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Tillgänglig på 67 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84" title="لوي نيل – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لوي نيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lui_Neel" title="Lui Neel – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lui Neel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%84" title="لوئی نل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لوئی نل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2" title="লুই ওজেন ফেলিক্স নেএল – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুই ওজেন ফেলিক্স নেএল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%96_%D0%AD%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Луі Эжэн Фелікс Неель – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Луі Эжэн Фелікс Неель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Луи Неел – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Луи Неел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF_%CE%9D%CE%B5%CE%AD%CE%BB" title="Λουί Νεέλ – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λουί Νεέλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84" title="لویی نیل – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لویی نیل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4_%EB%84%A4%EC%97%98" title="루이 네엘 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루이 네엘" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AB_%D5%86%D5%A5%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Լուի Նեել – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուի Նեել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%87_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2" title="लुइ नील – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लुइ नील" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eugene_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugene Félix Néel – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Louis Eugene Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%A0%D7%9C" title="לואי נל – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לואי נל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Луи Неель – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Луи Неель" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Neel" title="Louis Neel – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Louis Neel" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovicus_N%C3%A9el" title="Ludovicus Néel – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ludovicus Néel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%98_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Луј Неел – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Луј Неел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B2" title="लुई यूजेन फेलिक्स नेईल – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लुई यूजेन फेलिक्स नेईल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ლუი ნეელი – mingrelianska" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლუი ნეელი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%89_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84" title="لوى نيل – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لوى نيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%84" title="لوئی نل – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لوئی نل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%87_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2" title="लुइ नील – newariska" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लुइ नील" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ルイ・ネール – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルイ・ネール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84" title="لوئیس نیل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لوئیس نیل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8" title="Неель, Луи – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Неель, Луи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%87_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2" title="लुइ नील – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="लुइ नील" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%98_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Луј Нел – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Луј Нел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%80_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="இலூயீ நீல் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலூயீ நீல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Луи Неел – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Луи Неел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%97_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Луї Неель – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Луї Неель" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84" title="لیوس نیل – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لیوس نیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E5%A5%88%E5%B0%94" title="路易·奈尔 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="路易·奈尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Louis Néel" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E5%A5%88%E7%88%BE" title="路易·奈爾 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="路易·奈爾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q155781#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;padding:.2em;float:right;clear:right;width:22em;text-align:left;font-size:88%;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton 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.infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;"><span class="fn">Louis Néel <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Nobelmedalj.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobelpristagare i fysik 1970"><img alt="Nobelpristagare i fysik 1970" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Nobelmedalj.svg/20px-Nobelmedalj.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Nobelmedalj.svg/30px-Nobelmedalj.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Nobelmedalj.svg/40px-Nobelmedalj.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Louis_N%C3%A9el_1970b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Louis_N%C3%A9el_1970b.jpg/250px-Louis_N%C3%A9el_1970b.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Louis_N%C3%A9el_1970b.jpg/375px-Louis_N%C3%A9el_1970b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Louis_N%C3%A9el_1970b.jpg/500px-Louis_N%C3%A9el_1970b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="1316" /></a></span> <div style="">Louis Néel, 1970.</div></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Född</th><td class="" style=""><span title="franska">Louis Eugène Félix Néel</span><sup id="cite_ref-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/22_november" title="22 november">22 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1904" title="1904">1904</a><sup id="cite_ref-392b0f0e95a94564e5f68e47b5ea825937c913d6_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-392b0f0e95a94564e5f68e47b5ea825937c913d6-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-b34e0a4d43349b8f557608eae6facdb9f1b9c725_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b34e0a4d43349b8f557608eae6facdb9f1b9c725-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89528a1cea54419ad9e77e3fa12c54fbc32806f8_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89528a1cea54419ad9e77e3fa12c54fbc32806f8-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyons_tredje_arrondissement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyons tredje arrondissement [inte skriven än]">Lyons tredje arrondissement</a><sup id="cite_ref-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Död</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/17_november" title="17 november">17 november</a> <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a><sup id="cite_ref-392b0f0e95a94564e5f68e47b5ea825937c913d6_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-392b0f0e95a94564e5f68e47b5ea825937c913d6-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89528a1cea54419ad9e77e3fa12c54fbc32806f8_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89528a1cea54419ad9e77e3fa12c54fbc32806f8-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-f35429d89f6b2281d7b218a4ef13c60f9036522d_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f35429d89f6b2281d7b218a4ef13c60f9036522d-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (95 år)<br /><a href="/wiki/Brive-la-Gaillarde" title="Brive-la-Gaillarde">Brive-la-Gaillarde</a><sup id="cite_ref-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Begravd</th><td class="etikett" style=""><span class="modulwikidata2_missingswedishlabel" title="norskt bokmål" data-q="Q110333979">cimetière d'Enlias</span><sup id="cite_ref-454f33cee0d6edafc812913fb137104bf9de6eb2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-454f33cee0d6edafc812913fb137104bf9de6eb2-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Medborgare i</th><td class="kategori" style=""><a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Utbildad vid</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure" title="École normale supérieure">École normale supérieure</a>, <time datetime="1928">1928</time><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_du_Parc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée du Parc [inte skriven än]">Lycée du Parc</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vetenskapsfakulteten_i_Universitetet_i_Paris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vetenskapsfakulteten i Universitetet i Paris [inte skriven än]">vetenskapsfakulteten i Universitetet i Paris</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Strasbourgs_universitet" title="Strasbourgs universitet">Strasbourgs universitet</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_Saint-Louis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée Saint-Louis [inte skriven än]">Lycée Saint-Louis</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155781?uselang=sv#P69"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Sysselsättning</th><td class="roll" style=""><a href="/wiki/Fysiker" title="Fysiker">Fysiker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Universitetsl%C3%A4rare" title="Universitetslärare">universitetslärare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forskare" title="Forskare">forskare</a><sup id="cite_ref-1bad169e1b3936d154a39387743f60df3004b8a5_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1bad169e1b3936d154a39387743f60df3004b8a5-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Arbetsgivare</th><td class="org" style=""><a href="/wiki/Centre_national_de_la_recherche_scientifique" title="Centre national de la recherche scientifique">Centre national de la recherche scientifique</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Institut_polytechnique_de_Grenoble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institut polytechnique de Grenoble [inte skriven än]">Institut polytechnique de Grenoble</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Grenoble-Alpes" title="Université Grenoble-Alpes">Université Grenoble Alpes</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Strasbourgs_universitet" title="Strasbourgs universitet">Strasbourgs universitet</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; text-align:left">Utmärkelser</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;padding-left:1em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9lix_Robin-priset&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Félix Robin-priset [inte skriven än]">Félix Robin-priset</a><small> (1938)</small><sup id="cite_ref-8e4ae1d5c96ce3212c9b9d9abfae81fd8571f775_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8e4ae1d5c96ce3212c9b9d9abfae81fd8571f775-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A9daille_Blondel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Médaille Blondel [inte skriven än]">Médaille Blondel</a><small> (1948)</small><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holweck-priset&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holweck-priset [inte skriven än]">Holweck-priset</a><small> (1952)</small><sup id="cite_ref-b2036e4ff6ed9cb7cece344787a80a51dffbb8d7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b2036e4ff6ed9cb7cece344787a80a51dffbb8d7-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Riddare av Orden för sociala förtjänster<small> (1963)</small><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tre_fysikers_pris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tre fysikers pris [inte skriven än]">Tre fysikers pris</a><small> (1963)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_d%27or_du_CNRS" title="Médaille d'or du CNRS">CNRS guldmedalj</a><small> (1965)</small><sup id="cite_ref-82c9a1275808a98d7031888fc6ff00bd91d50dea_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82c9a1275808a98d7031888fc6ff00bd91d50dea-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1bad169e1b3936d154a39387743f60df3004b8a5_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1bad169e1b3936d154a39387743f60df3004b8a5-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Utl%C3%A4ndsk_ledamot_av_Royal_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Utländsk ledamot av Royal Society">Utländsk ledamot av Royal Society</a><small> (1966)</small><sup id="cite_ref-a5a966e2bce950dcc181ed494393878d71237e0d_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a5a966e2bce950dcc181ed494393878d71237e0d-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Nobelpriset_i_fysik" title="Nobelpriset i fysik">Nobelpriset i fysik</a><small> (1970)</small><sup id="cite_ref-751d80bdac8676944a09debfe8f5d377b023be96_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-751d80bdac8676944a09debfe8f5d377b023be96-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hedersdoktor_vid_Universidad_Complutense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hedersdoktor vid Universidad Complutense [inte skriven än]">Hedersdoktor vid Universidad Complutense</a><small> (1978)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Storkorset_av_Nationalf%C3%B6rtj%C3%A4nstorden" class="mw-redirect" title="Storkorset av Nationalförtjänstorden">Storkorset av Nationalförtjänstorden</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concours_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concours général [inte skriven än]">Concours général</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kommend%C3%B6r_av_Akademiska_palmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kommendör av Akademiska palmen">Kommendör av Akademiska palmen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Croix_de_Guerre" title="Croix de Guerre">Croix de Guerre</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Storkors_av_Hederslegionen" class="mw-redirect" title="Storkors av Hederslegionen">Storkors av Hederslegionen</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left" class=""><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ItemByTitle/svwiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" class="extiw" title="d:Special:ItemByTitle/svwiki/Louis Néel">Redigera Wikidata</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Louis Eugène Félix Néel </b>, född <a href="/wiki/22_november" title="22 november">22 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1904" title="1904">1904</a> i <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, död <a href="/wiki/17_november" title="17 november">17 november</a> <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> i <a href="/wiki/Brive-la-Gaillarde" title="Brive-la-Gaillarde">Brive-la-Gaillarde</a>, var en <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">fransk</a> <a href="/wiki/Fysiker" title="Fysiker">fysiker</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografi">Biografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_N%C3%A9el&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Biografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_N%C3%A9el&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Biografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Néel studerade vid Lycée du Parc i Lyon och därefter vid <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Normale_Sup%C3%A9rieure" class="mw-redirect" title="École Normale Supérieure">École Normale Supérieure</a> i <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. Han tog sin doktorsgrad vid <a href="/wiki/Universitetet_i_Strasbourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitetet i Strasbourg">universitetet i Strasbourg</a>. </p><p>Néels bidrag till <a href="/wiki/Fasta_tillst%C3%A5ndets_fysik" title="Fasta tillståndets fysik">fasta tillståndets fysik</a> har hittat många användbara tillämpningar, särskilt i utvecklingen av förbättrade <a href="/wiki/Datorminnen" class="mw-redirect" title="Datorminnen">datorminnen</a>. Omkring 1930 föreslog han att en ny form av magnetiskt beteende kan finnas, kallat <a href="/wiki/Antiferromagnetism" title="Antiferromagnetism">antiferromagnetism</a>, i motsats till <a href="/wiki/Ferromagnetism" title="Ferromagnetism">ferromagnetism</a>. Över en viss temperatur (Néel-temperaturen) avstannar detta beteende. Néel påpekade 1947 att material också kunde uppträda med <a href="/wiki/Ferrimagnetism" title="Ferrimagnetism">ferrimagnetism</a>. Han har också gett en förklaring av den svaga magnetismen hos vissa stenar, vilket möjliggör studier av historien för <a href="/wiki/Jordens_magnetf%C3%A4lt" title="Jordens magnetfält">jordens magnetfält</a>. </p><p>Néel delade 1970 års <a href="/wiki/Nobelpriset_i_fysik" title="Nobelpriset i fysik">Nobelpris i fysik</a> med <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Hannes Alfvén</a> och fick det med motiveringen <i>”för grundläggande insatser och upptäckter rörande antiferromagnetism och ferrimagnetism som lett till betydelsefulla tillämpningar inom det fasta tillståndets fysik”</i>. <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_N%C3%A9el&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_N%C3%A9el&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="plainlinks"><i>Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page">engelskspråkiga Wikipedia</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el">tidigare version</a>.</i></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9_1-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-5b23db6d6be4023769d3a89a2ac474174ded3aa9_1-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>matchID</i>, matchID-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deces.matchid.io/id/caPEW78rV0Ud">caPEW78rV0Ud</a>, läst: 22 maj 2023.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-392b0f0e95a94564e5f68e47b5ea825937c913d6-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-392b0f0e95a94564e5f68e47b5ea825937c913d6_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-392b0f0e95a94564e5f68e47b5ea825937c913d6_2-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>SNAC</i>, SNAC Ark-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6bz6fhz">w6bz6fhz</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ica2012.ica.org/files/pdf/Full%20papers%20upload/ica12Final00310.pdf">läs online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b34e0a4d43349b8f557608eae6facdb9f1b9c725-3"><a href="#cite_ref-b34e0a4d43349b8f557608eae6facdb9f1b9c725_3-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>KNAW historisk medlemslista</i>, KNAW-nummer: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dwc.knaw.nl/biografie/pmknaw/?pagetype=authorDetail&aId=PE00002047">PE00002047</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89528a1cea54419ad9e77e3fa12c54fbc32806f8-4">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-89528a1cea54419ad9e77e3fa12c54fbc32806f8_4-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-89528a1cea54419ad9e77e3fa12c54fbc32806f8_4-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Brockhaus_Enzyklop%C3%A4die" title="Brockhaus Enzyklopädie">Brockhaus Enzyklopädie</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Brockhaus_Enzyklop%C3%A4die" title="Brockhaus Enzyklopädie">Brockhaus Enzyklopädie-ID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/neel-louis-eugene-felix">neel-louis-eugene-felix</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f35429d89f6b2281d7b218a4ef13c60f9036522d-5"><a href="#cite_ref-f35429d89f6b2281d7b218a4ef13c60f9036522d_5-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana"><span title="katalanska">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</span></a></i>, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, <a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana-ID (tidigare schema)</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0045681.xml">0045681</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0030866.xml">0030866</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-454f33cee0d6edafc812913fb137104bf9de6eb2-6"><a href="#cite_ref-454f33cee0d6edafc812913fb137104bf9de6eb2_6-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.landrucimetieres.fr/spip/spip.php?article4380">läs online</a>, <i>www.landrucimetieres.fr</i> .<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1bad169e1b3936d154a39387743f60df3004b8a5-7">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-1bad169e1b3936d154a39387743f60df3004b8a5_7-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1bad169e1b3936d154a39387743f60df3004b8a5_7-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnrs.fr/fr/personne/louis-neel">läs online</a>, <i>www.cnrs.fr</i> .<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8e4ae1d5c96ce3212c9b9d9abfae81fd8571f775-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8e4ae1d5c96ce3212c9b9d9abfae81fd8571f775_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfpnet.fr/prix-x/grands-prix-de-la-sfp">läs online</a>, <i>www.sfpnet.fr</i> .<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b2036e4ff6ed9cb7cece344787a80a51dffbb8d7-9"><a href="#cite_ref-b2036e4ff6ed9cb7cece344787a80a51dffbb8d7_9-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfpnet.fr/prix/prix-holweck">läs online</a>, <i>www.sfpnet.fr</i> .<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82c9a1275808a98d7031888fc6ff00bd91d50dea-10"><a href="#cite_ref-82c9a1275808a98d7031888fc6ff00bd91d50dea_10-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikif.hypotheses.org/901">läs online</a>, <i>wikif.hypotheses.org</i> .<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a5a966e2bce950dcc181ed494393878d71237e0d-11"><a href="#cite_ref-a5a966e2bce950dcc181ed494393878d71237e0d_11-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><span title="engelska">List of Royal Society Fellows 1660-2007</span></i>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a>, s. 259, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120114063626/http://royalsociety.org/uploadedFiles/Royal_Society_Content/about-us/fellowship/Fellows1660-2007.pdf">läs online</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-751d80bdac8676944a09debfe8f5d377b023be96-12"><a href="#cite_ref-751d80bdac8676944a09debfe8f5d377b023be96_12-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1970/summary/"><span title="engelska">The Nobel Prize in Physics 1970</span></a>, Nobelprize.org</i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/Nobelstiftelsen" title="Nobelstiftelsen">Nobelstiftelsen</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1970/summary/">läs online</a>, läst: 4 februari 2021.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4-13"><a href="#cite_ref-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4_13-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf"><span title="engelska">Table showing prize amounts</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/Nobelstiftelsen" title="Nobelstiftelsen">Nobelstiftelsen</a>, april 2019, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf">läs online</a>, läst: 4 februari 2021.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bra_B%C3%B6ckers_lexikon" title="Bra Böckers lexikon">Bra Böckers lexikon</a>,1978</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_N%C3%A9el&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_N%C3%A9el&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louis_N%C3%A9el" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louis Néel">Louis Néel</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louis_N%C3%A9el" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louis Néel">Bilder & media</a></div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1970/summary/">Nobelprize.org, Nobelpriset i fysik 1970</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1970/neel/biographical/">Nobelprize.org, Louis Néel - biografi</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#FFE974;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Nobelpristagare_i_fysik" title="Mall:Nobelpristagare i fysik"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Nobelpristagare_i_fysik&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelpriset_i_fysik" title="Nobelpriset i fysik">Nobelpristagare i fysik</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1901–1925</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Röntgen">Röntgen</a> (1901)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a> (1902)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henri_Becquerel" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P. Curie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M. Curie</a> (1903)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/John_Strutt,_3:e_baron_Rayleigh" title="John Strutt, 3:e baron Rayleigh">Strutt</a> (1904)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a> (1905)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/J.J._Thomson" title="J.J. Thomson">Thomson</a> (1906)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_A._Michelson" title="Albert A. Michelson">Michelson</a> (1907)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a> (1908)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Braun" title="Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a> (1909)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a> (1910)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a> (1911)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a> (1912)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Onnes</a> (1913)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">von Laue</a> (1914)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/William_Bragg_(fysiker)" title="William Bragg (fysiker)">W. Bragg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Bragg" title="Lawrence Bragg">L. Bragg</a> (1915)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Utdelades ej 1916.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a> (1917)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> (1918)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a> (1919)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_%C3%89douard_Guillaume" title="Charles Édouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a> (1920)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> (1921)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a> (1922)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Millikan" title="Robert A. Millikan">Millikan</a> (1923)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">Siegbahn</a> (1924)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Hertz" title="Gustav Hertz">Hertz</a> (1925)</div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="9"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/60px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/90px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/120px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1926–1950</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Perrin" title="Jean Baptiste Perrin">Perrin</a> (1926)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Compton" title="Arthur Compton">Compton</a>, <a href="/wiki/C.T.R._Wilson" title="C.T.R. Wilson">Wilson</a> (1927)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">Richardson</a> (1928)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">de Broglie</a> (1929)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Chandrasekhara_Venkata_Raman" title="Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman">Raman</a> (1930)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Utdelades ej 1931.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> (1932)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> (1933)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Utdelades ej 1934.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a> (1935)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Victor_F._Hess" title="Victor F. Hess">Hess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_D._Anderson" title="Carl D. Anderson">Anderson</a> (1936)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Davisson" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">Thomson</a> (1937)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> (1938)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a> (1939)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Utdelades ej 1940–1942.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a> (1943)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a> (1944)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a> (1945)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Percy_W._Bridgman" title="Percy W. Bridgman">Bridgman</a> (1946)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a> (1947)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_M.S._Blackett" title="Patrick M.S. Blackett">Blackett</a> (1948)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a> (1949)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Powell" title="Cecil Powell">Powell</a> (1950)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1951–1975</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a> (1951)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Purcell" title="Edward M. Purcell">Purcell</a> (1952)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a> (1953)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a> (1954)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Willis_E._Lamb" title="Willis E. Lamb">Lamb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> (1955)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/William_B._Shockley" title="William B. Shockley">Shockley</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_H._Brattain" title="Walter H. Brattain">Brattain</a> (1956)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T. Lee</a> (1957)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Tjerenkov" title="Pavel Tjerenkov">Tjerenkov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilja_M._Frank" title="Ilja M. Frank">Frank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Jevgenjevitj_Tamm" title="Igor Jevgenjevitj Tamm">Tamm</a> (1958)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Segrè</a>, <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> (1959)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_A._Glaser" title="Donald A. Glaser">Glaser</a> (1960)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mössbauer</a> (1961)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a> (1962)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Wigner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._Hans_D._Jensen" title="J. Hans D. Jensen">Jensen</a> (1963)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes">Townes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_G._Basov" title="Nikolaj G. Basov">Basov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_M._Prochorov" title="Aleksandr M. Prochorov">Prochorov</a> (1964)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shinichiro_Tomonaga" title="Shinichiro Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Schwinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a> (1965)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a> (1966)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a> (1967)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Alvarez" title="Luis Alvarez">Alvarez</a> (1968)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a> (1969)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Néel</a> (1970)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Gabor</a> (1971)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Cooper" title="Leon Cooper">Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schrieffer" title="Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a> (1972)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Gi%C3%A6ver" title="Ivar Giæver">Giæver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Josephson" title="Brian Josephson">Josephson</a> (1973)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> (1974)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aage_Bohr" title="Aage Bohr">A. Bohr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_R._Mottelson" title="Ben R. Mottelson">Mottelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a> (1975)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1976–2000</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_C.C._Ting" title="Samuel C.C. Ting">Ting</a> (1976)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Philip_W._Anderson" title="Philip W. Anderson">Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevill_F._Mott" title="Nevill F. Mott">Mott</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_H._van_Vleck" title="John H. van Vleck">van Vleck</a> (1977)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pjotr_Kapitsa" title="Pjotr Kapitsa">Kapitsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arno_Penzias" title="Arno Penzias">Penzias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a> (1978)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Glashow" title="Sheldon Glashow">Glashow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a> (1979)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/James_Cronin" title="James Cronin">Cronin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Val_Fitch" title="Val Fitch">Fitch</a> (1980)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_L._Schawlow" title="Arthur L. Schawlow">Schawlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">Siegbahn</a> (1981)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_G._Wilson" title="Kenneth G. Wilson">Wilson</a> (1982)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Subramanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subramanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_A._Fowler" title="William A. Fowler">Fowler</a> (1983)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a> (1984)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a> (1985)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> (1986)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/J._Georg_Bednorz" title="J. Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a>, <a href="/wiki/K._Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="K. Alexander Müller">Müller</a> (1987)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Leon_M._Lederman" title="Leon M. Lederman">Lederman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a> (1988)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Norman_F._Ramsey" title="Norman F. Ramsey">Ramsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_G._Dehmelt" title="Hans G. Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Paul</a> (1989)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jerome_I._Friedman" title="Jerome I. Friedman">Friedman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kendall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Taylor" title="Richard E. Taylor">R. Taylor</a> (1990)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a> (1991)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a> (1992)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Russell_A._Hulse" title="Russell A. Hulse">Hulse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Taylor" title="Joseph Taylor">J. Taylor</a> (1993)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bertram_N._Brockhouse" title="Bertram N. Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clifford_G._Shull" title="Clifford G. Shull">Shull</a> (1994)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_L._Perl" title="Martin L. Perl">Perl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a> (1995)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/David_M._Lee" title="David M. Lee">D. Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_D._Osheroff" title="Douglas D. Osheroff">Osheroff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Richardson" title="Robert C. Richardson">Richardson</a> (1996)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_D._Phillips" title="William D. Phillips">Phillips</a> (1997)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Laughlin" title="Robert B. Laughlin">Laughlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horst_L._St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst L. Störmer">Störmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_C._Tsui" title="Daniel C. Tsui">Tsui</a> (1998)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gerard_%27t_Hooft" title="Gerard 't Hooft">'t Hooft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martinus_J.G._Veltman" title="Martinus J.G. Veltman">Veltman</a> (1999)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zjores_Alfjorov" title="Zjores Alfjorov">Alfjorov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_S._Kilby" title="Jack S. Kilby">Kilby</a> (2000)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">Från 2001</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Cornell" title="Eric Cornell">Cornell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" title="Carl Wieman">Wieman</a> (2001)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis_Jr." title="Raymond Davis Jr.">Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> (2002)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alexej_A._Abrikosov" title="Alexej A. Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitalij_L._Ginzburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitalij L. Ginzburg">Ginzburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_J._Leggett" title="Anthony J. Leggett">Legget</a> (2003)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/David_J._Gross" title="David J. Gross">Gross</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._David_Politzer" title="H. David Politzer">Politzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a> (2004)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" title="John L. Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a> (2005)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_F._Smoot" title="George F. Smoot">Smoot</a> (2006)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a> (2007)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Nambu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Kobayashi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa">Masukawa</a> (2008)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Kao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willard_S._Boyle" title="Willard S. Boyle">Boyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a> (2009)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a> (2010)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Schmidt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a> (2011)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/David_Wineland" title="David Wineland">Wineland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a> (2012) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> (2013)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a> (2014)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_McDonald" title="Arthur McDonald">McDonald</a> (2015)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Kosterlitz" title="J. 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