CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Help:IPA/Northern Thai - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"9c4f8658-f437-49c7-9c68-43b079fedef6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"Help","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":12,"wgPageName":"Help:IPA/Northern_Thai","wgTitle":"IPA/Northern Thai","wgCurRevisionId":1254522575,"wgRevisionId":1254522575,"wgArticleId":41480761,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with plain IPA","International Phonetic Alphabet help"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Help:IPA/Northern_Thai","wgRelevantArticleId":41480761,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}}, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgDiscussionToolsFeaturesEnabled":{"replytool":true,"newtopictool":true,"sourcemodetoolbar":true,"topicsubscription":false,"autotopicsub":false,"visualenhancements":false,"visualenhancements_reply":false,"visualenhancements_pageframe":false},"wgDiscussionToolsFallbackEditMode":"source","wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q18289484","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList", "mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.discussionTools.init.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.discussionTools.init","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.discussionTools.init.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.indicators%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Help:IPA/Northern Thai - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="ext-discussiontools-replytool-enabled ext-discussiontools-newtopictool-enabled ext-discussiontools-sourcemodetoolbar-enabled skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-12 ns-subject mw-editable page-Help_IPA_Northern_Thai rootpage-Help_IPA skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Help%3AIPA%2FNorthern+Thai" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Help%3AIPA%2FNorthern+Thai" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Help%3AIPA%2FNorthern+Thai" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Help%3AIPA%2FNorthern+Thai" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Help</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">IPA/Northern Thai</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 2 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-2" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">2 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے شمالی تھائی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے شمالی تھائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E5%8C%97%E6%B3%B0%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:北泰語國際音標 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Help:北泰語國際音標" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18289484#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-help" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai" title="View the help page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Help page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help_talk:IPA/Northern_Thai" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&oldid=1254522575" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHelp%3AIPA%2FNorthern_Thai"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHelp%3AIPA%2FNorthern_Thai"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Help%3AIPA%2FNorthern_Thai&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18289484" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a></bdi></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/30px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/45px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/60px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="100"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">pronunciation key</a> for <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> transcriptions of Northern Thai on Wikipedia.</b><div style="font-size: 90%;">It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Northern Thai in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Help_talk:IPA/Northern_Thai" title="Help talk:IPA/Northern Thai">talk page</a> first.</div><div style="font-size: 90%;">For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><div style="white-space: nowrap;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="H:IPA-NOD"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H:IPA-NOD&redirect=no">H:IPA-NOD</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Northern Thai</div> <p>The charts below show the way in which the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</a> represents <a href="/wiki/Northern_Thai_language" title="Northern Thai language">Northern Thai language</a> pronunciations. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see <a href="/wiki/Template:IPA" title="Template:IPA">Template:IPA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation#Entering_IPA_characters" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters</a>. </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Consonant" title="Consonant">Consonants</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Thai_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai alphabet">Thai alphabet</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Tai_Tham_script" title="Tai Tham script">Tai Tham</a></th> <th>English approximation </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> บ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-23.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lanna-23.png/20px-Lanna-23.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lanna-23.png/30px-Lanna-23.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lanna-23.png/40px-Lanna-23.png 2x" data-file-width="42" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">a<b>b</b>ash </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar plosive">d</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ฎ, ด </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-17.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lanna-17.png/20px-Lanna-17.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lanna-17.png/30px-Lanna-17.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lanna-17.png/40px-Lanna-17.png 2x" data-file-width="46" data-file-height="51"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">a<b>d</b>o </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ฝ, ฟ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-26.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Lanna-26.png/20px-Lanna-26.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Lanna-26.png/30px-Lanna-26.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Lanna-26.png/40px-Lanna-26.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="60"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-28.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lanna-28.png/20px-Lanna-28.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lanna-28.png/30px-Lanna-28.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lanna-28.png/40px-Lanna-28.png 2x" data-file-width="49" data-file-height="61"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>f</b>ood </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_glottal_fricative" title="Voiceless glottal fricative">h</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ห, ฮ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-38.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lanna-38.png/20px-Lanna-38.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lanna-38.png/30px-Lanna-38.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lanna-38.png/40px-Lanna-38.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-32.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/20px-Lanna-32.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/30px-Lanna-32.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/40px-Lanna-32.png 2x" data-file-width="46" data-file-height="32"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-41.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lanna-41.png/20px-Lanna-41.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lanna-41.png/30px-Lanna-41.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lanna-41.png/40px-Lanna-41.png 2x" data-file-width="46" data-file-height="59"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>h</b>ead </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_approximant" title="Voiced palatal approximant">j</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ย, อย, หย </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lanna-44.png/20px-Lanna-44.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lanna-44.png/30px-Lanna-44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lanna-44.png/40px-Lanna-44.png 2x" data-file-width="57" data-file-height="52"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>y</b>ak </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ก </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Lanna-1.png/20px-Lanna-1.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Lanna-1.png/30px-Lanna-1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Lanna-1.png/40px-Lanna-1.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="30"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-4.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Lanna-4.png/20px-Lanna-4.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Lanna-4.png/30px-Lanna-4.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Lanna-4.png/40px-Lanna-4.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">s<b>c</b>an </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">kʰ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ข, ฃ, ค, ฅ, ฆ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lanna-2.png/20px-Lanna-2.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lanna-2.png/30px-Lanna-2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lanna-2.png/40px-Lanna-2.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="48"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lanna-3.png/20px-Lanna-3.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lanna-3.png/30px-Lanna-3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lanna-3.png/40px-Lanna-3.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="79"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lanna-5.png/20px-Lanna-5.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lanna-5.png/30px-Lanna-5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lanna-5.png/40px-Lanna-5.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="60"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-6.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-6.png/20px-Lanna-6.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-6.png/30px-Lanna-6.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-6.png/40px-Lanna-6.png 2x" data-file-width="55" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>c</b>ar </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral approximant">l</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ล, ฬ, หล</big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-33.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Lanna-33.png/20px-Lanna-33.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Lanna-33.png/30px-Lanna-33.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Lanna-33.png/40px-Lanna-33.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="31"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-32.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/20px-Lanna-32.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/30px-Lanna-32.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/40px-Lanna-32.png 2x" data-file-width="46" data-file-height="32"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-39.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Lanna-39.png/20px-Lanna-39.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Lanna-39.png/30px-Lanna-39.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Lanna-39.png/40px-Lanna-39.png 2x" data-file-width="42" data-file-height="59"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>l</b>eaf </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_nasal" title="Voiced bilabial nasal">m</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ม, หม</big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-30.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Lanna-30.png/20px-Lanna-30.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Lanna-30.png/30px-Lanna-30.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Lanna-30.png/40px-Lanna-30.png 2x" data-file-width="42" data-file-height="36"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>m</b>uch </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar nasal">n</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ณ, น, หน </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-16.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lanna-16.png/20px-Lanna-16.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lanna-16.png/30px-Lanna-16.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lanna-16.png/40px-Lanna-16.png 2x" data-file-width="51" data-file-height="30"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-22.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lanna-22.png/20px-Lanna-22.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lanna-22.png/30px-Lanna-22.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lanna-22.png/40px-Lanna-22.png 2x" data-file-width="46" data-file-height="53"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>n</b>ot </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ง, หง</big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-7.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lanna-7.png/20px-Lanna-7.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lanna-7.png/30px-Lanna-7.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lanna-7.png/40px-Lanna-7.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="35"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">ba<b>ng</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ญ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-13.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Lanna-13.png/20px-Lanna-13.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Lanna-13.png/30px-Lanna-13.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Lanna-13.png/40px-Lanna-13.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="59"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-31.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Lanna-31.png/20px-Lanna-31.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Lanna-31.png/30px-Lanna-31.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Lanna-31.png/40px-Lanna-31.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">ca<b>ny</b>on </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ป </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-24.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Lanna-24.png/20px-Lanna-24.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Lanna-24.png/30px-Lanna-24.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Lanna-24.png/40px-Lanna-24.png 2x" data-file-width="49" data-file-height="58"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-27.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Lanna-27.png/20px-Lanna-27.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Lanna-27.png/30px-Lanna-27.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Lanna-27.png/40px-Lanna-27.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">s<b>p</b>an </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">pʰ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ผ, พ, ภ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-25.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Lanna-25.png/20px-Lanna-25.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Lanna-25.png/30px-Lanna-25.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Lanna-25.png/40px-Lanna-25.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-29.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Lanna-29.png/20px-Lanna-29.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Lanna-29.png/30px-Lanna-29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Lanna-29.png/40px-Lanna-29.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="39"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>p</b>an </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar trill">r</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ร, หร</big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-32.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/20px-Lanna-32.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/30px-Lanna-32.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lanna-32.png/40px-Lanna-32.png 2x" data-file-width="46" data-file-height="32"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">Trilled <b>r</b>ight </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ฉ, ช, ฌ, ซ, ศ, ษ, ส </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-9.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-9.png/20px-Lanna-9.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-9.png/30px-Lanna-9.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Lanna-9.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-11.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Lanna-11.png/20px-Lanna-11.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Lanna-11.png/30px-Lanna-11.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Lanna-11.png/40px-Lanna-11.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="77"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-12.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lanna-12.png/20px-Lanna-12.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lanna-12.png/30px-Lanna-12.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Lanna-12.png/40px-Lanna-12.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="46"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-35.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lanna-35.png/20px-Lanna-35.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lanna-35.png/30px-Lanna-35.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lanna-35.png/40px-Lanna-35.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="34"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-36.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Lanna-36.png/20px-Lanna-36.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Lanna-36.png/30px-Lanna-36.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Lanna-36.png/40px-Lanna-36.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="40"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-37.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Lanna-37.png/20px-Lanna-37.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Lanna-37.png/30px-Lanna-37.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Lanna-37.png/40px-Lanna-37.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="30"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>s</b>ue </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive">t</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ฏ, ต </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-14.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Lanna-14.png/20px-Lanna-14.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Lanna-14.png/30px-Lanna-14.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Lanna-14.png/40px-Lanna-14.png 2x" data-file-width="41" data-file-height="31"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-18.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Lanna-18.png/20px-Lanna-18.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Lanna-18.png/30px-Lanna-18.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Lanna-18.png/40px-Lanna-18.png 2x" data-file-width="49" data-file-height="30"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-20.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Lanna-20.png/20px-Lanna-20.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Lanna-20.png/30px-Lanna-20.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Lanna-20.png/40px-Lanna-20.png 2x" data-file-width="41" data-file-height="30"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">s<b>t</b>able </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">tʰ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ฐ, ฑ, ฒ, ถ, ท, ธ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-15.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lanna-15.png/20px-Lanna-15.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lanna-15.png/30px-Lanna-15.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lanna-15.png/40px-Lanna-15.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="59"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-15-5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Lanna-15-5.png/20px-Lanna-15-5.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Lanna-15-5.png/30px-Lanna-15-5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Lanna-15-5.png/40px-Lanna-15-5.png 2x" data-file-width="49" data-file-height="30"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-19.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lanna-19.png/20px-Lanna-19.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lanna-19.png/30px-Lanna-19.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lanna-19.png/40px-Lanna-19.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="31"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-21.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Lanna-21.png/20px-Lanna-21.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Lanna-21.png/30px-Lanna-21.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Lanna-21.png/40px-Lanna-21.png 2x" data-file-width="41" data-file-height="30"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>t</b>able </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate">tɕ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> จ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-8.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Lanna-8.png/20px-Lanna-8.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Lanna-8.png/30px-Lanna-8.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Lanna-8.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="30"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-10.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Lanna-10.png/20px-Lanna-10.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Lanna-10.png/30px-Lanna-10.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Lanna-10.png/40px-Lanna-10.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="46"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">ques<b>t</b>ion </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ว, หว </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-34.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Lanna-34.png/20px-Lanna-34.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Lanna-34.png/30px-Lanna-34.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Lanna-34.png 2x" data-file-width="38" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>w</b>ay </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_fricative" title="Voiceless velar fricative">x</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><big> ข, ฃ, ค, ฅ, ฆ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lanna-2.png/20px-Lanna-2.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lanna-2.png/30px-Lanna-2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lanna-2.png/40px-Lanna-2.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="48"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lanna-3.png/20px-Lanna-3.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lanna-3.png/30px-Lanna-3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lanna-3.png/40px-Lanna-3.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="79"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lanna-5.png/20px-Lanna-5.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lanna-5.png/30px-Lanna-5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lanna-5.png/40px-Lanna-5.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="60"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-6.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-6.png/20px-Lanna-6.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-6.png/30px-Lanna-6.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-6.png/40px-Lanna-6.png 2x" data-file-width="55" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_English" title="Scottish English">Scottish</a> lo<b>ch</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> อ, ะ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-40.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lanna-40.png/20px-Lanna-40.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lanna-40.png/30px-Lanna-40.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lanna-40.png/40px-Lanna-40.png 2x" data-file-width="41" data-file-height="39"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">the catch in <i>uh<b>-</b>oh</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="border-left: #fff solid 1px; border-right: #fff solid 1px"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Tone_(linguistics)" title="Tone (linguistics)">Tones</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th colspan="3">Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">aː</span></big> = <big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">āː</span></big> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;">mid <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˧]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">àː</span></big> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;">low falling <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˨˩]</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˩]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">âː</span></big> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;">high falling <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˥˩]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">a᷇ː</span></big> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;">high-mid falling <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˥˧]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">áː</span></big> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;">high rising <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˦˥]</span> or<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˥]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǎː</span></big> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;">low rising <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aː˨˥]</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Vowel" title="Vowel">Vowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Thai_Alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai Alphabet">Thai Alphabet</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Tai_Tham_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tai Tham alphabet">Tai Tham script</a></th> <th>English approximation </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">Short vowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Open central unrounded vowel">a</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ะ, ◌ั◌ </big></td> <td><big> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-sat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/20px-Lanna-sat.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/30px-Lanna-sat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/40px-Lanna-sat.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="311"/></a></span> </big></td> <td style="text-align:left;">c<b>a</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌ะ, เ◌็◌ </big></td> <td><big> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span>◌<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-sat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/20px-Lanna-sat.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/30px-Lanna-sat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/40px-Lanna-sat.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="311"/></a></span> </big></td> <td style="text-align:left;">roughly like s<b>ay</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> แ◌ะ, แ◌็◌ </big></td> <td><big> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ae.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/20px-Lanna-ae.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/30px-Lanna-ae.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/40px-Lanna-ae.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="132"/></a></span>◌<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ae.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/20px-Lanna-ae.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/30px-Lanna-ae.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/40px-Lanna-ae.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="132"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-sat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/20px-Lanna-sat.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/30px-Lanna-sat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/40px-Lanna-sat.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="311"/></a></span> </big></td> <td style="text-align:left;">roughly like b<b>e</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ิ, ◌ิ◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-i.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Lanna-i.png/20px-Lanna-i.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Lanna-i.png/30px-Lanna-i.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Lanna-i.png/40px-Lanna-i.png 2x" data-file-width="116" data-file-height="235"/></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-Pali-i.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-Pali-i.png/20px-Lanna-Pali-i.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-Pali-i.png/30px-Lanna-Pali-i.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-Pali-i.png/40px-Lanna-Pali-i.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="249"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">happ<b>y</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">o</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> โ◌ะ, ◌◌ </big></td> <td><big> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-o.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/20px-Lanna-o.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/30px-Lanna-o.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/40px-Lanna-o.png 2x" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="237"/></a></span>◌<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-kong.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Lanna-kong.png/10px-Lanna-kong.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Lanna-kong.png/15px-Lanna-kong.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Lanna-kong.png/20px-Lanna-kong.png 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="191"/></a></span></big></td> <td style="text-align:left;">st<b>o</b>ry </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back rounded vowel">ɔ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌าะ, ◌็อ◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-o.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/20px-Lanna-o.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/30px-Lanna-o.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/40px-Lanna-o.png 2x" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="237"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-or-in.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lanna-or-in.png/20px-Lanna-or-in.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lanna-or-in.png/30px-Lanna-or-in.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lanna-or-in.png/40px-Lanna-or-in.png 2x" data-file-width="181" data-file-height="283"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>o</b>ff </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">u</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ุ, ◌ุ◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-u.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-u.png/20px-Lanna-u.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-u.png/30px-Lanna-u.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lanna-u.png/40px-Lanna-u.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="232"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-Pali-u.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Lanna-Pali-u.png/20px-Lanna-Pali-u.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Lanna-Pali-u.png/30px-Lanna-Pali-u.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Lanna-Pali-u.png/40px-Lanna-Pali-u.png 2x" data-file-width="215" data-file-height="259"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">f<b>oo</b>l (shorter) </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Close back unrounded vowel">ɯ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ึ, ◌ึ◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ue.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lanna-ue.png/20px-Lanna-ue.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lanna-ue.png/30px-Lanna-ue.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lanna-ue.png/40px-Lanna-ue.png 2x" data-file-width="121" data-file-height="235"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">g<b>oo</b>d </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back unrounded vowel">ɤ</a></span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌อะ </big></td> <td><big><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-oe-in.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/20px-Lanna-oe-in.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/30px-Lanna-oe-in.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/40px-Lanna-oe-in.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="316"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span> </big></td> <td style="text-align:left;">roughly like h<b>ur</b>t (shorter) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">Long vowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">aː</span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌า, ◌า◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lanna-aa.png/10px-Lanna-aa.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lanna-aa.png/15px-Lanna-aa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lanna-aa.png/20px-Lanna-aa.png 2x" data-file-width="117" data-file-height="136"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aa-luang.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Lanna-aa-luang.png/20px-Lanna-aa-luang.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Lanna-aa-luang.png/30px-Lanna-aa-luang.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Lanna-aa-luang.png/40px-Lanna-aa-luang.png 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="271"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">br<b>a</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">eː</span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌, เ◌◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span>◌,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-Pali-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lanna-Pali-e.png/20px-Lanna-Pali-e.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lanna-Pali-e.png/30px-Lanna-Pali-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lanna-Pali-e.png/40px-Lanna-Pali-e.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="255"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">pl<b>ay</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɛː</span></big> </td> <td><big> แ◌, แ◌◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ae.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/20px-Lanna-ae.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/30px-Lanna-ae.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lanna-ae.png/40px-Lanna-ae.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="132"/></a></span>◌</td> <td style="text-align:left;">f<b>ai</b>ry </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">iː</span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ี, ◌ี◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ii.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lanna-ii.png/20px-Lanna-ii.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lanna-ii.png/30px-Lanna-ii.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lanna-ii.png/40px-Lanna-ii.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="235"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">gr<b>ee</b>n </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">oː</span></big> </td> <td><big> โ◌, โ◌◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-o.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/20px-Lanna-o.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/30px-Lanna-o.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/40px-Lanna-o.png 2x" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="237"/></a></span>◌,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-o.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/20px-Lanna-o.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/30px-Lanna-o.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lanna-o.png/40px-Lanna-o.png 2x" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="237"/></a></span>◌<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lanna-aa.png/10px-Lanna-aa.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lanna-aa.png/15px-Lanna-aa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lanna-aa.png/20px-Lanna-aa.png 2x" data-file-width="117" data-file-height="136"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">st<b>o</b>ry </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɔː</span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌อ, ◌อ◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ang.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lanna-ang.png/10px-Lanna-ang.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lanna-ang.png/15px-Lanna-ang.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lanna-ang.png/20px-Lanna-ang.png 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="200"/></a></span>,<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-or-in.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lanna-or-in.png/20px-Lanna-or-in.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lanna-or-in.png/30px-Lanna-or-in.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lanna-or-in.png/40px-Lanna-or-in.png 2x" data-file-width="181" data-file-height="283"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">d<b>o</b>g </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">uː</span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ู, ◌ู, </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-uu.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lanna-uu.png/20px-Lanna-uu.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lanna-uu.png/30px-Lanna-uu.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lanna-uu.png/40px-Lanna-uu.png 2x" data-file-width="238" data-file-height="242"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">f<b>oo</b>l </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɯː</span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ือ, ◌ื◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ueue.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Lanna-ueue.png/20px-Lanna-ueue.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Lanna-ueue.png/30px-Lanna-ueue.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Lanna-ueue.png/40px-Lanna-ueue.png 2x" data-file-width="157" data-file-height="234"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">g<b>oo</b>d (longer) </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɤː</span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌อ, เ◌ิ◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-oe-in.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/20px-Lanna-oe-in.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/30px-Lanna-oe-in.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/40px-Lanna-oe-in.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="316"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">roughly like f<b>u</b>r </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Diphthong" title="Diphthong">Diphthongs</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">iaʔ,<span class="wrap"> </span>iəʔ</span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌ียะ </big></td> <td><big> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-sat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/20px-Lanna-sat.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/30px-Lanna-sat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/40px-Lanna-sat.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="311"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-yy.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Lanna-yy.png/20px-Lanna-yy.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Lanna-yy.png/30px-Lanna-yy.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Lanna-yy.png/40px-Lanna-yy.png 2x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="221"/></a></span> </big></td> <td style="text-align:left;">No English equivalent </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ia,<span class="wrap"> </span>iə</span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌ีย, เ◌ีย◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-sat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/20px-Lanna-sat.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/30px-Lanna-sat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lanna-sat.png/40px-Lanna-sat.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="311"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-medial-y.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Lanna-medial-y.png/20px-Lanna-medial-y.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Lanna-medial-y.png/30px-Lanna-medial-y.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Lanna-medial-y.png/40px-Lanna-medial-y.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="219"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">id<b>ea</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">uaʔ,<span class="wrap"> </span>uəʔ</span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ัวะ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ua.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Lanna-ua.png/20px-Lanna-ua.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Lanna-ua.png/30px-Lanna-ua.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Lanna-ua.png/40px-Lanna-ua.png 2x" data-file-width="117" data-file-height="286"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">No English equivalent </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ua,<span class="wrap"> </span>uə</span></big> </td> <td><big> ◌ัว, ◌ว◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-ua.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Lanna-ua.png/20px-Lanna-ua.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Lanna-ua.png/30px-Lanna-ua.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Lanna-ua.png/40px-Lanna-ua.png 2x" data-file-width="117" data-file-height="286"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">p<b>oor</b> (British English) </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɯaʔ,<span class="wrap"> </span>ɯəʔ</span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌ือะ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-oe-in.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/20px-Lanna-oe-in.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/30px-Lanna-oe-in.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/40px-Lanna-oe-in.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="316"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-aq.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/10px-Lanna-aq.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/15px-Lanna-aq.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Lanna-aq.png/20px-Lanna-aq.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="120"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">No English equivalent </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɯa,<span class="wrap"> </span>ɯə</span></big> </td> <td><big> เ◌ือ, เ◌ือ◌ </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/10px-Lanna-e.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/15px-Lanna-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lanna-e.png/20px-Lanna-e.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="133"/></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanna-oe-in.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/20px-Lanna-oe-in.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/30px-Lanna-oe-in.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Lanna-oe-in.png/40px-Lanna-oe-in.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="316"/></a></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;">No English equivalent </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allophone in some dialects.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vowels diacritics are shown on a dotted circle "◌".</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Northern_Thai_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Northern Thai IPA">Category:Pages with Northern Thai IPA</a> (70)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_keys" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_keys" title="Template:IPA keys"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IPA_keys" title="Template talk:IPA keys"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IPA_keys" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IPA keys"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_keys" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> keys</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Adyghe" title="Help:IPA/Adyghe">Adyghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Afrikaans" title="Help:IPA/Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Albanian" title="Help:IPA/Albanian">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Amharic" title="Help:IPA/Amharic">Amharic</a></li> <li>Arabic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">Modern Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Egyptian_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Egyptian Arabic">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hejazi_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Hejazi Arabic">Hejazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lebanese_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Lebanese Arabic">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tunisian_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Tunisian Arabic">Tunisian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Armenian" title="Help:IPA/Armenian">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Assamese" title="Help:IPA/Assamese">Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese" title="Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Australian_languages" title="Help:IPA/Australian languages">Australian languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Azerbaijani" title="Help:IPA/Azerbaijani">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Basque" title="Help:IPA/Basque">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Belarusian" title="Help:IPA/Belarusian">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bengali" title="Help:IPA/Bengali">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Berber" title="Help:IPA/Berber">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Breton" title="Help:IPA/Breton">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bulgarian" title="Help:IPA/Bulgarian">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese" title="Help:IPA/Burmese">Burmese</a></li> <li>Catalan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Catalan" title="Help:IPA/Catalan">Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Insular_Catalan" title="Help:IPA/Insular Catalan">Insular</a></li></ul></li> <li>Chinese <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Help:IPA/Taiwanese Hokkien">Hokkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Jin_Chinese" title="Help:IPA/Jin Chinese">Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Wu_Chinese" title="Help:IPA/Wu Chinese">Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Xiang_Chinese" title="Help:IPA/Xiang Chinese">Xiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Corsican" title="Help:IPA/Corsican">Corsican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Czech" title="Help:IPA/Czech">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Danish" title="Help:IPA/Danish">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Persian" title="Help:IPA/Persian">Dari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">English</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Old_English" title="Help:IPA/Old English">Old English</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol" title="Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol">Emilian-Romagnol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Esperanto" title="Help:IPA/Esperanto">Esperanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Estonian" title="Help:IPA/Estonian">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese" title="Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese">Extremaduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Fijian" title="Help:IPA/Fijian">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Finnish" title="Help:IPA/Finnish">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Franco-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Help:IPA/Franco-Provençal">Franco-Provençal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Galician" title="Help:IPA/Galician">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Georgian" title="Help:IPA/Georgian">Georgian</a></li> <li>German <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Alemannic_German" title="Help:IPA/Alemannic German">Alemannic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Colognian" title="Help:IPA/Colognian">Colognian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greenlandic" title="Help:IPA/Greenlandic">Greenlandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Gujarati" title="Help:IPA/Gujarati">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Haitian_Creole" title="Help:IPA/Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hawaiian" title="Help:IPA/Hawaiian">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hebrew" title="Help:IPA/Hebrew">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hmong" title="Help:IPA/Hmong">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hungarian" title="Help:IPA/Hungarian">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Icelandic" title="Help:IPA/Icelandic">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Igbo" title="Help:IPA/Igbo">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malay" title="Help:IPA/Malay">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Inuktitut" title="Help:IPA/Inuktitut">Inuktitut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Inupiaq" title="Help:IPA/Inupiaq">Inupiaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lao" title="Help:IPA/Lao">Isan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Central_Italian" title="Help:IPA/Central Italian">Central</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Kazakh" title="Help:IPA/Kazakh">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Khmer" title="Help:IPA/Khmer">Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Korean" title="Help:IPA/Korean">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Kurdish" title="Help:IPA/Kurdish">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Kyrgyz" title="Help:IPA/Kyrgyz">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lakota" title="Help:IPA/Lakota">Lakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lao" title="Help:IPA/Lao">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Latin" title="Help:IPA/Latin">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Latvian" title="Help:IPA/Latvian">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ligurian" title="Help:IPA/Ligurian">Ligurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lithuanian" title="Help:IPA/Lithuanian">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lombard" title="Help:IPA/Lombard">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Luxembourgish" title="Help:IPA/Luxembourgish">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Macedonian" title="Help:IPA/Macedonian">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malagasy" title="Help:IPA/Malagasy">Malagasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malay" title="Help:IPA/Malay">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malayalam" title="Help:IPA/Malayalam">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Maltese" title="Help:IPA/Maltese">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Manx" title="Help:IPA/Manx">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/M%C4%81ori" title="Help:IPA/Māori">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Marathi" title="Help:IPA/Marathi">Marathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Marshallese" title="Help:IPA/Marshallese">Marshallese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mauritian_Creole" title="Help:IPA/Mauritian Creole">Mauritian Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mayan" title="Help:IPA/Mayan">Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mongolian" title="Help:IPA/Mongolian">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese" title="Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese">Mirandese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nahuatl" title="Help:IPA/Nahuatl">Nahuatl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Navajo" title="Help:IPA/Navajo">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Neapolitan" title="Help:IPA/Neapolitan">Neapolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nepali" title="Help:IPA/Nepali">Nepali</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Northern Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Norwegian" title="Help:IPA/Norwegian">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Occitan" title="Help:IPA/Occitan">Occitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Odia" title="Help:IPA/Odia">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Pashto" title="Help:IPA/Pashto">Pashto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Persian" title="Help:IPA/Persian">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Piedmontese" title="Help:IPA/Piedmontese">Piedmontese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Punjabi" title="Help:IPA/Punjabi">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Quechua" title="Help:IPA/Quechua">Quechua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian" title="Help:IPA/Romanian">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Romansh" title="Help:IPA/Romansh">Romansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sanskrit" title="Help:IPA/Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sardinian" title="Help:IPA/Sardinian">Sardinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Help:IPA/Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian" title="Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Shan_and_Tai_Lue" title="Help:IPA/Shan and Tai Lue">Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sicilian" title="Help:IPA/Sicilian">Sicilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Slovak" title="Help:IPA/Slovak">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Slovene" title="Help:IPA/Slovene">Slovene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sorbian" title="Help:IPA/Sorbian">Sorbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swahili" title="Help:IPA/Swahili">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nguni" title="Help:IPA/Nguni">Swazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swedish" title="Help:IPA/Swedish">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sylheti" title="Help:IPA/Sylheti">Sylheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tagalog" title="Help:IPA/Tagalog">Tagalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Shan_and_Tai_Lue" title="Help:IPA/Shan and Tai Lue">Tai Lue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Persian" title="Help:IPA/Persian">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tamil" title="Help:IPA/Tamil">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tatar" title="Help:IPA/Tatar">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Telugu" title="Help:IPA/Telugu">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Thai" title="Help:IPA/Thai">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tibetan" title="Help:IPA/Tibetan">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tigrinya" title="Help:IPA/Tigrinya">Tigrinya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Turkish" title="Help:IPA/Turkish">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Turkmen" title="Help:IPA/Turkmen">Turkmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian" title="Help:IPA/Ukrainian">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">Urdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Uzbek" title="Help:IPA/Uzbek">Uzbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Venetian" title="Help:IPA/Venetian">Venetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Vietnamese" title="Help:IPA/Vietnamese">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Walloon" title="Help:IPA/Walloon">Walloon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Welsh" title="Help:IPA/Welsh">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/West_Frisian" title="Help:IPA/West Frisian">West Frisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nguni" title="Help:IPA/Nguni">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Yiddish" title="Help:IPA/Yiddish">Yiddish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Yoruba" title="Help:IPA/Yoruba">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Zhuang" title="Help:IPA/Zhuang">Zhuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nguni" title="Help:IPA/Nguni">Zulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparisons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Conventions_for_English" title="Help:IPA/Conventions for English">IPA conventions for English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart_for_English_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects">English dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">Wikipedia pronunciation respelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pronunciation_respelling_for_English" title="Pronunciation respelling for English">Other English pronunciation respellings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Introductory guides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Introduction" title="Help:IPA/Introduction">For English speakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">Manual of Style: Pronunciation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&oldid=1254522575">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&oldid=1254522575</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_Phonetic_Alphabet_help" title="Category:International Phonetic Alphabet help">International Phonetic Alphabet help</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_plain_IPA" title="Category:Pages with plain IPA">Pages with plain IPA</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 31 October 2024, at 12:03<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Northern_Thai&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-z2b79","wgBackendResponseTime":113,"wgDiscussionToolsPageThreads":[{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Notes","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-See_also","replies":[]}],"wgPageParseReport":{"discussiontools":{"limitreport-timeusage":"0.042"},"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.440","walltime":"0.575","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1432,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":47262,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":533,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":12731,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 334.273 1 -total"," 40.52% 135.462 1 Template:IPA_key"," 29.90% 99.951 1 Template:Ombox"," 28.24% 94.385 1 Template:IPA_keys"," 27.70% 92.595 1 Template:Navbox"," 15.80% 52.800 32 Template:IPA"," 12.38% 41.371 31 Template:IPAlink"," 10.04% 33.566 1 Template:Shortcut"," 10.03% 33.515 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.84% 26.200 1 Template:IPA_notice/msg"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.194","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4400239,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-849f99967d-l746t","timestamp":"20241124054223","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>