CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914a646cfcddfd96',cH: 'hm.tFnhvW8XKQAs8frMZDBph7I69.WaHVNn717QAgAQ-1740011470-1.2.1.1-Mhsz1.DgLl2XBj_V7ZCfZvjdyhYu19NrxuwHXSLs6jXBxABTMA2VnDp9N7uk1HT_',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Kenneth%20Gavin&__cf_chl_tk=FEU1e970ip7phD4KY8nG2TzL7mzwpifda1mw3GMbYJc-1740011470-1.0.1.1-gJKPUGruh.HKi7ShIuIMGkUkiini.eGaI5aIfOWKJO4",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740011470',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Kenneth%20Gavin&__cf_chl_f_tk=FEU1e970ip7phD4KY8nG2TzL7mzwpifda1mw3GMbYJc-1740011470-1.0.1.1-gJKPUGruh.HKi7ShIuIMGkUkiini.eGaI5aIfOWKJO4",md: "SlI1NBodLFVpU5NqrjY07_mkEYtSuemeO6XNAHPRec0-1740011470-1.2.1.1-LrZjl7FoSeafIJAdyHxwQa4_MPctI4xlaHP6F12KjcdWb2cbwZnirforcRfrwJ.nHpgQEDqlKxnDI0QGioXI6G.OJmTTkiIL4cqqzvdhgeh8lwfb_hPDsVBBvCM76TnqCJLJv6U7p5g1pcLEyxWW5KZueQ_GRSYyksN6eQr73niu6unzd46V.UPYlahXphpe_zeiXOtQILreLwIe7wf4xZ6XNKUsOTxAX7qMmET8skxkiGpvE9DG3ReorA_HTg.su7szIxrUMIe9HR1VT9GdELj2qJ.AX7hZeYOyXXY7uLWHuFhctK6B97rs.lWCV_lecoDL5hwHHtXxCwHiUTU2Tgg9VRHN8md3L7izYsRJFxmASkWBQ_fD_leR1J9INpp54f0fZ7IjtrISAMMtSeQZawEDfSw9Y47gxAEV5JAvvo2slNpdro72dQ0G9j.UegMwJYCwjFgwwmfE3ZB7NO8alGLRxvqbT2nUJozMfRKnWVEw.It714I4hEzpiy1j9zPXn2M12rnNndpac1F5PN.FrvJDtAhvsND8xgtnDXW8d7FUcl5MG7GLq_hSdN1Tu_C5sqDlY3OF30.vLU8zN1rqlE75D.P6xCypadHaS3RNBEtgObSQqI23R0EzmX5ZoZelypGYbZ1kQsrzVGJBTa3nqaoigZI9wKFO9GfMTgCtYHU8WfyjhzmzKSPn190hRJcLZYciVz5w6Oh8asMOBOgciRcLsIECjCk0Fvn9VKrSOHN7C3PwwZ9coH4_ATs8EJiqWzuz9PJqeFiL4VvNG4BU59r3l6_1C9_0feQ3_rtb7DTKvtlzS8CoyrwxvEcDB_qiecyKKqE2nvoirJXXZro_cBdtnb9WeVfqtqwpE1KyxJB6bSDNrouqnHGJ7LLHmGzb2dSq_XmSqORXSjUE886rvzmadIS0Xh5noyFoE7j3NfI4_AY5ZtkhfH49TIQk02StpREqE0LXEHP9xumm4pfRdAkubfKP0OnNRTNMELz2rrhnI94tjhgCVgtx..rC_RMZ1MQy5QWUdD31v7N72SfdSSpulhgKrQEMhHeIWrv8UcbMGAPRT2XqgAMDjIWr9JFhHlNaAIuk5Tvl6v8hHR5z4acrc25WzjZ3J6a4MNOpVnqu.rZN98uVH63rLC4wEAlwDFxggD2yBT0JqazeGhOJRuTZSG5006Lnq4W8dw3qTTdR2ZYyeovVnRGF1_nnrV_BU9VCeLcgJDZRoxxspcHOzSrGmFh9ylZ.HPVHubBPCUG_ISK4pNRBEQ.1IzLlbHyB7f6yCht.dYB8LtH3qYvVAq4no3.ELMrNDWMv13AdAwvpNT6bjjNz4J9TC2TKS27ywiYd7O.FfTr0ES7uyMXvY2drdlEw4aWij9fqZLl81LsF95_eI1CxpfFm1gEUilkvL6_rRruciSGELdlk.RIsmG_m8XZWkIvZPN3AT1Vf6FLlj.rBZMfqDO.MnycK14zJBL_FNGP.HB6B7sgXckeDlyu5MP.2JLFdUXgjDQODTsAO603XnnqfgHRERqlbgfV3Eb3fvCLIwP2U55j0jFjm0poBOLkv9zgNf3dCLOdLLEXh1ONB.x0.WZY2nzN8CMNt1J7tHxMYxENKjptBDLS3EG2dJ9ZiIPagw7V2e3OGKS0HNTDc3YrAHGJHsEZaiUqbnKVoS3jai72bqugytPnNjXm_lt5X91HSJ6cEz.Zr4Kl37hzY2f0vSKpu4c6zXfJd8o_mzr4AVO9gPwTDvABZuoKgG.rLWEKmkh2FmptMnqhcmzUe2QghzWNT6k9iQCB5_8LmOrQFHRL3us6Z38GbR5lmk7uYytks1Txk_lZH.tvxPo6vais6kJJaFV9o4gwxnhKe3onnCJSWJ8TskVw7GRth8CuuaEbMl1Xb9uCVXeXpdx6QXxMzKu9DSLBGwPJDMLkv3VYzAhqZxyLeEghBpg_1OFWppkSyDdKTVIOX_go",mdrd: "WchVn0abY6wU1mxSNNs3HHRs5__c19kNV_QdjXuBfE4-1740011470-1.2.1.1-Zqwm4ZFoBpAHvnDHFdfamAMhRTe1hVzBAqZml5FqAZCOwmyJM9XMiCFNsSdyLDosLzhWbFT7Nf.f3VGpCubGeaTHXnO_IN6qMJOWndnHqrK3Wtq.yxGoaGq5Xcggo1KFW_Wnxx8B8i5mUKSsDewHHPgJa49TS_QJVVr3Vep1vBLxKmx2a9LuYPdi6YVOXUKvIJe.MWtB0Vau1KWzq8UvztsrY4SAllmjZkS09sNsLuRr8pZjlMflxZ1IrsIWm4z1aExyhEyUGs_shhoQAWzx9aYSafDL.tr0lUeTsij5TepUJ5azkS9uG8O6vwldlBTm6OMNd3xzS9iQ6tn6y9fGr0S30PJlQTlAATYWrzeORywxDwsdFbV5Hw1JH7GYWOQb6mmEoEWM12g9MCKKMitovk3wyJj5AjX0jWvL4gz7Xy_n1kYtZaA9jIReBPo9kwYdwI5GDZCII45_VEqrg76E0XckDwsyAq1hGLorizwU7NhThH3LxOuALVhMbXGBtxSpLbWWIf2RzVsAGf_KnulBZAzeJyAQOvhKi08cMLwUOqeB9OpHDaJYPsA1Kw8DzaQBrwgDsDUI2eMdcJN._gNtpODLNRF6Qelb4m798u0wv8txw3E5oSa3mnmtVXQgxoU8.yEYVZt3EFE..Lx6FJWzqDtmYRex9VubnjJ._QwbLlQvsRPseEdqqyJ6VcuKBZ3bBWLziezthILer5g4RJ1IAmAuvEI_WTs73Yti1HAI4EdF8H19zVXS1odTw.MMVFiUpN2wPs5.RFFYWhUironnCogK8f8J1dh5oWV8pWxygyDsJe0CIr4nEyOob1NijzFUCmmBqzEhnpV1ub0F6ege6shRp63fQr5_GPt7xCfOS_mfGdzC59XvC1eb1iPNx2FiuyVcpxk.7w7nN43cT2cDVa9WAKFsNBqgMUOS9oa6yxKiyQwExry77SbrqE25OQGOxBSId4tcNitazFK90b5jfx8daRdqRsFaOc6UvrulV7RtdZQlVzIdkS_XtIVhNzAwTVCtVakCNbmJrsqMjlC6a.S_wAjueEEDl84b95LlYJrzCbrE_wFCLg9isID9XI4gOsIqU9zV68T3AhTMGF26qTxYLiZqcRMkR6c4OVtQxRgDtSvuVPtzGZfiH4HfNet4XfJgWDFcIE87dC9qViOUG76og477mGwOQhVLS.Lt_JM9XTLNP9gm3yV7YxF2LzZlDT4AQuvYlBBC5VajaFBy2Z3RB5IGdxnsWBa.K6s.zjt7j_MWvVeO4w5_ySssTS1uzvdtciP.64aLcJyeEwB6O4dugoiDaoAiYc56DoBIBqhqNl6BOMKdMTTCDNsMYvQt6pzJHRQ_514u0xPCnvQj7MG7GEZWwcxuSkxNDC3qkQ3ycTJwQoSxET3_8pf6awvp61ZnMVcRbCA2SiVRA2gE6HfP9C2Mg4kpVUf5eCvk2dGzHXJe8dWWvyVOlz2gl5xUGvEiMdlW5nThzuyxHBp8dl5VBcp.wSX89L95Zl6_pVjc65JLTAp3.iiHvK9ELIqGaaiYaNiWFfvnmxavSKFeYiPdbw2IcdGjkfQJ0dat8h1oOKF5Ad5BYuNf2sXIQu2ejau_09E6yHazzC.cNiPFUckuRxltfqCnZuNdh5wQdr3TFC9uDNAEmmoWvVQ.3aBO5cGXyYar8o_iXTZQaNQl9XudaxYzP9QqlUFTLaXCKifH8QYBK3tAYejbtRtL6deAb9ndXvv62ARCFuDAZzaPx7vRq2l3173yhop3nWQ.MgMajLmqaXx0HniKbkukTyNMgxRQi4UihPywRxR7Mf5Xxd8EwIpyk3S.gUJgQHrdhatXEC4NCyne8TW8WRxqBSLp_18HireZ0pu6JyLGPTBZ1db_wAEpc5DnWOJJ7E0vmKqwMjrcGuJNdpLL4pk7bPgQES9HlXjkcnauk_TuHFs4sJlCXCiYf2VzBQNbpGhW91c"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914a646cfcddfd96';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Kenneth%20Gavin&__cf_chl_rt_tk=FEU1e970ip7phD4KY8nG2TzL7mzwpifda1mw3GMbYJc-1740011470-1.0.1.1-gJKPUGruh.HKi7ShIuIMGkUkiini.eGaI5aIfOWKJO4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>