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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-综述" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#综述"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>综述</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-综述-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-目的" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#目的"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>目的</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-目的-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-典型的图元对象" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#典型的图元对象"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>典型的图元对象</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-典型的图元对象-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-矢量运算" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#矢量运算"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>矢量运算</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-矢量运算-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-打印" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#打印"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>打印</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-打印-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-三维造型" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#三维造型"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>三维造型</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-三维造型-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">矢量图形</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。55种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رسوميات متجهية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رسوميات متجهية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فيكتور – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيكتور" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obyekt-y%C3%B6nl%C3%BC_qrafika" title="Obyekt-yönlü qrafika – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Obyekt-yönlü qrafika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вектарная графіка – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вектарная графіка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вэктарная графіка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вэктарная графіка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Векторна графика – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Векторна графика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="ভেক্টর গ্রাফিক্স – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভেক্টর গ্রাফিক্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorska_grafika" title="Vektorska grafika – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vektorska grafika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A0fic_vectorial" title="Gràfic vectorial – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gràfic vectorial" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorov%C3%A1_grafika" title="Vektorová grafika – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vektorová grafika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorgrafik" title="Vektorgrafik – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vektorgrafik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorgrafik" title="Vektorgrafik – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vektorgrafik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vector graphics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektora_bildo" title="Vektora bildo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vektora bildo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A1fico_vectorial" title="Gráfico vectorial – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gráfico vectorial" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorgraafika" title="Vektorgraafika – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vektorgraafika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irudi_bektorial" title="Irudi bektorial – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Irudi bektorial" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="گرافیک برداری – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گرافیک برداری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorigrafiikka" title="Vektorigrafiikka – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vektorigrafiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_vectorielle" title="Image vectorielle – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Image vectorielle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A1fico_vectorial" title="Gráfico vectorial – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gráfico vectorial" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="גרפיקה וקטורית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרפיקה וקטורית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorgrafika" title="Vektorgrafika – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vektorgrafika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambar_vektor" title="Gambar vektor – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gambar vektor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiko_vektorala" title="Grafiko vektorala – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Grafiko vektorala" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigurmynd" title="Vigurmynd – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vigurmynd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafica_vettoriale" title="Grafica vettoriale – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grafica vettoriale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E7%94%BB%E5%83%8F" title="ベクター画像 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベクター画像" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ვექტორული გამოსახულება – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვექტორული გამოსახულება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A1%ED%84%B0_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%ED%94%BD%EC%8A%A4" title="벡터 그래픽스 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="벡터 그래픽스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorgrafika" title="Vektorgrafika – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vektorgrafika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Графике информацийым векторло кодлымаш – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Графике информацийым векторло кодлымаш" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Векторска графика – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Векторска графика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafik_vektor" title="Grafik vektor – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Grafik vektor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="भेक्टर चित्रण – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भेक्टर चित्रण" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectorafbeelding" title="Vectorafbeelding – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vectorafbeelding" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorgrafikk" title="Vektorgrafikk – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vektorgrafikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafika_wektorowa" title="Grafika wektorowa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grafika wektorowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desenho_vetorial" title="Desenho vetorial – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Desenho vetorial" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafic%C4%83_vectorial%C4%83" title="Grafică vectorială – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grafică vectorială" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Векторная графика – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Векторная графика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorska_grafika" title="Vektorska grafika – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vektorska grafika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vector graphics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorov%C3%A1_grafika" title="Vektorová grafika – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vektorová grafika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorska_grafika" title="Vektorska grafika – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vektorska grafika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Векторска графика – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Векторска графика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vektorgrafik" title="Vektorgrafik – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vektorgrafik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="திசையன் வரைகலை – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திசையன் வரைகலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ภาพกราฟิกส์เวกเตอร์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาพกราฟิกส์เวกเตอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapikong_bektor" title="Grapikong bektor – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Grapikong bektor" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vekt%C3%B6rel_grafik" title="Vektörel grafik – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vektörel grafik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Векторна графіка – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Векторна графіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="ویکٹر گرافکس – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویکٹر گرافکس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-f3e2a619" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VectorGraphicsExample.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/VectorGraphicsExample.jpg/200px-VectorGraphicsExample.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/VectorGraphicsExample.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="522" /></a><figcaption>矢量图形的显示效果示例：（a）原始矢量图；（b）矢量图放大8倍；（c）位图放大8倍。位图的放大<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="品質">品質</a>较差，但是矢量图可以不降低<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="品質">品質</a>地无限放大。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>矢量图形</b>是<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机图形学">计算机图形学</a>中用<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B9" title="点">点</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E7%BA%BF" title="直线">直线</a>或者<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%BE%B9%E5%BD%A2" title="多边形">多边形</a>等基于数学方程的几何图元表示的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F" title="图像">图像</a>。矢量图形与使用<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0" title="像素">像素</a>表示图像的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E5%9B%BE" title="位图">位图</a>不同。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="综述"><span id=".E7.BB.BC.E8.BF.B0"></span>综述</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：综述"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>所有的现代计算机<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%99%A8" title="显示器">显示器</a>都要将矢量图形转换成栅格图像的格式，包含屏幕上每个像素数值的栅格图像保存在<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98" class="mw-disambig" title="内存">内存</a>中。 </p><p>从计算机发展的最初1950年代一直到1980年代，曾经使用过一种不同类型的矢量图形系统显示器。在这些系统中CRT显示器的电子束直接逐段生成所需图形，屏幕其它部分保持为黑的状态。为了达到没有闪烁或者接近没有闪烁的效果，这个过程每秒要重复很多次。这种显示系统可以生成分辨率非常高的艺术线条，并且不需要栅格系统生成同样分辨率所需要的对于当时来说非常巨大的内存空间。这种基于矢量的显示器称为<b>X-Y显示器</b>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Raster_to_Vector_Mechanical_Example.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Raster_to_Vector_Mechanical_Example.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="331" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="184" data-file-height="331" /></a><figcaption>矢量化是去除照片中多余信息的好方法。（为了在本页显示，图像转成了JPEG格式。）</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tj-loco.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Tj-loco.jpg/200px-Tj-loco.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Tj-loco.jpg/300px-Tj-loco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Tj-loco.jpg/400px-Tj-loco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>原始照片，JPEG栅格图像</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tj-loco-vec.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Tj-loco-vec.gif/200px-Tj-loco-vec.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Tj-loco-vec.gif/300px-Tj-loco-vec.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Tj-loco-vec.gif/400px-Tj-loco-vec.gif 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>矢量化的Steam Locomotive 7646，最初是Windows Metafile格式。</figcaption></figure> <p>矢量图形显示器的最初应用之一是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A4%E8%80%85%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="贤者系统">US SAGE防空系统</a>。矢量图形系统只有在1999年美国的空管中出现过故障，现在依然在军队以及一些特殊系统中使用。另外，1963年，计算机图形学先驱Ivan Sutherland在MIT Lincoln Laboratory的TX-2上使用矢量系统运行他的Sketchpad程序。 </p><p>后来的矢量图形系统包括Digital的GT40 [1]。有一个名为Vectrex的家庭游戏系统使用了矢量图形，另外还有<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Asteroids" class="extiw" title="w:en:Asteroids">「Asteroids」</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="星球大戰">「Space wars」</a>这样的游乐中心游戏也使用了矢量图形。另外值得一提的是Tektronix 4014，尽管它的显示是静态的。 </p><p>如今矢量图形这个术语主要用于二维计算机图形学领域。它是艺术家能够在栅格显示器上生成图像的几种方式之一。另外几种方式包括文本、多媒体以及三维渲染。實質上而言，所有当今的三维渲染都是二维矢量图形技术的扩展。工程制图领域的绘图仪仍然直接在图纸上绘制矢量图形。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="目的"><span id=".E7.9B.AE.E7.9A.84"></span>目的</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：目的"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>例如，程序绘制一个<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="半径">半径</a>为<i>r</i>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86" title="圆">圆</a>所需的主要信息是: </p> <ol><li>半径<i>r</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E5%BF%83" class="mw-redirect" title="圓心">圆心</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%90%E6%A0%87" class="mw-redirect" title="坐标">坐标</a></li> <li>轮廓样式与颜色</li> <li>填充样式与颜色</li></ol> <p>这种绘制图比<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E5%9B%BE" title="位图">位图</a>的优越之处有： </p> <ul><li>保存最少的信息，文件大小比位图要小，并且文件大小与物体的大小无关</li> <li>在图像处理软件中，任意放大矢量图形，不会丢失细节或影响清晰度，因为矢量图形是与分辨率无关的。无限地放大这个圆，它仍然保持平滑；而位图用多边形表示的曲线将会显现出不是真正的曲线</li> <li>在放大的时候，直线与曲线都不会成比例地变粗，它只会保持不变或者要小于缩放比例；为了看起来比较平滑，使用简单几何形状表示的不规则曲线将会成比例地变粗，并且看起来不再像这些几何形状</li> <li>保存的物体参数可以在后面修改。这也就是说物体的<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8)" title="運動 (物理學)">运动</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E6%94%BE" title="缩放">缩放</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8B%E8%BD%AC" title="旋转">旋转</a>、填充等都不会降低绘制的精度。另外，可以用与设备无关的单位表示，这样更好地栅格设备上进行<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%85%E6%A0%BC%E5%8C%96" title="栅格化">栅格化</a>。</li> <li>从三维的视角来看，由于阴影可以抽象为形成它们的光线，所以矢量图形的阴影渲染更加真实。这样就可以得到真实感的图像及渲染效果。</li> <li>当调整矢量图形的大小、将矢量图形打印到 PostScript 打印机、在 PDF 文件中保存矢量图形或将矢量图形导入到基于矢量的图形应用程序中时，矢量图形都将保持清晰的边缘。因此，对于将在各种输出媒体中按照不同大小使用的图稿（如徽标），矢量图形是最佳选择<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="典型的图元对象"><span id=".E5.85.B8.E5.9E.8B.E7.9A.84.E5.9B.BE.E5.85.83.E5.AF.B9.E8.B1.A1"></span>典型的图元对象</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：典型的图元对象"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E7%BA%BF" title="直线">直线</a>与<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E4%B9%89%E7%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多义线（页面不存在）">多义线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%BE%B9%E5%BD%A2" title="多边形">多边形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86" title="圆">圆</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%AD%E5%9C%86" title="椭圆">椭圆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%B2%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="貝塞爾曲線">贝塞尔曲线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%B7%E6%9D%A1" title="贝塞尔样条">贝塞尔样条</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="文字">文字</a>（如「<a href="/wiki/TrueType" title="TrueType">TrueType</a>」这样的電腦字体，每个字符都是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%B2%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="貝塞爾曲線">贝塞尔曲线</a>绘制的）</li></ul> <p>这只是其中的一部分，另外还有各种各样用于不同应用程序的曲线，如<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catmull-Rom" class="extiw" title="w:Catmull-Rom">「Catmull-Rom样条」</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%9D%87%E5%8C%80%E6%9C%89%E7%90%86B%E6%A0%B7%E6%9D%A1" title="非均匀有理B样条">非均匀有理B样条</a>等。 </p><p>通常<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E5%9B%BE" title="位图">位图</a>图像也是一个元对象，从概念上来看它同<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A9%E5%BD%A2" title="矩形">矩形</a>的表现类似。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="矢量运算"><span id=".E7.9F.A2.E9.87.8F.E8.BF.90.E7.AE.97"></span>矢量运算</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：矢量运算"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>矢量图形编辑器通常可以旋转、平移、镜像、拉伸、扭曲矢量图形，通常可以进行<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%BF%E5%B0%84%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" title="仿射变换">仿射变换</a>，改变深度位置并且将图元与复杂物体合并。更加复杂的变换包括封闭<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E7%8B%80" title="形狀">形状</a>的<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Set_(mathematics)" class="extiw" title="w:en:Set (mathematics)">集合</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E7%AE%97" title="运算">运算</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B6%E9%9B%86" title="并集">并集</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A5%E9%9B%86" title="补集">补集</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%9B%86" title="交集">交集</a>等）。 </p><p>矢量图形非常适合于与设备无关的简单或者合成的制图或者不需要实现真实感的场合。例如，「<a href="/wiki/PostScript" title="PostScript">PostScript</a>」以及<a href="/wiki/PDF" class="mw-redirect" title="PDF">PDF</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="页面描述语言">页面描述语言</a>就使用了矢量图形模型。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="打印"><span id=".E6.89.93.E5.8D.B0"></span>打印</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：打印"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>矢量艺术线条是<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%8D%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="列印">打印</a>领域中的一项关键技术。因为艺术线条是从一系列数学点得到的，所以无论如何缩放艺术线条打印结果<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="品質">質素</a>都非常高。例如，将同一个矢量标识图打印到名片上或者放大到广告牌上，都可以得到同样的图像<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="品質">質素</a>。与此不同的是，如果<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E5%9B%BE" title="位图">位图</a>从名片大小放大到广告版的尺寸，那么图像细节将会变得非常模糊。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="三维造型"><span id=".E4.B8.89.E7.BB.B4.E9.80.A0.E5.9E.8B"></span>三维造型</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：三维造型"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%BB%B4%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="三维计算机图形学">三维计算机图形学</a>中，矢量表面表示非常常见，而位图可以用作表面纹理、高度场数据以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B8%E5%87%B9%E7%BA%B9%E7%90%86%E6%98%A0%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="凸凹纹理映射">凸凹纹理映射</a>等特殊目的。在低端系统中，在应用程序中用简单的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%BE%B9%E5%BD%A2%E7%BD%91%E6%A0%BC" title="多边形网格">多边形网格</a>表示几何细节，在这些场合交互<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%A7%E7%8E%87" title="帧率">帧率</a>或者简单性都是非常重要的。在高端系统中，如果希望通过牺牲渲染时间的方法换取更好的图像<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="品質">質素</a>及精度，那么就可以使用<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%9D%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%B2%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贝塞尔曲面（页面不存在）">贝塞尔曲面</a>、<a href="/wiki/NURBS" class="mw-redirect" title="NURBS">NURBS</a>或者<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E5%88%86%E6%9B%B2%E9%9D%A2" title="细分曲面">细分曲面</a>等平滑表示方法。但是，我们也可以用<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Phong_shading" class="extiw" title="w:en:Phong shading">「Phong shading」</a>这样的算法从多边形网格实现一个平滑曲面。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://helpx.adobe.com/cn/photoshop/using/image-essentials.html#WSCFDA855F-B5B4-4316-AA0A-DFA4CC1DAC7D">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-07-17</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140726082518/http://helpx.adobe.com/cn/photoshop/using/image-essentials.html#WSCFDA855F-B5B4-4316-AA0A-DFA4CC1DAC7D">存档</a>于2014-07-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fcn%2Fphotoshop%2Fusing%2Fimage-essentials.html%23WSCFDA855F-B5B4-4316-AA0A-DFA4CC1DAC7D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Wikimedia Commons上的<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Vector_graphics_tutorial/zh" class="extiw" title="commons:Help:Vector graphics tutorial/zh">矢量圖形教程</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="计算机辅助设计">计算机辅助设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="地图">电子地图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F" title="图形文件格式">图形文件格式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A2%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="矢量图形编辑器列表">矢量图形编辑器列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SVG" class="mw-redirect" title="SVG">SVG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapefile" title="Shapefile">Shapefile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="体素">体素</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ngis.moea.gov.tw/moeaweb/Rinfo/KMSubItem.aspx?ID=21">矢量、網格資料</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160304094320/http://ngis.moea.gov.tw/moeaweb/Rinfo/KMSubItem.aspx?ID=21">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Metafile" title="Windows Metafile">WMF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%91%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%97%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="向量字型（页面不存在）">向量字型</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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