CINXE.COM
Document Zbl 1337.28015 - zbMATH Open
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Document Zbl 1337.28015 - zbMATH Open</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, minimum-scale=0.1, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive, noindex"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-lightbox/v0.7.0/bootstrap-lightbox.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-select/v1.13.14/css/bootstrap-select.min.css"> <link href="/static/css/smoothness/jquery-ui-1.10.1.custom.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen"> <link href="/static/styles.css?v=20241024" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/zbMathJax/v0.1.38/zbmathjax.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/zbmath.ico"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "url": "https://zbmath.org/", "logo": "https://zbmath.org/static/zbMATH.png" } </script> </head> <body> <div id="line"></div> <span id="clear" style="cursor: pointer;">×</span> <div id="page"> <div id="head"> <nav id="menu" class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#zbnav" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#"> <img class="logo" src="/static/zbmath.gif" alt="zbMATH Open logo"> </a> </div> <div id="zbnav" class="collapse navbar-collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav pages"> <li class="about"> <a href="/about/">About</a> </li> <li class="frequently-asked-questions"> <a href="/frequently-asked-questions/">FAQ</a> </li> <li class="general-help"> <a href="/general-help/">General Help</a> </li> <li class="reviewer-service"> <a href="https://zbmath.org/reviewer-service/" target="_self" >Reviewer Service</a> </li> <li> <a href="/tools-and-resources/">Tools & Resources</a> </li> <li class="contact"> <a href="/contact/">Contact</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right prefs"> <li class="preferences dropdown"> <a data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">Preferences <i class="caret"></i></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu preferences"> <li> <form id="preferences" class="navbar-form" method="post" action="/preferences/" onsubmit="return confirm('This website uses cookies for the purposes of storing preference information on your device. Do you agree to this?\n\nPlease refer to our Privacy Policy to learn more about our use of cookies.')" > <input type="hidden" name="path" value="/1337.28015?"> <span class=""> <label class="title">Search Form</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="search-multi-line" type="radio" name="search" value="multi-line" checked> <label for="search-multi-line" class="radio">Multi-Line Search (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="search-one-line" type="radio" name="search" value="one-line"> <label for="search-one-line" class="radio">One-Line Search</label> </div> </span> <span class="count"> <label class="title">Hits per Page</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-10" type="radio" name="count" value="10"> <label for="count-10" class="radio">10</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-20" type="radio" name="count" value="20"> <label for="count-20" class="radio">20</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-50" type="radio" name="count" value="50"> <label for="count-50" class="radio">50</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-100" type="radio" name="count" value="100" checked> <label for="count-100" class="radio">100 (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-200" type="radio" name="count" value="200"> <label for="count-200" class="radio">200</label> </div> </span> <span class="format"> <label class="title">Display Format</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="format-mathjax" type="radio" name="format" value="mathjax" checked> <label for="format-mathjax" class="radio">MathJax (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="format-amstex" type="radio" name="format" value="latex"> <label for="format-amstex" class="radio">LaTeX</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Documents Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-default" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="date" checked> <label for="documents-ranking-default" class="radio">Newest first (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-references" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="references"> <label for="documents-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-relevance" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="relevance"> <label for="documents-ranking-relevance" class="radio">Relevance</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Authors Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="authors-ranking-default" type="radio" name="authors_ranking" value="alpha" checked> <label for="authors-ranking-default" class="radio">Alphabetically (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="authors-ranking-references" type="radio" name="authors_ranking" value="references"> <label for="authors-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Serials Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="serials-ranking-default" type="radio" name="serials_ranking" value="alpha" checked> <label for="serials-ranking-default" class="radio">Alphabetically (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="serials-ranking-references" type="radio" name="serials_ranking" value="references"> <label for="serials-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Software Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="software-ranking-default" type="radio" name="software_ranking" value="references" checked> <label for="software-ranking-default" class="radio">Citations (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="software-ranking-alpha" type="radio" name="software_ranking" value="alpha"> <label for="software-ranking-alpha" class="radio">Alphabetically</label> </div> </span> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">OK</button> <div class="clearfix"> </form> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="tabs"> <h1 class="logo"> <a class="logo" href="/"> <img class="logo" src="/static/zbmath.gif" alt="zbMATH Open — the first resource for mathematics" > </a> </h1> <nav> <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li class="tab-documents active"> <a href="/">Documents</a> </li> <li class="tab-authors"> <a href="/authors/">Authors</a> </li> <li class="tab-serials"> <a href="/serials/">Serials</a> </li> <li class="tab-software"> <a href="/software/">Software</a> </li> <li class="tab-classification"> <a href="/classification/">Classification</a> </li> <li class="tab-formulae"> <a href="/formulae/">Formulæ</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="content-fixed"> <div class="content-formular"> <div style="display: none;"> <div class="row ml-0"id="multi-line-new-line" style="display: none;"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-0-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any" selected>Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-0-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input"> <span class="multi-line-value" id="multi-line-type-range"><span style="padding-left: 5px;">from</span> <input name="ml-0-v1" class="form-control multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"> until <input name="ml-0-v2" class="form-control multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"></span> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-la" placeholder="use name or ISO code"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-rv" placeholder="enter name or zbMATH reviewer number"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-an" placeholder="Zbl, JFM or ERAM number"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-en" placeholder="e.g. DOI, ISBN, arXiv ID"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-sw" placeholder="use * to find all documents using software"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-br" placeholder="find documents about the life or work of a person"> <span class="multi-line-value" id="multi-line-type-multiselect-db"> <select class="multi-line-selectpicker" data-width="100%" multiple> <option value="zbl">Zbl</option> <option value="arxiv">arXiv</option> <option value="jfm">JFM</option> <option value="eram">ERAM</option> </select> <input type="hidden" class="multi-line-input" name="ml-0-v" value=""> </span> </div> <form name="documents" method="GET" action="/" autocomplete="off"> <div class="documents multi-line" style="display: none;"> <div class="forms"> <ul class="nav forms"> <li class="one-line"> <span tabindex="0" class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign" title="One-Line Search allows for free logical combinations of search fields" aria-label="One-Line Search allows for free logical combinations of search fields" data-placement="bottom"></span> <a style="display: inline-block;" href="#">One-Line Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="container-fluid"> <input type="hidden" id="multi-line-ml" name="ml" value="3"> <div id="multi-line-row-wrapper"> <div class="row ml-1"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-1-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any" selected>Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-1-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-1-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <div class="row ml-2"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-2-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any">Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au" selected>Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-2-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-2-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <div class="row ml-3"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-3-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any">Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti" selected>Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-3-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><div id="multi-line-plus"> <a href="#"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span> add line</a> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline"> <div class="form-group field checkboxes-wrapper" id="checkboxes-wrapper-test" style="visibility: hidden; position: fixed;"> <label>Document Type:</label> <div class="checkboxes"> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Articles in Journals"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="j" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Journal Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Articles in Conference Proceedings and Collected Volumes"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="a" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Collection Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Monographs, Proceedings, Dissertations etc."> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="b" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Books </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for arXiv Preprints"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="p" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> arXiv Preprints </label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group field checkboxes-wrapper" id="checkboxes-wrapper-real"> <label>Document Type:</label> <div class="checkboxes"> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-j" title="search for Articles in Journals"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-j" name="dt" class="form-control" value="j" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Journal Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-a" title="search for Articles in Conference Proceedings and Collected Volumes"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-a" name="dt" class="form-control" value="a" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Collection Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-b" title="search for Monographs, Proceedings, Dissertations etc."> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-b" name="dt" class="form-control" value="b" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Books </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-p" title="search for arXiv Preprints"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-p" name="dt" class="form-control" value="p" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> arXiv Preprints </label> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 buttons"> <a tabindex="0" class="btn btn-default clear-all">Reset all <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></span></a> <div class="submit"> <button class="btn btn-default search" type="submit">Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form> <form class="form-inline" name="documents" method="GET" action="/"> <div class="documents one-line" style="display: block;"> <div class="forms"> <ul class="nav forms"> <li class="multi-line"><a href="#">New Multi-Line Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="search-row" class="input-group box"> <span> <div id="search-field"> <input class="query form-control" type="text" name="q" value="an:1337.28015" aria-label="Search for documents" placeholder="Search for documents" autocomplete="off"> </div> <div class="search-buttons input-group-btn"> <div class="btn-group"> <button class="btn btn-default search" type="submit"><span class="virtual">Search</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search" style="top: 2px;"></span></button> </div> </div> </span> <span> <div class="search-buttons input-group-btn"> <div class="btn-group"> <div class="btn-group fields"> <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Fields <i class="caret"></i></button> <ul id="fields" class="dropdown-menu pull-right"> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">any:</span><span> </span>anywhere (default)</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ab:</span><span> </span>review text</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">an:</span><span> </span>zbmath id</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">any:</span><span> </span>anywhere</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">au:</span><span> </span>contributor name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">br:</span><span> </span>biographic reference name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">cc:</span><span> </span>msc title</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">dt:</span><span> </span>document type</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">doi:</span><span> </span>doi</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">en:</span><span> </span>external id</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">la:</span><span> </span>language</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">pu:</span><span> </span>publisher</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">py:</span><span> </span>year</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">rv:</span><span> </span>reviewer name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">so:</span><span> </span>source</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">sw:</span><span> </span>software name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ti:</span><span> </span>title</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ut:</span><span> </span>keyword</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-group operators"> <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Operators <i class="caret"></i></button> <ul id="operators" class="dropdown-menu pull-right"> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">a <span class="item">&</span> b </span><span> </span>logical and (default)</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">a <span class="item">|</span> b </span><span> </span>logical or</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">!</span>ab </span><span> </span>logical not</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">abc<span class="item">*</span> </span><span> </span>right wildcard</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">"</span>ab c<span class="item">"</span></span><span> </span>phrase</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">(</span>ab c<span class="item">)</span></span><span> </span>parentheses</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="special"> <ul class="nav help-button"> <li class="dropdown pull-right"> <a href="#">Help <i class="caret"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </span> </div> <div class="help"><h2>Examples</h2> <div id="help-terms" role="table"> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Geometry">Geometry</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell" role="cell">Search for the term <em>Geometry</em> in <strong>any</strong> field. Queries are <strong>case-independent</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Funct%2A">Funct*</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell"><strong>Wildcard</strong> queries are specified by <strong><u>*</u></strong> (e.g. <em>functions</em>, <em>functorial</em>, etc.). Otherwise the search is <strong>exact</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=%22Topological+group%22">"Topological group"</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell"><strong>Phrases</strong> (multi-words) should be set in <u>"</u>straight quotation marks<u>"</u>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=au%3A+Bourbaki+%26+ti%3A+Algebra">au: Bourbaki & ti: Algebra</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Search for <strong><u>au</u>thor</strong> and <strong><u>ti</u>tle</strong>. The <strong>and-operator &</strong> is default and can be omitted.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Chebyshev+%7C+Tschebyscheff">Chebyshev | Tschebyscheff</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong>or-operator |</strong> allows to search for <em>Chebyshev</em> or <em>Tschebyscheff</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Quasi%2A+map%2A+py%3A+1989">Quasi* map* py: 1989</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The resulting documents have <strong><u>p</u>ublication <u>y</u>ear</strong> <em>1989</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=so%3A+Eur%2A+J%2A+Mat%2A+Soc%2A+cc%3A+14">so: Eur* J* Mat* Soc* cc: 14</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Search for publications in a particular <strong><u>so</u>urce</strong> with a <strong>Mathematics Subject <u>C</u>lassification <u>c</u>ode (<u>cc</u>)</strong> in <em>14</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=%22Partial+diff%2A+eq%2A%22+%21+elliptic">"Partial diff* eq*" ! elliptic</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong>not</strong>-operator <strong>!</strong> eliminates all results containing the word <em>elliptic</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=dt%3A+b+%26+au%3A+Hilbert">dt: b & au: Hilbert</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong><u>d</u>ocument <u>t</u>ype</strong> is set to books; alternatively: <u>j</u> for <strong>journal articles</strong>, <u>a</u> for <strong>book articles</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=py%3A+2000-2015+cc%3A+%2894A+%7C+11T%29">py: 2000-2015 cc: (94A | 11T)</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Number <strong>ranges</strong> are accepted. Terms can be grouped within <strong><u>(</u>parentheses<u>)</u></strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=la%3A+chinese">la: chinese</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Find documents in a given <strong><u>la</u>nguage</strong>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-1">ISO 639-1</a> language codes can also be used.</span> </div> </div> <div id="help-fields"> <h2>Fields</h2> <table> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>any</strong></td> <td class="padding">anywhere</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>an</strong></td> <td class="padding">internal document identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>au</strong></td> <td class="padding">author, editor</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ai</strong></td> <td class="padding">internal author identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ti</strong></td> <td class="padding">title</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>la</strong></td> <td class="padding">language</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>so</strong></td> <td class="padding">source</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ab</strong></td> <td class="padding">review, abstract</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>py</strong></td> <td class="padding">publication year</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>rv</strong></td> <td class="padding">reviewer</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>cc</strong></td> <td class="padding">MSC code</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ut</strong></td> <td class="padding">uncontrolled term</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>dt</strong></td> <td class="padding" colspan="4">document type (<strong>j</strong>: journal article; <strong>b</strong>: book; <strong>a</strong>: book article)</td> </tr> </table> </div> <div id="help-operators"> <h2>Operators</h2> <table> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">a <strong>&</strong> b</td> <td class="padding">logic and</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">a <strong>|</strong> b</td> <td class="padding">logic or</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>!</strong>ab</td> <td class="padding">logic not</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">abc<strong>*</strong></td> <td class="padding">right wildcard</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>"</strong>ab c<strong>"</strong></td> <td class="padding">phrase</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>(</strong>ab c<strong>)</strong></td> <td class="padding">parentheses</td> </tr> </table> </div> <p> See also our <a href="/general-help/">General Help</a>. </p></div> </div> </form> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="content-shadow"></div> </div> </div> <div id="body"> <div id="main"> <div class="messages"> </div> <div id="documents"> <div class="content-main"> <div class="content-item"><div class="item"> <article> <div class="author"><a href="/authors/hochman.michael" title="Author Profile">Hochman, Michael</a></div> <h2 class="title"> <strong>On self-similar sets with overlaps and inverse theorems for entropy.</strong> <i>(English)</i> <a class="label nowrap" href="/1337.28015">Zbl 1337.28015</a> </h2> <div class="source"> <a href="/serials/2531" title="Journal Profile">Ann. Math. (2)</a> <a href="/?q=in%3A336262" title="Articles in this Issue">180, No. 2, 773-822 (2014)</a>. </div> <div class="abstract">Let \(\Phi :=\{\varphi_i : i\in \Lambda\}\) be a finite collection of linear contractions of the form \(\varphi_i (x) := r_i x + a_i\), where \(|r_i| < 1\) and \(a_i\in \mathbb R\). Let \(X\neq\emptyset\) be the attractor of the iterated function system \(\Phi\) and let the self-similar measure associated with \(\Phi\) and a probability vector \((p_i)_{i\in \Lambda}\) be denoted by \(\mu\). The author investigates the Hausdorff dimension \(\dim \mu\) of \(\mu\) in case the images \(\varphi_i X\) have significant overlap. The main result is the following: If \(\dim\mu < \min\{1, s\}\), where \(s\) is the similarity dimension of \(X\), then there exist superexponentially close cylinders at small enough scales. As a consequence of this result, the Furstenberg conjecture on the projections of the one-dimensional Sierpiński gasket is proven and some progress on the Bernoulli convolutions problem is achieved.<div class="reviewer"> Reviewer: <a href="/authors/?q=rv%3A13393">Peter Massopust (München)</a></div> <div class="clearfix"></div></div> <div class="clear"></div> <br> <div class="citations"><div class="clear"><a href="/?q=ci%3A6346461">Cited in <strong>9</strong> Reviews</a></div><div class="clear"><a href="/?q=rf%3A6346461">Cited in <strong>158</strong> Documents</a></div></div> <div class="classification"> <h3>MSC:</h3> <table><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A28A80" title="MSC2020">28A80</a> </td> <td class="space"> Fractals </td> </tr><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A37L40" title="MSC2020">37L40</a> </td> <td class="space"> Invariant measures for infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems </td> </tr><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A37C35" title="MSC2020">37C35</a> </td> <td class="space"> Orbit growth in dynamical systems </td> </tr><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A28D20" title="MSC2020">28D20</a> </td> <td class="space"> Entropy and other invariants </td> </tr></table> </div><div class="keywords"> <h3>Keywords:</h3><a href="/?q=ut%3Aadditive+combinatorics">additive combinatorics</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3ABernoulli+convolutions">Bernoulli convolutions</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Aconvolution">convolution</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Aentropy">entropy</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3AHausdorff+dimension">Hausdorff dimension</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3AMarstrand%27s+projection+theorem">Marstrand’s projection theorem</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Aself-similarity">self-similarity</a></div> <!-- Modal used to show zbmath metadata in different output formats--> <div class="modal fade" id="metadataModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">Cite</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="select-output" class="control-label">Format</label> <select id="select-output" class="form-control" aria-label="Select Metadata format"></select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="metadataText" class="control-label">Result</label> <textarea class="form-control" id="metadataText" rows="10" style="min-width: 100%;max-width: 100%"></textarea> </div> <div id="metadata-alert" class="alert alert-danger" role="alert" style="display: none;"> <!-- alert for connection errors etc --> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" onclick="copyMetadata()">Copy to clipboard</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="functions clearfix"> <div class="function"> <!-- Button trigger metadata modal --> <a type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs pdf" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#metadataModal" data-itemtype="Zbl" data-itemname="Zbl 1337.28015" data-ciurl="/ci/06346461" data-biburl="/bibtex/06346461.bib" data-amsurl="/amsrefs/06346461.bib" data-xmlurl="/xml/06346461.xml" > Cite </a> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs pdf" data-container="body" type="button" href="/pdf/06346461.pdf" title="Zbl 1337.28015 as PDF">Review PDF</a> </div> <div class="fulltexts"> <span class="fulltext">Full Text:</span> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs" type="button" href="https://doi.org/10.4007/annals.2014.180.2.7" aria-label="DOI for “On self-similar sets with overlaps and inverse theorems for entropy”" title="10.4007/annals.2014.180.2.7">DOI</a> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs" type="button" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.1873"title="Note: arXiv document may differ from published version">arXiv</a> </div> <div class="sfx" style="float: right;"> </div> </div> <div class="references"> <h3>References:</h3> <table><tr> <td>[1]</td> <td class="space">D. Feng and H. Hu, ”Dimension theory of iterated function systems,” Comm. Pure Appl. Math., vol. 62, iss. 11, pp. 1435-1500, 2009. · <a href="/1230.37031" class="nowrap">Zbl 1230.37031</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpa.20276" class="nowrap">doi:10.1002/cpa.20276</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[2]</td> <td class="space">Y. Peres and B. Solomyak, ”Problems on self-similar sets and self-affine sets: an update,” in Fractal Geometry and Stochastics, II, Basel: Birkhäuser, 2000, vol. 46, pp. 95-106. · <a href="/0946.28003" class="nowrap">Zbl 0946.28003</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[3]</td> <td class="space">A. M. Garsia, ”Arithmetic properties of Bernoulli convolutions,” Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., vol. 102, pp. 409-432, 1962. · <a href="/0103.36502" class="nowrap">Zbl 0103.36502</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/1993615" class="nowrap">doi:10.2307/1993615</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[4]</td> <td class="space">H. Furstenberg, ”Intersections of Cantor sets and transversality of semigroups,” in Problems in Analysis, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press, 1970, pp. 41-59. · <a href="/0208.32203" class="nowrap">Zbl 0208.32203</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[5]</td> <td class="space">H. Furstenberg, ”Ergodic fractal measures and dimension conservation,” Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems, vol. 28, iss. 2, pp. 405-422, 2008. · <a href="/1154.37322" class="nowrap">Zbl 1154.37322</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143385708000084" class="nowrap">doi:10.1017/S0143385708000084</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[6]</td> <td class="space">R. Kenyon, ”Projecting the one-dimensional Sierpinski gasket,” Israel J. Math., vol. 97, pp. 221-238, 1997. · <a href="/0871.28006" class="nowrap">Zbl 0871.28006</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02774038" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/BF02774038</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[7]</td> <td class="space">G. Świcatek and J. J. P. Veerman, ”On a conjecture of Furstenberg,” Israel J. Math., vol. 130, pp. 145-155, 2002. · <a href="/1022.37016" class="nowrap">Zbl 1022.37016</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02764075" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/BF02764075</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[8]</td> <td class="space">Y. Peres and W. Schlag, ”Smoothness of projections, Bernoulli convolutions, and the dimension of exceptions,” Duke Math. J., vol. 102, iss. 2, pp. 193-251, 2000. · <a href="/0961.42007" class="nowrap">Zbl 0961.42007</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1215/S0012-7094-00-10222-0" class="nowrap">doi:10.1215/S0012-7094-00-10222-0</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[9]</td> <td class="space">J. Bourgain, ”The discretized sum-product and projection theorems,” J. Anal. Math., vol. 112, pp. 193-236, 2010. · <a href="/1234.11012" class="nowrap">Zbl 1234.11012</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11854-010-0028-x" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s11854-010-0028-x</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[10]</td> <td class="space">M. Hochman, Self-similar sets with overlaps and sumset phenomena for entropy, the multidimensional case, 2012.</td> </tr><tr> <td>[11]</td> <td class="space">M. Pollicott and K. Simon, ”The Hausdorff dimension of \(\lambda\)-expansions with deleted digits,” Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., vol. 347, iss. 3, pp. 967-983, 1995. · <a href="/0831.28005" class="nowrap">Zbl 0831.28005</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2154881" class="nowrap">doi:10.2307/2154881</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[12]</td> <td class="space">B. Solomyak, ”On the random series \(\sum\pm\lambda^n\) (an Erd\Hos problem),” Ann. of Math., vol. 142, iss. 3, pp. 611-625, 1995. · <a href="/0837.28007" class="nowrap">Zbl 0837.28007</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2118556" class="nowrap">doi:10.2307/2118556</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[13]</td> <td class="space">P. Shmerkin and B. Solomyak, ”Zeros of \(\{-1,0,1\}\) power series and connectedness loci for self-affine sets,” Experiment. Math., vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 499-511, 2006. · <a href="/1122.30002" class="nowrap">Zbl 1122.30002</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/10586458.2006.10128977" class="nowrap">doi:10.1080/10586458.2006.10128977</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[14]</td> <td class="space">P. Erdös, ”On a family of symmetric Bernoulli convolutions,” Amer. J. Math., vol. 61, pp. 974-976, 1939. · <a href="/0022.35402" class="nowrap">Zbl 0022.35402</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2371641" class="nowrap">doi:10.2307/2371641</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[15]</td> <td class="space">P. Erdös, ”On the smoothness properties of a family of Bernoulli convolutions,” Amer. J. Math., vol. 62, pp. 180-186, 1940. · <a href="/0022.35403" class="nowrap">Zbl 0022.35403</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2371446" class="nowrap">doi:10.2307/2371446</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[16]</td> <td class="space">Y. Peres, W. Schlag, and B. Solomyak, ”Sixty years of Bernoulli convolutions,” in Fractal Geometry and Stochastics, II, Basel: Birkhäuser, 2000, vol. 46, pp. 39-65. · <a href="/0961.42006" class="nowrap">Zbl 0961.42006</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[17]</td> <td class="space">J. C. Alexander and J. A. Yorke, ”Fat baker’s transformations,” Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems, vol. 4, iss. 1, pp. 1-23, 1984. · <a href="/0553.58020" class="nowrap">Zbl 0553.58020</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143385700002236" class="nowrap">doi:10.1017/S0143385700002236</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[18]</td> <td class="space">F. Przytycki and M. Urbański, ”On the Hausdorff dimension of some fractal sets,” Studia Math., vol. 93, iss. 2, pp. 155-186, 1989. · <a href="/0691.58029" class="nowrap">Zbl 0691.58029</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[19]</td> <td class="space">M. Keane, M. Smorodinsky, and B. Solomyak, ”On the morphology of \(\gamma\)-expansions with deleted digits,” Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., vol. 347, iss. 3, pp. 955-966, 1995. · <a href="/0834.11033" class="nowrap">Zbl 0834.11033</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2154880" class="nowrap">doi:10.2307/2154880</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[20]</td> <td class="space">M. Nicol, N. Sidorov, and D. Broomhead, ”On the fine structure of stationary measures in systems which contract-on-average,” J. Theoret. Probab., vol. 15, iss. 3, pp. 715-730, 2002. · <a href="/1026.28006" class="nowrap">Zbl 1026.28006</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016224000145" class="nowrap">doi:10.1023/A:1016224000145</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[21]</td> <td class="space">Y. Peres, K. Simon, and B. Solomyak, ”Absolute continuity for random iterated function systems with overlaps,” J. London Math. Soc., vol. 74, iss. 3, pp. 739-756, 2006. · <a href="/1122.37018" class="nowrap">Zbl 1122.37018</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024610706023258" class="nowrap">doi:10.1112/S0024610706023258</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[22]</td> <td class="space">A. M. Garsia, ”Entropy and singularity of infinite convolutions,” Pacific J. Math., vol. 13, pp. 1159-1169, 1963. · <a href="/0126.14901" class="nowrap">Zbl 0126.14901</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2140/pjm.1963.13.1159" class="nowrap">doi:10.2140/pjm.1963.13.1159</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[23]</td> <td class="space">P. Shmerkin, ”On the exceptional set for absolute continuity of Bernoulli convolutions,” Geom. Funct. Anal., vol. 24, pp. 946-958. · <a href="/1305.28012" class="nowrap">Zbl 1305.28012</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-014-0285-4" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s00039-014-0285-4</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[24]</td> <td class="space">T. Tao and V. Vu, Additive Combinatorics, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2006, vol. 105. · <a href="/1127.11002" class="nowrap">Zbl 1127.11002</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511755149" class="nowrap">doi:10.1017/CBO9780511755149</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[25]</td> <td class="space">T. Tao, ”Sumset and inverse sumset theory for Shannon entropy,” Combin. Probab. Comput., vol. 19, iss. 4, pp. 603-639, 2010. · <a href="/1239.11015" class="nowrap">Zbl 1239.11015</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963548309990642" class="nowrap">doi:10.1017/S0963548309990642</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[26]</td> <td class="space">J. Bourgain, N. Katz, and T. Tao, ”A sum-product estimate in finite fields, and applications,” Geom. Funct. Anal., vol. 14, iss. 1, pp. 27-57, 2004. · <a href="/1145.11306" class="nowrap">Zbl 1145.11306</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-004-0451-1" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s00039-004-0451-1</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[27]</td> <td class="space">N. H. Katz and T. Tao, ”Some connections between Falconer’s distance set conjecture and sets of Furstenburg type,” New York J. Math., vol. 7, pp. 149-187, 2001. · <a href="/0991.28006" class="nowrap">Zbl 0991.28006</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[28]</td> <td class="space">J. Bourgain, ”On the Erd\Hos-Volkmann and Katz-Tao ring conjectures,” Geom. Funct. Anal., vol. 13, iss. 2, pp. 334-365, 2003. · <a href="/1115.11049" class="nowrap">Zbl 1115.11049</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s000390300008" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s000390300008</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[29]</td> <td class="space">M. Hochman and P. Shmerkin, Equidistribution from fractals, 2011. · <a href="/1409.11054" class="nowrap">Zbl 1409.11054</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[30]</td> <td class="space">P. ErdHos and B. Volkmann, ”Additive Gruppen mit vorgegebener Hausdorffscher Dimension,” J. Reine Angew. Math., vol. 221, pp. 203-208, 1966. · <a href="/0135.10202" class="nowrap">Zbl 0135.10202</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[31]</td> <td class="space">T. W. Körner, ”Hausdorff dimension of sums of sets with themselves,” Studia Math., vol. 188, iss. 3, pp. 287-295, 2008. · <a href="/1200.28007" class="nowrap">Zbl 1200.28007</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.4064/sm188-3-4" class="nowrap">doi:10.4064/sm188-3-4</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[32]</td> <td class="space">J. Schmeling and P. Shmerkin, ”On the dimension of iterated sumsets,” in Recent Developments in Fractals and Related Fields, Boston, MA: Birkhäuser, 2010, pp. 55-72. · <a href="/1216.28011" class="nowrap">Zbl 1216.28011</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4888-6_5" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/978-0-8176-4888-6_5</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[33]</td> <td class="space">C. Esseen, ”On the Liapounoff limit of error in the theory of probability,” Ark. Mat. Astr. Fys., vol. 28A, iss. 9, p. 19, 1942. · <a href="/0027.33902" class="nowrap">Zbl 0027.33902</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[34]</td> <td class="space">V. A. Kauimanovich and A. M. Vershik, ”Random walks on discrete groups: boundary and entropy,” Ann. Probab., vol. 11, iss. 3, pp. 457-490, 1983. · <a href="/0641.60009" class="nowrap">Zbl 0641.60009</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1214/aop/1176993497" class="nowrap">doi:10.1214/aop/1176993497</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[35]</td> <td class="space">M. Madiman, ”On the entropy of sums,” in Information Theory Workshop, 2008. ITW \('\)08, , 2008, pp. 303-307. · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ITW.2008.4578674" class="nowrap">doi:10.1109/ITW.2008.4578674</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[36]</td> <td class="space">M. Madiman, A. W. Marcus, and P. Tetali, ”Entropy and set cardinality inequalities for partition-determined functions,” Random Structures Algorithms, vol. 40, iss. 4, pp. 399-424, 2012. · <a href="/1244.05024" class="nowrap">Zbl 1244.05024</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/rsa.20385" class="nowrap">doi:10.1002/rsa.20385</a></td> </tr></table> <div class="reference_disclaimer"> This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching. </div> </div></article> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div id="foot"><div class="copyright"> © 2025 <a target="fiz" href="https://www.fiz-karlsruhe.de/en">FIZ Karlsruhe GmbH</a> <a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="/legal-notices/">Legal Notices</a> <a href="/terms-conditions/">Terms & Conditions</a> <div class="info"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="mastodon"> <a href="https://mathstodon.xyz/@zbMATH" target="_blank" class="no-new-tab-icon"> <img src="/static/mastodon.png" title="zbMATH at Mathstodon (opens in new tab)" alt="Mastodon logo"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix" style="height: 0px;"></div> </div> </div> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/jquery-caret/1.5.2/jquery.caret.min.js"></script> <script src="/static/js/jquery-ui-1.10.1.custom.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7zb1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-lightbox/v0.7.0/bootstrap-lightbox.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/retina/unknown/retina.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-select/v1.13.14/js/bootstrap-select.min.js"></script> <script> var SCRIPT_ROOT = ""; </script> <script src="/static/scripts.js?v=20240926"> </script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ "HTML-CSS": { preferredFont: "TeX", availableFonts: [ "STIX", "TeX" ], linebreaks: { automatic: true }, EqnChunk: (MathJax.Hub.Browser.isMobile ? 10 : 50) }, tex2jax: { processEscapes: true, ignoreClass: "tex2jax_ignore|dno" }, TeX: { Macros: { Aut: "\\operatorname{Aut}", Hom: "\\operatorname{Hom}" }, noUndefined: { attributes: { mathcolor: "#039", //"red", mathbackground: "white", //"#FFEEEE", mathsize: "90%" } } }, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#MathInput").stop(true, true).keyup(function() { $.ajax({ url: "/mwsq/", type: "POST", data: { query : $("#MathInput").val() }, dataType: "text" }) .done(function(xml) { $("#MathPreview").html(xml); $(window).resize(); }); }); var press = jQuery.Event("keyup"); press.ctrlKey = false; press.which = 40; $("#MathInput").trigger(press); }); </script> <div id="new_tab_icon" style="display: none"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-new-window" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="sr-only">(opens in new tab)</span></div> </body> </html>