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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.2 2014 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.3 2015 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.4 2017 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.5 2018 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.6 2019 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.7 2020 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.8 2021 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.9 2022 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2023" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.10 2023 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2024" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2024"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.11 2024 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2024-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acquisition_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisition_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Acquisition history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisition_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Operations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Operations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Headquarters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Headquarters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Headquarters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Headquarters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cambridge-Gothenburg_flights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cambridge-Gothenburg_flights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Cambridge-Gothenburg flights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cambridge-Gothenburg_flights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orphan_drugs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orphan_drugs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Orphan drugs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orphan_drugs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senior_management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senior_management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Senior management </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senior_management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lobbying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lobbying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Lobbying </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lobbying-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Lobbying subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Lobbying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Political_lobbying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_lobbying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Political lobbying </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_lobbying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Controversies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Following_2008_Sichuan_earthquake" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Following_2008_Sichuan_earthquake"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Following 2008 Sichuan earthquake </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Following_2008_Sichuan_earthquake-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seroquel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seroquel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Seroquel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seroquel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nexium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nexium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Nexium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nexium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bildman_fraud,_sexual_harassment_and_faithless_servant_clawback" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bildman_fraud,_sexual_harassment_and_faithless_servant_clawback"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Bildman fraud, sexual harassment and faithless servant clawback </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bildman_fraud,_sexual_harassment_and_faithless_servant_clawback-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CAFÉ_study" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CAFÉ_study"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 CAFÉ study </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CAFÉ_study-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transfer_mispricing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transfer_mispricing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Transfer mispricing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transfer_mispricing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflicting_commitments_to_the_UK_and_the_EU" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflicting_commitments_to_the_UK_and_the_EU"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.7 Conflicting commitments to the UK and the EU </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflicting_commitments_to_the_UK_and_the_EU-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China_comments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China_comments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.8 China comments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China_comments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chinese_Investigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chinese_Investigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.9 Chinese Investigation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chinese_Investigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">AstraZeneca</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" > 47 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="آسترازينيكا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آسترازينيكا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="آسترازنکا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آسترازنکا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="آسترازنکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آسترازنکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%A0%9C%EB%84%A4%EC%B9%B4" title="아스트라제네카 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아스트라제네카" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%94%D7%96%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="אסטרהזניקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסטרהזניקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2" title="ແອັດສຕຣາເຊເນກ້າ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແອັດສຕຣາເຊເນກ້າ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95" title="അസ്ട്രസെനെക്ക – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അസ്ട്രസെനെക്ക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="استرازينيكا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="استرازينيكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%82%AB" title="アストラゼネカ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アストラゼネカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca_plc" title="AstraZeneca plc – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="AstraZeneca plc" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astra_Zeneca" title="Astra Zeneca – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Astra Zeneca" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astra_Zeneca" title="Astra Zeneca – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Astra Zeneca" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="แอสตร้าเซนเนก้า – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอสตร้าเซนเนก้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="AstraZeneca" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%B7" title="阿斯利康 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿斯利康" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%B7" title="阿斯利康 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿斯利康" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">AstraZeneca plc</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:AstraZeneca.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/AstraZeneca.svg/220px-AstraZeneca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/AstraZeneca.svg/330px-AstraZeneca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/AstraZeneca.svg/440px-AstraZeneca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="188" data-file-height="48" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK.jpg/220px-AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK.jpg/330px-AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK.jpg/440px-AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">AstraZeneca Central Cambridge Campus</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_limited_company" title="Public limited company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">LSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/AZN//">AZN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/FTSE_100" class="mw-redirect" title="FTSE 100">FTSE 100</a> component</li><li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Nordic" title="Nasdaq Nordic">Nasdaq Stockholm</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasdaqomxnordic.com/shares/microsite?Instrument=SSE3524">AZN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/OMX_Stockholm_30" title="OMX Stockholm 30">OMX Stockholm 30</a> component</li><li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/azn">AZN</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_depository_shares" class="mw-redirect" title="American depository shares">ADR</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq-100" title="Nasdaq-100">Nasdaq-100</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number" title="International Securities Identification Number">ISIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="external text" href="https://isin.toolforge.org/?language=en&isin=GB0009895292">GB0009895292</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry" title="Pharmaceutical industry">Pharmaceutical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessors</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astra_AB" title="Astra AB">Astra AB</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Zeneca" title="Zeneca">Zeneca Group plc</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">6 April 1999; 25 years ago (1999-04-06)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Biomedical_Campus" title="Cambridge Biomedical Campus">Cambridge Biomedical Campus</a>, <div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Global</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Michel Demaré (<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">chairman</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Soriot" title="Pascal Soriot">Sir Pascal Soriot</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medication" title="Medication">Pharmaceutical drugs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine" title="Vaccine">vaccines</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>45.811 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$8.193  billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$5.961 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$101.119 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$39.166 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">89,900 (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexion_Pharmaceuticals" title="Alexion Pharmaceuticals">Alexion Pharmaceuticals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astrazeneca.com">astrazeneca.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> AstraZeneca plc (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˌæstrəˈzɛnəkə/</a>) (AZ) is a British-Swedish<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> multinational <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry" title="Pharmaceutical industry">pharmaceutical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a> company with its headquarters at the <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Biomedical_Campus" title="Cambridge Biomedical Campus">Cambridge Biomedical Campus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, England.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> It has a portfolio of products for major diseases in areas including <a href="/wiki/Oncology" title="Oncology">oncology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Circulatory_system" title="Circulatory system">cardiovascular</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gastroenterology" title="Gastroenterology">gastrointestinal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infectious_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Infectious disease">infection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">neuroscience</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pulmonology" title="Pulmonology">respiratory</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammation</a>. The company was founded in 1999 through the merger of the Swedish <a href="/wiki/Astra_AB" title="Astra AB">Astra AB</a> and the British <a href="/wiki/Zeneca" title="Zeneca">Zeneca Group</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> (itself formed by the demerger of the pharmaceutical operations of <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Chemical_Industries" title="Imperial Chemical Industries">Imperial Chemical Industries</a> in 1993). Since the merger it has been among the world's largest pharmaceutical companies and has made numerous corporate acquisitions, including <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Antibody_Technology" title="Cambridge Antibody Technology">Cambridge Antibody Technology</a> (in 2006), <a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a> (in 2007), Spirogen (in 2013) and <a href="/wiki/Definiens_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Definiens (company)">Definiens</a> (by MedImmune in 2014). It has its <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> concentrated in three strategic centres: Cambridge, England; <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a>, Sweden and <a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg,_Maryland" title="Gaithersburg, Maryland">Gaithersburg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, U.S.<a href="#cite_note-Fierce2013reorg-8">[8]</a> AstraZeneca traces its earliest corporate history to 1913, when Astra AB was formed by a large group of doctors and apothecaries in Södertälje. Throughout the twentieth century, it grew into the largest pharmaceutical company in Sweden. Its British counterpart, Zeneca PLC was formed in 1993 when ICI divested its pharmaceuticals businesses; Astra AB and Zeneca PLC merged six years later, with the chosen headquarters in the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> AstraZeneca's primary listing is on the <a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a> and is a constituent of the <a href="/wiki/FTSE_100_Index" title="FTSE 100 Index">FTSE 100 Index</a>; it also has a secondary listing on the <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Stockholm" title="Nasdaq Stockholm">Nasdaq Stockholm</a>. It is also listed on the American <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a> and is a <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq-100" title="Nasdaq-100">Nasdaq-100</a> company. AstraZeneca has one of the highest market capitalisations of pharmaceutical companies worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Astra_AB" title="Astra AB">Astra AB</a> was founded in 1913 in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6dert%C3%A4lje" title="Södertälje">Södertälje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, by 400 doctors and <a href="/wiki/Apothacary" class="mw-redirect" title="Apothacary">apothecaries</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> In 1993 the British chemicals company <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Chemical_Industries#History" title="Imperial Chemical Industries">ICI</a> (established from four British chemical companies) <a href="/wiki/Demerged" class="mw-redirect" title="Demerged">demerged</a> its <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceuticals" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceuticals">pharmaceuticals</a> businesses and its <a href="/wiki/Agrochemicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrochemicals">agrochemicals</a> and specialities businesses, to form <a href="/wiki/Zeneca" title="Zeneca">Zeneca Group PLC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-history-12">[12]</a> Finally, in 1999 Astra and Zeneca Group merged to form AstraZeneca plc, with its headquarters in London.<a href="#cite_note-history-12">[12]</a> In 1999, AstraZeneca identified a new location for the company's US base, the "Fairfax-plus" site in North <a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington</a>, Delaware.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000–2006">2000–2006</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 2000–2006">edit</a>]</div> In 2002, its drug <a href="/wiki/Gefitinib" title="Gefitinib">Iressa</a> (gefitinib) was approved in Japan as <a href="/wiki/Monotherapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotherapy">monotherapy</a> for <a href="/wiki/Non-small_cell_lung_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-small cell lung cancer">non-small cell lung cancer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> On 3 January 2004 Dr Robert Nolan, a former director of AstraZeneca, formed the management team of ZI Medical.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In 2005, the company acquired KuDOS Pharmaceuticals, a UK biotech company, for £120 million.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> and entered into an anti-cancer collaboration agreement with <a href="/wiki/Astex" class="mw-redirect" title="Astex">Astex</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> It also announced that it had become a Diamond Member of the Pennsylvania Bio commerce organisation.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> In 2006, following a collaborative relationship begun in 2004, AstraZeneca acquired <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Antibody_Technology" title="Cambridge Antibody Technology">Cambridge Antibody Technology</a> for £702 million.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007–2012:_The_patent_cliff_and_subsequent_acquisitions">2007–2012: The patent cliff and subsequent acquisitions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2007–2012: The patent cliff and subsequent acquisitions">edit</a>]</div> In February 2007, AstraZeneca agreed to buy Arrow Therapeutics, a company focused on the discovery and development of anti-viral therapies, for US$150 million.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> AstraZeneca's pipeline, and "patent cliff", was the subject of much speculation in April 2007 leading to pipeline-boosting collaboration and acquisition activities.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> A few days later AstraZeneca acquired US company <a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a> for about US$15.2 billion to gain flu vaccines and an anti-viral treatment for infants;<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> AstraZeneca subsequently consolidated all of its biologics operations into a dedicated biologics division called MedImmune.<a href="#cite_note-astrazeneca.com-23">[23]</a> In 2010, AstraZeneca acquired Novexel Corp, an antibiotics discovery company formed in 2004 as a spin-off of the Sanofi-Aventis anti-infectives division. Astra acquired the experimental antibiotic NXL-104 (CEF104) (CAZ-AVI) through this acquisition.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In 2011, AstraZeneca acquired Guangdong BeiKang Pharmaceutical Company, a Chinese generics business.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> In February 2012, AstraZeneca and Amgen announced a collaboration on treatments for inflammatory diseases.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Then in April 2012, AstraZeneca acquired Ardea Biosciences, another biotechnology company, for $1.26 billion.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In June 2012, AstraZeneca and <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Myers_Squibb" title="Bristol Myers Squibb">Bristol Myers Squibb</a> announced a two-stage deal for the joint acquisition of the biotechnology company <a href="/wiki/Amylin_Pharmaceuticals" title="Amylin Pharmaceuticals">Amylin Pharmaceuticals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-reut30612-30">[30]</a> It was agreed that Bristol Myers Squibb would acquire Amylin for $5.3 billion in cash and the assumption of $1.7 billion in debt, with AstraZeneca then paying $3.4 billion in cash to Bristol Myers Squibb, and Amylin being folded into an existing diabetes joint venture between AstraZeneca and Bristol Myers Squibb.<a href="#cite_note-reut30612-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013_restructuring_and_beyond">2013 restructuring and beyond</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2013 restructuring and beyond">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2013">2013</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2013">edit</a>]</div> In March 2013 AstraZeneca announced plans for a major corporate restructuring, including the closure of its research and development activities at <a href="/wiki/Alderley_Park" title="Alderley Park">Alderley Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cheshire" title="Cheshire">Cheshire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Loughborough" title="Loughborough">Loughborough</a> in the UK and at <a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a> in Sweden, investment of $500 million in the construction of a new research and development facility in Cambridge and the concentration of R&D in three locations: Cambridge, Gaithersburg, Maryland (location of MedImmune, where it will work on biotech drugs), and <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a> in Sweden, for research on traditional chemical drugs.<a href="#cite_note-Fierce2013reorg-8">[8]</a> AstraZeneca also announced that it would move its corporate headquarters from London to Cambridge in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> That announcement included the announcement that it would cut 1,600 jobs; three days later it announced it would cut an additional 2,300 jobs.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> It also announced that it would focus on three therapeutic areas: Respiratory Inflammation & Autoimmunity, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disease, and Oncology.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In October 2013, AstraZeneca announced it would acquire biotech oncology company Spirogen for around US$440 million.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2014">2014</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2014">edit</a>]</div> On 19 May 2014 AstraZeneca rejected a "final offer" from <a href="/wiki/Pfizer" title="Pfizer">Pfizer</a> of £55 per share, which valued the company at £69.4 billion (US$117 billion). The companies had been meeting since January 2014. If the takeover had proceeded, Pfizer would have become the world's biggest drug maker. The transaction would also have been the biggest foreign takeover of a British company. Many in Britain, including politicians and scientists, had opposed the deal.<a href="#cite_note-PfizerBid-37">[37]</a> In July 2014 the company entered into a deal with <a href="/wiki/Almirall" title="Almirall">Almirall</a> to acquire its subsidiary Almirall Sofotec and its lung treatments including the <a href="/wiki/COPD" class="mw-redirect" title="COPD">COPD</a> drug, Eklira. The US$2.1 billion deal included an allocation of US$1.2 billion for development in the respiratory franchise, one of AstraZeneca's three target therapeutic areas announced the year before. In August 2014 the company announced it had entered into a three-year collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Tanabe_Pharma" title="Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma">Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma</a> on <a href="/wiki/Diabetic_nephropathy" title="Diabetic nephropathy">diabetic nephropathy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AstraZenecaMTPC-38">[38]</a> In September 2014 the company would join forces with <a href="/wiki/Eli_Lilly_and_Company" title="Eli Lilly and Company">Eli Lilly</a> in developing and commercialising its candidate <a href="/wiki/BACE_inhibitor" class="mw-redirect" title="BACE inhibitor">BACE inhibitor</a> – AZD3292 – used for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease" title="Alzheimer's disease">Alzheimer's disease</a>. The deal could yield up to US$500 million for the company.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In November 2014 the company's <a href="/wiki/Biologics" class="mw-redirect" title="Biologics">biologics</a> R&D operation, MedImmune, agreed to acquire <a href="/wiki/Definiens_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Definiens (company)">Definiens</a> for more than US$150 million. The company also began a Phase I/II trial collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Pharmacyclics" title="Pharmacyclics">Pharmacyclics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Janssen_Biotech" class="mw-redirect" title="Janssen Biotech">Janssen Biotech</a> investigating combination treatments.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Also in November of the same year, the company agreed to sell its <a href="/wiki/Lipodystrophy" title="Lipodystrophy">lipodystrophy</a> treatment business to Aegerion Pharmaceuticals for more than US$325 million.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> In December, the company received <a href="/wiki/FDA_Fast_Track_Development_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="FDA Fast Track Development Program">accelerated</a> <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a> approval for <a href="/wiki/Olaparib" title="Olaparib">Olaparib</a> in the treatment of women with advanced <a href="/wiki/Ovarian_cancer" title="Ovarian cancer">ovarian cancer</a> who have a <a href="/wiki/BRCA_mutation" title="BRCA mutation">BRCA</a> genetic mutation. A major criterion governing the drugs approval was, on average, its ability to shrink tumours in patients for 7.9 months.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2015">2015</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2015">edit</a>]</div> In February 2015, the company announced it would acquire the US and Canadian rights to Actavis's branded respiratory drug business for an initial sum of US$600 million.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Later in the same month the company announced it would partner with Orca Pharmaceuticals to develop <a href="/wiki/Retinoic_acid" title="Retinoic acid">retinoic acid</a>-related orphan nuclear receptor gamma inhibitors for use in the treatment of a number of autoimmune diseases, which could generate up to US$122.5 million for Orca.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The company also announced its plan to spend US$40 million creating a new subsidiary focused on small molecule anti-infectives – primarily in the research of the <a href="/wiki/Gyrase" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyrase">gyrase</a> inhibitor, <a href="/wiki/AZD0914" class="mw-redirect" title="AZD0914">AZD0914</a>, which is currently in Phase II for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Gonorrhea" title="Gonorrhea">gonorrhea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> The company underwrote twenty out of thirty-two seats of a new Cambridge– Gothenburg service by <a href="/wiki/Sun-Air_of_Scandinavia" title="Sun-Air of Scandinavia">Sun-Air of Scandinavia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In mid-March the company announced it would co-commercialise <a href="/wiki/Naloxegol" title="Naloxegol">naloxegol</a> along with <a href="/wiki/Daiichi_Sankyo" title="Daiichi Sankyo">Daiichi Sankyo</a> in a deal worth up to US$825 million.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Towards the end of April the company announced a number of collaborations worth an estimated US$1.8 billion; first, to develop and commercialise MEDI4736, with <a href="/wiki/Celgene" title="Celgene">Celgene</a>, for use against <a href="/wiki/Non-Hodgkin%E2%80%99s_lymphoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma">non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myelodysplastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Myelodysplastic">myelodysplastic</a> syndromes, and <a href="/wiki/Multiple_myeloma" title="Multiple myeloma">multiple myeloma</a> with AstraZeneca receiving US$450 million. The second of two deals is an agreement to study a combination treatment of MEDI4736 and Innate Pharma's Phase II anti-NKG2A antibody <a href="/wiki/IPH2201" class="mw-redirect" title="IPH2201">IPH2201</a> for up to US$1.275 billion. The company's MedImmune arm also launched collaborative clinical trials with <a href="/wiki/Juno_Therapeutics" title="Juno Therapeutics">Juno Therapeutics</a>, investigating combination treatments for cancer.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The trials will assess combinations of MEDI4736 and one of Juno Therapeutics' CD19 directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell candidates.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In late June the company announced it has entered into a partnership agreement with Eolas Therapeutics on the Eolas Orexin-1 Receptor Antagonist (EORA) program for smoking cessation and other treatments.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> In July the company announced it would sell off its rights to Entocort (<a href="/wiki/Budesonide" title="Budesonide">budesonide</a>) to Tillotts Pharma for US$215 million.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In July 2015, <a href="/wiki/Genzyme" title="Genzyme">Genzyme</a> announced it would acquire the rare cancer drug Caprelsa (<a href="/wiki/Vandetanib" title="Vandetanib">vandetanib</a>) from AstraZeneca for up to US$300 million.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In August, the company announced it had acquired the global rights to develop and commercialise Heptares Therapeutics' drug candidate HTL-1071, which focuses on blocking the <a href="/wiki/Adenosine" title="Adenosine">adenosine</a> A2A receptor, in a deal worth up to US$510 million.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> In the same month the company's MedImmune subsidiary acquired exclusive rights to Inovio Pharmaceuticals' INO-3112 immunotherapy, currently in Phase I/II, under an agreement which could net more than US$727.5 million for Inovio. INO-3112 targets <a href="/wiki/Human_papillomavirus" class="mw-redirect" title="Human papillomavirus">Human papillomavirus</a> types 16 and 18.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In September, Valeant licensed <a href="/wiki/Brodalumab" title="Brodalumab">Brodalumab</a> from the company for up to US$445 million.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> On 6 November it was reported that AstraZeneca had acquired ZS Pharma for US$2.7 billion.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> In December the company announced its intention to acquire the respiratory portfolio of <a href="/wiki/Takeda_Pharmaceutical" class="mw-redirect" title="Takeda Pharmaceutical">Takeda Pharmaceutical</a> – namely <a href="/wiki/Alvesco" class="mw-redirect" title="Alvesco">Alvesco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Omnaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnaris">Omnaris</a> – for US$575 million<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> A day later, the company announced it had taken a 55% majority stake in Acerta for US$4 billion. As part of the transaction the company will gain commercial rights to Acerta's irreversible oral <a href="/wiki/Bruton%27s_tyrosine_kinase" title="Bruton's tyrosine kinase">Bruton's tyrosine kinase</a> inhibitor, <a href="/wiki/Acalabrutinib" title="Acalabrutinib">acalabrutinib</a> (ACP-196), which is currently in Phase III development for B-cell blood cancers and in Phase I or II clinical trials in solid tumours.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> In 2015, it was the eighth-largest drug company in the world based on sales revenue.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2017">2017</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2017">edit</a>]</div> In July 2017, the company's CEO <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Soriot" title="Pascal Soriot">Pascal Soriot</a> said that <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> would not affect its commitment to its current plans in the United Kingdom. However, it had slowed decision making for new investment projects waiting for a post-Brexit regulatory regime to settle down.<a href="#cite_note-brexit-61">[61]</a> In September 2017, the company's chairman <a href="/wiki/Leif_Johansson_(businessman)" title="Leif Johansson (businessman)">Leif Johansson</a> planned in taking the "first steps" in moving its research and manufacturing operations away from the United Kingdom, if there is a hard Brexit.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In 2017, it was the eleventh largest drug company in the world based on sales and ranked seventh based on R&D investment.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In January EVP Pam Cheng stated that AstraZeneca has ignited startup of duplicate QA testing facility in Sweden and has initiated hiring in Sweden.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2018">2018</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2018">edit</a>]</div> In February 2018, AstraZeneca announced it was spinning off six early-stage experimental drugs into a new biotechnology company, known as Viela Bio, valued at US$250 million.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> On 6 December 2018, AstraZeneca purchased nearly 8% of the American pharmaceutical business, <a href="/wiki/Moderna" title="Moderna">Moderna</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2019">2019</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2019">edit</a>]</div> In March 2019, AstraZeneca announced it will pay up to US$6.9 billion to work with Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd on an experimental treatment for breast cancer. AstraZeneca plans to use some of the proceeds of a US$3.5 billion share issue to fund the deal. The deal on the drug known as <a href="/wiki/Trastuzumab_deruxtecan" title="Trastuzumab deruxtecan">trastuzumab deruxtecan</a> sent shares in Japan's Daiichi soaring 16%.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In September 2019, the company announced that it would cease drug production at its German headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Wedel" title="Wedel">Wedel</a>, leading to the loss of 175 jobs by the end of 2021.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In October 2019, AstraZeneca announced it would sell the global commercial rights for its drug to treat acid reflux to German pharmaceutical company <a href="/wiki/Cheplapharm_Arzneimittel" title="Cheplapharm Arzneimittel">Cheplapharm Arzneimittel</a> GmbH for as much as US$276 million.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2020">2020</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2020">edit</a>]</div> In February 2020, AstraZeneca agreed to sublicense its global rights (except Europe, Canada and Israel) to the drug <a href="/wiki/Naloxegol" title="Naloxegol">Movantik</a>, to Redhill Biopharma.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> In June 2020, AstraZeneca made a preliminary approach to <a href="/wiki/Gilead_Sciences" title="Gilead Sciences">Gilead Sciences</a> about a potential merger, worth almost US$240 billion.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> However, these plans were subsequently dropped because it would have distracted the company from its own pipeline and ongoing <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> vaccine efforts.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> In July 2020, the business entered into its second collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Daiichi_Sankyo" title="Daiichi Sankyo">Daiichi Sankyo</a>, centred around the development of DS-1062, an antibody drug conjugate. The deal could potentially be worth up to US$6 billion for Daiichi.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In September 2020, AstraZeneca acquired the preclinical oral <a href="/wiki/PCSK9" title="PCSK9">PCSK9</a> inhibitor program from Dogma Therapeutics.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> On 27 December 2020, AstraZeneca CEO <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Soriot" title="Pascal Soriot">Pascal Soriot</a> said that they have “figured out the winning formula” with their two-dose system with the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a>’s <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">COVID-19 vaccine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> On 30 December 2020, the United Kingdom approved the emergency use of the <a href="/wiki/Oxford%E2%80%93AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine">Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2021">2021</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2021">edit</a>]</div> In July 2021, AstraZeneca acquired <a href="/wiki/Alexion_Pharmaceuticals" title="Alexion Pharmaceuticals">Alexion Pharmaceuticals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> In October 2021, the company, through Alexion, acquired Caelum Biosciences and its monoclonal treatment (CAEL-101) for light chain (AL) <a href="/wiki/Amyloidosis" title="Amyloidosis">amyloidosis</a> for up to $500 million.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2022">2022</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2022">edit</a>]</div> In July, the company announced it would acquire TeneoTwo for up to $1.3 billion, increasing its blood cancer drug offering.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> In October 2022 it was announced that the company would acquire LogicBio Therapeutics, which was active in clinical-stage <a href="/wiki/Genomics" title="Genomics">genomic medicine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> In November 2022, it was announced AstraZeneca had acquired the <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>-headquartered clinical-stage biotechnology company, Neogene Therapeutics.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2023">2023</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 2023">edit</a>]</div> In January, AstraZeneca announced it would acquire CinCor Pharma for $1.8 billion.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> In November 2023, AstraZeneca launched a new global health tech business, Evinova, that focused on provide global services to <a href="/wiki/Contract_research_organization" title="Contract research organization">CROs</a> and pharma companies to design, run and monitor clinical trials.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> In December 2023, AstraZeneca announced that it would acquire an RSV vaccine developer, Icosavax for $1.1 billion.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Later that month, AstraZeneca agreed to acquire clinical-stage biopharmaceutical developer of cell therapies for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases, Gracell Biotechnologies, in a deal valued at up to $1.2 billion.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Both the acquisitions were completed in February 2024.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2024">2024</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2024">edit</a>]</div> In March 2024, AstraZeneca announced it would acquire Amolyt Pharma for $1.05 billion in cash.<a href="#cite_note-:0-96">[96]</a> In March 2024, AstraZeneca announced it would acquire Fusion Pharmaceuticals Inc for $2 billion in cash.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> In July 2024, <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Health_and_Care_Excellence" title="National Institute for Health and Care Excellence">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence</a> (Nice) blocked the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a> (NHS) from providing <a href="/wiki/Enhertu" class="mw-redirect" title="Enhertu">Enhertu</a>, an innovative treatment for advanced HER2-low breast cancer, due to AstraZeneca and <a href="/wiki/Daiichi_Sankyo" title="Daiichi Sankyo">Daiichi Sankyo</a> not offering a low enough price. Nice's decision, the first rejection of a breast cancer treatment in six years, highlighted the financial challenges of funding complex medicines, with Enhertu costing £117,857 per treatment course. Despite approval by the Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency, Nice's non-recommendation meant the drug could only be available privately or under separate funding in Scotland. Clinical trials showed Enhertu extended patients' lives by five months compared to chemotherapy, but Nice and the companies could not agree on a new price.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acquisition_history">Acquisition history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Acquisition history">edit</a>]</div> The following is an illustration of the company's major mergers and acquisitions and historical predecessors:<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li>AstraZeneca <ul><li>AstraZeneca (Merged 1999) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astra_AB" title="Astra AB">Astra AB</a> (Founded 1913) <ul><li>Tika (Acq 1939)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeneca" title="Zeneca">Zeneca</a> (Spun off from <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Chemical_Industries" title="Imperial Chemical Industries">Imperial Chemical Industries</a>, 1993) <ul><li>Salick Health Care (Acq 1996)</li> <li>Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha (US fungicide operations, Acq 1997)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>KuDOS Pharmaceuticals (Acq 2005)</li> <li>MedImmune Biologics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Antibody_Technology" title="Cambridge Antibody Technology">Cambridge Antibody Technology</a> (Acq 2006) <ul><li>Aptein Inc (Acq 1998)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a> (Acq 2007) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Definiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Definiens">Definiens</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> (Acq 2014)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Arrow Therapeutics (Acq 2007)</li> <li>Novexel Corp (Acq 2010)</li> <li>Guangdong BeiKang Pharmaceutical Company (Acq 2011)</li> <li>Ardea Biosciences (Acq 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amylin_Pharmaceuticals" title="Amylin Pharmaceuticals">Amylin Pharmaceuticals</a> (Acq 2012 jointly with <a href="/wiki/Bristol-Myers_Squibb" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol-Myers Squibb">Bristol-Myers Squibb</a>)</li> <li>Spirogen (Acq 2013)</li> <li>Pearl Therapeutics<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> (Acq 2013)</li> <li>Omthera Pharmaceuticals<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> (Acq 2013)</li> <li>ZS Pharma (Acq 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexion_Pharmaceuticals" title="Alexion Pharmaceuticals">Alexion Pharmaceuticals</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-82">[82]</a> (Acq 2021) <ul><li>Proliferon Inc (Acq 2000, restructured into Alexion Antibody Technologies Inc)</li> <li>Enobia Pharma Corp (Acq 2011)</li> <li>Synageva BioPharma (Acq 2015)</li> <li>Wilson Therapeutics (Acq 2018)</li> <li>Syntimmune (Acq 2018)</li> <li>Achillion Pharmaceuticals (Acq 2019)</li> <li>Portola Pharmaceuticals (Acq 2020)</li> <li>Caelum Biosciences (Acq 2021)</li></ul></li> <li>TeneoTwo (Acq 2022)</li> <li>LogicBio Therapeutics (Acq 2022)</li> <li>Neogene Therapeutics (Acq 2022)</li> <li>CinCor Pharma (Acq 2023)</li> <li>Icosavax (Acq 2024)</li> <li>Gracell Biotechnologies (Acq 2024)</li> <li>Amolyt Pharma (Acq 2024)</li> <li>Fusion Pharmaceuticals Inc (Acq 2024)</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Operations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Astrahassleentrance.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Astrahassleentrance.JPG/220px-Astrahassleentrance.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Astrahassleentrance.JPG/330px-Astrahassleentrance.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Astrahassleentrance.JPG/440px-Astrahassleentrance.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The AstraZeneca R&D facility in <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK_under_construction_in_sunset.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK_under_construction_in_sunset.jpg/220px-AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK_under_construction_in_sunset.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK_under_construction_in_sunset.jpg/330px-AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK_under_construction_in_sunset.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK_under_construction_in_sunset.jpg/440px-AstraZeneca_HQ_in_Cambridge_UK_under_construction_in_sunset.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The new AstraZeneca Corporate HQ under construction in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, England</figcaption></figure> AstraZeneca develops, manufactures and sells pharmaceutical and biotechnology products to treat disorders in the <a href="/wiki/Oncology" title="Oncology">oncology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Circulatory_system" title="Circulatory system">cardiovascular</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gastroenterology" title="Gastroenterology">gastrointestinal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infectious_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Infectious disease">infection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">neuroscience</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pulmonology" title="Pulmonology">respiratory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammation</a> areas.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> AstraZeneca has its corporate headquarters in Cambridge, United Kingdom, and its main <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> (R&D) centres are in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a> (UK), <a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaithersburg">Gaithersburg</a> (Maryland, US), <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a> (Sweden) and <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> (Poland).<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Headquarters">Headquarters</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Headquarters">edit</a>]</div> AstraZeneca's global headquarters are located in the <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Biomedical_Campus" title="Cambridge Biomedical Campus">Cambridge Biomedical Campus</a> adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Addenbrooke%27s_Hospital" title="Addenbrooke's Hospital">Addenbrooke's Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. This facility, known as the Discovery Centre, was designed by Swiss architecture firm <a href="/wiki/Herzog_%26_de_Meuron" title="Herzog & de Meuron">Herzog & de Meuron</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> and officially opened by <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Prince Charles</a> on the 23 November 2021.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> The building is designed to accommodate over 2,200 scientists across 16 laboratories covering approximately 19,000 square meters. built at a cost of approximately £1 billion.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cambridge-Gothenburg_flights">Cambridge-Gothenburg flights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Cambridge-Gothenburg flights">edit</a>]</div> In 2015 AstraZeneca arranged for the establishment of a direct air route between <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_City_Airport" title="Cambridge City Airport">Cambridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6teborg_Landvetter_Airport" title="Göteborg Landvetter Airport">Gothenburg</a>, which began operation on March 2, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> The company reserved 20 of the 32 seats on each flight, with the remaining seats available to the public, which was operated <a href="/wiki/Sun-Air_of_Scandinavia" title="Sun-Air of Scandinavia">SUN-AIR</a> for <a href="/wiki/British_Airways" title="British Airways">British Airways</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The service connects AstraZeneca’s global headquarters in Cambridge with its research facility in Gothenburg.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> The service operated four days a week and was intended to support collaboration between staff in the two locations, allowing same-day travel for meetings. The route ended as a scheduled public service in 2016 due to insufficient demand,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> but these flights continue for AstraZeneca employees as of 2024.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orphan_drugs">Orphan drugs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Orphan drugs">edit</a>]</div> In April 2015, AstraZeneca's drug <a href="/wiki/Tremelimumab" title="Tremelimumab">tremelimumab</a> was approved as an <a href="/wiki/Orphan_drug" title="Orphan drug">orphan drug</a> for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Mesothelioma" title="Mesothelioma">mesothelioma</a> in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-mesothelioma-113">[113]</a> In February 2016, AstraZeneca announced that a <a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">clinical trial</a> of tremelimumab as a treatment for mesothelioma failed to meet its primary endpoint.<a href="#cite_note-tremelimumab-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senior_management">Senior management</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Senior management">edit</a>]</div> As of 2008, David Brennan was paid US$1,574,144 for his role as chief executive officer.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> On 26 April 2012, it was announced that Brennan was to retire in early June of that year.<a href="#cite_note-brennangoes-116">[116]</a> In August 2012, <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Soriot" title="Pascal Soriot">Pascal Soriot</a> was named CEO of AstraZeneca.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> It was also announced that <a href="/wiki/Leif_Johansson_(businessman)" title="Leif Johansson (businessman)">Leif Johansson</a> would succeed <a href="/wiki/Louis_Schweitzer_(businessman)" title="Louis Schweitzer (businessman)">Louis Schweitzer</a> as non-executive chairman on 1 June 2012, three months earlier than previously announced, and would become Chairman of the Nomination and Governance Committee after the 2012 Annual General Meeting.<a href="#cite_note-brennangoes-116">[116]</a> The company's non-executive Board directors are Philip Broadley, <a href="/wiki/Euan_Ashley" title="Euan Ashley">Euan Ashley</a>, Michel Demaré, Deborah DiSanzo, Diana Layfield, <a href="/wiki/Sheri_McCoy" title="Sheri McCoy">Sheri McCoy</a>, Tony Mok, Nazneen Rahman, Andreas Rummelt, and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Wallenberg_(born_1956)" title="Marcus Wallenberg (born 1956)">Marcus Wallenberg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lobbying">Lobbying</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Lobbying">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_lobbying">Political lobbying</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Political lobbying">edit</a>]</div> AstraZeneca is a member of the Personalized Medicine Coalition, a medical research advocacy group that lobbies on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry" title="Pharmaceutical industry">pharmaceutical industry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Following_2008_Sichuan_earthquake">Following 2008 Sichuan earthquake</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Following 2008 Sichuan earthquake">edit</a>]</div> AstraZeneca's reputation in China was tarnished following the failure of its Chinese subsidiary to timely donate to relief efforts following the <a href="/wiki/2008_Sichuan_earthquake" title="2008 Sichuan earthquake">2008 Sichuan earthquake</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:11-120">[120]</a>: 121  Typically, donations for disaster relief in China are made through funds established through the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Civil_Affairs" title="Ministry of Civil Affairs">Ministry of Civil Affairs</a> and its subordinate organization the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of China">Red Cross Society of China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:11-120">[120]</a>: 121  AstraZeneca had a corporate rule prohibiting foreign subsidiaries from making donations to local governments and the company construed this rule as prohibiting donations for Sichuan earthquake relief efforts.<a href="#cite_note-:11-120">[120]</a>: 121  AstraZeneca's Chinese subsidiary received major backlash for its failure to donate.<a href="#cite_note-:11-120">[120]</a>: 121  While corporate approval was ultimately given for the Chinese subsidiary to donate, the approval came after long delay.<a href="#cite_note-:11-120">[120]</a>: 121  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seroquel">Seroquel</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Seroquel">edit</a>]</div> In April 2010, AstraZeneca settled a <a href="/wiki/Qui_tam" title="Qui tam">qui tam</a> lawsuit brought by <a href="/wiki/Stefan_P._Kruszewski" title="Stefan P. Kruszewski">Stefan P. Kruszewski</a> for US$520 million to settle allegations that the company defrauded <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a>, and other government-funded health care programs in connection with its marketing and promotional practices for the blockbuster atypical antipsychotic, <a href="/wiki/Seroquel" class="mw-redirect" title="Seroquel">Seroquel</a>. According to the settlement agreement, AstraZeneca targeted its illegal marketing of the anti-psychotic Seroquel towards doctors who do not typically treat schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, such as physicians who treat the elderly, primary care physicians, pediatric and adolescent physicians, and in long-term care facilities and prisons.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> In March 2011, AstraZeneca settled a <a href="/wiki/Lawsuit" title="Lawsuit">lawsuit</a> in the United States totalling US$68.5 million to be divided up to 38 states.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nexium">Nexium</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Nexium">edit</a>]</div> The company's most commercially successful medication is <a href="/wiki/Esomeprazole" title="Esomeprazole">esomeprazole</a> (Nexium). The primary uses are treatment of <a href="/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease" title="Gastroesophageal reflux disease">gastroesophageal reflux disease</a>, treatment and maintenance of <a href="/wiki/Erosive_esophagitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Erosive esophagitis">erosive esophagitis</a>, treatment of <a href="/wiki/Duodenal_ulcers" class="mw-redirect" title="Duodenal ulcers">duodenal ulcers</a> caused by <a href="/wiki/Helicobacter_pylori" title="Helicobacter pylori">Helicobacter pylori</a>, prevention of <a href="/wiki/Gastric_ulcers" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastric ulcers">gastric ulcers</a> in those on chronic <a href="/wiki/NSAID" class="mw-redirect" title="NSAID">NSAID</a> therapy, and treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers associated with <a href="/wiki/Crohn%27s_disease" title="Crohn's disease">Crohn's disease</a>. When it is manufactured the result is a mixture of two <a href="/wiki/Enantiomer" title="Enantiomer">mirror-imaged molecules</a>, R and S. Two years before the omeprazole patent expired, AstraZeneca patented S-omeprazole in pure form, pointing out that since some people metabolise R-omeprazole slowly, pure S-omeprazole treatment would give higher dose efficiency and less variation between individuals.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> In March 2001, the company began to market <a href="/wiki/Esomeprazole" title="Esomeprazole">Nexium</a>, as it would a brand new drug.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> The (R)-enantiomer of omeprazole is metabolized exclusively by the enzyme CYP2C19, which is expressed in very low amounts by 3% of the population. Treated with a normal dose of the enantiomeric mixture, these persons will experience blood levels five-times higher than those with normal CYP2C19 production. In contrast, esomeprazole is metabolized by both CYP2C19 and CYP3A4, providing less-variable drug exposure.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> While omeprazole is approved only at doses of up to 20 mg for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux,<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> esomeprazole is approved for doses up to 40 mg.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> In 2007, <a href="/wiki/Marcia_Angell" title="Marcia Angell">Marcia Angell</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Editor_in_chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Editor in chief">editor-in-chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_England_Journal_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="New England Journal of Medicine">New England Journal of Medicine</a> and a lecturer in <a href="/wiki/Social_medicine" title="Social medicine">social medicine</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Medical_School" title="Harvard Medical School">Harvard Medical School</a>, said in <a href="/wiki/Stern_(magazine)" title="Stern (magazine)">Stern</a>, a German-language weekly newsmagazine, that AstraZeneca's scientists had misrepresented their research on the drug's efficiency, saying: "Instead of using presumably comparable doses [of each drug], the company's scientists used Nexium in higher dosages. They compared 20 and 40 mg Nexium with 20 mg <a href="/wiki/Prilosec" class="mw-redirect" title="Prilosec">Prilosec</a>. With the cards having been marked in that way, Nexium looked like an improvement – which however was only small and shown in only two of the three studies."<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bildman_fraud,_sexual_harassment_and_faithless_servant_clawback">Bildman fraud, sexual harassment and faithless servant clawback</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Bildman fraud, sexual harassment and faithless servant clawback">edit</a>]</div> On 4 February 1998, Astra USA sued Lars Bildman, its former president and chief executive officer, seeking US$15 million for <a href="/wiki/Fraud" title="Fraud">defrauding</a> the company.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> The sum included US$2.3 million in company funds he allegedly used to fix up three of his homes, plus money the company paid as the result of the EEOC investigation. Astra's lawsuit alleged Bildman sexually harassed and intimidated employees, used company funds for <a href="/wiki/Yacht" title="Yacht">yachts</a> and sex workers, destroyed <a href="/wiki/Document" title="Document">documents</a> and <a href="/wiki/Business_record" title="Business record">records</a>, and concocted: "tales of <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_(crime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspiracy (crime)">conspiracy</a> involving ex-<a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a> <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">agents</a> and competitors. This was in a last-ditch effort to distract attention from the real wrongdoer, Bildman himself." Bildman had already <a href="/wiki/Pleaded_guilty" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleaded guilty">pleaded guilty</a> in <a href="/wiki/US_District_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="US District Court">US District Court</a> for failing to report more than US$1 million in income on his <a href="/wiki/Tax_return_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax return (United States)">tax returns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-guiltyplea-130">[130]</a> In addition, several female co-workers filed personal sexual-harassment lawsuits against Bildman.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> In April 1998, Bildman was sentenced to 21 months in prison three months after he pled guilty to filing false Federal tax returns.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-guiltyplea-130">[130]</a> In February 1998, AstraZenaca's U.S. affiliate Astra U.S.A. agreed to a $10 million settlement after an Equal Employment Opportunity Commission investigation which started in May 1996 found that sexual harassment against female employees.<a href="#cite_note-sexualharrasment-133">[133]</a> 120 former female employees of Astra were interviewed during the inquiry, with about 80 of them being identified as able to file claims.<a href="#cite_note-sexualharrasment-133">[133]</a> Astra U.S.A. also issued a statement of apology for the hostile work environment.<a href="#cite_note-sexualharrasment-133">[133]</a> In Astra USA v. Bildman, 914 N.E.2d 36 (Mass. 2009), applying New York's <a href="/wiki/Faithless_servant" title="Faithless servant">faithless servant</a> doctrine, the court held that a company's employee who had engaged in financial misdeeds and sexual harassment must "forfeit all of his salary and bonuses for the period of disloyalty".<a href="#cite_note-auto6-134">[134]</a> The court held that this was the case even if the employee "otherwise performed valuable services", and that the employee was not entitled to recover restitution for the value of those other services.<a href="#cite_note-auto6-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> The decision attracted a good deal of attention by legal commentators.<a href="#cite_note-auto9-136">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CAFÉ_study">CAFÉ study</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: CAFÉ study">edit</a>]</div> In 2004, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a> research participant Dan Markingson <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Dan_Markingson" title="Death of Dan Markingson">took his own life</a> while enrolled in an industry-sponsored pharmaceutical trial comparing three FDA-approved atypical antipsychotics: <a href="/wiki/Quetiapine" title="Quetiapine">Seroquel (quetiapine)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olanzapine" title="Olanzapine">Zyprexa (olanzapine)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Risperidone" title="Risperidone">Risperdal (risperidone)</a>. University of Minnesota Professor of Bioethics <a href="/wiki/Carl_Elliott_(philosopher)" title="Carl Elliott (philosopher)">Carl Elliott</a> noted that Markingson was enrolled in the study against the wishes of his mother, Mary Weiss, and that he was forced to choose between enrolling in the study or being involuntarily committed to a state mental institution.<a href="#cite_note-mj-137">[137]</a> A 2005 FDA investigation cleared the university. Nonetheless, controversy around the case has continued. A <a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones_(magazine)" title="Mother Jones (magazine)">Mother Jones</a> article<a href="#cite_note-mj-137">[137]</a> resulted in a group of university faculty members sending a public letter to the university Board of Regents urging an external investigation into Markingson's death.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transfer_mispricing">Transfer mispricing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Transfer mispricing">edit</a>]</div> In 2010, AstraZeneca agreed to pay £505 million to settle a UK tax dispute related to <a href="/wiki/Transfer_mispricing" title="Transfer mispricing">transfer mispricing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflicting_commitments_to_the_UK_and_the_EU">Conflicting commitments to the UK and the EU</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Conflicting commitments to the UK and the EU">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgique_-_Bruxelles_-_Schuman_-_Berlaymont_-_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Belgique_-_Bruxelles_-_Schuman_-_Berlaymont_-_01.jpg/220px-Belgique_-_Bruxelles_-_Schuman_-_Berlaymont_-_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Belgique_-_Bruxelles_-_Schuman_-_Berlaymont_-_01.jpg/330px-Belgique_-_Bruxelles_-_Schuman_-_Berlaymont_-_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Belgique_-_Bruxelles_-_Schuman_-_Berlaymont_-_01.jpg/440px-Belgique_-_Bruxelles_-_Schuman_-_Berlaymont_-_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5180" data-file-height="2894" /></a><figcaption>Seat of the European Commission, which negotiated a contract with AstraZeneca</figcaption></figure> In August 2020 AstraZeneca declared towards the European Commission and the EU member states: <dl><dd>"13.1. AstraZeneca represents, warrants and covenants to the Commission and the Participating Member States that: [...] (e) it is not under any obligation, contractual or otherwise, to any Person or third party in respect of the Initial Europe Doses or that conflicts with or is inconsistent in any material respect with the terms of this Agreement or would impede the complete fulfilment of its obligation under this Agreement;"<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a></dd></dl> However, the UK <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Health_and_Social_Care" title="Secretary of State for Health and Social Care">Secretary of State for Health and Social Care</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matt_Hancock" title="Matt Hancock">Matt Hancock</a>, declared in March 2021 that the United Kingdom had been given "exclusivity" and that the EU's treaty was "inferior".<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> After placing the order for AstraZeneca's vaccine, the European Commission mistakenly assumed that it had enough vaccines and initially ordered only 200 million doses from Pfizer–BioNTech when the manufacturers offered 500 million doses to the EU in November 2020.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> However, the contract that AstraZeneca reached with the UK was very similar to that it reached with the EU, and it also contained the phrase "best reasonable efforts"; the UK contract was signed on 28 August 2020, a day after the contract with the EU.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> The key difference seems to be that AstraZeneca entered into a preliminary agreement with the U.K. back in May 2020 which arranged for "the development of a dedicated supply chain for the U.K."<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> The failure to produce the vaccine in the anticipated quantities contributed to the low vaccination rates of vulnerable populations of the European Union at the beginning of the outbreak of more virulent variants of <a href="/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2">SARS-CoV-2</a> in early 2021.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China_comments">China comments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: China comments">edit</a>]</div> In May 2023, AstraZeneca's China president said that the company aims to be a "patriotic" company in China that "loves the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Communist Party</a>."<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chinese_Investigation">Chinese Investigation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Chinese Investigation">edit</a>]</div> On 30 October, Astrazeneca revealed that its China President, Leon Wang, was under investigation by Chinese authorities. It is understood he has now been detained.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> The China business is now being run by Michael Lai, the general manager.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> In November 2024, it was announced that Chinese officials have now widened their investigation under a national anti-corruption campaign targeting healthcare. Among the allegations, former Astrazeneca employees are accused of falsifying genetic tests to secure reimbursement for the company’s lung cancer drug, Tagrisso.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> Several current and former company executives are also being investigated for potentially breaching data privacy laws and for the suspected illegal importation of certain cancer drugs – likely including Enhertu, Imfinzi and Imjudo – from Hong Kong.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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.reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=AstraZeneca&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="AstraZeneca" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AstraZeneca" title="Template:AstraZeneca"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AstraZeneca" title="Template talk:AstraZeneca"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AstraZeneca" title="Special:EditPage/Template:AstraZeneca"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="AstraZeneca" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AstraZeneca</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acalabrutinib" title="Acalabrutinib">Acalabrutinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastrozole" title="Anastrozole">Anastrozole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andexanet_alfa" title="Andexanet alfa">Andexanet alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anifrolumab" title="Anifrolumab">Anifrolumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asfotase_alfa" title="Asfotase alfa">Asfotase alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atenolol" title="Atenolol">Atenolol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benralizumab" title="Benralizumab">Benralizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicalutamide" title="Bicalutamide">Bicalutamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brompheniramine" title="Brompheniramine">Brompheniramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budesonide" title="Budesonide">Budesonide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budesonide/formoterol" title="Budesonide/formoterol">Budesonide/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budesonide/glycopyrronium_bromide/formoterol" title="Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol">Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candesartan" title="Candesartan">Candesartan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapagliflozin" title="Dapagliflozin">Dapagliflozin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disufenton_sodium" title="Disufenton sodium">Disufenton sodium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durvalumab" title="Durvalumab">Durvalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eculizumab" title="Eculizumab">Eculizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esomeprazole" title="Esomeprazole">Esomeprazole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exenatide" title="Exenatide">Exenatide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_attenuated_influenza_vaccine" title="Live attenuated influenza vaccine">FluMist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulvestrant" title="Fulvestrant">Fulvestrant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gefitinib" title="Gefitinib">Gefitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycopyrronium_bromide/formoterol" title="Glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol">Glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goserelin" title="Goserelin">Goserelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isosorbide_mononitrate" title="Isosorbide mononitrate">Isosorbide mononitrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metoprolol" title="Metoprolol">Metoprolol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motavizumab" title="Motavizumab">Motavizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaparib" title="Olaparib">Olaparib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omeprazole" title="Omeprazole">Omeprazole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osimertinib" title="Osimertinib">Osimertinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palivizumab" title="Palivizumab">Palivizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propofol" title="Propofol">Propofol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quetiapine" title="Quetiapine">Quetiapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravulizumab" title="Ravulizumab">Ravulizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roflumilast" title="Roflumilast">Roflumilast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosuvastatin" title="Rosuvastatin">Rosuvastatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxadustat" title="Roxadustat">Roxadustat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salbutamol/budesonide" title="Salbutamol/budesonide">Salbutamol/budesonide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savolitinib" title="Savolitinib">Savolitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxagliptin" title="Saxagliptin">Saxagliptin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebelipase_alfa" title="Sebelipase alfa">Sebelipase alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selumetinib" title="Selumetinib">Selumetinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_zirconium_cyclosilicate" title="Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate">Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamoxifen" title="Tamoxifen">Tamoxifen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticagrelor" title="Ticagrelor">Ticagrelor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tixagevimab/cilgavimab" title="Tixagevimab/cilgavimab">Tixagevimab/cilgavimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trastuzumab_deruxtecan" title="Trastuzumab deruxtecan">Trastuzumab deruxtecan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandetanib" title="Vandetanib">Vandetanib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford%E2%80%93AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine">Vaxzevria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ximelagatran" title="Ximelagatran">Ximelagatran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafirlukast" title="Zafirlukast">Zafirlukast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zolmitriptan" title="Zolmitriptan">Zolmitriptan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors and acquired companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astra_AB" title="Astra AB">Astra AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexion_Pharmaceuticals" title="Alexion Pharmaceuticals">Alexion Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Antibody_Technology" title="Cambridge Antibody Technology">Cambridge Antibody Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeneca" title="Zeneca">Zeneca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McKillop" title="Tom McKillop">Tom McKillop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Schweitzer_(CEO)" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Schweitzer (CEO)">Louis Schweitzer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:AstraZeneca" title="Category:AstraZeneca">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:AstraZeneca" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:AstraZeneca">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Pharmaceutical industry in the United Kingdom">Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Manufacturing in the United Kingdom">Manufacturing in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">Economy of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharmaceutical_manufacturers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of pharmaceutical manufacturers in the United Kingdom">Companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AAH_Pharmaceuticals" title="AAH Pharmaceuticals">AAH Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Boots" title="Alliance Boots">Alliance Boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astex" class="mw-redirect" title="Astex">Astex</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AstraZeneca</a> (<a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTG_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="BTG (company)">BTG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclacel" title="Cyclacel">Cyclacel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechra_Pharmaceuticals" title="Dechra Pharmaceuticals">Dechra Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_HealthCare" title="GE HealthCare">GE HealthCare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genus_plc" title="Genus plc">Genus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikma_Pharmaceuticals" title="Hikma Pharmaceuticals">Hikma Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indivior" title="Indivior">Indivior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IXICO" title="IXICO">IXICO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacFarlan_Smith" title="MacFarlan Smith">MacFarlan Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundipharma" title="Mundipharma">Mundipharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbrook_Group" title="Norbrook Group">Norbrook Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Biomedica" title="Oxford Biomedica">Oxford Biomedica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfizer_UK" title="Pfizer UK">Pfizer UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upsher-Smith_Laboratories" title="Upsher-Smith Laboratories">Proximagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silence_Therapeutics" title="Silence Therapeutics">Silence Therapeutics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBS_GB" title="TBS GB">TBS GB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vectura" title="Vectura">Vectura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernalis_plc" title="Vernalis plc">Vernalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViiV_Healthcare" title="ViiV Healthcare">ViiV Healthcare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_%26_Hanburys" title="Allen & Hanburys">Allen & Hanburys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amersham_plc" title="Amersham plc">Amersham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Antibody_Technology" title="Cambridge Antibody Technology">Cambridge Antibody Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celltech" title="Celltech">Celltech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiroscience" title="Chiroscience">Chiroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Distillers_Company" title="The Distillers Company">The Distillers Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisons" title="Fisons">Fisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc">Glaxo Wellcome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Chemical_Industries" title="Imperial Chemical Industries">ICI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IXICO#Phytopharm" title="IXICO">Phytopharm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliant_Pharmaceuticals" title="Reliant Pharmaceuticals">Reliant Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renovo_plc" title="Renovo plc">Renovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shire_(pharmaceutical_company)" title="Shire (pharmaceutical company)">Shire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unipath" title="Unipath">Unipath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeneca" title="Zeneca">Zeneca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government and regulatory bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Human_Medicines" title="Commission on Human Medicines">Commission on Human Medicines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Social_Care" title="Department of Health and Social Care">Department of Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Directorate_for_the_Quality_of_Medicines_%26_HealthCare" title="European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare">European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicines_and_Healthcare_products_Regulatory_Agency" title="Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency">Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Collaborating_Centre_for_Mental_Health" title="National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health">National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_Price_Regulation_Scheme" title="Pharmaceutical Price Regulation Scheme">Pharmaceutical Price Regulation Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_Society_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Pharmaceutical Society of Northern Ireland">Pharmaceutical Society of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Pharmaceutical_Council" title="General Pharmaceutical Council">General Pharmaceutical Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_Improvement_Scotland#Scottish_Medicines_Consortium" title="Healthcare Improvement Scotland">Scottish Medicines Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterinary_Medicines_Directorate" title="Veterinary Medicines Directorate">Veterinary Medicines Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry and professional bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_the_British_Pharmaceutical_Industry" title="Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry">Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_Industries_Association" title="Chemical Industries Association">Chemical Industries Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Federation_of_Biotechnology" title="European Federation of Biotechnology">European Federation of Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Federation_of_Pharmaceutical_Industries_and_Associations" title="European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations">European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Pharmaceutical_Medicine" title="Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine">Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmacists%27_Defence_Association" title="Pharmacists' Defence Association">Pharmacists' Defence Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Pharmaceutical_Society_of_Great_Britain" title="Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain">Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Society_of_Apothecaries" title="Worshipful Society of Apothecaries">Worshipful Society of Apothecaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books and journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandolier_(journal)" title="Bandolier (journal)">Bandolier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Pharma" title="Bad Pharma">Bad Pharma</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Formulary" title="British National Formulary">British National Formulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Formulary_for_Children" title="British National Formulary for Children">British National Formulary for Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Pharmaceutical_Codex" title="British Pharmaceutical Codex">British Pharmaceutical Codex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Pharmacy_and_Pharmacology" title="Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology">Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monthly_Index_of_Medical_Specialities" title="Monthly Index of Medical Specialities">Monthly Index of Medical Specialities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_Effects_(Bass_book)" title="Side Effects (Bass book)">Side Effects</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pharmaceutical_Journal" title="The Pharmaceutical Journal">The Pharmaceutical Journal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Approved_Name" title="British Approved Name">British Approved Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Pharmacopoeia" title="British Pharmacopoeia">British Pharmacopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DrugScope" title="DrugScope">DrugScope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_and_Developing_Countries_Clinical_Trials_Partnership" title="European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership">European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Pharmacopoeia" title="European Pharmacopoeia">European Pharmacopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharmaceutical_companies" title="List of pharmaceutical companies">List of world's largest pharmaceutical companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_Services_Negotiating_Committee" title="Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee">Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Trust" title="Wellcome Trust">Wellcome Trust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Pharmaceutical_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Pharmaceutical industry in the United Kingdom">category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_FTSE_100_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom_→_FTSE_250" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FTSE_100_Index_constituents" title="Template:FTSE 100 Index constituents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FTSE_100_Index_constituents" title="Template talk:FTSE 100 Index constituents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FTSE_100_Index_constituents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FTSE 100 Index constituents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_FTSE_100_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom_→_FTSE_250" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/FTSE_100_Index" title="FTSE 100 Index">FTSE 100</a> companies of the United Kingdom   → <a href="/wiki/FTSE_250_Index" title="FTSE 250 Index">FTSE 250</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3i" title="3i">3i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Group" title="Admiral Group">Admiral Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airtel_Africa" title="Airtel Africa">Airtel Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo_American_plc" title="Anglo American plc">Anglo American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antofagasta_plc" title="Antofagasta plc">Antofagasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtead_Group" title="Ashtead Group">Ashtead Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated_British_Foods" title="Associated British Foods">Associated British Foods</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_Trader_Group" title="Auto Trader Group">Auto Trader Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%26M" title="B&M">B&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barclays" title="Barclays">Barclays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barratt_Redrow" title="Barratt Redrow">Barratt Redrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beazley_plc" title="Beazley plc">Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Group_Holdings" title="Berkeley Group Holdings">Berkeley Group Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_American_Tobacco" title="British American Tobacco">British American Tobacco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Land" title="British Land">British Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BT_Group" title="BT Group">BT Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunzl" title="Bunzl">Bunzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrica" title="Centrica">Centrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Hellenic_Bottling_Company" title="Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company">Coca-Cola HBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_Group" title="Compass Group">Compass Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convatec" title="Convatec">Convatec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croda_International" title="Croda International">Croda International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DCC_plc" title="DCC plc">DCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diageo" title="Diageo">Diageo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diploma_plc" title="Diploma plc">Diploma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EasyJet" title="EasyJet">EasyJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endeavour_Mining" title="Endeavour Mining">Endeavour Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entain" title="Entain">Entain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experian" title="Experian">Experian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_%26_C_Investment_Trust" title="F & C Investment Trust">F & C Investment Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frasers_Group" title="Frasers Group">Frasers Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresnillo_plc" title="Fresnillo plc">Fresnillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glencore" title="Glencore">Glencore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haleon" title="Haleon">Haleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halma_plc" title="Halma plc">Halma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hargreaves_Lansdown" title="Hargreaves Lansdown">Hargreaves Lansdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikma_Pharmaceuticals" title="Hikma Pharmaceuticals">Hikma Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiscox" title="Hiscox">Hiscox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howdens_Joinery" title="Howdens Joinery">Howdens Joinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC">HSBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IHG_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="IHG Hotels & Resorts">IHG Hotels & Resorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMI_plc" title="IMI plc">IMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Brands" title="Imperial Brands">Imperial Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informa" title="Informa">Informa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_Capital_Group" title="Intermediate Capital Group">Intermediate Capital Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Airlines_Group" title="International Airlines Group">International Airlines Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intertek" title="Intertek">Intertek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Sports" title="JD Sports">JD Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingfisher_plc" title="Kingfisher plc">Kingfisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landsec" title="Landsec">Land Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_%26_General" title="Legal & General">Legal & General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyds_Banking_Group" title="Lloyds Banking Group">Lloyds Banking Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LondonMetric_Property" title="LondonMetric Property">LondonMetric Property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_Group" title="London Stock Exchange Group">London Stock Exchange Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%26G" title="M&G">M&G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer" title="Marks & Spencer">Marks & Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose_Industries" title="Melrose Industries">Melrose Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondi" title="Mondi">Mondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Grid_plc" title="National Grid plc">National Grid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NatWest_Group" title="NatWest Group">NatWest Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_plc" title="Next plc">Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square_Holdings" title="Pershing Square Holdings">Pershing Square Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persimmon_plc" title="Persimmon plc">Persimmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Group" title="Phoenix Group">Phoenix Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudential_plc" title="Prudential plc">Prudential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reckitt" title="Reckitt">Reckitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RELX" title="RELX">RELX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rentokil_Initial" title="Rentokil Initial">Rentokil Initial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rightmove" title="Rightmove">Rightmove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Tinto_(corporation)" title="Rio Tinto (corporation)">Rio Tinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings">Rolls-Royce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sage_Group" title="Sage Group">Sage Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">J Sainsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schroders" title="Schroders">Schroders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Mortgage_Investment_Trust" title="Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust">Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segro" title="Segro">Segro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severn_Trent" title="Severn Trent">Severn Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DS_Smith" title="DS Smith">DS Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_%26_Nephew" title="Smith & Nephew">Smith & Nephew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smiths_Group" title="Smiths Group">Smiths Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirax_Group" title="Spirax Group">Spirax Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSE_plc" title="SSE plc">SSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chartered" title="Standard Chartered">Standard Chartered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Wimpey" title="Taylor Wimpey">Taylor Wimpey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever">Unilever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Utilities" title="United Utilities">United Utilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unite_Students" title="Unite Students">Unite Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistry_Group" title="Vistry Group">Vistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodafone" title="Vodafone">Vodafone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weir_Group" title="Weir Group">Weir Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitbread" title="Whitbread">Whitbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPP_plc" title="WPP plc">WPP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_OMX_Stockholm_30_companies_of_Sweden" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:OMX_Stockholm_30_companies" title="Template:OMX Stockholm 30 companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:OMX_Stockholm_30_companies" title="Template talk:OMX Stockholm 30 companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:OMX_Stockholm_30_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:OMX Stockholm 30 companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_OMX_Stockholm_30_companies_of_Sweden" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/OMX_Stockholm_30" title="OMX Stockholm 30">OMX Stockholm 30</a> companies of <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABB" title="ABB">ABB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Laval" title="Alfa Laval">Alfa Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assa_Abloy" title="Assa Abloy">Assa Abloy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Copco" title="Atlas Copco">Atlas Copco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoliv" title="Autoliv">Autoliv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boliden_AB" title="Boliden AB">Boliden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrolux" title="Electrolux">Electrolux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ericsson" title="Ericsson">Ericsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essity" title="Essity">Essity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_AB" title="Evolution AB">Evolution Gaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getinge_AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Getinge AB">Getinge AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%26M" title="H&M">Hennes & Mauritz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexagon_AB" title="Hexagon AB">Hexagon AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investor_AB" title="Investor AB">Investor AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnevik" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinnevik">Kinnevik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordea" title="Nordea">Nordea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandvik" title="Sandvik">Sandvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCA_(company)" title="SCA (company)">SCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEB_Group" title="SEB Group">SEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skanska" title="Skanska">Skanska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinch_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinch (company)">Sinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SKF" title="SKF">SKF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skanska" title="Skanska">Skanska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handelsbanken" title="Handelsbanken">Svenska Handelsbanken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedbank" title="Swedbank">Swedbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Match" title="Swedish Match">Swedish Match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tele2" title="Tele2">Tele2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telia_Company" title="Telia Company">Telia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volvo" title="Volvo">Volvo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Companies_of_the_Nasdaq-100_index" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nasdaq-100" title="Template:Nasdaq-100"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nasdaq-100" title="Template talk:Nasdaq-100"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nasdaq-100" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nasdaq-100"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Companies_of_the_Nasdaq-100_index" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Companies of the <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq-100" title="Nasdaq-100">Nasdaq-100</a> index</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADP_(company)" title="ADP (company)">ADP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD" title="AMD">AMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbnb" title="Airbnb">Airbnb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Electric_Power" title="American Electric Power">AEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amgen" title="Amgen">Amgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analog_Devices" title="Analog Devices">Analog Devices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansys" title="Ansys">Ansys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applied_Materials" title="Applied Materials">Applied Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppLovin" title="AppLovin">AppLovin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arm_Holdings" title="Arm Holdings">Arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASML_Holding" title="ASML Holding">ASML</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlassian" title="Atlassian">Atlassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autodesk" title="Autodesk">Autodesk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Hughes" title="Baker Hughes">Baker Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogen" title="Biogen">Biogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booking_Holdings" title="Booking Holdings">Booking Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcom" title="Broadcom">Broadcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadence_Design_Systems" title="Cadence Design Systems">Cadence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDW" title="CDW">CDW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_Communications" title="Charter Communications">Charter Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cintas" title="Cintas">Cintas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Europacific_Partners" title="Coca-Cola Europacific Partners">Coca-Cola Europacific Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognizant" title="Cognizant">Cognizant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation_Energy" title="Constellation Energy">Constellation Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copart" title="Copart">Copart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoStar_Group" title="CoStar Group">CoStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costco" title="Costco">Costco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrowdStrike" title="CrowdStrike">CrowdStrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSX_Corporation" title="CSX Corporation">CSX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datadog" title="Datadog">Datadog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexcom" title="Dexcom">Dexcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamondback_Energy" title="Diamondback Energy">Diamondback Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoorDash" title="DoorDash">DoorDash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Arts" title="Electronic Arts">Electronic Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastenal" title="Fastenal">Fastenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortinet" title="Fortinet">Fortinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_HealthCare" title="GE HealthCare">GE HealthCare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilead_Sciences" title="Gilead Sciences">Gilead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobalFoundries" title="GlobalFoundries">GlobalFoundries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idexx_Laboratories" title="Idexx Laboratories">Idexx Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illumina,_Inc." title="Illumina, Inc.">Illumina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intuit" title="Intuit">Intuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intuitive_Surgical" title="Intuitive Surgical">Intuitive Surgical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keurig_Dr_Pepper" title="Keurig Dr Pepper">Keurig Dr Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLA_Corporation" title="KLA Corporation">KLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_Heinz" title="Kraft Heinz">Kraft Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lam_Research" title="Lam Research">Lam Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linde_plc" title="Linde plc">Linde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica" title="Lululemon Athletica">Lululemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriott_International" title="Marriott International">Marriott International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvell_Technology" title="Marvell Technology">Marvell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercado_Libre" title="Mercado Libre">Mercado Libre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microchip_Technology" title="Microchip Technology">Microchip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micron_Technology" title="Micron Technology">Micron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderna" title="Moderna">Moderna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondelez_International" title="Mondelez International">Mondelez International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MongoDB_Inc." title="MongoDB Inc.">MongoDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_Beverage" title="Monster Beverage">Monster Beverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netflix,_Inc." title="Netflix, Inc.">Netflix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NXP_Semiconductors" title="NXP Semiconductors">NXP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Reilly_Auto_Parts" title="O'Reilly Auto Parts">O'Reilly Auto Parts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Dominion_Freight_Line" title="Old Dominion Freight Line">Old Dominion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsemi" title="Onsemi">onsemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paccar" title="Paccar">Paccar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto_Networks" title="Palo Alto Networks">Palo Alto Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paychex" title="Paychex">Paychex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PayPal" title="PayPal">PayPal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinduoduo" title="Pinduoduo">PDD Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PepsiCo" title="PepsiCo">PepsiCo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualcomm" title="Qualcomm">Qualcomm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regeneron_Pharmaceuticals" title="Regeneron Pharmaceuticals">Regeneron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roper_Technologies" title="Roper Technologies">Roper Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Stores" title="Ross Stores">Ross Stores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starbucks" title="Starbucks">Starbucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supermicro" title="Supermicro">Supermicro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synopsys" title="Synopsys">Synopsys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take-Two_Interactive" title="Take-Two Interactive">Take-Two Interactive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_US" title="T-Mobile US">T-Mobile US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Trade_Desk" title="The Trade Desk">Trade Desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verisk_Analytics" title="Verisk Analytics">Verisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertex_Pharmaceuticals" title="Vertex Pharmaceuticals">Vertex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workday,_Inc." title="Workday, Inc.">Workday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xcel_Energy" title="Xcel Energy">Xcel Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zscaler" title="Zscaler">Zscaler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philadelphia-area_corporations_(including_the_Delaware_Valley)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philadelphia_Corporations" title="Template:Philadelphia Corporations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philadelphia_Corporations" title="Template talk:Philadelphia Corporations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia_Corporations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia Corporations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philadelphia-area_corporations_(including_the_Delaware_Valley)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_the_Philadelphia_area" title="List of companies based in the Philadelphia area">Philadelphia-area corporations</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Delaware Valley</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_the_Philadelphia_area" title="List of companies based in the Philadelphia area">List of companies based in the Philadelphia area</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> corporations (rank in the 2017 list)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a> (31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramark" title="Aramark">Aramark</a> (192)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Holdings" title="Crown Holdings">Crown Holdings</a> (333)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Delaware Valley</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> corporations (rank in the 2017 list)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmerisourceBergen" class="mw-redirect" title="AmerisourceBergen">AmerisourceBergen</a> (11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuPont" title="DuPont">DuPont</a> (113)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_National_Corporation" title="Lincoln National Corporation">Lincoln National Corporation</a> (207)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Health_Services" title="Universal Health Services">Universal Health Services</a> (276)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Soup_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Campbell Soup Company">Campbell Soup</a> (339)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGI_Corporation" title="UGI Corporation">UGI</a> (457)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington_(department_store)" title="Burlington (department store)">Burlington Stores</a> (463)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Other notable Philadelphia-based businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amoroso%27s_Baking_Company" title="Amoroso's Baking Company">Amoroso's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemtura" title="Chemtura">Chemtura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_%26_Zimmermann" title="Day & Zimmermann">Day & Zimmermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FMC_Corporation" title="FMC Corporation">FMC Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Blue_Cross" title="Independence Blue Cross">Independence Blue Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pep_Boys" title="Pep Boys">Pep Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Media_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Media Network">Philadelphia Media Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PREIT" title="PREIT">PREIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radian_Group" title="Radian Group">Radian Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Outfitters" title="Urban Outfitters">Urban Outfitters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Notable Philadelphia-based professional partnerships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballard_Spahr" title="Ballard Spahr">Ballard Spahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blank_Rome" title="Blank Rome">Blank Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozen_O%27Connor" title="Cozen O'Connor">Cozen O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechert" title="Dechert">Dechert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drinker_Biddle_%26_Reath" class="mw-redirect" title="Drinker Biddle & Reath">Drinker Biddle & Reath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duane_Morris" title="Duane Morris">Duane Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan,_Lewis_%26_Bockius" title="Morgan, Lewis & Bockius">Morgan, Lewis & Bockius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Pepper Hamilton">Pepper Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Ewing" title="Saul Ewing">Saul Ewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_and_Williams" title="White and Williams">White and Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Other notable Delaware Valley-based businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actua_Corporation" title="Actua Corporation">Actua Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airgas" title="Airgas">Airgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlliedBarton" title="AlliedBarton">AlliedBarton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ametek" title="Ametek">Ametek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqua_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Aqua America">Aqua America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asplundh_Tree_Expert_Company" title="Asplundh Tree Expert Company">Asplundh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentley_Systems" title="Bentley Systems">Bentley Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandywine_Realty_Trust" title="Brandywine Realty Trust">Brandywine Realty Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boscov%27s" title="Boscov's">Boscov's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpenter_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpenter Technology">Carpenter Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalon" title="Cephalon">Cephalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemours" title="Chemours">Chemours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiana_Care_Health_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Christiana Care Health System">Christiana Care Health System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crozer_Keystone_Health_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Crozer Keystone Health System">Crozer Keystone Health System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David%27s_Bridal" title="David's Bridal">David's Bridal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuckDuckGo" title="DuckDuckGo">DuckDuckGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPAM_Systems" title="EPAM Systems">EPAM Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EnerSys" title="EnerSys">EnerSys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Property_Trust" title="Liberty Property Trust">Liberty Property Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Entertainment" title="Penn Entertainment">Penn Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Mutual" title="Penn Mutual">Penn Mutual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita%27s_Italian_Ice" title="Rita's Italian Ice">Rita's Italian Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEI_Investments" class="mw-redirect" title="SEI Investments">SEI Investments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SLM_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="SLM Corporation">SLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_International_Group" title="Susquehanna International Group">Susquehanna International Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanguard Group">Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toll_Brothers" title="Toll Brothers">Toll Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triumph_Group" title="Triumph Group">Triumph Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unisys" title="Unisys">Unisys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViroPharma" title="ViroPharma">ViroPharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishay_Intertechnology" title="Vishay Intertechnology">Vishay Intertechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VWR_International" title="VWR International">VWR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wawa_(company)" title="Wawa (company)">Wawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington_Trust" title="Wilmington Trust">Wilmington Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._L._Gore_%26_Associates" title="W. L. Gore & Associates">W. L. Gore & Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSFS_Bank" title="WSFS Bank">WSFS Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Notable Delaware Valley-based US headquarters of foreign businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Asset_Management" title="Aberdeen Asset Management">Aberdeen Asset Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland" title="AgustaWestland">AgustaWestland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chubb_Limited" title="Chubb Limited">Chubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Investments" title="Delaware Investments">Delaware Investments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marfrig" title="Marfrig">Keystone Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAP" title="SAP">SAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemens_Healthineers" title="Siemens Healthineers">Siemens Healthineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shire_(pharmaceutical_company)" title="Shire (pharmaceutical company)">Shire Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_America" title="Subaru of America">Subaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teva_Pharmaceuticals" title="Teva Pharmaceuticals">Teva Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Bank,_N.A." class="mw-redirect" title="TD Bank, N.A.">TD Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Notable Delaware Valley-based division headquarters of US corporations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acme_Markets" title="Acme Markets">Acme</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cerberus_Capital_Management" title="Cerberus Capital Management">Cerberus Capital Management</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centocor" class="mw-redirect" title="Centocor">Centocor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Penn" title="Colonial Penn">Colonial Penn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conseco" class="mw-redirect" title="Conseco">Conseco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delmarva_Power" title="Delmarva Power">Delmarva Power</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSI_Commerce" class="mw-redirect" title="GSI Commerce">GSI Commerce</a> (<a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Hercules Inc">Hercules</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashland_Global" title="Ashland Global">Ashland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAB_Paints" title="MAB Paints">MAB Paints</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sherwin-Williams" title="Sherwin-Williams">Sherwin-Williams</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McNeil_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="McNeil Laboratories">McNeil Laboratories</a> (Johnson & Johnson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoware" title="Neoware">Neoware</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PECO_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="PECO Energy">PECO</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/QVC" title="QVC">QVC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberty_Media" title="Liberty Media">Liberty Media</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohm_%26_Haas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rohm & Haas">Rohm & Haas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dow_Chemical" class="mw-redirect" title="Dow Chemical">Dow Chemical</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunGard" title="SunGard">SunGard</a> (<a href="/wiki/FIS_(company)" title="FIS (company)">FIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tastykake" title="Tastykake">Tasty Baking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flowers_Foods" title="Flowers Foods">Flowers Foods</a>)</li></ul> 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