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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" 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title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-食物來源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#食物來源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>食物來源</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-食物來源-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关食物來源子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-食物來源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-植物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#植物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>植物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-植物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-動物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#動物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>動物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-動物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生產" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生產"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>生產</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生產-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-製備" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#製備"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>製備</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-製備-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关製備子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-製備-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-動物屠宰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#動物屠宰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>動物屠宰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-動物屠宰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-烹飪" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#烹飪"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>烹飪</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-烹飪-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-烹飪方法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#烹飪方法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>烹飪方法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-烹飪方法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生食" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生食"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>生食</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生食-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-餐馆" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#餐馆"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>餐馆</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-餐馆-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-食物和味覺" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#食物和味覺"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>食物和味覺</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-食物和味覺-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关食物和味覺子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-食物和味覺-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-甜" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#甜"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>甜</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-甜-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-酸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#酸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>酸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-酸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-鹹" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鹹"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>鹹</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鹹-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-苦" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#苦"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>苦</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-苦-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-鮮" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鮮"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>鮮</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鮮-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-商業貿易" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#商業貿易"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>商業貿易</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-商業貿易-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-食物分類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#食物分類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>食物分類</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-食物分類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参考文献子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-书籍" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#书籍"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>书籍</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-书籍-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">食物</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。191种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-191" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">191种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voedsel" title="Voedsel – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Voedsel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9D%E1%8C%8D%E1%89%A5" title="ምግብ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ምግብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Alimento" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C7%A2t" title="Ǣt – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ǣt" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85" title="طعام – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طعام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%90%DC%9F%DC%98%DC%A0%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܡܐܟܘܠܬܐ – 阿拉米语" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܐܟܘܠܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="阿拉米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="খাদ্য – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="খাদ্য" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimentu" title="Alimentu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alimentu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitcim" title="Mitcim – 阿提卡米克语" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Mitcim" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="阿提卡米克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Квен – 阿瓦尔语" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Квен" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="खाद्यपदार्थ – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="खाद्यपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manq%27a" title="Manq'a – 艾马拉语" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Manq'a" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="艾马拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qida" title="Qida – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qida" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%DA%A9" title="یئیه‌جک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یئیه‌جک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Аҙыҡ – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аҙыҡ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiedis" title="Jiedis – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Jiedis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakanon" title="Kakanon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kakanon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Ежа – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ежа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Ежа – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ежа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Храна – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Храна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="खाना – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="खाना" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakae" title="Kakae – 比斯拉马语" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kakae" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="比斯拉马语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumuni" title="Dumuni – 班巴拉语" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dumuni" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="班巴拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="খাদ্য – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খাদ্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boued" title="Boued – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Boued" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrana" title="Hrana – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hrana" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliment" title="Aliment – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aliment" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comida" title="Comida – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Comida" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C4%83h_g%C3%AC_n%C3%B3%CC%A4h" title="Siăh gì nó̤h – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Siăh gì nó̤h" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Кхача – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кхача" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagkaon" title="Pagkaon – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pagkaon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="خۆراک – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خۆراک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potravina" title="Potravina – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Potravina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82-%C3%A7%D0%B8%D0%BC%C4%95%C3%A7" title="Апат-çимĕç – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Апат-çимĕç" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bwyd" title="Bwyd – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bwyd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad" title="Mad – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mad" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bindirigu" title="Bindirigu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Bindirigu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahrung" title="Nahrung – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nahrung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taakanon" title="Taakanon – 中部杜順文" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Taakanon" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="中部杜順文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="खाद्यपदार्थ – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="खाद्यपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%AE" title="Τροφή – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τροφή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food" title="Food – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Food" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%C4%9Da%C4%B5o" title="Manĝaĵo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Manĝaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alimento" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toit" title="Toit – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Toit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elikagai" title="Elikagai – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elikagai" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimentu" title="Alimentu – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Alimentu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="خوراک – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوراک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruoka" title="Ruoka – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ruoka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCk" title="Süük – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Süük" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakana" title="Kakana – 斐济语" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kakana" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐济语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matur" title="Matur – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Matur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nourriture" title="Nourriture – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nourriture" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iidj_an_drank" title="Iidj an drank – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Iidj an drank" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iten" title="Iten – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Iten" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bia" title="Bia – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%AB%E5%97%B0" title="喫嗰 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="喫嗰" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouritir" title="Nouritir – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Nouritir" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biadh" title="Biadh – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Biadh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alimento" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%27upy" title="Hi'upy – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Hi'upy" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nududu" title="Nududu – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Nududu" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abinci" title="Abinci – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Abinci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%B9%B3%CC%8Dt-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Sṳ̍t-vu̍t – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sṳ̍t-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%95%D7%9F" title="מזון – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מזון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="खाद्य – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खाद्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khana" title="Khana – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Khana" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrana" title="Hrana – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hrana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tel" title="Étel – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Étel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%84" title="Սննդամթերք – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սննդամթերք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Alimento" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemakai" title="Pemakai – 伊班语" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Pemakai" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makanan" title="Makanan – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Makanan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food" title="Food – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Food" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niqi" title="Niqi – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Niqi" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makan" title="Makan – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Makan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matur" title="Matur – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Matur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alimento" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%93%82%E1%95%BF" title="ᓂᕿ – 因纽特语" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᓂᕿ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="因纽特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" title="食品 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="食品" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuud" title="Fuud – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Fuud" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/cidja" title="cidja – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="cidja" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangan" title="Pangan – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pangan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="საჭმელი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საჭმელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C4%8D%C4%8Di" title="Učči – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Učči" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyayak" title="Kyayak – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Kyayak" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%9B" title="Тамақ – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тамақ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A" title="អាហារ – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អាហារ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಆಹಾರ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಹಾರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EC%8B%9D" title="음식 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="음식" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xurek" title="Xurek – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xurek" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boos" title="Boos – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Boos" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibus" title="Cibus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cibus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narung" title="Narung – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Narung" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дукра – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Дукра" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voeding" title="Voeding – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Voeding" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil%C3%A9i" title="Biléi – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Biléi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ອາຫານ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອາຫານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maistas" title="Maistas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Maistas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%81rtika" title="Pārtika – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pārtika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="खाद्यपदार्थ – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="खाद्यपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakafo" title="Sakafo – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sakafo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makanan" title="Makanan – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Makanan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Храна – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Храна" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ആഹാരം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആഹാരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Хоол – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хоол" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%81%9E%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B" title="စၞအာဟာရ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="စၞအာဟာရ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mos mw-list-item"><a href="https://mos.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C9%A9%C9%A9bo" title="Rɩɩbo – 莫西语" lang="mos" hreflang="mos" data-title="Rɩɩbo" data-language-autonym="Moore" data-language-local-name="莫西语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Moore</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8" title="अन्न – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अन्न" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makanan" title="Makanan – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Makanan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quemido" title="Quemido – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Quemido" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC" title="အစားအစာ – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစားအစာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ярсамопель – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ярсамопель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlacualli" title="Tlacualli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlacualli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eten" title="Eten – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Eten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="खाद्यपदार्थ – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खाद्यपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="नसात्वँसा – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="नसात्वँसा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voedsel" title="Voedsel – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Voedsel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat" title="Mat – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat" title="Mat – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manjaje" title="Manjaje – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Manjaje" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangi" title="Mangi – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mangi" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manjar" title="Manjar – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Manjar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sy%C3%B6mine" title="Syömine – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Syömine" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%96%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F" title="ଖାଦ୍ୟ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଖାଦ୍ୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C3%A6%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Хæринаг – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хæринаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE" title="ਖਾਣਾ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖਾਣਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetls" title="Wetls – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Wetls" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBywno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Żywność – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Żywność" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%DD%A8%D8%A7" title="کھاݨا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کھاݨا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%93%D9%87" title="خواړه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="خواړه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alimento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/lami" title="lami – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="lami" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhuna" title="Mikhuna – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Mikhuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xapen" title="Xapen – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Xapen" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2ncare" title="Mâncare – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mâncare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2cari" title="Mâcari – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Mâcari" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пожива – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Пожива" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B0" title="Пища – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пища" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%87%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Їджіня – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Їджіня" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="आहारः – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="आहारः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81" title="Ас – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ас" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9C" title="ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0ndigu" title="Màndigu – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Màndigu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosi_di_manciari" title="Cosi di manciari – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cosi di manciari" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuid" title="Fuid – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Fuid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biebmu" title="Biebmu – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Biebmu" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrana" title="Hrana – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hrana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%86%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB" title="මිනිසාගේ ආහාර – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මිනිසාගේ ආහාර" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food" title="Food – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Food" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potravina" title="Potravina – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Potravina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrana" title="Hrana – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hrana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/FUALAAU" title="FUALAAU – 萨摩亚语" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="FUALAAU" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="萨摩亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvidyo" title="Zvidyo – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Zvidyo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunto" title="Cunto – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cunto" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushqimi" title="Ushqimi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ushqimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Храна – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Храна" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijo" title="Dijo – 南索托语" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Dijo" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="南索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangan" title="Pangan – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Pangan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat" title="Mat – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mat" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chakula" title="Chakula – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Chakula" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="உணவு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உணவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/nniqun" title="nniqun – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="nniqun" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="ఆహారం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆహారం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%AF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Хӯрок – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хӯрок" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="อาหาร – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาหาร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagkain" title="Pagkain – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pagkain" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijo" title="Dijo – 茨瓦纳语" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Dijo" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="茨瓦纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%B1da" title="Gıda – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gıda" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swakudya" title="Swakudya – 聪加语" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Swakudya" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="聪加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Ризык – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ризык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aduane" title="Aduane – 契维语" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Aduane" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="契维语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%87%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Їжа – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Їжа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7" title="غذا – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="غذا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oziq-ovqat" title="Oziq-ovqat – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oziq-ovqat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnar" title="Magnar – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Magnar" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6m" title="Söm – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Söm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%B1c_ph%E1%BA%A9m" title="Thực phẩm – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thực phẩm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fid" title="Fid – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Fid" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amagn%C3%AE" title="Amagnî – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Amagnî" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaonon" title="Karaonon – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Karaonon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="食物 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="食物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukutya" title="Ukutya – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ukutya" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ოჭკომალი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოჭკომალი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%92" title="עסנווארג – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עסנווארג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gijgwn" title="Gijgwn – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gijgwn" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voedienge" title="Voedienge – 西蘭文" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Voedienge" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="西蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F" title="食 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="食" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chia%CC%8Dh-mi%CC%8Dh" title="Chia̍h-mi̍h – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chia̍h-mi̍h" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="食物 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="食物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukudla" title="Ukudla 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.ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-问题条目 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="Talk:食物">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Trivia plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>應避免有<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A/%E7%91%A3%E7%A2%8E%E7%AB%A0%E7%AF%80" title="Wikipedia:格式手冊/瑣碎章節">陳列雜項、瑣碎資料</a>的部分。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2023年1月27日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit">協助</a>將有關資料重新編排成連貫性的文章，安置於適當章節或條目內。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可能包含<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%9D%9E%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%9B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="Wikipedia:非原创研究">原创研究</a>。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2023年1月27日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充参考资料、添加<a href="/wiki/Template:Original_research_inline" title="Template:Original research inline">相关内联标签</a>和删除原创研究内容以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>。详细情况请参见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="Talk:食物">讨论页</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2023年1月27日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%22">"食物"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-{{{name=Unbalanced_human-centric}}} plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Man_walking_icon_1410105361.svg/24px-Man_walking_icon_1410105361.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Man_walking_icon_1410105361.svg/35px-Man_walking_icon_1410105361.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Man_walking_icon_1410105361.svg/47px-Man_walking_icon_1410105361.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="861" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目可能<b>过于以人类为中心</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit">提高其他物种的介绍覆盖范围</a>，并在<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="Talk:食物">讨论页</a>讨论该问题。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-91ce81bb" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Food"></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Good_Food_Display_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Good_Food_Display_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg/240px-Good_Food_Display_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Good_Food_Display_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg/360px-Good_Food_Display_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Good_Food_Display_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg/480px-Good_Food_Display_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>各類食物</figcaption></figure> <p><b>食物</b>是為生物提供營養的物質，來源通常是植物、動物、菌類，包含著維生所需的營養素，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="碳水化合物">碳水化合物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA" title="脂肪">脂肪</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋白質">蛋白質</a>、水等，能夠藉由<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E9%A3%9F" title="進食">進食</a>為生物提供營養、維持生命<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或愉悅的物質。<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物">生物</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="消化">攝取</a>食物後，被生物的細胞同化，提供能量，維持生命及刺激成長。 </p><p>在歷史上，人類主要是透過<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%A9%E7%8D%B5" title="狩獵">狩獵</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A1%E9%9B%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="採集（页面不存在）">採集</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%95%E7%A8%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="耕種">耕種</a>三種方式獲得食物，其餘的還有<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%89%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="畜牧">畜牧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A3%E9%AD%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="釣魚">釣魚</a>等。現在日益增加的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="世界人口">世界人口</a>中，大部份需要的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F" title="食物熱量">食物熱量</a>是由<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A" title="食品产业">食品产业</a>提供。 </p><p>有許多機構在監控<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="食品衛生">食品衛生</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="食品安全">食品安全</a>，包括<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际食品保护协会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International Association for Food Protection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际食品保护协会（页面不存在）">国际食品保护协会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Association_for_Food_Protection" class="extiw" title="en:International Association for Food Protection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International Association for Food Protection</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界资源研究所" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Resources Institute"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世界资源研究所（页面不存在）">世界资源研究所</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Resources_Institute" class="extiw" title="en:World Resources Institute"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Resources Institute</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%B3%A7%E9%A3%9F%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83%E7%BD%B2" title="世界糧食計劃署">世界糧食計劃署</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E7%B3%A7%E9%A3%9F%E5%8F%8A%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國糧食及農業組織">聯合國糧食及農業組織</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际食品信息理事会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International Food Information Council"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际食品信息理事会（页面不存在）">国际食品信息理事会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Food_Information_Council" class="extiw" title="en:International Food Information Council"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International Food Information Council</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>以及亞太無添加餐飲食品發展促進會。他們關注的議題包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%BA%8C%E6%80%A7" title="可持續性">可持續性</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A3%E6%80%A7" title="生物多樣性">生物多樣性</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="氣候變化">氣候變化</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="营养人类学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="nutritional economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%A5%E5%85%BB%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="营养人类学（页面不存在）">营养人类学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nutritional_economics" class="extiw" title="en:nutritional economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">nutritional economics</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%A2%9E%E9%95%BF%E7%8E%87" title="人口自然增长率">人口自然增长率</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9B%E6%B0%B4" title="供水">供水</a>、食品製造技術改善及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="食品安全">食品安全</a>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%AC%8A" title="食物權">食物權</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E3%80%81%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%8A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" title="经济、社会及文化权利国际公约">經濟、社會及文化權利國際公約</a>（ICESCR）提出的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83" title="人权">人权</a>之一，認可「有適當生活水平的權利，包括適當的食物」也就是「免於飢餓的自由。」 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="食物來源"><span id=".E9.A3.9F.E7.89.A9.E4.BE.86.E6.BA.90"></span>食物來源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：食物來源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>大部分的食物通常來自植物或是動物，儘管有些例外，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%88%E9%A1%9E" title="蕈類">食用菌</a>。環境周遭的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="細菌">細菌</a>或是<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D" title="酵母">酵母</a>也被用來<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E9%85%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="發酵">發酵</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%83%E6%BC%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="醃漬">醃漬</a>食品，像是<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%B5%E5%8C%85" title="麵包">麵包</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92" title="酒">酒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E9%85%AA" class="mw-disambig" title="乳酪">乳酪</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="優格">優格</a>。有些文化也會食用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%8B%94" class="mw-redirect" title="海苔">海苔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="原生生物">原生生物</a>、或者<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="藍菌">藍菌</a>類的例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%9E%BA%E6%97%8B%E8%97%BB" title="螺旋藻">螺旋藻</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E9%B9%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="食鹽">鹽</a>常被用來調味或是醃漬，而<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%98%87%E6%89%93" class="mw-redirect" title="小蘇打">小蘇打</a>也被用在製備食物。兩者和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>都是<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%A9%9F%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="無機物">無機物</a>，一樣都是人類重要的食物來源。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="植物"><span id=".E6.A4.8D.E7.89.A9"></span>植物</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：植物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vegetarian_diet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Vegetarian_diet.jpg/150px-Vegetarian_diet.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Vegetarian_diet.jpg/225px-Vegetarian_diet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Vegetarian_diet.jpg/300px-Vegetarian_diet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1784" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>許多來自植物的食物</figcaption></figure> <p>許多<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a>或是植物的部份被當作食物食用。目前大約有2000種植物被當作食物耕種，而當中還有許多的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BD%E5%9F%B9%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="栽培植物">栽培植物</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>種子對動物和人類而言是相當好的食物來源，因為種子含有植物生長所需的基本營養。事實上，人類大多數消費的都是以種子為基礎的食物。可食用的種子包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="谷类">穀類</a>（例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="大麥">大麥</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%BA%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="小麥">小麥</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%BB" title="稻">米</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%A2%E6%9E%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="莢果">莢果</a>（例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%86%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="豆類">豆類</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%8C%E8%B1%86" title="豌豆">豌豆</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%89%81%E8%B1%86" title="小扁豆">小扁豆</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%85%E6%9E%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="堅果">堅果</a>。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B9%E6%96%99%E7%A8%AE%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="油料種子（页面不存在）">油料種子</a>通常用來壓榨成油，像是<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%91%E6%97%A5%E8%91%B5" title="向日葵">向日葵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E8%8F%9C" title="油菜">油菜</a>（包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%A5%E8%8A%B1%E7%B1%BD%E6%B2%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="芥花籽油">芥花籽油</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%9D%E9%BA%BB" title="芝麻">芝麻</a><sup id="cite_ref-McGee9_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGee9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。包括巧克力，來源於可可樹的可可豆筴，也是屬於植物種子的一類。現今多運用於製作甜點，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A7%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%9B%E8%9B%8B%E7%B3%95" title="巧克力蛋糕">巧克力蛋糕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97%E5%B0%BC" title="布朗尼">布朗尼</a>等。世界上最早的其中一道<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%AD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="食譜">食譜</a>是用鷹嘴豆做成的<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B0%E5%98%B4%E8%B1%86%E6%B3%A5" title="鹰嘴豆泥">鷹嘴豆泥</a>，可以追溯到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="古埃及">古埃及</a>時代。 </p><p>一些植物的可食用果實被称作<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%9E%9C" title="水果">水果</a>，多半來自花朵的子房發育而來，少數<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%84%E6%9E%9C" title="附果">附果</a>例外。这些果实通常含有大量水分和糖分。许多植物將水果發展成能夠吸引動物的食物來源，如此動物吃掉水果後會將種子排泄於其他地方。因此水果在許多<a href="/wiki/%E9%A5%AE%E9%A3%9F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="饮食文化">飲食文化</a>佔有相當重要的地位。某些果实如<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%83%E8%8C%84" class="mw-redirect" title="蕃茄">蕃茄</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%93%9C" title="南瓜">南瓜</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%84%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="茄子">茄子</a>则被算作蔬菜食用。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（詳請參見<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%9E%9C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="水果列表">水果列表</a>） </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%AC%E8%8F%9C" title="蔬菜">蔬菜</a>是另一種常見的食用植物部分。蔬菜可以包括植物的各个器官，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9" title="根">根</a>（如<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%93%83%E8%96%AF" title="马铃薯">马铃薯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E8%90%9D%E5%8D%9C" title="胡萝卜">胡萝卜</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%8E" title="茎">茎</a>（如<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%8D" title="筍">竹笋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%A6%E7%AC%8B" title="芦笋">芦笋</a>等）、叶（例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C" title="菠菜">菠菜</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%B5%E8%8B%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="萵苣">萵苣</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1" title="花">花</a>（例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E6%A4%B0%E8%8F%9C" title="花椰菜">花椰菜</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%8B%E8%96%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="洋薊">洋薊</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E5%AE%9E" title="果实">果实</a>（如番茄、黄瓜）和种子（豆类）。<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E8%8D%89" title="香草">香草</a>和香料是具有豐富風味的蔬菜。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="動物"><span id=".E5.8B.95.E7.89.A9"></span>動物</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：動物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meatfoodgroup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Meatfoodgroup.jpg/288px-Meatfoodgroup.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Meatfoodgroup.jpg/432px-Meatfoodgroup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Meatfoodgroup.jpg/576px-Meatfoodgroup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="255" /></a><figcaption>肉類食物</figcaption></figure> <p>可以直接食用的動物或其製品稱為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%B7%E9%A3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葷食（页面不存在）">葷食</a>，其中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="動物">動物</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E8%82%89" title="肌肉">肌肉</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98" title="器官">器官</a>稱爲<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="肉類">肉類</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E6%B1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="乳汁">乳汁</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="哺乳動物">哺乳動物</a>生產的一種食物，在許多文化中可直接飲用或者加工成<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E9%85%AA" class="mw-disambig" title="乳酪">乳酪</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AE%AE%E5%A5%B6%E6%B2%B9" title="鮮奶油">奶油</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E8%A3%BD%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="乳製品">乳製品</a>。鳥類等動物會下<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋">蛋</a>，也可食用。<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%9C%E8%9C%82" class="mw-redirect" title="蜜蜂">蜜蜂</a>會生產<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E8%9C%9C" title="蜂蜜">蜂蜜</a>，一種受歡迎的甜味劑。有些地方食用動物的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2" title="血液">血液</a>，例如做成<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%A1%80%E7%B3%95" title="米血糕">米血糕</a>，或者加在<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%9D%E8%B2%93" title="麝貓">麝貓</a>中燉湯。<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>有些文化及人群不吃<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%B7%E9%A3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葷食（页面不存在）">葷食</a>，原因可能包括文化、飲食、健康、種族、宗教或意識形態。<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E9%A3%9F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="素食主義">素食主義</a>者不吃肉食，但對於蛋奶類或其他動物製品則可能有不同態度。<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%94%E7%B4%A0%E9%A3%9F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="純素食主義">純素食主義</a>者不食用任何<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="原材料">原材料</a>來自動物的食物，包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋">蛋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3" title="乳">奶</a>類、蜂蜜及任何動物成分。 </p> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生產"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.94.A2"></span>生產</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：生產"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ueberladewagen_(jha).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ueberladewagen_%28jha%29.jpg/250px-Ueberladewagen_%28jha%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ueberladewagen_%28jha%29.jpg/375px-Ueberladewagen_%28jha%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ueberladewagen_%28jha%29.jpg/500px-Ueberladewagen_%28jha%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1094" data-file-height="710" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%96%E6%8B%89%E6%9C%BA" title="拖拉机">牽引機</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8A%E5%80%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="車倉（页面不存在）">車倉</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="農業">農業</a></div> <p>食物通常由<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%95%E7%A8%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="耕種">耕種</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%89%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="畜牧">畜牧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%A9%E7%8D%B5" title="狩獵">狩獵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A3%E9%AD%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="釣魚">釣魚</a>等其他種適應當地環境的方式取得。由於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="消費者">消費者</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82" title="需求">需求</a>、地方自足、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" title="有機農業">有機農業</a>和鼓勵<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A3%E6%80%A7" title="生物多樣性">生物多樣性</a>，最近<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E7%BA%8C%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" title="永續農業">永續農業</a>已經成為施行的趨勢。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>對於食物生產的影響主要來自於國際組織（例如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界貿易組織">世界貿易組織</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="共同農業政策">共同農業政策</a>）和政府的政策（或者<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B" title="法律">法律</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="戰爭">戰爭</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-Messer_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Messer-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="製備"><span id=".E8.A3.BD.E5.82.99"></span>製備</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：製備"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>雖然有些食物可以生食，但是人们基於安全、口感或滋味的考虑會对许多食物再進行加工。最簡單的加工可能只是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B4%97" class="mw-disambig" title="清洗">清洗</a>、切割、修整或添加其他食物或材料，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%96%99" title="香料">香料</a>。更複雜一點的或許還包括攪拌、加熱或冷卻、蒸發或者和其他食物的結合。家中大部份的食物加工都在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%9A%E6%88%BF" title="廚房">廚房</a>中進行。有些製備是為了<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%B3%E8%A6%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="味覺">味覺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%84%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="美感">美感</a>，有些是為了<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%9D%E5%AD%98%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="食物保存法">保存食物</a>，而有些還包含了文化意象。<a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%90%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="餐點">餐點</a>是在特定場合或時間所準備的食物。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="動物屠宰"><span id=".E5.8B.95.E7.89.A9.E5.B1.A0.E5.AE.B0"></span>動物屠宰</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：動物屠宰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Slaughterhouse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Slaughterhouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="187" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="187" /></a><figcaption>屠場中的工人和牲畜</figcaption></figure> <p>動物來源的食物的製備通常包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E5%AE%B0" title="屠宰">屠宰</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98%E7%A7%BB%E9%99%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="器官移除（页面不存在）">去除內臟</a>、放血、分裝和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E7%85%89(%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E8%A3%BD%E5%82%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提煉(食物製備)（页面不存在）">提煉</a>。在已發展國家，通常會在住家以外的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E5%AE%B0%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="屠宰场">屠宰場</a>中進行大規模的牲畜處理以生產肉類。許多國家用法律規範他們的屠宰場。例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>在1958年設立的人性屠宰法，要求動物在被宰殺前要先使其昏迷。但并无具体监督措施。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="烹飪"><span id=".E7.83.B9.E9.A3.AA"></span>烹飪</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：烹飪"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>經過烹調後的食物被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%9C%E9%A4%9A" title="菜餚">菜餚</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="粵語">粵語</a>稱為<a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="餸">餸</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A4%B8%E8%8F%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="餸菜（页面不存在）">餸菜</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="潮语">潮语</a>稱為鹹、咸酸），許多的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化">文化</a>通常都有各式各樣獨特的菜餚、烹飪偏好或方式，而研究文化和食物間關係的學問被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E9%A3%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="美食學">美食學</a>。這也促進了文化間藉由進行食物間複雜的貿易進行經濟交流，而不只是消費。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="烹飪方法"><span id=".E7.83.B9.E9.A3.AA.E6.96.B9.E6.B3.95"></span>烹飪方法</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：烹飪方法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wok_cooking_and_the_heat_source_by_The_Pocket_in_Nanjing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wok_cooking_and_the_heat_source_by_The_Pocket_in_Nanjing.jpg/170px-Wok_cooking_and_the_heat_source_by_The_Pocket_in_Nanjing.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wok_cooking_and_the_heat_source_by_The_Pocket_in_Nanjing.jpg/255px-Wok_cooking_and_the_heat_source_by_The_Pocket_in_Nanjing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wok_cooking_and_the_heat_source_by_The_Pocket_in_Nanjing.jpg/340px-Wok_cooking_and_the_heat_source_by_The_Pocket_in_Nanjing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>中國廚師在南京烹飪食品</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%B9%E9%A5%AA" title="烹饪">烹饪</a></div> <p>“烹”在中文指“煮”，“飪”在中文指“熟”，所以從狹義上講烹飪就是將食物原料進行熱加工，而廣義上烹飪指通過加工處理食物，使食物更可口，更好看，更好聞。一个好的菜餚，色香味形俱佳，不但让人在食用时感到满足，而且能让食物的营养更容易被人体吸收。广义的烹饪包括调制熟食，也包括调制生食。烹饪是<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%B3%E9%A3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="膳食">膳食</a>的艺术，与烹调相比，烹饪是指整个烧饭做菜，而烹调只是针对单个菜肴而言。世界各地的烹饪，因为<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A5%E5%85%BB" title="营养">营养</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="美学">美学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="农业">农业</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="经济">经济</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化">文化</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="宗教">宗教</a>等因素的影响，而呈现多样性。<sup id="cite_ref-silhnc_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silhnc-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>举例来说：中国的八大菜系更是繁杂，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E8%8F%9C" title="川菜">川菜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E8%8F%9C" title="鲁菜">鲁菜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%8F%9C" title="粤菜">粤菜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8F%9C" title="苏菜">苏菜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E8%8F%9C" title="浙菜">浙菜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E8%8F%9C" title="闽菜">闽菜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%98%E8%8F%9C" title="湘菜">湘菜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%BD%E8%8F%9C" title="徽菜">徽菜</a>；烧、煎、炸、煮、焖……做法多不胜数。 </p><p>烹饪通常需要加热，通过化学转换，更改食物的风味、质地、外观和营养。<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>据<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="考古">考古</a>考证，世界上最早的烧烤食物出现在四十二万年前。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>公元前3000年，人们通过用陶罐把食物加热至熟。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="生食"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E9.A3.9F"></span>生食</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：生食"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>某些国家和文化比较注重动物食物和蔬菜食物处于自然状态。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%BE%8B" title="沙律">沙拉</a>是一种由多种生蔬菜和水果组成的西式菜肴。日本<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E9%B1%BC%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="生鱼片">生鱼片</a>是一种以生的鱼肉为主料，通常和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%BF%E5%8F%B8" title="寿司">寿司</a>还有其他<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%B2%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="海鲜">海鲜</a>组合在一起吃的食品。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9E%91%E9%9D%BC%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鞑靼牛肉">鞑靼牛肉</a>和鞑靼<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%96%87%E9%AD%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="三文魚">三文鱼</a>是分别是用未加热的牛肉丁和三文鱼丁，混合着各种配料，配合着<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%9D%A2%E5%8C%85" class="mw-redirect" title="法国面包">法式面包</a>、糕点和<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%AF%E6%9D%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="薯条">薯条</a>制成的一道生菜。在<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a>，<span lang="fr"><i>Carpaccio</i></span>（中文譯作「義式薄片」、「生牛肉片」）是一种的在非常薄的生牛肉上淋上<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92" title="辣椒">辣椒酱</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%84%E6%AC%96%E6%B2%B9" title="橄欖油">橄榄油</a>的菜肴。一个名叫生食主义（raw foodism）的流行保健食品运动，提倡日常饮食大部分以水果、蔬菜和谷物为主，包括脱水食物、果汁和蔬菜汁、种子和其他温度不超过118华氏度（48摄氏度）的食物。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="餐馆"><span id=".E9.A4.90.E9.A6.86"></span>餐馆</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：餐馆"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KenDeJiFastEatShop.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/KenDeJiFastEatShop.JPG/200px-KenDeJiFastEatShop.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/KenDeJiFastEatShop.JPG/300px-KenDeJiFastEatShop.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/KenDeJiFastEatShop.JPG/400px-KenDeJiFastEatShop.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>肯德基在<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%B2%99%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="長沙市">長沙市</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E8%88%88%E5%8D%97%E8%B7%AF%E6%AD%A5%E8%A1%8C%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E8%A1%97" class="mw-redirect" title="黃興南路步行商業街">黃興南路步行商業街</a>開設的連鎖分店</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%90%E9%A6%86" title="餐馆">餐馆</a></div> <p>餐馆是一个把食物卖给<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E8%B4%B9%E8%80%85" title="消费者">消费者</a>的场所。这些餐馆往往有训练有素的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%9A%E5%B8%AB" title="廚師">厨师</a>为客人准备食物，有训练有素的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8D%E5%BA%94" class="mw-redirect" title="侍应">侍应</a>服务客人。“餐馆”（restaurant）这个词源于19世纪的法国，人们曾经将它与有恢复（restorative）健康作用的肉汤联系起来。也有可能来源于法语<span lang="fr">rest au errant</span>，意思是给周游四方的人以休息。但是，也有迹象表明最早的商业食品的制作可能早在庞贝古城就已出现，以及13世纪出现在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="杭州">杭州</a>的茶室和酒馆。出现在17世纪欧洲的咖啡店或小餐馆也可能被认为是早期版本的餐馆。<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在2005年，美国人共花费了4960亿美元在外用餐。美国人在外用餐的类型如下：40%是在餐馆接收完全服务，37.2%是接受有限的服务（快餐），6.6%是在学校食堂吃，5.4%在酒吧吃或自动售货机，4.7%在酒店或汽车宾馆吃，4.0%在娱乐场所吃，还有2.2%在其他地方吃（包括军事基地）。<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fredmeyer_edit_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fredmeyer_edit_1.jpg/240px-Fredmeyer_edit_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fredmeyer_edit_1.jpg/360px-Fredmeyer_edit_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fredmeyer_edit_1.jpg/480px-Fredmeyer_edit_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="1835" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD_(%E5%A5%A7%E5%8B%92%E5%B2%A1%E5%B7%9E)" class="mw-redirect" title="波特蘭 (奧勒岡州)">波特蘭</a>的一家<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_Meyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fred Meyer（页面不存在）">Fred Meyer</a>量販食品區</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="食物和味覺"><span id=".E9.A3.9F.E7.89.A9.E5.92.8C.E5.91.B3.E8.A6.BA"></span>食物和味覺</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：食物和味覺"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%B3%E8%A6%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="味覺">味覺</a></div> <p>動物，尤其是人類，有五種不同的<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%B3%E8%A6%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="味覺">味覺</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="甜">甜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8" title="酸">酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="咸">鹹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="苦">苦</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="鲜">鮮</a>。隨著動物的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="演化">演化</a>，那些可以提供最多能量的（如<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96" title="糖">糖</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA" title="脂肪">脂肪</a>）嘗起來最讓人愉快，而其他的（例如苦味）則有不好的味道<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。水雖然是對生命重要的物質，但沒味道<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。另一方面，脂肪（特別是飽和脂肪酸）吃起來感覺很濃郁，因此會讓人們更喜歡食用。 </p><p>辣虽然被形容成一种味道，但研究表明，“辣味”的感觉属于一种痛觉，而并非味觉。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="甜"><span id=".E7.94.9C"></span>甜</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：甜"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saccharose2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saccharose2.svg/200px-Saccharose2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saccharose2.svg/300px-Saccharose2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saccharose2.svg/400px-Saccharose2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="345" data-file-height="178" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a>的分子結構</figcaption></figure> <p>甜一般認為是最讓人愉悅的味道，是由一種像是<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%B3%96" title="葡萄糖">葡萄糖</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="果糖">果糖</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="單糖">單糖</a>，或是像<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a>之類的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="雙糖">雙糖</a>產生<sup id="cite_ref-New_Oxford_American_Dictionary_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Oxford_American_Dictionary-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。複雜的醣類（碳水化合物）有長鏈，因此沒有甜味。像是<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E7%B2%BE" title="糖精">糖精</a>等物質則是模仿糖的分子結構，有甜味的感受，但又沒有糖量。其他的糖包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E7%B3%96" title="紅糖">紅糖</a>，因為沒有經過精煉，其顏色為棕色或紅色。因為糖對於動物攝取能量生存非常重要，因此有令人愉悅的味道。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9C%E8%8F%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="甜菊">甜菊</a>植物含有一種稱為<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9C%E8%8F%8A%E9%86%87" title="甜菊醇">甜菊醇</a>的化合物，精煉後甜度是糖的三百倍，但對血糖的影響最小<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="酸"><span id=".E9.85.B8"></span>酸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：酸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>酸味是由<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8" title="酸">酸</a>產生，包括酒精製品中的<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%8B" title="醋">醋</a>，其他酸味食物包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%91%E6%A9%98%E5%B1%9E" title="柑橘属">柑橘属</a>果實，尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%B8%E6%AA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="檸檬">檸檬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E5%A7%86" class="mw-redirect" title="萊姆">萊姆</a>及比較不酸的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%99" title="橙">橙</a>。在動物演化中酸味日益重要，因為酸味可能代表食物因細菌而<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E6%95%97" title="酸敗">酸敗</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>不過許多食物有微酸味，可以促進食慾。氣泡飲料，例如汽水，也是酸性的。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="鹹"><span id=".E9.B9.B9"></span>鹹</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：鹹"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piles_of_Salt_Salar_de_Uyuni_Bolivia_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piles_of_Salt_Salar_de_Uyuni_Bolivia_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_a.jpg/220px-Piles_of_Salt_Salar_de_Uyuni_Bolivia_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piles_of_Salt_Salar_de_Uyuni_Bolivia_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_a.jpg/330px-Piles_of_Salt_Salar_de_Uyuni_Bolivia_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piles_of_Salt_Salar_de_Uyuni_Bolivia_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_a.jpg/440px-Piles_of_Salt_Salar_de_Uyuni_Bolivia_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1320" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="玻利維亞">玻利維亞</a>的鹽山</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="咸">鹹</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼金屬">鹼金屬</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="離子">離子</a>（例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉">鈉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鉀">鉀</a>）的味道，在幾乎所有食物中都有低度到中度的鹹味，但吃大量的純鹽很不舒服。有許多不同種類的鹽，每一種都有不同程度的鹹味，包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%B9%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="海鹽">海鹽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E9%B9%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="岩鹽">岩鹽</a>及灰鹽等。除了增加風味外，鹹味對人體的重要性在於人體需要維持<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A7%A3%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="電解質">電解質</a>的平衡。鹽可以加<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘</a>，這是對甲狀腺生長有幫助的礦物質。鹽有脫水防腐的功能，因此有些罐裝食物都會加入鹽<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="苦"><span id=".E8.8B.A6"></span>苦</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：苦"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="苦">苦</a>一般認為是令人不悅的味道，是強烈及刺激性的味道。純的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A7%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%9B" title="巧克力">巧克力</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1%E5%9B%A0" title="咖啡因">咖啡因</a>、柠檬皮及一些果實是苦的，有些藥物，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%8E%E5%AF%A7" title="奎寧">奎寧</a>也是苦的。尤其是苦瓜。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="鮮"><span id=".E9.AE.AE"></span>鮮</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：鮮"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%AE%AE%E5%91%B3" title="鮮味">鮮味</a>是西方文化較少知道的味道，但在亞洲飲食有悠久的歷史。鮮味是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="穀氨酸">穀氨酸</a>的味道，尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%B3%E7%B2%BE" title="味精">味精</a>（穀氨酸鈉）是亞洲的一種調味料<sup id="cite_ref-New_Oxford_American_Dictionary_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Oxford_American_Dictionary-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。它的特点是類似肉的丰富味道，<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%91%E9%B1%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="鲑鱼">鲑鱼</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%88%E9%A1%9E" title="蕈類">蕈類</a>的鮮味很濃。肉和其他動物製品都有鮮味。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="商業貿易"><span id=".E5.95.86.E6.A5.AD.E8.B2.BF.E6.98.93"></span>商業貿易</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：商業貿易"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zh-Food_consumption.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Zh-Food_consumption.gif/250px-Zh-Food_consumption.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Zh-Food_consumption.gif/375px-Zh-Food_consumption.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Zh-Food_consumption.gif/500px-Zh-Food_consumption.gif 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>世界各国每天食物消耗的热量（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%B7%AF%E9%87%8C" title="卡路里">卡路里</a>）</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="世界銀行">世界銀行</a>報導歐盟是2005年最重要的食物進口地區，其次是美國和日本。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="第二次世界大戰">第二次世界大戰</a>期間對食物的需求特別明顯，儘管實行食物配給，英國仍然依賴食物進口，這是長期參與<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E6%B5%B7%E6%88%B0_(1939%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1945%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="大西洋海戰 (1939年－1945年)">大西洋戰役</a>的結果。 </p><p>食品在全球範圍內進行交易和銷售。食物的種類和可用性不再受當地種植食物的多樣性或當地生長季節的限制。<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在1961年至1999年期間，全球糧食出口增長了百分之四十。<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>一些國家現在在經濟上依賴食物出口，在某些情況下，這些出口占所有出口的80％以上。<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1994年，在貿易自由化戲劇性增長的情況下，有100多個國家成為“<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%9C%E7%A8%85%E6%9A%A8%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B8%BD%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="關稅暨貿易總協定">關稅暨貿易總協定</a>”<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD%E5%9B%9E%E5%90%88" title="乌拉圭回合">烏拉圭回合</a>的簽署國。這包括在世貿組織在執行農業補貼、關稅、進口配額和解決不能雙邊解決的貿易爭端的基礎上，減少向農民支付的補貼。<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在有爭議的公共衛生和安全理由的基礎上提出貿易壁壘的情況下，世貿組織將爭端提交<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="国际食品法典委员会">國際食品法典委員會</a>，該委員會由<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E7%B3%A7%E9%A3%9F%E5%8F%8A%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國糧食及農業組織">聯合國糧食及農業組織</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界衛生組織">世界衛生組織</a>於1962年成立。貿易自由化極大地影響了世界糧食貿易。<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="食物分類"><span id=".E9.A3.9F.E7.89.A9.E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>食物分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：食物分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-count:3; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li>基本食物</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E5%BC%B7%E5%8C%96%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="營養強化食物（页面不存在）">營養強化食物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E9%A3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="速食">速食</a></li> <li>功能性食物</li> <li>天然食物</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="有機食物">有機食物</a></li> <li>精製食物</li> <li>加工食物</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E9%A3%9F" title="主食">主食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" title="垃圾食品">垃圾食品</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A2%E9%A3%9F%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="慢食運動">慢食運動</a></li> <li>潔淨飲食</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/212568/food">Encyclopædia Britannica definition</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-12-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504040114/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/212568/food">存档</a>于2015-05-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+definition&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F212568%2Ffood&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150504040114/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/212568/food">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGee, 333-334.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGee ,253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McGee9-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McGee9_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGee, Chapter 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGee, Chapter 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGee, Chapter 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davidson, 81-82.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mason</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Messer-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Messer_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Messer, 53-91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mead, 11-19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://innovation.ifeng.com/frontier/detail_2014_10/14/3012578_0.shtml">食品安全问题的美国路径</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-02-04</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520160705/https://innovation.ifeng.com/frontier/detail_2014_10/14/3012578_0.shtml">存档</a>于2021-05-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&rft.btitle=%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%84&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finnovation.ifeng.com%2Ffrontier%2Fdetail_2014_10%2F14%2F3012578_0.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210520160705/http://innovation.ifeng.com/frontier/detail_2014_10/14/3012578_0.shtml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-silhnc-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-silhnc_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mead, 11-19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGee</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Campbell, 312.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGee, 784.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davidson, 660-661.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Department of Agriculture</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.m">[[edicalnewstoday.com/articles/28063.php Evolution of taste receptor may have shaped human sensitivity to toxic compounds</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150313204352/https://m/">存檔</a>，存档日期2015-03-13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/598799.cms">Why does pure water have no taste or colour?</a>. The Times Of India. 2004-04-03 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-12-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151230042140/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/598799.cms">存档</a>于2015-12-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&rft.atitle=Why+does+pure+water+have+no+taste+or+colour%3F&rft.date=2004-04-03&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+Of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Farticleshow%2F598799.cms&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20151230042140/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/598799.cms">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Oxford_American_Dictionary-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_Oxford_American_Dictionary_20-0"><sup><b>20.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Oxford_American_Dictionary_20-1"><sup><b>20.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">New Oxford American Dictionary</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">300倍的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9C%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="甜度（页面不存在）">甜度</a>是來自<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.science.edu.sg/ssc/detailed.jsp?artid=67&type=6&root=3&parent=3&cat=30">subjective evaluations by a panel of test subjects</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090123124043/http://www.science.edu.sg/ssc/detailed.jsp?artid=67&type=6&root=3&parent=3&cat=30">存檔</a>，存档日期2009-01-23.嚐了許多的稀释品，和標準的稀释糖相比對。本條目參考的資料提出甜菊糖甙甜度是糖的250倍，但包括像SweetLeaf等甜菊糖甙品牌，聲稱其甜味是三百倍，1/3至1/2茶匙(1.6–2.5 ml)的甜菊糖甙粉末甜度和一杯（237 ml）糖相當</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">States "having an acid taste like lemon or vinegar: she sampled the wine and found it was sour. (of food, esp. milk) spoiled because of fermentation." New Oxford American Dictionary</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Fe-Ge/Food-Preservatives.html">Food Preservatives - Chemistry Encyclopedia - metal, salt</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-12-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150513045432/http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Fe-Ge/Food-Preservatives.html">存档</a>于2015-05-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&rft.btitle=Food+Preservatives+-+Chemistry+Encyclopedia+-+metal%2C+salt&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chemistryexplained.com%2FFe-Ge%2FFood-Preservatives.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150513045432/http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Fe-Ge/Food-Preservatives.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Economic Research Service of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Agriculture">USDA</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Regmi</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CIA_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CIA World Factbook（页面不存在）">CIA World Factbook</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">World Trade Organization, The Uruguay Round</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Van den Bossche</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="书籍"><span id=".E4.B9.A6.E7.B1.8D"></span>书籍</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：书籍"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Campbell, Bernard Grant. <i>Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations</i>. Aldine Transaction: 1998. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0202020428" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-202-02042-8</a>.</li> <li>Davidson, Alan. <i>The Oxford Companion to Food</i>. 2nd ed. UK: Oxford University Press, 2006.</li> <li>Mason, John. <i>Sustainable Agriculture</i>. Landlinks Press: 2003. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0643068767" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-643-06876-7</a>.</li> <li>McGee, Harold. <i>On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen</i>. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2004. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0684800012" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-684-80001-2</a>.</li> <li>Mead, Margaret.<i> The Changing Significance of Food</i>. In Carole Counihan and Penny Van Esterik (Ed.), Food and Culture: A Reader. UK: Routledge, 1997. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0415917107" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-415-91710-7</a>.</li> <li>Messer, Ellen; Derose, Laurie Fields and Sara Millman. <i>Who's Hungry? and How Do We Know?: Food Shortage, Poverty, and Deprivation</i>. United Nations University Press, 1998. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9280809857" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 92-808-0985-7</a>.</li> <li>United States Department of Agriculture, USDA Economic Research Service: The Economics of Food, Farming, Natural Resources, and Rural America. <i>Briefing Rooms, Food CPI, Prices and Expenditures: Food Expenditure Tables</i>. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141216091002/http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/CPIFoodAndExpenditures/Data/">https://web.archive.org/web/20141216091002/http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/CPIFoodAndExpenditures/Data/</a> on 2007-06-06.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Food" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Food"><span style="font-weight:bold;">食物</span></a></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79074265"><div class="div-col" style="column-count:3; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="现代食品工程">现代食品工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E4%B8%8E%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="食品与生物加工技术">食品与生物加工技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="食品安全">食品安全</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A5%AE%E9%A3%9F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="饮食文化">飲食文化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F" class="mw-disambig" title="飲食">飲食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%AC%E8%8F%9C" title="蔬菜">蔬菜</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%9E%E5%BF%83_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="點心 (消歧義)（页面不存在）">點心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B6%E9%A3%9F" title="零食">零食</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%90%83" title="小吃">小吃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="垃圾食物">垃圾食物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="食品政治">食品政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E5%BF%85%E9%9C%80%E5%93%81" title="民生必需品">民生必需品</a></li></ul> </div> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84365013">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/36px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F" title="Portal:飲食">飲食主題</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Veranotrigo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Veranotrigo.jpg/24px-Veranotrigo.jpg" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Veranotrigo.jpg/36px-Veranotrigo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Veranotrigo.jpg/48px-Veranotrigo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:农业（页面不存在）">农业主題</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:自然资源"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="自然资源" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="自然资源">自然资源</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%B1%82" title="地球大气层">大气</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" title="空氣污染">污染 / 质量</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家环境大气质量标准" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Ambient Air Quality Standards"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家环境大气质量标准（页面不存在）">环境标准<span style="font-size:smaller;">（美国）</span></a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ambient_Air_Quality_Standards" class="extiw" title="en:National Ambient Air Quality Standards"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Ambient Air Quality Standards</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="空气质量指数">指数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A4%E5%85%A7%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA" title="室內空氣品質">室内</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="发展中国家室内空气污染" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Indoor air pollution in developing nations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%A4%E5%86%85%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="发展中国家室内空气污染（页面不存在）">发展中国家</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor_air_pollution_in_developing_nations" class="extiw" title="en:Indoor air pollution in developing nations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Indoor air pollution in developing nations</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="空气质量法律" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Air quality law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空气质量法律（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_quality_law" class="extiw" title="en:Air quality law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Air quality law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美国空气清洁法案" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Clean Air Act (United States)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E6%B8%85%E6%B4%81%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美国空气清洁法案（页面不存在）">空气清洁法案<span style="font-size:smaller;">（美国）</span></a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_Air_Act_(United_States)" class="extiw" title="en:Clean Air Act (United States)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Clean Air Act (United States)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E6%B0%A7%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E6%B4%9E" title="臭氧层空洞">臭氧层空洞</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;">排放</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Airshed" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Airshed"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airshed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airshed（页面不存在）">Airshed</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airshed" class="extiw" title="en:Airshed"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Airshed</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE%E6%9D%83%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93" title="排放权交易">排放权交易</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="减少毁林和森林退化所致排放量" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%8F%E5%B0%91%E6%AF%81%E6%9E%97%E5%92%8C%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E9%80%80%E5%8C%96%E6%89%80%E8%87%B4%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="减少毁林和森林退化所致排放量（页面不存在）">减少毁林和森林退化所致排放量</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reducing_emissions_from_deforestation_and_forest_degradation" class="extiw" title="en:Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carson_Fall_Mt_Kinabalu.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Carson Falls on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo"><img alt="Carson Falls on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Carson_Fall_Mt_Kinabalu.jpg/100px-Carson_Fall_Mt_Kinabalu.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Carson_Fall_Mt_Kinabalu.jpg/150px-Carson_Fall_Mt_Kinabalu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Carson_Fall_Mt_Kinabalu.jpg/200px-Carson_Fall_Mt_Kinabalu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="能源">能源</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="能源法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Energy law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="能源法（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_law" class="extiw" title="en:Energy law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Energy law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世界能源（页面不存在）">资源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3%E7%87%83%E6%96%99" title="化石燃料">化石燃料</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%B3%B0%E5%80%BC" title="石油峰值">哈伯特顶点</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%86%B1%E8%83%BD" title="地熱能">地熱能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B" title="核動力">核能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E8%83%BD" title="太阳能">太阳能</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E5%85%89" title="太阳光">太阳光</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="荫蔽" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shade (shadow)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8D%AB%E8%94%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="荫蔽（页面不存在）">荫蔽</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shade_(shadow)" class="extiw" title="en:Shade (shadow)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shade (shadow)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E8%83%BD" title="潮汐能">潮汐能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%B5%AA%E8%83%BD" title="波浪能">波浪能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E8%83%BD" title="風能">風能</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E5%9C%B0" title="陆地">陆地</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%95%E5%9C%B0" title="耕地">耕地</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="peak farmland" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="peak farmland"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peak_farmland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peak farmland（页面不存在）">peak farmland</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/peak_farmland" class="extiw" title="en:peak farmland"><span lang="en" dir="auto">peak farmland</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%9C%9F%E6%B5%81%E5%A4%B1" title="水土流失">水土流失</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E6%B3%95" title="土地法">法律</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A1%E7%94%A2%E6%B3%95" title="財產法">财产</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="土地管理">管理</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="栖息地保护" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="habitat conservation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%96%E6%81%AF%E5%9C%B0%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="栖息地保护（页面不存在）">栖息地保护</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/habitat_conservation" class="extiw" title="en:habitat conservation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">habitat conservation</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物">礦物</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E7%9F%BF%E4%B8%9A" title="采矿业">采矿</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="采矿法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mining law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%87%E7%9F%BF%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="采矿法（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_law" class="extiw" title="en:Mining law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mining law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E7%A0%82" title="采砂">采沙</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="峰值矿产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peak minerals"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B3%B0%E5%80%BC%E7%9F%BF%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="峰值矿产（页面不存在）">峰值</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_minerals" class="extiw" title="en:Peak minerals"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peak minerals</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="矿产权利" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mineral rights"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%BF%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="矿产权利（页面不存在）">权利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_rights" class="extiw" title="en:Mineral rights"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mineral rights</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="土壤">土壤</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7" title="土壤保護">保护</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E8%82%A5%E5%8A%9B" title="土壤肥力">肥力</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土壤健康" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Soil health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土壤健康（页面不存在）">健康</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_health" class="extiw" title="en:Soil health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soil health</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土壤活力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Soil resilience"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土壤活力（页面不存在）">活力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_resilience" class="extiw" title="en:Soil resilience"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soil resilience</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8" title="土地利用">土地利用</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土地使用规划" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Land-use planning"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土地使用规划（页面不存在）">规划</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land-use_planning" class="extiw" title="en:Land-use planning"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Land-use planning</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放空间保护区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open space reserve"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放空间保护区（页面不存在）">保护区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_space_reserve" class="extiw" title="en:Open space reserve"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open space reserve</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="生命">生命</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A3%E6%80%A7" title="生物多樣性">生物多樣性</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物勘探" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bioprospecting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8B%98%E6%8E%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物勘探（页面不存在）">生物勘探</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioprospecting" class="extiw" title="en:Bioprospecting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bioprospecting</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%88" title="生物圈">生物圈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A2%E6%9E%97%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="叢林食物">丛林食物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9B%E6%9E%97%E8%82%89" title="丛林肉">丛林肉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%94%E4%B8%9A" title="渔业">渔业</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="渔业法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fisheries law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%94%E4%B8%9A%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="渔业法（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisheries_law" class="extiw" title="en:Fisheries law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fisheries law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="漁業管理">管理</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">食物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97" title="森林">森林</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="森林基因资源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Forest genetic resources"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="森林基因资源（页面不存在）">基因资源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_genetic_resources" class="extiw" title="en:Forest genetic resources"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Forest genetic resources</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="森林法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Forestry law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="森林法（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forestry_law" class="extiw" title="en:Forestry law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Forestry law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E7%B6%93%E7%87%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="森林經營學">管理</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%B5%E7%89%A9" title="獵物">狩猎</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="狩猎法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Game law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8B%A9%E7%8C%8E%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="狩猎法（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_law" class="extiw" title="en:Game law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Game law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GenBank" title="GenBank">基因银行</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="List of plants used in herbalism" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of plants used in herbalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of plants used in herbalism（页面不存在）">Herbalist plants</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism" class="extiw" title="en:List of plants used in herbalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of plants used in herbalism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="海洋保护" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Marine conservation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海洋保护（页面不存在）">海洋保护</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_conservation" class="extiw" title="en:Marine conservation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Marine conservation</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="非木质林产品" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Non-timber forest product"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%9C%A8%E8%B4%A8%E6%9E%97%E4%BA%A7%E5%93%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非木质林产品（页面不存在）">非木质林产品</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-timber_forest_product" class="extiw" title="en:Non-timber forest product"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Non-timber forest product</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E5%9C%B0" title="牧地">牧地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%AB" title="種子庫">種子庫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="野生动物">野生生物</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4" title="野生生物保护">保护</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="野生生物管理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wildlife management"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="野生生物管理（页面不存在）">管理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_management" class="extiw" title="en:Wildlife management"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wildlife management</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%9D%90" title="木材">木材</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;">种类/位置</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%AB%E6%B0%B4%E5%B1%82" title="含水层">含水层</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="含水层储水与恢复" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aquifer storage and recovery"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%AB%E6%B0%B4%E5%B1%82%E5%82%A8%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="含水层储水与恢复（页面不存在）">储水与恢复</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer_storage_and_recovery" class="extiw" title="en:Aquifer storage and recovery"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aquifer storage and recovery</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A5%AE%E7%94%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="饮用水">饮用</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A1%E6%B0%B4" title="淡水">淡水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="地下水">地下水</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" title="地下水污染">污染</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4%E8%A3%9C%E7%B5%A6" title="地下水補給">补给</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地下水治理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Groundwater remediation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地下水治理（页面不存在）">治理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_remediation" class="extiw" title="en:Groundwater remediation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Groundwater remediation</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%9C%88" title="水圈">水圈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0" title="冰">冰</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="冰山">冰山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B7%9D" title="冰川">冰川</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="极地冰盖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polar ice cap"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%86%B0%E7%9B%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="极地冰盖（页面不存在）">极地</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_ice_cap" class="extiw" title="en:Polar ice cap"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polar ice cap</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%8C%E6%BA%89" title="灌溉">灌溉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8" title="雨">雨</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E6%B0%B4%E6%92%B2%E6%BB%BF" title="雨水撲滿">雨水收集</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="暴雨水" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stormwater"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9A%B4%E9%9B%A8%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="暴雨水（页面不存在）">暴雨水</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormwater" class="extiw" title="en:Stormwater"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stormwater</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="地表水">地表水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A2%E6%B0%B4" title="廢水">廢水</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%B0%B4" title="中水">中水</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;">其他方面</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B7%A1%E5%8C%96" title="海水淡化">海水淡化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4" title="洪水">洪水</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水资源法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Water law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水资源法（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_law" class="extiw" title="en:Water law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Water law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Leaching (agriculture)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Leaching (agriculture)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leaching_(agriculture)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leaching (agriculture)（页面不存在）">Leaching</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaching_(agriculture)" class="extiw" title="en:Leaching (agriculture)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Leaching (agriculture)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Sanitation" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sanitation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanitation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanitation（页面不存在）">Sanitation</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitation" class="extiw" title="en:Sanitation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sanitation</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水资源冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Water conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水资源冲突（页面不存在）">冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Water conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Water conflict</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80%E6%B0%B4" title="節水">節水</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="峰值水" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peak water"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B3%B0%E5%80%BC%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="峰值水（页面不存在）">峰值水</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_water" class="extiw" title="en:Peak water"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peak water</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" title="水污染">污染</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水务民营化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Water privatization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%A1%E6%B0%91%E8%90%A5%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水务民营化（页面不存在）">民营化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_privatization" class="extiw" title="en:Water privatization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Water privatization</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%B3%AA" title="水質">水質</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%AC%8A" title="水權">水权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="水资源">资源</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="水管理">管理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水资源政策" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Water resource policy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水资源政策（页面不存在）">政策</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_resource_policy" class="extiw" title="en:Water resource policy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Water resource policy</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相关</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公地" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Commons"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公地（页面不存在）">公地</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commons" class="extiw" title="en:Commons"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Commons</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="圈地运动">圈地</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球公地" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Global commons"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球公地（页面不存在）">全球公地</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_commons" class="extiw" title="en:Global commons"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Global commons</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公有土地" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Common land"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%89%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公有土地（页面不存在）">公有土地</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_land" class="extiw" title="en:Common land"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Common land</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%B0%E6%82%B2%E5%8A%87" title="公地悲劇">悲剧</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自然资源经济" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Natural resource economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自然资源经济（页面不存在）">经济</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_resource_economics" class="extiw" title="en:Natural resource economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Natural resource economics</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="生態經濟學">生态</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0_(%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8)" title="土地 (經濟學)">土地</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99" title="生態系統服務">生態系統服務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E9%96%8B%E6%8E%A1" title="自然資源開採">开采</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC" title="過度開發">過度開發</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%B6%85%E8%BD%BD%E6%97%A5" title="地球超载日">地球超载日</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="自然資源管理">管理</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="适应性管理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Adaptive management"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E6%80%A7%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="适应性管理（页面不存在）">适应性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_management" class="extiw" title="en:Adaptive management"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Adaptive management</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B3%87%E7%94%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="自然資產">自然资产</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自然资产会计" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Natural capital accounting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B5%84%E4%BA%A7%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自然资产会计（页面不存在）">会计</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_capital_accounting" class="extiw" title="en:Natural capital accounting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Natural capital accounting</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8C%BA" title="自然保护区">自然保护区</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="系统生态" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Systems ecology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="系统生态（页面不存在）">系统生态</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_ecology" class="extiw" title="en:Systems ecology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Systems ecology</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E5%AD%B8" title="都市生態學">都市生態學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E9%87%8E" title="原野">原野</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="资源">资源</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共池塘资源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Common-pool resource"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%B1%A0%E5%A1%98%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共池塘资源（页面不存在）">公共池塘资源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common-pool_resource" class="extiw" title="en:Common-pool resource"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Common-pool resource</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="衝突資源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Conflict resource"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="衝突資源（页面不存在）">衝突資源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a 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