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Amaratunge</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Sampath Amaratunge"> <meta name="keywords" content="Sampath Amaratunge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Sampath Amaratunge"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 18</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Sampath Amaratunge</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Sri Lanka-Middle East Labour Migration Corridor: Trends, Patterns and Structural Changes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesha%20Siriwardhane">Dinesha Siriwardhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indralal%20De%20Silva"> Indralal De Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sampath%20Amaratunge"> Sampath Amaratunge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective of this study is to explore the recent trends, patterns and the structural changes in the labour migration from Sri Lanka to Middle East countries and to discuss the possible impacts of those changes on the remittance flow. Study uses secondary data published by Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment and Central Bank. Thematic analysis of the secondary data revealed that the migration for labour has increased rapidly during past decades. Parallel with that the gender and the skill composition of the migration flow has been changing. Similarly, the destinations for male migration have changed over the period. These show positive implications on the international remittance receipts to the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20east" title=" middle east"> middle east</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sciences" title=" social sciences"> social sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20557/sri-lanka-middle-east-labour-migration-corridor-trends-patterns-and-structural-changes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Assessment of Mortgage Applications Using Fuzzy Logic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swathi%20Sampath">Swathi Sampath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Kalaichelvi"> V. Kalaichelvi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The assessment of the risk posed by a borrower to a lender is one of the common problems that financial institutions have to deal with. Consumers vying for a mortgage are generally compared to each other by the use of a number called the Credit Score, which is generated by applying a mathematical algorithm to information in the applicant’s credit report. The higher the credit score, the lower the risk posed by the candidate, and the better he is to be taken on by the lender. The objective of the present work is to use fuzzy logic and linguistic rules to create a model that generates Credit Scores. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credit%20scoring" title="credit scoring">credit scoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortgage" title=" mortgage"> mortgage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16553/assessment-of-mortgage-applications-using-fuzzy-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16553.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Fuzzy Based Stabilizer Control System for Quad-Rotor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20G.%20Sampath">B. G. Sampath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20C.%20R.%20Perera"> K. C. R. Perera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20S.%20I.%20Wijesuriya"> W. A. S. I. Wijesuriya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20P.%20C.%20Dassanayake"> V. P. C. Dassanayake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper the design, development and testing of a stabilizer control system for a Quad-rotor is presented which is focused on the maneuverability. The mechanical design is performed along with the design of the controlling algorithm which is devised using fuzzy logic controller. The inputs for the system are the angular positions and angular rates of the Quad-Rotor relative to three axes. Then the output data is filtered from an accelerometer and a gyroscope through a Kalman filter. In the development of the stability controlling system Mandani Fuzzy Model is incorporated. The results prove that the fuzzy based stabilizer control system is superior in high dynamic disturbances compared to the traditional systems which use PID integrated stabilizer control systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20stabilizer" title="fuzzy stabilizer">fuzzy stabilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maneuverability" title=" maneuverability"> maneuverability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PID" title=" PID"> PID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quad-rotor" title=" quad-rotor"> quad-rotor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3960/fuzzy-based-stabilizer-control-system-for-quad-rotor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Attachment and Self Esteem among Adolescents of Separated Parents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aswathy%20Sampath">Aswathy Sampath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the levels of self esteem and attachment among adolescents of divorced and non-divorced parents. Adolescent is a period which is most prodigious yet stressful period of development in a human’s life hence it is important to study the effects on them. The study was conducted on total 60 adolescents, 30 in each group, from the area of Trivandrum, Kerala as it is the top rated in the number of divorce cases in India. The data was collected using Rosenberg’s self esteem scale and IPPA (father, mother and peer) The results of this study were analyzed using t test and found that there is no significance difference in the level of self esteem and attachment (father, mother and peer). This is due to the cultural elements that give support to the individual and also the type of family as it is much different from the west. Although, there was no significant result, there were higher mean scores in the attachment towards peer for children who are from separated family background or in other words adolescents whose parents were divorced. This tells us the essence of social support. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title="adolescent">adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment" title=" attachment"> attachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20esteem" title=" self esteem"> self esteem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29053/attachment-and-self-esteem-among-adolescents-of-separated-parents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> A Deep Learning Based Integrated Model For Spatial Flood Prediction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinayaka%20Gude%20Divya%20Sampath">Vinayaka Gude Divya Sampath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research introduces an integrated prediction model to assess the susceptibility of roads in a future flooding event. The model consists of deep learning algorithm for forecasting gauge height data and Flood Inundation Mapper (FIM) for spatial flooding. An optimal architecture for Long short-term memory network (LSTM) was identified for the gauge located on Tangipahoa River at Robert, LA. Dropout was applied to the model to evaluate the uncertainty associated with the predictions. The estimates are then used along with FIM to identify the spatial flooding. Further geoprocessing in ArcGIS provides the susceptibility values for different roads. The model was validated based on the devastating flood of August 2016. The paper discusses the challenges for generalization the methodology for other locations and also for various types of flooding. The developed model can be used by the transportation department and other emergency response organizations for effective disaster management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20management" title=" disaster management"> disaster management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20prediction" title=" flood prediction"> flood prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20flooding" title=" urban flooding"> urban flooding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129566/a-deep-learning-based-integrated-model-for-spatial-flood-prediction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Agarose Based Multifunctional Nanofibrous Bandages for Wound Healing Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachin%20Latiyan">Sachin Latiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20S.%20Sampath%20Kumar"> T. S. Sampath Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20Doble"> Mukesh Doble</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural polymer based nanofibrous wound dressings have gained increased attention because of their high surface area, bioactivity, biodegradability and resemblance to extracellular matrix. Agarose (a natural polymer) have been used largely for angiogenesis, cartilage formation and wound healing applications. However, electrospinning of agarose is tedious thereby rendering limited studies on fabrication and evaluation of agarose based nanofibrous wound dressings. Thus, present study focuses on the fabrication of agarose (10% w/v)/ polyvinyl alcohol (12% w/v) based multifunctional nanofibrous scaffolds. Zinc citrate (1, 3 and 5% w/w of the polymer) was added as a potential antibacterial agent to combat wound infections. The fabricated scaffolds exhibit ~500% swelling (in phosphate buffer saline) with enhanced mechanical strength which is suitable for most of the wound healing applications. In vitro studies were found to reveal an increased migration and proliferation of L929 mouse fibroblasts with agarose blends w.r.t to the control. The fabricated dressings were found to be effective against both Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) bacterial strains. Hence, a multifunctional (as provides effective swelling and mechanical support along with antibacterial property), natural product based, eco-friendly scaffold was successfully fabricated to serve as a potential wound dressing material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20dressings" title="antibacterial dressings">antibacterial dressings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benign%20solvent" title=" benign solvent"> benign solvent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofibrous%20agarose" title=" nanofibrous agarose"> nanofibrous agarose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocompatibility" title=" biocompatibility"> biocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20swelling%20and%20mechanical%20strength" title=" enhanced swelling and mechanical strength"> enhanced swelling and mechanical strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopolymeric%20dressings" title=" biopolymeric dressings"> biopolymeric dressings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152755/agarose-based-multifunctional-nanofibrous-bandages-for-wound-healing-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Design of Robust and Intelligent Controller for Active Removal of Space Debris</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabadini%20Sampath">Shabadini Sampath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinglang%20Feng"> Jinglang Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With huge kinetic energy, space debris poses a major threat to astronauts’ space activities and spacecraft in orbit if a collision happens. The active removal of space debris is required in order to avoid frequent collisions that would occur. In addition, the amount of space debris will increase uncontrollably, posing a threat to the safety of the entire space system. But the safe and reliable removal of large-scale space debris has been a huge challenge to date. While capturing and deorbiting space debris, the space manipulator has to achieve high control precision. However, due to uncertainties and unknown disturbances, there is difficulty in coordinating the control of the space manipulator. To address this challenge, this paper focuses on developing a robust and intelligent control algorithm that controls joint movement and restricts it on the sliding manifold by reducing uncertainties. A neural network adaptive sliding mode controller (NNASMC) is applied with the objective of finding the control law such that the joint motions of the space manipulator follow the given trajectory. A computed torque control (CTC) is an effective motion control strategy that is used in this paper for computing space manipulator arm torque to generate the required motion. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, the proposed intelligent controller NNASMC and CTC guarantees the robustness and global asymptotic stability of the closed-loop control system. Finally, the controllers used in the paper are modeled and simulated using MATLAB Simulink. The results are presented to prove the effectiveness of the proposed controller approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNC" title="GNC">GNC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20removal%20of%20space%20debris" title=" active removal of space debris"> active removal of space debris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI%20controllers" title=" AI controllers"> AI controllers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MatLabSimulink" title=" MatLabSimulink"> MatLabSimulink</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161883/design-of-robust-and-intelligent-controller-for-active-removal-of-space-debris" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Collagen Silver Lipid Nanoparticles as Matrix and Fillers for Cosmeceuticals: An In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumari%20Kajal">Kumari Kajal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muthu%20Kumar%20Sampath"> Muthu Kumar Sampath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hare%20Ram%20Singh"> Hare Ram Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this context, the formulation and characterization of collagen silver lipid nanoparticles (CSLNs) were studied for their capacity to serve as fillers/matrix materials used in cosmeceutical applications. The CSLNs were prepared following a series of studies, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The studies confirmed the structural integrity of nanoparticles, their cargo and thermal stability. The biological functionality of CSLNs was studied by carrying out in vitro & in vivo studies. The antibacterial effect, hemocompatibility and anti-inflammatory characteristics of these fibers were systematically investigated. The toxicological assays included oral toxicity in mice and aquatic life tests with the fish Danio rerio model. The morphology of the nanoparticles was confirmed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The report found that CSLNs had strong antimicrobial effects, unmatched hemocompatibility, and low or absent inflammatory reactions, which makes them perfect candidates for cosmeceutical applications. The toxicological evaluations evinced a good safety record without any significant adverse effects in both murine and Danio rerio models. This research reveals the efficient way of CSLNs to the efficacy and safety of dermaceuticals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collagen%20silver%20lipid%20nanoparticles%20%28CSLNs%29" title="collagen silver lipid nanoparticles (CSLNs)">collagen silver lipid nanoparticles (CSLNs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmeceuticals" title=" cosmeceuticals"> cosmeceuticals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title=" antimicrobial activity"> antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemocompatibility" title=" hemocompatibility"> hemocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20assessment" title=" in vitro assessment"> in vitro assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vivo%20assessment." title=" in vivo assessment."> in vivo assessment.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193215/collagen-silver-lipid-nanoparticles-as-matrix-and-fillers-for-cosmeceuticals-an-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Enhancing Small and Medium Enterprises Access to Finance: The Opportunities and Challenges of Using Intellectual Property Rights as Collateral in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nihal%20Chandratilaka%20Matara%20Arachchige">Nihal Chandratilaka Matara Arachchige</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nishantha%20Sampath%20Punichihewa"> Nishantha Sampath Punichihewa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intellectual property (IP) assets are the ‘crown-jewels’ of innovation-driven businesses in the knowledge-based economy. In that sense, IP rights such as patents, trademarks and copyrights afford enormous economic opportunities to an enterprise, especially Small and Medium Enterprise (SME). As can be gleaned from the latest statistics, the domestic industries in Sri Lanka are predominantly represented by SMEs. Undeniably, in terms of economic contribution, the SME sector is considered to be the backbone of the country’s ‘real economy’. However, the SME sector in Sri Lanka faces number of challenges. One of the nearly-insurmountable-hurdles for small businesses is the access to credit facilities, due to the lack of collateral. In the eyes of law, the collateral is something pledged as security for repayment in the event of default. Even though the intellectual property rights are used as collateral in order to facilitate obtaining credit for businesses in number of Asian jurisdictions, financial institutions in Sri Lanka are extremely reluctant to accept IP rights as collateral for granting financial resources to SMEs. Against this backdrop, this research investigates from a legal perspective reasons for not accepting IP rights as collateral when granting loans for SMEs. Drawing emerging examples from other jurisdiction, it further examines the inadequacies of existing legal framework in relation to the use of IP rights as collateral. The methodology followed in this paper is qualitative research. Empirical research and analysis concerning the core research question are carried out by conducting in-depth interviews with stakeholders, including leading financial institutions in Sri Lanka. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property%20assets" title="intellectual property assets">intellectual property assets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMEs" title=" SMEs"> SMEs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaterals%20financial%20facilities" title=" collaterals financial facilities"> collaterals financial facilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credits" title=" credits"> credits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60932/enhancing-small-and-medium-enterprises-access-to-finance-the-opportunities-and-challenges-of-using-intellectual-property-rights-as-collateral-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60932.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Integrated Gas Turbine Performance Diagnostics and Condition Monitoring Using Adaptive GPA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Guang%20Li">Yi-Guang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suresh%20Sampath"> Suresh Sampath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gas turbine performance degrades over time, and the degradation is greatly affected by environmental, ambient, and operating conditions. The engines may degrade slowly under favorable conditions and result in a waste of engine life if a scheduled maintenance scheme is followed. They may also degrade fast and fail before a scheduled overhaul if the conditions are unfavorable, resulting in serious secondary damage, loss of engine availability, and increased maintenance costs. To overcome these problems, gas turbine owners are gradually moving from scheduled maintenance to condition-based maintenance, where condition monitoring is one of the key supporting technologies. This paper presents an integrated adaptive GPA diagnostics and performance monitoring system developed at Cranfield University for gas turbine gas path condition monitoring. It has the capability to predict the performance degradation of major gas path components of gas turbine engines, such as compressors, combustors, and turbines, using gas path measurement data. It is also able to predict engine key performance parameters for condition monitoring, such as turbine entry temperature that cannot be directly measured. The developed technology has been implemented into digital twin computer Software, Pythia, to support the condition monitoring of gas turbine engines. The capabilities of the integrated GPA condition monitoring system are demonstrated in three test cases using a model gas turbine engine similar to the GE aero-derivative LM2500 engine widely used in power generation and marine propulsion. It shows that when the compressor of the model engine degrades, the Adaptive GPA is able to predict the degradation and the changing engine performance accurately using gas path measurements. Such a presented technology and software are generic, can be applied to different types of gas turbine engines, and provide crucial engine health and performance parameters to support condition monitoring and condition-based maintenance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine" title="gas turbine">gas turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20GPA" title=" adaptive GPA"> adaptive GPA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostics" title=" diagnostics"> diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20monitoring" title=" condition monitoring"> condition monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171241/integrated-gas-turbine-performance-diagnostics-and-condition-monitoring-using-adaptive-gpa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> A Comparative Study on Primary Productivity in Fish Cage Culture Unit and Fish Pond in Relation to Different Level of Water Depth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawan%20Kumar%20Sharma">Pawan Kumar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Stephan%20Sampath%20Kumar"> J. Stephan Sampath Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Manikandavelu"> D. Manikandavelu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Senthil%20Kumar"> V. Senthil Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The total amount of productivity in the system is the gross primary productivity. The present study was carried out to understand the relationship between productivity in the cages and water depth. The experiment was conducted in the fish cages installed in the pond at the Directorate of Sustainable Aquaculture, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Tamil Nadu (10° 47' 13.1964'' N; 79° 8' 16.1700''E). Primary productivity was estimated by light and dark bottle method. The measurement of primary productivity was done at different depths viz., 20 cm, 40 cm, and 60 cm. Six Biological Oxygen Demand bottles of 300 ml capacity were collected and tagged. The productivity was obtained in mg O2/l/hr. The maximum dissolved oxygen level at 20 cm depth was observed 5.62 ± 0.22 mg/l/hr in the light bottle in pond water while the minimum dissolved oxygen level at 20 cm depth in a cage was observed 3.62 ± 0.18 mg/l/hr in dark bottle. In the same way, the maximum and minimum value of dissolved oxygen was observed at 40, and 60 cm depth and results were compared. A slight change in pH was observed in the cage and pond. The maximum gross primary productivity observed was 1.97 mg/l/hr in pond at 20 cm depth while minimum gross primary productivity observed was 0.82±0.16 mg/l/hr in a cage at 60 cm depth. The community respiration was also variable with the depth in both cage and pond. Maximum community respiration was found 1.50±0.19 mg/l/hr in pond at 20 cm depth. A strong positive linear relationship was observed between primary productivity and fish yields in ponds. The pond primary productivity can contribute substantially to the nutrition of farm-raised aquaculture species, including shrimp. The growth of phytoplankton’s is dependent on the sun light, availability of primary nutrients (N, P, and K) in the water body and transparency, so to increase the primary productivity fertilization through organic manure may be done that will clean to the pond environment also. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cage%20aquaculture" title="cage aquaculture">cage aquaculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20depth" title=" water depth"> water depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=net%20primary%20productivity" title=" net primary productivity"> net primary productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gross%20primary%20productivity" title=" gross primary productivity"> gross primary productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20respiration" title=" community respiration"> community respiration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119278/a-comparative-study-on-primary-productivity-in-fish-cage-culture-unit-and-fish-pond-in-relation-to-different-level-of-water-depth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Market-Driven Process of Brain Circulation in Knowledge Services Industry in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panagodage%20Janaka%20Sampath%20Fernando">Panagodage Janaka Sampath Fernando</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Brain circulation has become a buzzword in the skilled migration literature. However, promoting brain circulation; returning of skilled migrants is challenging. Success stories in Asia, for instances, Taiwan, and China, are results of rigorous policy interventions of the respective governments. Nonetheless, the same policy mix has failed in other countries making it skeptical to attribute the success of brain circulation to the policy interventions per se. The paper seeks to answer whether the success of brain circulation within the Knowledge Services Industry (KSI) in Sri Lanka is a policy driven or a market driven process. Mixed method approach, which is a combination of case study and survey methods, was employed. Qualitative data derived from ten case studies of returned entrepreneurs whereas quantitative data generated from a self-administered survey of 205 returned skilled migrants (returned skilled employees and entrepreneurs) within KSI. The pull factors have driven the current flow of brain circulation within KSI but to a lesser extent, push factors also have influenced. The founding stone of the industry has been laid by a group of returned entrepreneurs, and the subsequent growth of the industry has attracted returning skilled employees. Sri Lankan government has not actively implemented the reverse brain drain model, however, has played a passive role by creating a peaceful and healthy environment for the industry. Therefore, in contrast to the other stories, brain circulation within KSI has emerged as a market driven process with minimal government interventions. Entrepreneurs play the main role in a market-driven process of brain circulation, and it is free from the inherent limitations of the reverse brain drain model such as discriminating non-migrants and generating a sudden flow of low-skilled migrants. Thus, to experience a successful brain circulation, developing countries should promote returned entrepreneurs by creating opportunities in knowledge-based industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20circulation" title="brain circulation">brain circulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20services%20industry" title=" knowledge services industry"> knowledge services industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=return%20migration" title=" return migration"> return migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53712/market-driven-process-of-brain-circulation-in-knowledge-services-industry-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Cost Effective and Efficient Feeding: A Way Forward for Sustainable and Profitable Aquaculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawan%20Kumar%20Sharma">Pawan Kumar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Stephan%20Sampath%20Kumar"> J. Stephan Sampath Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Anand"> S. Anand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandana%20B.%20L."> Chandana B. L.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Protein is the major component for the success in culture of shrimp and fishes. Apparently, excess dietary protein is undesirable, as it not only enhances the production cost but also leads to water quality deterioration. A field survey was conducted with aqua farmers of Kerala, India, a leading state in coastal aquaculture, to assess the role of protein component in feed that can be efficiently and effectively managed for sustainable aquaculture. The study showed an average feed amount of 13.55 ± 2.16 tonnes per hectare was being used by the farmers of Kerala. The average feed cost percentage of Rs. 57.76 ± 13.46 /kg was invested for an average protein level of 36.26 % ± 0.082 in the feed and Rs.78.95 ± 3.086 per kilogram of feed was being paid by the farmers. Study revealed that replacement of fish meal and fish oil within shrimp aquafeeds with alternative protein, and lipid sources can only be achieved if changes are made in the basic shrimp culturing practices, such as closed farming system through water recycling or zero-water exchange, and by maximizing in-situ, floc and natural food production within the culture system. The upshot of such production systems is that imports of high-quality feed ingredients and aqua feeds can eventually be eliminated, and the utilization of locally available feed ingredients from agricultural by-products can be greatly improved and maximized. The promotion of closed shrimp production systems would also greatly reduce water use and increase shrimp production per unit area but would necessitate the continuous provision of electricity for aeration during production. Alternative energy sources such as solar power might be used, and resource poor farming communities should also explore wind energy for use. The study concluded that farm made feed and closed farming systems are essential for the sustainability and profitability of the aquaculture industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aqua%20feeds" title="aqua feeds">aqua feeds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floc" title=" floc"> floc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20meal" title=" fish meal"> fish meal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-water%20exchange" title=" zero-water exchange"> zero-water exchange</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107839/cost-effective-and-efficient-feeding-a-way-forward-for-sustainable-and-profitable-aquaculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Candida antartica Lipase Assisted Enrichment of n-3 PUFA in Indian Sardine Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanna%20Belur">Prasanna Belur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20R.%20Ashwini"> P. R. Ashwini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sampath%20Charanyaa"> Sampath Charanyaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Regupathi"> I. Regupathi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indian oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps) are one of the richest and cheapest sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) such as Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The health benefits conferred by n-3 PUFA upon consumption, in the prevention and treatment of coronary, neuromuscular, immunological disorders and allergic conditions are well documented. Natural refined Indian Sardine oil generally contain about 25% (w/w) n-3 PUFA along with various unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the form of mono, di, and triglycerides. Having high concentration of n-3 PUFA content in the glyceride form is most desirable for human consumption to avail maximum health benefits. Thus, enhancing the n-3 PUFA content while retaining it in the glyceride form with green technology is the need of the hour. In this study, refined Indian Sardine oil was subjected to selective hydrolysis by Candida antartica lipase to enhance n-3 PUFA content. The degree of hydrolysis and enhancement of n-3 PUFA content was estimated by determining acid value, Iodine value, EPA and DHA content (by Gas Chromatographic methods after derivitization) before and after hydrolysis. Various reaction parameters such as pH, temperature, enzyme load, lipid to aqueous phase volume ratio and incubation time were optimized by conducting trials with one parameter at a time approach. Incubating enzyme solution with refined sardine oil with a volume ratio of 1:1, at pH 7.0, for 60 minutes at 50 °C, with an enzyme load of 60 mg/ml was found to be optimum. After enzymatic treatment, the oil was subjected to refining to remove free fatty acids and moisture content using previously optimized refining technology. Enzymatic treatment at the optimal conditions resulted in 12.11 % enhancement in Degree of hydrolysis. Iodine number had increased by 9.7 % and n-3 PUFA content was enhanced by 112 % (w/w). Selective enhancement of n-3 PUFA glycerides, eliminating saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the oil using enzyme is an interesting preposition as this technique is environment-friendly, cost effective and provide natural source of n-3 PUFA rich oil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20antartica" title="Candida antartica">Candida antartica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipase" title=" lipase"> lipase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-3%20polyunsaturated%20fatty%20acids" title=" n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids"> n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sardine%20oil" title=" sardine oil"> sardine oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67470/candida-antartica-lipase-assisted-enrichment-of-n-3-pufa-in-indian-sardine-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> An Infinite Mixture Model for Modelling Stutter Ratio in Forensic Data Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20C.%20S.%20Sampath%20Fernando">M. A. C. S. Sampath Fernando</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20M.%20Curran"> James M. Curran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renate%20Meyer"> Renate Meyer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forensic DNA analysis has received much attention over the last three decades, due to its incredible usefulness in human identification. The statistical interpretation of DNA evidence is recognised as one of the most mature fields in forensic science. Peak heights in an Electropherogram (EPG) are approximately proportional to the amount of template DNA in the original sample being tested. A stutter is a minor peak in an EPG, which is not masking as an allele of a potential contributor, and considered as an artefact that is presumed to be arisen due to miscopying or slippage during the PCR. Stutter peaks are mostly analysed in terms of stutter ratio that is calculated relative to the corresponding parent allele height. Analysis of mixture profiles has always been problematic in evidence interpretation, especially with the presence of PCR artefacts like stutters. Unlike binary and semi-continuous models; continuous models assign a probability (as a continuous weight) for each possible genotype combination, and significantly enhances the use of continuous peak height information resulting in more efficient reliable interpretations. Therefore, the presence of a sound methodology to distinguish between stutters and real alleles is essential for the accuracy of the interpretation. Sensibly, any such method has to be able to focus on modelling stutter peaks. Bayesian nonparametric methods provide increased flexibility in applied statistical modelling. Mixture models are frequently employed as fundamental data analysis tools in clustering and classification of data and assume unidentified heterogeneous sources for data. In model-based clustering, each unknown source is reflected by a cluster, and the clusters are modelled using parametric models. Specifying the number of components in finite mixture models, however, is practically difficult even though the calculations are relatively simple. Infinite mixture models, in contrast, do not require the user to specify the number of components. Instead, a Dirichlet process, which is an infinite-dimensional generalization of the Dirichlet distribution, is used to deal with the problem of a number of components. Chinese restaurant process (CRP), Stick-breaking process and Pólya urn scheme are frequently used as Dirichlet priors in Bayesian mixture models. In this study, we illustrate an infinite mixture of simple linear regression models for modelling stutter ratio and introduce some modifications to overcome weaknesses associated with CRP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20restaurant%20process" title="Chinese restaurant process">Chinese restaurant process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dirichlet%20prior" title=" Dirichlet prior"> Dirichlet prior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infinite%20mixture%20model" title=" infinite mixture model"> infinite mixture model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR%20stutter" title=" PCR stutter"> PCR stutter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57612/an-infinite-mixture-model-for-modelling-stutter-ratio-in-forensic-data-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> An Easy Approach for Fabrication of Macroporous Apatite-Based Bone Cement Used As Potential Trabecular Bone Substitute</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vimal%20Kumar%20Dewangan">Vimal Kumar Dewangan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20S.%20Sampath%20Kumar"> T. S. Sampath Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20Doble"> Mukesh Doble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viju%20Daniel%20Varghese"> Viju Daniel Varghese</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The apatite-based, i.e., calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHAp) bone cement is well-known potential bone graft/substitute in orthopaedics due to its similar chemical composition with natural bone minerals. Therefore, an easy approach was attempted to fabricate the apatite-based (CDHAp) bone cement with improved injectability, bioresorbability, and macroporosity. In this study, the desired bone cement was developed by mixing the solid phase (consisting of wet chemically synthesized nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and commercially available (synthetic) tricalcium phosphate) and the liquid phase (consisting of cement binding accelerator with few biopolymers in a dilute acidic solution) along with a liquid porogen as polysorbate or a solid porogen as mannitol (for comparison) in an optimized liquid-to-powder ratio. The fabricated cement sets within clinically preferred setting time (≤20 minutes) are better injectable (>70%) and also stable at ~7.3-7.4 (physiological pH). The CDHAp phased bone cement was resulted by immersing the fabricated after-set cement in phosphate buffer solution and other similar artificial body fluids and incubated at physiological conditions for seven days, confirmed through the X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy analyses. The so-formed synthetic apatite-based bone cement holds the acceptable compressive strength (within the range of trabecular bone) with average interconnected pores size falls in a macropores range (~50-200μm) inside the cement, verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry and micro-CT analysis techniques. Also, it is biodegradable (degrades ~19-22% within 10-12 weeks) when incubated in artificial body fluids under physiological conditions. The biocompatibility study of the bone cement, when incubated with MG63 cells, shows a significant increase in the cell viability after 3rd day of incubation compared with the control, and the cells were well-attached and spread completely on the surface of the bone cement, confirmed through SEM and fluorescence microscopy analyses. With this all, we can conclude that the developed synthetic macroporous apatite-based bone cement may have the potential to become promising material used as a trabecular bone substitute. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20deficient%20hydroxyapatite" title="calcium deficient hydroxyapatite">calcium deficient hydroxyapatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20apatite-based%20bone%20cement" title=" synthetic apatite-based bone cement"> synthetic apatite-based bone cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injectability" title=" injectability"> injectability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroporosity" title=" macroporosity"> macroporosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trabecular%20bone%20substitute" title=" trabecular bone substitute"> trabecular bone substitute</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153359/an-easy-approach-for-fabrication-of-macroporous-apatite-based-bone-cement-used-as-potential-trabecular-bone-substitute" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Performance and Limitations of Likelihood Based Information Criteria and Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation Approximation Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20C.%20S.%20Sampath%20Fernando">M. A. C. S. Sampath Fernando</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20M.%20Curran"> James M. Curran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renate%20Meyer"> Renate Meyer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Model assessment, in the Bayesian context, involves evaluation of the goodness-of-fit and the comparison of several alternative candidate models for predictive accuracy and improvements. In posterior predictive checks, the data simulated under the fitted model is compared with the actual data. Predictive model accuracy is estimated using information criteria such as the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), the Deviance information criterion (DIC), and the Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC). The goal of an information criterion is to obtain an unbiased measure of out-of-sample prediction error. Since posterior checks use the data twice; once for model estimation and once for testing, a bias correction which penalises the model complexity is incorporated in these criteria. Cross-validation (CV) is another method used for examining out-of-sample prediction accuracy. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO-CV) is the most computationally expensive variant among the other CV methods, as it fits as many models as the number of observations. Importance sampling (IS), truncated importance sampling (TIS) and Pareto-smoothed importance sampling (PSIS) are generally used as approximations to the exact LOO-CV and utilise the existing MCMC results avoiding expensive computational issues. The reciprocals of the predictive densities calculated over posterior draws for each observation are treated as the raw importance weights. These are in turn used to calculate the approximate LOO-CV of the observation as a weighted average of posterior densities. In IS-LOO, the raw weights are directly used. In contrast, the larger weights are replaced by their modified truncated weights in calculating TIS-LOO and PSIS-LOO. Although, information criteria and LOO-CV are unable to reflect the goodness-of-fit in absolute sense, the differences can be used to measure the relative performance of the models of interest. However, the use of these measures is only valid under specific circumstances. This study has developed 11 models using normal, log-normal, gamma, and student’s t distributions to improve the PCR stutter prediction with forensic data. These models are comprised of four with profile-wide variances, four with locus specific variances, and three which are two-component mixture models. The mean stutter ratio in each model is modeled as a locus specific simple linear regression against a feature of the alleles under study known as the longest uninterrupted sequence (LUS). The use of AIC, BIC, DIC, and WAIC in model comparison has some practical limitations. Even though, IS-LOO, TIS-LOO, and PSIS-LOO are considered to be approximations of the exact LOO-CV, the study observed some drastic deviations in the results. However, there are some interesting relationships among the logarithms of pointwise predictive densities (lppd) calculated under WAIC and the LOO approximation methods. The estimated overall lppd is a relative measure that reflects the overall goodness-of-fit of the model. Parallel log-likelihood profiles for the models conditional on equal posterior variances in lppds were observed. This study illustrates the limitations of the information criteria in practical model comparison problems. In addition, the relationships among LOO-CV approximation methods and WAIC with their limitations are discussed. Finally, useful recommendations that may help in practical model comparisons with these methods are provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-validation" title="cross-validation">cross-validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=importance%20sampling" title=" importance sampling"> importance sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20criteria" title=" information criteria"> information criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20accuracy" title=" predictive accuracy"> predictive accuracy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57619/performance-and-limitations-of-likelihood-based-information-criteria-and-leave-one-out-cross-validation-approximation-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Evaluation of Physical Parameters and in-Vitro and in-Vivo Antidiabetic Activity of a Selected Combined Medicinal Plant Extracts Mixture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20T.%20I.%20Sampath">S. N. T. I. Sampath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20S.%20Jayasinghe"> J. M. S. Jayasinghe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20P.%20Attanayake"> A. P. Attanayake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Karunaratne"> V. Karunaratne </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes mellitus is one of the major public health posers throughout the world today that incidence and associated with increasing mortality. Insufficient regulation of the blood glucose level might be serious effects for health and its necessity to identify new therapeutics that have ability to reduce hyperglycaemic condition in the human body. Even though synthetic antidiabetic drugs are more effective to control diabetes mellitus, there are considerable side effects have been reported. Thus, there is an increasing demand for searching new natural products having high antidiabetic activity with lesser side effects. The purposes of the present study were to evaluate different physical parameters and in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential of the selected combined medicinal plant extracts mixture composed of leaves of Murraya koenigii, cloves of Allium sativum, fruits of Garcinia queasita and seeds of Piper nigrum. The selected plants parts were mixed and ground together and extracted sequentially into the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Solvents were evaporated and they were further dried by freeze-drying to obtain a fine powder of each extract. Various physical parameters such as moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash were evaluated using standard test procedures. In-vitro antidiabetic activity of combined plant extracts mixture was screened using enzyme assays such as α-amylase inhibition assay and α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The acute anti-hyperglycaemic activity was performed using oral glucose tolerance test for the streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar rats to find out in-vivo antidiabetic activity of combined plant extracts mixture and it was assessed through total oral glucose tolerance curve (TAUC) values. The percentage of moisture content, total ash content, acid insoluble ash content and water soluble ash content were ranged of 7.6-17.8, 8.1-11.78, 0.019-0.134 and 6.2-9.2 respectively for the plant extracts and those values were less than standard values except the methanol extract. The hexane and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited highest α-amylase (IC50 = 25.7 ±0.6; 27.1 ±1.2 ppm) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 22.4 ±0.1; 33.7 ±0.2 ppm) inhibitory activities than methanol extract (IC50 = 360.2 ±0.6; 179.6 ±0.9 ppm) when compared with the acarbose positive control (IC50 = 5.7 ±0.4; 17.1 ±0.6 ppm). The TAUC values for hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts and glibenclamide (positive control) treated rats were 8.01 ±0.66; 8.05 ±1.07; 8.40±0.50; 5.87 ±0.93 mmol/L.h respectively, whereas in diabetic control rats the TAUC value was 13.22 ±1.07 mmol/L.h. Administration of plant extracts treated rats significantly suppressed (p<0.05) the rise in plasma blood glucose levels compared to control rats but less significant than glibenclamide. The obtained results from in-vivo and in-vitro antidiabetic study showed that the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of selected combined plant mixture might be considered as a potential source to isolate natural antidiabetic agents and physical parameters of hexane and ethyl acetate extracts will helpful to develop antidiabetic drug with further standardize properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title="diabetes mellitus">diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-vitro%20antidiabetic%20assays" title=" in-vitro antidiabetic assays"> in-vitro antidiabetic assays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title=" medicinal plants"> medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standardization" title=" standardization"> standardization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120980/evaluation-of-physical-parameters-and-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-antidiabetic-activity-of-a-selected-combined-medicinal-plant-extracts-mixture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th 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