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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%ED%99%8D%EC%A2%8C" title="전홍좌 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전홍좌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%AD%E5%BC%98%E4%BD%90" title="銭弘佐 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="銭弘佐" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Цянь Хунцзо – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цянь Хунцзо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">King Chengzong of Wuyue<br />吳越成宗</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">King of <a href="/wiki/Wuyue" title="Wuyue">Wuyue</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">26 September 941<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ282-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 22 June 947<sup id="cite_ref-AS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ287_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ287-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Qian_Yuanguan" title="Qian Yuanguan">Qian Yuanguan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Qian_Hongzong" title="Qian Hongzong">Qian Hongzong</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">14 August 928<sup id="cite_ref-AS_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ80-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a>, Wuyue</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">22 June 947<span style="display:none">(947-06-22)</span> (aged 18)<br /><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a>, Wuyue</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wife</th><td class="infobox-data">Lady Du<br /><a href="/wiki/Consort_Yang_(Wuyue)" title="Consort Yang (Wuyue)">Consort Yang</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Qian Yu (錢昱)<br />Qian Yu (錢郁)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Names</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Qián Hóngzuǒ (錢弘佐)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Era dates</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;"><i>Adopted the era names of <a href="/wiki/Later_Jin_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Jin (Five Dynasties)">Later Jin</a>:</i><br />Tianfu (天福): 941<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–944<br />Kaiyun (開運): 944 –946<br /><i>Adopted the era name of <a href="/wiki/Later_Han_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Han (Five Dynasties)">Later Han</a>:</i><br />Tianfu (天福): 947<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Posthumous_name" title="Posthumous name">Posthumous name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">King Zhōngxiàn (忠獻王, "faithful and wise")</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Temple_name" title="Temple name">Temple name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Chéngzōng (成宗)<sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ79_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ79-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Qian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wuyue" title="Wuyue">Wuyue</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Qian_Yuanguan" title="Qian Yuanguan">Qian Yuanguan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lady_Xu_Xinyue" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Xu Xinyue">Lady Xu Xinyue</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Qian Hongzuo</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">錢弘佐</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">钱弘佐</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Qián Hóngzuǒ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[tɕʰjɛ̌n xʊ̌ŋtswò]</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Chín Wàhng-jo</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Cin<sup>2</sup> Wang<sup>4</sup>-zo<sup>3</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[tsʰin˧˥ wɐŋ˩ tsɔ˧]</a></span></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Qian Hongzuo</b> (<a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">錢弘佐</span>; 14 August 928<sup id="cite_ref-AS_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ80-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 22 June 947<sup id="cite_ref-AS_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ287_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ287-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Courtesy_name" title="Courtesy name">courtesy name</a> <b>Yuanyou</b> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">元祐</span></span>), also known by his <a href="/wiki/Temple_name" title="Temple name">temple name</a> as the <b>King Chengzong of Wuyue</b> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳越成宗</span></span>), was the third <a href="/wiki/Chinese_sovereign" title="Chinese sovereign">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wuyue" title="Wuyue">Wuyue</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_period" title="Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period">Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period</a> of China. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qian_Hongzuo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Qian Hongzuo was born in 928. He was the sixth son of father <a href="/wiki/Qian_Yuanguan" title="Qian Yuanguan">Qian Chuanguan</a> (King Wenmu), who was then still serving under his father (Qian Hongzun's grandfather), Wuyue's first king <a href="/wiki/Qian_Liu" title="Qian Liu">Qian Liu</a> (King Wusu), as the acting military governor (<i><a href="/wiki/Jiedushi" title="Jiedushi">Jiedushi</a></i>) of Wuyue's two main circuits, Zhenhai (鎮海, headquartered at Wuyue's capital Hang Prefecture (杭州, in modern <a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>)) and Zhendong (鎮東, headquartered in modern <a href="/wiki/Shaoxing" title="Shaoxing">Shaoxing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ79_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ79-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother was Qian Chuanguan's concubine <a href="/wiki/Lady_Xu_Xinyue" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Xu Xinyue">Lady Xu Xinyue</a>. While he was ranked as Qian Chuanguan's sixth son, traditional histories heavily implied that he was the second-born in terms of Qian Chuanguan's biological sons, as they emphasized that Qian Chuanguan and his wife <a href="/wiki/Lady_Ma_(Qian_Yuanguan%27s_wife)" title="Lady Ma (Qian Yuanguan's wife)">Lady Ma</a> were sonless and that, therefore, Qian Chuanguan was sonless into his 30s because Qian Liu had forbidden officials from taking concubines, until Lady Ma personally pleaded for an exemption for Qian Chuanguan due to that reason — and listing Qian Chuanguan's fifth son <a href="/wiki/Qian_Hongzun" title="Qian Hongzun">Qian Hongzun</a> and Qian Hongzuo among the biological sons born from Qian Chuanguan's concubines,<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ282-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while omitting their older brothers Qian Hongzhuan (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">錢弘僎</span></span>), Qian Hongxuan (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">錢弘儇</span></span>), Qian Hongyou (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">錢弘侑</span></span>), and Qian Hong'an (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">錢弘侒</span></span>), although only Qian Hongyou was explicitly stated to be an adoptive son.<sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ83_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ83-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Qian Chuanguan succeeded to the throne after Qian Liu's death in 932 (and changed his name to Qian Yuanguan),<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Qian Hongzun was initially designated the heir apparent. As his sons grew older, Qian Yuanguan built a mansion of the heir apparent for Qian Hongzun. Shortly before Qian Hongzun was to move into the mansion, there was a time when Qian Hongzuo and Qian Hongzun were gambling with each other, and Qian Hongzun made a comment in jest, "The Lord King is building an office for me. I am willing to gamble you for it." When they then played dice, however, Qian Hongzuo won, causing Qian Hongzun to lose his composure. Qian Hongzuo, without losing composure as well, stated, "When you, fifth brother, enter the headquarters, I, Hongzuo, will receive the seal of a general." He bowed to Qian Hongzun, but Qian Hongzun was not pleased and left immediately.<sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ80-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Qian Hongzun died in 940.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ282-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Qian Hongzuo was thereafter made the deputy military governors of Zhenhai and Zhendong, effectively being designated the heir. In 941, Qian Yuanguan was deathly ill. After a conversation with his officer Zhang De'an (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">章德安</span></span>) in which he toyed with the idea of passing the throne to an older member of his clan because of Qian Hongzuo's youth, he ultimately decided on entrusting Qian Hongzuo to Zhang. He died shortly after. As there were rumors that another officer, Dai Yun (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">戴惲</span></span>), whose wife was a relative to Qian Hongyou's wet nurse, was planning on supporting Qian Hongyou to succeed Qian Yuanguan, Zhang initially kept Qian Yuanguan's death a secret; rather, he had his soldiers ambush, arrest, and kill Dai, and then had Qian Hongyou demoted to commoner rank and changed in name back to his birth name of Sun. Zhang then led the other officials and officers in announcing Qian Yuanguan's will, naming Qian Hongzuo the military governor of Zhenhai and Zhendong. Qian Hongzuo shortly after took the position, apparently, not only of military governor, but also king.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ282-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qian_Hongzuo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the start of his reign, Qian Hongzuo designated the chancellor <a href="/wiki/Cao_Zhongda" title="Cao Zhongda">Cao Zhongda</a> as regent. Shortly after, when the soldiers complained about unevenness of rewards to them, the officers were unable to quell their discontent, requiring Cao to personally speak to them and comfort them before the discontent faded.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ282-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As king, Qian Hongzuo was said to be mild-tempered and respectful, studious, diligent, and capable of discovering hidden evils. Once, upon hearing that the state had 10 years worth of excess food storage, he decided to exempt the people of taxes for three years. Around the new year 942, <a href="/wiki/Shi_Jingtang" title="Shi Jingtang">Shi Jingtang</a> the emperor of <a href="/wiki/Later_Jin_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Jin (Five Dynasties)">Later Jin</a>, to whom he was formally a vassal, formally created him the King of Wuyue, the military governor of Zhenhai and Zhendong, and honorary chancellor with the title of <i>Zhongshu Ling</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中書令</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ282-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By fall 943, however, the commander of the headquarter corps, Kan Fan (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">闞璠</span></span>), was said to be so dominant at Qian's court such that, even though Zhang De'an and another officer, Li Wenqing (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">李文慶</span></span>), tried to counterbalance his power, they could not do so, and Zhang and Li ended up being sent out to be prefects of Chu (處州, in modern <a href="/wiki/Lishui" title="Lishui">Lishui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>) and Mu (睦州, in modern Hangzhou), respectively, such that Kan and <a href="/wiki/Hu_Jinsi" title="Hu Jinsi">Hu Jinsi</a> became particularly dominant after that. Later in the year, Qian married the <a href="/wiki/Consort_Yang_(Wuyue)" title="Consort Yang (Wuyue)">daughter</a> of the senior general <a href="/wiki/Yang_Renquan" title="Yang Renquan">Yang Renquan</a> as his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ283_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ283-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (He had a prior wife, a Lady Du, but she appeared to have died before his becoming king. Consort Yuan herself, though, apparently did not live a long time after the marriage, although when she died is unclear.)<sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ83_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ83-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 944, Wuyue's southern neighbor <a href="/wiki/Min_(Ten_Kingdoms)" title="Min (Ten Kingdoms)">Min</a> was deeply caught in civil war, with the general <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Wenjin" title="Zhu Wenjin">Zhu Wenjin</a> (having earlier assassinated the emperor <a href="/wiki/Wang_Yanxi" title="Wang Yanxi">Wang Yanxi</a> and taken control of the capital Fu Prefecture (福州, in modern <a href="/wiki/Fuzhou" title="Fuzhou">Fuzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a>)) claiming the title of Emperor of Min, battling Wang Yanxi's brother <a href="/wiki/Wang_Yanzheng" title="Wang Yanzheng">Wang Yanzheng</a> (in control of Jian Prefecture (建州, in modern <a href="/wiki/Nanping" title="Nanping">Nanping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a>), who claimed the title of Emperor of <a href="/wiki/Yin_(Ten_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yin (Ten Kingdoms)">Yin</a>. Zhu sought aid from Wuyue and sent brother(s) and son(s) to serve as hostages in that effort, but there was no record of any responses by Qian. After Zhu was later assassinated, Wang Yanzheng briefly took control of all of the Min realm and reclaimed the title of Emperor of Min, but soon the general <a href="/wiki/Li_Renda" title="Li Renda">Li Renda</a> led a revolt against him at Fu. Li Renda established friendly relations with Wuyue, as Wang Yanzheng later also attempted to do in seeking aid from Wuyue when Jian Prefecture came under the attack of Min's (and Wuyue's) northwestern neighbor <a href="/wiki/Southern_Tang" title="Southern Tang">Southern Tang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ284_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ284-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before Wuyue could intervene at all, however, Jian fell to Southern Tang, ending Min, and Southern Tang, at least nominally, took over all of the former Min realm, although Li Renda, while formally a Southern Tang vassal, continued to control Fu and the surrounding area.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ285_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ285-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By late 945, Qian was said to have trusted the wicked officer Cheng Zhaoyue (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">程昭悅</span></span>), who had previously been a wealthy merchant who was able to become an officer by ingratiating Kan and Du Zhaoda (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">杜昭達</span></span>), a nephew to the deceased Lady Du. Kan became irritated at the close association between Qian and Cheng, and when Cheng tried to appease Kan by apologizing to him, Kan made him more fearful by stating, "I wanted to kill you at first. Now that you are showing remorse, I will not do so." Cheng thereafter conspired with Hu, and had Qian issue orders making Kan and Hu the prefects of Ming (明州, in modern <a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>) and Hu (湖州, in modern <a href="/wiki/Huzhou" title="Huzhou">Huzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>) respectively. Kan initially wanted to refuse the order, but Hu persuaded him to accept. Cheng then falsely accused Kan and Du of wanting to support Qian's cousin Qian Renjun (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">錢仁俊</span></span>) to be the new king, and Qian Hongzuo then put Kan and Du to death and put Qian Renjun under house arrest. Cheng used this opportunity to accuse many officers of being in league with Kan and Du, and it was said that some 100 were either killed or exiled.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ285_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ285-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 946, Southern Tang's emperor <a href="/wiki/Li_Jing_(Southern_Tang)" title="Li Jing (Southern Tang)">Li Jing</a>, unable to get Li Renda to yield actual control of the Fu region by himself, sent the official <a href="/wiki/Chen_Jue_(Southern_Tang)" title="Chen Jue (Southern Tang)">Chen Jue</a> to Fu to try to persuade Li Renda to do so. When Li Renda refused, Chen, initially without Li Jing's orders, launched an army and attacked Fu. Li Renda requested aid from Wuyue, and while most officials and generals at Qian Hongzuo's court opposed intervention, Qian himself decided that he needed to aid Li Renda, and sent the generals Zhang Yun (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">張筠</span></span>) and Zhao Chengtai (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">趙承泰</span></span>) with 30,000 men to aid Li Renda. Initially, the joint forces of Wuyue and Li Renda were unable to stop the Southern Tang attack, and Fu appeared in danger of falling.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ285_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ285-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In spring 947, Qian, working with the officers Shuiqiu Zhaoquan (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">水丘昭券</span></span>) and Chu Wen (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">儲溫</span></span>), ambushed and killed Cheng (whose power he had become apprehensive about). He then released Qian Renjun from house arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ286_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ286-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In summer 947, Qian sent another detachment, commanded by Yu An (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">余安</span></span>), to aid Fu, but initially was unable to land. The Southern Tang general <a href="/wiki/Feng_Yanlu" title="Feng Yanlu">Feng Yanlu</a>, believing that allowing the Wuyue army to land would allow them to be conclusively destroyed, decided to allow them to do so. Once the Wuyue army landed, however, they aggressively attacked the Southern Tang sieging army, and the Southern Tang forces collapsed. The siege was lifted, and Zhang and Yu thereafter returned to Wuyue. Qian Hongzuo sent the general Bao Xiurang (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">鮑修讓</span></span>) to command a Wuyue detachment to be stationed at Fu. Simultaneously, he made his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Qian_Hongzong" title="Qian Hongzong">Qian Hongzong</a> chancellor — which, in light of later events, appeared to be intending to designate Qian Hongzong as heir.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ286_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ286-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (By this point, Later Jin had fallen to the <a href="/wiki/Khitan_people" title="Khitan people">Khitan</a> <a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao</a> state, and Qian Hongzuo had apparently formally submitted to Liao's <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Taizong of Liao">Emperor Taizong</a> as a vassal, although he also apparently submitted to the Later Jin general <a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhiyuan" title="Liu Zhiyuan">Liu Zhiyuan</a>, who then established <a href="/wiki/Later_Han_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Han (Five Dynasties)">Later Han</a> in rivalry to Liao, as well.)<sup id="cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SGCQ80-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Qian Hongzuo died in fall 947. He left a will designating Qian Hongzong as the military governor of Zhenhai and Zhendong, and Qian Hongzong thereafter took over control of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ287_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ287-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qian_Hongzuo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ282-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ282_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Zizhi_Tongjian" title="Zizhi Tongjian">Zizhi Tongjian</a></i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7282" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷282">vol. 282</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AS_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AS_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AS_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AS_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AS_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Academia Sinica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sinocal.sinica.edu.tw">Chinese-Western Calendar Converter</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ287-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ287_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ287_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ287_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zizhi Tongjian</i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7287" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷287">vol. 287</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SGCQ80-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ80_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/06075838.cn#page/n118/mode/2up">vol. 80</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">941 was the 6th year of <i>Tianfu</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">947 was defined as the 12th year of <i>Tianfu</i> by <a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhiyuan" title="Liu Zhiyuan">Liu Zhiyuan</a>, the emperor of Later Han.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SGCQ79-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ79_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ79_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_Annals_of_the_Ten_Kingdoms" title="Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms">Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/06075838.cn#page/n84/mode/2up">vol. 79</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i>Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms</i> recorded the <i>Chéngzōng</i> temple name but noted that the use of temple names by Wuyue kings were not fully confirmed.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SGCQ83-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ83_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SGCQ83_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/06075839.cn#page/n88/mode/2up">vol. 83</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zizhi Tongjian</i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7277" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷277">vol. 277</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ283-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ283_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zizhi Tongjian</i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7283" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷283">vol. 283</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ284-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ284_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zizhi Tongjian</i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7284" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷284">vol. 284</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ285-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ285_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ285_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ285_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zizhi Tongjian</i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7285" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷285">vol. 285</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ286-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ286_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ286_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zizhi Tongjian</i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7286" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷286">vol. 286</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Qian_Yuanguan" title="Qian Yuanguan">Qian Yuanguan</a> (King Wenmu)</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Wuyue" title="Wuyue">King of Wuyue</a> </b><br />941–947 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Qian_Hongzong" title="Qian Hongzong">Qian Hongzong</a> (King Zhongxun)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Shi_Chonggui" title="Shi Chonggui">Shi Chonggui</a> of <a href="/wiki/Later_Jin_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Jin (Five Dynasties)">Later Jin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Li_Jing_(Southern_Tang)" title="Li Jing (Southern Tang)">Li Jing</a> of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Tang" title="Southern Tang">Southern Tang</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Sovereign of China (Northeastern <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a>) (<i>de jure</i>) </b><br />946–947 <br />With: <b> <a href="/wiki/Shi_Chonggui" title="Shi Chonggui">Shi Chonggui</a> of <a href="/wiki/Later_Jin_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Jin (Five Dynasties)">Later Jin</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Wen" title="Zhu Wen">Zhu Wen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yougui" title="Zhu Yougui">Zhu Yougui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Youzhen" title="Zhu Youzhen">Zhu Youzhen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concurrent warlords</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Shouguang" title="Liu Shouguang">Liu Shouguang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yan_(Five_Dynasties_period)" title="Yan (Five Dynasties period)">Yan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Rong_(warlord)" title="Wang Rong (warlord)">Wang Rong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zhao_(Five_Dynasties_period)" title="Zhao (Five Dynasties period)">Zhao</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Maozhen" title="Li Maozhen">Li Maozhen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Qi_(Li_Maozhen%27s_state)" title="Qi (Li Maozhen's state)">Qi</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Tang" title="Later Tang">Later Tang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Jin" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jin_(Later_Tang_precursor)" title="Jin (Later Tang precursor)">Jin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Li_Keyong" title="Li Keyong">Li Keyong</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Cunxu" title="Li Cunxu">Li Cunxu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Siyuan" title="Li Siyuan">Li Siyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Conghou" title="Li Conghou">Li Conghou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Congke" title="Li Congke">Li Congke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Jin_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Jin (Five Dynasties)">Later Jin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Jingtang" title="Shi Jingtang">Shi Jingtang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Chonggui" title="Shi Chonggui">Shi Chonggui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interregnum<br />(<a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao</a> occupation)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Taizong of Liao">Emperor Taizong of Liao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Shizong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Shizong of Liao">Emperor Shizong of Liao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Han_(Five_Dynasties)" title="Later Han (Five Dynasties)">Later Han</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhiyuan" title="Liu Zhiyuan">Liu Zhiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Chengyou" title="Liu Chengyou">Liu Chengyou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Han" title="Northern Han">Northern Han</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Chong" title="Liu Chong">Liu Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jun_(Northern_Han)" title="Liu Jun (Northern Han)">Liu Chengjun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Ji%27en" title="Liu Ji'en">Liu Ji'en</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jiyuan" title="Liu Jiyuan">Liu Jiyuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Zhou" title="Later Zhou">Later Zhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Wei" title="Guo Wei">Guo Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chai_Rong" title="Chai Rong">Chai Rong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Zongxun" title="Guo Zongxun">Guo Zongxun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ten Kingdoms<br />(other than Northern Han)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Former_Shu" title="Former Shu">Former Shu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jian_(Former_Shu)" title="Wang Jian (Former Shu)">Wang Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zongyan" title="Wang Zongyan">Wang Zongyan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Shu" title="Later Shu">Later Shu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meng_Zhixiang" title="Meng Zhixiang">Meng Zhixiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meng_Chang" title="Meng Chang">Meng Chang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jingnan" title="Jingnan">Jingnan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Jixing" title="Gao Jixing">Gao Jixing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Conghui" title="Gao Conghui">Gao Conghui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Baorong" title="Gao Baorong">Gao Baorong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Baoxu" title="Gao Baoxu">Gao Baoxu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Jichong" title="Gao Jichong">Gao Jichong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ma_Chu" title="Ma Chu">Chu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Yin" title="Ma Yin">Ma Yin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xisheng" title="Ma Xisheng">Ma Xisheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xifan" title="Ma Xifan">Ma Xifan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xiguang" title="Ma Xiguang">Ma Xiguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xi%27e" title="Ma Xi'e">Ma Xi'e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xichong" title="Ma Xichong">Ma Xichong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Han" title="Southern Han">Southern Han</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yan_(Southern_Han)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liu Yan (Southern Han)">Liu Yan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Bin_(Southern_Han)" title="Liu Bin (Southern Han)">Liu Bin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Sheng_(Southern_Han)" title="Liu Sheng (Southern Han)">Liu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Chang_(Southern_Han)" title="Liu Chang (Southern Han)">Liu Chang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yang_Wu" title="Yang Wu">Wu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Xingmi" title="Yang Xingmi">Yang Xingmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Wo" title="Yang Wo">Yang Wo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Longyan" title="Yang Longyan">Yang Longyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Pu" title="Yang Pu">Yang Pu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Tang" title="Southern Tang">Southern Tang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Bian" title="Li Bian">Li Bian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jing_(Southern_Tang)" title="Li Jing (Southern Tang)">Li Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Yu_(Southern_Tang)" title="Li Yu (Southern Tang)">Li Yu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Min_(Ten_Kingdoms)" title="Min (Ten Kingdoms)">Min</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Chao_(Tang_dynasty)" title="Wang Chao (Tang dynasty)">Wang Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Shenzhi" title="Wang Shenzhi">Wang Shenzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yanhan" title="Wang Yanhan">Wang Yanhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yanjun" title="Wang Yanjun">Wang Yanjun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jipeng" title="Wang Jipeng">Wang Jipeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yanxi" title="Wang Yanxi">Wang Yanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Wenjin" title="Zhu Wenjin">Zhu Wenjin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yin_(Five_Dynasties_period)" title="Yin (Five Dynasties period)">Yin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yanzheng" title="Wang Yanzheng">Wang Yanzheng</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wuyue" title="Wuyue">Wuyue</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Liu" title="Qian Liu">Qian Liu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Yuanguan" title="Qian Yuanguan">Qian Yuanguan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qian Hongzuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Hongzong" title="Qian Hongzong">Qian Hongzong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Chu" title="Qian Chu">Qian Chu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:Kings_of_Xia" title="Template:Kings of Xia">Xia</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Kings_of_Shang" title="Template:Kings of Shang">Shang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Kings_of_Zhou" title="Template:Kings of Zhou">Zhou</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Qin" title="Template:Monarchs of Qin">Qin</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Han_emperors" title="Template:Han emperors">Han</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Three_Kingdoms_emperors" title="Template:Three Kingdoms emperors">3 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Jin_emperors_(266%E2%80%93420)" title="Template:Jin emperors (266–420)">Jìn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Sixteen_Kingdoms_rulers" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Sixteen Kingdoms rulers">16 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Southern_dynasties_emperors" title="Template:Southern dynasties emperors">S. Dynasties</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Northern_dynasties_emperors" title="Template:Northern dynasties emperors">N. Dynasties</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Sui_emperors" title="Template:Sui emperors">Sui</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Tang_emperors" title="Template:Tang emperors">Tang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_rulers" title="Template:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms rulers">5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Liao_emperors" title="Template:Liao emperors">Liao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Song_emperors" title="Template:Song emperors">Song</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Western_Xia_emperors" title="Template:Western Xia emperors">W. Xia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Jin_emperors_(1115%E2%80%931234)" title="Template:Jin emperors (1115–1234)">Jīn</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Yuan_emperors" title="Template:Yuan emperors">Yuan</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Ming_emperors" title="Template:Ming emperors">Ming</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Qing_emperors" title="Template:Qing emperors">Qing</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Presidents of the Republic of China">ROC</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Paramount_leaders_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Paramount leaders of the People's Republic of China">PRC</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qian_Hongzuo&oldid=1243804139">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qian_Hongzuo&oldid=1243804139</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:928_births" title="Category:928 births">928 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:947_deaths" title="Category:947 deaths">947 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Hangzhou" title="Category:Politicians from Hangzhou">Politicians from Hangzhou</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Generals_from_Zhejiang" title="Category:Generals from Zhejiang">Generals from Zhejiang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wuyue_kings" title="Category:Wuyue kings">Wuyue kings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wuyue_jiedushi" title="Category:Wuyue jiedushi">Wuyue jiedushi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zhenhai_jiedushi" title="Category:Zhenhai jiedushi">Zhenhai jiedushi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Later_Jin_(Five_Dynasties)_jiedushi" title="Category:Later Jin (Five Dynasties) jiedushi">Later Jin (Five Dynasties) jiedushi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zhendong_jiedushi" title="Category:Zhendong jiedushi">Zhendong jiedushi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Liao_dynasty_jiedushi_of_Zhenhai_Circuit" title="Category:Liao dynasty jiedushi of Zhenhai Circuit">Liao dynasty jiedushi of Zhenhai Circuit</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Liao_dynasty_jiedushi_of_Zhendong_Circuit" title="Category:Liao dynasty jiedushi of Zhendong Circuit">Liao dynasty jiedushi of Zhendong Circuit</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Later_Tang_people" title="Category:Later Tang people">Later Tang people</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2019" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2019">Use dmy dates from August 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_traditional_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text">Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 September 2024, at 14:49<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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