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uptake</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: glucose uptake"> <meta name="keywords" content="glucose uptake"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="glucose uptake"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1393</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: glucose uptake</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1393</span> An Increase in Glucose Uptake per se is Insufficient to Induce Oxidative Stress and Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Khader">Heba Khader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Solodushko"> Victor Solodushko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Fouty"> Brian Fouty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of uncontrolled diabetes and causes vascular endothelial dysfunction. An increase in glucose uptake and metabolism by vascular endothelial cells is the presumed trigger for this hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction. Glucose uptake into vascular endothelial cells is mediated largely by Glut-1. Glut-1 is an equilibrative glucose transporter with a Km value of 2 mM. At physiologic glucose concentrations, Glut-1 is almost saturated and, therefore, increasing glucose concentration does not increase glucose uptake unless Glut-1 is upregulated. However, hyperglycemia downregulates Glut-1 and decreases rather than increases glucose uptake in vascular endothelial cells. This apparent discrepancy necessitates further study on the effect of increasing glucose uptake on the oxidative state and function of vascular endothelial cells. To test this, a Tet-on system was generated to conditionally regulate Glut-1 expression in endothelial cells by the addition and removal of doxycycline. Glut-1 overexpression was confirmed by Western blot and radiolabeled glucose uptake measurements. Upregulation of Glut-1 resulted in a 4-fold increase in glucose uptake into endothelial cells as determined by 3H deoxy-D-glucose uptake. Increased glucose uptake through Glut-1 did not induce an oxidative stress nor did it cause endothelial dysfunction in rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells determined by monolayer resistance, cell proliferation or advanced glycation end product formation. Increased glucose uptake through Glut-1did not lead to an increase in glucose metabolism, due in part to inhibition of hexokinase in Glut-1 overexpressing cells. In summary, this study demonstrates that increasing glucose uptake and intracellular glucose by overexpression of Glut-1 does not alter the oxidative state of rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells or cause endothelial cell dysfunction. These results conflict with the current paradigm that hyperglycemia leads to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in vascular endothelial cells through an increase in glucose uptake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endothelial%20cells" title="endothelial cells">endothelial cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake" title=" glucose uptake"> glucose uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glut1" title=" Glut1"> Glut1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperglycemia" title=" hyperglycemia"> hyperglycemia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40571/an-increase-in-glucose-uptake-per-se-is-insufficient-to-induce-oxidative-stress-and-vascular-endothelial-cell-dysfunction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1392</span> Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten on Glucose Uptake and Insulin Sensitivity in Pancreatic β Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-Hyun%20Leem">Kang-Hyun Leem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Gyou%20Kim"> Myung-Gyou Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye%20Kyung%20Kim"> Hye Kyung Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) has a global distribution and have been used for medicinal benefits such as artherosclerosis, diabetes, gastritis, and hyperglycemia. However, very little information is currently available for their mechanism. The prikly pear variety Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten (OFS) is widely cultivated in Cheju Island, southwestern region of Korea, and used as a functional food. Present study investigated the effects of OFS on pancreatic β-cell function using pancreatic islet β cells (HIT cell). Alpha-glucosidase inhibition, glucose uptake, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and pancreatic β cell proliferation were determined. The inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of OFS stem on α-glucosidase enzyme was measured in a cell free system. Glucose uptake was determined using fluorescent glucose analogue, 2-NBDG. Insulin secretion was measured by ELISA assay. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Ethanol extracts of OFS dose-dependently inhibited α-glucosidase activity as well as glucose uptake. Insulinotrophic effect of OFS extract was observed at high glucose media in pancreatic β-islet cells. Furthermore, pancreatic β cell regeneration was also observed.These results suggest that OFS mediates the antidiabetic activity mainly via α-glucosidase inhibition, glucose uptake, and improved insulin sensitivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prickly%20pear%20cactus" title="prickly pear cactus">prickly pear cactus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opuntia%20ficus-indica%20var.%20Saboten" title=" Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten"> Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20islet%20HIT%20cells" title=" pancreatic islet HIT cells"> pancreatic islet HIT cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-glucosidase" title=" α-glucosidase"> α-glucosidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake" title=" glucose uptake"> glucose uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulinotrophic" title=" insulinotrophic"> insulinotrophic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32210/effects-of-opuntia-ficus-indica-var-saboten-on-glucose-uptake-and-insulin-sensitivity-in-pancreatic-v-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1391</span> Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten Stimulates Adipogenesis, Lipolysis, and Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye%20Kyung%20Kim">Hye Kyung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Gyou%20Kim"> Myung-Gyou Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-Hyun%20Leem"> Kang-Hyun Leem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) has a global distribution and has been used for medicinal benefits such as artherosclerosis, diabetes, gastritis, and hyperglycemia. The prickly pear variety Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten (OFS) is widely cultivated in Cheju Island, the southwestern region of Korea, and used as a functional food. The present study investigated the effects of OFS on adipogenesis, lipolysis, glucose uptake, and glucose transporter (GLUT4) expression using preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells. Adipogenesis was determined by preadipocyte differentiation and triglyceride accumulation assessed by Oil Red O staining. Lipolysis was determined as the rate of glycerol release. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 expression were measured using fluorescent glucose analogue, 2-NBDG, and ELISA, respectively. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was performed to investigate the effects of OFS on the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Ethanol extracts of OFS dose-dependently enhanced adipocyte differentiation and cellular triglyceride levels indicating the enhancement of the differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 expression were also dose-dependently increased by OFS treatment. Furthermore, OFS treatment also increased the mRNA levels of PPARγ. These effects of OFS on adipocytes suggest that OFS is potentially beneficial for type 2 diabetes by due to its enhanced glucose uptake and balanced adipogenesis and lipolysis properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3T3-L1%20preadipocyte%20cell" title="3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell">3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipogenesis" title=" adipogenesis"> adipogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GLUT4" title=" GLUT4"> GLUT4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipolysis" title=" lipolysis"> lipolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opuntia%20ficus-indica%20var.%20Saboten" title=" Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten"> Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PPAR%CE%B3" title=" PPARγ"> PPARγ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prickly%20pear%20cactus" title=" prickly pear cactus"> prickly pear cactus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32209/opuntia-ficus-indica-var-saboten-stimulates-adipogenesis-lipolysis-and-glucose-uptake-in-3t3-l1-adipocytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1390</span> The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Glycemic Control in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Chin%20Huang">Chun-Chin Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Individuals with prediabetes increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Exercise is a potent stimulator of skeletal muscle glucose uptake and thus good for maintaining glucose homeostasis. That could be a conducive method to improve blood glucose regulation and prevent type 2 diabetes without medication intake. The aim of this study was to summarize mechanisms of insulin resistance and investigate the beneficial effects of acute and chronic aerobic exercise on glycemic control in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Aerobic exercise regulates glucose homeostasis and reduces blood glucose, insulin concentrations. Therefore, the type of aerobic exercise brings positive effects to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title="insulin resistance">insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20sensitivity" title=" glucose sensitivity"> glucose sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impaired%20fasting%20glucose" title=" impaired fasting glucose"> impaired fasting glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impaired%20glucose%20tolerance" title=" impaired glucose tolerance"> impaired glucose tolerance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135391/the-effect-of-aerobic-exercise-on-glycemic-control-in-prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135391.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1389</span> Mechanism of in Vitro Inhibition of Alpha-Amylase, Alpha-Glucosidase by Ethanolic Extracts of Polyalthia Longifolia, Its in Vitro Cytotoxicity on L6, Vero Cell-Lines and Influence of Glucose Uptake by Rat Hemi-Diaphragm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Gayathri">P. Gayathri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20P.%20Jeyanthi"> G. P. Jeyanthi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The bark of Polyalthia longifolia is used in ayurvedic system of medicine for the manangement of various ailments including diabetes mellitus. The bark of P. longifolia extracts was extracted using various polar and non-polar solvents and tested for inhibition of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase among which the ethanolic extracts were found to be more potent. The ethanolic extracts of the bark were tested for the in vitro inhibition of alpha-amylase using starch as substrate and alpha-glucosidase using p-nitro phenyl alpha-D-gluco pyranoside as substrate to establish its in vitro antidiabetic effect. The mechanism of inhibition was determined by Dixon plot and Cornish-Bowden plot. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was tested on L6 and Vero cell-lines. The extract was partially purified by TLC. The individual effect of the ethanolic extract, TLC fractions and its combinatorial effect with insulin and glibenclamide on glucose uptake by rat hemi-diaphragm were studied.Results revealed that the ethanolic extracts of Polyalthia longifolia bark exhibited competitive inhibition of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase. The extracts were also found not to be cytotoxic at the highest dose of 1 mg/mL. Glucose uptake study revealed that the extract alone and when combined with insulin, decreased the glucose uptake when compared to insulin control, however the purified TLC fractions exhibited significantly higher (p<0.05) glucose uptake by the rat hemi-diaphragm when compared to insulin. The study shows various possible mechanism of in vitro antidiabetic effect of the P. longifolia bark. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha-amylase" title="alpha-amylase">alpha-amylase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha-glucosidase" title=" alpha-glucosidase"> alpha-glucosidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dixon" title=" dixon"> dixon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cornish-bowden" title=" cornish-bowden"> cornish-bowden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L6" title=" L6 "> L6 </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vero%20cell-lines" title=" Vero cell-lines"> Vero cell-lines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake" title=" glucose uptake"> glucose uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyalthia%20longifolia%20bark" title=" polyalthia longifolia bark"> polyalthia longifolia bark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanolic%20extract" title=" ethanolic extract"> ethanolic extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TLC%20fractions" title=" TLC fractions"> TLC fractions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34899/mechanism-of-in-vitro-inhibition-of-alpha-amylase-alpha-glucosidase-by-ethanolic-extracts-of-polyalthia-longifolia-its-in-vitro-cytotoxicity-on-l6-vero-cell-lines-and-influence-of-glucose-uptake-by-rat-hemi-diaphragm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1388</span> Antidiabetic Potential of Pseuduvaria monticola Bark Extract on the Pancreatic Cells, NIT-1 and Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hairin%20Taha">Hairin Taha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aditya%20Arya"> Aditya Arya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Hapipah"> M. A. Hapipah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Mustafa"> A. M. Mustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plants have been an important source of medicine since ancient times. Pseuduvaria monticola is a rare montane forest species from the Annonaceae family. Traditionally, the plant was used to cure symptoms of fever, inflammation, stomach-ache and also to reduce the elevated levels of blood glucose. Scientifically, we have evaluated the antidiabetic potential of the Pseuduvaria monticola bark methanolic extract on certain in vitro cell based assays, followed by in vivo study. Results from in vitro models displayed PMm upregulated glucose uptake and insulin secretion in mouse pancreatic β-cells. In vivo study demonstrated the PMm down-regulated hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic rat models. Altogether, the study revealed that Pseuduvaria monticola might be used as a potential candidate for the management of type 2 diabetes and its related complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20diabetes" title="type 2 diabetes">type 2 diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pseuduvaria%20monticola" title=" Pseuduvaria monticola"> Pseuduvaria monticola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20secretion" title=" insulin secretion"> insulin secretion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake" title=" glucose uptake"> glucose uptake</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13005/antidiabetic-potential-of-pseuduvaria-monticola-bark-extract-on-the-pancreatic-cells-nit-1-and-type-2-diabetic-rat-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1387</span> Berberine Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-Induced Hyperglycemia: An In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrinal%20Gupta">Mrinal Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Rumman"> Mohammad Rumman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babita%20Singh%20Abbas%20Ali%20Mahdi"> Babita Singh Abbas Ali Mahdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivani%20Pandey"> Shivani Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Berberine (BBR), a bioactive compound isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma, possesses diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypolipidemic, and anti-diabetic. However, its role as an anti-diabetic agent in animal models of dexamethasone (Dex)-induced diabetes remains unknown. Studies have shown that natural compounds, including aloe, caper, cinnamon, cocoa, green and black tea, and turmeric, can be used for treating Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Compared to conventional drugs, natural compounds have fewer side effects and are easily available. Herein, we studied the anti-diabetic effects of BBR in a mice model of Dex-induced diabetes. Methods: HepG2 cell line was used for glucose release and glycogen synthesis studies. Cell proliferation was measured by methylthiotetrazole (MTT) assay. For animal studies, mice were treated with Dex (2 mg/kg, i.m.) for 30 days and the effect of BBR at the doses 100, 200, and 500 mg/kg (p.o.) was analyzed. Glucose, insulin, and pyruvate tests were performed to evaluate the development of the diabetic model. An echo MRI was performed to assess the fat mass. Further, to elucidate the mechanism of action of BBR, mRNA expression of genes regulating gluconeogenesis, glucose uptake, and glycolysis were analyzed. Results: In vitro BBR had no impact on cell viability up to a concentration of 50μM. Moreover, BBR suppressed the hepatic glucose release and improved glucose tolerance in HepG2 cells. In vivo, BBR improved glucose homeostasis in diabetic mice, as evidenced by enhanced glucose clearance, increased glycolysis, elevated glucose uptake, and decreased gluconeogenesis. Further, Dex treatment increased the total fat mass in mice, which was ameliorated by BBR treatment. Conclusion: BBR improves glucose tolerance by increasing glucose clearance, inhibiting hepatic glucose release, and decreasing obesity. Thus, BBR may become a potential therapeutic agent for treating glucocorticoid-induced diabetes and obesity in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucocorticoid" title="glucocorticoid">glucocorticoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperglycemia" title=" hyperglycemia"> hyperglycemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=berberine" title=" berberine"> berberine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HepG2%20cells" title=" HepG2 cells"> HepG2 cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title=" glucose"> glucose</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172767/berberine-ameliorates-glucocorticoid-induced-hyperglycemia-an-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1386</span> Method Optimisation for [¹⁸F]-FDG Rodent Imaging Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Visser">J. Visser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Driver"> C. Driver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Ebenhan"> T. Ebenhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> [¹⁸F]-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) is a radiopharmaceutical compound that is used for non-invasive cancer tumor imaging through positron emission tomography (PET). This radiopharmaceutical is used to visualise the metabolic processes in tumour tissues, which can be applied for the diagnosis and prognosis of various types of cancer. [¹⁸F]-FDG has widespread use in both clinical and pre-clinical research settings. Imaging using [¹⁸F]-FDG results in representative normal tissue distribution as well as visualisation of hypermetabolic lesions ([¹⁸F]-FDG avid foci). The metabolic tissue concentration of these lesions following [¹⁸F]-FDG administration can be quantified using Standard Uptake Values (SUV). Standard uptake values of [¹⁸F]-FDG-based Positron Emission Tomography can be influenced by various biological and technical handling factors. Biological factors that affect [¹⁸F]-FDG uptake include the blood glucose levels of subjects, normal physiological variants between subjects and administration of certain pharmaceutical agents. Technical factors that can have an effect include the route of radiopharmaceutical or pharmaceutical agents administered and environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and lighting. These factors influencing tracer uptake need to be investigated to improve the robustness of the imaging protocol, which will achieve reproducible image acquisition across various research projects, optimised tumor visualisation and increased data validity and reliability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorodeoxyglucose" title="fluorodeoxyglucose">fluorodeoxyglucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumour%20imaging" title=" tumour imaging"> tumour imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodent" title=" Rodent"> Rodent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blood%20Glucose" title=" Blood Glucose"> Blood Glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET%2FCT%20Imaging" title=" PET/CT Imaging"> PET/CT Imaging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193486/method-optimisation-for-18f-fdg-rodent-imaging-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1385</span> Glucose Uptake Rate of Insulin-Resistant Human Liver Carcinoma Cells (IR/HepG2) by Flavonoids from Enicostema littorale via IR/IRS1/AKT Pathway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyanka%20Mokashi">Priyanka Mokashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aparna%20Khanna"> Aparna Khanna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nancy%20Pandita"> Nancy Pandita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder which will be the 7th leading cause of death by 2030. The current line of treatment for the diabetes mellitus is oral antidiabetic drugs (biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones and alpha-glycosidase inhibitors) and insulin therapy depending upon the type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. But, these treatments have their disadvantages, ranging from the developing of resistance to the drugs and adverse effects caused by them. Alternative to these synthetic agents, natural products provides a new insight for the development of more efficient and safe drugs due to their therapeutic values. Enicostema littorale blume (A. Raynal) is a traditional Indian plant belongs to the Gentianaceae family. It is widely distributed in Asia, Africa, and South America. There are few reports on Swrtiamarin, major component of this plant for its antidiabetic activity. However, the antidiabetic activity of flavonoids from E. littorale and their mechanism of action have not yet been elucidated. Flavonoids have a positive relationship with disease prevention and can act on various molecular targets and regulate different signaling pathways in pancreatic β-cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes and skeletal myofibers. They may exert beneficial effects in diabetes by (i) improving hyperglycemia through regulation of glucose metabolism in hepatocytes; (ii) enhancing insulin secretion and reducing apoptosis and promoting proliferation of pancreatic β-cells; (iii) increasing glucose uptake in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (iv) reducing insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, we have isolated four flavonoid rich fractions, Fraction A (FA), Fraction B (FB), Fraction C (FC), Fraction D (FD) from crude alcoholic hot (AH) extract from E. littorale, identified by LC/MS. Total eight flavonoids were identified on the basis of fragmentation pattern. Flavonoid FA showed the presence of swertisin, isovitexin, and saponarin; FB showed genkwanin, quercetin, isovitexin, FC showed apigenin, swertisin, quercetin, 5-O-glucosylswertisin and 5-O-glucosylisoswertisin whereas FD showed the presence of swertisin. Further, these fractions were assessed for their antidiabetic activity on stimulating glucose uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cell line model (IR/HepG2). The results showed that FD containing C-glycoside Swertisin has significantly increased the glucose uptake rate of IR/HepG2 cells at the concentration of 10 µg/ml as compared to positive control Metformin (0.5mM) which was determined by glucose oxidase- peroxidase method. It has been reported that enhancement of glucose uptake of cells occurs due the translocation of Glut4 vesicles to cell membrane through IR/IRS1/AKT pathway. Therefore, we have studied expressions of three genes IRS1, AKT and Glut4 by real-time PCR to evaluate whether they follow the same pathway or not. It was seen that the glucose uptake rate has increased in FD treated IR/HepG2 cells due to the activation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) followed by protein kinase B (AKT) through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) leading to translocation of Glut 4 vesicles to cell membrane, thereby enhancing glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity of insulin resistant HepG2 cells. Hence, the up-regulation indicated the mechanism of action through which FD (Swertisin) acts as antidiabetic candidate in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20littorale" title="E. littorale">E. littorale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20transporter" title=" glucose transporter"> glucose transporter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake%20rate" title=" glucose uptake rate"> glucose uptake rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61611/glucose-uptake-rate-of-insulin-resistant-human-liver-carcinoma-cells-irhepg2-by-flavonoids-from-enicostema-littorale-via-irirs1akt-pathway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1384</span> Genetic Change in Escherichia coli KJ122 That Improved Succinate Production from an Equal Mixture of Xylose and Glucose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apichai%20Sawisit">Apichai Sawisit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirima%20Suvarnakuta%20Jantama"> Sirima Suvarnakuta Jantama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunthorn%20Kanchanatawee"> Sunthorn Kanchanatawee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lonnie%20O.%20Ingram"> Lonnie O. Ingram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaemwich%20Jantama"> Kaemwich Jantama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Escherichia coli KJ122 was engineered to produce succinate from glucose using the wild type GalP for glucose uptake instead of the native phosphotransferase system (ptsI mutation). This strain ferments 10% (w/v) xylose poorly. Mutants were selected by serial transfers in AM1 mineral salts medium with 10% (w/v) xylose. Evolved mutants exhibited a similar improvement, co-fermentation of an equal mixture of xylose and glucose. One of these, AS1600a, produced 84.26±1.37 g/L succinate, equivalent to that produced by the parent (KJ122) strain from 10% glucose (85.46±1.78 g/L). AS1600a was sequenced and found to contain a mutation in galactose permease (GalP, G236D). Expressing the galP* mutation gene in KJ122ΔgalP resembled the xylose utilization phenotype of the mutant AS1600a. The strain AS1600a and KJ122ΔgalP (pLOI5746; galP*) also co-fermented a mixture of glucose, xylose, arabinose, and galactose in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate for succinate production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xylose" title="xylose">xylose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furfural" title=" furfural"> furfural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=succinate" title=" succinate"> succinate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane%20bagasse" title=" sugarcane bagasse"> sugarcane bagasse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20coli" title=" E. coli"> E. coli</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42138/genetic-change-in-escherichia-coli-kj122-that-improved-succinate-production-from-an-equal-mixture-of-xylose-and-glucose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1383</span> Fatty Acid Translocase (Cd36), Energy Substrate Utilization, and Insulin Signaling in Brown Adipose Tissue in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Pravenec">Michal Pravenec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miroslava%20Simakova"> Miroslava Simakova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Silhavy"> Jan Silhavy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism in rodents and possibly also in humans. Recently, using systems genetics approach in the BAT from BXH/HXB recombinant inbred strains, derived from the SHR (spontaneously hypertensive rat) and BN (Brown Norway) progenitors, we identified Cd36 (fatty acid translocase) as the hub gene of co-expression module associated with BAT relative weight and function. An important aspect of BAT biology is to better understand the mechanisms regulating the uptake and utilization of fatty acids and glucose. Accordingly, BAT function in the SHR that harbors mutant nonfunctional Cd36 variant (hereafter referred to as SHR-Cd36⁻/⁻) was compared with SHR transgenic line expressing wild type Cd36 under control of a universal promoter (hereafter referred to as SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺). BAT was incubated in media containing insulin and 14C-U-glucose alone or 14C-U-glucose together with palmitate. Incorporation of glucose into BAT lipids was significantly higher in SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ versus SHR-Cd36⁻/⁻ rats when incubation media contained glucose alone (SHR-Cd36⁻/⁻ 591 ± 75 vs. SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ 1036 ± 135 nmol/gl./2h; P < 0.005). Adding palmitate into incubation media had no effect in SHR-Cd36⁻/⁻ rats but significantly reduced glucose incorporation into BAT lipids in SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ (SHR-Cd36⁻/⁻ 543 ± 55 vs. SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ 766 ± 75 nmol/gl./2h; P < 0.05 denotes significant Cd36 x palmitate interaction determined by two-way ANOVA). This Cd36-dependent reduced glucose uptake in SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ BAT was likely secondary to increased palmitate incorporation and utilization due to the presence of wild type Cd36 fatty acid translocase in transgenic rats. This possibility is supported by increased incorporation of 14C-U-palmitate into BAT lipids in the presence of both palmitate and glucose in incubation media (palmitate alone: SHR-Cd36⁻/⁻ 870 ± 21 vs. SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ 899 ± 42; glucose+palmitate: SHR-Cd36⁻/⁻ 899 ± 47 vs. SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ 1460 ± 111 nmol/palm./2h; P < 0.05 denotes significant Cd36 x glucose interaction determined by two-way ANOVA). It is possible that addition of glucose into the incubation media increased palmitate incorporation into BAT lipids in SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ rats because of glucose availability for glycerol phosphate production and increased triglyceride synthesis. These changes in glucose and palmitate incorporation into BAT lipids were associated with significant differential expression of Irs1, Irs2, Slc2a4 and Foxo1 genes involved in insulin signaling and glucose metabolism only in SHR-Cd36⁺/⁺ rats which suggests Cd36-dependent effects on insulin action. In conclusion, these results provide compelling evidence that Cd36 plays an important role in BAT insulin signaling and energy substrate utilization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brown%20adipose%20tissue" title="brown adipose tissue">brown adipose tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cd36" title=" Cd36"> Cd36</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20substrate%20utilization" title=" energy substrate utilization"> energy substrate utilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20signaling" title=" insulin signaling"> insulin signaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spontaneously%20hypertensive%20rat" title=" spontaneously hypertensive rat"> spontaneously hypertensive rat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114284/fatty-acid-translocase-cd36-energy-substrate-utilization-and-insulin-signaling-in-brown-adipose-tissue-in-spontaneously-hypertensive-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1382</span> Mutation of Galp Improved Fermentation of Mixed Sugars to Succinate Using Engineered Escherichia coli As1600a </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apichai%20Sawisit">Apichai Sawisit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirima%20Suvarnakuta%20Jantama"> Sirima Suvarnakuta Jantama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunthorn%20Kanchanatawee"> Sunthorn Kanchanatawee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lonnie%20O.%20Ingram"> Lonnie O. Ingram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaemwich%20Jantama"> Kaemwich Jantama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Escherichia coli KJ122 was engineered to produce succinate from glucose using the wild type GalP for glucose uptake instead of the native phosphotransferase system (ptsI mutation). This strain ferments 10% (w/v) xylose poorly. Mutants were selected by serial transfers in AM1 mineral salts medium with 10% (w/v) xylose. Evolved mutants exhibited a similar improvement, co-fermentation of an equal mixture of xylose and glucose. One of these, AS1600a, produced 84.26±1.37 g/L succinate, equivalent to that produced by the parent (KJ122) strain from 10% glucose (85.46±1.78 g/L). AS1600a was sequenced and found to contain a mutation in galactose permease (GalP, G236D). Expressing the galP* mutation gene in KJ122ΔgalP resembled the xylose utilization phenotype of the mutant AS1600a. The strain AS1600a and KJ122ΔgalP (pLOI5746; galP*) also co-fermented a mixture of glucose, xylose, arabinose, and galactose in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate for succinate production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xylose" title="xylose">xylose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furfural" title=" furfural"> furfural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=succinat" title=" succinat"> succinat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane%20bagasse" title=" sugarcane bagasse"> sugarcane bagasse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20coli" title=" E. coli "> E. coli </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46871/mutation-of-galp-improved-fermentation-of-mixed-sugars-to-succinate-using-engineered-escherichia-coli-as1600a" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1381</span> Spatio-Temporal Properties of p53 States Raised by Glucose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Jahoor%20Alam">Md. Jahoor Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent studies suggest that Glucose controls several lifesaving pathways. Glucose molecule is reported to be responsible for the production of ROS (reactive oxygen species). In the present work, a p53-MDM2-Glucose model is developed in order to study spatiotemporal properties of the p53 pathway. The systematic model is mathematically described. The model is numerically simulated using high computational facility. It is observed that the variation in glucose concentration level triggers the system at different states, namely, oscillation death (stabilized), sustain and damped oscillations which correspond to various cellular states. The transition of these states induced by glucose is phase transition-like behaviour. Further, the amplitude of p53 dynamics with the variation of glucose concentration level follows power law behaviour, As(k) ~ kϒ, where, ϒ is a constant. Further Stochastic approach is needed for understanding of realistic behaviour of the model. The present model predicts the variation of p53 states under the influence of glucose molecule which is also supported by experimental facts reported by various research articles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillation" title="oscillation">oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20behavior" title=" temporal behavior"> temporal behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p53" title=" p53"> p53</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title=" glucose"> glucose</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47042/spatio-temporal-properties-of-p53-states-raised-by-glucose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1380</span> Correlation between Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin Gene (Vgb) and Cadmium Uptake in the Heterologous Host Enterobacter Aerogenes in Response to Metabolic Inhibitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Khleifat">Khaled Khleifat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muayyad%20Abboud"> Muayyad Abboud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Almustafa"> Ahmad Almustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of metabolic inhibitor/uncoupler(s) (CCCP and NaN3) and sulfhydryl reagents (dithiothreitol, 2 mercaptoethanol glutathione) on cadmium uptake was investigated in Enterobacter aerogenes strains. They include a transformed strain bearing the Vitreoscillahemoglobin gene, vgb as well as control strains that lack this transformed gene. The vgb-harboring strains showed better uptake of cadmium than vgb-lacking strains. Under low aeration, there was 2 fold enhancement of Cd+2 uptake in vgb-harboring strains compared with 1.6-fold enhancement under high aeration. The CCCP caused 36, 40 and 58% inhibition in cadmium uptake of parental, pUC9 harboring and VHb expressing cells, respectively. Similarly, the sodium azide exerted 44, 38 and 55% inhibition in Cd+2 uptake of parental, pUC9 harboring and VHb expressing cells, respectively. Less extensive inhibition of Cd+2 uptake in the range of 11 to 39% was observed with sulfhydryl reagents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20hemoglobin" title="bacterial hemoglobin">bacterial hemoglobin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VHb" title=" VHb"> VHb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cd%20uptake" title=" Cd uptake"> Cd uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51252/correlation-between-vitreoscilla-hemoglobin-gene-vgb-and-cadmium-uptake-in-the-heterologous-host-enterobacter-aerogenes-in-response-to-metabolic-inhibitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1379</span> Synergistic and Antagonistic Interactions between Garlic Extracts and Metformin in Diabetes Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikram%20Elsiddig">Ikram Elsiddig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yacouba%20Djamila"> Yacouba Djamila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amna%20Hamad"> Amna Hamad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract—The worldwide increasing of using herbs in form of medicine with or without prescription medications potentiates the interactions between herbal products and conventional medicines; due to more research for herb-drug interactions are needed. for a long time hyperglycemia had been treated with several medicinal plants. A. sativum, belonging to the Liliaceae family is well known for its medicinal uses in African traditional medicine, it used for treating of many human diseases mainly diabetes, high cholesterol and high blood pressure. The purpose of this study is to determine the interaction effect between A. sativum bulb extracts and metformin drug used in diabetes treatment. The in vitro and in vivo evaluation were conducted by glucose reuptake using isolated rats hemidiaphgrams tissue and by estimate glucose tolerance in glucose-loaded wistar albino rats. The results showed that, petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts were found to have activity of glucose uptake in isolated rats hemidiaphgrams of 24.11 mg/g, 19.07 mg/g and 15.66 mg/g compared to metformin drug of 17 mg/g. These activity were reducded to 17.8 mg/g, 13.59 mg/g and 14.46 mg/g after combination with metformin, metformin itself reduced to 13.59 mg/g, 14.46 mg/g and 12.71 mg/g in comination with chloroform and ethyl acetate. These decrease in activity could be due to herbal–drug interaction between the extracts of A. sativum bulb and metformin drug. The interaction between A. sativum extract and metformin was also shown by in vivo study on the induced hyperglycemic rats. The glucose level after administered of 200 mg/kg was found to be increase with 47.2 % and 17.7% at first and second hour compared to the increase of blood glucose in the control group of 82.6% and76.7%.. At fourth hour the glucose level was became less than normal with 3.4% compared to control which continue to increase with 68.2%. Dose of 400 mg/kg at first hour showed increase in blood glucose of 31.5 %, at second and fourth hours the glucose level was became less than normal with decrease of 3.2 % and 30.4%. After combination the activity was found to be less than that of extract at both high and low dose, whereas, at first and second hour, the glucose level was found to be increase with 50.4% and 21.2%, at fourth hour the glucose level was became less than normal with 14%. Therefore A. sativum could be a potential source for anti-diabetic when it used alone, and it is significant important to use the garlic extract alone instead of combined with Metformin drug in diabetes- treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antagonistic" title="Antagonistic">Antagonistic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garlic" title=" Garlic"> Garlic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metformin" title=" Metformin"> Metformin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Synergistic" title=" Synergistic"> Synergistic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78119/synergistic-and-antagonistic-interactions-between-garlic-extracts-and-metformin-in-diabetes-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1378</span> Effects of Molybdenum on Phosphorus Concentration in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Zakikhani">Hamed Zakikhani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Khanif%20Yusop"> Mohd Khanif Yusop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Soltangheisi"> Amin Soltangheisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A hydroponic trial was carried out to investigate the effect of molybdenum (Mo) on uptake of phosphorus (P) in different rice cultivars. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete-block design, with a split-plot arrangement of treatments and three replications. Four rates of Mo (0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg L−1) and five cultivars (MR219, HASHEMI, MR232, FAJRE and MR253) provided the main and sub-plots, respectively. Interaction of molybdenum×variety was significant on shoot phosphorus uptake (p≤0.01). Highest and lowest shoot phosphorus uptake were seen in Mo3V3 (0.6% plant-1) and Mo0V3 (0.14% plant-1) treatments, respectively. Molybdenum did not have a significant effect on root phosphorus content. According to results, application of molybdenum has a synergistic effect on uptake of phosphorus by rice plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molybdenum" title="molybdenum">molybdenum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uptake" title=" uptake"> uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title=" rice"> rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=" "> </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5240/effects-of-molybdenum-on-phosphorus-concentration-in-rice-oryza-sativa-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1377</span> Mathematical Modelling of the Effect of Glucose on Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Activity </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20K.%20Perez-Ramirez">Karen K. Perez-Ramirez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genevieve%20Dupont"> Genevieve Dupont</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginia%20Gonzalez-Velez"> Virginia Gonzalez-Velez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pancreatic alpha-cells participate on glucose regulation together with beta cells. They release glucagon hormone when glucose level is low to stimulate gluconeogenesis from the liver. As other excitable cells, alpha cells generate Ca2+ and metabolic oscillations when they are stimulated. It is known that the glucose level can trigger or silence this activity although it is not clear how this occurs in normal and diabetic people. In this work, we propose an electric-metabolic mathematical model implemented in Matlab to study the effect of different glucose levels on the electrical response and Ca2+ oscillations of an alpha cell. Our results show that Ca2+ oscillations appear in opposite phase with metabolic oscillations in a window of glucose values. The model also predicts a direct relationship between the level of glucose and the intracellular adenine nucleotides showing a self-regulating pathway for the alpha cell. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ca2%2B%20oscillations" title="Ca2+ oscillations">Ca2+ oscillations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20oscillations" title=" metabolic oscillations"> metabolic oscillations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20alpha%20cell" title=" pancreatic alpha cell"> pancreatic alpha cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96002/mathematical-modelling-of-the-effect-of-glucose-on-pancreatic-alpha-cell-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1376</span> Caffeic Acid Methyl and Ethyl Esters Exhibit Beneficial Effect on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Cultured Murine Insulin-Sensitive Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20M.%20Eid">Hoda M. Eid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abir%20Nachar"> Abir Nachar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Thong"> Farah Thong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gary%20Sweeney"> Gary Sweeney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20S.%20Haddad"> Pierre S. Haddad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Caffeic acid methyl ester (CAME) and caffeic ethyl esters (CAEE) were previously reported to potently stimulate glucose uptake in cultured C2C12 skeletal muscle cells via insulin-independent mechanisms involving the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In the present study, we investigated the effect of the two compounds on the translocation of glucose transporter GLUT4 in L6 skeletal muscle cells. The cells were treated with the optimum non-toxic concentration (50 µM) of either CAME or CAEE for 18 h. Levels of GLUT4myc at the cell surface were measured by O-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (OPD) assay. The effects of CAME and CAEE on GLUT1 and GLUT4 protein content were also measured by western immunoblot. Our results show that CAME and CAEE significantly increased glucose uptake, GLUT4 translocation and GLUT4 protein content. Furthermore, the effect of the two CA esters on two insulin-sensitive cell lines: H4IIE rat hepatoma and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were investigated. CAME and CAEE reduced the enzymatic activity of the key hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, they exerted a concentration-dependent antiadipogenic effect on 3T3-L1 cells. Mitotic clonal expansion (MCE), a prerequisite for adipocytes differentiation was also concentration-dependently inhibited. The two compounds abrogated lipid droplet accumulation, blocked MCE and maintained cells in fibroblast-like state when applied at the maximum non-toxic concentration (100 µM). In addition, the expression of the early key adipogenic transcription factors CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBP-β) and the master regulator of adipogenesis peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) were inhibited. We, therefore, conclude that CAME and CAEE exert pleiotropic benefits in several insulin-sensitive cell lines through insulin-independent mechanisms involving AMPK, hence they may treat obesity, diabetes and other metabolic diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus" title="type 2 diabetes mellitus">type 2 diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GLUT4" title=" GLUT4"> GLUT4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akt" title=" Akt"> Akt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AMPK." title=" AMPK."> AMPK.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44025/caffeic-acid-methyl-and-ethyl-esters-exhibit-beneficial-effect-on-glucose-and-lipid-metabolism-in-cultured-murine-insulin-sensitive-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1375</span> Cloning and Characterization of UDP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylases from Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens and Rhodococcus wratislaviensis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesfin%20Angaw%20Tesfay">Mesfin Angaw Tesfay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Uridine-5’-diphosphate (UDP)-glucose is one of the most versatile building blocks within the metabolism of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, serving as an activated sugar donor during the glycosylation of natural products. It is formed by the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) using uridine-5′-triphosphate (UTP) and α-d-glucose 1-phosphate as a substrate. Herein, two UGPase genes from Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens ZW3 (LkUGPase) and Rhodococcus wratislaviensis IFP 2016 (RwUGPase) were identified through genome mining approaches. The LkUGPase and RwUGPase have 299 and 306 amino acids, respectively. Both UGPase has the conserved UTP binding site (G-X-G-T-R-X-L-P) and the glucose -1-phosphate binding site (V-E-K-P). The LkUGPase and RwUGPase were cloned in E. coli, and SDS-PAGE analysis showed the expression of both enzymes forming about 36 KDa of protein band after induction. LkUGPase and RwUGPase have an activity of 1549.95 and 671.53 U/mg, respectively. Currently, their kinetic properties are under investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UGPase" title="UGPase">UGPase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LkUGPase" title=" LkUGPase"> LkUGPase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RwUGPase" title=" RwUGPase"> RwUGPase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UDP-glucose" title=" UDP-glucose"> UDP-glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycosylation" title=" glycosylation"> glycosylation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192250/cloning-and-characterization-of-udp-glucose-pyrophosphorylases-from-lactobacillus-kefiranofaciens-and-rhodococcus-wratislaviensis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1374</span> Glucose Monitoring System Using Machine Learning Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangeeta%20Palekar">Sangeeta Palekar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neeraj%20Rangwani"> Neeraj Rangwani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akash%20Poddar"> Akash Poddar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayu%20Kalambe"> Jayu Kalambe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The bio-medical analysis is an indispensable procedure for identifying health-related diseases like diabetes. Monitoring the glucose level in our body regularly helps us identify hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, which can cause severe medical problems like nerve damage or kidney diseases. This paper presents a method for predicting the glucose concentration in blood samples using image processing and machine learning algorithms. The glucose solution is prepared by the glucose oxidase (GOD) and peroxidase (POD) method. An experimental database is generated based on the colorimetric technique. The image of the glucose solution is captured by the raspberry pi camera and analyzed using image processing by extracting the RGB, HSV, LUX color space values. Regression algorithms like multiple linear regression, decision tree, RandomForest, and XGBoost were used to predict the unknown glucose concentration. The multiple linear regression algorithm predicts the results with 97% accuracy. The image processing and machine learning-based approach reduce the hardware complexities of existing platforms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence%20glucose%20detection" title="artificial intelligence glucose detection">artificial intelligence glucose detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20oxidase" title=" glucose oxidase"> glucose oxidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxidase" title=" peroxidase"> peroxidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141022/glucose-monitoring-system-using-machine-learning-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1373</span> Causal Modeling of the Glucose-Insulin System in Type-I Diabetic Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Fernandez">J. Fernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Aguilar"> N. Aguilar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Fernandez%20de%20Canete"> R. Fernandez de Canete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Ramos-Diaz"> J. C. Ramos-Diaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a simulation model of the glucose-insulin system for a patient undergoing diabetes Type 1 is developed by using a causal modeling approach under system dynamics. The OpenModelica simulation environment has been employed to build the so called causal model, while the glucose-insulin model parameters were adjusted to fit recorded mean data of a diabetic patient database. Model results under different conditions of a three-meal glucose and exogenous insulin ingestion patterns have been obtained. This simulation model can be useful to evaluate glucose-insulin performance in several circumstances, including insulin infusion algorithms in open-loop and decision support systems in closed-loop. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causal%20modeling" title="causal modeling">causal modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose-insulin%20system" title=" glucose-insulin system"> glucose-insulin system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causal%20modeling" title=" causal modeling"> causal modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OpenModelica%20software" title=" OpenModelica software"> OpenModelica software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72880/causal-modeling-of-the-glucose-insulin-system-in-type-i-diabetic-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72880.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1372</span> Cloning and Characterization of Uridine-5’-Diphosphate -Glucose Pyrophosphorylases from Lactobacillus Kefiranofaciens and Rhodococcus Wratislaviensis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesfin%20Angaw%20Tesfay">Mesfin Angaw Tesfay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Uridine-5’-diphosphate (UDP)-glucose is one of the most versatile building blocks within the metabolism of prokaryotes and eukaryotes serving as an activated sugar donor during the glycosylation of natural products. It is formed by the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) using uridine-5′-triphosphate (UTP) and α-d-glucose 1-phosphate as a substrate. Herein two UGPase genes from Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens ZW3 (LkUGPase) and Rhodococcus wratislaviensis IFP 2016 (RwUGPase) were identified through genome mining approaches. The LkUGPase and RwUGPase have 299 and 306 amino acids, respectively. Both UGPase has the conserved UTP binding site (G-X-G-T-R-X-L-P) and the glucose -1-phosphate binding site (V-E-K-P). The LkUGPase and RwUGPase were cloned in E. coli and SDS-PAGE analysis showed the expression of both enzymes forming about 36 KDa of protein band after induction. LkUGPase and RwUGPase have an activity of 1549.95 and 671.53 U/mg respectively. Currently, their kinetic properties are under investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UGPase" title="UGPase">UGPase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LkUGPase" title=" LkUGPase"> LkUGPase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RwUGPase" title=" RwUGPase"> RwUGPase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UDP-glucose" title=" UDP-glucose"> UDP-glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glycosylation" title=" Glycosylation"> Glycosylation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192286/cloning-and-characterization-of-uridine-5-diphosphate-glucose-pyrophosphorylases-from-lactobacillus-kefiranofaciens-and-rhodococcus-wratislaviensis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1371</span> Bienzymatic Nanocomposites Biosensors Complexed with Gold Nanoparticles, Polyaniline, Recombinant MN Peroxidase from Corn, and Glucose Oxidase to Measure Glucose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anahita%20Izadyar">Anahita Izadyar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using a recombinant enzyme derived from corn and a simple modification, we are fabricating a facile, fast, and cost-beneficial novel biosensor to measure glucose. We are applying Plant Produced Mn Peroxidase (PPMP), glucose oxidase (GOx), polyaniline (PANI) as conductive polymer and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on Au electrode using electrochemical response to detect glucose. We applied the entrapment method of enzyme composition, which is generally used to immobilize conductive polymer and facilitate electron transfer from the enzyme oxidation-reduction center to the sample solution. In this work, the oxidation of glucose on the modified gold electrode was quantified with Linear Sweep Voltammetry(LSV). We expect that the modified biosensor has the potential for monitoring various biofluids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant-produced%20manganese%20peroxidase" title="plant-produced manganese peroxidase">plant-produced manganese peroxidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzyme-based%20biosensors" title=" enzyme-based biosensors"> enzyme-based biosensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title=" glucose"> glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20gold%20nanoparticles%20electrode" title=" modified gold nanoparticles electrode"> modified gold nanoparticles electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyaniline" title=" polyaniline"> polyaniline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141685/bienzymatic-nanocomposites-biosensors-complexed-with-gold-nanoparticles-polyaniline-recombinant-mn-peroxidase-from-corn-and-glucose-oxidase-to-measure-glucose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1370</span> Compensatory Increased Activities of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complexes from Eyes of Glucose-Immersed Zebrafish</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jisun%20Jun">Jisun Jun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun%20Ko"> Eun Ko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sooim%20Shin"> Sooim Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kitae%20Kim"> Kitae Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moonsung%20Choi"> Moonsung Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistant, mitochondrial dysfunction. Diabetes is associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy resulting in worsening vision and eventual blindness. In this study, eyes were enucleated from glucose-immersed zebrafish which is a good animal model to generate diabetes, and then mitochondria were isolated to evaluate activities of mitochondrial electron transfer complexes. Surprisingly, the amount of isolated mitochondria was increased in eyes from glucose-immersed zebrafish compared to those from non-glucose-immerged zebrafish. Spectrophotometric analysis for measuring activities of mitochondrial complex I, II, III, and IV revealed that mitochondria functions was even enhanced in eyes from glucose-immersed zebrafish. These results indicated that 3 days or 7 days glucose-immersion on zebrafish to induce diabetes might contribute metabolic compensatory mechanism to restore their mitochondrial homeostasis on the early stage of diabetes in eyes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title="diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20immersion" title=" glucose immersion"> glucose immersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitochondrial%20complexes" title=" mitochondrial complexes"> mitochondrial complexes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zebrafish" title=" zebrafish"> zebrafish</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77334/compensatory-increased-activities-of-mitochondrial-respiratory-chain-complexes-from-eyes-of-glucose-immersed-zebrafish" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1369</span> Evaluation of the Relation between Serum and Saliva Levels of Sodium and Glucose in Healthy Referred Patients to Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaneh%20Nazemi">Samaneh Nazemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayla%20Bahramian"> Ayla Bahramian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marzieh%20Aghazadeh"> Marzieh Aghazadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Saliva is a clear liquid composed of water, electrolytes, glucose, amylase, glycoproteins, and antimicrobial enzymes. The presence of a wide range of molecules and proteins in saliva has made this fluid valuable in screening for some diseases as well as epidemiological studies. Saliva is easier than serum to collect in large populations. Due to the importance of sodium and glucose levels in many biological processes, this study investigates the relationship between sodium and glucose levels in salivary and serum samples of healthy individuals referring to Tabriz Dental School. This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 40 healthy individuals referred to the Oral Diseases Department of Tabriz Dental School. Serum and saliva samples were taken from these patients according to standard protocols. Data were presented as mean (standard deviation) and frequency (percentage) for quantitative and qualitative variables. Pearson test, paired-samples T-test and SPSS 24 software were used to determine the correlation between serum and salivary levels of these biomarkers. In this study, P less than 0.05% is considered significant. Out of 40 participants in this study, 14 (35%) were male, and 26 (65%) were female. According to the results of this study, the mean salivary sodium (127.53 ml/dl) was lower than the mean serum sodium (141.2725 ml/dl). In contrast, the mean salivary glucose (4.55 ml/dl) was lower than the mean serum glucose (89.7575 ml/dl). The result of paired samples T-test (p-value<0.05) showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean of serum sodium and salivary sodium, as well as between the serum glucose and salivary glucose. Pearson correlation test results showed that there is no significant correlation between serum sodium and salivary sodium (p-value >0.05), but here is a positive correlation between serum glucose and salivary glucose (p-value<0.001). Both serum sodium and glucose were higher than salivary sodium and glucose.In conclusion, this study found that there was not a statistical relationship between salivary glucose and serum glucose and also salivary sodium and serum sodium of healthy individuals. Perhaps salivary samples can’t be used to measure glucose and sodium in these individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title="glucose">glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saliva" title=" saliva"> saliva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum" title=" serum"> serum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium" title=" sodium"> sodium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139414/evaluation-of-the-relation-between-serum-and-saliva-levels-of-sodium-and-glucose-in-healthy-referred-patients-to-tabriz-faculty-of-dentistry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139414.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1368</span> Photocatalytic Glucose Electrooxidation Applications of Titanium Dioxide Supported CD and CdTe Catalysts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilal%20%20Kivrak">Hilal Kivrak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aykut%20%C3%87a%C4%9FLar"> Aykut ÇağLar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahit%20Akta%C5%9F"> Nahit Aktaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Osman%20Solak"> Ali Osman Solak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At present, Cd/TiO₂ and CdTe/TiO₂ catalysts are prepared via sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction method. These catalysts are characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These Cd/TiO₂ and CdTe/TiO₂ are employed as catalysts for the photocatalytic oxidation of glucose. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements are used to investigate their glucose electrooxidation activities of catalysts at long and under UV illumination (ʎ=354 nm). CdTe/TiO₂ catalyst is showed the best photocatalytic glucose electrooxidation activity compared to Cd/TiO₂ catalyst. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title="cadmium">cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NaBH4%20reduction%20method" title=" NaBH4 reduction method"> NaBH4 reduction method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalytic%20glucose%20electrooxidation" title=" photocatalytic glucose electrooxidation"> photocatalytic glucose electrooxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tellerium" title=" Tellerium"> Tellerium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO2" title=" TiO2"> TiO2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124317/photocatalytic-glucose-electrooxidation-applications-of-titanium-dioxide-supported-cd-and-cdte-catalysts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1367</span> Blood Glucose Level Measurement from Breath Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayyab%20Hassan">Tayyab Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talha%20Rehman"> Talha Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qasim%20Abdul%20Aziz"> Qasim Abdul Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Salman"> Ahmad Salman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The constant monitoring of blood glucose level is necessary for maintaining health of patients and to alert medical specialists to take preemptive measures before the onset of any complication as a result of diabetes. The current clinical monitoring of blood glucose uses invasive methods repeatedly which are uncomfortable and may result in infections in diabetic patients. Several attempts have been made to develop non-invasive techniques for blood glucose measurement. In this regard, the existing methods are not reliable and are less accurate. Other approaches claiming high accuracy have not been tested on extended dataset, and thus, results are not statistically significant. It is a well-known fact that acetone concentration in breath has a direct relation with blood glucose level. In this paper, we have developed the first of its kind, reliable and high accuracy breath analyzer for non-invasive blood glucose measurement. The acetone concentration in breath was measured using MQ 138 sensor in the samples collected from local hospitals in Pakistan involving one hundred patients. The blood glucose levels of these patients are determined using conventional invasive clinical method. We propose a linear regression classifier that is trained to map breath acetone level to the collected blood glucose level achieving high accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20glucose%20level" title="blood glucose level">blood glucose level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breath%20acetone%20concentration" title=" breath acetone concentration"> breath acetone concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20regression" title=" linear regression"> linear regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96833/blood-glucose-level-measurement-from-breath-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1366</span> Effect of Nitrogen Management on Nitrogen Uptake, Dry Matter Production and Some Yield Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandana%20Tayefe">Mandana Tayefe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Amiri"> Ebrahim Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azin%20Nasrollah%20Zade"> Azin Nasrollah Zade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effect of nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels on nitrogen uptake, dry matter production, yield and some yield components of rice (Hashemi, Kazemi, Khazar) was investigated in an experiment as factorial in RCBD with 3 replications in a paddy light soil at Guilan province, Iran, 2008-2009. In this experiment, four treatments including: N1-control (no N fertilizer); N2- 30 kgN/ha; N3- 60 kgN/ha; N4- 90 kgN/ha were compared. Results showed that total biomass (8386 kg/ha), grain yield (3662 kg/ha), panicles m-2 (235.8) and total grain per panicle (103.8) were reached the highest value at high nitrogen level. Among the varieties the highest total biomass (7734 kg/ha), grain yield (3414 kg/ha) and total grain per panicle (78.2) belonged to Khazar. Dry matter, total N uptake was varied in different cultivars significantly and Khazar variety had the highest contents. Total biomass and total N uptake was varied significantly with the increasement of the amount of nitrogen applied. As total biomass and total N uptake increased with increasing in N fertilizing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title="rice">rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen" title=" nitrogen"> nitrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20uptake" title=" nitrogen uptake"> nitrogen uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20matter" title=" dry matter"> dry matter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27769/effect-of-nitrogen-management-on-nitrogen-uptake-dry-matter-production-and-some-yield-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1365</span> Antidiabetic Evaluation of Pig (Sus scrofa) Bile on Alloxan-Induced BALB/c Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Lyndon%20C.%20Lunnay">John Lyndon C. Lunnay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study discerns to evaluate the antidiabetic efficacy of pig bile on alloxan-induced BALB/c mice. The experimental animals were divided and selected using RCBD into 5 groups (n= 4): T1 (negative control), T2 (1ml/kg), T3 (2ml/kg), T4 (3ml/kg) and T5 (Glibenclamide). Hyperglycemia was induced by injecting 1% alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally. A glucose tolerance test was performed using a 2g/kg glucose solution, and blood glucose levels were measured at different time intervals. 14 days of monitoring was also done to ensure effectivity and efficacy of the different treatments. Bodyweight was also determined. Results show that administration of treatments on test animals significantly reverted the blood glucose levels of mice in 60 minutes and 120 minutes using an oral glucose tolerance test. After 14 days of monitoring, normal blood glucose levels were seen significantly on T2 (1ml/kg), T3 (2ml/kg), T4 (3ml/kg), and T5 (Glibenclamide), which only suggests the efficacy of pig bile on lowering glucose levels on alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Bodyweight analysis shows no significant difference. Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) shows comparable efficacy and effectivity between T4 (3ml/kg) and T5 (Glibenclamide) on lowering BGL at different day and time intervals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pig%20bile" title="pig bile">pig bile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BALB%2Fc%20mice" title=" BALB/c mice"> BALB/c mice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20glucose" title=" blood glucose"> blood glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gllibenclamide" title=" Gllibenclamide"> Gllibenclamide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129960/antidiabetic-evaluation-of-pig-sus-scrofa-bile-on-alloxan-induced-balbc-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1364</span> Effect of Nitrogen and Carbon Sources on Growth and Lipid Production from Mixotrophic Growth of Chlorella sp. KKU-S2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ratanaporn%20Leesing">Ratanaporn Leesing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thidarat%20Papone"> Thidarat Papone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutiyaporn%20Puangbut"> Mutiyaporn Puangbut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mixotrophic cultivation of the isolated freshwater microalgae Chlorella sp. KKU-S2 in batch shake flask for biomass and lipid productions, different concentration of glucose as carbon substrate, different nitrogen source and concentrations were investigated. Using 1.0g/L of NaNO3 as nitrogen source, the maximum biomass yield of 10.04g/L with biomass productivity of 1.673g/L d was obtained using 40g/L glucose, while a biomass of 7.09, 8.55 and 9.45g/L with biomass productivity of 1.182, 1.425 and 1.575g/L d were found at 20, 30 and 50g/L glucose, respectively. The maximum lipid yield of 3.99g/L with lipid productivity of 0.665g/L d was obtained when 40g/L glucose was used. Lipid yield of 1.50, 3.34 and 3.66g/L with lipid productivity of 0.250, 0.557 and 0.610g/L d were found when using the initial concentration of glucose at 20, 30 and 50g/L, respectively. Process product yield (YP/S) of 0.078, 0.119, 0.158 and 0.094 were observed when glucose concentration was 20, 30, 40 and 50 g/L, respectively. The results obtained from the study shows that mixotrophic culture of Chlorella sp. KKU-S2 is a desirable cultivation process for microbial lipid and biomass production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixotrophic%20cultivation" title="mixotrophic cultivation">mixotrophic cultivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalgal%20lipid" title=" microalgal lipid"> microalgal lipid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chlorella%20sp.%20KKU-S2" title=" Chlorella sp. KKU-S2"> Chlorella sp. KKU-S2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5171/effect-of-nitrogen-and-carbon-sources-on-growth-and-lipid-production-from-mixotrophic-growth-of-chlorella-sp-kku-s2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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