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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pot%C5%99ebuji_pomoc" title="Pokud si nevíte rady, zeptejte se ostatních"><span>Potřebuji pomoc</span></a></li><li id="n-featuredcontent" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Nejlep%C5%A1%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nky" title="Přehled článků, které jsou považovány za nejlepší na české Wikipedii"><span>Nejlepší články</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:N%C3%A1hodn%C3%A1_str%C3%A1nka" title="Přejít na náhodně vybranou stránku [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Náhodný článek</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Posledn%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny" title="Seznam posledních změn na této wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Poslední změny</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Port%C3%A1l_Wikipedie" title="O projektu, jak můžete pomoci, kde hledat"><span>Komunitní portál</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pod_l%C3%ADpou" title="Hlavní diskusní fórum"><span>Pod lípou</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cs.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Wikipedie: Otevřená encyklopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cs.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a 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id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs" class=""><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Akomodace&returntoquery=section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Akomodace&returntoquery=section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Přihlášení</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Další možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobní nástroje" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobní nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uživatelské menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs"><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Akomodace&returntoquery=section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Akomodace&returntoquery=section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Popis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Popis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poruchy_akomodace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poruchy_akomodace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Poruchy akomodace</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poruchy_akomodace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Akomodace</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 39 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkommodasie_(oog)" title="Akkommodasie (oog) – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Akkommodasie (oog)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_(%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86)" title="تكيف (عين) – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تكيف (عين)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkomodasiya_(biologiya)" title="Akkomodasiya (biologiya) – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Akkomodasiya (biologiya)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Акомодация – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Акомодация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomodacija_(oko)" title="Akomodacija (oko) – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Akomodacija (oko)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acomodaci%C3%B3_(ull)" title="Acomodació (ull) – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Acomodació (ull)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkommodation_(%C3%B8je)" title="Akkommodation (øje) – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Akkommodation (øje)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkommodation_(Auge)" title="Akkommodation (Auge) – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Akkommodation (Auge)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_(vertebrate_eye)" title="Accommodation (vertebrate eye) – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Accommodation (vertebrate eye)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acomodaci%C3%B3n_(ojo)" title="Acomodación (ojo) – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Acomodación (ojo)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akommodatsioon" title="Akommodatsioon – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Akommodatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82_(%DA%86%D8%B4%D9%85)" title="تطابق (چشم) – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تطابق (چشم)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkommodaatio_(silm%C3%A4)" title="Akkommodaatio (silmä) – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Akkommodaatio (silmä)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation" title="Accommodation – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Accommodation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomodacija" title="Akomodacija – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Akomodacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ակոմոդացիա – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ակոմոդացիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomodasi_optik" title="Akomodasi optik – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Akomodasi optik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accomodazione" title="Accomodazione – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Accomodazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Аккомодация (биология) – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аккомодация (биология)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A0%88_(%EC%B2%99%EC%B6%94%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC_%EB%88%88)" title="조절 (척추동물 눈) – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조절 (척추동물 눈)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomodacija" title="Akomodacija – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Akomodacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomod%C4%81cija" title="Akomodācija – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Akomodācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_(%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D)" title="അക്കൊമഡേഷൻ (കണ്ണ്) – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അക്കൊമഡേഷൻ (കണ്ണ്)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodatie_(oog)" title="Accommodatie (oog) – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Accommodatie (oog)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkommodasjon_(%C3%B8yet)" title="Akkommodasjon (øyet) – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Akkommodasjon (øyet)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomodacja_oka" title="Akomodacja oka – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Akomodacja oka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acomoda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(oftalmologia)" title="Acomodação (oftalmologia) – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Acomodação (oftalmologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Аккомодация (биология) – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аккомодация (биология)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomodacija_oka" title="Akomodacija oka – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Akomodacija oka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_(eye)" title="Accommodation (eye) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Accommodation (eye)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Акомодација ока – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Акомодација ока" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ackommodation" title="Ackommodation – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ackommodation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="கண்ணின்றன்னமைவு – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கண்ணின்றன்னமைவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="การปรับตาดูใกล้ไกล – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การปรับตาดูใกล้ไกล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akomodasyon" title="Akomodasyon – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Akomodasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Аккомодация (биология) – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Аккомодация (биология)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Акомодація ока – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Акомодація ока" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkomodatsiya" title="Akkomodatsiya – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Akkomodatsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Focus_in_an_eye.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Focus_in_an_eye.svg/440px-Focus_in_an_eye.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Focus_in_an_eye.svg/660px-Focus_in_an_eye.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Focus_in_an_eye.svg/880px-Focus_in_an_eye.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption>Akomodace oka: vlevo při zaostření na vzdálený předmět, vpravo na blízko. Rozdíl je v různém zakřivení oční čočky.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Akomodace oka</b> (z <a href="/wiki/Latina" title="Latina">lat.</a> <i>accomodare</i>, přizpůsobit) je proces, při němž se mění <a href="/wiki/Optick%C3%A1_mohutnost" title="Optická mohutnost">optická mohutnost</a> oka obratlovců, a tak se oko zaostřuje na různě vzdálené předměty. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popis">Popis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Popis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Popis"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>K akomodaci dochází mimovolně, ale lze ji do jisté míry vyvolat i vědomě. Zatímco ryby a obojživelníci akomodují tak, že mění vzdálenost mezi čočkou a sítnicí, savci, plazi a ptáci mění optickou mohutnost oční čočky. U primitivních živočichů a u živočichů žijících ve tmě akomodace téměř chybí, ale i například u koně a prasete je málo vyvinuta. Pružná oční čočka lidského oka je uchycena na vláknech <a href="/wiki/%C5%98asnat%C3%A9_t%C4%9Bl%C3%ADsko" title="Řasnaté tělísko">řasnatého tělíska</a> (<i>corpus cilliare</i>), jejichž napětí je regulováno ciliárním svalem. Pružnost dodávají čočce vláknité molekuly pojivových bílkovin. Tělísko oční čočku napíná a zplošťuje. Rovnováha mezi silami vznikajícími pružností čočky a silami vznikajícími pružnosti řasnatého tělíska vede k tomu, že čočka je u normálního uvolněného oka zaostřena do dálky. V této situaci je čočka nejvíce zploštělá. Výše popsaná situace, kdy je oko zaostřeno do dálky nastává, jsou-li ciliární svaly uvolněny. Pokud chceme zaostřit na blízký předmět, působí tyto svaly tak, že snižují „tah" řasnatého tělíska a čočka se stává „oblejší". Zvětší se tedy její optická mohutnost a dojde k zaostření na bližší předmět. Subjektivně nejpohodlnější je proto pohled do dálky, kdy jsou akomodační svaly zcela uvolněné. Zaostření na blízko vyžaduje určitou námahu akomodačních svalů. </p><p>Zdravé lidské oko dokáže měnit optickou mohutnost čočky o 12–15 <a href="/wiki/Dioptrie" title="Dioptrie">dioptrií</a>, takže se dokáže akomodovat od „nekonečna“ až na vzdálenost 7 cm. Tato změna proběhne za 0,35 až 1,5 sec a je provázena jednak konvergencí optické osy obou očí (sbíhavost při zaměření na blízký předmět), jednak zmenšením <a href="/wiki/Zornice" title="Zornice">zornice</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poruchy_akomodace">Poruchy akomodace</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Poruchy akomodace" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Poruchy akomodace"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Akkomodbreiterp.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Akkomodbreiterp.png/220px-Akkomodbreiterp.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Akkomodbreiterp.png/330px-Akkomodbreiterp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Akkomodbreiterp.png/440px-Akkomodbreiterp.png 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption>Akomodace v závislosti na věku (vodorovná osa). <br /> Horní obrázek: rozsah akomodace v dioptriích. <br />Dolní obrázek: minimální vzdálenost pro ostré vidění v cm.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1tkozrakost" title="Krátkozrakost">Krátkozrakost</a></b> čili myopie – ostrý obraz vzdálených předmětů vzniká před sítnicí. Koriguje se brýlemi (čočkami) rozptylkami.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dalekozrakost" title="Dalekozrakost">Dalekozrakost</a></b> čili hypermetropie – ostrý obraz blízkých předmětů vzniká za sítnicí. Koriguje se brýlemi (čočkami) spojkami. Obojí lze taktéž korigovat operací laserem či implantáty.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Presbyopie" title="Presbyopie">Presbyopie</a></b> je zhoršování akomodačních schopností s věkem: jak šíře, tak rychlost akomodace s věkem klesá. Tím se krátkozrakost do jisté míry kompenzuje, člověk však není schopen zaostřit na blízké předměty, například při čtení.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literatura">Literatura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Literatura"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Ottův slovník naučný</i>, heslo Akommodace oční. Sv. 1, str. 631</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptace" title="Adaptace">Adaptace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lidsk%C3%A9_oko" title="Lidské oko">Lidské oko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optika" title="Optika">Optika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zrak" title="Zrak">Zrak</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akomodace&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Accommodation_(eye)" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Accommodation (eye)">akomodace</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/akomodace" class="extiw" title="wikt:akomodace">akomodace</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li> <li><span style="cursor:help;" data-lang="de" title="Jazyk cíle odkazu: němčina">(německy)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zum.de/Faecher/Materialien/gebhardt/physik/optik/auge/auge.html">Animace a obrázky k akomodaci</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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