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= [{"id":100558033,"identifier":"Attachment_100558033","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":99480258,"created_at":"2023-04-01T18:09:14.114-07:00","from_world_paper_id":230807511,"updated_at":"2025-02-02T07:02:09.453-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","ai_abstract":"This research addresses the diagnostic challenges of acute vision loss in multiple sclerosis patients, focusing on the misdiagnosis between idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis (IDON) and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). It highlights a significant case study from Isfahan, Iran, presenting the co-occurrence of CSCR in MS patients, particularly in the context of corticosteroid treatment. The study emphasizes the need for improved collaboration between neurologists and ophthalmologists to prevent misdiagnoses and ensure appropriate management strategies.","ai_title_tag":"Diagnosing Vision Loss in Multiple Sclerosis","publication_date":"2019,,","publication_name":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Acute vision loss in multiple sclerosis: Optic neuritis or central serous chorioretinopathy?","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [43370770]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":100558033,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Acute vision loss in multiple sclerosis: Optic neuritis or central serous chorioretinopathy?”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/100558033/mini_magick20230402-1-3076hx.png?1680397855" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Acute vision loss in multiple sclerosis: Optic neuritis or central serous chorioretinopathy?</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43370770" href="https://mui.academia.edu/MojtabaAkbari"><img alt="Profile image of Mojtaba Akbari" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Mojtaba Akbari</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">10 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 99480258; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=99480258"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">AI-generated Abstract</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This research addresses the diagnostic challenges of acute vision loss in multiple sclerosis patients, focusing on the misdiagnosis between idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis (IDON) and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). It highlights a significant case study from Isfahan, Iran, presenting the co-occurrence of CSCR in MS patients, particularly in the context of corticosteroid treatment. The study emphasizes the need for improved collaboration between neurologists and ophthalmologists to prevent misdiagnoses and ensure appropriate management strategies.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":100558033,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/99480258/Acute_vision_loss_in_multiple_sclerosis_Optic_neuritis_or_central_serous_chorioretinopathy"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":100558033,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/99480258/Acute_vision_loss_in_multiple_sclerosis_Optic_neuritis_or_central_serous_chorioretinopathy"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-premium-marketing"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-premium-marketing"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="premium-banner-content"><div class="left"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><span>Get access to the world's latest research</span></div><div class="right"><div class="card free"><div class="header">Free</div><div class="feature-list"><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Download one paper at a time</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to bookmarks</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Basic search</span></div></div><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--small ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"premium-banner-desktop-free"}">Sign up for free</button></div><div class="card premium"><div class="pill">Recommended</div><div class="header premium">Premium</div><div class="feature-list"><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get highly curated PDF packages</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact with Mentions</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Access advanced search filters</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Support Academia’s mission</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Create your personal website</span></div></div><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--small ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"premium-banner-desktop-upgrade","submitText":"Try Premium for $1"}">Try Premium for $1</button></div></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating process of the central nervous system that affects mostly women aged 20-40. Modern diagnostic methods (MRI, VEP, and computerized perimetry) can confirm or exclude demyelinating etiology of the process. The study included 31 patients with optic neuritis hospitalized at University Department of Ophthalmology, Split University Hospital in Split, Croatia, between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2005. The incidence of idiopathic optic neuropathy at Department was 3.2/ 100,000 in 2004 and 3.4/100,000 in 2005. The majority of patients were in the 20-40 age group. In 22 (84.62%) patients, MRI showed brain demyelinating lesions. Most patients had prolonged VEP latencies. The incidence of idiopathic optic neuropathy has shown a significant increase in the last two years. Brain MRI was the key diagnostic method, along with significant symptoms and signs of idiopathic optic neuropathy. High dose corticosteroid pulse therapy, as described before, was demonstrated to have a beneficial effect on quick recovery of visual acuity and lengthening of relapse-free period.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"OPTIC NEURITIS AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: OUR EXPERIENCE","attachmentId":39093372,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16636269/OPTIC_NEURITIS_AND_MULTIPLE_SCLEROSIS_OUR_EXPERIENCE","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16636269/OPTIC_NEURITIS_AND_MULTIPLE_SCLEROSIS_OUR_EXPERIENCE"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="20096139" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20096139/Optical_coherence_tomography_in_optic_neuritis_and_multiple_sclerosis_a_review">Optical coherence tomography in optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis: a review</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41328679" href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/JetteFrederiksen">Jette Frederiksen</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41120192" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KKallenbach">Klaus Kallenbach</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Journal of Neurology, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Optical coherence tomography in optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis: a review","attachmentId":41991442,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20096139/Optical_coherence_tomography_in_optic_neuritis_and_multiple_sclerosis_a_review","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20096139/Optical_coherence_tomography_in_optic_neuritis_and_multiple_sclerosis_a_review"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="8535640" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8535640/The_neuro_ophthalmology_of_multiple_sclerosis">The neuro-ophthalmology of multiple sclerosis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17534230" href="https://utsouthwestern.academia.edu/TeresaFrohman">Teresa Frohman</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2005</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The neuro-ophthalmology of multiple sclerosis","attachmentId":48063276,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8535640/The_neuro_ophthalmology_of_multiple_sclerosis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8535640/The_neuro_ophthalmology_of_multiple_sclerosis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="11135349" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11135349/Clinically_Isolated_Syndromes_Suggestive_of_Multiple_Sclerosis_An_Optical_Coherence_Tomography_Study">Clinically Isolated Syndromes Suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="26891415" href="https://fuenlabrada.academia.edu/CeliaOrejaguevara">Celia Oreja-guevara</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLOS One, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a simple, high-resolution technique to quantify the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), which provides an indirect measurement of axonal damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to evaluate RNFL thickness in patients at presentation with clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) suggestive of MS.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Clinically Isolated Syndromes Suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study","attachmentId":46870511,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11135349/Clinically_Isolated_Syndromes_Suggestive_of_Multiple_Sclerosis_An_Optical_Coherence_Tomography_Study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11135349/Clinically_Isolated_Syndromes_Suggestive_of_Multiple_Sclerosis_An_Optical_Coherence_Tomography_Study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="30198162" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30198162/Bilateral_and_recurrent_optic_neuritis_in_multiple_sclerosis">Bilateral and recurrent optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57500359" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RailiRaininko">Raili Raininko</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57518629" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoachimBurman">Joachim Burman</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Bilateral and recurrent optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis","attachmentId":50657150,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30198162/Bilateral_and_recurrent_optic_neuritis_in_multiple_sclerosis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30198162/Bilateral_and_recurrent_optic_neuritis_in_multiple_sclerosis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="18530876" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18530876/Diffuse_multiple_sclerosis_and_chronic_central_serous_chorioretinopathy_Pitfall_not_to_ignore">Diffuse multiple sclerosis and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: Pitfall not to ignore</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38562860" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SolangeMilazzo">Solange Milazzo</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38622725" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ADrimbea">A. Drimbea</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Practical Neurology, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Diffuse multiple sclerosis and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: Pitfall not to ignore","attachmentId":42271109,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18530876/Diffuse_multiple_sclerosis_and_chronic_central_serous_chorioretinopathy_Pitfall_not_to_ignore","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18530876/Diffuse_multiple_sclerosis_and_chronic_central_serous_chorioretinopathy_Pitfall_not_to_ignore"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="116827256" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/116827256/Differential_diagnoses_to_MS_experiences_from_an_optic_neuritis_clinic">Differential diagnoses to MS: experiences from an optic neuritis clinic</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="178145905" href="https://spynet.academia.edu/AnnaTsakiri">Anna Tsakiri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Neurology, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Optic neuritis (ON) is closely linked to multiple sclerosis (MS). It may, however, also be associated to a range of autoimmune or infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the differential diagnoses in patients with suspected ON. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the files of all patients referred to the Clinic of Optic Neuritis, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, between January 2000 and November 2011. All patients were referred by ophthalmologists with possible ON. Patients diagnosed with MS prior to referral were excluded from the study. A total of 643 patients were included in the study. Apart from ON, the most frequent diagnoses were tumors (n = 15), ischemic or hypertensive neuropathies (n = 13), and retinal or choroid disorders (n = 9). Six patients were diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica. Rarer causes of visual loss were infections (n = 5), giant cell arteritis (n = 4), sarcoidosis (n = 3), thyrotoxicosis (n = 2), and hereditary or toxic neuropathies (n = 2). Nine percent of patients referred to the Clinic of Optic Neuritis had symptoms caused by medical, neurosurgical or ophthalmic disorders, and 0.9 % of our patients had NMO. Though most of these conditions are rare, it is of importance to keep them in mind upon encountering patients with symptoms of ON.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Differential diagnoses to MS: experiences from an optic neuritis clinic","attachmentId":112849498,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/116827256/Differential_diagnoses_to_MS_experiences_from_an_optic_neuritis_clinic","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/116827256/Differential_diagnoses_to_MS_experiences_from_an_optic_neuritis_clinic"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="54973302" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/54973302/Practice_parameter_the_role_of_corticosteroids_in_the_management_of_acute_monosymptomatic_optic_neuritis_report_of_the_Quality_Standards_Subcommittee_of_the_American_Academy_of_Neurology11EDITED_BY_THOMAS_J_LIESEGANG_MD">Practice parameter: the role of corticosteroids in the management of acute monosymptomatic optic neuritis. report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology11EDITED BY THOMAS J. LIESEGANG, MD</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35536923" href="https://michiganstate.academia.edu/EricEggenberger">Eric Eggenberger</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2000</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory disorder of the optic nerve. Most cases are idiopathic or associated with MS. ON can be associated with a variety of systemic or ocular disorders and is the most common acute optic neuropathy in adults younger than 46 years. Among high-risk populations for MS, the incidence of ON is about 3 per 100,000 population per year, whereas in other areas the incidence is about 1 per 100,000 population per year. 1-13 Acute ON often presents as an isolated clinical event without contributory systemic abnormalities (monosymptomatic ON). Clinical features include periocular pain, abnormal visual acuity and fields, reduced color vision, a relative afferent pupillary defect, and abnormal visual evoked potentials. The fundus may appear normal or demonstrate edema of the optic nerve head (papillitis). 12-18 MRI white matter abnormalities identical to those seen in MS are found in 50 to 70% of monosymptomatic ON cases. 19-22 The visual deficit of ON may worsen over 1 to 2 weeks and usually begins improving over the next month. Lack of improvement in visual function by 30 days is unusual. 23 However, most patients have some residual visual function deficit, even if visual acuity improves to 20/20. 1-18 Differential diagnosis includes compressive, ischemic, hereditary, toxic, or other inflammatory optic neuropathies (e.g., sarcoid). These conditions usually do not exhibit the same clinical pattern (table 1) or rate of recovery as monosymptomatic ON. 1-13 Treatment of monosymptomatic ON has included oral, retrobulbar, and IV steroids, immunoglobulin, and acupuncture. 23-77 Monosymptomatic acute ON is not rare and because the usefulness of oral prednisone in this disorder has recently been questioned, 23,78-82 this practice parameter was developed to provide recommendations regarding the management of this common neurologic problem. Evidence review. A literature search was conducted using Medline and Healthstar from 1966 to July 1, 1999. ON was cross-referenced with treatment and therapy. Citations earlier than 1966 were searched by cross-referencing techniques and an Index Medicus hand search. A total of 582 different citations dealing with ON and some aspect of therapy were identified and reviewed. Only literature published in well-disseminated journals dealing specifically with MS-related or idiopathic ON involving at least three patients was retained. Both retrospective and prospective data were reviewed. Citations were excluded when they simply described a small number of individual case reports or reviewed "ON" due to diseases such as sarcoid, lupus, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, trauma, hereditary optic neuropathy, optic nerve compression, or other unrelated optic neuropathy. Definitions for the classification of evidence. Class I. Evidence provided by well-designed, randomized, controlled clinical trials, including overviews (meta-analyses) of such trials. Class II. Evidence provided by well-designed observational studies with concurrent controls (e.g., case control and cohort studies). Class III. Evidence provided by expert opinion, case series, case reports, and studies with historical controls. All pertinent studies are listed in table 2. Results. Several studies were identified, the largest of which was the National Eye Institute-sponsored Optic Neuritis</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Practice parameter: the role of corticosteroids in the management of acute monosymptomatic optic neuritis. report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology11EDITED BY THOMAS J. LIESEGANG, MD","attachmentId":71072718,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/54973302/Practice_parameter_the_role_of_corticosteroids_in_the_management_of_acute_monosymptomatic_optic_neuritis_report_of_the_Quality_Standards_Subcommittee_of_the_American_Academy_of_Neurology11EDITED_BY_THOMAS_J_LIESEGANG_MD","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/54973302/Practice_parameter_the_role_of_corticosteroids_in_the_management_of_acute_monosymptomatic_optic_neuritis_report_of_the_Quality_Standards_Subcommittee_of_the_American_Academy_of_Neurology11EDITED_BY_THOMAS_J_LIESEGANG_MD"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="107207126" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/107207126/Clinically_isolated_syndromes_suggestive_of_multiple_sclerosis_part_I_natural_history_pathogenesis_diagnosis_and_prognosis">Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis, part I: natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="190437647" href="https://independent.academia.edu/alanthompson36">alan thompson</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Lancet Neurology, 2005</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a simple, high-resolution technique to quantify the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), which provides an indirect measurement of axonal damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to evaluate RNFL thickness in patients at presentation with clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) suggestive of MS. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study. Twenty-four patients with CIS suggestive of MS (8 optic neuritis [ON], 6 spinal cord syndromes, 5 brainstem symptoms and 5 with sensory and other syndromes) were prospectively studied. The main outcome evaluated was RNFL thickness at CIS onset. Secondary objectives were to study the relationship between RNFL thickness and MRI criteria for disease dissemination in space (DIS) as well as the presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis, part I: natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis","attachmentId":105943721,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107207126/Clinically_isolated_syndromes_suggestive_of_multiple_sclerosis_part_I_natural_history_pathogenesis_diagnosis_and_prognosis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/107207126/Clinically_isolated_syndromes_suggestive_of_multiple_sclerosis_part_I_natural_history_pathogenesis_diagnosis_and_prognosis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="53336839" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53336839/Uhthoffs_symptom_in_optic_neuritis_Relationship_to_magnetic_resonance_imaging_and_development_of_multiple_sclerosis">Uhthoff's symptom in optic neuritis: Relationship to magnetic resonance imaging and development of multiple sclerosis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="105227174" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorginaScholl">Georgina Scholl</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annals of Neurology, 1991</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Eighty-one patients with a first attack of isolated optic neuritis, 40 with Uhthoff's symptom (Group 1) and 41 without (Group 21, were studied. All had a neurovisual examination, 74 of 81 patients had the pattern visual evoked potential recorded at rest, and 43 had magnetic resonance imaging brain scans. The pattern visual evoked potential PlOO latency was prolonged, Group 1 with a mean of 136 f 19 msec, Group 2 with a mean of 131 +-19 msec (control subjects, 102 * 5 msec; n = 84), and the PlOO amplitude was reduced, without significant difference between the groups. Abnormal magnetic resonance imaging scans were present in significantly more patients in Group 1 (p < 0.025). Treatment of optic neuritis with corticosteroids had no effect on the evolution or duration of Uhthoff's symptom. Overall, 35 of 81 (43%) patients, followed for a mean of 3.5 years, developed multiple sclerosis. The incidence was significantly greater in Group 1 (p < 0.01). Uhthoff's symptom also correlated with a higher incidence of recurrent optic neuritis. We conclude that Uhthoff's symptom is a prognostic indicator for the early development of multiple sclerosis. Scholl GB, Song H-S, Wray SH. Uhthoff's symptom in optic neuritis: relationship to magnetic resonance imaging and development of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 1991;30: 180-184 Uhthoff s symptom of intermittent transient blurring of vision on exertion has been described in multiple sclerosis (MS), isolated idiopathic optic neuritis, and in other optic neuropathies El-51. The symptom may also be provoked by emotional stress, temperature change, menstruation, increased illumination, eating, drinkmg, and smoking [G, 71. An inverse Uhthoffs</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Uhthoff's symptom in optic neuritis: Relationship to magnetic resonance imaging and development of multiple sclerosis","attachmentId":70227475,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53336839/Uhthoffs_symptom_in_optic_neuritis_Relationship_to_magnetic_resonance_imaging_and_development_of_multiple_sclerosis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/53336839/Uhthoffs_symptom_in_optic_neuritis_Relationship_to_magnetic_resonance_imaging_and_development_of_multiple_sclerosis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":100558033,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":100558033,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_100558033" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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