests-in-cincinnati-lead-to-arrests/">"Sam DuBose Protests in Cincinnati Lead to Arrests"</a>. Findlay, Ohio: WFIN. August 1, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wfin.com/sam-dubose-protests-in-cincinnati-lead-to-arrests/">the original</a> on December 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sam+DuBose+Protests+in+Cincinnati+Lead+to+Arrests&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwfin.com%2Fsam-dubose-protests-in-cincinnati-lead-to-arrests%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wlwt.com/news/several-people-arrested-at-fountain-square/34479936">"6 arrested in rally honoring Sam DuBose"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WLWT" title="WLWT">WLWT</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. August 1, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WLWT&rft.atitle=6+arrested+in+rally+honoring+Sam+DuBose&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwlwt.com%2Fnews%2Fseveral-people-arrested-at-fountain-square%2F34479936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrington2015" class="citation news cs1">Harrington, Ashley (September 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fox19.com/story/30065478/dubose-family-leads-march-for-justice-saturday">"DuBose family leads 'March for Justice'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WXIX-TV" title="WXIX-TV">WXIX-TV</a></i>. Newport, Kentucky.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WXIX-TV&rft.atitle=DuBose+family+leads+%27March+for+Justice%27&rft.date=2015-09-18&rft.aulast=Harrington&rft.aufirst=Ashley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox19.com%2Fstory%2F30065478%2Fdubose-family-leads-march-for-justice-saturday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHornSparling2015" class="citation news cs1">Horn, Dan; Sparling, Hannah (September 12, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2015/09/11/uc-release-new-dubose-shooting-report/72058718/">"UC report: Sam DuBose shooting 'entirely preventable'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=UC+report%3A+Sam+DuBose+shooting+%27entirely+preventable%27&rft.date=2015-09-12&rft.aulast=Horn&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.au=Sparling%2C+Hannah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2015%2F09%2F11%2Fuc-release-new-dubose-shooting-report%2F72058718%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerez-Pena2015" class="citation news cs1">Perez-Pena, Richard (September 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nyti.ms/1i4X8ij">"Ohio: Report Says Killing by Officer Was Preventable"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ohio%3A+Report+Says+Killing+by+Officer+Was+Preventable&rft.date=2015-09-11&rft.aulast=Perez-Pena&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyti.ms%2F1i4X8ij&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelton2015" class="citation news cs1">Felton, Ryan (September 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/sep/11/sam-dubose-shooting-independent-report">"Samuel DuBose shooting was due to 'critical errors in judgment', report finds"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Samuel+DuBose+shooting+was+due+to+%27critical+errors+in+judgment%27%2C+report+finds&rft.date=2015-09-11&rft.aulast=Felton&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2015%2Fsep%2F11%2Fsam-dubose-shooting-independent-report&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawley2015" class="citation news cs1">Hawley, Brad (October 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fox19.com/story/30273277/irate8-10-demands-to-uc">"Irate8 to meet with UC president after giving list of 10 demands to UC"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WXIX-TV" title="WXIX-TV">WXIX-TV</a></i>. Newport, Kentucky.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WXIX-TV&rft.atitle=Irate8+to+meet+with+UC+president+after+giving+list+of+10+demands+to+UC&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft.aulast=Hawley&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox19.com%2Fstory%2F30273277%2Firate8-10-demands-to-uc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlwt.com/news/irate-8-presents-list-of-demands-to-uc-officials/35866422">"Irate 8 presents list of demands to UC officials"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WLWT" title="WLWT">WLWT</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. October 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WLWT&rft.atitle=Irate+8+presents+list+of+demands+to+UC+officials&rft.date=2015-10-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlwt.com%2Fnews%2Firate-8-presents-list-of-demands-to-uc-officials%2F35866422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018164304/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/colleges/uc-news/irate8-student-group-issues-set-of-demands-to-university-of-cincinnati-leaders">"Irate8 student group issues set of demands to University of Cincinnati leaders"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/colleges/uc-news/irate8-student-group-issues-set-of-demands-to-university-of-cincinnati-leaders">the original</a> on October 18, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCPO-TV&rft.atitle=Irate8+student+group+issues+set+of+demands+to+University+of+Cincinnati+leaders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fcolleges%2Fuc-news%2Firate8-student-group-issues-set-of-demands-to-university-of-cincinnati-leaders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carrero-3-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carrero-3_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrero2015" class="citation news cs1">Carrero, Jacquellena (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/body-cam-video-shows-uc-police-responding-sam-dubose-shooting-n401231">"Samuel DuBose Shooting: Second Body Cam Video Shows Police Response"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Samuel+DuBose+Shooting%3A+Second+Body+Cam+Video+Shows+Police+Response&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Carrero&rft.aufirst=Jacquellena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Fbody-cam-video-shows-uc-police-responding-sam-dubose-shooting-n401231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2015/07/30/tensing-arraignment-scheduled-thursday/30870405/">"$1 million bond set for officer charged with murder"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i>. July 30, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=%241+million+bond+set+for+officer+charged+with+murder&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2015%2F07%2F30%2Ftensing-arraignment-scheduled-thursday%2F30870405%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carrero-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carrero_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrero2015" class="citation news cs1">Carrero, Jacquellena (July 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/university-cincinnati-police-officer-indicted-murder-death-samuel-dubose-n400511">"University of Cincinnati Police Officer Indicted for Murder in Death of Samuel Dubose"</a>. NBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=University+of+Cincinnati+Police+Officer+Indicted+for+Murder+in+Death+of+Samuel+Dubose&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.aulast=Carrero&rft.aufirst=Jacquellena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Funiversity-cincinnati-police-officer-indicted-murder-death-samuel-dubose-n400511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorse2016" class="citation news cs1">Morse, Janice (October 31, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/0fc294c491da4dd7a3b3f135b7cddca7">"2 blacks, 10 whites on jury in traffic stop police shooting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=2+blacks%2C+10+whites+on+jury+in+traffic+stop+police+shooting&rft.date=2016-10-31&rft.aulast=Morse&rft.aufirst=Janice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2F0fc294c491da4dd7a3b3f135b7cddca7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewman2016" class="citation news cs1">Newman, Andy (November 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/13/us/ray-tensing-samuel-dubose-trial-deadlock.html">"Jury Deadlocks in Trial of Ex-Officer in Killing of Unarmed Black Driver in Cincinnati"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jury+Deadlocks+in+Trial+of+Ex-Officer+in+Killing+of+Unarmed+Black+Driver+in+Cincinnati&rft.date=2016-11-12&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F11%2F13%2Fus%2Fray-tensing-samuel-dubose-trial-deadlock.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2016/11/22/us/22reuters-ohio-police.html">"Ex-Cop to Be Retried in Black Cincinnati Motorist's Killing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. November 22, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ex-Cop+to+Be+Retried+in+Black+Cincinnati+Motorist%27s+Killing&rft.date=2016-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2016%2F11%2F22%2Fus%2F22reuters-ohio-police.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSewell2016" class="citation news cs1">Sewell, Dan (December 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/4095857eafcb49e38e178fcfeda4b2c9">"Gag order for retrial in Ohio police shooting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Gag+order+for+retrial+in+Ohio+police+shooting&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft.aulast=Sewell&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2F4095857eafcb49e38e178fcfeda4b2c9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ray-tensing-case-judge-rules-on-confederate-flag-t-shirt-in-officers-murder-retrial/">"Ray Tensing case: Judge rules on Confederate flag T-shirt in officer's murder retrial"</a>. Cincinnati, Ohio: Associated Press. May 26, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ray+Tensing+case%3A+Judge+rules+on+Confederate+flag+T-shirt+in+officer%27s+murder+retrial&rft.date=2017-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fray-tensing-case-judge-rules-on-confederate-flag-t-shirt-in-officers-murder-retrial%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBidgoodPerez-Pena2017" class="citation news cs1">Bidgood, Jess; Perez-Pena, Richard (June 23, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/23/us/raymond-tensing-samuel-dubose-cincinnati.html">"Mistrial in Cincinnati Shooting as Officer Is Latest Not to Be Convicted"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mistrial+in+Cincinnati+Shooting+as+Officer+Is+Latest+Not+to+Be+Convicted&rft.date=2017-06-23&rft.aulast=Bidgood&rft.aufirst=Jess&rft.au=Perez-Pena%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F06%2F23%2Fus%2Fraymond-tensing-samuel-dubose-cincinnati.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSewell2017" class="citation news cs1">Sewell, Dan (July 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2017-07-18/prosecutor-to-announce-plans-in-fatal-ohio-police-shooting">"Case Against Officer Who Killed Unarmed Motorist Is Dropped"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a></i>. Associated Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=Case+Against+Officer+Who+Killed+Unarmed+Motorist+Is+Dropped&rft.date=2017-07-18&rft.aulast=Sewell&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus%2Farticles%2F2017-07-18%2Fprosecutor-to-announce-plans-in-fatal-ohio-police-shooting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Congedo-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Congedo_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCongedo2015" class="citation news cs1">Congedo, Jackie (July 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlwt.com/news/uc-officer-ray-tensings-attorney-plans-to-use-selfdefense-claim/34433782">"Former UC Officer Ray Tensing's attorney plans to use self-defense claim"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WLWT" title="WLWT">WLWT</a></i>. Cincinnati, Ohio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WLWT&rft.atitle=Former+UC+Officer+Ray+Tensing%27s+attorney+plans+to+use+self-defense+claim&rft.date=2015-07-30&rft.aulast=Congedo&rft.aufirst=Jackie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlwt.com%2Fnews%2Fuc-officer-ray-tensings-attorney-plans-to-use-selfdefense-claim%2F34433782&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/jul/30/samuel-dubose-video-police-killing-cincinnati">"Samuel DuBose video appears to show two officers reinforced false account of police killing"</a>. July 29, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Samuel+DuBose+video+appears+to+show+two+officers+reinforced+false+account+of+police+killing&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2015%2Fjul%2F30%2Fsamuel-dubose-video-police-killing-cincinnati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/tensing/2016/11/03/what-expect-thursday-ray-tensing-murder-trial/93199114/">"Video expert: Ray Tensing was not dragged"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i>. Associated Press. November 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Video+expert%3A+Ray+Tensing+was+not+dragged&rft.date=2016-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Ftensing%2F2016%2F11%2F03%2Fwhat-expect-thursday-ray-tensing-murder-trial%2F93199114%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStolberg2016" class="citation news cs1">Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (January 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nyti.ms/1JVaavT">"University of Cincinnati to Pay $4.85 Million to Family of Man Killed by Officer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=University+of+Cincinnati+to+Pay+%244.85+Million+to+Family+of+Man+Killed+by+Officer&rft.date=2016-01-18&rft.aulast=Stolberg&rft.aufirst=Sheryl+Gay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyti.ms%2F1JVaavT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cin.Settlement-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cin.Settlement_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight2016" class="citation news cs1">Knight, Cameron (February 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2016/02/12/dubose-family-file-civil-suit-against-tensing/80309672/">"Settlement protects Tensing from civil suits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Settlement+protects+Tensing+from+civil+suits&rft.date=2016-02-12&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Cameron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2016%2F02%2F12%2Fdubose-family-file-civil-suit-against-tensing%2F80309672%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurnutte" class="citation web cs1">Curnutte, Kate Murphy and Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2018/03/23/settlement-ex-cop-ray-tensing-killed-sam-dubose/452121002/">"Ex-cop who killed black motorist gets $250K settlement from former employer"</a>. <i>USA TODAY</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+TODAY&rft.atitle=Ex-cop+who+killed+black+motorist+gets+%24250K+settlement+from+former+employer&rft.aulast=Curnutte&rft.aufirst=Kate+Murphy+and+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fnation-now%2F2018%2F03%2F23%2Fsettlement-ex-cop-ray-tensing-killed-sam-dubose%2F452121002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKilling+of+Samuel+DuBose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uc.edu/content/dam/uc/ucomm/docs/incident-report.pdf">University of Cincinnati police report from Eric Weibel</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Black_Lives_Matter" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;background-color:#CEE0F2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Black_Lives_Matter" title="Template:Black Lives Matter"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Black_Lives_Matter" title="Template talk:Black Lives Matter"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Black_Lives_Matter" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Black Lives Matter"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Black_Lives_Matter" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Melina_Abdullah" title="Melina Abdullah">Melina Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tay_Anderson" title="Tay Anderson">Tay Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Brooks" title="Cat Brooks">Cat Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cori_Bush" title="Cori Bush">Cori Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Carr" title="Gwen Carr">Gwen Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Crump" title="Benjamin Crump">Benjamin Crump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrisse_Cullors" title="Patrisse Cullors">Patrisse Cullors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aalayah_Eastmond" title="Aalayah Eastmond">Aalayah Eastmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnetta_Elzie" title="Johnetta Elzie">Johnetta Elzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Franks_Jr." title="Bruce Franks Jr.">Bruce Franks Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darnella_Frazier" title="Darnella Frazier">Darnella Frazier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erica_Garner" title="Erica Garner">Erica Garner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alicia_Garza" title="Alicia Garza">Alicia Garza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elle_Hearns" class="mw-redirect" title="Elle Hearns">Elle Hearns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hudson" title="Sandy Hudson">Sandy Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blair_Imani" title="Blair Imani">Blair Imani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Aleta_Jackson" title="Natalie Aleta Jackson">Natalie Aleta Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marissa_Johnson" title="Marissa Johnson">Marissa Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasha_Johnson" title="Sasha Johnson">Sasha Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jari_Jones" title="Jari Jones">Jari Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tishaura_Jones" title="Tishaura Jones">Tishaura Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariame_Kaba" title="Mariame Kaba">Mariame Kaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Kaepernick" title="Colin Kaepernick">Colin Kaepernick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brittany_Kamai" title="Brittany Kamai">Brittany Kamai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janaya_Khan" title="Janaya Khan">Janaya Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaun_King" title="Shaun King">Shaun King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekima_Levy_Armstrong" title="Nekima Levy Armstrong">Nekima Levy Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Lewis" title="Eva Lewis">Eva Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamika_Mallory" title="Tamika Mallory">Tamika Mallory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_McHarris" title="Philip McHarris">Philip McHarris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeRay_Mckesson" title="DeRay Mckesson">DeRay Mckesson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhiyidin_Moye" title="Muhiyidin Moye">Muhiyidin Moye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bree_Newsome" title="Bree Newsome">Bree Newsome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikkita_Oliver" title="Nikkita Oliver">Nikkita Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijeoma_Oluo" title="Ijeoma Oluo">Ijeoma Oluo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brittany_Packnett_Cunningham" title="Brittany Packnett Cunningham">Brittany Packnett Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Puryear" title="Eugene Puryear">Eugene Puryear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teressa_Raiford" title="Teressa Raiford">Teressa Raiford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen_Reid" title="Jen Reid">Jen Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Sarsour" title="Linda Sarsour">Linda Sarsour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Sharpton" title="Al Sharpton">Al Sharpton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sinyangwe" title="Samuel Sinyangwe">Samuel Sinyangwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Stevens" title="Nova Stevens">Nova Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keeanga-Yamahtta_Taylor" title="Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor">Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thompson_(Minnesota_politician)" title="John Thompson (Minnesota politician)">John Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay%E1%BB%8D_Tometi" title="Ayọ Tometi">Ayọ Tometi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assa_Traor%C3%A9" title="Assa Traoré">Assa Traoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrus_Marcus_Ware" title="Syrus Marcus Ware">Syrus Marcus Ware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferguson_unrest" title="Ferguson unrest">Ferguson unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Baltimore_protests" title="2015 Baltimore protests">2015 Baltimore protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_University_of_Missouri_protests" title="2015–2016 University of Missouri protests">2015–2016 University of Missouri protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_of_Robert_Rialmo" title="Dismissal of Robert Rialmo">Dismissal of Robert Rialmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Donald_Trump_Chicago_rally_protest" title="2016 Donald Trump Chicago rally protest">2016 Donald Trump Chicago rally protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_St._Louis_protests" title="2017 St. Louis protests">2017 St. Louis protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breonna_Taylor_protests" title="Breonna Taylor protests">Breonna Taylor protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">George Floyd protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_changes_made_due_to_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of changes made due to the George Floyd protests">changes made</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_name_changes_due_to_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of name changes due to the George Floyd protests">name changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_and_memorials_removed_during_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests">removal of monuments and memorials</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="Reactions to the George Floyd protests">reactions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Derek_Chauvin" title="Trial of Derek Chauvin">trial of Derek Chauvin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violence_and_controversies_during_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="Violence and controversies during the George Floyd protests">violence and controversies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_photo_op_at_St._John%27s_Church" title="Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church">Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_police_violence_incidents_during_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of police violence incidents during George Floyd protests">police violence incidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_police_shoving_incident" title="Buffalo police shoving incident">Buffalo police shoving incident</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_gun-toting_incident" title="St. Louis gun-toting incident">St. Louis gun-toting incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vehicle-ramming_incidents_during_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of vehicle-ramming incidents during George Floyd protests">vehicle-ramming incidents</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Birders_Week" title="Black Birders Week">Black Birders Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackout_Tuesday" title="Blackout Tuesday">Blackout Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill_Occupied_Protest" title="Capitol Hill Occupied Protest">Capitol Hill Occupied Protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_for_Black_Lives_(academic_protest)" title="Strike for Black Lives (academic protest)">Academic strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_for_Black_Lives_(coalition_protest)" title="Strike for Black Lives (coalition protest)">General strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha_unrest" title="Kenosha unrest">Kenosha unrest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha_unrest_shooting" title="Kenosha unrest shooting">shooting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_American_athlete_strikes" title="2020 American athlete strikes">Athlete strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Minneapolis_false_rumors_riot" title="2020 Minneapolis false rumors riot">2020 Minneapolis false rumors riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932023_Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul_racial_unrest" title="2020–2023 Minneapolis–Saint Paul racial unrest">2020–2023 Minneapolis–Saint Paul racial unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orisha_Land" title="Orisha Land">Orisha Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daunte_Wright_protests" title="Daunte Wright protests">Daunte Wright protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Uptown_Minneapolis_unrest" title="2021 Uptown Minneapolis unrest">2021 Uptown Minneapolis unrest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Deona_Marie_Knajdek" title="Killing of Deona Marie Knajdek">vehicle-ramming attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyre_Nichols_protests" title="Tyre Nichols protests">Tyre Nichols protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_protests_in_New_York_City" title="Black Lives Matter protests in New York City">Protests in New York City</a></li> <li>List of George Floyd protests <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_George_Floyd_protests_in_the_United_States" title="List of George Floyd protests in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_George_Floyd_protests_outside_the_United_States" title="List of George Floyd protests outside the United States">outside the United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Daunte_Wright_protests" title="List of Daunte Wright protests">List of Daunte Wright protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_unarmed_African_Americans_killed_by_law_enforcement_officers_in_the_United_States" title="List of unarmed African Americans killed by law enforcement officers in the United States">Deaths protested</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2009–2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Oscar_Grant" title="Killing of Oscar Grant">Oscar Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Aiyana_Jones" title="Killing of Aiyana Jones">Aiyana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_James_Craig_Anderson" title="Murder of James Craig Anderson">James Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Mark_Duggan" title="Killing of Mark Duggan">Mark Duggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Kenneth_Chamberlain_Sr." title="Killing of Kenneth Chamberlain Sr.">Kenneth Chamberlain Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Anthony_Lamar_Smith" title="Killing of Anthony Lamar Smith">Anthony Lamar Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2012–2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ramarley_Graham" title="Killing of Ramarley Graham">Ramarley Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Trayvon_Martin" title="Killing of Trayvon Martin">Trayvon Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Rekia_Boyd" title="Killing of Rekia Boyd">Rekia Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Jordan_Davis" title="Murder of Jordan Davis">Jordan Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Timothy_Russell_and_Malissa_Williams" title="Killing of Timothy Russell and Malissa Williams">Timothy Russell and Malissa Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Tyrone_West" title="Death of Tyrone West">Tyrone West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Larry_Jackson_Jr." title="Killing of Larry Jackson Jr.">Larry Jackson Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jonathan_Ferrell" title="Killing of Jonathan Ferrell">Jonathan Ferrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Miriam_Carey" title="Killing of Miriam Carey">Miriam Carey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Renisha_McBride" title="Murder of Renisha McBride">Renisha McBride</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Dontre_Hamilton" title="Killing of Dontre Hamilton">Dontre Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Eric_Garner" title="Killing of Eric Garner">Eric Garner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_John_Crawford_III" title="Killing of John Crawford III">John Crawford III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Michael_Brown" title="Killing of Michael Brown">Michael Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ezell_Ford" title="Killing of Ezell Ford">Ezell Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Laquan_McDonald" title="Murder of Laquan McDonald">Laquan McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Akai_Gurley" title="Killing of Akai Gurley">Akai Gurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Tamir_Rice" title="Killing of Tamir Rice">Tamir Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Antonio_Martin" title="Killing of Antonio Martin">Antonio Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jerame_Reid" title="Killing of Jerame Reid">Jerame Reid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Natasha_McKenna" title="Death of Natasha McKenna">Natasha McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Charley_Leundeu_Keunang" title="Killing of Charley Leundeu Keunang">Charley Leundeu Keunang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Tony_Robinson" title="Killing of Tony Robinson">Tony Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Anthony_Hill" title="Killing of Anthony Hill">Anthony Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Meagan_Hockaday" title="Killing of Meagan Hockaday">Meagan Hockaday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Eric_Harris" title="Killing of Eric Harris">Eric Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Walter_Scott" title="Killing of Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Freddie_Gray" title="Killing of Freddie Gray">Freddie Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_William_Chapman" title="Killing of William Chapman">William Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston_church_shooting" title="Charleston church shooting">Charleston church shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Jonathan_Sanders" title="Death of Jonathan Sanders">Jonathan Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Sandra_Bland" title="Death of Sandra Bland">Sandra Bland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Samuel DuBose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Mansur_Ball-Bey" title="Killing of Mansur Ball-Bey">Mansur Ball-Bey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jeremy_McDole" title="Killing of Jeremy McDole">Jeremy McDole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Corey_Jones" title="Killing of Corey Jones">Corey Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jamar_Clark" title="Killing of Jamar Clark">Jamar Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Woods" class="mw-redirect" title="Mario Woods">Mario Woods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Greg_Gunn" title="Killing of Greg Gunn">Greg Gunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Alton_Sterling" title="Killing of Alton Sterling">Alton Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Philando_Castile" title="Killing of Philando Castile">Philando Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Joseph_Mann" title="Killing of Joseph Mann">Joseph Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Adama_Traor%C3%A9" title="Death of Adama Traoré">Adama Traoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abdirahman_Abdi" title="Death of Abdirahman Abdi">Abdirahman Abdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Paul_O%27Neal" title="Killing of Paul O'Neal">Paul O'Neal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Korryn_Gaines" title="Killing of Korryn Gaines">Korryn Gaines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jamarion_Robinson" title="Killing of Jamarion Robinson">Jamarion Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylville_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Sylville Smith">Sylville Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Elijah_Doughty" title="Death of Elijah Doughty">Elijah Doughty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Terence_Crutcher" title="Killing of Terence Crutcher">Terence Crutcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Keith_Lamont_Scott" title="Killing of Keith Lamont Scott">Keith Lamont Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Alfred_Olango" title="Killing of Alfred Olango">Alfred Olango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Deborah_Danner" title="Killing of Deborah Danner">Deborah Danner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jocques_Clemmons" title="Killing of Jocques Clemmons">Jocques Clemmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Jordan_Edwards" title="Murder of Jordan Edwards">Jordan Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Edson_Da_Costa" title="Death of Edson Da Costa">Edson Da Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Rashan_Charles" title="Death of Rashan Charles">Rashan Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Patrick_Harmon" title="Killing of Patrick Harmon">Patrick Harmon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Anthony_Weber" title="Killing of Anthony Weber">Anthony Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Stephon_Clark" title="Killing of Stephon Clark">Stephon Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Marcus-David_Peters" title="Killing of Marcus-David Peters">Marcus-David Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Antwon_Rose_Jr." title="Killing of Antwon Rose Jr.">Antwon Rose Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Markeis_McGlockton" title="Killing of Markeis McGlockton">Markeis McGlockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Daniel_Hambrick" title="Killing of Daniel Hambrick">Daniel Hambrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Botham_Jean" title="Murder of Botham Jean">Botham Jean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Tamla_Horsford" title="Death of Tamla Horsford">Tamla Horsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jemel_Roberson" title="Killing of Jemel Roberson">Jemel Roberson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Emantic_Fitzgerald_Bradford_Jr." title="Killing of Emantic Fitzgerald Bradford Jr.">EJ Bradford Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_George_Robinson" title="Killing of George Robinson">George Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Willie_McCoy" title="Killing of Willie McCoy">Willie McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Danquirs_Franklin" title="Killing of Danquirs Franklin">Danquirs Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Javier_Ambler" title="Killing of Javier Ambler">Javier Ambler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Lassana_Cisse" title="Murder of Lassana Cisse">Lassana Cisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ronald_Greene" title="Killing of Ronald Greene">Ronald Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Pamela_Turner" title="Killing of Pamela Turner">Pamela Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Layleen_Polanco" title="Death of Layleen Polanco">Layleen Polanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Shukri_Abdi" title="Death of Shukri Abdi">Shukri Abdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Christopher_Kapessa" title="Death of Christopher Kapessa">Christopher Kapessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Elijah_McClain" title="Killing of Elijah McClain">Elijah McClain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Atatiana_Jefferson" title="Killing of Atatiana Jefferson">Atatiana Jefferson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Alvin_Cole" title="Killing of Alvin Cole">Alvin Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Ahmaud_Arbery" title="Murder of Ahmaud Arbery">Ahmaud Arbery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Manuel_Ellis" title="Killing of Manuel Ellis">Manuel Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Breonna_Taylor" title="Killing of Breonna Taylor">Breonna Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Daniel_Prude" title="Killing of Daniel Prude">Daniel Prude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Nina_Pop" title="Killing of Nina Pop">Nina Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_George_Floyd" title="Murder of George Floyd">George Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Dion_Johnson" title="Killing of Dion Johnson">Dion Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Tony_McDade" title="Killing of Tony McDade">Tony McDade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Regis_Korchinski-Paquet" title="Death of Regis Korchinski-Paquet">Regis Korchinski-Paquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_James_Scurlock" title="Killing of James Scurlock">James Scurlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_David_McAtee" title="Killing of David McAtee">David McAtee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murders_of_Oluwatoyin_Salau_and_Victoria_Sims" title="Murders of Oluwatoyin Salau and Victoria Sims">Oluwatoyin Salau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Carlos_Carson" title="Killing of Carlos Carson">Carlos Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Rayshard_Brooks" title="Killing of Rayshard Brooks">Rayshard Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Julian_Lewis" title="Killing of Julian Lewis">Julian Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Dijon_Kizzee" title="Killing of Dijon Kizzee">Dijon Kizzee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Marcellis_Stinnette" title="Killing of Marcellis Stinnette">Marcellis Stinnette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Chaniece_Wallace" title="Death of Chaniece Wallace">Chaniece Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Walter_Wallace" title="Killing of Walter Wallace">Walter Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Andre_Hill" title="Murder of Andre Hill">Andre Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Dolal_Idd" title="Killing of Dolal Idd">Dolal Idd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Marvin_Scott" title="Death of Marvin Scott">Marvin Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Adam_Toledo" title="Killing of Adam Toledo">Adam Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Daunte_Wright" title="Killing of Daunte Wright">Daunte Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Lindani_Myeni" title="Killing of Lindani Myeni">Lindani Myeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ma%27Khia_Bryant" title="Killing of Ma'Khia Bryant">Ma'Khia Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Andrew_Brown_Jr." title="Killing of Andrew Brown Jr.">Andrew Brown Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Winston_Boogie_Smith" title="Killing of Winston Boogie Smith">Winston Boogie Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Leneal_Frazier" title="Killing of Leneal Frazier">Leneal Frazier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Amir_Locke" title="Killing of Amir Locke">Amir Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Patrick_Lyoya" title="Killing of Patrick Lyoya">Patrick Lyoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jayland_Walker" title="Killing of Jayland Walker">Jayland Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Donovan_Lewis" title="Killing of Donovan Lewis">Donovan Lewis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Keenan_Anderson" title="Death of Keenan Anderson">Keenan Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Tyre_Nichols" title="Killing of Tyre Nichols">Tyre Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Irvo_Otieno" title="Killing of Irvo Otieno">Irvo Otieno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jordan_Neely" title="Killing of Jordan Neely">Jordan Neely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ricky_Cobb_II" title="Killing of Ricky Cobb II">Ricky Cobb II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Johnny_Hollman" title="Killing of Johnny Hollman">Johnny Hollman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ta%27Kiya_Young" title="Killing of Ta'Kiya Young">Ta'Kiya Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Leonard_Cure" title="Killing of Leonard Cure">Leonard Cure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Dexter_Reed" title="Killing of Dexter Reed">Dexter Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Roger_Fortson" title="Killing of Roger Fortson">Roger Fortson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Sonya_Massey" title="Killing of Sonya Massey">Sonya Massey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">Other cases<br />protested</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalief_Browder" title="Kalief Browder">Kalief Browder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Texas_pool_party_incident" title="2015 Texas pool party incident">2015 Texas pool party incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Charles_Kinsey" title="Shooting of Charles Kinsey">Shooting of Charles Kinsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Jacob_Blake" title="Shooting of Jacob Blake">Shooting of Jacob Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Ralph_Yarl" title="Shooting of Ralph Yarl">Shooting of Ralph Yarl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankin_County_torture_incident" title="Rankin County torture incident">Rankin County torture incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_movement_in_popular_culture" title="Black Lives Matter movement in popular culture">In popular culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_art" title="Black Lives Matter art">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_art_in_New_York_City" title="Black Lives Matter art in New York City">New York City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bust_of_George_Floyd" title="Bust of George Floyd">Bust of George Floyd</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_art_in_Portland,_Oregon" title="Black Lives Matter art in Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_mural_(Portland,_Oregon)" title="George Floyd mural (Portland, Oregon)">George Floyd mural</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/We_Stand_with_You" title="We Stand with You">We Stand with You</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Say_Their_Names" title="Say Their Names">Say Their Names</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_George_Floyd" title="Statue of George Floyd">Statue of George Floyd</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Street_murals" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Black_Lives_Matter_street_murals" title="List of Black Lives Matter street murals">Street murals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Cincinnati)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Cincinnati)">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Indianapolis)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Indianapolis)">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Portland,_Oregon)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Portland, Oregon)">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Salt_Lake_City)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Salt Lake City)">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Santa_Cruz,_California)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Santa Cruz, California)">Santa Cruz, California</a></li> <li>Seattle <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Capitol_Hill,_Seattle)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Capitol Hill, Seattle)">Capitol Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Seattle_City_Hall)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Seattle City Hall)">City Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_street_mural_(Springfield,_Massachusetts)" title="Black Lives Matter street mural (Springfield, Massachusetts)">Springfield, Massachusetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/All_American_Boys" title="All American Boys">All American Boys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Software" title="Black Software">Black Software</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blackout_(young_adult_novel)" title="Blackout (young adult novel)">Blackout</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brit(ish)" title="Brit(ish)">Brit(ish)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dear_Martin" title="Dear Martin">Dear Martin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hate_U_Give" title="The Hate U Give">The Hate U Give</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/His_Name_Is_George_Floyd" title="His Name Is George Floyd">His Name Is George Floyd</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Can%27t_Breathe:_A_Killing_on_Bay_Street" title="I Can't Breathe: A Killing on Bay Street">I Can't Breathe: A Killing on Bay Street</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rest_in_Power:_The_Enduring_Life_of_Trayvon_Martin" title="Rest in Power: The Enduring Life of Trayvon Martin">Rest in Power: The Enduring Life of Trayvon Martin</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/16_Shots" title="16 Shots">16 Shots</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/3_1/2_Minutes,_10_Bullets" title="3 1/2 Minutes, 10 Bullets">3 1/2 Minutes, 10 Bullets</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Son_(2019_film)" title="American Son (2019 film)">American Son</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bars4Justice" title="Bars4Justice">Bars4Justice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fruitvale_Station_(film)" title="Fruitvale Station (film)">Fruitvale Station</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Generation_Revolution" title="Generation Revolution">Generation Revolution</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hate_U_Give_(film)" title="The Hate U Give (film)">The Hate U Give</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rest_in_Power:_The_Trayvon_Martin_Story" title="Rest in Power: The Trayvon Martin Story">Rest in Power: The Trayvon Martin Story</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stay_Woke:_The_Black_Lives_Matter_Movement" title="Stay Woke: The Black Lives Matter Movement">Stay Woke: The Black Lives Matter Movement</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stranger_Fruit_(film)" title="Stranger Fruit (film)">Stranger Fruit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Two_Distant_Strangers" title="Two Distant Strangers">Two Distant Strangers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whose_Streets%3F" title="Whose Streets?">Whose Streets?</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Alright_(Kendrick_Lamar_song)" title="Alright (Kendrick Lamar song)">Alright</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Angel_Down_(song)" title="Angel Down (song)">Angel Down</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Bigger_Picture_(song)" title="The Bigger Picture (song)">The Bigger Picture</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_Parade_(song)" title="Black Parade (song)">Black Parade</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Can%27t_Put_It_in_the_Hands_of_Fate" title="Can't Put It in the Hands of Fate">Can't Put It in the Hands of Fate</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Chains_(Usher_song)" title="Chains (Usher song)">Chains</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cop_vs._Phone_Girl" title="Cop vs. Phone Girl">Cop vs. Phone Girl</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Shoot_(The_Game_song)" title="Don't Shoot (The Game song)">Don't Shoot</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Formation_(song)" title="Formation (song)">Formation</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Freedom_(Beyonc%C3%A9_song)" title="Freedom (Beyoncé song)">Freedom</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hell_You_Talmbout" title="Hell You Talmbout">Hell You Talmbout</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Can%27t_Breathe_(H.E.R._song)" title="I Can't Breathe (H.E.R. song)">I Can't Breathe</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lavender_(Nightfall_Remix)" title="Lavender (Nightfall Remix)">Lavender (Nightfall Remix)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Loyal_Like_Sid_%26_Nancy" title="Loyal Like Sid & Nancy">Loyal Like Sid & Nancy</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Otherside_of_America" title="Otherside of America">Otherside of America</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Riot_(XXXTentacion_song)" title="Riot (XXXTentacion song)">Riot</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rockstar_(DaBaby_song)" title="Rockstar (DaBaby song)">Rockstar (BLM Remix)</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Last_Words_of_the_Unarmed" title="The Seven Last Words of the Unarmed">The Seven Last Words of the Unarmed</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Snow_on_tha_Bluff_(song)" title="Snow on tha Bluff (song)">Snow on tha Bluff</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/This_Is_America_(song)" title="This Is America (song)">This Is America</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What_They%27ll_Say_About_Us" title="What They'll Say About Us">What They'll Say About Us</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/White_Privilege_II" title="White Privilege II">White Privilege II</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Colin_in_Black_%26_White" title="Colin in Black & White">Colin in Black & White</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/8:46_(special)" title="8:46 (special)">8:46</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Holding_a_Black_Lives_Matter_Sign_in_America%27s_Most_Racist_Town" title="Holding a Black Lives Matter Sign in America's Most Racist Town">Holding a Black Lives Matter Sign in America's Most Racist Town</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Ferguson" title="Our Lady of Ferguson">Our Lady of Ferguson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taking_a_Stand_in_Baton_Rouge" title="Taking a Stand in Baton Rouge">Taking a Stand in Baton Rouge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woke_(TV_series)" title="Woke (TV series)"><i>Woke</i> (TV series)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">Activist groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8_to_Abolition" title="8 to Abolition">8 to Abolition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assata%27s_Daughters" title="Assata's Daughters">Assata's Daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Feminist_Future" title="Black Feminist Future">Black Feminist Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_Global_Network_Foundation" title="Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation">Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Visions_Collective" title="Black Visions Collective">Black Visions Collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackinChem" title="BlackinChem">BlackinChem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYP100" title="BYP100">BYP100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_Zero" title="Campaign Zero">Campaign Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Shoot_Portland" title="Don't Shoot Portland">Don't Shoot Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennial_Activists_United" title="Millennial Activists United">Millennial Activists United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mothers_of_Gynecology_Movement" title="Mothers of Gynecology Movement">Mothers of Gynecology Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mothers_of_the_Movement" title="Mothers of the Movement">Mothers of the Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Black_Lives" title="Movement for Black Lives">Movement for Black Lives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples_Power_Assemblies" title="Peoples Power Assemblies">Peoples Power Assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SayHerName" title="SayHerName">#SayHerName</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_Cop_City" title="Stop Cop City">Stop Cop City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_Riders_NYC" title="Street Riders NYC">Street Riders NYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taking_the_Initiative_Party" title="Taking the Initiative Party">Taking the Initiative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_of_Moms" title="Wall of Moms">Wall of Moms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Coats_for_Black_Lives" title="White Coats for Black Lives">White Coats for Black Lives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">Proposed<br />legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BREATHE_Act" title="BREATHE Act">BREATHE Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Diversity_in_the_Public_Realm" title="Commission for Diversity in the Public Realm">Commission for Diversity in the Public Realm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ending_Qualified_Immunity_Act" title="Ending Qualified Immunity Act">Ending Qualified Immunity Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_Justice_in_Policing_Act" title="George Floyd Justice in Policing Act">George Floyd Justice in Policing Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_Law_Enforcement_Trust_and_Integrity_Act" title="George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act">George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAFE-T_Act" title="SAFE-T Act">Safety, Accountability, Fairness and Equity-Today Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_police_reforms_related_to_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of police reforms related to the George Floyd protests">List of police reforms related to the George Floyd protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">Groups associated<br />with opposition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Lives_Matter" title="All Lives Matter">All Lives Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">Alt-right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Guns_Matter" title="Black Guns Matter">Black Guns Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Lives_Matter" title="Blue Lives Matter">Blue Lives Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Front" title="Patriot Front">Patriot Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_and_Black_Lives_Matter" title="Russia and Black Lives Matter">Russian disinformation campaigns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">Trump administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Citizens%27_Alarm" title="United Citizens' Alarm">United Citizens' Alarm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Lives_Matter" title="White Lives Matter">White Lives Matter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#eeeeee;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_deployment_of_federal_forces_in_the_United_States" title="2020 deployment of federal forces in the United States">2020 deployment of federal forces in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932023_United_States_racial_unrest" class="mw-redirect" title="2020–2023 United States racial unrest">2020–2023 United States racial unrest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_incidents_and_protests_of_the_2020%E2%80%932023_United_States_racial_unrest" class="mw-redirect" title="List of incidents and protests of the 2020–2023 United States racial unrest">list of incidents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_Plaza" title="Black Lives Matter Plaza">Black Lives Matter Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_maternal_mortality_in_the_United_States" title="Black maternal mortality in the United States">Black maternal mortality in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_stereotype_of_African_Americans" title="Criminal stereotype of African Americans">Criminal stereotype of African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defund_the_police" title="Defund the police">Defund the police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_while_black" title="Driving while black">Driving while black</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Running_while_Black" title="Running while Black">Running while Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopping_while_black" title="Shopping while black">shopping while black</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferguson_effect" title="Ferguson effect">Ferguson effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_Square" title="George Floyd Square">George Floyd Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hands_up,_don%27t_shoot" title="Hands up, don't shoot">Hands up, don't shoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_can%27t_breathe" title="I can't breathe">I can't breathe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._national_anthem_kneeling_protests" title="U.S. national anthem kneeling protests">National anthem protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_brutality_against_Native_Americans#Native_Lives_Matter" title="Police brutality against Native Americans">Native Lives Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_justice,_no_peace" title="No justice, no peace">No justice, no peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_abolition_movement" title="Police abolition movement">Police abolition movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Minneapolis_Question_2" title="2021 Minneapolis Question 2">2021 Minneapolis Question 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_accountability" title="Police accountability">Police accountability</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_wall_of_silence" title="Blue wall of silence">blue wall of silence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_cop" class="mw-redirect" title="Gypsy cop">gypsy cops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_perjury" title="Police perjury">police perjury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualified_immunity" title="Qualified immunity">qualified immunity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_brutality_in_the_United_States" title="Police brutality in the United States">Police brutality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Militarization_of_police#21st_Century" title="Militarization of police">militarization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_compliance" title="Pain compliance">pain compliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_use_of_deadly_force_in_the_United_States" title="Police use of deadly force in the United States">use of deadly force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_torture_by_police_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Use of torture by police in the United States">use of torture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_misconduct" title="Police misconduct">Police misconduct</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/False_arrest#United_States" title="False arrest">false arrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_profiling_in_the_United_States" title="Racial profiling in the United States">racial profiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticket_quota" title="Ticket quota">ticket quota</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_bias_in_criminal_news_in_the_United_States" title="Racial bias in criminal news in the United States">Racial bias in criminal news</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rest_in_power" title="Rest in power">Rest in power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_the_Boards" title="Save the Boards">Save the Boards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taking_the_knee" title="Taking the knee">Taking the knee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_stop" title="Terry stop"><i>Terry</i> stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_talk_(racism_in_the_United_States)" title="The talk (racism in the United States)">The talk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woke" title="Woke">Woke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#eeeeee;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Black_Lives_Matter" title="Category:Black Lives Matter">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&oldid=1258411864">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&oldid=1258411864</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2015_in_Ohio" title="Category:2015 in Ohio">2015 in Ohio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2015_controversies_in_the_United_States" title="Category:2015 controversies in the United States">2015 controversies in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2010s_in_Cincinnati" title="Category:2010s in Cincinnati">2010s in Cincinnati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American_history_in_Cincinnati" title="Category:African-American history in Cincinnati">African-American history in Cincinnati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American-related_controversies" title="Category:African-American-related controversies">African-American-related controversies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deaths_by_firearm_in_Ohio" title="Category:Deaths by firearm in Ohio">Deaths by firearm in Ohio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Law_enforcement_in_Ohio" title="Category:Law enforcement in Ohio">Law enforcement in Ohio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Law_enforcement_controversies_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Law enforcement controversies in the United States">Law enforcement controversies in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African_Americans_shot_dead_by_law_enforcement_officers_in_the_United_States" title="Category:African Americans shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States">African Americans shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Protests_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Protests in the United States">Protests in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Race_and_crime_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Race and crime in the United States">Race and crime in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_and_college_police_forces_of_the_United_States" title="Category:University and college police forces of the United States">University and college police forces of the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Cincinnati" title="Category:University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crimes_in_Cincinnati" title="Category:Crimes in Cincinnati">Crimes in Cincinnati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Black_Lives_Matter" title="Category:Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Filmed_killings_by_law_enforcement" title="Category:Filmed killings by law enforcement">Filmed killings by law enforcement</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:July_2015_crimes_in_the_United_States" title="Category:July 2015 crimes in the United States">July 2015 crimes in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:July_2015_events_in_the_United_States" title="Category:July 2015 events in the United States">July 2015 events in the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_January_2016" title="Category:Use mdy dates from January 2016">Use mdy dates from January 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 November 2024, at 15:53<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7zwfr","wgBackendResponseTime":163,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.830","walltime":"1.002","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6009,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":197162,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5175,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":237236,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 837.704 1 -total"," 43.27% 362.492 1 Template:Reflist"," 34.50% 289.014 58 Template:Cite_news"," 12.88% 107.931 1 Template:Black_Lives_Matter"," 10.57% 88.540 1 Template:Infobox_news_event"," 10.17% 85.211 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.74% 48.075 1 Template:External_media"," 5.53% 46.339 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.12% 42.861 1 Template:Infobox"," 4.25% 35.593 1 Template:Wikinews"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.473","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8719211,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-vgd46","timestamp":"20241122150951","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Killing of Samuel DuBose","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Killing_of_Samuel_DuBose","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q21016180","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q21016180","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-07-29T22:59:34Z","dateModified":"2024-11-19T15:53:07Z","headline":"Cincinnati, Ohio police shooting"}</script> </body> </html>