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title="Palm House – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Palm House" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D,_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பனை இல்லம், கியூ தோட்டம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பனை இல்லம், கியூ தோட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17528039#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens&params=51_28_45_N_00_17_34_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°28′45″N</span> <span class="longitude">00°17′34″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.47917°N 0.29278°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.47917; -0.29278</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Greenhouse in Kew Gardens</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kew_Gardens_Palm_House,_London_-_July_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Kew_Gardens_Palm_House%2C_London_-_July_2009.jpg/220px-Kew_Gardens_Palm_House%2C_London_-_July_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Kew_Gardens_Palm_House%2C_London_-_July_2009.jpg/330px-Kew_Gardens_Palm_House%2C_London_-_July_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Kew_Gardens_Palm_House%2C_London_-_July_2009.jpg/440px-Kew_Gardens_Palm_House%2C_London_-_July_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7499" data-file-height="4240" /></a><figcaption>The Palm House at <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="493" data-mwtitle="Baroness_Lola_Young_on_the_Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Baroness_Lola_Young_on_the_Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens.ogg"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Baroness_Lola_Young_on_the_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/Baroness_Lola_Young_on_the_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens.ogg/Baroness_Lola_Young_on_the_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>Audio description of the Palm House by <a href="/wiki/Lola_Young,_Baroness_Young_of_Hornsey" title="Lola Young, Baroness Young of Hornsey">Baroness Lola Young</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Palm House</b> is a large <a href="/wiki/Palm_house" title="Palm house">palm house</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>, in London, that specialises in growing <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palms</a> and other tropical and subtropical plants. It was completed in 1848. Many of its plants are endangered or extinct in the wild. Features include an upper walkway, taking the visitor into the branches of the larger plants. Kew also has the even larger "<a href="/wiki/Temperate_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate House">Temperate House</a>", kept at lower temperatures. </p><p>Initially built as status symbols in <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian Britain</a>, several examples of ornate glass and iron <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse" title="Greenhouse">greenhouses</a>, often but not always called "the Palm House", can still be found in <a href="/wiki/Botanical_garden" title="Botanical garden">botanical gardens</a> and parks such as <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Sefton_Park" title="Sefton Park">Sefton Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Park,_Liverpool" title="Stanley Park, Liverpool">Stanley Park</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in other countries. </p><p>The Palm House was the first greenhouse to be built on this scale.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also the first large-scale structural use of <a href="/wiki/Wrought_iron" title="Wrought iron">wrought iron</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bg_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens_(color_engraving).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Great_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens_%28color_engraving%29.png/250px-Great_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens_%28color_engraving%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Great_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens_%28color_engraving%29.png/330px-Great_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens_%28color_engraving%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Great_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens_%28color_engraving%29.png/500px-Great_Palm_House%2C_Kew_Gardens_%28color_engraving%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="829" /></a><figcaption>The Palm House in a coloured print of the 1850s by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Hosmer Shepherd">Thomas Hosmer Shepherd</a></figcaption></figure> <p>One of the earliest examples of a palm house is located in the <a href="/wiki/Belfast_Botanic_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Belfast Botanic Gardens">Belfast Botanic Gardens</a>. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lanyon" title="Charles Lanyon">Charles Lanyon</a>, the building was completed in 1840. It was constructed by the iron-maker <a href="/wiki/Richard_Turner_(iron-founder)" title="Richard Turner (iron-founder)">Richard Turner</a>, who would later build the Palm House at <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Kew</a>. <a href="/wiki/William_Jackson_Hooker" title="William Jackson Hooker">Sir William J. Hooker</a> was appointed Director of the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew in 1841. As part of his plan to improve its image, Sir William asked <a href="/wiki/Decimus_Burton" title="Decimus Burton">Decimus Burton</a> to draw up preliminary sketches of a new Palm House for review in 1844.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Decimus and Nicole Burton completed the design, although <a href="/wiki/Richard_Turner_(iron-founder)" title="Richard Turner (iron-founder)">Richard Turner</a> was primarily involved. It was built between 1844 and 1848.<sup id="cite_ref-bg_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After an interview with Sir William, Turner submitted his plans along with an estimate of the cost to the Board of Works. The <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Works_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Works (United Kingdom)">Board of Works</a>, in turn, asked Burton to review Turner's plans.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Burton initially disagreed with Turner's original plans, which adopted the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic style</a> he had used in his prior works. Burton preferred the <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical style</a> which informed the design of the Palm House. Burton did take notice of Turner's decisions over which plants should be planted where. Turner knew of greenhouses' "problems of heating, ventilation, and structural" issues.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palms_in_Palm_House_atrium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Palms_in_Palm_House_atrium.jpg/220px-Palms_in_Palm_House_atrium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Palms_in_Palm_House_atrium.jpg/330px-Palms_in_Palm_House_atrium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Palms_in_Palm_House_atrium.jpg/440px-Palms_in_Palm_House_atrium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5436" data-file-height="3444" /></a><figcaption>Interior, upper level</figcaption></figure> <p>According to some accounts, Turner sent his plan of the Palm House to the <i>Building News</i>. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Drew_(architect)" title="Thomas Drew (architect)">Thomas Drew</a> also wrote to the <i>Building News</i> claiming "to have an authoritative statement from Turner...”" He claimed that "the Palm House was not only erected by him but was solely his design, although varied out under the supervision of Mr. Decimus Burton".<sup id="cite_ref-:12_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maintenance">Maintenance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Maintenance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1881, according to the "Report on The Process and Condition of The Royal Gardens at Kew", the flowerbeds in front of the building were redone and gravel paths were removed. The flowers at the back of the Palm House and the low areas required modified drainage.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Record_Plant">Record Plant</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Record Plant"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Palm House is host to the oldest pot plant in the world (an <a href="/wiki/Encephalartos_altensteinii" title="Encephalartos altensteinii">Encephalartos altensteinii</a>) which was moved to the Palm House in 1848.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kew_Gardens_Palm_House" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kew Gardens Palm House">Kew Gardens Palm House</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kew.org/visit-kew-gardens/explore/attractions/palm-house-and-rose-garden">"Palm House and Rose Garden"</a>. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Palm+House+and+Rose+Garden&rft.pub=Royal+Botanic+Gardens%2C+Kew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kew.org%2Fvisit-kew-gardens%2Fexplore%2Fattractions%2Fpalm-house-and-rose-garden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APalm+House%2C+Kew+Gardens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kew.org/kew-gardens/whats-in-the-gardens/palm-house">"Palm House | Kew"</a>. <i>www.kew.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kew.org&rft.atitle=Palm+House+%7C+Kew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kew.org%2Fkew-gardens%2Fwhats-in-the-gardens%2Fpalm-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APalm+House%2C+Kew+Gardens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bg-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bg_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bg_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bundesgaerten.at/article/articleview/62787/1/17612">Das Grosse Palmenhaus im Schlosspark Schönbrunn</a> Vienna Federal Gardens. <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zimmer-palmen.de/">"Zimmerpalmen"</a> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161106062818/http://www.zimmer-palmen.de/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zimmerpalmen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zimmer-palmen.de%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APalm+House%2C+Kew+Gardens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waagner-biro.at/references//type/canopies/reference/palmenhaus-schoenbrunn-revitalisation/">Palmenhaus Schönbrunn – Revitalisation</a> Waagner-Biro.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDesmond1972" class="citation journal cs1">Desmond, R. G. C. (1972). "Who Designed the Palm House in Kew Gardens?". <i>Kew Bulletin</i>. <b>27</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">295–</span>303. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4109457">10.2307/4109457</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0075-5974">0075-5974</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4109457">4109457</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kew+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Who+Designed+the+Palm+House+in+Kew+Gardens%3F&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E295-%3C%2Fspan%3E303&rft.date=1972&rft.issn=0075-5974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4109457%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4109457&rft.aulast=Desmond&rft.aufirst=R.+G.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APalm+House%2C+Kew+Gardens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDiestelkamp1982" class="citation journal cs1">Diestelkamp, Edward J. (January 1982). "Richard Turner and the Palm House at Kew Gardens". <i>Transactions of the Newcomen Society</i>. <b>54</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>26. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1179%2Ftns.1982.001">10.1179/tns.1982.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0372-0187">0372-0187</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+Newcomen+Society&rft.atitle=Richard+Turner+and+the+Palm+House+at+Kew+Gardens&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E26&rft.date=1982-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1179%2Ftns.1982.001&rft.issn=0372-0187&rft.aulast=Diestelkamp&rft.aufirst=Edward+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APalm+House%2C+Kew+Gardens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHooker1881" class="citation journal cs1">Hooker, Jos. D. (1881). "REPORT ON THE PROGRESS AND CONDITION OF THE ROYAL GARDENS AT KEW, During the Year 1881". <i>Report on the Progress and Condition of the Royal Gardens at Kew</i>: <span class="nowrap">5–</span>67. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0269-4077">0269-4077</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43916525">43916525</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Report+on+the+Progress+and+Condition+of+the+Royal+Gardens+at+Kew&rft.atitle=REPORT+ON+THE+PROGRESS+AND+CONDITION+OF+THE+ROYAL+GARDENS+AT+KEW%2C+During+the+Year+1881&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5-%3C%2Fspan%3E67&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43916525%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0269-4077&rft.aulast=Hooker&rft.aufirst=Jos.+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APalm+House%2C+Kew+Gardens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/oldest-pot-plant-in-world-eastern-cape-giant-cycad">"Meet the oldest pot plant in the world | Kew"</a>. <i>www.kew.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Herbarium" title="Kew Herbarium">Kew Herbarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Palace" title="Kew Palace">Kew Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperate_House,_Kew_Gardens" title="Temperate House, Kew Gardens">Temperate House</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palm House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Pagoda,_Kew_Gardens" title="Great Pagoda, Kew Gardens">Great Pagoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Charlotte%27s_Cottage" title="Queen Charlotte's Cottage">Queen Charlotte's Cottage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directors_of_the_Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Directors of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Directors of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Botany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Index_Kewensis" title="Index Kewensis">Index Kewensis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">International Plant Names Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">The Plant List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Checklist_of_Selected_Plant_Families" title="World Checklist of Selected Plant Families">World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GrassBase" title="GrassBase">GrassBase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">World Flora Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Fungorum" title="Index Fungorum">Index Fungorum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Plant_Hunt" title="The Great Plant Hunt">The Great Plant Hunt</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kew_Bulletin" title="Kew Bulletin">Kew Bulletin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Constabulary" title="Kew Constabulary">Kew Constabulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story)" title="Kew Gardens (short story)">Kew Gardens (short story)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Rule" title="Kew Rule">Kew Rule</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Plants_3D" title="Kingdom of Plants 3D">Kingdom of Plants 3D</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Seed_Bank_Partnership" title="Millennium Seed Bank Partnership">Millennium Seed Bank Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Native_Seed_Hub" title="UK Native Seed Hub">UK Native Seed Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Beasts" title="The Queen's Beasts">The Queen's Beasts</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Curtis%27s_Botanical_Magazine" title="Curtis's Botanical Magazine">Curtis's Botanical Magazine</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens&params=51_28_45_N_00_17_34_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 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