Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=en" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" /> <meta name="description" content="We present applications of a large commercial silicon diode (50 cm $^{2}\,\,\times 500\,\,{\mu }\text{m}$ ) for monitoring low-intensity radiation fields, together with benchmarks via Monte Carlo simulations. After energy calibration with monoenergetic proton and alpha beams in the 2–8-MeV range, we show that the detector is capable of measuring atmospheric radiation at the ground level, not only in terms of a total number of events but also through their energy deposition distribution. Focusing on the atmospheric-like neutron spectrum, we prove that the diode detection cross Section is more than five orders of magnitude larger with respect to static random access memory (SRAM)-based solutions and highlight the potential use cases in the accelerator’s radiation environment. Biłko, Kacper; García Alía, Rubén; Girard, Sylvain; Barbero, Mario Sacristan; Cecchetto, Matteo; Belanger-Champagne, Camille; Brucoli, Matteo; Danzeca, Salvatore; Hands, Alex; Holgado, Pedro Martín; Garcia, Yolanda Morilla; Maestre, Amor Romero; Sebban, Marc; Widorski, Markus" /> <meta name="keywords" content="Detectors, Silicon, Calibration, Energy measurement, Neutrons, Current measurement, Energy resolution, Background Radiation, Silicon Diode, Low-intensity Radiation, Cross-sectional, Monte Carlo Simulation, Ground Level, Radiation Field, Energy Deposition, Random Access Memory, Proton Beam, Energy Calibration, Neutron Energy, Atmospheric Radiation, Potential Use Cases, Static Random Access Memory, Kinetic Energy, Effects Of Radiation, Collimator, Dose Rate, Maximum Energy, Large Hadron Collider, Diode Detector, Beam Energy, Energy Spectrum, Use Of Detection, Gamma Rays, Count Rate, Simulated Spectra, Mitigation Measures, Detector Calibration, Atmospheric neutrons, CERN, centro nacional de aceleradores (CNA), detector, diode, FLUKA, Geant4, silicon, TRIUMF" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="IEEE : Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="Biłko, Kacper" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Sebban, Marc" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Cecchetto, Matteo" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Girard, Sylvain" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Barbero, Mario Sacristan" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Holgado, Pedro Martín" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Maestre, Amor Romero" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="García Alía, Rubén" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Widorski, Markus" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Brucoli, Matteo" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Hands, Alex" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Danzeca, Salvatore" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Belanger-Champagne, Camille" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Garcia, Yolanda Morilla" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="10.1109/TNS.2023.3337839" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci." name="citation_journal_title" /> <meta content="71" name="citation_volume" /> <meta content="770-776" name="citation_firstpage" /> <meta content="2024" name="citation_publication_date" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2024/06/15"> <meta content="10.1109/TNS.2023.3337839" name="citation_doi" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882/files/document.pdf" />  <meta content="Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments" property="og:title" /> <meta content="IEEE" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882" property="og:url" /> <meta content="CERN Document Server" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="We present applications of a large commercial silicon diode (50 cm $^{2}\,\,\times 500\,\,{\mu }\text{m}$ ) for monitoring low-intensity radiation fields, together with benchmarks via Monte Carlo simulations. After energy calibration with monoenergetic proton and alpha beams in the 2–8-MeV range, we show that the detector is capable of measuring atmospheric radiation at the ground level, not only in terms of a total number of events but also through their energy deposition distribution. Focusing on the atmospheric-like neutron spectrum, we prove that the diode detection cross Section is more than five orders of magnitude larger with respect to static random access memory (SRAM)-based solutions and highlight the potential use cases in the accelerator’s radiation environment." property="og:description" /> <meta content="IEEE" property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="en">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=en&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2900882" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=en">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=en">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=en">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=en">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=en" class="navtrail">Home</a> > Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2900882/?ln=en">Information </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2900882/files?ln=en">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2900882"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_authors_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); if (more.style.display=='none'){ more.style.display = ''; extension.style.display = 'none'; link.innerHTML = "Hide" } else { more.style.display = 'none'; extension.style.display = ''; link.innerHTML = "Show all 14 authors" } link.style.color = "rgb(204,0,0);" } function set_up(){ var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); extension.innerHTML = ""; toggle_authors_visibility(); } </script> <a name="show_hide" /><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Bi%C5%82ko%2C%20Kacper&ln=en">Biłko, Kacper</a> (CERN ; Jean Monnet U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Garc%C3%ADa%20Al%C3%ADa%2C%20Rub%C3%A9n&ln=en">García Alía, Rubén</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Girard%2C%20Sylvain&ln=en">Girard, Sylvain</a> (Jean Monnet U. ; IUF, Paris) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Barbero%2C%20Mario%20Sacristan&ln=en">Barbero, Mario Sacristan</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Cecchetto%2C%20Matteo&ln=en">Cecchetto, Matteo</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Belanger-Champagne%2C%20Camille&ln=en">Belanger-Champagne, Camille</a> (TRIUMF) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Brucoli%2C%20Matteo&ln=en">Brucoli, Matteo</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Danzeca%2C%20Salvatore&ln=en">Danzeca, Salvatore</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hands%2C%20Alex&ln=en">Hands, Alex</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Holgado%2C%20Pedro%20Mart%C3%ADn&ln=en">Holgado, Pedro Martín</a> (Seville U.)<span id="more" style=""> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Garcia%2C%20Yolanda%20Morilla&ln=en">Garcia, Yolanda Morilla</a> (Seville U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Maestre%2C%20Amor%20Romero&ln=en">Maestre, Amor Romero</a> (Seville U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Sebban%2C%20Marc&ln=en">Sebban, Marc</a> (Jean Monnet U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Widorski%2C%20Markus&ln=en">Widorski, Markus</a> (CERN)</span> <span id="extension"></span> <small><i><a id="link" href="#" onclick="toggle_authors_visibility()" style="color:rgb(204,0,0);"></a></i></small><script type="text/javascript">set_up()</script></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2024</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">7</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2023.3337839"><i>IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.</i> 71 (2024) 770-776</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2023.3337839" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1109/TNS.2023.3337839</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Detectors and Experimental Techniques</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Accelerator/Facility, Experiment </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=FLUKA&f=693__a">FLUKA</a><br/><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=Geant4&f=693__a">Geant4</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">We present applications of a large commercial silicon diode (50 cm $^{2}\,\,\times 500\,\,{\mu }\text{m}$ ) for monitoring low-intensity radiation fields, together with benchmarks via Monte Carlo simulations. After energy calibration with monoenergetic proton and alpha beams in the 2–8-MeV range, we show that the detector is capable of measuring atmospheric radiation at the ground level, not only in terms of a total number of events but also through their energy deposition distribution. Focusing on the atmospheric-like neutron spectrum, we prove that the diode detection cross Section is more than five orders of magnitude larger with respect to static random access memory (SRAM)-based solutions and highlight the potential use cases in the accelerator’s radiation environment.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">publication: © 2023-2025 The Authors (License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY-4.0</a>)</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2783412">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Record created 2024-06-15, last modified 2024-09-10</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Fulltext:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2900882/files/document.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Download fulltext" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=en&recid=2900882">Add to personal basket</a></li> <li>Export as <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2900882/export/hx?ln=en">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2900882/export/hm?ln=en">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2900882/export/xm?ln=en">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2900882/export/xd?ln=en">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2900882/export/xe?ln=en">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2900882/export/xn?ln=en">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2900882/export/xw?ln=en">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2900882/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900882', addEmail: true, title: "Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments", description: "We present applications of a large commercial silicon diode (50 cm $^{2}\\,\\,\\times 500\\,\\,{\\mu }\\text{m}$ ) for monitoring low-intensity radiation fields, together with benchmarks via Monte Carlo simulations. After energy calibration with monoenergetic proton and alpha beams in the 2\u20138-MeV range, we show that the detector is capable of measuring atmospheric radiation at the ground level, not only in terms of a total number of events but also through their energy deposition distribution. Focusing on the atmospheric-like neutron spectrum, we prove that the diode detection cross Section is more than five orders of magnitude larger with respect to static random access memory (SRAM)-based solutions and highlight the potential use cases in the accelerator\u2019s radiation environment." }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/content-policy" target="_blank">Content Policy</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/terms" target="_blank">Terms and Conditions</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Maintained by <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? Contact <a href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Support</a>. <br /> </div> <div class="pagefooterstriperight"> <div class="cern-logo"> <a id="logo" href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN" rel="CERN" ><img src="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/img/cern-logo-large.png" alt="CERN" /></a> </div> <div class="cern-languagebox"> This site is also available in the following languages:<br /><a href="/record/2900882?ln=bg" class="langinfo">Български</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=ca" class="langinfo">Català</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=de" class="langinfo">Deutsch</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=el" class="langinfo">Ελληνικά</a>  <span class="langinfo">English</span>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=es" class="langinfo">Español</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=fr" class="langinfo">Français</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=hr" class="langinfo">Hrvatski</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=it" class="langinfo">Italiano</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=ja" class="langinfo">日本語</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=ka" class="langinfo">ქართული</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=no" class="langinfo">Norsk/Bokmål</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=pl" class="langinfo">Polski</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=pt" class="langinfo">Português</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=ru" class="langinfo">Русский</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=sk" class="langinfo">Slovensky</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=sv" class="langinfo">Svenska</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=zh_CN" class="langinfo">中文(简)</a>  <a href="/record/2900882?ln=zh_TW" class="langinfo">中文(繁)</a> </div> </div>  </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> var SyndeticsBookCovers = (function() { var SMALL_SIZE = "sc.gif", MEDIUM_SIZE = "mc.gif", RAW_URL = "https://secure.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=THEISBN/THESIZE&client=cernlibrary"; replaceCover = function(imgElement, isbns, hdFormat) { var img = new Image(), size = hdFormat ? MEDIUM_SIZE : SMALL_SIZE; var _isbns = isbns.sort(function(a, b) { // sort from shortest to longest ISBN (more modern) return a.length > b.length ? 1 : -1; }); function next() { var isbn = _isbns.pop(); if (isbn) { var url = RAW_URL.replace("THEISBN", isbn).replace("THESIZE", size); img.src = url; } } function done() { imgElement.src = img.src; } img.onload = function() { if (this.width > 1) { done(); } else { next(); } }; next(); }; return { replaceCover: replaceCover }; })(); $(document).ready(function() { // get book covers $("img.book-cover").each(function() { var $this = $(this), strIsbns = $this.data("isbns") || "", isbnsArray = String(strIsbns).split(","), hdFormat = $this.hasClass("hd"); SyndeticsBookCovers.replaceCover(this, isbnsArray, hdFormat); }); // WebNews tooltips $.ajax({ url: "/news/tooltips", success: function(data) { create_tooltips(data); }, dataType: "json", cache: false }); }); </script>  <script src="//cds.cern.ch/js/feedback.js"></script>   <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://webanalytics.web.cern.ch/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '756']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Ultra-Large Silicon Diode for Characterizing Low-Intensity Radiation Environments - CERN Document Server