CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: uncultivated horticultural species</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: uncultivated horticultural species"> <meta name="keywords" content="uncultivated horticultural species"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="uncultivated horticultural species" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="uncultivated horticultural species"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3203</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: uncultivated horticultural species</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3203</span> Diversity and Utilize of Ignored, Underutilized, and Uncommercialized Horticultural Species in Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakriti%20Chand">Prakriti Chand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Binayak%20Prasad%20Rajbhandari"> Binayak Prasad Rajbhandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ram%20Prasad%20Mainali"> Ram Prasad Mainali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Local indigenous community in Lalitpur, Nepal, use Ignored, Underutilized and Uncommercialized Horticultural Species (IUUHS) for medicine, food, spice, pickles, and religious purposes. But, research and exploration about usage, status, potentialities, and importance of these future sustainable crops are inadequately documented and have been ignored for a positive food transformation system. The study aimed to assess the use and diversity of NUWHS in terms of current status investigation, documentation, management, and future potentialities of IUUHS. A wide range of participatory tools through the household survey ( 100 respondents), 8 focus group discussions, 20 key informant interviews was followed by individual assessment, participatory rural assessments and supplemented by literature review. This study recorded 95 IUUHS belonging to 43 families, of which 92 were angiosperms, 2 pteridophytes, and 1 gymnosperm. Twenty seven species had multiple uses. The IUUHS observed during the study were 31 vegetables, 20 fruits, 14 wild species, 7 spices, 7 pulses, 7 pickle, 7 medicine, and 2 religious species. Vegetables and fruits were the most observed category of IUUHS. Eighty nine species were observed as medicinally valued species, and 86% of the women had taken over all the agricultural activities. 84% of respondents used these species during food deficient period. IUUHS have future potential as an alternative food to major staple crops due to its remarkable ability to be adapted in marginal soil and thrive harsh climatic condition. There are various constraints regarding the utilization and development of IUUHS, which needs initiation of promotion, utilization, management, and conservation of species from the grass root level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agrobiodiversity" title="agrobiodiversity">agrobiodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ignored%20and%20underutilized%20species" title=" Ignored and underutilized species"> Ignored and underutilized species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species" title=" uncultivated horticultural species"> uncultivated horticultural species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity%20use" title=" diversity use"> diversity use</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141568/diversity-and-utilize-of-ignored-underutilized-and-uncommercialized-horticultural-species-in-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3202</span> Dynamics of Smallholder Farmer Adoption of High Value Horticultural Crops in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suprehatin%20Suprehatin">Suprehatin Suprehatin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improving the participation of smallholder farmers in horticultural value chains to benefit from the rapidly growing demand for high-value agricultural products is one strategy for raising farm income. However, smallholder farmer participation in Indonesian horticultural value chains is under-researched. To address this knowledge gap, this study aims to describe the current status of horticultural crop adoption in Indonesia and analyze the motivations and dynamics of smallholder farmer participation in horticultural value chains: why some small farmers join these new and potentially profitable chains and continue their participation. This study also examines the characteristics of farmers who adopted and those who did not adopt a new horticultural crop with respect to the household (farmer), farm and institutional characteristics. The analysis was conducted using unique data from a 2013 survey of 960 Indonesian farmers on Java Island that produce a variety of agricultural products. Basic statistical analysis showed relatively low adoption rates (10%) of new horticultural crops amongst 960 selected Indonesian farmers with different decisions made in terms of number and timing of new horticultural crop adoption. Adopters were motivated mainly by higher profit, higher yield, and more cash opportunities. The result also showed that current low rates of horticultural crop adoption are associated with a variety of factors, such as lower levels of education among farmers, resource constraints, lack of information on horticultural crop production and low participation in farmer groups. These findings will be helpful for policymakers when designing policies and programs to promote greater participation of Indonesian smallholder farmers in horticultural value chains. In other words, a revitalisation of agricultural policy beyond staple food is important to seize potential benefits from the ongoing agricultural food market transformation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmer%20adoption" title="farmer adoption">farmer adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20value" title=" high value"> high value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horticultural%20crops" title=" horticultural crops"> horticultural crops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75937/dynamics-of-smallholder-farmer-adoption-of-high-value-horticultural-crops-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3201</span> Technical Efficiency and Challenges of Smallholder Horticultural Farmers in Ghana: A Wake-Up Call for Policy Implementers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Freda%20E.%20Asem">Freda E. Asem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20D.%20Osei"> R. D. Osei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20B.%20Sarpong"> D. B. Sarpong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20K.%20Kuwornu"> J. K. Kuwornu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While market access remains important, Ghana’s major handicap is her inability to sustain export growth on the open market. The causes of these could be attributed to inefficiency, lack of competitiveness and supply-side constraints. This study examined the challenges faced by smallholder horticultural farmers and how it relates to their technical efficiency. The study employed mixed methods to address the problem. Using the Millennium Development Account (MiDA) Farmer Based Organization survey data on farm households in 23 districts in Ghana, the study assessed the technical efficiency of smallholder horticultural farmers (taking into account production risks). Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews were also conducted on smallholder mango, pineapple, and chilli pepper farmers selected districts in Ghana. Results revealed the constraints faced by smallholder horticultural farmers to be marketing, training, funding, accessibility, and affordability of inputs, land, access to credit, and the disconnect between themselves and policy makers and implementers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=productivity" title="productivity">productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constraints" title=" constraints"> constraints</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16051/technical-efficiency-and-challenges-of-smallholder-horticultural-farmers-in-ghana-a-wake-up-call-for-policy-implementers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3200</span> Robust ANOVA: An Illustrative Study in Horticultural Crop Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesh%20Inamadar">Dinesh Inamadar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Venugopalan"> R. Venugopalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Padmini"> K. Padmini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An attempt has been made in the present communication to elucidate the efficacy of robust ANOVA methods to analyze horticultural field experimental data in the presence of outliers. Results obtained fortify the use of robust ANOVA methods as there was substantiate reduction in error mean square, and hence the probability of committing Type I error, as compared to the regular approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outliers" title="outliers">outliers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20ANOVA" title=" robust ANOVA"> robust ANOVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horticulture" title=" horticulture"> horticulture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cook%20distance" title=" cook distance"> cook distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%20I%20error" title=" type I error"> type I error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21320/robust-anova-an-illustrative-study-in-horticultural-crop-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3199</span> Yield Parameters of Hulled Wheat Species, Grown in Organic Farming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petr%20Konvalina">Petr Konvalina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Moudry"> Jan Moudry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As organic farmers are searching foregoing crops for horticultural crops, there is possible to choice neglected wheat species and also have a new market and sale opportunities. Concerning wheat, there are landraces so called hulled wheat species (einkorn, emmer wheat, spelt) comprising parts of collections of the world gene banks. The advantage of this wheat species are small demands on growing conditions and also droughtiness in conditions of changing climate. Our paper aims at presenting the results of the study and the assessment of spring wheat forms, four einkorn cultivars, eight emmer wheat cultivars, seven spelt wheat cultivars in particular, as compared to modern bread wheat variety. Small-plot trials were established at two different localities within the Czech Republic and Austria in 2009 and 2012. The results of the trials show that some varieties were inclined to lodging. On the other hand, they were resistant to common wheat diseases (mildew, brown rust). Hulls served as barriers and obstacles against the DON grain contamination. The yield rate was lower. The grains were characterized by a high proportion of protein in grain (up to 18.1 %). However, they may be difficult to use for common baking. Moreover, new food products demonstrating a different technological quality of the hulled wheat species have to be launched on the market. They will be suitable for regional marketing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20farming" title="organic farming">organic farming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hulled%20wheat%20species" title=" hulled wheat species"> hulled wheat species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=einkorn" title=" einkorn"> einkorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emmer" title=" emmer"> emmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spelt" title=" spelt"> spelt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29354/yield-parameters-of-hulled-wheat-species-grown-in-organic-farming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3198</span> Time Series Analysis on the Production of Fruit Juice: A Case Study of National Horticultural Research Institute (Nihort) Ibadan, Oyo State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abiodun%20Ayodele%20Sanyaolu">Abiodun Ayodele Sanyaolu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research was carried out to investigate the time series analysis on quarterly production of fruit juice at the National Horticultural Research Institute Ibadan from 2010 to 2018. Documentary method of data collection was used, and the method of least square and moving average were used in the analysis. From the calculation and the graph, it was glaring that there was increase, decrease, and uniform movements in both the graph of the original data and the tabulated quarter values of the original data. Time series analysis was used to detect the trend in the highest number of fruit juice and it appears to be good over a period of time and the methods used to forecast are additive and multiplicative models. Since it was observed that the production of fruit juice is usually high in January of every year, it is strongly advised that National Horticultural Research Institute should make more provision for fruit juice storage outside this period of the year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruit%20juice" title="fruit juice">fruit juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least%20square" title=" least square"> least square</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplicative%20models" title=" multiplicative models"> multiplicative models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125505/time-series-analysis-on-the-production-of-fruit-juice-a-case-study-of-national-horticultural-research-institute-nihort-ibadan-oyo-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3197</span> The Use of Synthetic Soil for The Vegetables Cultivation in Conditions of Limited Water Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Italo%20Luigi%20de%20Paoli">Italo Luigi de Paoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of synthetic soil for the vegetables cultivation in conditions of limited water consumption The separate collection of urban organic waste and green waste for the countries of the European Union averages 100 kg / inhabitant x year with an annual growth of about 10%. The production of quality compost averages 38% - 40% of the production of organic waste material. Most of the compost produced is used as an organic soil improver in those nutrient-poor soils in order to improve its quality. This study seeks to enhance the production of quality compost by creating a synthetic soil, where the percentages of compost on average oscillate between 50% and 60% in which, with appropriate precautions, different species of horticultural can be grown in conditions of high environmental safety without the use of pesticides and with a consumption of water used for irrigation limited to the actual evaporation of the plants. The project started in 2018 and is still ongoing, confirms its validity through a series of different horticultural productions, especially if this technology is applied where the availability of land suitable for the cultivation of vegetables is limited and where the use of water for irrigation represents a cultural criticality. Furthermore, the creation of "open field" crops, together with their automation, represents a further possibility in the concrete development of such technologies, giving the final product organoleptic characteristics equal if not superior to what the market offers today for human nutrition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20%20scarcity" title="water scarcity">water scarcity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compost" title=" compost"> compost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20foods" title=" vegetable foods"> vegetable foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syntetic%20soil" title=" syntetic soil"> syntetic soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140909/the-use-of-synthetic-soil-for-the-vegetables-cultivation-in-conditions-of-limited-water-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3196</span> Model Based Design and Development of Horticultural Produce Crate from Bamboo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sisay%20Wondmagegn%20Molla">Sisay Wondmagegn Molla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mulugeta%20Admasu%20Delele"> Mulugeta Admasu Delele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadelle%20Nigusu%20Mekonen"> Tadelle Nigusu Mekonen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is common to observe quality deterioration and mechanical injury of horticulture products as a result of suboptimal design and handling of the packaging systems. Society uses the old and primitive way of handling horticulture products, which is produced through trial and error This method is known to have many limitations on quality, environmental pollution, labor and cost. Ethiopia stands first in bamboo resources in Africa, which is 67 % of the African and 7 % of the world's bamboo resources. The purpose of this project was to design and develop bamboo-based ventilated horticultural produce crates using validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The model was used to predict the airflow and temperature distribution inside the loaded crate. The study included: sizing, collection of the thermo-physical properties, and designing and developing a CFD model of the bamboo-based ventilated horticultural crate. The designed crate (40×30×25cm) had a capacity of about 18 kg, and cold air temperature (130C) was used for cooling the fruit. Airflow in the loaded crate is far from uniform. There is a relatively high-velocity flow at the top, near inlet and near outlet sections, and a relatively low airflow near the center of the loaded crate. The predicted velocity variation within the bulk of the produce was relatively large, it was in the range of 0.04-7m/s. The vented produce package contributed the highest cooling airflow resistance. Similar to the airflow, the cooling characteristics of the product were not uniform. There was a difference in the cooling rate of the produce in the airflow direction and from the top to the bottom section of the loaded crate. The products that were located near the inlet side and top of the bulk showed a faster cooling rate than the rest of the bulk. The result showed that the produced volume average temperature was 17.9°C after a cooling period of 3 hr. It was reduced by 12.05°C. The result showed the potential of the CFD modeling approach in developing the bamboo-based design of horticultural produce crates in terms of airflow and heat transfer characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bamboo" title="bamboo">bamboo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title=" cooling"> cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horticultural" title=" horticultural"> horticultural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packaging" title=" packaging"> packaging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191593/model-based-design-and-development-of-horticultural-produce-crate-from-bamboo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3195</span> Microbiological Analysis of Soil from Onu-Ebonyi Contaminated with Inorganic Fertilizer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Alo">M. N. Alo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20C.%20C.%20Egbule"> U. C. C. Egbule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20O.%20Orji"> J. O. Orji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20J.%20Aneke"> C. J. Aneke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microbiological analysis of soil from Onu-Ebonyi Izzi local government area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria contaminated with inorganic fertilizer was carried out with a view to determine the effect of the fertilizer on the microbial flora of the soil. soil samples were analyzed for microbial burden. the result showed that the following organisms were isolated with their frequency of their occurrence as follows:pseudomonas species (33.3%) and aspergillus species (54.4%) had the highest frequncy of occurence in the whole sample of batches, while streptococcus species had 6.0% and Geotrichum species (5.3%) had the least and other predominant microorganism isolated: bacillus species,staphylococcus species and vibrio species, Escherichia species, rhzizopus species, mucor species and fusaruim species. From the result, it could be concluded that the soil was contaminated and this could affect adversely the fertility of the soil . <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title="soil">soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungi" title=" fungi"> fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inorganic%20fertilizer" title=" inorganic fertilizer"> inorganic fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onu-%20Ebonyi" title=" Onu- Ebonyi "> Onu- Ebonyi </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15269/microbiological-analysis-of-soil-from-onu-ebonyi-contaminated-with-inorganic-fertilizer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3194</span> Optimization of Horticultural Crops by Using the Peats from Rawa Pening Lake as Soil Conditioner</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Addharu%20Eri">Addharu Eri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ningsih%20P.%20Lestari"> Ningsih P. Lestari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Setyorini%20Adheliya"> Setyorini Adheliya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syaiputri%20Khaidifah"> Syaiputri Khaidifah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rawa Pening is a lake at the Ambarawa Basin in Central Java, Indonesia. It serves as a source of power (hydroelectricity), irrigation, and flood control. The potential of this lake is getting worse by the presence of aquatic plants (Eichhornia crassipes) that grows wild, and it can make the lake covered by the cumulation of rotten E. crassipes. This cumulation causes the sediment formation which has high organic material composition. Sediment formation will be lead into a shallowing of the lake and affect water’s quality. The deposition of organic material produces methane gas and hydrogen sulfide, which in rain would turn the water muddy and decompose. Decomposition occuring in the water due to microbe activity in lake's water. The shallowing of Rawa Pening Lake not only will physically can reduce water discharge, but it also has ecologically major impact on water organism. The condition of Rawa Pening Lake peats can not be considered as unimportant issue. One of the solutions that can be applied is by using the peats as a compound materials on growing horticultural crops because the organic materials content on the mineral soil is low, particularly on an old soils. The horticultural crops required organic materials for growth promoting. The horticultural crops that use in this research is mustard cabbage (Brassica sp.). Using Rawa Pening's peats as the medium of plants with high organic materials that also can ameliorate soil’s physical properties, and indirectly serves as soil conditioner. Research will be focus on the peat’s contents and mustard cabbage product’s content. The contents that will be examined is the N-available, Ca, Mg, K, P, and C-organic. The analysis of Ca, Mg, and K is use soil base saturation measurement method and extracting soil is use NH4OAC solution. The aim of this study is to use the peats of Rawa Pening Lake as soil conditioner and increase the productivity of Brassica sp. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brassica%20sp." title="Brassica sp.">Brassica sp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peats" title=" peats"> peats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rawa%20pening%20lake" title=" rawa pening lake"> rawa pening lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20conditioner" title=" soil conditioner"> soil conditioner</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42723/optimization-of-horticultural-crops-by-using-the-peats-from-rawa-pening-lake-as-soil-conditioner" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3193</span> Comparison of Several Peat Qualities as Amendment to Improve Afforestation of Mine Wastes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20Guittonny-Larchev%C3%AAQue">Marie Guittonny-LarchevêQue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In boreal Canada, industrial activities such as forestry, peat extraction and metal mines often occur nearby. At closure, mine waste storage facilities have to be reclaimed. On tailings storage facilities, tree plantations can achieve rapid restoration of forested landscapes. However, trees poorly grow in mine tailings and organic amendments like peat are required to improve tailings’ structure and nutrients. Canada is a well-known producer of horticultural quality peat, but some lower quality peats coming from areas adjacent to the reclaimed mines could allow successful revegetation. In particular, hemic peat coming from the bottom of peat-bogs is more decomposed than fibric peat and is less valued for horticulture. Moreover, forest peat is sometimes excavated and piled by the forest industry after cuttings to stimulate tree regeneration on the exposed mineral soil. The objective of this project was to compare the ability of peats of differing quality and origin to improve tailings structure, nutrients and tree development. A greenhouse experiment was conducted along one growing season in 2016 with a complete randomized block design combining 8 repetitions (blocks) x 2 tree species (Populus tremuloides and Pinus banksiana) x 6 substrates (tailings, commercial horticultural peat, and mixtures of tailings with commercial peat, forest peat, local fibric peat, or local hemic peat) x 2 fertilization levels (with or without mineral fertilization). The used tailings came from a gold mine and were low in sulfur and trace metals. The commercial peat had a slightly acidic pH (around 6) while other peats had a clearly acidic pH (around 3). However, mixing peat with slightly alkaline tailings resulted in a pH close to 7 whatever the tested peats. The macroporosity of mixtures was intermediate between the low values of tailings (4%) and the high values of commercial peat alone (34%). Seedling survival was lower on tailings for poplar compared to all other treatments, with or without fertilization. Survival and growth were similar among all treatments for pine. Fertilization had no impact on the maximal height and diameter of poplar seedlings but changed the relative performance of the substrates. When not fertilized, poplar seedlings grown in commercial peat were the highest and largest, and the smallest and slenderest in tailings, with intermediate values in mixtures. When fertilized, poplar seedlings grown in commercial peat were smaller and slender compared to all other substrates. However for this species, foliar, shoot, and root biomass production was the greatest in commercial peat and the lowest in tailings compared to all mixtures, whether fertilized or not. The mixture with local fibric peat provided the seedlings with the lowest foliar N concentrations compared to all other substrates whatever the species or the fertilization treatment. At the short-term, the performance of all the tested peats were close when mixed to tailings, showing that peats of lower quality could be valorized instead of using horticultural peat. These results demonstrate that intersectorial synergies in accordance with the principles of circular economy may be developed in boreal Canada between local industries around the reclamation of mine waste dumps. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boreal%20trees" title="boreal trees">boreal trees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mine%20spoil" title=" mine spoil"> mine spoil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mine%20revegetation" title=" mine revegetation"> mine revegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intersectorial%20synergies" title=" intersectorial synergies"> intersectorial synergies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61972/comparison-of-several-peat-qualities-as-amendment-to-improve-afforestation-of-mine-wastes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3192</span> Plant Identification Using Convolution Neural Network and Vision Transformer-Based Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virender%20Singh">Virender Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathew%20Rees"> Mathew Rees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Hampton"> Simon Hampton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sivaram%20Annadurai"> Sivaram Annadurai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plant identification is a challenging task that aims to identify the family, genus, and species according to plant morphological features. Automated deep learning-based computer vision algorithms are widely used for identifying plants and can help users narrow down the possibilities. However, numerous morphological similarities between and within species render correct classification difficult. In this paper, we tested custom convolution neural network (CNN) and vision transformer (ViT) based models using the PyTorch framework to classify plants. We used a large dataset of 88,000 provided by the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) and a smaller dataset of 16,000 images from the PlantClef 2015 dataset for classifying plants at genus and species levels, respectively. Our results show that for classifying plants at the genus level, ViT models perform better compared to CNN-based models ResNet50 and ResNet-RS-420 and other state-of-the-art CNN-based models suggested in previous studies on a similar dataset. ViT model achieved top accuracy of 83.3% for classifying plants at the genus level. For classifying plants at the species level, ViT models perform better compared to CNN-based models ResNet50 and ResNet-RS-420, with a top accuracy of 92.5%. We show that the correct set of augmentation techniques plays an important role in classification success. In conclusion, these results could help end users, professionals and the general public alike in identifying plants quicker and with improved accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20identification" title="plant identification">plant identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title=" CNN"> CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vision%20transformer" title=" vision transformer"> vision transformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162359/plant-identification-using-convolution-neural-network-and-vision-transformer-based-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3191</span> DNA Fingerprinting of Some Major Genera of Subterranean Termites (Isoptera) (Anacanthotermes, Psammotermes and Microtermes) from Western Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AbdelRahman%20A.%20Faragalla">AbdelRahman A. Faragalla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20H.%20Alqhtani"> Mohamed H. Alqhtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20M.Ahmed"> Mohamed M. M.Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Saudi Arabia has currently been beset by a barrage of bizarre assemblages of subterranean termite fauna, inflicting heavy catastrophic havocs on human valued properties in various homes, storage facilities, warehouses, agricultural and horticultural crops including okra, sweet pepper, tomatoes, sorghum, date palm trees, citruses and many forest domains and green lush desert oases. The most pressing urgent priority is to use modern technologies to alleviate the painstaking obstacle of taxonomic identification of these injurious noxious pests that might lead to effective pest control in both infested agricultural commodities and field crops. Our study has indicated the use of DNA fingerprinting technologies, in order to generate basic information of the genetic similarity between 3 predominant families containing the most destructive termite species. The methodologies included extraction and DNA isolation from members of the major families and the use of randomly selected primers and PCR amplifications with the nucleotide sequences. GC content and annealing temperatures for all primers, PCR amplifications and agarose gel electrophoresis were also conducted in addition to the scoring and analysis of Random Amplification Polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPDs). A phylogenetic analysis for different species using statistical computer program on the basis of RAPD-DNA results, represented as a dendrogram based on the average of band sharing ratio between different species. Our study aims to shed more light on this intriguing subject, which may lead to an expedited display of the kinship and relatedness of species in an ambitious undertaking to arrive at correct taxonomic classification of termite species, discover sibling species, so that a logistic rational pest management strategy could be delineated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20fingerprinting" title="DNA fingerprinting">DNA fingerprinting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Western%20Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Western Saudi Arabia"> Western Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20primers" title=" DNA primers"> DNA primers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAPD" title=" RAPD"> RAPD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27387/dna-fingerprinting-of-some-major-genera-of-subterranean-termites-isoptera-anacanthotermes-psammotermes-and-microtermes-from-western-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3190</span> A Predator-Prey Model with Competitive Interaction amongst the Preys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Titus%20G.%20Kassem">Titus G. Kassem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izang%20A.%20Nyam"> Izang A. Nyam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A mathematical model is constructed to study the effect of predation on two competing species in which one of the competing species is a prey to the predator whilst the other species are not under predation. Conditions for the existence and stability of equilibrium solutions were determined. Numerical simulation results indicate the possibility of a stable coexistence of the three interacting species in form of stable oscillations under certain parameter values. We also noticed that under some certain parameter values, species under predation go into extinction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title="competition">competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predator-prey" title=" predator-prey"> predator-prey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species" title=" species"> species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecology" title=" ecology"> ecology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5979/a-predator-prey-model-with-competitive-interaction-amongst-the-preys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3189</span> Current Status and Future Trends of Mechanized Fruit Thinning Devices and Sensor Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Lopes">Marco Lopes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20D.%20Gaspar"> Pedro D. Gaspar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20P.%20Sim%C3%B5es"> Maria P. Simões</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reviews the different concepts that have been investigated concerning the mechanization of fruit thinning as well as multiple working principles and solutions that have been developed for feature extraction of horticultural products, both in the field and industrial environments. The research should be committed towards selective methods, which inevitably need to incorporate some kinds of sensor technology. Computer vision often comes out as an obvious solution for unstructured detection problems, although leaves despite the chosen point of view frequently occlude fruits. Further research on non-traditional sensors that are capable of object differentiation is needed. Ultrasonic and Near Infrared (NIR) technologies have been investigated for applications related to horticultural produce and show a potential to satisfy this need while simultaneously providing spatial information as time of flight sensors. Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) technology also shows a huge potential but it implies much greater costs and the related equipment is usually much larger, making it less suitable for portable devices, which may serve a purpose on smaller unstructured orchards. Portable devices may serve a purpose on these types of orchards. In what concerns sensor methods, on-tree fruit detection, major challenge is to overcome the problem of fruits’ occlusion by leaves and branches. Hence, nontraditional sensors capable of providing some type of differentiation should be investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruit%20thinning" title="fruit thinning">fruit thinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horticultural%20field" title=" horticultural field"> horticultural field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portable%20devices" title=" portable devices"> portable devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20technologies" title=" sensor technologies"> sensor technologies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96932/current-status-and-future-trends-of-mechanized-fruit-thinning-devices-and-sensor-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96932.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3188</span> Butterfly Diversity along Urban-Rural Gradient in Kolkata, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sushmita%20Chaudhuri">Sushmita Chaudhuri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parthiba%20Basu"> Parthiba Basu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urbanization leads to habitat degradation and is responsible for the fast disappearance of native butterfly species. Random sampling of rural, suburban and urban sites in an around Kolkata metropolis revealed the presence of 28 species of butterfly belonging to 5 different families in winter (February-March). Butterfly diversity, species richness and abundance decreased with increase in urbanization. Psyche (Leptosia nina of family Pieridae) was the most predominant butterfly species found everywhere in Kolkata during the winter period. The most dominant family was Nymphalidae (11species), followed by Pieridae (6 species), Lycaenidae (5 species), Papilionidae (4 species) and Hesperiidae (2 species). The rural and suburban sites had butterfly species that were unique to those sites. Vegetation cover and flowering shrub density were significantly related to butterfly diversity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butterfly" title="butterfly">butterfly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kolkata%20metropolis" title=" Kolkata metropolis"> Kolkata metropolis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon-Weiner%20diversity%20index" title=" Shannon-Weiner diversity index"> Shannon-Weiner diversity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20diversity" title=" species diversity"> species diversity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52028/butterfly-diversity-along-urban-rural-gradient-in-kolkata-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3187</span> Effects of Long-Term Exposure of Cadmium to the Ovary of Lithobius forficatus (Myriapoda, Chilopoda)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izabela%20Poprawa">Izabela Poprawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Chachulska-Zymelka"> Alina Chachulska-Zymelka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Chajec"> Lukasz Chajec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grazyna%20Wilczek"> Grazyna Wilczek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Wilczek"> Piotr Wilczek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastian%20Student"> Sebastian Student</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Rost-Roszkowska"> Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metals polluting the environment, especially soil, have a harmful effect on organisms, because they can damage the organ structure, disturb their function and cause developmental disorders. They can affect not only the somatic tissues but also the germinal tissues. In the natural environment, plants and animals are exposed to short- and long-term exposure to these stressors, which have a major influence on the functioning of these organisms. Numerous animals have been treated as the bioindicators of the environment. Therefore, studies on any alterations caused by, e.g., heavy metals are in the center of interests of not only environmental but also medical and biological science. Myriapods are invertebrates which are bioindicators of the environment. One of the species which lives in the upper layers of soil, particularly under stones and rocks is Lithobius forficatus (Chilopoda), commonly known as the brown centipede or stone centipede. It is a European species of the family Lithobiidae. This centipede living in the soil is exposed to, e.g., heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, arsenic. The main goal of our project was to analyze the impact of long-term exposure to cadmium on the structure of ovary with the emphasis on the course of oogenesis. As the material for analysis of cadmium exposure to ovaries, we chose the centipede species, L. forficatus. Animals were divided into two experimental groups: C – the control group, the animals cultured in laboratory conditions in a horticultural soil; Cd2 – the animals cultured in a horticultural soil supplemented with 80 mg/kg (dry weight) of CdCl2 for 45 days – long-term exposure. Animals were fed with Acheta and Chironomus larvae maintained in tap water. The analyzes were carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow cytometry and laser scanning (confocal) microscopy. Here we present the results of long-term exposure to cadmium concentration in soil on the organ responsible for female germ cell formation. Analysis with the use of the transmission electron microscope showed changes in the ultrastructure of both somatic and germ cells in the ovary. Moreover, quantitative analysis revealed the decrease in the percentage of cells viability, the increase in the percentage of cells with depolarized mitochondria and increasing the number of early apoptotic cells. All these changes were statistically significant compared to the control. Additionally, an increase in the ADP/ATP index was recorded. However, changes were not statistically significant to the control. Acknowledgment: The study has been financed by the National Science Centre, Poland, grant no 2017/25/B/NZ4/00420. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title="cadmium">cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centipede" title=" centipede"> centipede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovary" title=" ovary"> ovary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrastructure" title=" ultrastructure"> ultrastructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108240/effects-of-long-term-exposure-of-cadmium-to-the-ovary-of-lithobius-forficatus-myriapoda-chilopoda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3186</span> Computing the Similarity and the Diversity in the Species Based on Cronobacter Genome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Al%20Daoud">E. Al Daoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of computing the similarity and the diversity in the species is to trace the process of evolution and to find the relationship between the species and discover the unique, the special, the common and the universal proteins. The proteins of the whole genome of 40 species are compared with the cronobacter genome which is used as reference genome. More than 3 billion pairwise alignments are performed using blastp. Several findings are introduced in this study, for example, we found 172 proteins in cronobacter genome which have insignificant hits in other species, 116 significant proteins in the all tested species with very high score value and 129 common proteins in the plants but have insignificant hits in mammals, birds, fishes, and insects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genome" title="genome">genome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species" title=" species"> species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blastp" title=" blastp"> blastp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conserved%20genes" title=" conserved genes"> conserved genes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cronobacter" title=" Cronobacter"> Cronobacter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82396/computing-the-similarity-and-the-diversity-in-the-species-based-on-cronobacter-genome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3185</span> Subtidal Crabs of Oman Sea: New Collections and Biogeographic Considerations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negar%20Ghotbeddin">Negar Ghotbeddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seied%20Mohammad%20Reza%20Fatemi"> Seied Mohammad Reza Fatemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tooraj%20Valinassab"> Tooraj Valinassab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The samplings were carried out at 8 stations (Govatr, Pasabandar, Beriss, Ramin, Chabahar, Pozm, Gordim, and Meidani) in subtidal zones of Oman Sea during the year 2009-2010. The specimens were collected by trawl net and preserved in 70% alcohol. A total of 23 species belonged to 9 families and 15 genera were caught. The results of the present study revealed that families Portunidae had the highest species enriched with 9 species. Most of the species had high distribution in the west Indian Ocean (69.56%) and 8.69% of species were endemic. Almost species were similar to those found in the Persian Gulf. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brachyura" title="Brachyura">Brachyura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogeography" title=" biogeography"> biogeography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subtidal" title=" subtidal"> subtidal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oman%20Sea" title=" Oman Sea"> Oman Sea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30543/subtidal-crabs-of-oman-sea-new-collections-and-biogeographic-considerations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">588</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3184</span> Palyno-Morphological Characteristics of Gymnosperm Flora of Pakistan and Its Taxonomic Implications with Light Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscopy Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raees%20Khan">Raees Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheikh%20Z.%20Ul%20Abidin"> Sheikh Z. Ul Abidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20S.%20Mumtaz"> Abdul S. Mumtaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Liu"> Jie Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study is intended to assess gymnosperms pollen flora of Pakistan using Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for its taxonomic significance in identification of gymnosperms. Pollens of 35 gymnosperm species (12 genera and five families) were collected from its various distributional sites of gymnosperms in Pakistan. LM and SEM were used to investigate different palyno-morphological characteristics. Five pollen types (i.e., Inaperturate, Monolete, Monoporate, Vesiculate-bisaccate, and Polyplicate) were observed. In equatorial view seven types of pollens were observed, in which ten species were sub-angular, nine species were triangular, six species were perprolate, three species were rhomboidal, three species were semi-angular, two species were rectangular and two species were prolate. While five types of pollen were observed in polar view, in which ten species were spheroidal, nine species were angular, eight were interlobate, six species were circular, and two species were elliptic. Eighteen species have rugulate and 17 species has faveolate ornamentation. Eighteen species have verrucate and 17 have gemmate type sculpturing. The data was analysed through cluster analysis. The study showed that these palyno-morphological features have significance value in classification and identification of gymnosperms. Based on these different palyno-morphological features, a taxonomic key was proposed for the accurate and fast identifications of gymnosperms from Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gymnosperms" title="gymnosperms">gymnosperms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palynology" title=" palynology"> palynology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxonomy" title=" taxonomy"> taxonomy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82016/palyno-morphological-characteristics-of-gymnosperm-flora-of-pakistan-and-its-taxonomic-implications-with-light-microscope-and-scanning-electron-microscopy-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3183</span> Devising a Paradigm for the Assessment of Guilt across Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trisha%20S.%20Malhotra">Trisha S. Malhotra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While there exist frameworks to study the induction, manifestation, duration and general nature of emotions like shame, guilt, embarrassment and pride in humans, the same cannot be said for other species. This is because such 'complex' emotions have situational inductions and manifestations that supposedly vary due to differences between and within different species' ethology. This paper looks at the socio-adaptive functions of guilt to posit why this emotion might be observed across varying species. Primarily, the experimental paradigm of guilt-assessment in domesticated dogs is critiqued for lack of ethological consideration in its measurement and analysis. It is argued that a paradigm for guilt-assessment should measure the species-specific prosocial approach behavior instead of the immediate feedback of the 'guilty'. Finally, it is asserted that the origin of guilt is subjective and if it must be studied across a plethora of species, its definition must be tailored to fit accordingly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guilt" title="guilt">guilt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dogs" title=" dogs"> dogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prosocial%20approach%20behavior" title=" prosocial approach behavior"> prosocial approach behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empathy" title=" empathy"> empathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species" title=" species"> species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethology" title=" ethology"> ethology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104123/devising-a-paradigm-for-the-assessment-of-guilt-across-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3182</span> Diversity of Bird Species and Conservation of Two Lacustrine Wetlands of the Upper Benue Basin, Adamawa, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20l.%20David"> D. l. David</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20A.%20Wahedi"> J. A. Wahedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Buba"> U. Buba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Zakariya"> R. Zakariya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Between January, 2004 to December, 2005, studies were carried out on the bird species diversity and relative abundance of two lakes, Kiri and Gyawana near Numan using the “Timed Species Count (TSC)” method. 163 species in 53 bird families and 160 species in 55 bird families were recorded at Kiri and Gyawana lakes respectively. There was no significant difference in species diversity within bird families between the two lakes (p > 0.05), whereas in Gyawana Lake, one of the sites qualified as Ramsar site, none strongly qualified as an Important Bird Area (IBA). The significance of these findingsare also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title="conservation">conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity" title=" diversity"> diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lacustrine" title=" lacustrine"> lacustrine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetlands" title=" wetlands"> wetlands</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35316/diversity-of-bird-species-and-conservation-of-two-lacustrine-wetlands-of-the-upper-benue-basin-adamawa-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">682</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3181</span> Artemisia Species from Iran as Valuable Resources for Medicinal Uses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Naghavi">Mohammad Reza Naghavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Alaeimoghadam"> Farzad Alaeimoghadam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Ghafoori"> Hossein Ghafoori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artemisia species, which are medically beneficial, are widespread in temperate regions of both Northern and Southern hemispheres among which Iran is located. About 35 species of Artemisia are indigenous in Iran among them some are widespread in all or most provinces, yet some are restricted to some specific regions. In this review paper, initially, GC-Mass results of some experiments done in different provinces of Iran are mentioned among them some compounds are common among species, some others are mostly restricted to other species; after that, medical advantages based on some researches on species of this genus are reviewed; different qualities such as anti-leishmania, anti-bacteria, antiviral as well as anti-proliferative could be mentioned. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artemisia" title="artemisia">artemisia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-Mass%20analysis" title=" GC-Mass analysis"> GC-Mass analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20advantage" title=" medical advantage"> medical advantage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antiviral" title=" antiviral "> antiviral </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13738/artemisia-species-from-iran-as-valuable-resources-for-medicinal-uses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">547</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3180</span> Species Composition of Alticinae Newman, 1834 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae): Distribution and Host Plants in Eastern Upper Plains (Setif, Algeria)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bounechada">M. Bounechada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Fenni"> M. Fenni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bouharati"> S. Bouharati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20E.%20Doumandji"> S. E. Doumandji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was taken in Setif region (36° 11' 29 N and 5° 24' 34 E) located at the north-eastern of Algeria. This paper recorded and discusses zoogeography and host plant relationships of Setifian species Alticinae subfamily. A total of 50 species belonging to Alticinae subfamily of Chrysomelidae which is the economically important familty, were recorded from differentes localities of Setif region. They are included in 10 genera. Genera Longitarsus Berthold, 1827 is less species-rich than the other Alticinae genera captured. It represens about 38% of the all species collected. Cruciferae and Compositae were the mostly prefered host plant families representing Alticinae species. For each species we mentioned the collecting sites, geographical distribution and the host plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alticinae" title=" Alticinae"> Alticinae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chrysomelidae" title=" Chrysomelidae"> Chrysomelidae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coleoptera" title=" Coleoptera"> Coleoptera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=host%20plants" title=" host plants"> host plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20composition" title=" species composition"> species composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Setif" title=" Setif"> Setif</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13440/species-composition-of-alticinae-newman-1834-coleoptera-chrysomelidae-distribution-and-host-plants-in-eastern-upper-plains-setif-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3179</span> A Faunistic Comparative Study of Families Hesperiidae and Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) of Syrian Arab Republic and Republic of Armenia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Zarikian">N. Zarikian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Comparative analysis of the fauna of two families of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) – Hesperiidae and Nymphalidae were carried out. In general, 122 species of the families are recorded. among these 33 species belong to Hesperiidae and 89 to Nymphalidae. The numbers by countries are as follows: 72 species are found in Syria (including 24 Hesperiidae and 48 Nymphalidae) and 97 in Armenia (26 and 71 species, respectively). Two species of Hesperiidae are reported for Syrian fauna for the first time and one species is newly recorded for Armenia. From the species above mentioned 38 are common both for Syria and Armenia. For estimation of the similarity of faunas studied were used the Jaccard index. By families the index is rather different, consisting for Hesperiidae 0.5151 and for Nymphalidae 0.337. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fauna" title=" fauna"> fauna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesperiidae" title=" Hesperiidae"> Hesperiidae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nymphalidae" title=" Nymphalidae"> Nymphalidae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%28Rhopalocera%3A%20Lepidoptera%29" title=" (Rhopalocera: Lepidoptera)"> (Rhopalocera: Lepidoptera)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syria" title=" Syria"> Syria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48129/a-faunistic-comparative-study-of-families-hesperiidae-and-nymphalidae-lepidoptera-rhopalocera-of-syrian-arab-republic-and-republic-of-armenia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3178</span> Improved Rare Species Identification Using Focal Loss Based Deep Learning Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chad%20Goldsworthy">Chad Goldsworthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Rajeswari%20Matam"> B. Rajeswari Matam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of deep learning for species identification in camera trap images has revolutionised our ability to study, conserve and monitor species in a highly efficient and unobtrusive manner, with state-of-the-art models achieving accuracies surpassing the accuracy of manual human classification. The high imbalance of camera trap datasets, however, results in poor accuracies for minority (rare or endangered) species due to their relative insignificance to the overall model accuracy. This paper investigates the use of Focal Loss, in comparison to the traditional Cross Entropy Loss function, to improve the identification of minority species in the “255 Bird Species” dataset from Kaggle. The results show that, although Focal Loss slightly decreased the accuracy of the majority species, it was able to increase the F1-score by 0.06 and improve the identification of the bottom two, five and ten (minority) species by 37.5%, 15.7% and 10.8%, respectively, as well as resulting in an improved overall accuracy of 2.96%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20networks" title="convolutional neural networks">convolutional neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20imbalance" title=" data imbalance"> data imbalance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=focal%20loss" title=" focal loss"> focal loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20classification" title=" species classification"> species classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wildlife%20conservation" title=" wildlife conservation"> wildlife conservation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132442/improved-rare-species-identification-using-focal-loss-based-deep-learning-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3177</span> Features in the Distribution of Fleas (Siphonaptera) in the Balkhash-Alakol Depression on the South-Eastern Kazakhstan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurtazin%20Sabir">Nurtazin Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Begon%20Michael"> Begon Michael</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeszhanov%20Aidyn"> Yeszhanov Aidyn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Belyaev"> Alexander Belyaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hughes%20Nelika"> Hughes Nelika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bethany%20Levick"> Bethany Levick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmurzauly%20Ruslan"> Salmurzauly Ruslan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the features of the distribution of the most abundant species of fleas that are carriers of the most dangerous infections in the Balkhash-Alakol depression of Kazakhstan. We show that of 153 species of fleas described in the territory of the great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus Licht.), 35 species are parasitic. 21 of them are specific to gerbils species, and four species of fleas from the Xenopsylla genus are dominant in number and value of epizootic. We also describe the modern features of habitats of these species and their relationship with the great gerbil populations found in the South Balkhash region. It indicates the need for research on the population structure of the most abundant fleas species and their relationship with the structure of the populations of main carrier of transmission infections in the region-great gerbil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balkhash-Alakol%20depression" title="Balkhash-Alakol depression">Balkhash-Alakol depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20foci%20of%20plague" title=" natural foci of plague"> natural foci of plague</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20diversity%20and%20distribution%20of%20fleas" title=" species diversity and distribution of fleas"> species diversity and distribution of fleas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flea%20and%20great%20gerbil%20population%20structure" title=" flea and great gerbil population structure"> flea and great gerbil population structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epizootic%20activity" title=" epizootic activity"> epizootic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20species%20of%20fleas" title=" mass species of fleas"> mass species of fleas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27346/features-in-the-distribution-of-fleas-siphonaptera-in-the-balkhash-alakol-depression-on-the-south-eastern-kazakhstan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3176</span> Diversity and Distribution of Benthic Invertebrates in the West Port, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedeh%20Belin%20Tavakoly%20Sany">Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly Sany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20Hashim"> Rosli Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Rezayi"> Majid Rezayi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aishah%20Salleh"> Aishah Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Safari"> Omid Safari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to describe the main characteristics of macroinvertebrate species in response to environmental forcing factors. Overall, 23 species of Mollusca, 4 species of Arthropods, 3 species of Echinodermata and 3 species of Annelida were identified at the 9 sampling stations during four sampling periods. Individual species of Mollusca constituted 36.4% of the total abundance, followed by Arthropods (27.01%), Annelida (34.3%) and Echinodermata (2.4%). The results of Kruskal-Wallis test indicated that a significant difference (p <0.05) in the abundance, richness and diversity of the macro-benthic community in different stations. The correlation analysis revealed that anthropogenic pollution and natural variability caused by these variations in spatial scales. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benthic%20invertebrates" title="benthic invertebrates">benthic invertebrates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity" title=" diversity"> diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abundance" title=" abundance"> abundance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=West%20Port" title=" West Port"> West Port</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6112/diversity-and-distribution-of-benthic-invertebrates-in-the-west-port-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3175</span> Changes of Mitochondrial Potential in the Midgut Epithelium of Lithobius forficatus (Myriapoda, Chilopoda) Exposed to Cadmium Concentrated in Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Rost-Roszkowska">Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izabela%20Poprawa"> Izabela Poprawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Chachulska-Zymelka"> Alina Chachulska-Zymelka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Chajec"> Lukasz Chajec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grazyna%20Wilczek"> Grazyna Wilczek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Wilczek"> Piotr Wilczek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malgorzata%20Lesniewska"> Malgorzata Lesniewska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lithobius forficatus, commonly known as the brown centipede, is a widespread European species, which lives in the upper layers of soil, under stones, litter, rocks, and leaves. As the soil organism, it is exposed to numerous stressors such as xenobiotics, including heavy metals, temperature, starvation, pathogens, etc. Heavy metals are treated as the environmental pollutants of the soil because of their toxic effects on plants, animals and human being. One of the heavy metals which is xenobiotic and can be taken up by plants or animals from the soil is cadmium. The digestive system of centipedes is composed of three distinct regions: fore-, mid- and hindgut. The salivary glands of centipedes are the organs which belong to the anterior region of the digestive system and take part in the synthesis, accumulation, and secretion of many substances. The middle region having contact with the food masses is treated as one of the barriers which protect the organism against any stressors which originate from the external environment, e.g., toxic metals. As the material for our studies, we chose two organs of the digestive system in brown centipede, the organs which take part in homeostasis maintenance: the salivary glands and the midgut. The main purpose of the project was to investigate the relationship between the percentage of depolarized mitochondria, mitophagy and ATP level in cells of mentioned above organs. The animals were divided into experimental groups: K – the control group, the animals cultured in a laboratory conditions in a horticultural soil and fed with Acheta domesticus larvae; Cd1 – the animals cultured in a horticultural soil supplemented with 80 mg/kg (dry weight) of CdCl2, fed with A. domesticus larvae maintained in tap water, 12 days – short-term exposure; Cd2 – the animals cultured in a horticultural soil supplemented with 80 mg/kg (dry weight) of CdCl2, fed with A. domesticus larvae maintained in tap water, 45 days – long-term exposure. The studies were conducted using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Quantitative analysis revealed that regardless of the organ, a progressive increase in the percentage of cells with depolarized mitochondria was registered, but only in the salivary glands. These were statistically significant changes from the control. In both organs, there were no differences in the level of the analyzed parameter depending on the duration of exposure of individuals to cadmium. Changes in the ultrastructure of mitochondria have been observed. With the extension of the body's exposure time to metal, an increase in the ADP/ATP index was recorded. However, changes statistically significant to the control were demonstrated in the intestine and salivary glands. The size of this intestinal index and salivary glands in the Cd2 group was about thirty and twenty times higher, respectively than in control. Acknowledgment: The study has been financed by the National Science Centre, Poland, grant no 2017/25/B/NZ4/00420. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title="cadmium">cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digestive%20system" title=" digestive system"> digestive system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrastructure" title=" ultrastructure"> ultrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centipede" title=" centipede"> centipede</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107844/changes-of-mitochondrial-potential-in-the-midgut-epithelium-of-lithobius-forficatus-myriapoda-chilopoda-exposed-to-cadmium-concentrated-in-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3174</span> Species Diversity and Relative Abundance of Migratory Waterbirds in Abijata Lake, Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teklebrhan%20Kidane">Teklebrhan Kidane </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to investigate the species diversity and relative abundance of migratory waterbirds in Abijata Lake, an Important Bird Area and potential Ramsar site located in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. The study was carried out, using line transect method along the shoreline and open area of the Lake. The data was analyzed with different diversity indices; t-Test and descriptive statistics. Thirty-two migratory waterbird species grouped into twelve families consisting of globally threatened birds were identified and recorded. Family Scolopacidae (12 species) had the highest number of species. The lowest number of species was observed under the families Ciconidae, Accipitridae, Laridae and Falconidae with one species each. The recorded bird species comprised 19 Palearctic, 5 Intra-African, 2 local migrants as well as 6 resident Palearctic migratory waterbird species. The dry season had higher species diversity (H'=1.01) compared to the wet season (H'=0.76). The highest and lowest diversity of migratory waterbirds were recorded during January (H'= 1.28) and June (H'= 0.52), respectively. However, the highest evenness (E) of bird species was recorded during wet season (E=0.21) and lower during the dry season (E=0.09). The computed seasonal effect reveals that there is significant effect of seasons on species diversity (t=2.80, P < 0.05), but the effect of seasons on individuals of migratory bird species was not significant (t=1.42, P > 0.05). Even though Lake Abijata is the sanctuary of several migratory waterbirds, anthropogenic activities are rigorously threatening their survival. Therefore, it needs an urgent conservation concern. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=important%20bird%20area" title=" important bird area"> important bird area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20diversity" title=" species diversity"> species diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetland%20birds" title=" wetland birds "> wetland birds </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96761/species-diversity-and-relative-abundance-of-migratory-waterbirds-in-abijata-lake-central-rift-valley-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=106">106</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=107">107</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncultivated%20horticultural%20species&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>