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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2009 event</div> <p> Several teachers and principals in the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Public_Schools" title="Atlanta Public Schools">Atlanta Public Schools</a> (APS) <a href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">district</a> cheated on state-administered <a href="/wiki/Standardized_test" title="Standardized test">standardized tests</a> in 2009. The scandal was exposed and the subsequent trial in 2014–2015 saw national attention. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Public_Schools_cheating_scandal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution" title="The Atlanta Journal-Constitution">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a></i> published analyses of <a href="/wiki/Criterion-Referenced_Competency_Tests" title="Criterion-Referenced Competency Tests">Criterion-Referenced Competency Tests</a> (CRCT) results which showed statistically unlikely test scores, including extraordinary gains or losses in a single year.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An investigation by the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Georgia Bureau of Investigation">Georgia Bureau of Investigation</a> (GBI) released in July 2011 indicated that 44 out of 56 schools cheated on the 2009 CRCT.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One hundred and seventy-eight educators were implicated in correcting answers entered by students.<sup id="cite_ref-csm_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csm-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these, 35 educators were indicted and all but 12 took plea deals; the remaining 12 went to trial.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The size of the scandal has been described as one of the largest in United States education history.<sup id="cite_ref-csm_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csm-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-usnews_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usnews-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The scandal thrust the debate over using <a href="/wiki/High-stakes_testing" title="High-stakes testing">high-stakes testing</a> to hold educators accountable, mandated by the 2001 <a href="/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act" title="No Child Left Behind Act">No Child Left Behind Act</a>, into the national spotlight.<sup id="cite_ref-debate_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-debate-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teachers who confessed to cheating blamed "inordinate pressure" to meet targets set by the district and said they faced severe consequences such as a negative evaluation or termination if they didn't.<sup id="cite_ref-debate_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-debate-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the scandal, the APS had been lauded for making significant gains in standardized test scores. Between 2002 and 2009, eighth-graders' scores on the <a href="/wiki/National_Assessment_of_Educational_Progress" title="National Assessment of Educational Progress">National Assessment of Educational Progress</a> reading test jumped 14 points, the highest of any urban area.<sup id="cite_ref-usnews_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usnews-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Superintendent <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hall" title="Beverly Hall">Beverly Hall</a>, who served from 1999 to 2010, was named Superintendent of the Year in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The GBI's report said Hall "knew or should have known" about the scandal.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hall's lawyer has denied she had any knowledge of cheating practices.<sup id="cite_ref-usnews_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usnews-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, she was indicted in relation to her role in the matter.<sup id="cite_ref-wsbtv2013_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsbtv2013-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trial">Trial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Public_Schools_cheating_scandal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Trial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The trial began on September 29, 2014, presided over by Fulton County Superior Court Judge Jerry Baxter. It was the longest criminal trial in Georgia history, lasting eight months.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lead prosecutor was <a href="/wiki/Fani_Willis" title="Fani Willis">Fani Willis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the end of the trial, the superintendent at the center of the scandal, Beverly Hall, died of breast cancer, aged 68.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 1, 2015, eleven of the twelve defendants were convicted on <a href="/wiki/Racketeering" title="Racketeering">racketeering</a> charges under the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_RICO_(Racketeer_Influenced_and_Corrupt_Organizations)_Act" title="Georgia RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations) Act">Georgia RICO Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One teacher was found not guilty on all charges.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nine of the 11 educators convicted of racketeering appealed. Two of those nine went directly to the appeals court, lost, and reported for prison in October 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Art_&_adaptation"><span id="Art_.26_adaptation"></span>Art & adaptation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Public_Schools_cheating_scandal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Art & adaptation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wrong_Answer"><i>Wrong Answer</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Public_Schools_cheating_scandal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Wrong Answer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Coogler" title="Ryan Coogler">Ryan Coogler</a> will work with <a href="/wiki/Michael_B._Jordan" title="Michael B. Jordan">Michael B. Jordan</a> for a fourth time in the upcoming film <i>Wrong Answer</i>, based on the Atlanta Public Schools cheating scandal.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ranked"><i>Ranked</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Public_Schools_cheating_scandal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ranked"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Atlanta Public Schools cheating scandal was an inspiration for <a href="/wiki/Ranked_(musical)" title="Ranked (musical)"><i>Ranked</i></a>, a musical about academic pressure in school. Kyle Holmes (book) and David Taylor Gomes (music & lyrics) cite the scandal as one of their main inspirations for a storyline that featured adults cheating on behalf of students.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The show opened at <a href="/wiki/Granite_Bay_High_School" title="Granite Bay High School">Granite Bay High School</a> three weeks after <a href="/wiki/Operation_Varsity_Blues" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Varsity Blues">Operation Varsity Blues</a> charges were made public. The timing of the musical's debut in relation to the scandal was serendipitous, and earned the high school national attention.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Public_Schools_cheating_scandal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVogellPerry2009" class="citation news cs1">Vogell, Heather; Perry, John (October 19, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajc.com/news/local/are-drastic-swings-crct-scores-valid/1uNxbbiLUZjvYQx6gMkyyN/">"Are drastic swings in CRCT scores valid?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Journal-Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta Journal-Constitution">Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft.atitle=Are+drastic+swings+in+CRCT+scores+valid%3F&rft.date=2009-10-19&rft.aulast=Vogell&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.au=Perry%2C+John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fare-drastic-swings-crct-scores-valid%2F1uNxbbiLUZjvYQx6gMkyyN%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-washpost-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-washpost_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-washpost_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlock2011" class="citation news cs1">Flock, Elizabeth (July 11, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/aps-atlanta-public-schools-embroiled-in-cheating-scandal/2011/07/11/gIQAJl9m8H_blog.html">"APS (Atlanta public schools) embroiled in cheating scandal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+News&rft.atitle=Educators+Implicated+in+Atlanta+Cheating+Scandal&rft.date=2011-07-07&rft.aulast=Koebler&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Feducation%2Fblogs%2Fhigh-school-notes%2F2011%2F07%2F07%2Feducators-implicated-in-atlanta-cheating-scandal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-debate-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-debate_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-debate_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarrio2011" class="citation news cs1">Sarrio, Jaime (July 10, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajc.com/news/local/cheating-scandal-adds-fuel-debate-over-high-stakes-tests/oNm5hJVVzuPnvsFQa8fJBN/">"Cheating scandal adds fuel to debate over high-stakes tests"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution" title="The Atlanta Journal-Constitution">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft.atitle=Cheating+scandal+adds+fuel+to+debate+over+high-stakes+tests&rft.date=2011-07-10&rft.aulast=Sarrio&rft.aufirst=Jaime&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fcheating-scandal-adds-fuel-debate-over-high-stakes-tests%2FoNm5hJVVzuPnvsFQa8fJBN%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVogell2010" class="citation news cs1">Vogell, Heather (November 20, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajc.com/news/local/atlanta-superintendent-beverly-hall-step-down/3POMW0lkhaOJgLVEf43S0H/">"Atlanta superintendent Beverly Hall to step down"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution" title="The Atlanta Journal-Constitution">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft.atitle=Atlanta+superintendent+Beverly+Hall+to+step+down&rft.date=2010-11-20&rft.aulast=Vogell&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fatlanta-superintendent-beverly-hall-step-down%2F3POMW0lkhaOJgLVEf43S0H%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsbtv2013-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wsbtv2013_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Staff report (March 29, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsbtv.com/news/news/special-reports/grand-jury-aps-cheating-indictments/nW7Lg/">Ex-APS Superintendent Beverly Hall, others indicted.</a> <a href="/wiki/WSBTV" class="mw-redirect" title="WSBTV">WSBTV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinsonSimonton2019" class="citation book cs1">Robinson, Shani; Simonton, Anna (2019). <i>None of the Above: The Untold Story of the Atlanta Public Schools Cheating Scandal, Corporate Greed, and the Criminalization of Educators</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbs46.com/story/28700319/dessa-curb-only-educator-found-not-guilty-in-aps-cheating-trial">the original</a> on April 4, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cbs46.com&rft.atitle=Dessa+Curb+only+educator+found+not+guilty+in+APS+cheating+trial&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Rodney+Harris%2C+Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbs46.com%2Fstory%2F28700319%2Fdessa-curb-only-educator-found-not-guilty-in-aps-cheating-trial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCray2019" class="citation web cs1">McCray, Vanessa (January 24, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ajc.com/news/local-education/six-seeking-aps-cheating-case-retrial-want-new-judge/7Z3IdHJCMg12QfEhaCDpEO/">"Judge in APS cheating trial to remain on case as six seek retrial"</a>. <i>The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft.atitle=Judge+in+APS+cheating+trial+to+remain+on+case+as+six+seek+retrial&rft.date=2019-01-24&rft.aulast=McCray&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-education%2Fsix-seeking-aps-cheating-case-retrial-want-new-judge%2F7Z3IdHJCMg12QfEhaCDpEO%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDockterman2015" class="citation web cs1">Dockterman, Eliana (November 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4128234/creed-director-ryan-coogler-michael-b-jordan/">"Creed Director Ryan Coogler on His Chemistry With Michael B. Jordan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Creed+Director+Ryan+Coogler+on+His+Chemistry+With+Michael+B.+Jordan&rft.pub=Time&rft.date=2015-11-27&rft.aulast=Dockterman&rft.aufirst=Eliana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4128234%2Fcreed-director-ryan-coogler-michael-b-jordan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNary2017" class="citation web cs1">McNary, Dave (June 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2017/film/news/michael-b-jordan-ryan-coogler-wrong-answer-1202457635/">"Michael B. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Michael+B.+Jordan%2C+Ryan+Coogler+to+Reteam+on+Education+Scandal+Movie+%27Wrong+Answer%27&rft.date=2017-06-07&rft.aulast=McNary&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2017%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fmichael-b-jordan-ryan-coogler-wrong-answer-1202457635%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsreview.com/sacramento/testing-the-limits/content?oid=27958724">"Testing the limits - Stage Pick of the Week - Arts&Culture - April 4, 2019"</a>. <i>Sacramento News & Review</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=A+Dystopian+High+School+Musical+Foresaw+The+College+Admissions+Scandal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2019%2F04%2F12%2F711931714%2Fhigh-school-musical-explores-themes-from-the-college-admissions-scandal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtlanta+Public+Schools+cheating+scandal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Public_Schools_cheating_scandal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajc.com/news/school-test-scores/">"Cheating Our Children"</a> on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution" title="The Atlanta Journal-Constitution">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nonpartisaneducation.org/Review/Essays/v7n5.htm">Educators Cheating on Tests Not New; Doing Something About it Would be, Richard P. Phelps</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nonpartisaneducation.org/Review/Essays/v7n7.htm">The Atlanta Scandal: Teaching in “A Culture of Fear, Intimidation and Retaliation”, Erich Martel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.democracynow.org/2019/2/13/atlanta_school_cheating_scandal_the_untold">Atlanta School Cheating Scandal: The Untold Story of Corporate Greed and Criminalization of Teachers</a> on <a href="/wiki/Democracy_Now!" title="Democracy Now!">Democracy Now!</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Historic_districts_in_Atlanta" title="Category:Historic districts in Atlanta">Historic districts</a></li> <li><i>Buildings listed on National Register</i>: <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fulton_County,_Georgia" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, Georgia">(Atlanta in Fulton Co.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_DeKalb_County,_Georgia" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in DeKalb County, Georgia">(Atlanta in DeKalb Co.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Demolished_buildings_and_structures_in_Atlanta" title="Category:Demolished buildings and structures in Atlanta">Demolished buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolished_public_housing_projects_in_Atlanta" title="Demolished public housing projects in Atlanta">Demolished public housing projects</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Atlanta in the American Civil War">Civil War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_campaign" title="Atlanta campaign">Atlanta campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kennesaw_Mountain" title="Battle of Kennesaw Mountain">Kennesaw Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peachtree_Creek" title="Battle of Peachtree Creek">Peachtree Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Atlanta" title="Battle of Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ezra_Church" title="Battle of Ezra Church">Ezra Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Utoy_Creek" title="Battle of Utoy Creek">Utoy Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jonesborough" title="Battle of Jonesborough">Jonesborough</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Mountain" title="Stone Mountain">Stone Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1906_Atlanta_race_massacre" title="1906 Atlanta race massacre">Race massacre</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Ripper" title="Atlanta Ripper">Ripper</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Frank" title="Leo Frank">Leo Frank lynching</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Benevolent_Congregation_Temple_bombing" title="Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple bombing">Temple bombing</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta%27s_Berlin_Wall" title="Atlanta's Berlin Wall">Peyton Road affair</a> (1962–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_murders_of_1979%E2%80%931981" title="Atlanta murders of 1979–1981">Child murders</a> (1979–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_prison_riots" title="Atlanta prison riots">Prison riots</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Olympic_Park_bombing" title="Centennial Olympic Park bombing">Centennial Olympic Park bombing</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otherside_Lounge_bombing" title="Otherside Lounge bombing">Otherside Lounge bombing</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Atlanta_day_trading_firm_shootings" title="1999 Atlanta day trading firm shootings">Day trading firm shootings</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Kathryn_Johnston" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of Kathryn Johnston">Shooting of Kathryn Johnston</a> (2006)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Public schools cheating scandal</a> (2009–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Scout_Schultz" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of Scout Schultz">Shooting of Scout Schultz</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_government_ransomware_attack" title="Atlanta government ransomware attack">Ransomware attack</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Rayshard_Brooks" title="Killing of Rayshard Brooks">Killing of Rayshard Brooks</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Atlanta_spa_shootings" title="2021 Atlanta spa shootings">Spa shootings</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Atlanta_shooting" title="2023 Atlanta shooting">Northside Hospital shooting</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opera_in_Atlanta" title="Opera in Atlanta">Opera in Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_in_Atlanta" title="Arts in Atlanta">Arts in Atlanta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disasters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Atlanta_fire_of_1917" title="Great Atlanta fire of 1917">Great Atlanta Fire</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winecoff_Hotel_fire" title="Winecoff Hotel fire">Winecoff Hotel fire</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_France_Flight_007" title="Air France Flight 007">Air France Flight 007 crash</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peachtree_25th_Building_fire" title="Peachtree 25th Building fire">Peachtree 25th Building fire</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluffton_University_bus_crash" title="Bluffton University bus crash">Bluffton University bus crash</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Atlanta_tornado_outbreak" title="2008 Atlanta tornado outbreak">Tornado strikes downtown</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_85_bridge_collapse" title="Interstate 85 bridge collapse">Interstate 85 bridge collapse</a> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Atlanta" title="Timeline of Atlanta">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cotton_Exposition" title="International Cotton Exposition">International Cotton Exposition</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Exposition" title="Piedmont Exposition">Piedmont Exposition</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_States_and_International_Exposition" title="Cotton States and International Exposition">Cotton States and International Exposition</a> (1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)"><i>Gone with the Wind</i> premiere</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Funeral of Martin Luther King Jr.">Funeral of Martin Luther King Jr.</a> (1968)</li> <li>Atlanta International Pop Festival (<a href="/wiki/Atlanta_International_Pop_Festival_(1969)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta International Pop Festival (1969)">1969</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_International_Pop_Festival_(1970)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta International Pop Festival (1970)">1970</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1988 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXVIII" title="Super Bowl XXVIII">Super Bowl XXVIII</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> (<a href="/wiki/1991_World_Series" title="1991 World Series">1991</a>, <a href="/wiki/1992_World_Series" title="1992 World Series">1992</a>, <a href="/wiki/1995_World_Series" title="1995 World Series">1995</a>, <a href="/wiki/1996_World_Series" title="1996 World Series">1996</a>, <a href="/wiki/1999_World_Series" title="1999 World Series">1999</a>, <a href="/wiki/2021_World_Series" title="2021 World Series">2021</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">Summer Olympics</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_XXVII" title="WrestleMania XXVII">WrestleMania XXVII</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIII" title="Super Bowl LIII">Super Bowl LIII</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Labor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1881_Atlanta_washerwomen_strike" title="1881 Atlanta washerwomen strike">Washerwomen strike</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914%E2%80%931915_Fulton_Bag_and_Cotton_Mills_strike" title="1914–1915 Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills strike">Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills strike</a> (1914–1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Atlanta_streetcar_strike" title="1916 Atlanta streetcar strike">Streetcar strike</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Atlanta_transit_strike" title="1950 Atlanta transit strike">Transit strike</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964%E2%80%931965_Scripto_strike" title="1964–1965 Scripto strike">Scripto strike</a> (1964–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Atlanta_sanitation_strike" title="1977 Atlanta sanitation strike">Sanitation strike</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Atlanta_sanitation_strike" title="2018 Atlanta sanitation strike">Sanitation strike</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_DeKalb_County_School_District_bus_drivers%27_strike" title="2018 DeKalb County School District bus drivers' strike">School bus drivers' strike</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">LGBT</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Public_Library_perversion_case" title="Atlanta Public Library perversion case">Library perversion case</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonesome_Cowboys_police_raid" title="Lonesome Cowboys police raid"><i>Lonesome Cowboys</i> police raid</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Pride" title="Atlanta Pride">Atlanta Pride</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Eagle_police_raid" title="Atlanta Eagle police raid">Atlanta Eagle police raid</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Atlanta" title="List of people from Atlanta">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Atlanta" title="List of mayors of Atlanta">Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pioneers_of_Atlanta" title="Category:Pioneers of Atlanta">Pioneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_communities_in_Metro_Atlanta" title="Hispanic and Latino communities in Metro Atlanta">History of Hispanics in Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Atlanta" title="African Americans in Atlanta">History of African Americans in Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Atlanta" title="Demographics of Atlanta">Demographic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentrification_of_Atlanta" title="Gentrification of Atlanta">Gentrification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_Atlanta" title="Racial segregation in Atlanta">Racial segregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Atlanta" title="History of the Jews in Atlanta">History of the Jews in Atlanta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Atlanta" title="Neighborhoods in Atlanta">History by neighborhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_neighborhoods_of_Atlanta" title="Category:Former neighborhoods of Atlanta">Former neighborhoods and settlements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_annexations_and_wards" title="Atlanta 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