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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-東亞的印章" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#東亞的印章"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>東亞的印章</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-東亞的印章-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-西方的印章" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#西方的印章"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>西方的印章</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-西方的印章-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-印戒" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#印戒"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>印戒</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-印戒-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-备注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#备注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>备注</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-备注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">印章</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。64种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegel" title="Siegel – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Siegel" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%85" title="ختم – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ختم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пячатка – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пячатка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Печат (приспособление) – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Печат (приспособление)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0_(%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0)" title="মোহর (সীলমোহর) – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মোহর (সীলমোহর)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C4%8Dat" title="Pečat – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pečat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segell_(autenticaci%C3%B3)" title="Segell (autenticació) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Segell (autenticació)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C4%8De%C5%A5" title="Pečeť – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pečeť" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segl_(m%C3%A6rke)" title="Segl (mærke) – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Segl (mærke)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegel" title="Siegel – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Siegel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Σφραγίδα – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σφραγίδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_(emblem)" title="Seal (emblem) – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Seal (emblem)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigelo" title="Sigelo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sigelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sello_(cu%C3%B1o)" title="Sello (cuño) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sello (cuño)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitsat" title="Pitsat – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pitsat" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zigilu_(egiaztagiria)" title="Zigilu (egiaztagiria) – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zigilu (egiaztagiria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1_(%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA)" title="مهر (علامت) – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهر (علامت)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinetti" title="Sinetti – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sinetti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sceau" title="Sceau – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sceau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9ala_(suaitheantas)" title="Séala (suaitheantas) – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Séala (suaitheantas)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seula" title="Seula – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Seula" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%9D" title="חותם – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חותם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0_(%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9)" title="मोहर (चिन्ह) – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मोहर (चिन्ह)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C4%8Dat" title="Pečat – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pečat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecs%C3%A9t" title="Pecsét – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pecsét" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%AB%D6%84" title="Հավաստագրման կնիք – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հավաստագրման կնիք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap" title="Cap – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innsigli" title="Innsigli – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Innsigli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigillo" title="Sigillo – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sigillo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" title="印章 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="印章" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D1%80" title="Мөр – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мөр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86" title="ಮುದ್ರೆ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮುದ್ರೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9E%A5" title="도장 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80" title="Мөөр – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мөөр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kas%C9%9B%CC%81" title="Kasɛ́ – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kasɛ́" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antspaudas" title="Antspaudas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Antspaudas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%ABmogs" title="Zīmogs – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zīmogs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Тамга – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тамга" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap" title="Cap – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zegel_(waarmerk)" title="Zegel (waarmerk) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zegel (waarmerk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigill" title="Sigill – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sigill" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segl" title="Segl – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Segl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sag%C3%A8th" title="Sagèth – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sagèth" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%B0_(%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B9)" title="ਮੋਹਰ (ਚਿੰਨ੍ਹ) – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੋਹਰ (ਚਿੰਨ੍ਹ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piecz%C4%99%C4%87" title="Pieczęć – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pieczęć" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%81%D8%B1" title="مہر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مہر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinete" title="Sinete – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sinete" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigiliu" title="Sigiliu – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sigiliu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Удостоверяющая печать – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Удостоверяющая печать" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C4%8Dat" title="Pečat – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pečat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_(device)" title="Seal (device) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Seal (device)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C4%8Da%C5%A5" title="Pečať – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pečať" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C4%8Dat" title="Pečat – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pečat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vula" title="Vula – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vula" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Печат – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Печат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigill" title="Sigill – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sigill" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCh%C3%BCr" title="Mühür – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mühür" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Гербова печатка – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гербова печатка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhr_(bosma_shakl)" title="Muhr (bosma shakl) – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Muhr (bosma shakl)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezi%C5%82o_(ojeto)" title="Seziło (ojeto) – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Seziło (ojeto)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_d%E1%BA%A5u" title="Con dấu – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Con dấu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%92%D7%9C" title="זיגל – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זיגל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" title="印章 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="印章" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E7%AB%A0" title="圖章 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="圖章" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q162919#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" 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href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&oldid=81821988" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&id=81821988&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258D%25B0%25E7%25AB%25A0"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258D%25B0%25E7%25AB%25A0"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Seal_(device)" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q162919" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A2%E5%8D%B0&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="钢印">钢印</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>关于东亚的印章，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0_(%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E)" title="印章 (東亞)">印章 (东亚)</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2017年12月12日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0%22">"印章"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%94%BE%E6%83%85%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%B0.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%E6%94%BE%E6%83%85%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%B0.png/220px-%E6%94%BE%E6%83%85%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%B0.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%E6%94%BE%E6%83%85%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%B0.png/330px-%E6%94%BE%E6%83%85%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%B0.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%E6%94%BE%E6%83%85%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%B0.png/440px-%E6%94%BE%E6%83%85%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%B0.png 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="999" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E7%9A%8B%E5%BF%83%E8%B6%8A" title="東皋心越">東皋心越</a>刻放情物外印</figcaption></figure> <p><b>印章</b>是用作印於<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="文件">文件</a>上表示鑑定或<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B0%BD%E7%BD%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="簽署（页面不存在）">簽署</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%85%B7" title="文具">文具</a>，一般印章會先沾上<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9C%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="颜料">顏料</a>再印上，有些是印於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A0%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="蠟">蠟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E6%B3%A5" title="封泥">封泥</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%BC%86" title="火漆">火漆</a>上。不沾顏料，压印于<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B8%E5%BC%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="纸张">纸张</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2_(%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6)" title="平面 (数学)">平面</a>後會呈現<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%B9%E5%87%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凹凸（页面不存在）">凹凸</a>的稱為<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A2%E5%8D%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="钢印">钢印</a>。印章的法律效力，各国法律有不同规定。<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="政府">政府</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="公司">公司</a>等各类组织使用的印章在台灣被称之为<b>印信</b>，在中国大陆被稱之為<b>公章</b>。 </p><p>在一些有印章文化的地方（如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="中国大陆">中国大陆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣">台灣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>等），伪造具有法律效用的印信属于犯罪<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。个人使用的印章可称为<b>私章</b>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="東亞的印章"><span id=".E6.9D.B1.E4.BA.9E.E7.9A.84.E5.8D.B0.E7.AB.A0"></span>東亞的印章</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：東亞的印章"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0_(%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E)" title="印章 (東亞)">印章 (東亞)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siegel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Siegel.jpg/180px-Siegel.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Siegel.jpg/270px-Siegel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Siegel.jpg/360px-Siegel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption>信封上的蠟印</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A" title="东亚">东亚</a>地区所使用的印章，作为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="中华文化">中华文化</a>的代表之一。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="西方的印章"><span id=".E8.A5.BF.E6.96.B9.E7.9A.84.E5.8D.B0.E7.AB.A0"></span>西方的印章</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：西方的印章"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Loudoun_Castle_wax_seal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Loudoun_Castle_wax_seal.jpg/180px-Loudoun_Castle_wax_seal.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Loudoun_Castle_wax_seal.jpg/270px-Loudoun_Castle_wax_seal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Loudoun_Castle_wax_seal.jpg/360px-Loudoun_Castle_wax_seal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="688" /></a><figcaption>一封发自<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a>的信件上的印章</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P144_Great_Seal_of_Charles_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/P144_Great_Seal_of_Charles_I.jpg/180px-P144_Great_Seal_of_Charles_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/P144_Great_Seal_of_Charles_I.jpg/270px-P144_Great_Seal_of_Charles_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/P144_Great_Seal_of_Charles_I.jpg/360px-P144_Great_Seal_of_Charles_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1221" data-file-height="587" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="查理一世 (英國)">查理一世</a>的印章</figcaption></figure> <p>早在印刷未普及的年代，西方国家应用最广的的铜或其它金属制做的印章。十九世纪开始由于橡胶的广泛应用，一种以橡胶作文字图案印面而配以木制手柄的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%A1%E7%9A%AE%E5%9C%96%E7%AB%A0" title="橡皮圖章">橡皮圖章</a>因而面世。由于其低廉的价格，容易掌握且成本不高的倒模方法，直接将印章普及化。由十九世纪初橡胶面世直到1892年，单单在美国，生产及经销橡胶印章的店家就达到4,000家的惊人数字。 </p><p>在机器印刷及家用打印机非常普及的现代，装饰性图案橡胶图章作为一种手工兴趣，依然活跃于市场中，并未受到淘汰。印章制作和应运而生的自制贺卡周边产品在各国畅销，甚至影响了亚洲各国。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="印戒"><span id=".E5.8D.B0.E6.88.92"></span>印戒</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：印戒"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baronnet-signet-ring.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Baronnet-signet-ring.JPG/180px-Baronnet-signet-ring.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Baronnet-signet-ring.JPG/270px-Baronnet-signet-ring.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Baronnet-signet-ring.JPG/360px-Baronnet-signet-ring.JPG 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="718" /></a><figcaption>有佩带徽章资格者的印戒</figcaption></figure> <p><b>印戒</b>是用来作为印章使用的<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%92%E6%8C%87" title="戒指">戒指</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0_(%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E)" title="印章 (東亞)">印章 (東亞)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%BE%E7%AD%92%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="滾筒印章">滾筒印章</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%AE%E6%88%B3" title="邮戳">邮戳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E7%8E%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="玉玺">玉玺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E6%B3%A5" title="印泥">印泥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E7%B0%BD%E5%90%8D" title="電子簽名">電子簽名</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Equestrian seal" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Equestrian seal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_seal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Equestrian seal（页面不存在）">Equestrian seal</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equestrian_seal" class="extiw" title="en:Equestrian seal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Equestrian seal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="备注"><span id=".E5.A4.87.E6.B3.A8"></span>备注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：备注"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95" title="中华人民共和国刑法">中华人民共和国刑法</a>》第六章妨害社会管理秩序罪.第一节扰乱公共秩序罪.第二百八十条伪造、变造、买卖或者盗窃、抢夺、毁灭国家机关的公文、证件、印章的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利；情节严重的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。伪造公司、企业、事业单位、人民团体的印章的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95" title="中華民國刑法">中華民國刑法</a>》第 217 條偽造印章、印文或署押，足以生損害於公眾或他人者，處三年以下有期徒刑。盜用印章、印文或署押，足以生損害於公眾或他人者，亦同。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E7%BD%AA%E8%A1%8C%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刑事罪行條例（页面不存在）">刑事罪行條例</a>》（香港法例第200章）第76條製造或管有用作製造虛假文書的設備的罪行 (1)任何人知道任何機器、器具、紙張或其他物料有特別設計或改裝或曾作特別設計或改裝以用作製造任何文書，而製造、保管或控制該機器、器具、紙張或其他物料，意圖由其本人或他人製造虛假文書以藉使用該虛假文書而誘使另一人接受該文書為真文書，並因接受該文書為真文書而作出或不作某些作為，以致對該另一人或其他人不利，則該名首述的人即屬犯罪，一經循公訴程序定罪，可處監禁14年。 (2)任何人知道任何機器、器具、紙張或其他物料有特別設計或改裝或曾作特別設計或改裝以用作製造任何虛假文書，而在無合法權限或辯解下製造、保管或控制該機器、器具、紙張或其他物料，即屬犯罪，一經循公訴程序定罪，可處監禁3年。 Cap. 200 Crimes Ordinance 76.The offence of making or possessing equipment for making a false instrument (1)A person who makes or has in his custody or under his control a machine or implement, or any paper or other material, which to his knowledge is or has been specially designed or adapted for the making of any instrument, with the intention that he or another shall make a false instrument and that he or another shall use that false instrument to induce somebody to accept it as genuine, and by reason of so accepting it to do or not to do some act to his own or any other person’s prejudice, commits an offence and is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for 14 years. (2)A person who, without lawful authority or excuse, makes or has in his custody or under his control a machine or implement, or any paper or other material, which to his knowledge is or has been specially designed or adapted for the making of any false instrument, commits an offence and is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for 3 years.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=C0000001&flno=217">全國法規資料庫</a>. 中華民國刑法第 217 條. 中華民國法務部. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-12-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121010922/https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=C0000001&flno=217">存档</a>于2021-01-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&rft.atitle=%E5%85%A8%E5%9C%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%A6%8F%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%BA%AB&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95%E7%AC%AC+217+%E6%A2%9D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.moj.gov.tw%2FLawClass%2FLawSingle.aspx%3Fpcode%3DC0000001%26flno%3D217&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cap. 200 Crimes Ordinance <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.elegislation.gov.hk/hk/cap200!en?INDEX_CS=N&xpid=ID_1438402822411_003">https://www.elegislation.gov.hk/hk/cap200!en?INDEX_CS=N&xpid=ID_1438402822411_003</a> |dead-url=no</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> 本條目包含已處於<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%A0%98%E5%9F%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="公共領域">公共領域</a>的<cite id="CITEREFHerbert_Thurston1913" class="citation encyclopaedia">Herbert Thurston. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Seal" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Seal">Seal</a>. Herbermann, Charles (编). <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8" title="天主教百科全書">天主教百科全書</a>. Robert Appleton Company. 1913.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&rft.atitle=Seal&rft.au=Herbert+Thurston&rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8&rft.date=1913&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right infobox sisterproject" style="width:20em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul 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