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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Archbishop and Cardinal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archbishop_and_Cardinal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cardinal_Secretary_of_State"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cardinal Secretary of State</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cardinal_Secretary_of_State-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Da_Vinci_Code" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Da_Vinci_Code"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span><i>The Da Vinci Code</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Da_Vinci_Code-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Church_and_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Church_and_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Church and sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Church_and_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Defense_of_Pius_XII" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defense_of_Pius_XII"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Defense of Pius XII</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defense_of_Pius_XII-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pope_Benedict_XVI_Islam_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pope_Benedict_XVI_Islam_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pope_Benedict_XVI_Islam_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comments_by_Patriarch_Alexius_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comments_by_Patriarch_Alexius_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Comments by Patriarch Alexius II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comments_by_Patriarch_Alexius_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proposed_excommunication_of_drug_dealers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proposed_excommunication_of_drug_dealers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Proposed excommunication of drug dealers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proposed_excommunication_of_drug_dealers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Support_for_universal_and_free_access_to_anti-HIV_drugs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_for_universal_and_free_access_to_anti-HIV_drugs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Support for universal and free access to anti-HIV drugs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Support_for_universal_and_free_access_to_anti-HIV_drugs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Our_Lady_of_Fatima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Our_Lady_of_Fatima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Our Lady of Fatima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Our_Lady_of_Fatima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homosexuality_to_blame_for_child_abuse_by_priests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homosexuality_to_blame_for_child_abuse_by_priests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Homosexuality to blame for child abuse by priests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homosexuality_to_blame_for_child_abuse_by_priests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holocaust-denying_bishop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holocaust-denying_bishop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Holocaust-denying bishop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holocaust-denying_bishop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vatileaks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vatileaks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Vatileaks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vatileaks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_irregularities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_irregularities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13</span> <span>Financial irregularities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_irregularities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apartment_renovation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apartment_renovation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.14</span> <span>Apartment renovation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apartment_renovation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vatican_response_to_lavish_lifestyle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vatican_response_to_lavish_lifestyle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.15</span> <span>Vatican response to lavish lifestyle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vatican_response_to_lavish_lifestyle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-McCarrick_sex_abuse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#McCarrick_sex_abuse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16</span> <span>McCarrick sex abuse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-McCarrick_sex_abuse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retirement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retirement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Retirement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retirement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distinctions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distinctions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Distinctions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distinctions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tarcisio Bertone</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Тарчызіа Бертонэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тарчызіа Бертонэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Тарчизио Бертоне – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тарчизио Бертоне" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B5" title="Ταρσίζιο Μπερτόνε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ταρσίζιο Μπερτόνε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%80%EB%A5%B4%EC%B9%98%EC%8B%9C%EC%98%A4_%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%86%A0%EB%84%A4" title="타르치시오 베르토네 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="타르치시오 베르토네" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarsicius_Bertone" title="Tarsicius Bertone – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tarsicius Bertone" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="تارسيسيو بيرتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تارسيسيو بيرتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D" title="タルチジオ・ベルトーネ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タルチジオ・ベルトーネ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5,_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Бертоне, Тарчизио – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бертоне, Тарчизио" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tarcisio Bertone" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone – Finnish" lang="fi" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #FFA4A4;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;"><a href="/wiki/His_Eminence" class="mw-redirect" title="His Eminence">His Eminence</a></div><br /><div style="display:inline" class="fn">Tarcisio Bertone</div><br /><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;"><a href="/wiki/Salesians_of_Don_Bosco" title="Salesians of Don Bosco">SDB</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State Emeritus</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:T.Bertone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/T.Bertone.jpg/220px-T.Bertone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/T.Bertone.jpg/330px-T.Bertone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/T.Bertone.jpg/440px-T.Bertone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1565" data-file-height="1821" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Bertone in 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointed</th><td class="infobox-data">15 September 2006</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Term ended</th><td class="infobox-data">15 October 2013</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Sodano" title="Angelo Sodano">Angelo Sodano</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Frascati" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Frascati">Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati</a> (2008–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Previous post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Vercelli" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vercelli">Archbishop of Vercelli</a> (1991–1995)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Secretary of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a> (1995–2002)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Genoa" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa">Archbishop of Genoa</a> (2002–2006)</li><li>Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria Auxiliatrice in via Tuscolana (2003–2008)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> (2006–2013)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church</a> (2007–2014)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Orders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ordination</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 1960<br />by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albino_Mensa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albino Mensa (page does not exist)">Albino Mensa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consecration</th><td class="infobox-data">1 August 1991<br />by Albino Mensa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created cardinal</th><td class="infobox-data">21 October 2003<br />by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">Cardinal-Bishop</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Tarcisio Pietro Evasio Bertone</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1934-12-02</span>) </span>2 December 1934<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 90)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Romano_Canavese" title="Romano Canavese">Romano Canavese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Salesian_Pontifical_University" title="Salesian Pontifical University">Salesian Pontifical University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Canon_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Canon Law">JCD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Fidem custodire, concordiam servare</i> <br />(Protect faith, preserve unity)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tarcisio_Bertone_Signature_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tarcisio Bertone's signature"><img alt="Tarcisio Bertone's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tarcisio_Bertone_Signature_2.svg/130px-Tarcisio_Bertone_Signature_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tarcisio_Bertone_Signature_2.svg/195px-Tarcisio_Bertone_Signature_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tarcisio_Bertone_Signature_2.svg/260px-Tarcisio_Bertone_Signature_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="49" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coat of arms</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tarcisio Bertone's coat of arms"><img alt="Tarcisio Bertone's coat of arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="1226" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="font-weight:bold; background-color: #FFCF00 ;"> <span style="font-size:100%">Ordination history of</span><br /><span style="font-size:125%;">Tarcisio Bertone</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:100%; padding-left:2em; background-color:#eee"><span style="font-size:100%;">History</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#f2f2f2;"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #333; border-top: 3px solid #333">Priestly ordination</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Ordained by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albino_Mensa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albino Mensa (page does not exist)">Albino Mensa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Vercelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Vercelli">Vercelli</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 1960</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#f2f2f2;"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #800080; border-top: 3px solid #800080">Episcopal consecration</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consecrated by</th><td class="infobox-data">Albino Mensa (Vercelli emer.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">1 August 1991</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#f2f2f2;"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #FF2400; border-top: 3px solid #FF2400">Cardinalate</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Elevated by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">21 October 2003</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:100%; padding-left:2em; background-color:#eee"><span style="font-size:100%;">Episcopal succession</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #800080; border-top: 3px solid #800080">Bishops consecrated by Tarcisio Bertone as principal consecrator</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Piacenza" title="Mauro Piacenza">Mauro Piacenza</a></th><td class="infobox-data">15 November 2003</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Palletti" title="Luigi Palletti">Luigi Palletti</a></th><td class="infobox-data">16 January 2005</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Raffaele_Farina" title="Raffaele Farina">Raffaele Farina</a> SDB</th><td class="infobox-data">16 December 2006</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Girotti" title="Gianfranco Girotti">Gianfranco Girotti</a> OFM Conv</th><td class="infobox-data">16 December 2006</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Stankiewicz" title="Antoni Stankiewicz">Antoni Stankiewicz</a></th><td class="infobox-data">16 December 2006</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Chenis" title="Carlo Chenis">Carlo Chenis</a> SDB</th><td class="infobox-data">10 February 2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Boccardi" title="Leo Boccardi">Leo Boccardi</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 March 2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bertolone" title="Vincenzo Bertolone">Vincenzo Bertolone</a> SdP</th><td class="infobox-data">3 May 2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Michele_Di_Ruberto" title="Michele Di Ruberto">Michele Di Ruberto</a></th><td class="infobox-data">30 June 2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaetano_Galbusera_Fumagalli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaetano Galbusera Fumagalli (page does not exist)">Gaetano Galbusera Fumagalli</a> SDB</th><td class="infobox-data">26 August 2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vito_Rallo" title="Vito Rallo">Vito Rallo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">28 October 2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Ambrosio" title="Gianni Ambrosio">Gianni Ambrosio</a></th><td class="infobox-data">16 February 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Suriani" title="Luciano Suriani">Luciano Suriani</a></th><td class="infobox-data">26 April 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Kalenga_Badikebele" title="Léon Kalenga Badikebele">Léon Kalenga Badikebele</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 May 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frans_Daneels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frans Daneels (page does not exist)">Frans Daneels</a> OPraem</th><td class="infobox-data">1 May 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ignacio_Arrieta_Ochoa_de_Chinchetru" title="Juan Ignacio Arrieta Ochoa de Chinchetru">Juan Ignacio Arrieta Ochoa de Chinchetru</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 May 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Maury_Buend%C3%ADa" title="Miguel Maury Buendía">Miguel Maury Buendía</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12 June 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paolo_De_Nicol%C3%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paolo De Nicolò (page does not exist)">Paolo De Nicolò</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12 June 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bernardito_Auza" title="Bernardito Auza">Bernardito Auza</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 July 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Piergiuseppe_Vacchelli" title="Piergiuseppe Vacchelli">Piergiuseppe Vacchelli</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 July 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Ladaria_Ferrer" title="Luis Ladaria Ferrer">Luis Ladaria Ferrer</a> SJ</th><td class="infobox-data">26 July 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambrogio_Spreafico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambrogio Spreafico (page does not exist)">Ambrogio Spreafico</a></th><td class="infobox-data">26 July 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Krebs" title="Martin Krebs">Martin Krebs</a></th><td class="infobox-data">16 November 2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Bianco" title="Luigi Bianco">Luigi Bianco</a></th><td class="infobox-data">25 April 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Jan_Paw%C5%82owski" title="Jan Pawłowski">Jan Pawłowski</a></th><td class="infobox-data">30 April 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Spiteri" title="Joseph Spiteri">Joseph Spiteri</a></th><td class="infobox-data">24 May 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Toso" title="Mario Toso">Mario Toso</a> SDB</th><td class="infobox-data">12 December 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Laffitte" title="Jean Laffitte">Jean Laffitte</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12 December 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_D%27Ercole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni D'Ercole (page does not exist)">Giovanni D'Ercole</a> FDP</th><td class="infobox-data">12 December 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Petar_Raji%C4%8D" title="Petar Rajič">Petar Rajič</a></th><td class="infobox-data">23 January 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Piero_Pioppo" title="Piero Pioppo">Piero Pioppo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 March 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Novatus_Rugambwa" title="Novatus Rugambwa">Novatus Rugambwa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 March 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Nugent" title="Eugene Nugent">Eugene Nugent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 March 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentino_Di_Cerbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valentino Di Cerbo (page does not exist)">Valentino Di Cerbo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 May 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_William_Tobin" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph William Tobin">Joseph William Tobin</a> CSsR</th><td class="infobox-data">9 October 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Lingua" title="Giorgio Lingua">Giorgio Lingua</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9 October 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Carrasco_de_Paula" title="Ignacio Carrasco de Paula">Ignacio Carrasco de Paula</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9 October 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_dal_Covolo" title="Enrico dal Covolo">Enrico dal Covolo</a> SDB</th><td class="infobox-data">9 October 2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauro_Maria_Morfino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauro Maria Morfino (page does not exist)">Mauro Maria Morfino</a> SDB</th><td class="infobox-data">3 April 2011</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Jan_Vok%C3%A1l" title="Jan Vokál">Jan Vokál</a></th><td class="infobox-data">7 May 2011</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Sciacca" title="Giuseppe Sciacca">Giuseppe Sciacca</a></th><td class="infobox-data">8 October 2011</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Adoukonou" title="Barthélemy Adoukonou">Barthélemy Adoukonou</a></th><td class="infobox-data">8 October 2011</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Cavina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francesco Cavina (page does not exist)">Francesco Cavina</a></th><td class="infobox-data">22 January 2012</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Julio_Murat" title="Julio Murat">Julio Murat</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 March 2012</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Russo" title="Luciano Russo">Luciano Russo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">14 April 2012</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Aldo_Cerrato" title="Edoardo Aldo Cerrato">Edoardo Aldo Cerrato</a>, C.O.</th><td class="infobox-data">8 September 2012</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Guido_Pozzo" title="Guido Pozzo">Guido Pozzo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 November 2012</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ettore_Balestrero" title="Ettore Balestrero">Ettore Balestrero</a></th><td class="infobox-data">27 April 2013</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wallace_Banach" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Wallace Banach">Michael Wallace Banach</a></th><td class="infobox-data">27 April 2013</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Udaigwe" title="Brian Udaigwe">Brian Udaigwe</a></th><td class="infobox-data">27 April 2013</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #ffa4a4;"><span style="font-size:80%">Styles of</span><br /><b><span class="fn">Tarcisio Bertone</span></b></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg/300px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg/400px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="1226" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(manner_of_address)" class="mw-redirect" title="Style (manner of address)">Reference style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/His_Eminence" class="mw-redirect" title="His Eminence">His Eminence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spoken style</th><td class="infobox-data">Your Eminence</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Informal style</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_see" title="Episcopal see">See</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Frascati (<a href="/wiki/Suburbicarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Suburbicarian">Suburbicarian</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tarcisio Pietro Evasio Bertone</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Salesians_of_Don_Bosco" title="Salesians of Don Bosco">SDB</a></span> (born 2 December 1934) is an Italian <a href="/wiki/Prelate" title="Prelate">prelate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican</a> diplomat. A <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">cardinal</a> since 2003, he served as <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Vercelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Vercelli">Archbishop of Vercelli</a> from 1991 to 1995, as Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Genoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Genoa">Archbishop of Genoa</a> from 2002 to 2006, and as <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> from 2006 to 2013. On 10 May 2008, he was named <a href="/wiki/Cardinal-Bishop_of_Frascati" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati">Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati</a>. </p><p>Bertone served as <a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo</a> from 2007 to 2014. In the period between Pope Benedict XVI's <a href="/wiki/Resignation_of_Benedict_XVI" class="mw-redirect" title="Resignation of Benedict XVI">resignation</a> on 28 February 2013 and the <a href="/wiki/Conclave_of_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Conclave of 2013">election</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> on 13 March 2013, he served temporarily as the administrator of the Holy See and acting head of state of the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican City State">Vatican City State</a>. He was considered a contender to succeed Benedict XVI.<sup id="cite_ref-Staking_a_Wager_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Staking_a_Wager-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides his native Italian, Bertone speaks fluent French, Spanish, German and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>. He has some knowledge of English, although he is not fluent, and he can read <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bertone was born in <a href="/wiki/Romano_Canavese" title="Romano Canavese">Romano Canavese</a>, Piedmont, the fifth of eight children. Bertone has stated that his mother was a determined anti-fascist militant of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_People%27s_Party_(1919)" title="Italian People's Party (1919)">Italian People's Party</a>, and later a <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Italy)" title="Christian Democracy (Italy)">Christian Democrat</a>. </p><p>Bertone professed his vows as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Salesians_of_Don_Bosco" title="Salesians of Don Bosco">Salesians</a> on 3 December 1950 and was ordained a priest by Archbishop Albino Mensa on 1 July 1960. He holds a doctorate in <a href="/wiki/Canon_law_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon law (Catholic Church)">canon law</a>. His dissertation was entitled <i>The Governance of the Church in the Thought of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIV" title="Pope Benedict XIV">Pope Benedict XIV</a> (1740–1758)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served as Professor of Special <a href="/wiki/Moral_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Moral Theology">Moral Theology</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Salesian_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Salesian University">Pontifical Salesian University</a> from 1967 until his appointment as Professor of Canon Law in 1976, a post he held until 1991. Bertone was a visiting professor of Public Ecclesiastical Law at the Institute Utriusque Iuris of the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lateran_University" title="Pontifical Lateran University">Pontifical Lateran University</a> in 1978. He was commissioned by Pope John Paul II to assist <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Milingo" title="Emmanuel Milingo">Emmanuel Milingo</a>, Archbishop Emeritus of <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a>, Zambia, in returning to the Catholic Church in 2001. Milingo had left the church to marry Maria Sung of Sun Myung Moon's <a href="/wiki/Unification_Church" title="Unification Church">Unification Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archbishop_and_Cardinal">Archbishop and Cardinal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Archbishop and Cardinal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 4 July 1991, Bertone was appointed <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Vercelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Vercelli">Archbishop of Vercelli</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a>. He was consecrated bishop one month later by Mensa, who had also ordained him priest. He held this post until his resignation in 1995 upon being named Secretary of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith under Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, who later became <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>. Appointed <a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Genoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Genoa">Archbishop of Genoa</a> on 10 December 2002 and installed on 2 February 2003, Bertone was elevated to the <a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> in the consistory of 21 October 2003, as <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">Cardinal-Priest</a> of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Ausiliatrice,_Rome" title="Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Rome">Santa Maria Ausiliatrice in Via Tuscolana</a>. </p><p>He later specialized in the relationship between social morality, faith and politics. He also assisted with the revision of the 1983 <a href="/wiki/Canon_law_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon law (Catholic Church)">Code of Canon Law</a> and undertook pastoral work in parishes. In the <a href="/wiki/Jubilee_(Christian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jubilee (Christian)">Jubilee Year</a> 2000, Bertone was entrusted by John Paul II with the publication of the third <a href="/wiki/Three_Secrets_of_Fatima" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Secrets of Fatima">secret of Fatima</a>. </p><p>Bertone was one of the <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_Papal_conclave,_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 2005">cardinal electors</a> who participated in the <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave,_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal conclave, 2005">2005 papal conclave</a> that elected <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also participated as a <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_Papal_conclave,_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 2013">cardinal elector</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave,_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal conclave, 2013">2013 papal conclave</a> that elected <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2013list_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013list-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cardinal_Secretary_of_State">Cardinal Secretary of State</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cardinal Secretary of State"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone_(Camerlengo).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone_%28Camerlengo%29.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone_%28Camerlengo%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone_%28Camerlengo%29.svg/330px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone_%28Camerlengo%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone_%28Camerlengo%29.svg/440px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tarcisio_Bertone_%28Camerlengo%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1145" data-file-height="1715" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of cardinal Bertone during the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Sede_vacante" title="Sede vacante">Sede vacante</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 22 June 2006, Benedict XVI appointed Bertone to replace <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Sodano" title="Angelo Sodano">Angelo Sodano</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a>. He assumed the office on 15 September. On 26 June 2006 Bertone was awarded the Knight Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="Order of Merit of the Italian Republic">Order of Merit of the Italian Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Complaints about Bertone's performance as secretary of state began early in his tenure. He had no prior experience in the Vatican's diplomatic corps.<sup id="cite_ref-nyrb_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyrb-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two weeks before entering office, asked about reforms of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a>, Bertone remarked, "After almost two decades, an evaluation of how the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">dicasteries</a> are organised is more than comprehensible, in order to reflect on how to make the existing structures more efficient for the mission of the Church and eventually to consider whether all of them should be maintained".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 April 2007, Benedict XVI appointed Bertone as <a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The duties of the camerlengo are largely confined to administration during the <a href="/wiki/Sede_vacante" title="Sede vacante">vacancy</a> of the Holy See. On 10 May 2008, he was promoted to the rank of Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> resigned on 28 February 2013, Bertone, as camerlengo, was the acting sovereign for <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> State and administrator for the Holy See until the election of a new pope. </p><p>On 13 February 2013, at the last public Mass of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> before his resignation took effect on 28 February, Bertone praised Pope Benedict, "We would not be honest, Your Holiness, if we said that this evening there is not a hint of sadness in our hearts. In recent years, your teaching has been a window open onto the Church and the world, which let in the rays of truth and love of God, to enlighten and warm our journey, even and especially at times when clouds gathered in the sky". Bertone continued: "All of us have realized that it is precisely the deep love that Your Holiness has for God and the Church that prompted you to make this act, revealing that purity of mind, that strong and demanding faith, that strength of humility and meekness, along with great courage, that have marked every step of your life and your ministry".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bertone was the second most senior cardinal-elector in order of precedence among the cardinal-electors who participated in the <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave,_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal conclave, 2013">2013 conclave</a> that elected <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a>, after the presiding cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Re" title="Giovanni Battista Re">Giovanni Battista Re</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2013list_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013list-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bertone himself was seen as a contender to succeed to the papacy,<sup id="cite_ref-Staking_a_Wager_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Staking_a_Wager-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-businessinsider_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businessinsider-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although his chances as a <i>papabile</i> were thought diminished by the perception that he was a "potential scandal in the making".<sup id="cite_ref-businessinsider_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businessinsider-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Pope Francis' <a href="/wiki/Papal_inauguration_of_Pope_Francis" title="Papal inauguration of Pope Francis">inauguration</a>, Bertone was one of the six cardinals who made the public act of obedience on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Inauguration_video_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inauguration_video-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bertone was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Clergy" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Clergy">Congregation for the Clergy</a>, the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Oriental_Churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Oriental Churches">Congregation for the Oriental Churches</a>, the Congregation for Bishops and the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples" title="Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples">Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples</a> until his 80th birthday on 2 December 2014. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Da_Vinci_Code"><i>The Da Vinci Code</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Da Vinci Code"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 15 March 2005, Bertone was in the news for "breaking the Church's silence" and criticizing <a href="/wiki/Dan_Brown" title="Dan Brown">Dan Brown</a>'s 2003 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Da_Vinci_Code" title="The Da Vinci Code">The Da Vinci Code</a></i>, saying the book was "shameful and full of unfounded lies", and that believers should boycott the book. Both Bertone and official Vatican spokespeople insisted that Bertone was not speaking as an official representative of the Catholic Church, but it was also noted that Bertone's high placement within the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_hierarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church hierarchy">church hierarchy</a> and the fact that he was often named as a <a href="/wiki/Papabile" title="Papabile">potential candidate</a> for the papacy gave his words considerable weight, such that his comments were often reported by various media as an official statement from the Vatican.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, the <a href="/wiki/National_Broadcasting_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="National Broadcasting Company">NBC</a> news program <i><a href="/wiki/Dateline_NBC" title="Dateline NBC">Dateline</a></i> described his statement as "a high-ranking Vatican cardinal called for a boycott of the film."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Church_and_sports">Church and sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Church and sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bertone suggested in December 2006 that the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> "could, in future, field a team that plays at the top level, with Roma, <a href="/wiki/Inter_Milan" title="Inter Milan">Internazionale</a>, Genoa and Sampdoria." He continued: "If we just take the Brazilian students from our Pontifical universities we could have a magnificent squad".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hours later he said "I've got much more to do than cultivating a football squad for the Vatican" and explained that his earlier remark was not intended to be taken seriously.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defense_of_Pius_XII">Defense of Pius XII</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Defense of Pius XII"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 5 June 2007, at a conference announcing the release of a new biography of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a>, Bertone defended Pius against claims of indifference toward the Jews during <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a>. Bertone condemned this accusation as a "black legend" and "an attack on good sense and on rationality", which has "become so firmly established that even to scratch it is an arduous task". Although he admitted that Pius XII had been "cautious" in condemning <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>, Bertone stated that Nazi forces would have intensified its program of <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> had the Pope been more outspoken.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pope_Benedict_XVI_Islam_controversy">Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI_Islam_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy">Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy</a></div> <p>On 16 September 2006, Bertone, after one day as <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a>, released a declaration explaining that the "position of the Pope concerning Islam is unequivocally that expressed by the conciliar document <i><a href="/wiki/Nostra_aetate" title="Nostra aetate">Nostra aetate</a></i>" and that "the Pope's option in favour of inter-religious and inter-cultural dialogue is equally unequivocal."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>As for the opinion of the Byzantine emperor <a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Paleologus" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel II Paleologus">Manuel II Paleologus</a> which he quoted during his Regensburg talk, the Holy Father did not mean, nor does he mean, to make that opinion his own in any way. He simply used it as a means to undertake—in an academic context, and as is evident from a complete and attentive reading of the text—certain reflections on the theme of the relationship between religion and violence in general, and to conclude with a clear and radical rejection of the religious motivation for violence, from whatever side it may come. [The Pope] sincerely regrets that certain passages of his address could have sounded offensive to the sensitivities of the Muslim faithful and should have been interpreted in a manner that in no way corresponds to his intentions.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comments_by_Patriarch_Alexius_II">Comments by Patriarch Alexius II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Comments by Patriarch Alexius II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 5 December 2006, <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Alexy_II_of_Moscow" title="Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow">Patriarch Alexy II</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> accused the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> of an "extremely unfriendly policy" when he said that the Catholic Church was poaching converts in <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a> lands in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and other ex-<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> republics. Bertone said in response: "We do not want to engage in proselytism in Russia".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2007, Bertone "blasted the media for highlighting the Vatican's views on sex while maintaining a 'deafening silence' about charity work done by thousands of Catholic organisations around the world."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He continued: "I see a fixation by some journalists on moral topics, such as abortion and homosexual unions, which are certainly important issues but absolutely do not constitute the thinking and work of the Church." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proposed_excommunication_of_drug_dealers">Proposed excommunication of drug dealers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Proposed excommunication of drug dealers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 14 January 2009, Bertone suggested that the church would consider taking much stronger action against drug dealers. This action might possibly include <a href="/wiki/Excommunication" title="Excommunication">excommunication</a>. He made a statement about the church's alarm at the "disaster" of drug-fuelled violence on the eve of a trip to <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support_for_universal_and_free_access_to_anti-HIV_drugs">Support for universal and free access to anti-HIV drugs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Support for universal and free access to anti-HIV drugs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 22 June 2012, in an online news story article by Cindy Wooden of <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Service" title="Catholic News Service">Catholic News Service</a> (CNS), it was reported that, in a conference in Rome on the prevention of the transmission of HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) from mothers to children sponsored by the lay <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Sant%27Egidio" title="Community of Sant'Egidio">Community of Sant'Egidio</a> (which runs the DREAM project, a free HIV prevention/treatment program in 10 African countries), the Cardinal Secretary of State urged that full and easy access to antiretroviral drugs be made free worldwide (these are drugs, such as <a href="/wiki/AZT" class="mw-redirect" title="AZT">AZT</a>, that can treat, and in some cases, can prevent people from getting, HIV; they do not presently cure HIV once it has infected someone). Bertone acknowledged that the only way this would be remotely feasible, especially in Africa – where the efforts would be most needed and focused – would be through a collaborative effort involving aid groups, governments, donors, medical groups, pharmaceutical companies, and churches.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Our_Lady_of_Fatima">Our Lady of Fatima</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Our Lady of Fatima"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Three_Secrets_of_F%C3%A1tima#Third_Secret_controversy" title="Three Secrets of Fátima">Three Secrets of Fátima § Third Secret controversy</a></div> <p>Bertone came under fire by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Socci" title="Antonio Socci">Antonio Socci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Ferrara" title="Christopher Ferrara">Christopher Ferrara</a>, and others for allegedly manipulating the "third secret" of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Fatima" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Fatima">Our Lady of Fatima</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 2007 address on the release of his book (<i>The Last Secret of Fatima</i>), he emphasized the more private nature of apparitions, urged caution in accepting them, and said "the fullness of [Fatima's] message...touches the hearts of human beings, inviting them to conversion and to co-responsibility for the world's salvation".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Homosexuality_to_blame_for_child_abuse_by_priests">Homosexuality to blame for child abuse by priests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Homosexuality to blame for child abuse by priests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On a visit to Chile in April 2010, Bertone commented on the psychology of child abusers, suggesting a predisposition between those that are homosexual to engage in child abuse:<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Many psychologists, many psychiatrists have demonstrated that there is no relationship between celibacy and paedophilia but many others have demonstrated, I was told recently, that there is a relationship between homosexuality and paedophilia.</p></blockquote> <p>Gay rights groups condemned his remarks. The head of one gay rights organization said that for someone of Bertone's stature "to dump the blame on homosexuals ... says a lot about the current state of desperation in the Vatican".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Holocaust-denying_bishop">Holocaust-denying bishop</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Holocaust-denying bishop"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1988 Bertone was appointed to a group of experts that assisted <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Joseph Ratzinger</a> in negotiations with the excommunicated archbishop <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a>. In January 2009, Pope Benedict lifted the excommunication pronounced on four bishops created by Lefebvre as a gesture towards reconciliation. The same day, an interview on Swedish television was broadcast in which one of the bishops, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Williamson_(bishop)" title="Richard Williamson (bishop)">Richard Williamson</a>, supported ideas denying the Holocaust. An ensuing media uproar questioned why the Pope would welcome a Holocaust denier who had previously been accused of <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a>. Both Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Re" title="Giovanni Battista Re">Giovanni Battista Re</a>, prefect of the congregation for bishops, who signed the decree and Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Dar%C3%ADo_Castrill%C3%B3n_Hoyos" title="Darío Castrillón Hoyos">Darío Castrillón Hoyos</a>, president of the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission "Ecclesia Dei"</a>, which dealt with the followers of Lefebvre said that they were taken by surprise, and were never aware that Williamson was a Holocaust denier. As the Secretary of State has direct access to the pope, and oversees the implementation and coordination of his decisions, many in the media questioned why Bertone didn't ensure that an adequate background review was conducted, particularly as it would only have required an internet search. This gave the appearance of a disorganized curia.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vatileaks">Vatileaks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Vatileaks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Vatileaks" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatileaks">Vatileaks</a></div> <p>Bertone figured prominently in documents leaked to the media in which Bertone appears to have reproved the general secretary of the Vatican governorate, Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Vigan%C3%B2" title="Carlo Maria Viganò">Carlo Maria Viganò</a>, for reporting detailed evidence of nepotism, cronyism, and general mismanagement. Viganò was subsequently transferred from the Vatican to Washington D.C. as apostolic nuncio.<sup id="cite_ref-nyrb_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyrb-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bertone blamed the scandal over leaked Vatican documents on unethical journalists and a spirit of hostility toward the Catholic Church. "Many journalists play at imitating <a href="/wiki/Dan_Brown" title="Dan Brown">Dan Brown</a>", said Bertone, in an interview with the Italian magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Famiglia_Cristiana" title="Famiglia Cristiana">Famiglia Cristiana</a></i>. "They continue to invent fables or repeat legends." Bertone made his remarks as Vatican judges were investigating leaks to Italian journalists of dozens of documents, including letters to the pope and encrypted cables from Vatican embassies around the world, several of which hint at power struggles among officials of the Holy See. "The truth is that there is a malicious will to produce division" among the collaborators of Pope Benedict XVI, he said.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During and after the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_leaks_scandal" title="Vatican leaks scandal">Vatican leaks scandal</a>, Bertone was widely blamed for <a href="/wiki/Cronyism" title="Cronyism">cronyism</a>, failing to address <a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and failing to prevent many financial and ethical scandals under <a href="/wiki/Benedict_XVI" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedict XVI">Benedict XVI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters1/10/2013_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters1/10/2013-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_irregularities">Financial irregularities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Financial irregularities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During an inflight news conference on his return to Rome from the Holy Land in May 2014, Pope Francis confirmed reports the Vatican was investigating charges against its former secretary of state misappropriated $20 million from the Vatican bank. The pope also was asked about reports that Bertone mishandled 15 million euro (about $20.5 million) in funds held by the <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Works_of_Religion" title="Institute for the Works of Religion">Institute for the Works of Religion</a>, commonly known as the Vatican Bank. "It's something being studied, it's not clear," the Pope said. "Maybe it's the truth, but at this moment it's not definitive."<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This money was transferred to a private company, Lux Vide when Bertone was in charge under Benedict XVI.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apartment_renovation">Apartment renovation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Apartment renovation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between November 2013 and May 2014, Bertone combined and renovated two apartments in the San Carlo Palace in Vatican City to create a single residence for himself, a secretary, and three nuns, reportedly a total of 604-square-metre (6,500 sq ft) and a roof terrace. Bertone said he was renovating the apartment at his own expense, that it is half the size reported, and that Pope Francis telephoned him to express support when he was attacked in the press for expenditure.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bertone responded to reports that monies belonging to <a href="/wiki/Bambino_Ges%C3%B9_Hospital" title="Bambino Gesù Hospital">Bambino Gesù Hospital</a> had been used for the construction work by donating 150,000 euros to the hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 July 2017, the Tribunal of the Vatican City State charged Giuseppe Profiti, former president of the hospital, and Massimo Spina, its former treasurer, with illicitly using 422,000 euros belonging to the hospital's foundation to renovate the apartment.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Profiti said the monies were an investment that would enable the foundation to hold fundraising events at the property.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No charges have been filed against either Bertone, the Castelli Re construction company or its owner, Gianantonio Bandera, a longtime Bertone associate who pocketed nearly a quarter-million euros for the whole project.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the trial's first hearing on 18 July, it was announced that the trial was adjourned until 7 September<sup id="cite_ref-usnewstrial_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usnewstrial-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that court officials were open to the possibility that Bertone could be summoned as a witness when the trial resumes.<sup id="cite_ref-usnewstrial_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usnewstrial-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 7 September, the trial began and went into recess after one day when it was announced that new evidence emerged<sup id="cite_ref-trialresumes1_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trialresumes1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the defense and the prosecution requested more time to study a memorandum from Bambino Gesu Hospital's current head given to the tribunal a day earlier emerged.<sup id="cite_ref-trialresumes2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trialresumes2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dates were set for the court to be in session again on 19, 20, 21 and 22 September, first to hear from the defendants themselves, and then from roughly 7 projected witnesses, four called by prosecutors and three by the two defense teams<sup id="cite_ref-trialresumes1_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trialresumes1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> between 21 and 22 September.<sup id="cite_ref-trialresumes2_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trialresumes2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No details have emerged on whether or not Bertone will testify. </p><p>On 19 September, Profiti testified that hospital funds were used for the renovation with the idea that Cardinal Bertone could host intimate dinners for eight to ten wealthy potential donors at a time at least six times a year,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sept19_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sept19-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though no meetings were ever reported to have been held in Bertone's apartment.<sup id="cite_ref-sept19_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sept19-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 22 September, an official of the Government of the Vatican City State testified that the remodeling project for Bertone's apartment bypassed the normal competitive bidding process and was "singular" and "anomalous."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same day, Spina testified that his immediate superior "told me there were no problems because Cardinal Bertone had clarified the situation with the Holy Father in person."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 October 2017, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gianantonio_Bandera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gianantonio Bandera (page does not exist)">Gianantonio Bandera</a>, an Italian businessman whose now-bankrupt contracting firm renovated the apartment,<sup id="cite_ref-oct3_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oct3-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> said that Bertone personally oversaw the renovation and contacted him directly without taking bids, as would ordinarily be required.<sup id="cite_ref-oct3_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oct3-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The three-judge tribunal overseeing the trial later acquitted Spina and convicted Profiti of a lesser offense of abuse of office after the defense argued that the money was intended as an investment to benefit the hospital rather than Bertone's apartment.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vatican_response_to_lavish_lifestyle">Vatican response to lavish lifestyle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Vatican response to lavish lifestyle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 15 February 2018, Pope Francis ordered Vatican officials and bishops to lead simple lives and renounce any desire for power after they retired from senior positions. A number of Vatican officials and bishops, including Bertone, had come under fire in recent years for holding on to luxuries, such as large apartments and in some cases even police escorts, after they left office. Aside from the controversy surrounding his apartment, Bertone was also seen using escorts of Vatican and Italian police to move around Rome even after he retired.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="McCarrick_sex_abuse">McCarrick sex abuse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: McCarrick sex abuse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Restrictions Bertone and other Vatican officials placed on former cardinal <a href="/wiki/Theodore_McCarrick" title="Theodore McCarrick">Theodore McCarrick</a> after the allegations of sex abuse surfaced also went unenforced.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 May 2019 a letter from September 2008 was published, which revealed that McCarrick told Bertone that he had slept with adult seminarians, while denying sexual relations.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement">Retirement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Retirement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bertone's retirement as Secretary of State was announced on 31 August 2013 and became effective on 15 October.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pope Francis designated <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a> as his successor.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters1/10/2013_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters1/10/2013-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A few weeks after Bertone turned 80, Pope Francis named Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Tauran" title="Jean-Louis Tauran">Jean-Louis Tauran</a> to replace him as <a href="/wiki/Camerlengo" title="Camerlengo">Camerlengo</a> of the Holy Roman Church on 20 December 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview in 2015 Bertone said that he was not surprised by the <a href="/wiki/Resignation_of_Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI">resignation of Pope Benedict</a>: "I had guessed it, but put it out my thoughts. I knew long in advance, at least seven months before. And I had many doubts. We debated the topic at length after it seemed already decided. I told him: Holy Father, you must bestow upon us <a href="/wiki/Jesus_of_Nazareth:_The_Infancy_Narratives" title="Jesus of Nazareth: The Infancy Narratives">the third volume on Jesus of Nazareth</a> and the encyclopedia of faith, before you sign things over to Pope Francis".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distinctions">Distinctions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Distinctions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2010, President <a href="/wiki/Lech_Kaczy%C5%84ski" title="Lech Kaczyński">Lech Kaczyński</a> of Poland conferred on Bertone the country's highest decoration for foreign nationals, the Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Merit of Poland">Order of Merit of Poland</a>, "for the lofty merits acquired in the development of the collaboration between the Republic of Poland and the Holy See and for the work carried out in favor of the Church in Poland." </p><p>Bertone also received the Gaudium et Spes Award at the <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Columbus" title="Knights of Columbus">Knights of Columbus</a> Supreme Convention in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The other five cardinals were <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Re" title="Giovanni Battista Re">Giovanni Battista Re</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Meisner" title="Joachim Meisner">Joachim Meisner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jozef_Tomko" title="Jozef Tomko">Jozef Tomko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renato_Martino" title="Renato Martino">Renato Raffaele Martino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Marchisano" title="Francesco Marchisano">Francesco Marchisano</a>. Bertone and Re (the presiding cardinal at the conclave) represented the cardinal-bishops; Meisner and Tomko represented the cardinal priests; and Martino and Marchisano represented the cardinal-deacons.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Staking_a_Wager-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Staking_a_Wager_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Staking_a_Wager_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/28/world/europe/vatican-pope-odds/index.html">"Staking a wager on the next pope"</a>. 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ZENIT. 27 August 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zenit.org/article-2171?l=english">the original</a> on 19 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archbishop+Milingo+Criticizes+Moon+Sect&rft.pub=ZENIT&rft.date=2001-08-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zenit.org%2Farticle-2171%3Fl%3Denglish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATarcisio+Bertone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171224052646/http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/conclave-xxi.htm#2005">"The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Conclaves of the 21st Century (2005)"</a>. Salvador Miranda. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Cardinals+of+the+Holy+Roman+Church%3A+Conclaves+of+the+21st+Century+%282005%29&rft.pub=Salvador+Miranda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.fiu.edu%2F~mirandas%2Fconclave-xxi.htm%232005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATarcisio+Bertone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2013list-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2013list_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2013list_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenit.org/articles/list-of-cardinal-electors/">"List of Cardinal Electors"</a>. <i>Zenit</i>. 12 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(20 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141220213552/http://ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/francis-names-new-camerlengo-interim-leader-church-popes-death">"Francis names new Camerlengo, interim leader of Vatican at pope's death"</a>. <i>National Catholic Reporter</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/francis-names-new-camerlengo-interim-leader-church-popes-death">the original</a> on 20 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Catholic+Reporter&rft.atitle=Francis+names+new+Camerlengo%2C+interim+leader+of+Vatican+at+pope%27s+death&rft.date=2014-12-20&rft.aulast=McElwee&rft.aufirst=Joshua+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fncronline.org%2Fblogs%2Fncr-today%2Ffrancis-names-new-camerlengo-interim-leader-church-popes-death&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATarcisio+Bertone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPurgatori" class="citation news cs1">Purgatori, Andrea. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/18/cardinal-tarcisio-bertone-pope_n_6699464.html">"Meet Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, Pope Francis' Former Secretary Of State"</a>. <i>The Huffington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Meet+Cardinal+Tarcisio+Bertone%2C+Pope+Francis%27+Former+Secretary+Of+State&rft.aulast=Purgatori&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2015%2F02%2F18%2Fcardinal-tarcisio-bertone-pope_n_6699464.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATarcisio+Bertone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/10077/cardinal-bertone-receives-gaudium-et-spes-award-from-knights">"Cardinal Bertone receives Gaudium et Spes award from Knights"</a>. catholicnewsagency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cardinal+Bertone+receives+Gaudium+et+Spes+award+from+Knights&rft.pub=catholicnewsagency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F10077%2Fcardinal-bertone-receives-gaudium-et-spes-award-from-knights&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATarcisio+Bertone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarcisio_Bertone&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tarcisio_Bertone" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tarcisio Bertone"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Tarcisio Bertone</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Tarcisio_Bertone" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Tarcisio Bertone">Tarcisio Bertone</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bertone_t.html">"Bertone Card. Tarcisio, S.D.B."</a> <a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160919140319/http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bertone_t.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bertone+Card.+Tarcisio%2C+S.D.B.&rft.pub=Holy+See+Press+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fsalastampa%2Fen%2Fdocumentation%2Fcardinali_biografie%2Fcardinali_bio_bertone_t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATarcisio+Bertone" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-pages.com/hierarchy/cardinals_bio.asp?ref=218">Biography at catholic-pages.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20091026034347/http://www.geocities.com/hashanayobel/cardinals/profile1.htm%23Bertone">Tarcisio Bertone, Salesian Cardinal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x7UpxrG4Nm4"><span class="plainlinks">Salt+Light TV Interview: Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, SDB – Witness</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070205204021/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1584774,00.html">Bertone interview</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101127050219/http://richardsipe.com/Doyle/1993-2007/2007-11-22-letter_to_cardinal_bertone.htm">Thomas P. Doyle – Letter to Cardinal Bertone</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21558249">God's bankers – Economist</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/daily/2014/06/16/fall-vice-pope-bertone/">Fall of the Vice-Pope - New York Review of Books</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roberto_Giannatelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roberto Giannatelli (page does not exist)">Roberto Giannatelli</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Salesian_Pontifical_University" title="Salesian Pontifical University">Rector Magnificus of Salesian Pontifical University</a> </b><br />1 June 1989 – 4 June 1991 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Raffaele_Farina" title="Raffaele Farina">Raffaele Farina</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albino_Mensa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albino Mensa (page does not exist)">Albino Mensa</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Vercelli" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vercelli">Roman Catholic Archbishop of Vercelli</a> </b><br />4 June 1991 – 13 June 1995 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Masseroni" title="Enrico Masseroni">Enrico Masseroni</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Bovone" title="Alberto Bovone">Alberto Bovone</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a> </b><br />13 June 1995 – 10 December 2002 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Amato" title="Angelo Amato">Angelo Amato</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dionigi_Tettamanzi" title="Dionigi Tettamanzi">Dionigi Tettamanzi</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Genoa" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa">Roman Catholic Archbishop of Genoa</a> </b><br />10 December 2002 – 15 September 2006 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Bagnasco" title="Angelo Bagnasco">Angelo Bagnasco</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pio_Laghi" title="Pio Laghi">Pio Laghi</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Ausiliatrice,_Rome" title="Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Rome">Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria Ausiliatrice in Via Tuscolana</a> </b><br />21 October 2003 – 10 May 2008 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Sardi" title="Paolo Sardi">Paolo Sardi</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Sodano" title="Angelo Sodano">Angelo Sodano</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> </b><br />15 September 2006 – 15 October 2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Mart%C3%ADnez_Somalo" title="Eduardo Martínez Somalo">Eduardo Martínez Somalo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church</a> </b><br />4 April 2007 – 20 December 2014 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Tauran" title="Jean-Louis Tauran">Jean-Louis Tauran</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_L%C3%B3pez_Trujillo" title="Alfonso López Trujillo">Alfonso López Trujillo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Bishop_of_Frascati" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Bishop of Frascati">Cardinal Bishop of Frascati</a> </b><br />10 May 2008 – present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:College_of_Cardinals" title="Template:College of Cardinals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:College_of_Cardinals" title="Template talk:College of Cardinals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:College_of_Cardinals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:College of Cardinals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="College_of_Cardinals945" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_cardinals" title="List of current cardinals">List of current cardinals</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Order of precedence in the Catholic Church">order of precedence</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal bishop">Cardinal bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Re" title="Giovanni Battista Re">Re</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Sandri" title="Leonardo Sandri">Sandri</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francis_Arinze" title="Francis Arinze">Arinze</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bertone</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saraiva_Martins" title="José Saraiva Martins">Saraiva Martins</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Parolin</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Marc_Ouellet" title="Marc Ouellet">Ouellet</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Filoni" title="Fernando Filoni">Filoni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Beniamino_Stella" title="Beniamino Stella">Stella</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Antonio_Tagle" title="Luis Antonio Tagle">Tagle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Francis_Prevost" title="Robert Francis Prevost">Prevost</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bechara_Boutros_al-Rahi" title="Bechara Boutros al-Rahi">Raï</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Rapha%C3%ABl_I_Sako" title="Louis Raphaël I Sako">Sako</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal priest">Cardinal priests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Michael_Michai_Kitbunchu" title="Michael Michai Kitbunchu">Kitbunchu</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Paul_Poupard" title="Paul Poupard">Poupard</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wetter" title="Friedrich Wetter">Wetter</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Jes%C3%BAs_L%C3%B3pez_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez">López Rodríguez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Roger_Mahony" title="Roger Mahony">Mahony</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Camillo_Ruini" title="Camillo Ruini">Ruini</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Darmaatmadja" title="Julius Darmaatmadja">Darmaatmadja</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Wamala" title="Emmanuel Wamala">Wamala</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Adam_Maida" title="Adam Maida">Maida</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vinko_Pulji%C4%87" title="Vinko Puljić">Puljić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Juan_Sandoval_%C3%8D%C3%B1iguez" title="Juan Sandoval Íñiguez">Sandoval Íñiguez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/James_Stafford" title="James Stafford">Stafford</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Salvatore_De_Giorgi" title="Salvatore De Giorgi">De Giorgi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Mar%C3%ADa_Rouco_Varela" title="Antonio María Rouco Varela">Rouco Varela</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Polycarp_Pengo" title="Polycarp Pengo">Pengo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Sch%C3%B6nborn" title="Christoph Schönborn">Schönborn</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Norberto_Rivera_Carrera" title="Norberto Rivera Carrera">Rivera Carrera</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/J%C4%81nis_Pujats" title="Jānis Pujats">Pujats</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Crescenzio_Sepe" title="Crescenzio Sepe">Sepe</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kasper" title="Walter Kasper">Kasper</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Audrys_Ba%C4%8Dkis" title="Audrys Bačkis">Bačkis</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Ossa" title="Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa">Errázuriz Ossa</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Napier" title="Wilfrid Napier">Napier</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Maradiaga" title="Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga">Rodríguez Maradiaga</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Juan_Luis_Cipriani_Thorne" title="Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne">Cipriani Thorne</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n_Herranz_Casado" title="Julián Herranz Casado">Herranz Casado</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Scola" title="Angelo Scola">Scola</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Olubunmi_Okogie" title="Anthony Olubunmi Okogie">Okogie</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Zubeir_Wako" title="Gabriel Zubeir Wako">Zubeir Wako</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Justin_Rigali" title="Justin Rigali">Rigali</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ennio_Antonelli" title="Ennio Antonelli">Antonelli</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Turkson" title="Peter Turkson">Turkson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josip_Bozani%C4%87" title="Josip Bozanić">Bozanić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_Minh_M%E1%BA%ABn" title="Phạm Minh Mẫn">Mẫn</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Barbarin" title="Philippe Barbarin">Barbarin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ter_Erd%C5%91" title="Péter Erdő">Erdő</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Franc_Rode" title="Franc Rode">Rodé</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Vallini" title="Agostino Vallini">Vallini</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gaudencio_Rosales" title="Gaudencio Rosales">Rosales</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Ricard" title="Jean-Pierre Ricard">Ricard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ca%C3%B1izares_Llovera" title="Antonio Cañizares Llovera">Cañizares Llovera</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Patrick_O%27Malley" title="Seán Patrick O'Malley">O'Malley</a></i> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Dziwisz" title="Stanisław Dziwisz">Dziwisz</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Zen" title="Joseph Zen">Zen</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Lajolo" title="Giovanni Lajolo">Lajolo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Comastri" title="Angelo Comastri">Comastri</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Ry%C5%82ko" title="Stanisław Ryłko">Ryłko</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Raffaele_Farina" title="Raffaele Farina">Farina</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Brady_(cardinal)" title="Seán Brady (cardinal)">Brady</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Llu%C3%ADs_Mart%C3%ADnez_i_Sistach" title="Lluís Martínez i Sistach">Martínez Sistach</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Vingt-Trois" title="André Vingt-Trois">Vingt-Trois</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Bagnasco" title="Angelo Bagnasco">Bagnasco</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore-Adrien_Sarr" title="Théodore-Adrien Sarr">Sarr</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Gracias" title="Oswald Gracias">Gracias</a></i> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Robles_Ortega" title="Francisco Robles Ortega">Robles Ortega</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_DiNardo" title="Daniel DiNardo">DiNardo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Odilo_Scherer" title="Odilo Scherer">Scherer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Njue" title="John Njue">Njue</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Estanislao_Esteban_Karlic" title="Estanislao Esteban Karlic">Karlic</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sarah" title="Robert Sarah">Sarah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Monterisi" title="Francesco Monterisi">Monterisi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Leo_Burke" title="Raymond Leo Burke">Burke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Koch" title="Kurt Koch">Koch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Piacenza" title="Mauro Piacenza">Piacenza</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Ravasi" title="Gianfranco Ravasi">Ravasi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Romeo" title="Paolo Romeo">Romeo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Donald_Wuerl" title="Donald Wuerl">Wuerl</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Raymundo_Damasceno_Assis" title="Raymundo Damasceno Assis">Assis</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kazimierz_Nycz" title="Kazimierz Nycz">Nycz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Ranjith" title="Malcolm Ranjith">Ranjith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Marx" title="Reinhard Marx">Marx</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Brandm%C3%BCller" title="Walter Brandmüller">Brandmüller</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Monteiro_de_Castro" title="Manuel Monteiro de Castro">Monteiro de Castro</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Santos_Abril_y_Castell%C3%B3" title="Santos Abril y Castelló">Abril y Castelló</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Maria_Vegli%C3%B2" title="Antonio Maria Vegliò">Vegliò</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bertello" title="Giuseppe Bertello">Bertello</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Coccopalmerio" title="Francesco Coccopalmerio">Coccopalmerio</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Braz_de_Aviz" title="João Braz de Aviz">Aviz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Frederick_O%27Brien" title="Edwin Frederick O'Brien">O'Brien</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Calcagno" title="Domenico Calcagno">Calcagno</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Versaldi" title="Giuseppe Versaldi">Versaldi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Alencherry" title="George Alencherry">Alencherry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Collins_(cardinal)" title="Thomas Collins (cardinal)">Collins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dominik_Duka" title="Dominik Duka">Duka</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wim_Eijk" title="Wim Eijk">Eijk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Betori" title="Giuseppe Betori">Betori</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_M._Dolan" title="Timothy M. Dolan">Dolan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Woelki" title="Rainer Woelki">Woelki</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/John_Tong_Hon" title="John Tong Hon">Tong</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Mure%C8%99an" title="Lucian Mureșan">Mureșan</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Harvey" title="James Michael Harvey">Harvey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Baselios_Cleemis" title="Baselios Cleemis">Thottunkal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/John_Onaiyekan" title="John Onaiyekan">Onaiyekan</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Salazar_G%C3%B3mez" title="Rubén Salazar Gómez">Salazar Gómez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Baldisseri" title="Lorenzo Baldisseri">Baldisseri</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ludwig_M%C3%BCller" title="Gerhard Ludwig Müller">Müller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Nichols" title="Vincent Nichols">Nichols</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_Brenes" title="Leopoldo Brenes">Brenes Solórzano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rald_Lacroix" title="Gérald Lacroix">Lacroix</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Kutwa" title="Jean-Pierre Kutwa">Kutwa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Orani_Jo%C3%A3o_Tempesta" title="Orani João Tempesta">Tempesta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gualtiero_Bassetti" title="Gualtiero Bassetti">Bassetti</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Aurelio_Poli" title="Mario Aurelio Poli">Poli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Yeom_Soo-jung" title="Andrew Yeom Soo-jung">Yeom</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Ezzati" title="Ricardo Ezzati">Ezzati Andrello</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Ou%C3%A9draogo_(cardinal)" title="Philippe Ouédraogo (cardinal)">Ouédraogo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Quevedo" title="Orlando Quevedo">Quevedo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chibly_Langlois" title="Chibly Langlois">Langlois</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Clemente" title="Manuel Clemente">Clemente</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Berhaneyesus_Demerew_Souraphiel" title="Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel">Souraphiel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Dew_(cardinal)" title="John Dew (cardinal)">Dew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Menichelli" title="Edoardo Menichelli">Menichelli</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_Nh%C6%A1n" title="Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn">Nhơn</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Su%C3%A1rez_Inda" title="Alberto Suárez Inda">Suárez Inda</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maung_Bo" title="Charles Maung Bo">Bo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kriengsak_Kovitvanit" title="Kriengsak Kovitvanit">Kovithavanij</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Montenegro" title="Francesco Montenegro">Montenegro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sturla" title="Daniel Sturla">Sturla Berhouet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Bl%C3%A1zquez" title="Ricardo Blázquez">Blázquez Pérez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Lacunza_Maestroju%C3%A1n" title="José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán">Lacunza Maestrojuán</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arlindo_Gomes_Furtado" title="Arlindo Gomes Furtado">Gomes Furtado</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soane_Patita_Paini_Mafi" title="Soane Patita Paini Mafi">Mafi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Luis_H%C3%A9ctor_Villalba" title="Luis Héctor Villalba">Villalba</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Duarte_Langa" title="Júlio Duarte Langa">Langa</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dieudonn%C3%A9_Nzapalainga" title="Dieudonné Nzapalainga">Nzapalainga</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Osoro_Sierra" title="Carlos Osoro Sierra">Osoro Sierra</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rgio_da_Rocha" title="Sérgio da Rocha">Rocha</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blase_J._Cupich" title="Blase J. Cupich">Cupich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Patrick_D%27Rozario" title="Patrick D'Rozario">D'Rozario</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Baltazar_Enrique_Porras_Cardozo" title="Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo">Porras Cardozo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jozef_De_Kesel" title="Jozef De Kesel">De Kesel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Piat" title="Maurice Piat">Piat</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Aguiar_Retes" title="Carlos Aguiar Retes">Aguiar Retes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ribat" title="John Ribat">Ribat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Tobin" title="Joseph W. Tobin">Tobin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jean_Zerbo" title="Jean Zerbo">Zerbo</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Omella" title="Juan José Omella">Omella Omella</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anders_Arborelius" title="Anders Arborelius">Arborelius</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Louis-Marie_Ling_Mangkhanekhoun" title="Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun">Mangkhanekhoun</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Rosa_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Gregorio Rosa Chávez">Rosa Chávez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angelo_De_Donatis" title="Angelo De Donatis">De Donatis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Coutts" title="Joseph Coutts">Coutts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Marto" title="António Marto">Santos Marto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Barreto" title="Pedro Barreto">Barreto Jimeno</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9_Tsarahazana" title="Désiré Tsarahazana">Tsarahazana</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Petrocchi" title="Giuseppe Petrocchi">Petrocchi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquino_Manyo_Maeda" title="Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda">Maeda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Toribio_Ticona_Porco" title="Toribio Ticona Porco">Ticona Porco</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Suharyo_Hardjoatmodjo" title="Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo">Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Garc%C3%ADa_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Juan García Rodríguez">García Rodríguez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fridolin_Ambongo_Besungu" title="Fridolin Ambongo Besungu">Ambongo Besungu</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Hollerich" title="Jean-Claude Hollerich">Hollerich</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Leonel_Ramazzini_Imeri" title="Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri">Ramazzini Imeri</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Zuppi" title="Matteo Zuppi">Zuppi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_L%C3%B3pez_Romero" title="Cristóbal López Romero">López Romero</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sigitas_Tamkevi%C4%8Dius" title="Sigitas Tamkevičius">Tamkevičius</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Kambanda" title="Antoine Kambanda">Kambanda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilton_Daniel_Gregory" title="Wilton Daniel Gregory">Gregory</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jose_Advincula" title="Jose Advincula">Advincula</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Celestino_A%C3%B3s_Braco" title="Celestino Aós Braco">Aós Braco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Paolo_Lojudice" title="Augusto Paolo Lojudice">Lojudice</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Arizmendi_Esquivel" title="Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel">Arizmendi Esquivel</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marc_Aveline" title="Jean-Marc Aveline">Aveline</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Okpaleke" title="Peter Okpaleke">Okpaleke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Ulrich_Steiner" title="Leonardo Ulrich Steiner">Steiner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Filipe_Neri_Ferr%C3%A3o" title="Filipe Neri Ferrão">Ferrão</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._McElroy" title="Robert W. McElroy">McElroy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virg%C3%ADlio_do_Carmo_da_Silva" title="Virgílio do Carmo da Silva">Silva</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Cantoni" title="Oscar Cantoni">Cantoni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Poola" title="Anthony Poola">Poola</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Cezar_Costa" title="Paulo Cezar Costa">Costa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Goh" title="William Goh">Goh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adalberto_Mart%C3%ADnez_Flores" title="Adalberto Martínez Flores">Martínez Flores</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Marengo" title="Giorgio Marengo">Marengo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Enrique_Jim%C3%A9nez_Carvajal" title="Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal">Jiménez Carvajal</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Arrigo_Miglio" title="Arrigo Miglio">Miglio</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierbattista_Pizzaballa" title="Pierbattista Pizzaballa">Pizzaballa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brislin" title="Stephen Brislin">Brislin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Sixto_Rossi" title="Ángel Sixto Rossi">Rossi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Jos%C3%A9_Rueda_Aparicio" title="Luis José Rueda Aparicio">Rueda Aparacio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grzegorz_Ry%C5%9B" title="Grzegorz Ryś">Ryś</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Ameyu_Martin_Mulla" title="Stephen Ameyu Martin Mulla">Mulla</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Cobo_Cano" title="José Cobo Cano">Cano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Protase_Rugambwa" title="Protase Rugambwa">Rugambwa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Francis" title="Sebastian Francis">Francis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Chow_(bishop)" title="Stephen Chow (bishop)">Chow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_Bustillo" title="François-Xavier Bustillo">Bustillo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rico_Aguiar" title="Américo Aguiar">Aguiar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Diego_Padr%C3%B3n" title="Diego Padrón">Sánchez</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Castillo_Mattasoglio" title="Carlos Castillo Mattasoglio">Castillo Mattasoglio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Bokalic_Iglic" title="Vicente Bokalic Iglic">Bokalic Iglic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Cabrera_Herrera" title="Luis Cabrera Herrera">Cabrera Herrera</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Chomal%C3%AD_Garib" title="Fernando Chomalí Garib">Chomalí Garib</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tarcisio_Isao_Kikuchi" title="Tarcisio Isao Kikuchi">Kikuchi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Virgilio_David" title="Pablo Virgilio David">David</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ladislav_Nemet" title="Ladislav Nemet">Nemet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Spengler" title="Jaime Spengler">Spengler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ignace_Bessi_Dogbo" title="Ignace Bessi Dogbo">Bessi Dogbo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Vesco" title="Jean-Paul Vesco">Vesco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Mathieu" title="Dominique Mathieu">Mathieu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Repole" title="Roberto Repole">Repole</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Baldassare_Reina" title="Baldassare Reina">Reina</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Leo" title="Frank Leo">Leo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Bychok" title="Mykola Bychok">Bychok</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Battaglia" title="Domenico Battaglia">Battaglia</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_deacon" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal deacon">Cardinal deacons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Mamberti" title="Dominique Mamberti">Mamberti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Zenari" title="Mario Zenari">Zenari</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Farrell" title="Kevin Farrell">Farrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Simoni" title="Ernest Simoni">Simoni</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Luis_Ladaria_Ferrer" title="Luis Ladaria Ferrer">Ladaria Ferrer</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Angelo_Becciu" title="Giovanni Angelo Becciu">Becciu</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Krajewski" title="Konrad Krajewski">Krajewski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Aquilino_Bocos_Merino" title="Aquilino Bocos Merino">Bocos Merino</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tolentino_de_Mendon%C3%A7a" title="José Tolentino de Mendonça">Mendonça</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Czerny" title="Michael Czerny">Czerny</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fitzgerald_(cardinal)" title="Michael Fitzgerald (cardinal)">Fitzgerald</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Grech" title="Mario Grech">Grech</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Semeraro" title="Marcello Semeraro">Semeraro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Gambetti" title="Mauro Gambetti">Gambetti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Silvano_Maria_Tomasi" title="Silvano Maria Tomasi">Tomasi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Raniero_Cantalamessa" title="Raniero Cantalamessa">Cantalamessa</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Feroci" title="Enrico Feroci">Feroci</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Roche" title="Arthur Roche">Roche</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_You_Heung-sik" title="Lazarus You Heung-sik">You</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_V%C3%A9rgez_Alzaga" title="Fernando Vérgez Alzaga">Vérgez Alzaga</a> (CC)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Ghirlanda" title="Gianfranco Ghirlanda">Ghirlanda</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Fortunato_Frezza" title="Fortunato Frezza">Frezza</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Gugerotti" title="Claudio Gugerotti">Gugerotti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Manuel_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Víctor Manuel Fernández">Fernández</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Paul_Tscherrig" title="Emil Paul Tscherrig">Tscherrig</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christophe_Pierre" title="Christophe Pierre">Pierre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Artime" title="Ángel Fernández Artime">Artime</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Agostino_Marchetto" title="Agostino Marchetto">Marchetto</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Luis_Pascual_Dri" title="Luis Pascual Dri">Dri</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Acerbi" title="Angelo Acerbi">Acerbi</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rolandas_Makrickas" title="Rolandas Makrickas">Makrickas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Radcliffe" title="Timothy Radcliffe">Radcliffe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fabio_Baggio" title="Fabio Baggio">Baggio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Koovakad" title="George Koovakad">Koovakad</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Cardinals ineligible to participate in a <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">papal conclave</a> in <i>italics</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">(CC): 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/21px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" 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title="Portal:Italy">Italy</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44383#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2199" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134071050">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80010275">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb129316413">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb129316413">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bertone, Tarcisio"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV009432">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jx20090525013&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a 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