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Атинска демокрация – Уикипедия

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class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&amp;returnto=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&amp;returnto=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&amp;returnto=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&amp;returnto=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Външни_препратки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Външни_препратки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Външни препратки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Външни_препратки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Атинска демокрация</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 47 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheense_demokrasie" title="Atheense demokrasie – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Atheense demokrasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attische_Demokratie" title="Attische Demokratie – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Attische Demokratie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ديمقراطية أثينية – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ديمقراطية أثينية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Афінская дэмакратыя – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Афінская дэмакратыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratiezh_Aten" title="Demokratiezh Aten – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Demokratiezh Aten" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democr%C3%A0cia_atenesa" title="Democràcia atenesa – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Democràcia atenesa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimucrazia_atinesa" title="Dimucrazia atinesa – корсикански" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Dimucrazia atinesa" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсикански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_athenske_demokrati" title="Det athenske demokrati – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det athenske demokrati" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attische_Demokratie" title="Attische Demokratie – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Attische Demokratie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αθηναϊκή δημοκρατία – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αθηναϊκή δημοκρατία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athenian_democracy" title="Athenian democracy – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Athenian democracy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atena_demokratio" title="Atena demokratio – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Atena demokratio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracia_ateniense" title="Democracia ateniense – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Democracia ateniense" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateena_demokraatia" title="Ateena demokraatia – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ateena demokraatia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%AA%D9%86%DB%8C" title="دموکراسی آتنی – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دموکراسی آتنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateenan_demokratia" title="Ateenan demokratia – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ateenan demokratia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_ath%C3%A9nienne" title="Démocratie athénienne – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Démocratie athénienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jekopytyjoja_At%C3%A9na_pegua" title="Jekopytyjoja Aténa pegua – гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jekopytyjoja Aténa pegua" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הדמוקרטיה האתונאית – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הדמוקרטיה האתונאית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atenska_demokracija" title="Atenska demokracija – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Atenska demokracija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A9%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AA%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%BE%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Աթենական ժողովրդավարություն – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աթենական ժողովրդավարություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokrasi_Athena" title="Demokrasi Athena – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Demokrasi Athena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democrazia_ateniese" title="Democrazia ateniese – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Democrazia ateniese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%86%E3%83%8A%E3%82%A4%E3%81%AE%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="アテナイの民主主義 – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アテナイの民主主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%85%8C%EB%84%A4_%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="아테네 민주주의 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아테네 민주주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C4%97n%C5%B3_demokratija" title="Atėnų demokratija – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Atėnų demokratija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Афинийн ардчилал – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Афинийн ардчилал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheense_democratie" title="Atheense democratie – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Atheense democratie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athenske_demokrati" title="Athenske demokrati – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Athenske demokrati" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracia_ateniana" title="Democracia ateniana – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Democracia ateniana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokracja_ate%C5%84ska" title="Demokracja ateńska – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Demokracja ateńska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracia_ateniense" title="Democracia ateniense – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Democracia ateniense" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democra%C8%9Bia_atenian%C4%83" title="Democrația ateniană – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Democrația ateniană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Афинская демократия – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Афинская демократия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atenska_demokracija" title="Atenska demokracija – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Atenska demokracija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_in_Athens" title="Democracy in Athens – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Democracy in Athens" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%A9nska_demokracia" title="Aténska demokracia – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aténska demokracia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atenska_demokracija" title="Atenska demokracija – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Atenska demokracija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokracia_athinase" title="Demokracia athinase – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Demokracia athinase" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Атинска демократија – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Атинска демократија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_atenska_demokratin" title="Den atenska demokratin – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Den atenska demokratin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஏதெனியன் சனநாயகம் – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஏதெனியன் சனநாயகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atina_demokrasisi" title="Atina demokrasisi – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Atina demokrasisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Афінська демократія – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Афінська демократія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اتھینیہ کی دیموقراسی – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اتھینیہ کی دیموقراسی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A2n_ch%E1%BB%A7_Athena" title="Dân chủ Athena – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dân chủ Athena" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%85%B8%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="雅典式民主 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="雅典式民主" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q223767#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Athenian_democracy" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q223767" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Edit-find-replace.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Edit-find-replace.svg/40px-Edit-find-replace.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Edit-find-replace.svg/60px-Edit-find-replace.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Edit-find-replace.svg/80px-Edit-find-replace.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Тази статия <b>не е завършена и не представлява пълната информация по темата.</b> Тя се нуждае от вниманието на редактор с познания.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Ако желаете и смятате, че имате необходимите познания, моля, <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;action=edit">допишете</a> тази страница.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Атинска демокрация</b> е първата известна форма на <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Демокрация">демокрация</a> в света, появила се през V век пр.н.е. в <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Древна Атина">Древна Атина</a>&#160;– древногръцки <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Полис">полис</a>, състоящ се от днешния град Атина и околната територия в <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Атика">Атика</a>. Други гръцки полиси също са използвали тази форма по примера на Атина, но атинският модел е най-добре документиран. Той е система на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пряка демокрация">пряка демокрация</a>, при която гражданите гласуват директно законите и нормативните актове. </p><p>Информация за нея дава <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Аристотел">Аристотел</a> чрез произведението си <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Атинска полития">Атинска полития</a>, единственият негов труд за демокрациите в <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Античността">Античността</a>, запазен почти напълно. Известно е, че произведенията му, посветени на различни демокрации, надвишават сто, но някои от тях са изгубени, от други са запазени само фрагменти и не дават цялостна картина на демократичното устройство в съответния полис. </p><p>В своя апогей Атинската демокрация представлява система, в която всеки пълноправен атински гражданин е обществено-политически ангажиран, той е избиран в <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Буле">Булето</a> като представител на своята фила и е избиран за съответната длъжност в него, посредством жребий или чрез гласуване, като всяка длъжност е мандатна&#160;– една година, или един ден, или друг срок в зависимост от длъжността; в <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Ареопаг">Ареопага</a>, но след като е заемал длъжността на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Архонт">архонт</a>, всъщност в него се влиза по право и мандатността е доживотна. Пълноправният атински гражданин е избиран за колегиите на 9-те архонти и 9-те стратези, които имат съответно функции на политически и военни водачи, и също са мандатни. Това са висши органи, за които са избирани граждани от двата най-богати социални слоя. </p><p>Основна политическа роля в <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Атина">Атина</a> е имала <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Еклесия">Еклесията</a> (Народното събрание), в която е имал право на достъп всеки атински гражданин без значение на произход и имуществен ценз, можел е да бъде избиран по списък от всяка фила, също така е имал право да внася предложения за промяна на съществуващ закон или за разглеждане на свой законопроект, гласува при предложение на за изгонване на някой гражданин от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Полис">полиса</a>, за когото се счита, че е заплаха за демокрацията (т. нар. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Остракизъм">остракизъм</a>, т.е. гласуване чрез остракон (глинен чиреп)и други подобни права. Също право на достъп и право да бъде избиран е имал всеки гражданин в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Хелиея">Хелиеята</a> (подобно на Апелационен съд) без ограничения на произход и имущество. </p><p>Извън тези органи са съществували и още много други обществено-политически длъжности, чрез които цялото гражданство е било ангажирано в управлението на полиса. Освен това имотните граждани са били задължени да извършват общественополезни дейности, подобно на съвременните благотворителни акции, това са т. нар. литургии. При литургията гражданинът на собствени разноски строи например кораби за флота, организира конкурси за писане на драма, строи обществени сгради и др. </p><p>Едно от най-съществените въведения е заплащането на държавните длъжности от държавната <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хазна">хазна</a>, въведено от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Перикъл">Перикъл</a>. По този начин в политическото управление влизат и най-бедните, т. нар. тети (четвъртият социален слой според социалната стратификация на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Солон">Солон</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/athenian_const.html">The Athenian Constitution</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Външни_препратки"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.BD.D1.88.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Външни препратки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Външни препратки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Външни препратки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lifeaftercapitalism.info/politicalvisions/237-the-problem-of-democracy-today-castoriadis"><i>Проблемът на демокрацията днес</i></a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Корнелиус Касториадис">Корнелиус Касториадис</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MTZnnuyllZU">Документален Филм <i>Демокрацията в Древна Атина</i></a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5b65756c6d‐8m9s4 Cached time: 20241119155248 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.038 seconds Real time usage: 0.063 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 62/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2992/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 6/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.015/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 739653/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 46.630 1 -total 100.00% 46.630 1 Шаблон:Дописване 92.98% 43.355 1 Шаблон:Ambox --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key bgwiki:pcache:idhash:338685-0!canonical and timestamp 20241119155248 and revision id 11301377. 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