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<span>Buses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Buses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Buses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Buses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regional_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Regional services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regional_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Local services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Other services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fares" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fares"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Fares</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bicycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bicycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bicycle</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bicycle-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bicycle subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bicycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Social_Benefits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_Benefits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Social Benefits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_Benefits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waterways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waterways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Waterways</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Waterways-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Waterways subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Waterways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ferries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ferries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Ferries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ferries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ports_and_harbours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ports_and_harbours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Ports and harbours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ports_and_harbours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merchant_Marine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merchant_Marine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Merchant Marine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merchant_Marine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_travel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_travel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Air travel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Air_travel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Air travel subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Air_travel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Problems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Problems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Problems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Problems-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Problems subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Problems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Frequent_Transfers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frequent_Transfers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Frequent Transfers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frequent_Transfers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inclusion_of_Taxis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inclusion_of_Taxis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Inclusion of Taxis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inclusion_of_Taxis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accommodations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accommodations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Accommodations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accommodations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Accidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4.1</span> <span>Bus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4.2</span> <span>Subway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bicycle_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bicycle_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4.3</span> <span>Bicycle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bicycle_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etiquette" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etiquette"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Etiquette</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etiquette-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pipelines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pipelines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Pipelines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pipelines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Transport in South Korea</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="النقل في كوريا الجنوبية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="النقل في كوريا الجنوبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99nubi_Koreyada_n%C9%99qliyyat" title="Cənubi Koreyada nəqliyyat – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cənubi Koreyada nəqliyyat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A8" title="দক্ষিণ কোরিয়া পরিবহন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দক্ষিণ কোরিয়া পরিবহন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B2_%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Транспорт в Южна Корея – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Транспорт в Южна Корея" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporte_en_Corea_del_Sur" title="Transporte en Corea del Sur – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Transporte en Corea del Sur" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transports_en_Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Transports en Corée du Sud – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Transports en Corée du Sud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5" title="대한민국의 교통 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대한민국의 교통" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="दक्षिण कोरिया में परिवहन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया में परिवहन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasporti_in_Corea_del_Sud" title="Trasporti in Corea del Sud – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Trasporti in Corea del Sud" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Корея Республикасындағы транспорт – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Корея Республикасындағы транспорт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9l-Korea_k%C3%B6zleked%C3%A9se" title="Dél-Korea közlekedése – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dél-Korea közlekedése" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengangkutan_di_Korea_Selatan" title="Pengangkutan di Korea Selatan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pengangkutan di Korea Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="大韓民国の交通 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大韓民国の交通" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreya_respublikasida_transport" title="Koreya respublikasida transport – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Koreya respublikasida transport" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Транспорт в Республике Корея – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Транспорт в Республике Корея" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etel%C3%A4-Korean_liikenne" title="Etelä-Korean liikenne – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etelä-Korean liikenne" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="தென் கொரியாவில் போக்குவரத்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தென் கொரியாவில் போக்குவரத்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="การขนส่งในประเทศเกาหลีใต้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การขนส่งในประเทศเกาหลีใต้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%97" title="Транспорт Південної Кореї – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Транспорт Південної Кореї" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><caption class="sidebar-outer-title"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">Economy of South Korea</a></caption><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> History</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five-Year_Plans_of_South_Korea" title="Five-Year Plans of South Korea">Five-Year Plans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saemaul_Undong" title="Saemaul Undong">Saemaul Undong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy-Chemical_Industry_Drive" title="Heavy-Chemical Industry Drive">Heavy-Chemical Industry Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_on_the_Han_River" title="Miracle on the Han River">Miracle on the Han River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Business culture</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaebol" title="Chaebol">Chaebol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_policy_of_South_Korea" title="Trade policy of South Korea">Trade policy</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Industries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_won" title="South Korean won">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_South_Korea" title="Telecommunications in South Korea">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_South_Korea" title="Tourism in South Korea">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in South Korea">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_services_in_South_Korea" title="Financial services in South Korea">Financial services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_South_Korea" title="Energy in South Korea">Energy</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Regional</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Korean_regions_by_GDP" title="List of South Korean regions by GDP">Regions by GDP per capita</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seoul" title="Economy of Seoul">Seoul</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Related topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_South_Korea" title="Science and technology in South Korea">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of cities in South Korea">Cities</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Korean_economy" title="Template:South Korean economy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_Korean_economy" title="Template talk:South Korean economy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_Korean_economy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South Korean economy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>Transportation in <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></b> is provided by extensive networks of railways, highways, bus routes, ferry services and air routes that traverse the country. South Korea is the third country in the world to operate a <a href="/wiki/Maglev" title="Maglev">maglev</a> train, which is an <a href="/wiki/Incheon_Airport_Maglev" title="Incheon Airport Maglev">automatically run people mover</a> at <a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport" title="Incheon International Airport">Incheon International Airport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Development of modern infrastructure began with the first Five-Year Development Plan (1962–66), which included the construction of 275 kilometers of <a href="/wiki/Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway">railways</a> and several small <a href="/wiki/Highway" title="Highway">highway</a> projects.<sup id="cite_ref-unpan2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unpan2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of the <a href="/wiki/Gyeongbu_Expressway" title="Gyeongbu Expressway">Gyeongbu Expressway</a>, which connects the two major cities of <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a>, was completed on 7 July 1970. </p><p>In 1970, around half of the population of Seoul, one of South Korea's most industrial cities, had moved to it only in the prior decade.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the rapid increase of people traveling across the country, a means of transporting large groups of people was needed. Public transportation such as <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">trams</a> and railways was installed for these people to move quickly. These people naturally settled in close proximity to jobs or near easy-to-move stations. The concentration of population in large cities continued and more transportation was needed to move these people. </p><p>The 1970s saw increased commitment to infrastructure investments. The third Five-Year Development Plan (1972–76) added the development of <a href="/wiki/Airport" title="Airport">airports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seaport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaport">seaports</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Subway" class="mw-redirect" title="Seoul Subway">Subway</a> system was built in Seoul, the highway network was expanded by 487 km and major port projects were started in <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masan" title="Masan">Masan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a> and Busan.<sup id="cite_ref-unpan2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unpan2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The development of industry and automobile technology in the 1960s<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> led to a growing number of people having private cars, mainly in advanced countries such as Europe. The number of cars has more than doubled in Europe in a decade. People can go anywhere, anytime by car. Even now, the demand for cars continues to grow. Increased demand for cars has also helped ease the population's downtown concentration. This is because you can buy a cheap house in a relatively remote area that was difficult to access by public transportation and travel by car. At first, residential areas were formed in the center of the city, and the size of the city grew as the concentric circle grew from the center. Of course, new roads had to be built and intersections, circular roads and highways had to be built to accommodate the growing number of cars. In other words, transportation systems such as private cars and road expansion have been developed to speed up travel time. The problem of environmental pollution is also a reason why public transportation has developed. The car's fuel is consumed and <a href="/wiki/Pollutant" title="Pollutant">pollutants</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen_oxide" title="Nitrogen oxide">nitrogen oxides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">carbon monoxide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon" title="Hydrocarbon">hydrocarbons</a> and dust due to incomplete combustion are also released. By the 1990s, cars also emitted <a href="/wiki/Sulfur_dioxide" title="Sulfur dioxide">sulfur dioxide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The railroad network experienced improvements in the 1980s with <a href="/wiki/Electrification" title="Electrification">electrification</a> and additional track projects. Operation speed was also increased on the main lines. Though the railroad was still more useful for transportation of freight, passenger traffic was also growing. There was 51,000 kilometers of roadways by 1988. Expressway network was expanded to connect more major cities and reached a combined length of 1,539 kilometers before the end of the decade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rail">Rail</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_South_Korea" title="Rail transport in South Korea">Rail transport in South Korea</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KTX-I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/KTX-I.jpg/220px-KTX-I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/KTX-I.jpg/330px-KTX-I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/KTX-I.jpg/440px-KTX-I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2840" data-file-height="1441" /></a><figcaption>KTX train</figcaption></figure> <p>The largest railway operator is <a href="/wiki/Korail" title="Korail">Korail</a>. Railway network is managed by <a href="/wiki/Korea_Rail_Network_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea Rail Network Authority">Korea Rail Network Authority</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Korea_Train_Express" title="Korea Train Express">Korea Train Express</a> began service in April 2004 as Korea's first high-speed service. Intercity services are provided by <a href="/wiki/ITX-Saemaeul" title="ITX-Saemaeul">ITX-Saemaeul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mugunghwa-ho" title="Mugunghwa-ho">Mugunghwa-ho</a>. ITX-Saemaeul generally stops less than Mugunghwa-ho. They stop in all stations and seat reservation is not available. On routes where KTX operates, air travel significantly declined with fewer passengers choosing to fly and airlines offering fewer flights. </p><p>Nuriro Train service runs between <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Station" title="Seoul Station">Seoul</a>-<a href="/wiki/Sinchang_Station" title="Sinchang Station">Sinchang</a> route and other lines. Nuriro Train serves commuters around <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Seoul Metropolitan Area">Seoul Metropolitan Area</a>, providing shorter travel time than <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Subway" class="mw-redirect" title="Seoul Subway">Seoul Subway</a>. The rapid trains have same cost and seat reservation as Mugunghwa-ho. Korail plans to expand the service area.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Stopped its service) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subways">Subways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Subways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit_in_South_Korea" title="Rapid transit in South Korea">Rapid transit in South Korea</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seoul_Metro_Line_2_train_arriving_at_Guro_Digital_Complex_(2-09).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Seoul_Metro_Line_2_train_arriving_at_Guro_Digital_Complex_%282-09%29.jpg/220px-Seoul_Metro_Line_2_train_arriving_at_Guro_Digital_Complex_%282-09%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Seoul_Metro_Line_2_train_arriving_at_Guro_Digital_Complex_%282-09%29.jpg/330px-Seoul_Metro_Line_2_train_arriving_at_Guro_Digital_Complex_%282-09%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Seoul_Metro_Line_2_train_arriving_at_Guro_Digital_Complex_%282-09%29.jpg/440px-Seoul_Metro_Line_2_train_arriving_at_Guro_Digital_Complex_%282-09%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4810" data-file-height="2885" /></a><figcaption>Subway line 2 in Seoul, Korea</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seoul_subway_linemap_ko.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="metropolitan subway map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Seoul_subway_linemap_ko.svg/220px-Seoul_subway_linemap_ko.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Seoul_subway_linemap_ko.svg/330px-Seoul_subway_linemap_ko.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Seoul_subway_linemap_ko.svg/440px-Seoul_subway_linemap_ko.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5724" data-file-height="6516" /></a><figcaption>a subway map of the metropolitan area</figcaption></figure> <p>South Korea's six largest cities — <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwangju" title="Gwangju">Gwangju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daejeon" title="Daejeon">Daejeon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a> — all have subway systems. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Metropolitan_Subway" title="Seoul Metropolitan Subway">Seoul's subway system</a> is the oldest system in the country, with the <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Station" title="Seoul Station">Seoul Station</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cheongnyangni_Station_(underground)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheongnyangni Station (underground)">Cheongnyangni</a> section of <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Subway_Line_1" title="Seoul Subway Line 1">Line 1</a> opening in 1974. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trams">Trams</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Trams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">tram</a> line in Seoul started operation between <a href="/wiki/Seodaemun" title="Seodaemun">Seodaemun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cheongnyangni" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheongnyangni">Cheongnyangni</a> in December 1898. The network was expanded to cover the whole downtown area (<a href="/wiki/Jung-gu,_Seoul" class="mw-redirect" title="Jung-gu, Seoul">Jung-gu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jongno-gu" class="mw-redirect" title="Jongno-gu">Jongno-gu</a> districts) as well as surrounding neighbourhoods, including <a href="/wiki/Cheongnyangni" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheongnyangni">Cheongnyangni</a> in the east, <a href="/wiki/Mapo-gu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mapo-gu">Mapo-gu</a> in the west, and <a href="/wiki/Noryangjin" class="mw-redirect" title="Noryangjin">Noryangjin</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Han_River_(Korea)" title="Han River (Korea)">Han River</a> to the south. </p><p>The networks reached its peak in 1941,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was abandoned in favor of cars and the development of a subway system in 1968. <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Subway_Line_1" title="Seoul Subway Line 1">Seoul Subway Line 1</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Subway_Line_2" title="Seoul Subway Line 2">Line 2</a> follow the old streetcar routes along <a href="/wiki/Jongno" title="Jongno">Jongno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Euljiro" title="Euljiro">Euljiro</a>, respectively. </p><p>A new tram line is scheduled to open in Seoul in 2025, and openings are planned in Suwon and Seongnam in Gyeonggi-do, as well as in Busan and Daejeon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buses">Buses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Buses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansan_Bus_Route_33.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Ansan_Bus_Route_33.jpg/220px-Ansan_Bus_Route_33.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Ansan_Bus_Route_33.jpg/330px-Ansan_Bus_Route_33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Ansan_Bus_Route_33.jpg/440px-Ansan_Bus_Route_33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption>Korea Bus</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%8B%A8%EB%A7%90%EA%B8%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%8B%A8%EB%A7%90%EA%B8%B0.jpg/114px-%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%8B%A8%EB%A7%90%EA%B8%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%8B%A8%EB%A7%90%EA%B8%B0.jpg/171px-%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%8B%A8%EB%A7%90%EA%B8%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%8B%A8%EB%A7%90%EA%B8%B0.jpg/228px-%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%8B%A8%EB%A7%90%EA%B8%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2322" data-file-height="4128" /></a><figcaption>Card terminal in bus</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional_services">Regional services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Regional services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gyeongbu_Expressway_Bus_Only_Lane.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gyeongbu_Expressway_Bus_Only_Lane.JPG/220px-Gyeongbu_Expressway_Bus_Only_Lane.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gyeongbu_Expressway_Bus_Only_Lane.JPG/330px-Gyeongbu_Expressway_Bus_Only_Lane.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gyeongbu_Expressway_Bus_Only_Lane.JPG/440px-Gyeongbu_Expressway_Bus_Only_Lane.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Highway bus lane on <a href="/wiki/Gyeongbu_Expressway" title="Gyeongbu Expressway">Gyeongbu Expressway</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Virtually all towns in South Korea of all sizes are served by regional bus service. Regional routes are classified as <i>gosok bus</i> (고속버스, "high speed" express bus) or <i>sioe bus</i> (시외버스, "suburban" intercity bus) with gosok buses operating over the longer distances and making the fewest (if any) stops en route. Shioe buses typically operate over shorter distances, are somewhat slower, and make more stops. It is possible to reach another city by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hticket.co.kr/main.do">intercity buses</a>. From Seoul, the place is Express Bus Terminal, the subway station is served by Seoul Subway Lines 3, 7 and 9. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_services">Local services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Local services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seoul_Bus_Route_7017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Seoul_Bus_Route_7017.jpg/150px-Seoul_Bus_Route_7017.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Seoul_Bus_Route_7017.jpg/225px-Seoul_Bus_Route_7017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Seoul_Bus_Route_7017.jpg/300px-Seoul_Bus_Route_7017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3845" data-file-height="2531" /></a><figcaption>Local bus in Seoul</figcaption></figure> <p>Within cities and towns, two types of city bus operate in general: <i>jwaseok</i> (좌석, "coach") and <i>dosihyeong</i> (도시형, "city type") or <i>ipseok</i> (입석, "standing"). Both types of bus often serve the same routes, make the same (or fewer) stops and operate on similar frequencies, but jwaseok buses are more expensive and offer comfortable seating, while doshihyeong buses are cheaper and have fewer and less comfortable seats. Many small cities and towns do not have jwaseok buses and their buses are officially called <i>nongeochon</i> (농어촌, "rural area" bus). The local buses in Seoul and other cities are categorized by colours: the blue buses are trunk lines that cross the entire city, the green ones are circulator/short run lines that connect passengers with subway or railway stations, and the red buses are express lines go out of the city to nearby suburbs. </p><p>Some cities have their own bus classifying systems. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Bus type </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Daejeon" title="Daejeon">Daejeon</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Jwaseok (좌석)</td> <td>Rapid: Gwangyeok (광역), red<br />Trunk: Ganseon (간선), blue</td> <td>Rapid: Geuphaeng (급행)<br />Coach: Jwaseok (좌석)</td> <td>Rapid: Geuphaeng (급행)<br />Trunk Coach: Ganseon jwaseok (간선좌석)</td> <td>Rapid: Geuphaeng (급행), red<br />Trunk: Ganseon (간선), blue </td></tr> <tr> <td>Doshihyeong (도시형 also known as city style)/Ipseok (입석)</td> <td>Trunk: Ganseon (간선), blue<br />Branch: Jiseon (지선), green</td> <td>Regular: Ilban (일반)</td> <td>Circulation: Sunhwan (순환)<br />Trunk: Ganseon (간선)<br />Branch: Jiseon (간선)</td> <td>Trunk: Ganseon (간선), blue<br />Branch: Jiseon, green </td></tr> <tr> <td>Village</td> <td>Branch: Jiseon (지선), green<br />Circulation: Sunhwan (순환), yellow</td> <td>Village: Maeul-bus (마을버스 also known as village bus)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>Branch: Jiseon (지선), green<br />Outer: Oegwak (외곽), green<br />Village: Maeul-bus (마을버스) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_services">Other services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bus_Station_Incheon_Airport.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A limousine bus departing from Incheon Airport bus station to Jamsil subway station in Seoul." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Bus_Station_Incheon_Airport.JPG/170px-Bus_Station_Incheon_Airport.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Bus_Station_Incheon_Airport.JPG/255px-Bus_Station_Incheon_Airport.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Bus_Station_Incheon_Airport.JPG/340px-Bus_Station_Incheon_Airport.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="2288" /></a><figcaption>A limousine bus departing from <a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport" title="Incheon International Airport">Incheon International Airport</a> bus station</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport" title="Incheon International Airport">Incheon International Airport</a> is served by an extensive network of high-speed buses from all parts of the country. </p><p>Beginning in the late 1990s, many department stores operated their own small networks of free buses for shoppers, but government regulation, confirmed by a court decision on June 28, 2001, have banned department stores from operating buses.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, most churches, daycare centres and private schools send buses around to pick up their congregants, patients or pupils. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fares">Fares</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Fares"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bus fares vary depending on the type of bus, the method of payment, and the age of the passenger.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passengers pay the right fare by placing their transportation card, which they can fill with money prior, on a card terminal. Among the various types (mainly classified according to distance traveled), there is a separate application for bus booking. The app has a simple payment function and passengers can quickly make a reservation, choosing a boarding date and seat. There are machines at bus stops that allow passengers to check their remaining balance on their transportation cards. In addition, the arrival time and remaining seats of the buses at the bus stop in question are displayed on the electronic display board. Passengers can determine the arrival time of a bus on various transportation applications.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Roads">Roads</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Road_transport_in_South_Korea" title="Road transport in South Korea">Road transport in South Korea</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Expressways_in_South_Korea" title="Expressways in South Korea">Expressways in South Korea</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_South_Korea_Expressway.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Map_of_South_Korea_Expressway.PNG" decoding="async" width="189" height="257" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="257" /></a><figcaption>Expressway arteries throughout South Korea</figcaption></figure> <p>Highways in South Korea are classified as <a href="/wiki/Controlled-access_highway" title="Controlled-access highway">freeways</a> (expressways/motorways), national roads and various classifications below the national level. Almost all freeways are <a href="/wiki/Toll_highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Toll highway">toll highways</a> and most of the expressways are built, maintained and operated by <a href="/wiki/Korea_Expressway_Corporation" title="Korea Expressway Corporation">Korea Expressway Corporation</a> (KEC). </p><p>The freeway network serves most parts of South Korea. Tolls are collected using an <a href="/wiki/Electronic_toll_collection" title="Electronic toll collection">electronic toll collection</a> system. KEC also operates <a href="/wiki/Rest_area" title="Rest area">service amenities</a> (dining and service facilities) en route. </p><p>There are also several privately financed toll roads. <a href="/wiki/Nonsan-Cheonan_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonsan-Cheonan Expressway">Nonsan-Cheonan Expressway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daegu-Busan_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Daegu-Busan Expressway">Daegu-Busan Expressway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport_Expressway" title="Incheon International Airport Expressway">Incheon International Airport Expressway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seoul-Chuncheon_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway">Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway</a> and parts of the <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Ring_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Seoul Ring Expressway">Seoul Ring Expressway</a> are wholly privately funded and operated <a href="/wiki/Build-Operate-Transfer" class="mw-redirect" title="Build-Operate-Transfer">BOT</a> concessions. <a href="/wiki/Donghae_Expressway" title="Donghae Expressway">Donghae Expressway</a> was built in cooperation between KEC and the National Pension Service. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NoojiJCT_IncheonInternationalAirportExpressWay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/NoojiJCT_IncheonInternationalAirportExpressWay.jpg/220px-NoojiJCT_IncheonInternationalAirportExpressWay.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/NoojiJCT_IncheonInternationalAirportExpressWay.jpg/330px-NoojiJCT_IncheonInternationalAirportExpressWay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/NoojiJCT_IncheonInternationalAirportExpressWay.jpg/440px-NoojiJCT_IncheonInternationalAirportExpressWay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2732" data-file-height="2034" /></a><figcaption>Approaching Seoul from <a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport" title="Incheon International Airport">Incheon International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Total length of the South Korean road network was 86,989 km in 1998. Of this, 1,996 km was expressways and 12,447 km national roads. By 2009, combined length of the expressways had reached approximately 3,000 km, it mostly equal to the whole area of South Korea </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Total (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Expressways </th> <th>National roads </th> <th>Paved </th> <th>Unpaved </th></tr> <tr> <td>105,672 km </td> <td>4,138 km </td> <td>13,708 km </td> <td>89,701 km </td> <td>8,218 km </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bicycle">Bicycle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bicycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Korea, there is a record that <a href="/wiki/Soh_Jaipil" class="mw-redirect" title="Soh Jaipil">Seo Jae-pil</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> first introduced bicycles in 1895 after returning from the U.S. in the 1890s and toured the construction site of <a href="/wiki/Independence_Gate" title="Independence Gate">Independence Gate</a>. At that time, it was called a wheelbarrow, but the government named it Bicycle in the 1903s. </p><p>When other public transportation is crowded, office workers often use bicycles as a faster transportation method when commuting. As the number of bicycle riders increased, almost every part of the country also built bike lanes. Bicycle-only roads are mainly accessible, and are designed to reduce the contact accidents between pedestrians and bicycles.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_Benefits">Social Benefits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Social Benefits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are many bicycle clubs in South Korea, as many people enjoy riding bicycles as a leisure activity. Many join bicycle clubs so they can build a bond between people and live a healthier life. However, there are growing calls for improvement as they are driving on motorways rather than bicycle lanes, and are feared to cause contact accidents between bicycles and cars. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Waterways">Waterways</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Waterways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Virtually cut off from the Asian mainland, South Korea is a seafaring nation, with one of the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding" title="Shipbuilding">shipbuilding</a> industries and an extensive system of <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> services. South Korea operates one of the largest merchant fleets serving <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>. Most fleet operators are large conglomerates, while most ferry operators are small, private operators. </p><p>There are 1,609 km of navigable <a href="/wiki/Water_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Water transport">waterways</a> in South Korea, though use is restricted to small craft. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ferries">Ferries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Ferries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea_Busan_Pusan_International_Ferry_Terminal.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Korea_Busan_Pusan_International_Ferry_Terminal.JPG/230px-Korea_Busan_Pusan_International_Ferry_Terminal.JPG" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Korea_Busan_Pusan_International_Ferry_Terminal.JPG/345px-Korea_Busan_Pusan_International_Ferry_Terminal.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Korea_Busan_Pusan_International_Ferry_Terminal.JPG/460px-Korea_Busan_Pusan_International_Ferry_Terminal.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1504" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Busan International Ferry Terminal</figcaption></figure> <p>The southern and westerns coasts of the country are dotted with small islands which are served by ferries. In addition, the larger offshore <a href="/wiki/Jeju_Island" title="Jeju Island">Jeju</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ulleung-do" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulleung-do">Ulleung</a> Islands are also served by <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a>. Major centres for <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> service include <a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mokpo" title="Mokpo">Mokpo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a>, as well as China and Japan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ports_and_harbours">Ports and harbours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Ports and harbours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The cities have major ports <a href="/wiki/Jinhae" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinhae">Jinhae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gunsan" title="Gunsan">Gunsan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masan_(Korea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Masan (Korea)">Masan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mokpo" title="Mokpo">Mokpo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a> ( <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Busan" title="Port of Busan">Busan Port</a>), <a href="/wiki/Donghae_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Donghae City">Donghae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yeosu" title="Yeosu">Yeosu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeju_City" title="Jeju City">Jeju</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merchant_Marine">Merchant Marine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Merchant Marine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1999, there was a total of 461 <a href="/wiki/Merchant_ship" title="Merchant ship">merchant ships</a> (1,000 GT or over) totalling 5,093,620 GT/8,100,634 tonnes <a href="/wiki/Deadweight_tonnage" title="Deadweight tonnage">deadweight</a> (DWT). These are divisible by type as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>bulk 98</li> <li>cargo 149</li> <li>chemical tanker 39</li> <li>combination bulk 4</li> <li>container 53</li> <li>liquefied gas 13</li> <li>multi-functional large load carrier 1</li> <li>passenger 3</li> <li>petroleum tanker 61</li> <li>refrigerated cargo 26</li> <li>roll-on/roll-off 4</li> <li>specialised tanker 4</li> <li>vehicle carrier 6</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Air_travel">Air travel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Air travel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air" title="Korean Air">Korean Air</a> was founded by the government in 1962 to replace <a href="/wiki/Korean_National_Airlines" title="Korean National Airlines">Korean National Airlines</a> and has been privately owned since 1969. It was South Korea's sole airline until 1988. In 2008, Korean Air served 2,164 million passengers, including 1,249 million international passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A second carrier, <a href="/wiki/Asiana_Airlines" title="Asiana Airlines">Asiana Airlines</a>, was established in 1988 and originally served Seoul, <a href="/wiki/Jeju_City" title="Jeju City">Jeju</a> and <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a> domestically and <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> internationally. By 2006, Asiana served 12 domestic cities, 66 cities in 20 foreign countries for commercial traffic and 24 cities in 17 countries for cargo traffic.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Combined, South Korean airlines currently serve 297 international routes.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smaller airliners, such as <a href="/wiki/Air_Busan" title="Air Busan">Air Busan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jin_Air" title="Jin Air">Jin Air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastar_Jet" title="Eastar Jet">Eastar Jet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeju_Air" title="Jeju Air">Jeju Air</a>, provide domestic service and Japan/Southeast Asian route with lower fares. </p><p>South Korea contains the <a href="/wiki/List_of_busiest_passenger_air_routes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of busiest passenger air routes">busiest passenger air corridor</a> as measured by passengers per year. Over ten million people traveled between Seoul Gimpo Airport and Jeju in 2015 alone. As competition is fierce and prices affordable, the trend has been increasingly towards more air travel on this route. Similarly, air travel is also growing between Jeju and other mainland airports. There is discussion about a <a href="/wiki/Jeju_Undersea_Tunnel" title="Jeju Undersea Tunnel">Jeju Undersea Tunnel</a> which would make many of these domestic flights redundant. </p><p>Along other routes, air travel competes with the KTX <a href="/wiki/High_speed_rail" class="mw-redirect" title="High speed rail">high speed rail</a> service and has declined in the 2000s and 2010s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_South_Korea" title="List of airports in South Korea">List of airports in South Korea</a></div> <p>Construction of South Korea's largest airport, <a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport" title="Incheon International Airport">Incheon International Airport</a>, was completed in 2001, in time for the <a href="/wiki/2002_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2002 FIFA World Cup">2002 FIFA World Cup</a>. By 2007, the airport was serving 30 million passengers a year.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airport has been selected as the "Best Airport Worldwide" for four consecutive years since 2005 by <a href="/wiki/Airports_Council_International" title="Airports Council International">Airports Council International</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seoul is also served by <a href="/wiki/Gimpo_International_Airport" title="Gimpo International Airport">Gimpo International Airport</a> (formerly Kimpo International Airport). International routes mainly serve <a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport" title="Incheon International Airport">Incheon</a>, while domestic services mainly use <a href="/wiki/Gimpo_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Gimpo Airport">Gimpo</a>. Other major airports are in <a href="/wiki/Gimhae_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Gimhae Airport">Busan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeju_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeju Airport">Jeju</a>. </p><p>There are 103 airports in <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> (1999 est.) and these may be classified as follows. </p><p><b>Airports with paved runways:</b> <br /><i>total:</i> 67 <br /><i>over 3,047 m:</i> 1 <br /><i>2,438 to 3,047 m:</i> 18 <br /><i>1,524 to 2,437 m:</i> 15 <br /><i>914 to 1,523 m:</i> 13 <br /><i>under 914 m:</i> 20 (1999 est.) </p><p><b>Airports with unpaved runways:</b> <br /><i>total:</i> 36 <br /><i>over 3,047 m:</i> 1 <br /><i>914 to 1,523 m:</i> 3 <br /><i>under 914 m:</i> 32 (1999 est.) </p><p><b>Heliports:</b> 203 (1999 est.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Problems">Problems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Problems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The South Korean public transportation system is very advanced, with its capital Seoul being "often ranked as having one of the best public transportation systems in the world. It can be seen as operating in systems that are easy to understand, having clean facilities, being timely, providing services like free wifi, etc. <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless, it still has its issues. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Frequent_Transfers">Frequent Transfers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Frequent Transfers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many have noted having to transfer too often as a problem in public transportation, believing it was necessary to reduce the travel time, or distance, in urban and residential areas as much as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, urban lawmakers also plan to deploy the existing mega-sized complex centers on a small scale and deploy residential and commercial facilities in various places. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inclusion_of_Taxis">Inclusion of Taxis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Inclusion of Taxis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In South Korea, public transportation methods and facilities, like buses and railroad stations, receive financial support from the government. Not included in the list are taxis. Some South Koreans argue that taxi drivers should be included in public transportation even if they do not have regular connections due to the nature of taxis.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, other South Koreans disagree and express their opinions that what is considered the current means of public transportation should be maintained. </p><p>Some members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Korea)" title="National Assembly (South Korea)">National Assembly of the Republic of Korea</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> proposed a bill to include taxis<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the scope of public transportation in 2012, but bus drivers and operators decided to suspend the operation of buses in Korea in protest. In addition, the bill was opposed by the South Korean government. In April 2023, another bill has been put forward to include taxis in the group of public transportation methods.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accommodations">Accommodations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Accommodations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Public transportation in South Korea lack accommodations for people with disabilities. For buses, there are <a href="/wiki/Low-floor_bus" title="Low-floor bus">low floor buses</a> with low footrest heights and though they have increased in number compared to the past, they are still lacking. There are some areas where low-floor buses have difficulty running, making people who use them face difficulty when traveling to those areas.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For subways, there are elevators and spaces for wheelchairs to help people with disabilities travel, however these places are often crowded and used by other passengers as well. Even for taxis (which are still being debated on being a part of public transportation), people with disabilities must reserve priorly to ride a taxi, and even then, usually have to wait a long time before it arrives. The lack of accommodations in the transportation system also has a social effect, as it has affected the number of people with disabilities who leave their homes to travel.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accidents">Accidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Accidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bus">Bus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Bus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Drowsy driving is more prevalent than expected among the causes of accidents. There are also various types of accidents, such as hitting a person on the road, sliding on a snow road, and falling below a cliff. Buses are likely to be accompanied by casualties in the event of an accident.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subway">Subway</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Subway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Subway accidents are constant, with its the biggest reason being the aging of the subway. In the case of Seoul, it has been operating the Seoul Metro for about 40 years. Besides aging, there are also traffic errors between subways and lack of safety personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bicycle_2">Bicycle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Bicycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bicycles are often caused by collisions between people, cars and bicycles. It is expected that people wear helmets when riding a bike, but it is not uncommon to find people who do not. There is also a case of riding a bicycle on a motorway.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etiquette">Etiquette</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Etiquette"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In South Korean buses and subways, proper etiquette includes not talking or calling loudly as the systems are used by many other people, keeping the facilities clean, and avoiding the consumption of foods. For safety reasons, passengers board in order and get off in turn. In the subway, the proper system of passengers getting on and off is considered to be waiting for passengers to get off first and then getting on. Younger individuals are expected to give up their seat when the elderly and the weak board on the bus or subway as well.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pipelines">Pipelines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Pipelines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South%E2%80%93North_Pipeline_Korea" title="South–North Pipeline Korea">South–North Pipeline Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans_Korea_Pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans Korea Pipeline">Trans Korea Pipeline</a></li></ul> <p>These pipelines are for petroleum products. Additionally, there is a parallel petroleum, oils and lubricants (POL) pipeline being completed </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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North Korea">Transportation in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Transport_Institute" title="The Korea Transport Institute">The Korea Transport Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plug-in_electric_vehicles_in_South_Korea" title="Plug-in electric vehicles in South Korea">Plug-in electric vehicles in South Korea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription 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.cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/cntrystd.kr"><i>South Korea: A Country Study</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>.</cite><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lonely+Planet&rft.atitle=Getting+around+Seoul+is+easy+for+first-timers+with+these+simple+tips&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lonelyplanet.com%2Farticles%2Fgetting-around-seoul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation web cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citymetric.com/transport/everything-you-ever-wanted-know-about-seoul-metro-system-were-too-afraid-ask-3702">"Everything you ever wanted to know about the Seoul Metro System but were too afraid to ask"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everything+you+ever+wanted+to+know+about+the+Seoul+Metro+System+but+were+too+afraid+to+ask&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citymetric.com%2Ftransport%2Feverything-you-ever-wanted-know-about-seoul-metro-system-were-too-afraid-ask-3702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation web cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.korea4expats.com/article-taxi-korea.html">"Using Taxis in Korea"</a>. <i>Korea4expats</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Korea4expats&rft.atitle=Using+Taxis+in+Korea&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.korea4expats.com%2Farticle-taxi-korea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation web cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://korea.assembly.go.kr:447/res/low_02_read.jsp?boardid=1000000036">"The National Assembly of The Republic of Korea"</a>. <i>The National Assembly of The Republic of Korea</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National+Assembly+of+The+Republic+of+Korea&rft.atitle=The+National+Assembly+of+The+Republic+of+Korea&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkorea.assembly.go.kr%3A447%2Fres%2Flow_02_read.jsp%3Fboardid%3D1000000036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation web cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.korea4expats.com/article-seoul-cab-rates.html">"Taxi Fares Seoul"</a>. <i>Korea4expats</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Korea4expats&rft.atitle=Taxi+Fares+Seoul&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.korea4expats.com%2Farticle-seoul-cab-rates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF이투데이2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">이투데이 (2023-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoday.co.kr/news/view/2245311">"택시도 대중교통수단 포함?…대중교통법 개정안 10년 만에 재추진"</a>. <i>이투데이</i> (in Korean)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%EC%9D%B4%ED%88%AC%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4&rft.atitle=%ED%83%9D%EC%8B%9C%EB%8F%84+%EB%8C%80%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5%EC%88%98%EB%8B%A8+%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%3F%E2%80%A6%EB%8C%80%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5%EB%B2%95+%EA%B0%9C%EC%A0%95%EC%95%88+10%EB%85%84+%EB%A7%8C%EC%97%90+%EC%9E%AC%EC%B6%94%EC%A7%84&rft.date=2023-05-01&rft.au=%EC%9D%B4%ED%88%AC%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etoday.co.kr%2Fnews%2Fview%2F2245311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sisaweek.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=118391">"Low-floor bus supply 'mountain of problems'(저상버스 보급 '문제 산더미')"</a>. <i>시사위크</i> (in Korean).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%EC%8B%9C%EC%82%AC%EC%9C%84%ED%81%AC&rft.atitle=Low-floor+bus+supply+%27mountain+of+problems%27%28%EC%A0%80%EC%83%81%EB%B2%84%EC%8A%A4+%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%89+%27%EB%AC%B8%EC%A0%9C+%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%94%EB%AF%B8%27%29&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sisaweek.com%2Fnews%2FarticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D118391&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abckr.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=49440">"[기획] '장애인 이동권'…'장애인'이 안 보이는 '대중교통'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>뉴스엔뷰</i> (in Korean). 2023-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%EB%89%B4%EC%8A%A4%EC%97%94%EB%B7%B0&rft.atitle=%5B%EA%B8%B0%ED%9A%8D%5D+%27%EC%9E%A5%EC%95%A0%EC%9D%B8+%EC%9D%B4%EB%8F%99%EA%B6%8C%27%E2%80%A6%27%EC%9E%A5%EC%95%A0%EC%9D%B8%27%EC%9D%B4+%EC%95%88+%EB%B3%B4%EC%9D%B4%EB%8A%94+%27%EB%8C%80%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5%27&rft.date=2023-01-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abckr.net%2Fnews%2FarticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D49440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation news cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3021581">"Bus accident causes a debate over road rules"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Korea_JoongAng_Daily" title="Korea JoongAng Daily">Korea JoongAng Daily</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korea+JoongAng+Daily&rft.atitle=Bus+accident+causes+a+debate+over+road+rules&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkoreajoongangdaily.joins.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Farticle.aspx%3Faid%3D3021581&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation news cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20191025004700315">"Bus crash into passenger car kills 1 high school student in Seoul"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yonhap_News_Agency" title="Yonhap News Agency">Yonhap News Agency</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yonhap+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Bus+crash+into+passenger+car+kills+1+high+school+student+in+Seoul&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.yna.co.kr%2Fview%2FAEN20191025004700315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation news cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/2-dead-16-hurt-in-seoul-highway-bus-accident-report-9018716">"2 dead, 16 hurt in Seoul highway bus accident: Report"</a>. <i>channelnewsasia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=channelnewsasia&rft.atitle=2+dead%2C+16+hurt+in+Seoul+highway+bus+accident%3A+Report&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fnews%2Fasia%2F2-dead-16-hurt-in-seoul-highway-bus-accident-report-9018716&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/View/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0001991026">"지하철 사고 왜 많은가 했더니, 이런 이유 있었다"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/OhmyNews" title="OhmyNews">OhmyNews</a></i> (in Korean).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OhmyNews&rft.atitle=%EC%A7%80%ED%95%98%EC%B2%A0+%EC%82%AC%EA%B3%A0+%EC%99%9C+%EB%A7%8E%EC%9D%80%EA%B0%80+%ED%96%88%EB%8D%94%EB%8B%88%2C+%EC%9D%B4%EB%9F%B0+%EC%9D%B4%EC%9C%A0+%EC%9E%88%EC%97%88%EB%8B%A4&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohmynews.com%2FNWS_Web%2FView%2Fat_pg.aspx%3FCNTN_CD%3DA0001991026&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation journal cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20180620000830">"No. of deaths in bicycle accidents rises 11.5%"</a>. <i>The Korea Herald</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Herald&rft.atitle=No.+of+deaths+in+bicycle+accidents+rises+11.5%25&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D20180620000830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1077940/south-korea-number-of-bicycle-accidents/">"South Korea: number of bicycle accidents 2009-2018"</a>. <i>Statista</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=South+Korea%3A+number+of+bicycle+accidents+2009-2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F1077940%2Fsouth-korea-number-of-bicycle-accidents%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hotcoursesabroad.com/study-in-south-korea/destination-guides/seoul-subway-etiquette/">"Seoul subway etiquette"</a>. <i>www.hotcoursesabroad.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=10+Magazine+Korea&rft.atitle=The+10+Commandments+of+Subway+Etiquette+In+Korea&rft.date=2016-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F10mag.com%2Fthe-10-commandments-of-subway-etiquette-in-korea%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2020" class="citation web cs1">Yoon, Kim (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seoulmetro.co.kr/en/page.do?menuIdx=645">"How to use the subway"</a>. <i>Seoul Metro</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seoul+Metro&rft.atitle=How+to+use+the+subway&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seoulmetro.co.kr%2Fen%2Fpage.do%3FmenuIdx%3D645&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport+in+South+Korea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030210160142/http://www.freeway.co.kr/eng/html/Corporation/sub01_01.html">Korea Expressway Corporation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030826113210/http://www.freeway.co.kr/eng/html/MajorJob/sub03_06.html">Freeway system map</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreanair.com/">Korean Air</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://flyasiana.com/">Asiana Airlines</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020212134144/http://www.airport.or.kr/Eng/home.jsp">Incheon International Airport</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030805101002/http://www.airport.co.kr/eng/dba/airport/gimpo/">Gimpo International Airport</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Transport_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Transport_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Transport in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Afghanistan" title="Transport in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Armenia" title="Transport in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Azerbaijan" title="Transport in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bahrain" title="Transport in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bangladesh" title="Transport in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bhutan" title="Transport in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Brunei" title="Transport in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Cambodia" title="Transport in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_China" title="Transport in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Cyprus" title="Transport in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_East_Timor" title="Transport in East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Egypt" title="Transport in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Transport in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Indonesia" title="Transport in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Iran" title="Transport in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Iraq" title="Transport in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Israel" title="Transport in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Japan" title="Transport in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Jordan" title="Transport in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kazakhstan" title="Transport in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_North_Korea" title="Transport in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kuwait" title="Transport in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Transport in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Laos" title="Transport in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Lebanon" title="Transport in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Malaysia" title="Transport in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Maldives" title="Transport in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Mongolia" title="Transport in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Myanmar" title="Transport in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Nepal" title="Transport in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Oman" title="Transport in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Pakistan" title="Transport in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Qatar" title="Transport in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Russia" title="Transport in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Transport in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Singapore" title="Transport in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Transport in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Syria" title="Transport in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Tajikistan" title="Transport in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Thailand" title="Transport in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Turkey" title="Transport in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Turkmenistan" title="Transport in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Transport in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Uzbekistan" title="Transport in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Vietnam" title="Transport in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Yemen" title="Transport in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Transport in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transport in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transport in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Hong_Kong" title="Transport in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Macau" title="Transport in Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Index_of_Korea-related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Korea_topics" title="Template:Korea topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Korea_topics" title="Template talk:Korea topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Korea_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Korea topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Index_of_Korea-related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Index of Korea-related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History_of_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Korea" title="History of Korea">History of Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Korea" title="Military history of Korea">Military history of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Korea" title="List of monarchs of Korea">List of monarchs of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Korean_history" title="Timeline of Korean history">Timeline of Korean history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chronology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gojoseon" title="Gojoseon">Gojoseon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dangun_Joseon" class="mw-redirect" title="Dangun Joseon">Dangun Joseon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gija_Joseon" title="Gija Joseon">Gija Joseon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wiman_Joseon" title="Wiman Joseon">Wiman Joseon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jin_(Korean_state)" title="Jin (Korean state)">Jin (Korean state)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto%E2%80%93Three_Kingdoms_period" title="Proto–Three Kingdoms period">Proto–Three Kingdoms of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buyeo" title="Buyeo">Buyeo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Okjeo" title="Okjeo">Okjeo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ye" title="Eastern Ye">Dongye</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samhan" title="Samhan">Samhan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Four Commanderies of Han">Four Commanderies of Han</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms_of_Korea" title="Three Kingdoms of Korea">Three Kingdoms of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> / <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gaya_confederacy" title="Gaya confederacy">Gaya confederacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_States_period" title="Northern and Southern States period">North–South States Period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Silla" class="mw-redirect" title="United Silla">Later Silla</a> / <a href="/wiki/Balhae" title="Balhae">Balhae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Later_Three_Kingdoms" title="Later Three Kingdoms">Later Three Kingdoms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taebong" title="Taebong">Taebong</a> / <a href="/wiki/Later_Baekje" title="Later Baekje">Later Baekje</a> / <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goryeo" title="Goryeo">Goryeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korean Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Korea under Japanese rule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Korea" title="Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea">Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Korea" title="Division of Korea">Division of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Military_Government_in_Korea" title="United States Army Military Government in Korea">United States Army Military Government in Korea</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Civil_Administration" title="Soviet Civil Administration">Soviet Civil Administration</a> / <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_South_Korea" title="History of South Korea">History of South Korea</a> / <a href="/wiki/History_of_North_Korea" title="History of North Korea">History of North Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography_of_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Korea" title="Geography of Korea">Geography of Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_North_Korea" title="Template:Borders of North Korea">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korean Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Korea">List of islands of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Korea" title="List of lakes of Korea">List of lakes of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Korea" title="List of mountains in Korea">List of mountains in Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Korea" title="List of rivers of Korea">List of rivers of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Korea" title="Provinces of Korea">Provinces of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Korea" title="Regions of Korea">Regions of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_South_Korea" title="Geology of South Korea">Geology of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floods_in_Korea" title="Floods in Korea">Floods in Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_North_Korea" title="Geography of North Korea">Geography of North Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_North_Korea" title="Administrative divisions of North Korea">Administrative divisions of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_North_Korea" title="List of cities in North Korea">List of cities in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_North_Korea" title="Special cities of North Korea">Special cities of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_North_Korea" title="Geology of North Korea">Geology of North Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Korea" title="Geography of South Korea">Geography of South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_South_Korea" title="Administrative divisions of South Korea">Administrative divisions of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_South_Korea" title="Environment of South Korea">Environment of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of cities in South Korea">List of cities in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_special_cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of special cities of South Korea">List of special cities of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_South_Korea" title="List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea">List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Politics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_North_Korea" title="Constitution of North Korea">Constitution of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">Foreign relations of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="North Korea–South Korea relations">Relations with South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_North_Korea" title="Government of North Korea">Government of North Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Leader_(North_Korean_title)" title="Supreme Leader (North Korean title)">Supreme Leader of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_North_Korea" title="List of heads of state of North Korea">Heads of state of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_North_Korea" title="Premier of North Korea">Premier of North Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_North_Korea" title="Human rights in North Korea">Human rights in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army" title="Korean People's Army">Korean People's Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_North_Korea" title="Law of North Korea">Law of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_North_Korea" title="Politics of North Korea">Politics of North Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_North_Korea" title="Elections in North Korea">Elections in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_North_Korea#Political_parties_and_elections" title="Politics of North Korea">Politics of North Korea#Political parties and elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea">General Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Politburo of the Workers' Party of Korea">Politburo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Korea">Secretariat</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Affairs_Commission_of_North_Korea" title="State Affairs Commission of North Korea">State Affairs Commission of North Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_State_Affairs_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the State Affairs Commission">President of State Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="North Korea and weapons of mass destruction">North Korea and weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Assembly" title="Supreme People's Assembly">Supreme People's Assembly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Korea" title="Constitution of South Korea">Constitution of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Korea" title="Foreign relations of South Korea">Foreign relations of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="North Korea–South Korea relations">Relations with North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Korea" title="Government of South Korea">Government of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Korea" title="President of South Korea">President of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_South_Korea" title="Prime Minister of South Korea">Prime Minister of South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_South_Korea" title="Human rights in South Korea">Human rights in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of Korea Armed Forces">Republic of Korea Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_South_Korea" title="Politics of South Korea">Politics of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Korea" title="Elections in South Korea">Elections in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_South_Korea" title="Presidential elections in South Korea">Presidential elections in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_elections_in_South_Korea" title="Legislative elections in South Korea">Legislative elections in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_South_Korea" title="List of political parties in South Korea">List of political parties in South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="South Korea and weapons of mass destruction">South Korea and weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Korea)" title="National Assembly (South Korea)">National Assembly (South Korea)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_South_Korea" title="Judiciary of South Korea">Judiciary of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Korea" title="Supreme Court of Korea">Supreme Court of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Korea" title="Constitutional Court of Korea">Constitutional Court of Korea</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Economy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Korea" title="Economy of North Korea">Economy of North Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_North_Korea" title="Automotive industry in North Korea">Automotive industry in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_North_Korea" title="Energy in North Korea">Energy in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_North_Korea" title="Telecommunications in North Korea">Telecommunications in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_North_Korea" title="Tourism in North Korea">Tourism in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_North_Korea" title="Transport in North Korea">Transport in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_won" title="North Korean won">North Korean won</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_North_Korea" title="Agriculture in North Korea">Agriculture in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_famine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean famine">North Korean famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangmadang" title="Jangmadang">Jangmadang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_North_Korea" title="Mining in North Korea">Mining in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rason_Special_Economic_Zone" title="Rason Special Economic Zone">Rason Special Economic Zone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">Economy of South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_South_Korea" title="Automotive industry in South Korea">Automotive industry in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_inequality_in_South_Korea" title="Economic inequality in South Korea">Economic inequality in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_South_Korea" title="Energy in South Korea">Energy in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_South_Korea" title="Telecommunications in South Korea">Telecommunications in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_South_Korea" title="Tourism in South Korea">Tourism in South Korea</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Transport in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_won" title="South Korean won">South Korean won</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaebol" title="Chaebol">Chaebol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_services_in_South_Korea" title="Financial services in South Korea">Financial services in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_South_Korea" title="Fishing industry in South Korea">Fishing industry in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_on_the_Han_River" title="Miracle on the Han River">Miracle on the Han River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_South_Korea" title="Science and technology in South Korea">Science and technology in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_South_Korea" title="Squatting in South Korea">Squatting in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_South_Korea" title="Trade unions in South Korea">Trade unions in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Demographics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Demographics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koreans" title="Koreans">Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_North_Korea" title="Demographics of North Korea">Demographics of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Korea" title="Demographics of South Korea">Demographics of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_South_Korea" title="Aging of South Korea">Aging of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_South_Korea" title="Gender inequality in South Korea">Gender inequality in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_birth_rate_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Low birth rate in South Korea">Low birth rate in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_adoption_of_South_Korean_children" title="International adoption of South Korean children">International adoption of South Korean children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreatown" title="Koreatown">Koreatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_name" title="Korean name">Korean name</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture_of_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Korea" title="Culture of Korea">Culture of Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Korea" title="Cinema of Korea">Cinema of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Korean cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalization_in_South_Korea" title="Globalization in South Korea">Globalization in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_martial_arts" title="Korean martial arts">Korean martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_mythology" title="Korean mythology">Korean mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_philosophy" title="Korean philosophy">Korean philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Korea" title="Religion in Korea">Religion in Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ssireum" title="Ssireum">Ssireum</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(wrestling)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_sword" title="Korean sword">Korean sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_tea_ceremony" title="Korean tea ceremony">Korean tea ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattooing_in_South_Korea" title="Tattooing in South Korea">Tattooing in South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Korean_art" title="Korean art">Korean art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_architecture" title="Korean architecture">Korean architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_calligraphy" title="Korean calligraphy">Korean calligraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_drama" title="Korean drama">Korean drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_literature" title="Korean literature">Korean literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_music_of_Korea" title="Traditional music of Korea">Traditional music of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_painting" title="Korean painting">Korean painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_pottery_and_porcelain" title="Korean pottery and porcelain">Korean pottery and porcelain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_North_Korea" title="Culture of North Korea">Culture of North Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_North_Korea" title="Education in North Korea">Education in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_literature" title="North Korean literature">North Korean literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Korea" title="Religion in North Korea">Religion in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_North_Korea" title="Smoking in North Korea">Smoking in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_North_Korea" title="Sport in North Korea">Sport in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arirang_Mass_Games" title="Arirang Mass Games">Arirang Festival</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_North_Korea" title="Propaganda in North Korea">Propaganda in North Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_South_Korea" title="Culture of South Korea">Culture of South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_South_Korea" title="Education in South Korea">Education in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Korea" title="Religion in South Korea">Religion in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_South_Korea" title="Smoking in South Korea">Smoking in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_South_Korea" title="Sport in South Korea">Sport in South Korea</a></li> <li>Cultural icons</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Wave" title="Korean Wave">Korean Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriage in South Korea">Marriage in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_South_Korea" title="Mass media in South Korea">Media of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_South_Korea" title="Sexuality in South Korea">Sexuality in South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&oldid=1257116578#Air_travel">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_South_Korea&oldid=1257116578#Air_travel</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Transport_in_South_Korea" title="Category:Transport in South Korea">Transport in South Korea</a></li></ul></div><div 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