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diffusion</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: molecular diffusion"> <meta name="keywords" content="molecular diffusion"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="molecular diffusion"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3219</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: molecular diffusion</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3219</span> Molecular Communication Noise Effect Analysis of Diffusion-Based Channel for Considering Minimum-Shift Keying and Molecular Shift Keying Modulations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Azari">A. Azari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20K.%20Seyyedi"> S. S. K. Seyyedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the unaddressed and open challenges in the nano-networking is the characteristics of noise. The previous analysis, however, has concentrated on end-to-end communication model with no separate modelings for propagation channel and noise. By considering a separate signal propagation and noise model, the design and implementation of an optimum receiver will be much easier. In this paper, we justify consideration of a separate additive Gaussian noise model of a nano-communication system based on the molecular communication channel for which are applicable for MSK and MOSK modulation schemes. The presented noise analysis is based on the Brownian motion process, and advection molecular statistics, where the received random signal has a probability density function whose mean is equal to the mean number of the received molecules. Finally, the justification of received signal magnitude being uncorrelated with additive non-stationary white noise is provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular" title="molecular">molecular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise" title=" noise"> noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel" title=" channel"> channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74407/molecular-communication-noise-effect-analysis-of-diffusion-based-channel-for-considering-minimum-shift-keying-and-molecular-shift-keying-modulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3218</span> Water Diffusivity in Amorphous Epoxy Resins: An Autonomous Basin Climbing-Based Simulation Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betim%20Bahtiri">Betim Bahtiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Arash"> B. Arash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rolfes"> R. Rolfes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Epoxy-based materials are frequently exposed to high-humidity environments in many engineering applications. As a result, their material properties would be degraded by water absorption. A full characterization of the material properties under hygrothermal conditions requires time- and cost-consuming experimental tests. To gain insights into the physics of diffusion mechanisms, atomistic simulations have been shown to be effective tools. Concerning the diffusion of water in polymers, spatial trajectories of water molecules are obtained from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations allowing the interpretation of diffusion pathways at the nanoscale in a polymer network. Conventional MD simulations of water diffusion in amorphous polymers lead to discrepancies at low temperatures due to the short timescales of the simulations. In the proposed model, this issue is solved by using a combined scheme of autonomous basin climbing (ABC) with kinetic Monte Carlo and reactive MD simulations to investigate the diffusivity of water molecules in epoxy resins across a wide range of temperatures. It is shown that the proposed simulation framework estimates kinetic properties of water diffusion in epoxy resins that are consistent with experimental observations and provide a predictive tool for investigating the diffusion of small molecules in other amorphous polymers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy%20resins" title="epoxy resins">epoxy resins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20diffusion" title=" water diffusion"> water diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous%20basin%20climbing" title=" autonomous basin climbing"> autonomous basin climbing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetic%20Monte%20Carlo" title=" kinetic Monte Carlo"> kinetic Monte Carlo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20molecular%20dynamics" title=" reactive molecular dynamics"> reactive molecular dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146647/water-diffusivity-in-amorphous-epoxy-resins-an-autonomous-basin-climbing-based-simulation-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3217</span> Rheological and Self-Healing Properties of Poly (Vinyl Butyral)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunatda%20Arayachukiat">Sunatda Arayachukiat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shogo%20Nobukawa"> Shogo Nobukawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masayuki%20Yamaguchi"> Masayuki Yamaguchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new self-healing material was developed utilizing molecular entanglements for poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing plasticizers. It was found that PVB shows autonomic self-healing behavior even below the glass transition temperature Tg because of marked molecular motion at surface. Moreover, the plasticizer addition enhances the chain mobility, leading to good healing behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poly%28vinyl%20butyral%29%20%28PVB%29" title="Poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)">Poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheological%20properties" title=" rheological properties"> rheological properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-healing%20behaviour" title=" self-healing behaviour"> self-healing behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20diffusion" title=" molecular diffusion"> molecular diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16016/rheological-and-self-healing-properties-of-poly-vinyl-butyral" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3216</span> Alterations of Molecular Characteristics of Polyethylene under the Influence of External Effects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vigen%20Barkhudaryan">Vigen Barkhudaryan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of external effects (γ-, UV–radiations, high temperature) in presence of air oxygen on structural transformations of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) have been investigated dependent on the polymers’ thickness, the intensity and the dose of external actions. The methods of viscosimetry, light scattering, turbidimetry and gelation measuring were used for this purpose. The comparison of influence of external effects on LDPE shows, that the destruction and cross-linking processes of macromolecules proceed simultaneously with all kinds of external effects. A remarkable growth of average molecular mass of LDPE along with the irradiation doses and heat treatment exposure growth was established. It was linear for the mass average molecular mass and at the initial doses is mainly the result of the increase of the macromolecular branching. As a result, the macromolecular hydrodynamic volumes have been changed, and therefore the dependence of viscosity average molecular mass on the doses was going through the minimum at initial doses. A significant change of molecular mass, sizes and shape of macromolecules of LDPE occurs under the influence of external effects. The influence is limited only by diffusion of oxygen during -irradiation and heat treatment. At UV–irradiation the influence is limited both by diffusion of oxygen and penetration of radiation. Consequently, the molecular transformations are deeper and evident in case of -irradiation, as soon as the polymer is transformed in a whole volume. It was also established, that the mechanism of molecular transformations in polymers from the surface layer distinctly differs from those of the sample deeper layer. A comparison of the results of these investigations allows us to conclude, that the mechanisms of influence of investigated external effects on polyethylene are similar. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-linking" title="cross-linking">cross-linking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destruction" title=" destruction"> destruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20temperature" title=" high temperature"> high temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDPE" title=" LDPE"> LDPE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B3-radiations" title=" γ-radiations"> γ-radiations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV-radiations" title=" UV-radiations"> UV-radiations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69714/alterations-of-molecular-characteristics-of-polyethylene-under-the-influence-of-external-effects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3215</span> Interaction of Vegetable Fillers with Polyethylene Matrix in Biocomposites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20V.%20Pantyukhov">P. V. Pantyukhov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20V.%20Monakhova"> T. V. Monakhova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Popov"> A. A. Popov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper studies the diffusion of low molecular weight components from vegetable fillers into polyethylene matrix during the preparation of biocomposites. In order to identify the diffusible substances a model experiment used where the hexadecane acted as a model of polyethylene. It was determined that polyphenolic compounds and chlorophyll penetrate from vegetable fillers to hexadecane to the maximum extent. There was found a correlation between the amount of polyphenolic compounds diffusible from the fillers to hexadecane and thermal oxidation kinetics of real biocomposites based on polyethylene and vegetable fillers. Thus, it has been assumed the diffusion of polyphenols and chlorophyll from vegetable fillers into polyethylene matrix during the preparation of biocomposites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocomposite" title="biocomposite">biocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title=" composite"> composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene" title=" polyethylene"> polyethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20filler" title=" vegetable filler"> vegetable filler</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19606/interaction-of-vegetable-fillers-with-polyethylene-matrix-in-biocomposites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3214</span> Effects of Electric Field on Diffusion Coefficients and Share Viscosity in Dusty Plasmas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asif%20ShakoorI">Muhammad Asif ShakoorI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maogang%20He"> Maogang He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamir%20Shahzad"> Aamir Shahzad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dusty (complex) plasmas contained micro-sized charged dust particles in addition to ions, electrons, and neutrals. It is typically low-temperature plasma and exists in a wide variety of physical systems. In this work, the effects of an external electric field on the diffusion coefficient and share viscosity are investigated through equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulations in three-dimensional (3D) strongly coupled (SC) dusty plasmas (DPs). The effects of constant and varying normalized electric field strength (E*) have been computed along with different combinations of plasma states on the diffusion of dust particles using EMD simulations. Diffusion coefficient (D) and share viscosity (η) along with varied system sizes, in the limit of varying E* values, is accounted for an appropriate range of plasma coupling (Γ) and screening strength (κ) parameters. At varying E* values, it is revealed that the 3D diffusion coefficient increases with increasing E* and κ; however, it decreases with an increase of Γ but within statistical limits. The share viscosity increases with increasing E*and Γ and decreases with increasing κ. New simulation results are outstanding that the combined effects of electric field and screening strengths give well-matched values of Dandη at low-intermediate to large Γ with varying small-intermediate to large N. The current EMD simulation outcomes under varying electric field strengths are in satisfactory well-matched with previous known simulation data of EMD simulations of the SC-DPs. It has been shown that the present EMD simulation data enlarged the range of E* strength up to 0.1 ≤ E*≤ 1.0 in order to find the linear range of the DPs system and to demonstrate the fundamental nature of electric field linearity of 3D SC-DPs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strongly%20coupled%20dusty%20plasma" title="strongly coupled dusty plasma">strongly coupled dusty plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20coefficient" title=" diffusion coefficient"> diffusion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=share%20viscosity" title=" share viscosity"> share viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20field%20strength" title=" electric field strength"> electric field strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144509/effects-of-electric-field-on-diffusion-coefficients-and-share-viscosity-in-dusty-plasmas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3213</span> Modelling Water Vapor Sorption and Diffusion in Hydrocolloid Particles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Terhemen%20Tyowua">Andrew Terhemen Tyowua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhibing%20Zhang"> Zhibing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20Adams"> Michael J. Adams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water vapor sorption data at a range of temperatures (25–70 °C) have been obtained for starch (corn and wheat) and non-starch (carrageenan and xanthan gum) hydrocolloid particles in the form of a thin slab. The results reveal that the data may be more accurately described by an existing sigmoidal rather than a Fickian model. The sigmoidal model accounts for the initial surface sorption before the onset of bulk diffusion. At relatively small water activities (≤ 0.3), the absorption of the moisture caused the particles to be plasticized, but at greater activity values (> 0.3), anti-plasticization was induced. However, it was found that for the whole range of water activities and temperatures studied, the data could be characterized by a single non-dimensional number, which was termed the non-Fickian diffusion number where τ is the characteristic time of surface sorption, D is the bulk diffusion coefficient and L is the thickness of the layer of particles. The activation energy suggested that the anti-plasticization mechanism was the result of a reduction in the molecular free volume or an increase in crystallinity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-plasticization" title="anti-plasticization">anti-plasticization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arrhenius%20behavior" title=" arrhenius behavior"> arrhenius behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20coefficient" title=" diffusion coefficient"> diffusion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hygroscopic%20polymers" title=" hygroscopic polymers"> hygroscopic polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20migration" title=" moisture migration"> moisture migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-fickian%20sigmoidal%20model" title=" non-fickian sigmoidal model"> non-fickian sigmoidal model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186885/modelling-water-vapor-sorption-and-diffusion-in-hydrocolloid-particles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3212</span> Solutions of Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Equations Used to Model the Growth and Spreading of Biological Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Al-Khaled">Kamel Al-Khaled</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reaction-diffusion equations are commonly used in population biology to model the spread of biological species. In this paper, we propose a fractional reaction-diffusion equation, where the classical second derivative diffusion term is replaced by a fractional derivative of order less than two. Based on the symbolic computation system Mathematica, Adomian decomposition method, developed for fractional differential equations, is directly extended to derive explicit and numerical solutions of space fractional reaction-diffusion equations. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. Finally, the recent appearance of fractional reaction-diffusion equations as models in some ﬁelds such as cell biology, chemistry, physics, and ﬁnance, makes it necessary to apply the results reported here to some numerical examples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20partial%20differential%20equations" title="fractional partial differential equations">fractional partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-di%EF%AC%80usion%20equations" title=" reaction-diﬀusion equations"> reaction-diﬀusion equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adomian%20decomposition" title=" adomian decomposition"> adomian decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20species" title=" biological species"> biological species</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55994/solutions-of-fractional-reaction-diffusion-equations-used-to-model-the-growth-and-spreading-of-biological-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3211</span> A Study on Temperature and Drawing Speed for Diffusion Bonding Enhancement in Drawing of Hot Lined Pipes by FEM Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Ahn">M. T. Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20Park"> J. H. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Park"> S. H. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Ha"> S. H. Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diffusion bonding has been continuously studied. Temperature and pressure are the most important factors to increase the strength between diffusion bonded interfaces. Diffusion bonding is an important factor affecting the bonding strength of the lined pipe. The increase of the diffusion bonding force results in a high formability clad pipe. However, in the case of drawing, it is difficult to obtain a high pressure between materials due to a relatively small reduction in cross-section, and it is difficult to prevent elongation or to tear of material in hot drawing even if the reduction in the section is increased. In this paper, to increase the diffusion bonding force, we derive optimal temperature and pressure to suppress material stretching and realize precise thickness precision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20bonding" title="diffusion bonding">diffusion bonding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drawing%20speed" title=" drawing speed"> drawing speed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71481/a-study-on-temperature-and-drawing-speed-for-diffusion-bonding-enhancement-in-drawing-of-hot-lined-pipes-by-fem-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3210</span> Analysis of Vapor-Phase Diffusion of Benzene from Contaminated Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20A.%20Parlin">Asma A. Parlin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Nakamura"> K. Nakamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Watanabe"> N. Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Komai"> T. Komai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the effective diffusion of benzene vapor in the soil-atmosphere interface is important as an intrusion of benzene into the atmosphere from the soil is largely driven by diffusion. To analyze the vertical one dimensional effective diffusion of benzene vapor in porous medium with high water content, diffusion experiments were conducted in soil columns using Andosol soil and Toyoura silica sand with different water content; for soil water content was from 0 to 30 wt.% and for sand it was from 0.06 to 10 wt.%. In soil, a linear relation was found between water content and effective diffusion coefficient while the effective diffusion coefficient didn’t change in the sand with increasing water. A numerical transport model following unsteady-state approaches based on Fick’s second law was used to match the required time for a steady state of the gas phase concentration profile of benzene to the experimentally measured concentration profile gas phase in the column. The result highlighted that both the water content and porosity might increase vertical diffusion of benzene vapor in soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzene%20vapor-phase" title="benzene vapor-phase">benzene vapor-phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20diffusion" title=" effective diffusion"> effective diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsurface%20soil%20medium" title=" subsurface soil medium"> subsurface soil medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20state" title=" unsteady state"> unsteady state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111757/analysis-of-vapor-phase-diffusion-of-benzene-from-contaminated-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3209</span> A Simple Finite Element Method for Glioma Tumor Growth Model with Density Dependent Diffusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shangerganesh%20Lingeshwaran">Shangerganesh Lingeshwaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this presentation, we have performed numerical simulations for a reaction-diffusion equation with various nonlinear density-dependent diffusion operators and proliferation functions. The mathematical model represented by parabolic partial differential equation is considered to study the invasion of gliomas (the most common type of brain tumors) and to describe the growth of cancer cells and response to their treatment. The unknown quantity of the given reaction-diffusion equation is the density of cancer cells and the mathematical model based on the proliferation and migration of glioma cells. A standard Galerkin finite element method is used to perform the numerical simulations of the given model. Finally, important observations on the each of nonlinear diffusion functions and proliferation functions are presented with the help of computational results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glioma%20invasion" title="glioma invasion">glioma invasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20diffusion" title=" nonlinear diffusion"> nonlinear diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion" title=" reaction-diffusion"> reaction-diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20eleament%20method" title=" finite eleament method"> finite eleament method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76998/a-simple-finite-element-method-for-glioma-tumor-growth-model-with-density-dependent-diffusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3208</span> A Study of Numerical Reaction-Diffusion Systems on Closed Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Hsiu%20Chi">Mei-Hsiu Chi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh-Yang%20Wu"> Jyh-Yang Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Gwo%20Chen"> Sheng-Gwo Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diffusion-reaction equations are important Partial Differential Equations in mathematical biology, material science, physics, and so on. However, finding efficient numerical methods for diffusion-reaction systems on curved surfaces is still an important and difficult problem. The purpose of this paper is to present a convergent geometric method for solving the reaction-diffusion equations on closed surfaces by an O(r)-LTL configuration method. The O(r)-LTL configuration method combining the local tangential lifting technique and configuration equations is an effective method to estimate differential quantities on curved surfaces. Since estimating the Laplace-Beltrami operator is an important task for solving the reaction-diffusion equations on surfaces, we use the local tangential lifting method and a generalized finite difference method to approximate the Laplace-Beltrami operators and we solve this reaction-diffusion system on closed surfaces. Our method is not only conceptually simple, but also easy to implement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed%20surfaces" title="closed surfaces">closed surfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-order%20approachs" title=" high-order approachs"> high-order approachs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20solutions" title=" numerical solutions"> numerical solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion%20systems" title=" reaction-diffusion systems"> reaction-diffusion systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56431/a-study-of-numerical-reaction-diffusion-systems-on-closed-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3207</span> Analytical Investigation of Viscous and Non-Viscous Fluid Particles in a Restricted Region Using Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf">Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20I."> S. I.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba"> Saba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A."> A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olaoye"> Olaoye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20O."> D. O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20J.%20A."> Ibrahim J. A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahaya%20H.%20M."> Yahaya H. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatto%20A.%20O"> Jatto A. O</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology has been applied in several ways to provide vital information about petro-physical properties of reservoirs. However, due to the need to study the molecular behaviours of particles of the fluids in different restricted media, diffusion magnetic resonance equation is hereby applied in spherical coordinates and solved analytically using the method of separation of variables and solution of Legendre equation by Frobenius method. The viscous fluid considered in this research work is unused oil while the non-viscous fluid is water. The results obtained show that water begins to manifest appreciable change at radial adjustment value of 10 and Magnetization of 2.31191995400015x1014 and relaxes finally at 2.30x1014 at radial adjustment value of 1. On the other hand, unused engine oil begins to manifest its changes at radial adjustment value of 40 and Magnetization of 1.466557018x1014and relaxes finally at 1.48x1014 at radial adjustment value of 5. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20and%20non-viscous%20fluid" title="viscous and non-viscous fluid">viscous and non-viscous fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restricted%20medium" title=" restricted medium"> restricted medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relaxation%20times" title=" relaxation times"> relaxation times</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20of%20diffusion" title=" coefficient of diffusion"> coefficient of diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168225/analytical-investigation-of-viscous-and-non-viscous-fluid-particles-in-a-restricted-region-using-diffusion-magnetic-resonance-imaging-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3206</span> A Study on the Relationship between Shear Strength and Surface Roughness of Lined Pipes by Cold Drawing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mok-Tan%20Ahn">Mok-Tan Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon-Hong%20Park"> Joon-Hong Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeon-Jong%20Jeong"> Yeon-Jong Jeong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diffusion bonding has been continuously studied. Temperature and pressure are the most important factors to increase the strength between diffusion bonded interfaces. Diffusion bonding is an important factor affecting the bonding strength of the lined pipe. The increase of the diffusion bonding force results in a high formability clad pipe. However, in the case of drawing, it is difficult to obtain a high pressure between materials due to a relatively small reduction in cross-section, and it is difficult to prevent elongation or to tear of material in heat drawing even if the reduction in section is increased. In this paper, to increase the diffusion bonding force, we derive optimal temperature and pressure to suppress material stretching and realize precise thickness precision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drawing%20speed" title="drawing speed">drawing speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20%28Finite%20Element%20Method%29" title=" FEM (Finite Element Method)"> FEM (Finite Element Method)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20bonding" title=" diffusion bonding"> diffusion bonding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20drawing" title=" heat drawing"> heat drawing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lined%20pipe" title=" lined pipe"> lined pipe</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71502/a-study-on-the-relationship-between-shear-strength-and-surface-roughness-of-lined-pipes-by-cold-drawing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3205</span> Heat Transfer and Diffusion Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Whalley">R. Whalley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The heat transfer modelling for a diffusion process will be considered. Difficulties in computing the time-distance dynamics of the representation will be addressed. Incomplete and irrational Laplace function will be identified as the computational issue. Alternative approaches to the response evaluation process will be provided. An illustration application problem will be presented. Graphical results confirming the theoretical procedures employed will be provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat" title="heat">heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer" title=" transfer"> transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation" title=" computation"> computation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22315/heat-transfer-and-diffusion-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3204</span> Influence Maximization in Dynamic Social Networks and Graphs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gkolfo%20I.%20Smani">Gkolfo I. Smani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasileios%20Megalooikonomou"> Vasileios Megalooikonomou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social influence and influence diffusion have been studied in social networks. However, most existing tasks on this subject focus on static networks. In this paper, the problem of maximizing influence diffusion in dynamic social networks, i.e., the case of networks that change over time, is studied. The DM algorithm is an extension of the MATI algorithm and solves the influence maximization (IM) problem in dynamic networks and is proposed under the linear threshold (LT) and independent cascade (IC) models. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm achieves a diffusion performance better by 1.5 times than several state-of-the-art algorithms and comparable results in diffusion scale with the Greedy algorithm. Also, the proposed algorithm is 2.4 times faster than previous methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence%20maximization" title="influence maximization">influence maximization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20social%20networks" title=" dynamic social networks"> dynamic social networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20influence" title=" social influence"> social influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphs" title=" graphs"> graphs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142457/influence-maximization-in-dynamic-social-networks-and-graphs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3203</span> Data-Centric Anomaly Detection with Diffusion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheldon%20Liu">Sheldon Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gordon%20Wang"> Gordon Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Liu"> Lei Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuefeng%20Liu"> Xuefeng Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anomaly detection, also referred to as one-class classification, plays a crucial role in identifying product images that deviate from the expected distribution. This study introduces Data-centric Anomaly Detection with Diffusion Models (DCADDM), presenting a systematic strategy for data collection and further diversifying the data with image generation via diffusion models. The algorithm addresses data collection challenges in real-world scenarios and points toward data augmentation with the integration of generative AI capabilities. The paper explores the generation of normal images using diffusion models. The experiments demonstrate that with 30% of the original normal image size, modeling in an unsupervised setting with state-of-the-art approaches can achieve equivalent performances. With the addition of generated images via diffusion models (10% equivalence of the original dataset size), the proposed algorithm achieves better or equivalent anomaly localization performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20models" title="diffusion models">diffusion models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomaly%20detection" title=" anomaly detection"> anomaly detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data-centric" title=" data-centric"> data-centric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generative%20AI" title=" generative AI"> generative AI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179126/data-centric-anomaly-detection-with-diffusion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3202</span> Influence of Photophysical Parameters of Photoactive Materials on Exciton Diffusion Length and Diffusion Coefficient in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Yeboah">Douglas Yeboah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jai%20Singh"> Jai Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been experimentally demonstrated that exciton diffusion length in organic solids can be improved by fine-tuning the material parameters that govern exciton transfer. Here, a theoretical study is carried out to support this finding. We have therefore derived expressions for the exciton diffusion length and diffusion coefficient of singlet and triplet excitons using Förster resonance energy transfer and Dexter carrier transfer mechanisms and are plotted as a function of photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield, spectral overlap integral, refractive index and dipole moment of the photoactive material. We found that singlet exciton diffusion length increases with PL quantum yield and spectral overlap integral, and decreases with increase in refractive index. Likewise, the triplet exciton diffusion length increases when PL quantum yield increases and dipole moment decreases. The calculated diffusion lengths in different organic materials are compared with existing experimental values and found to be in reasonable agreement. The results are expected to provide insight in developing new organic materials for fabricating bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) with better photoconversion efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dexter%20carrier%20transfer" title="Dexter carrier transfer">Dexter carrier transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20coefficient" title=" diffusion coefficient"> diffusion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exciton%20diffusion%20length" title=" exciton diffusion length"> exciton diffusion length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%C3%B6ster%20resonance%20energy%20transfer" title=" Föster resonance energy transfer"> Föster resonance energy transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoactive%20materials" title=" photoactive materials"> photoactive materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photophysical%20parameters" title=" photophysical parameters"> photophysical parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69083/influence-of-photophysical-parameters-of-photoactive-materials-on-exciton-diffusion-length-and-diffusion-coefficient-in-bulk-heterojunction-organic-solar-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3201</span> Investigation of Mesoporous Silicon Carbonization Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20I.%20Kargin">N. I. Kargin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20K.%20Safaraliev"> G. K. Safaraliev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Gusev"> A. S. Gusev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20O.%20Sultanov"> A. O. Sultanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20V.%20Siglovaya"> N. V. Siglovaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Ryndya"> S. M. Ryndya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Timofeev"> A. A. Timofeev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an experimental and theoretical study of the processes of mesoporous silicon carbonization during the formation of buffer layers for the subsequent epitaxy of 3C-SiC films and related wide-band-gap semiconductors is performed. Experimental samples were obtained by the method of chemical vapor deposition and investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Analytic expressions were obtained for the effective diffusion factor and carbon atoms diffusion length in a porous system. The proposed model takes into account the processes of Knudsen diffusion, coagulation and overgrowing of pores during the formation of a silicon carbide layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20carbide" title="silicon carbide">silicon carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20silicon" title=" porous silicon"> porous silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonization" title=" carbonization"> carbonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20etching" title=" electrochemical etching"> electrochemical etching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78976/investigation-of-mesoporous-silicon-carbonization-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3200</span> Formation of Chemical Compound Layer at the Interface of Initial Substances A and B with Dominance of Diffusion of the A Atoms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavlo%20Selyshchev">Pavlo Selyshchev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Akintunde"> Samuel Akintunde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A theoretical approach to consider formation of chemical compound layer at the interface between initial substances A and B due to the interfacial interaction and diffusion is developed. It is considered situation when speed of interfacial interaction is large enough and diffusion of A-atoms through AB-layer is much more then diffusion of B-atoms. Atoms from A-layer diffuse toward B-atoms and form AB-atoms on the surface of B-layer. B-atoms are assumed to be immobile. The growth kinetics of the AB-layer is described by two differential equations with non-linear coupling, producing a good fit to the experimental data. It is shown that growth of the thickness of the AB-layer determines by dependence of chemical reaction rate on reactants concentration. In special case the thickness of the AB-layer can grow linearly or parabolically depending on that which of processes (interaction or the diffusion) controls the growth. The thickness of AB-layer as function of time is obtained. The moment of time (transition point) at which the linear growth are changed by parabolic is found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20formation" title="phase formation">phase formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20systems" title=" binary systems"> binary systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20reaction" title=" interfacial reaction"> interfacial reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compound%20layers" title=" compound layers"> compound layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20kinetics" title=" growth kinetics"> growth kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10901/formation-of-chemical-compound-layer-at-the-interface-of-initial-substances-a-and-b-with-dominance-of-diffusion-of-the-a-atoms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">570</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3199</span> Operational Matrix Method for Fuzzy Fractional Reaction Diffusion Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachin%20Kumar">Sachin Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy fractional diffusion equation is widely useful to depict different physical processes arising in physics, biology, and hydrology. The motive of this article is to deal with the fuzzy fractional diffusion equation. We study a mathematical model of fuzzy space-time fractional diffusion equation in which unknown function, coefficients, and initial-boundary conditions are fuzzy numbers. First, we find out a fuzzy operational matrix of Legendre polynomial of Caputo type fuzzy fractional derivative having a non-singular Mittag-Leffler kernel. The main advantages of this method are that it reduces the fuzzy fractional partial differential equation (FFPDE) to a system of fuzzy algebraic equations from which we can find the solution of the problem. The feasibility of our approach is shown by some numerical examples. Hence, our method is suitable to deal with FFPDE and has good accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20PDE" title="fractional PDE">fractional PDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20valued%20function" title=" fuzzy valued function"> fuzzy valued function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20equation" title=" diffusion equation"> diffusion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Legendre%20polynomial" title=" Legendre polynomial"> Legendre polynomial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20method" title=" spectral method"> spectral method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125273/operational-matrix-method-for-fuzzy-fractional-reaction-diffusion-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3198</span> Modeling and Analysis the Effects of Temperature and Pressure on the Gas-Crossover in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolyzer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Hadi%20Bin%20Abdol%20Rahim">Abdul Hadi Bin Abdol Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alhassan%20Salami%20Tijani"> Alhassan Salami Tijani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen produced by means of polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer (PEME) is one of the most promising methods due to clean and renewable energy source. In the process, some energy loss due to mass transfer through a PEM is caused by diffusion, electro-osmotic drag, and the pressure difference between the cathode channel and anode channel. In PEME water molecules and ionic particles transferred between the electrodes from anode to cathode, Extensive mixing of the hydrogen and oxygen at anode channel due to gases cross-over must be avoided. In recent times the consciousness of safety issue in high pressure PEME where the oxygen mix with hydrogen at anode channel could create, explosive conditions have generated a lot of concern. In this paper, the steady state and simulation analysis of gases crossover in PEME on the temperature and pressure effect are presented. The simulations have been analysis in MATLAB based on the well-known Fick’s Law of molecular diffusion. The simulation results indicated that as temperature increases, there is a significant decrease in operating voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title="diffusion">diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gases%20crosover" title=" gases crosover"> gases crosover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steady%20state" title=" steady state"> steady state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fick%E2%80%99s%20law" title=" Fick’s law"> Fick’s law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40292/modeling-and-analysis-the-effects-of-temperature-and-pressure-on-the-gas-crossover-in-polymer-electrolyte-membrane-electrolyzer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3197</span> Natural Gas Production Forecasts Using Diffusion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Abud%20Darda">Md. Abud Darda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different options for natural gas production in wide geographic areas may be described through diffusion of innovation models. This type of modeling approach provides an indirect estimate of an ultimately recoverable resource, URR, capture the quantitative effects of observed strategic interventions, and allow ex-ante assessments of future scenarios over time. In order to ensure a sustainable energy policy, it is important to forecast the availability of this natural resource. Considering a finite life cycle, in this paper we try to investigate the natural gas production of Myanmar and Algeria, two important natural gas provider in the world energy market. A number of homogeneous and heterogeneous diffusion models, with convenient extensions, have been used. Models validation has also been performed in terms of prediction capability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20models" title="diffusion models">diffusion models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20forecast" title=" energy forecast"> energy forecast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20gas" title=" natural gas"> natural gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20production" title=" nonlinear production"> nonlinear production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88346/natural-gas-production-forecasts-using-diffusion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3196</span> Diffusive Transport of VOCs Through Composite Liners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Jery">Christina Jery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Anjana"> R. K. Anjana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20N.%20Arnepalli"> D. N. Arnepalli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sobha"> R. Sobha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern landfills employ a composite liner consisting of a geomembrane overlying a compacted clay liner (CCL) or a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) as a barrier system. The primary function of a barrier system is to control the contaminant transport from the leachate (dissolved phase) and landfill gas (vapour phase) out of the landfill thereby minimizing the environmental impact. This study is undertaken to investigate the diffusive migration of VOCs through composite liners. VOCs are known hazardous air pollutants were often existing in both the vapour phase and dissolved phase. These compounds are known to diffuse readily through the polymeric geomembranes. The objective of the research is to develop a comprehensive data set of diffusive parameters involved in the diffusion of VOCs in the composite liner (1.5 mm HDPE geomembrane overlying a 30mm compacted clay layer). For this purpose, the study aims to develop a new experimental setup for determining the diffusion characteristics. The key parameters of diffusion (partitioning, diffusion and permeation coefficients) are examined. The diffusion tests are carried out both in aqueous and vapor phase. Finally, an attempt is also made to study the effect of low temperature on the diffusion characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title="diffusion">diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorption" title=" sorption"> sorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20compounds" title=" organic compounds"> organic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20liners" title=" composite liners"> composite liners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geomembrane" title=" geomembrane"> geomembrane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60874/diffusive-transport-of-vocs-through-composite-liners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3195</span> A Combinatorial Representation for the Invariant Measure of Diffusion Processes on Metric Graphs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michele%20Aleandri">Michele Aleandri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matteo%20Colangeli"> Matteo Colangeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davide%20%20Gabrielli"> Davide Gabrielli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study a generalization to a continuous setting of the classical Markov chain tree theorem. In particular, we consider an irreducible diffusion process on a metric graph. The unique invariant measure has an atomic component on the vertices and an absolutely continuous part on the edges. We show that the corresponding density at x can be represented by a normalized superposition of the weights associated to metric arborescences oriented toward the point x. A metric arborescence is a metric tree oriented towards its root. The weight of each oriented metric arborescence is obtained by the product of the exponential of integrals of the form ∫a/b², where b is the drift and σ² is the diffusion coefficient, along the oriented edges, for a weight for each node determined by the local orientation of the arborescence around the node and for the inverse of the diffusion coefficient at x. The metric arborescences are obtained by cutting the original metric graph along some edges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20processes" title="diffusion processes">diffusion processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metric%20graphs" title=" metric graphs"> metric graphs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invariant%20measure" title=" invariant measure"> invariant measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reversibility" title=" reversibility"> reversibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137576/a-combinatorial-representation-for-the-invariant-measure-of-diffusion-processes-on-metric-graphs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137576.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3194</span> Thick Disc Molecular Gas Fraction in NGC 6946</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narendra%20Nath%20Patra">Narendra Nath Patra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several recent studies reinforce the existence of a thick molecular disc in galaxies along with the dynamically cold thin disc. Assuming a two-component molecular disc, we model the disc of NGC 6946 as a four-component system consists of stars, HI, thin disc molecular gas, and thick disc molecular gas in vertical hydrostatic equilibrium. Following, we set up the joint Poisson-Boltzmann equation of hydrostatic equilibrium and solve it numerically to obtain a three-dimensional density distribution of different baryonic components. Using the density solutions and the observed rotation curve, we further build a three-dimensional dynamical model of the molecular disc and consecutively produce simulated CO spectral cube and spectral width profile. We find that the simulated spectral width profiles distinguishably differs for different assumed thick disc molecular gas fraction. Several CO spectral width profiles are then produced for different assumed thick disc molecular gas fractions and compared with the observed one to obtain the best fit thick disc molecular gas fraction profile. We find that the thick disc molecular gas fraction in NGC 6946 largely remains constant across its molecular disc with a mean value of 0.70 +/- 0.09. We also estimate the amount of extra-planar molecular gas in NGC 6946. We find 60% of the total molecular gas is extra-planar at the central region, whereas this fraction reduces to ~ 35% at the edge of the molecular disc. With our method, for the first time, we estimate the thick disc molecular gas fraction as a function of radius in an external galaxy with sub-kpc resolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galaxies%3A%20kinematics%20and%20dynamic" title="galaxies: kinematics and dynamic">galaxies: kinematics and dynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galaxies%3A%20spiral" title=" galaxies: spiral"> galaxies: spiral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galaxies%3A%20structure" title=" galaxies: structure "> galaxies: structure </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISM%3A%20molecules" title=" ISM: molecules"> ISM: molecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20data" title=" molecular data"> molecular data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123278/thick-disc-molecular-gas-fraction-in-ngc-6946" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3193</span> An Approach for Pattern Recognition and Prediction of Information Diffusion Model on Twitter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amartya%20Hatua">Amartya Hatua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trung%20Nguyen"> Trung Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Sung"> Andrew Sung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the information diffusion process on Twitter as a multivariate time series problem. Our model concerns three measures (volume, network influence, and sentiment of tweets) based on 10 features, and we collected 27 million tweets to build our information diffusion time series dataset for analysis. Then, different time series clustering techniques with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance were used to identify different patterns of information diffusion. Finally, we built the information diffusion prediction models for new hashtags which comprise two phrases: The first phrase is recognizing the pattern using k-NN with DTW distance; the second phrase is building the forecasting model using the traditional Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model and the non-linear recurrent neural network of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Preliminary results of performance evaluation between different forecasting models show that LSTM with clustering information notably outperforms other models. Therefore, our approach can be applied in real-world applications to analyze and predict the information diffusion characteristics of selected topics or memes (hashtags) in Twitter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARIMA" title="ARIMA">ARIMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DTW" title=" DTW"> DTW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20diffusion" title=" information diffusion"> information diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSTM" title=" LSTM"> LSTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNN" title=" RNN"> RNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series%20clustering" title=" time series clustering"> time series clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series%20forecasting" title=" time series forecasting"> time series forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Twitter" title=" Twitter"> Twitter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80797/an-approach-for-pattern-recognition-and-prediction-of-information-diffusion-model-on-twitter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3192</span> Reduced Differential Transform Methods for Solving the Fractional Diffusion Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yildiray%20Keskin">Yildiray Keskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Acan"> Omer Acan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Akkus"> Murat Akkus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the solution of fractional diffusion equations is presented by means of the reduced differential transform method. Fractional partial differential equations have special importance in engineering and sciences. Application of reduced differential transform method to this problem shows the rapid convergence of the sequence constructed by this method to the exact solution. The numerical results show that the approach is easy to implement and accurate when applied to fractional diffusion equations. The method introduces a promising tool for solving many fractional partial differential equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20diffusion%20equations" title="fractional diffusion equations">fractional diffusion equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caputo%20fractional%20derivative" title=" Caputo fractional derivative"> Caputo fractional derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20differential%20transform%20method" title=" reduced differential transform method"> reduced differential transform method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial" title=" partial"> partial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17526/reduced-differential-transform-methods-for-solving-the-fractional-diffusion-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">525</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3191</span> Nitrogen Effects on Ignition Delay Time in Supersonic Premixed and Diffusion Flames </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Tahsini">A. M. Tahsini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computational study of two dimensional supersonic reacting hydrogen-air flows is performed to investigate the nitrogen effects on ignition delay time for premixed and diffusion flames. Chemical reaction is treated using detail kinetics and the advection upstream splitting method is used to calculate the numerical inviscid fluxes. The results show that only in the stoichiometric condition for both premixed and diffusion flames, there is monotone dependency of the ignition delay time to the nitrogen addition. In other situations, the optimal condition from ignition viewpoint should be found using numerical investigations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20flame" title="diffusion flame">diffusion flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignition%20delay%20time" title=" ignition delay time"> ignition delay time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixing%20layer" title=" mixing layer"> mixing layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premixed%20flame" title=" premixed flame"> premixed flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20flow" title=" supersonic flow"> supersonic flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1461/nitrogen-effects-on-ignition-delay-time-in-supersonic-premixed-and-diffusion-flames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3190</span> Determination of Natural Logarithm of Diffusion Coefficient and Activation Energy of Thin Layer Drying Process of Ginger Rhizome Slices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Austin%20Ikechukwu%20Gbasouzor">Austin Ikechukwu Gbasouzor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Nna%20Omenyi"> Sam Nna Omenyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabuj%20Malli"> Sabuj Malli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is an extension of the previous work done with ARS-680 Environmental Chamber. Drying is a complex operation that demands much energy and time. Drying is essentially important for preservation of ginger rhizome. Drying of ginger was modeled, and then the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy where determined. For this purpose, the experiments were done at six levels of varied temperature ranging from (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60°C). The average effective diffusion coefficient for their studies samples for temperature range of 40°C to 70°C was 4.48 x10-10m²/s, 4.96 x10-10m²/s, and 5.31 x10-10m²/s for 0.8, 1.5 and 3m/s drying air velocity respectively. These values closely agreed with the values of effective diffusion coefficients obtained in these studies for the variously treated ginger rhizomes and test conducted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20energy" title="activation energy">activation energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20coefficients" title=" diffusion coefficients"> diffusion coefficients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying%20model" title=" drying model"> drying model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying%20time" title=" drying time"> drying time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ginger%20rhizomes" title=" ginger rhizomes"> ginger rhizomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20ratio" title=" moisture ratio"> moisture ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20layer" title=" thin layer"> thin layer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120153/determination-of-natural-logarithm-of-diffusion-coefficient-and-activation-energy-of-thin-layer-drying-process-of-ginger-rhizome-slices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20diffusion&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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