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class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Indutância</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 68 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktansie" title="Induktansie — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Induktansie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%8D%E1%8A%A8%E1%8A%9D%E1%8A%90%E1%89%B5" title="እልከኝነት — amárico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="እልከኝነት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amárico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A9" title="محاثة — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محاثة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductancia" title="Inductancia — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Inductancia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nduktivlik" title="İnduktivlik — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnduktivlik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktivit%C3%A4t" title="Induktivität — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Induktivität" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Індуктыўнасць — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Індуктыўнасць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Індуктыўнасьць — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Індуктыўнасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Индуктивност — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Индуктивност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="আবেশ গুণাঙ্ক — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আবেশ গুণাঙ্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induct%C3%A0ncia" title="Inductància — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Inductància" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induk%C4%8Dnost" title="Indukčnost — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Indukčnost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Индуктивлăх — chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Индуктивлăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktans" title="Induktans — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Induktans" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktivit%C3%A4t" title="Induktivität — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Induktivität" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%B3%CE%AE" title="Αυτεπαγωγή — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αυτεπαγωγή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductance" title="Inductance — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Inductance" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktanco" title="Induktanco — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Induktanco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductancia" title="Inductancia — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Inductancia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktiivsus" title="Induktiivsus — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Induktiivsus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktantzia" title="Induktantzia — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Induktantzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ضریب خودالقایی — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ضریب خودالقایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktanssi" title="Induktanssi — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Induktanssi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductance" title="Inductance — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Inductance" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktiwiteet" title="Induktiwiteet — frísio setentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Induktiwiteet" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frísio setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionduchtas" title="Ionduchtas — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ionduchtas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indutancia" title="Indutancia — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Indutancia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA" title="השראות — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השראות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="प्रेरकत्व — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रेरकत्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_induktivitet" title="Električni induktivitet — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Električni induktivitet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endiktans" title="Endiktans — haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Endiktans" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ինդուկտիվություն — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինդուկտիվություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktansi" title="Induktansi — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Induktansi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Span" title="Span — islandês" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Span" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induttanza" title="Induttanza — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Induttanza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" title="インダクタンス — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インダクタンス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A5%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ინდუქციურობა — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინდუქციურობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8F%84%EA%B3%84%EC%88%98" title="유도계수 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유도계수" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Индукциялуулук — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Индукциялуулук" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktyvumas" title="Induktyvumas — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Induktyvumas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktivit%C4%81te" title="Induktivitāte — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Induktivitāte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Индуктивност — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Индуктивност" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kearuhan" title="Kearuhan — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kearuhan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="इन्डक्ट्यान्स — newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इन्डक्ट्यान्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zelfinductie" title="Zelfinductie — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zelfinductie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktans" title="Induktans — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Induktans" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktans" title="Induktans — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Induktans" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indukcyjno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Indukcyjność — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Indukcyjność" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductan%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Inductanță — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Inductanță" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Индуктивность — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Индуктивность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktivnost" title="Induktivnost — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Induktivnost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induk%C4%8Dnos%C5%A5" title="Indukčnosť — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Indukčnosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktivnost" title="Induktivnost — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Induktivnost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktiviteti" title="Induktiviteti — albanês" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Induktiviteti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Самоиндукција — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Самоиндукција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktans" title="Induktans — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Induktans" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தூண்டம் — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தூண்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktiwlik" title="Induktiwlik — turcomano" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Induktiwlik" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcomano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nd%C3%BCktans" title="İndüktans — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İndüktans" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Индуктивлык — tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Индуктивлык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Індуктивність — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Індуктивність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induktivlik" title="Induktivlik — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Induktivlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%B1_c%E1%BA%A3m" title="Tự cảm — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tự cảm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiirtalu" title="Xiirtalu — uólofe" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xiirtalu" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="uólofe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F" title="电感 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电感" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F" title="电感 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="电感" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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.tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Reciclagem plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Reciclagem" title="Wikipédia:Reciclagem"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/40px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/60px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/80px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Este artigo carece de <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Reciclagem" title="Wikipédia:Reciclagem">reciclagem</a> de acordo com o <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo">livro de estilo</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Sinta-se livre para editá-lo(a) para que este(a) possa atingir um <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Como_escrever_um_bom_artigo" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Como escrever um bom artigo">nível de qualidade superior</a>.</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Agosto de 2013</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p> No <a href="/wiki/Eletromagnetismo" title="Eletromagnetismo">eletromagnetismo</a> e na <a href="/wiki/Eletr%C3%B4nica" title="Eletrônica">eletrônica</a>, a indutância é a tendência de um <a href="/wiki/Condutor_el%C3%A9trico" title="Condutor elétrico">condutor elétrico</a> se opor a uma mudança na <a href="/wiki/Corrente_el%C3%A9trica" title="Corrente elétrica">corrente elétrica</a> que flui por ele. O fluxo de corrente elétrica cria um <a href="/wiki/Campo_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Campo magnético">campo magnético</a> ao redor do condutor. A intensidade do campo depende da magnitude da corrente e segue quaisquer mudanças na corrente. Pela <a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Faraday-Neumann-Lenz" title="Lei de Faraday-Neumann-Lenz">lei da indução de Faraday</a>, qualquer mudança no campo magnético através de um circuito induz uma <a href="/wiki/For%C3%A7a_eletromotriz" title="Força eletromotriz">força eletromotriz</a> (EMF) (voltagem) nos <a href="/wiki/Condutor_el%C3%A9trico" title="Condutor elétrico">condutores</a>, processo conhecido como indução eletromagnética. Essa tensão induzida criada pela mudança da corrente tem o efeito de se opor à mudança da corrente. Isso é determinado pela <a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Lenz" title="Lei de Lenz">lei de Lenz</a> e a voltagem é chamada de EMF.</p><table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);color:inherit;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em">Artigos sobre</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Eletromagnetismo" title="Eletromagnetismo">Eletromagnetismo</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Solenoide"><img alt="Solenoide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg/190px-VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg/285px-VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg/380px-VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electricidade" class="mw-redirect" title="Electricidade">Electricidade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo">Magnetismo</a></li> <li>História<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_electromagnetic_theory" class="extiw" title="en:History of electromagnetic theory"><span title=""History of electromagnetic theory" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li> <li>Livros didáticos<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_textbooks_in_electromagnetism" class="extiw" title="en:List of textbooks in electromagnetism"><span title=""List of textbooks in electromagnetism" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit;background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Eletrost%C3%A1tica" title="Eletrostática">Eletrostática</a></div><div class="NavContent hlist" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carga_el%C3%A9trica" title="Carga elétrica">Carga elétrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Coulomb" title="Lei de Coulomb">Lei de Coulomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condutor_el%C3%A9trico" title="Condutor elétrico">Condutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Densidade_de_carga" title="Densidade de carga">Densidade de carga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permissividade" title="Permissividade">Permissividade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momento_do_dipolo_el%C3%A9trico" title="Momento do dipolo elétrico">Momento do dipolo elétrico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_el%C3%A9trico" title="Campo elétrico">Campo elétrico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potencial_el%C3%A9trico" title="Potencial elétrico">Potencial elétrico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluxo_el%C3%A9trico" title="Fluxo elétrico">Fluxo elétrico</a> / <a href="/wiki/Energia_potencial_el%C3%A9trica" title="Energia potencial elétrica">energia potencial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descarga_electrost%C3%A1tica" title="Descarga electrostática">Descarga electrostática</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Gauss" title="Lei de Gauss">Lei de Gauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_eletrost%C3%A1tica" title="Indução eletrostática">Indução</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolante_el%C3%A9trico" title="Isolante elétrico">Isolante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Densidade_de_polariza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Densidade de polarização">Densidade de polarização</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eletricidade_est%C3%A1tica" title="Eletricidade estática">Eletricidade estática</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efeito_triboel%C3%A9trico" title="Efeito triboelétrico">Efeito triboelétrico</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit;background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Magnetost%C3%A1tica" title="Magnetostática">Magnetostática</a></div><div class="NavContent hlist" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Amp%C3%A8re" title="Lei de Ampère">Lei de Ampère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Biot-Savart" title="Lei de Biot-Savart">Lei de Biot – Savart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Gauss_para_o_magnetismo" title="Lei de Gauss para o magnetismo">Lei de Gauss para o magnetismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Campo magnético">Campo magnético</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluxo_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Fluxo magnético">Fluxo magnético</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momento_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Momento magnético">Momento do dipolo magnético</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permeabilidade_magn%C3%A9tica" title="Permeabilidade magnética">Permeabilidade magnética</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potencial_escalar_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Potencial escalar magnético">Potencial escalar magnético</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetização">Magnetização</a><span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetization" class="extiw" title="en:Magnetization"><span title=""Magnetization" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For%C3%A7a_magnetomotriz" title="Força magnetomotriz">Força magnetomotriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetor_potencial_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Vetor potencial magnético">Vetor potencial magnético</a></li> <li>Regra da mão direita<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule#Electromagnetism" class="extiw" title="en:Right-hand rule"><span title=""Right-hand_rule#Electromagnetism" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit;background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Eletromagnetismo_cl%C3%A1ssico" title="Eletromagnetismo clássico">Eletrodinâmica</a></div><div class="NavContent hlist" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/For%C3%A7a_de_Lorentz" title="Força de Lorentz">Lei da força de Lorentz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_eletromagn%C3%A9tica" title="Indução eletromagnética">Indução eletromagnética</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Faraday-Neumann-Lenz" title="Lei de Faraday-Neumann-Lenz">Lei de Faraday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Lenz" title="Lei de Lenz">Lei de Lenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrente_de_deslocamento" title="Corrente de deslocamento">Corrente de deslocamento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Maxwell" title="Equações de Maxwell">Equações de Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_eletromagn%C3%A9tico" title="Campo eletromagnético">Campo eletromagnético</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulso_eletromagn%C3%A9tico" title="Pulso eletromagnético">Pulso eletromagnético</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radia%C3%A7%C3%A3o_eletromagn%C3%A9tica" title="Radiação eletromagnética">Radiação eletromagnética</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensor_de_tens%C3%A3o_de_Maxwell" title="Tensor de tensão de Maxwell">Tensor de Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetor_de_Poynting" class="mw-redirect" title="Vetor de Poynting">Vetor de Poynting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potenciais_de_Li%C3%A9nard-Wiechert" title="Potenciais de Liénard-Wiechert">Potentiais de Liénard – Wiechert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Jefimenko" title="Equações de Jefimenko">Equações de Jefimenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrente_de_Foucault" title="Corrente de Foucault">Corrente de Foucault</a></li> <li><span title="artigo inexistente: “Equações de London”">Equações de London</span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_equations" class="extiw" title="en:London equations"><span title=""London equations" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><span title="artigo inexistente: “Descrições matemáticas do campo eletromagnético”">Descrições matemáticas do campo eletromagnético</span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_descriptions_of_the_electromagnetic_field" class="extiw" title="en:Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field"><span title=""Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit;background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Circuito_el%C3%A9trico" title="Circuito elétrico">Circuito elétrico</a></div><div class="NavContent hlist" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corrente_alternada" title="Corrente alternada">Corrente alternada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capacit%C3%A2ncia" title="Capacitância">Capacitância</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrente_cont%C3%ADnua" title="Corrente contínua">Corrente contínua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrente_el%C3%A9trica" title="Corrente elétrica">Corrente elétrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eletr%C3%B3lise" title="Eletrólise">Eletrólise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Densidade_de_corrente_el%C3%A9trica" title="Densidade de corrente elétrica">Densidade de corrente elétrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Joule" title="Lei de Joule">Lei de Joule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For%C3%A7a_eletromotriz" title="Força eletromotriz">Força eletromotriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imped%C3%A2ncia_el%C3%A9trica" title="Impedância elétrica">Impedância</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indutância</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Ohm" title="Lei de Ohm">Lei de Ohm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Circuitos_em_s%C3%A9rie_e_em_paralelo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Circuitos em série e em paralelo (página não existe)">Circuito paralelo</a></li> <li>Resistência<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistance_and_conductance" class="extiw" title="en:Electrical resistance and conductance"><span title=""Electrical resistance and conductance" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li> <li>Cavidades ressonantes<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonator#Electromagnetics" class="extiw" title="en:Resonator"><span title=""Resonator#Electromagnetics" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Circuitos_em_s%C3%A9rie_e_em_paralelo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Circuitos em série e em paralelo (página não existe)">Circuito em série</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tens%C3%A3o_el%C3%A9trica" title="Tensão elétrica">Tensão elétrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guia_de_onda_circular" title="Guia de onda circular">Guias de onda</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit;background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;">Formulação covariante<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariant_formulation_of_classical_electromagnetism" class="extiw" title="en:Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism"><span title=""Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></div><div class="NavContent hlist" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Tensor_eletromagn%C3%A9tico" title="Tensor eletromagnético">Tensor eletromagnético</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Tensor_eletromagn%C3%A9tico_tens%C3%A3o%E2%80%93energia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensor eletromagnético tensão–energia">Tensor de tensão–energia</a>)</div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadricorrente" title="Quadricorrente">Quadricorrente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadripotencial_eletromagn%C3%A9tico" title="Quadripotencial eletromagnético">Quadripotencial eletromagnético</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit;background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;">Cientistas</div><div class="NavContent hlist" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Amp%C3%A8re" title="André-Marie Ampère">Ampère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Biot" title="Jean-Baptiste Biot">Biot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Augustin_de_Coulomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles-Augustin de Coulomb">Coulomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphry_Davy" title="Humphry Davy">Davy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Faraday" title="Michael Faraday">Faraday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Fizeau" title="Hippolyte Fizeau">Fizeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss">Gauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Heaviside" title="Oliver Heaviside">Heaviside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry" title="Joseph Henry">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Hertz" title="Heinrich Hertz">Hertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hopkinson" title="John Hopkinson">Hopkinson</a></li> <li>Jefimenko<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg_D._Jefimenko" class="extiw" title="en:Oleg D. Jefimenko"><span title=""Oleg D. Jefimenko" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Prescott_Joule" title="James Prescott Joule">Joule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Lenz" title="Heinrich Lenz">Lenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred-Marie_Li%C3%A9nard" title="Alfred-Marie Liénard">Liénard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Ernst_Neumann" title="Franz Ernst Neumann">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_%C3%98rsted" title="Hans Christian Ørsted">Ørsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Ohm" class="mw-redirect" title="Georg Ohm">Ohm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Poynting" title="John Henry Poynting">Poynting</a></li> <li>Ritchie<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Ritchie_(physicist)" class="extiw" title="en:William Ritchie (physicist)"><span title=""William Ritchie (physicist)" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Savart" title="Félix Savart">Savart</a></li> <li>Singer<span title="artigo inexistente: “”"></span> <small style="font-style:normal; position:relative; top:-0.2em;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Singer" class="extiw" title="en:George Singer"><span title=""George Singer" na Wikipédia em English">en</span></a>]</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Proteus_Steinmetz" title="Charles Proteus Steinmetz">Steinmetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thomson" title="William Thomson">Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Volta" title="Alessandro Volta">Volta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Eduard_Weber" title="Wilhelm Eduard Weber">Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Wiechert" title="Emil Wiechert">Wiechert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%A9on_Denis_Poisson" title="Siméon Denis Poisson">Poisson</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding-top: 0.6em;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Eletromagnetismo" title="Predefinição:Eletromagnetismo"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Eletromagnetismo" title="Predefinição Discussão:Eletromagnetismo"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Eletromagnetismo&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Em um sistema constituído de uma ou mais <a href="/wiki/Espira_(eletromagnetismo)" title="Espira (eletromagnetismo)">espiras</a>, formando uma <a href="/wiki/Bobina" class="mw-redirect" title="Bobina">bobina</a> perfeita - (resistência interna igual a zero) - quando percorrido por uma <a href="/wiki/Corrente_el%C3%A9trica" title="Corrente elétrica">corrente elétrica</a> produz um <a href="/wiki/Campo_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Campo magnético">campo magnético</a>, campo este que faz um fluxo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aed80a2011a3912b028ba32a52dfa57165455f24" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.678ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi }"></span> que as atravessa. </p><p>Indutância pode ser definida como a razão entre o <a href="/wiki/Enlace" title="Enlace">enlace</a> total do fluxo e a corrente elétrica envolvida. É um fator de proporcionalidade que depende da geometria dos condutores do circuito e da permeabilidade magnética dos materiais próximos<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup>. Para o entendimento do conceito de enlace do fluxo, primeiramente consideremos um Toroide de N espiras, pelo qual uma corrente I que circula produz um fluxo total <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aed80a2011a3912b028ba32a52dfa57165455f24" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.678ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi }"></span>. O enlace de fluxo N<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aed80a2011a3912b028ba32a52dfa57165455f24" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.678ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi }"></span> é caracterizado como o número de espiras N presente no fluxo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aed80a2011a3912b028ba32a52dfa57165455f24" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.678ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi }"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-hayt_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hayt-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A capacidade de uma bobina de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>N</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5e3890c981ae85503089652feb48b191b57aae3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N}"></span> espiras em criar o fluxo com determinada corrente <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}"></span> que percorre o circuito é denominada <b>Indutância</b> (símbolo L) medida em "<a href="/wiki/Henry_(unidade)" title="Henry (unidade)">henry</a>" cujo símbolo é H. </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L={\frac {N\Phi }{i}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L={\frac {N\Phi }{i}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f95a479ef2aaade89b335c6ae7ef71f182edf85e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:9.259ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L={\frac {N\Phi }{i}}}"></span> <sup id="cite_ref-hayt_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hayt-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="História"><span id="Hist.C3.B3ria"></span>História</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: História" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: História"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A história da indução eletromagnética, uma faceta do eletromagnetismo, começou com observações dos antigos: carga elétrica ou eletricidade estática (esfregando a seda no âmbar), corrente elétrica (<a href="/wiki/Rel%C3%A2mpago" title="Relâmpago">relâmpagos</a>) e atração magnética (<a href="/wiki/Magnetita" title="Magnetita">magnetita</a>). A compreensão da unidade dessas forças da natureza e a teoria científica do eletromagnetismo começaram no final do século XVIII.A indução eletromagnética foi descrita pela primeira vez por <a href="/wiki/Michael_Faraday" title="Michael Faraday">Michael Faraday</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> em 1831. No experimento de Faraday, ele enrolou dois fios em lados opostos de um anel de ferro. Ele esperava que, quando a corrente começasse a fluir em um fio, uma espécie de onda viajaria através do anel e causaria algum efeito elétrico no lado oposto. Usando um <a href="/wiki/Galvan%C3%B4metro" title="Galvanômetro">galvanômetro</a>, ele observou um fluxo de corrente transiente na segunda <a href="/wiki/Enrolamento" title="Enrolamento">bobina</a> de fio cada vez que uma bateria era conectada ou desconectada da primeira bobina<sup id="cite_ref-Não_nomeado-xvvG-1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Não_nomeado-xvvG-1-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>. Esta corrente foi induzida pela mudança no fluxo magnético que ocorreu quando a bateria foi conectada e desconectada<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup>. Faraday encontrou várias outras manifestações de <a href="/wiki/Indu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_eletromagn%C3%A9tica" title="Indução eletromagnética">indução eletromagnética</a>. Por exemplo, ele viu correntes transitórias quando rapidamente deslizou uma barra magnética para dentro e para fora de uma bobina de fios e gerou uma corrente constante (DC) girando um disco de cobre perto da barra magnética com um cabo elétrico deslizante ("<a href="/wiki/Gerador_unipolar" title="Gerador unipolar">disco de Faraday</a> ")<sup id="cite_ref-Não_nomeado-xvvG-1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Não_nomeado-xvvG-1-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Propriedades">Propriedades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Propriedades" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Propriedades"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A corrente num circuito produz um campo magnético e portanto, fluxo magnético. Assim, qualquer variação da corrente conduzirá a forças eletromotrizes induzidas no circuito. </p><p>Se, por exemplo, fecharmos um interruptor num circuito de <a href="/wiki/Corrente_cont%C3%ADnua" title="Corrente contínua">corrente contínua</a>, a corrente não aumenta instantaneamente desde zero até um valor final, devido à indutância do circuito. A tendência da corrente a aumentar bruscamente será contrariada por uma corrente induzida oposta, que regula o aumento da corrente de forma gradual. Igualmente, quando se abrir o interruptor a corrente não passará a ser nula de forma instantânea, mas de forma gradual.<sup id="cite_ref-Villate_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villate-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Indut_circuitos.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Indut_circuitos.png" decoding="async" width="365" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="120" /></a><figcaption>Indutância mútua entre dois circuitos.</figcaption></figure> <p>Imaginemos dois circuitos, um ao lado do outro (figura ao lado). No primeiro circuito está ligada uma pilha que produz uma corrente, existindo uma resistência variável que permite alterar a intensidade dessa corrente. No segundo circuito não está ligada nenhuma fonte.<sup id="cite_ref-Villate_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villate-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A corrente no <i>circuito 1</i> (lado esquerdo) produz <a href="/wiki/Fluxo_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Fluxo magnético">fluxo magnético</a> dentro do <i>circuito 2</i>, que deverá ser diretamente proporcional à corrente <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/03f18d041b2df30adef07164dbf285878893dedc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.077ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"></span>, que produz esse campo magnético: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi _{2}=-M\,I_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi _{2}=-M\,I_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a5d4d94cde5c3bcbb9a7f6c174047e7c2b35c984" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:12.546ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi _{2}=-M\,I_{1}}"></span> </p><p>onde <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>M</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f82cade9898ced02fdd08712e5f0c0151758a0dd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.442ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M}"></span>é uma constante chamada (indutância mútua) , que depende da forma dos circuitos e da distância entre eles. </p><p>A variação da corrente no circuito 1 induz uma força eletromotriz no circuito 2: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varepsilon _{2}=M\,{\frac {d\,I_{1}}{d\,t}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varepsilon _{2}=M\,{\frac {d\,I_{1}}{d\,t}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a48a8a96a2b7290823562e1e8056eb8d0afc9a1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:12.582ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varepsilon _{2}=M\,{\frac {d\,I_{1}}{d\,t}}}"></span> <sup id="cite_ref-Villate_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villate-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No <a href="/wiki/Sistema_internacional_de_unidades" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema internacional de unidades">sistema internacional de unidades</a>, a unidade da indutância (volt vezes segundo, sobre ampere) é o <b>henry</b>, representada pela letra H. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indutância_Mútua"><span id="Indut.C3.A2ncia_M.C3.BAtua"></span>Indutância Mútua</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Indutância Mútua" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Indutância Mútua"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Estando dois ou mais circuitos próximos uns dos outros, como observado na Figura ao lado (circuitos elétricos adjacentes). </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Circuitos_el%C3%A9tricos_adjacentes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Circuitos_el%C3%A9tricos_adjacentes.jpg/220px-Circuitos_el%C3%A9tricos_adjacentes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Circuitos_el%C3%A9tricos_adjacentes.jpg/330px-Circuitos_el%C3%A9tricos_adjacentes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Circuitos_el%C3%A9tricos_adjacentes.jpg/440px-Circuitos_el%C3%A9tricos_adjacentes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="266" /></a><figcaption>Circuitos Elétricos adjacentes. O fluxo magnético é resultante da soma de dois termos, sendo um proporcional a corrente do circuito 1 , e outro a corrente do circuito 2.</figcaption></figure><p> O fluxo magnético <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aed80a2011a3912b028ba32a52dfa57165455f24" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.678ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi }"></span> através de um circuito elétrico não depende somente da corrente naquele circuito, mas depende também da correntes dos outros circuitos correlacionados.<sup id="cite_ref-Tipler_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tipler-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O campo magnético na superfície <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle S_{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle S_{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1143e284d5f25cef778ab482edf6617a523ddd9f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.479ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle S_{2}}"></span> é a superposição de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9fa6787fb130645ae9bb3d73757fc033e3dc0838" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-top: -0.449ex; width:2.948ex; height:4.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}}"></span> referente a corrente <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/03f18d041b2df30adef07164dbf285878893dedc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.077ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"></span> e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/916c00410c810a42c7cd439342d5432d4e6e0e88" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-top: -0.449ex; width:2.948ex; height:4.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"></span> devido a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5e3506ae39df854f347365bae6f326ef4f565be5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.077ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{2}}"></span>. O fluxo magnético <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9fa6787fb130645ae9bb3d73757fc033e3dc0838" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-top: -0.449ex; width:2.948ex; height:4.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}}"></span> é proporcional a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/03f18d041b2df30adef07164dbf285878893dedc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.077ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"></span>, assim como <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/916c00410c810a42c7cd439342d5432d4e6e0e88" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-top: -0.449ex; width:2.948ex; height:4.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"></span> é proporcional a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5e3506ae39df854f347365bae6f326ef4f565be5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.077ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{2}}"></span>. </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2,1}=M_{2,1}\,I_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2,1}=M_{2,1}\,I_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/25fd02f5117ed26f95db4c91a39a7cdd3918e1c8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:15.605ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2,1}=M_{2,1}\,I_{1}}"></span> </p><p>No qual <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M_{2,1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M_{2,1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0c3f5a8590cf004df71b2f71c8401b83c46e4a2e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.588ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M_{2,1}}"></span> é denominado de Indutância Mútua. O fluxo líquido <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2,1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2,1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4acb59a0e3c29e395a986c518bcc7b0c31c5e399" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.454ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2,1}}"></span> do campo magnético total <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B}}={\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}+{\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>B</mi> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B}}={\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}+{\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e390564a551cc4fa00a110b8f990ce4de6d09b7b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-top: -0.449ex; width:14.353ex; height:4.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B}}={\overrightarrow {B_{1}}}+{\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"></span>, presente no circuito 2, pode ser descrito como <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2}=\Phi _{m2,2}+\Phi _{m2,1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2}=\Phi _{m2,2}+\Phi _{m2,1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/21a33a5e47de53fd4b434957277eecc59168ff82" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:21.023ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m2}=\Phi _{m2,2}+\Phi _{m2,1}}"></span>. Para o circuito 1, uma equação para o fluxo de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>→</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/916c00410c810a42c7cd439342d5432d4e6e0e88" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-top: -0.449ex; width:2.948ex; height:4.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {B_{2}}}}"></span> é dado por:<sup id="cite_ref-Tipler_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tipler-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m1,2}=M_{1,2}\,I_{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi _{m1,2}=M_{1,2}\,I_{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6233a4afb5ba077aa7bad833150294365c3c5da6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:15.605ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi _{m1,2}=M_{1,2}\,I_{2}}"></span> </p><p>Com uma <a href="/wiki/Frequ%C3%AAncia" title="Frequência">frequência</a> alta, o fluxo magnético numa área contida num circuito varia com o tempo, devido as correntes de circuitos próximos que variam. A condição anterior induz uma <a href="/wiki/For%C3%A7a_eletromotriz" title="Força eletromotriz">força eletromotriz</a> em um processo chamado de indução mútua, que depende da <a href="/wiki/Geometria" title="Geometria">geometria</a> dos circuitos e de sua orientação um em relação ao outro. A distancia de separação do circuito é inversamente proporcional a indutância mútua <sup id="cite_ref-jewett_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewett-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O conceito de Coeficiente de indutância ( Indutância mutua), acontece quando da energia que ocorre da interação entre circuitos elétricos, sendo um fator que depende da geometria dos circuitos. O fator pode ser denominado de auto indutância quando se relaciona a autoenergia de um circuito e de indutância mutua quando a interação ocorre entre circuitos distintos.<sup id="cite_ref-Bueno_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bueno-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Para um <a href="/wiki/Indutor" title="Indutor">indutor</a> a indutância pode ser calculada a partir da seguinte expressão:<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L={\frac {\mu _{0}.N^{2}.A}{l-0,45d}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>.</mo> <msup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>.</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>45</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L={\frac {\mu _{0}.N^{2}.A}{l-0,45d}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e45feb7becba2b6f3bafd6ae32b1ee6d3989dd7b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:14.962ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L={\frac {\mu _{0}.N^{2}.A}{l-0,45d}}}"></span> </p><p>Onde: </p><p>- <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mu _{0}=4.\pi .10^{-}7(H/m)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4.</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msup> <mn>.10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mn>7</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mu _{0}=4.\pi .10^{-}7(H/m)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cc1b16ff37dd99b2dc1395b9fdd5502e9b1ff96c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:21.416ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mu _{0}=4.\pi .10^{-}7(H/m)}"></span> é permeabilidade do vácuo; </p><p>-N e o número de espiras; </p><p>- l é a extensão da bobina; </p><p>- d é o diâmetro do núcleo; </p><p>- A é a área da secção transversal do núcleo; </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Autoindução/Autoindutância"><span id="Autoindu.C3.A7.C3.A3o.2FAutoindut.C3.A2ncia"></span>Autoindução/Autoindutância</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Autoindução/Autoindutância" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Autoindução/Autoindutância"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/Autoindut%C3%A2ncia" title="Autoindutância">Autoindutância</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Auto_indut.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Auto_indut.png" decoding="async" width="235" height="179" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="235" data-file-height="179" /></a><figcaption>Linhas do campo magnético produzido pela corrente num circuito.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Reactance.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Reactance.gif/220px-Reactance.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Reactance.gif/330px-Reactance.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Reactance.gif/440px-Reactance.gif 2x" data-file-width="446" data-file-height="298" /></a><figcaption>Autoindução lei de Faraday-Lenz</figcaption></figure> <p>A corrente num circuito produz um campo magnético com linhas de campo que produzem fluxos de sentido contrário na área delimitada pelo circuito e no exterior do circuito (figura ao lado): </p><p>A lei de <a href="/wiki/Lei_de_Faraday-Neumann-Lenz" title="Lei de Faraday-Neumann-Lenz">Faraday-Lenz</a> descreve o fenômeno seguinte: quando o fluxo de um campo magnético que atravessa um circuito condutor varia ao longo do tempo, aparece neste circuito uma tensão chamada força eletromotriz. Lenz, afirma que a direção da corrente induzida é de tal forma que se opõe com seus efeitos magnéticos a causa que a produz. Assim, a força eletromotriz induzida pode ser definida por:<sup id="cite_ref-Purcell_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Purcell-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}=-\,{\frac {1}{c}}\,{\frac {d\,\Phi _{i}}{d\,t}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ϵ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>c</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}=-\,{\frac {1}{c}}\,{\frac {d\,\Phi _{i}}{d\,t}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/df071d3cee3bf5251b3a953c59d9431d84e3490f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:14.34ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}=-\,{\frac {1}{c}}\,{\frac {d\,\Phi _{i}}{d\,t}}}"></span> </p><p>No qual o símbolo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi _{i}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi _{i}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f2155f5b40eaf9408037bbd3bd2e0dc5fc990612" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.478ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi _{i}}"></span> é caracterizado pelo fluxo no circuito , do campo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1fa091eb428443c9c5c5fcf32a69d3665c89e00c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.818ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B_{1}}"></span> devido a corrente <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/03f18d041b2df30adef07164dbf285878893dedc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.077ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{1}}"></span>. O sinal menos indica que a força eletromotriz é sempre orientada a se opor a variação da <a href="/wiki/Corrente_el%C3%A9trica" title="Corrente elétrica">corrente elétrica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Purcell_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Purcell-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De acordo com a lei de <a href="/wiki/Biot-Savart" class="mw-redirect" title="Biot-Savart">Biot-Savart</a>, o campo magnético produzido pelo circuito é diretamente proporcional à corrente. Portanto, o fluxo magnético produzido por um circuito sobre si próprio, e proporcional à corrente:<sup id="cite_ref-Villate_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villate-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Phi ={\frac {L}{N}}\,I}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>L</mi> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>I</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Phi ={\frac {L}{N}}\,I}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/47c01a2210bad9203e953a97c02cc1b5d3231ea3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:9.235ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Phi ={\frac {L}{N}}\,I}"></span><br /> A constante <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/103168b86f781fe6e9a4a87b8ea1cebe0ad4ede8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.583ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L}"></span>é a autoindutância do circuito. A <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle fem}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle fem}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c7c3e8e18d18250eb72dd1afa3a3f9e99f951a6c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.402ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle fem}"></span> autoinduzida no próprio circuito é: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}=-L\,{\frac {dI}{dt}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ϵ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>I</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}=-L\,{\frac {dI}{dt}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7724cbd137922a698b54a7cad8130f5fbae32289" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:11.844ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}=-L\,{\frac {dI}{dt}}}"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Simb2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Simb2.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="64" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="64" /></a><figcaption>Símbolo usado nos diagramas de circuito para representar a autoindução.</figcaption></figure> <p>Quanto maior for a área do circuito, maior será a sua autoindutância. Para evitar uma autoindutância elevada, que pode ser indesejada no caso de correntes variáveis, a fonte num circuito não se liga como na figura acima, mas com dois fios colados um ao lado do outro que ligam o dispositivo à fonte. Assim, reduz-se a área interna do circuito. </p><p>Nas partes do circuito onde se deseja que a indutância seja elevada, ligam-se bobinas com várias voltas e, portanto, com área interna elevada. Esses indutores representam-se nos diagramas de circuito com o símbolo da figura ao lado. </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/103168b86f781fe6e9a4a87b8ea1cebe0ad4ede8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.583ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L}"></span> representa o valor da indutância, medida em <b>henries</b> no sistema internacional. O símbolo da <a href="/wiki/Autoindu%C3%A7%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoindução">autoindução</a> total do circuito coloca-se em alguma parte do circuito. Na análise do circuito, esse dispositivo é designado de (indutor) e representa um elemento passivo em que a diferença de potencial é diretamente proporcional à corrente: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L\,dI/dt}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L\,dI/dt}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/03d465241e00120a7d83be15496b6dc21c3c0e46" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.576ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L\,dI/dt}"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Villate_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villate-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reatância_Indutiva"><span id="Reat.C3.A2ncia_Indutiva"></span>Reatância Indutiva</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: Reatância Indutiva" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Reatância Indutiva"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Waveforms_-_inductive_reactance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Waveforms_-_inductive_reactance.svg/220px-Waveforms_-_inductive_reactance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Waveforms_-_inductive_reactance.svg/330px-Waveforms_-_inductive_reactance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Waveforms_-_inductive_reactance.svg/440px-Waveforms_-_inductive_reactance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>A voltagem <i>(<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e07b00e7fc0847fbd16391c778d65bc25c452597" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.128ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v}"></span>, azul) e corrente</i> <i>(<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}"></span>, vermelho)</i> formato de onda em um indutor ideal ao qual uma corrente alternada foi aplicada.</figcaption></figure> <p>Quando uma corrente alternada senoidal (CA) está passando por uma indutância linear, o EMF de retorno induzido também é senoidal. Se a corrente através da indutância for <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i(t)=I_{\text{pico}}\sin \left(\omega t\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>pico</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i(t)=I_{\text{pico}}\sin \left(\omega t\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dd72a9987292a19a2808e721c5e9c86b843b2a95" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:18.066ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i(t)=I_{\text{pico}}\sin \left(\omega t\right)}"></span>,de (1) acima da tensão através dele é </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}v(t)&=L{\frac {{\text{d}}i}{{\text{d}}t}}=L\,{\frac {\text{d}}{{\text{d}}t}}\left[I_{\text{pico}}\sin \left(\omega t\right)\right]\\&=\omega L\,I_{\text{pico}}\,\cos \left(\omega t\right)=\omega L\,I_{\text{pico}}\,\sin \left(\omega t+{\pi \over 2}\right)\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mtext>d</mtext> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>pico</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>pico</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>pico</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}v(t)&=L{\frac {{\text{d}}i}{{\text{d}}t}}=L\,{\frac {\text{d}}{{\text{d}}t}}\left[I_{\text{pico}}\sin \left(\omega t\right)\right]\\&=\omega L\,I_{\text{pico}}\,\cos \left(\omega t\right)=\omega L\,I_{\text{pico}}\,\sin \left(\omega t+{\pi \over 2}\right)\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/eee7ccdcafc320e1b1a5171512a836840148ed93" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.341ex; margin-bottom: -0.331ex; width:47.593ex; height:10.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}v(t)&=L{\frac {{\text{d}}i}{{\text{d}}t}}=L\,{\frac {\text{d}}{{\text{d}}t}}\left[I_{\text{pico}}\sin \left(\omega t\right)\right]\\&=\omega L\,I_{\text{pico}}\,\cos \left(\omega t\right)=\omega L\,I_{\text{pico}}\,\sin \left(\omega t+{\pi \over 2}\right)\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>onde <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{\text{pico}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>pico</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{\text{pico}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1fbff5ef9d41871af18a800827b6aa5de7861e68" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.179ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{\text{pico}}}"></span> é a <a href="/wiki/Amplitude" title="Amplitude">amplitude</a> (valor de pico) da corrente senoidal em <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amperes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amperes (página não existe)">amperes</a>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega =2\pi f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ω</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega =2\pi f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7a1bf35d395c2d52391265e4bbda0aed14f52579" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:8.317ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega =2\pi f}"></span> é a <a href="/wiki/Frequ%C3%AAncia_angular" title="Frequência angular">frequência angular</a> da <a href="/wiki/Corrente_alternada" title="Corrente alternada">corrente alternada</a>, com <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}"></span> sendo sua frequência em <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">hertz</a>, e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/103168b86f781fe6e9a4a87b8ea1cebe0ad4ede8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.583ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L}"></span> é a indutância. </p><p>Assim, a amplitude (valor de pico) da tensão através da indutância é </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{p}=\omega L\,I_{p}=2\pi f\,L\,I_{p}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{p}=\omega L\,I_{p}=2\pi f\,L\,I_{p}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a8b1082f81eee13584b2a44fe8013ff1d3e6d74f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:22.322ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{p}=\omega L\,I_{p}=2\pi f\,L\,I_{p}}"></span></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Reat%C3%A2ncia_indutiva" title="Reatância indutiva">Reatância indutiva</a> é a oposição de um <a href="/wiki/Indutor" title="Indutor">indutor</a> a uma corrente alternada<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup>. É definido analogamente à <a href="/wiki/Resist%C3%AAncia_el%C3%A9trica" title="Resistência elétrica">resistência elétrica</a> em um <a href="/wiki/Resistor" title="Resistor">resistor</a>, como a razão da amplitude (valor de pico) da tensão alternada para a corrente no componente. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{L}={\frac {V_{p}}{I_{p}}}=2\pi f\,L}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{L}={\frac {V_{p}}{I_{p}}}=2\pi f\,L}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ea510d4c650038b2c7a1a2a5e41bdcd3a9cb18c2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:18.466ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{L}={\frac {V_{p}}{I_{p}}}=2\pi f\,L}"></span></dd></dl> <p>A reatância tem unidades de <a href="/wiki/Ohms" title="Ohms">ohms</a>. Pode ser visto que a reatância indutiva de um indutor aumenta proporcionalmente com a frequência <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}"></span>, portanto, um indutor conduz menos corrente para uma dada tensão CA aplicada à medida que a frequência aumenta. Como a tensão induzida é maior quando a corrente está aumentando, as formas de onda da tensão e da corrente estão fora de fase; os picos de tensão ocorrem mais cedo em cada ciclo do que os picos de corrente. A diferença de fase entre a corrente e a tensão induzida é <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \phi ={\tfrac {1}{2}}\pi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <mi>π</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \phi ={\tfrac {1}{2}}\pi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ffbbc9cd5f5b9d6a0650d32c4ec8b291f04bc33a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:7.474ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \phi ={\tfrac {1}{2}}\pi }"></span> radianos ou 90 graus, mostrando que em um indutor ideal a corrente está atrasada em relação à tensão em 90 °. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Autoindutância_e_energia_magnética"><span id="Autoindut.C3.A2ncia_e_energia_magn.C3.A9tica"></span>Autoindutância e energia magnética</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar secção: Autoindutância e energia magnética" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Autoindutância e energia magnética"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se a corrente através de um <a href="/wiki/Condutor_el%C3%A9trico" title="Condutor elétrico">condutor</a> com <a class="mw-selflink selflink">indutância</a> está aumentando, uma tensão <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v(t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v(t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/243a0bf98a12f48552ba6a70302122d81b237b3d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.777ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v(t)}"></span>é induzida através do condutor com uma polaridade que se opõe à corrente - além de qualquer queda de tensão causada pela <a href="/wiki/Resist%C3%AAncia_el%C3%A9trica" title="Resistência elétrica">resistência</a> do condutor. As cargas que fluem pelo circuito perdem energia potencial. A energia do circuito externo necessária para superar essa "colina de potencial" é armazenada no campo magnético aumentado ao redor do condutor. Portanto, um indutor armazena energia em seu campo magnético. A qualquer momento <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle t}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle t}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/65658b7b223af9e1acc877d848888ecdb4466560" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.84ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle t}"></span> o poder <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p(t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p(t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9b827c545ca1487214f0c498131228ef87718ece" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:3.908ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p(t)}"></span>fluindo para o campo magnético, que é igual à taxa de variação da energia armazenada <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/458a728f53b9a0274f059cd695e067c430956025" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.783ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i(t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i(t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/06931e7bcffd32010f83c3d5dbef2d9bcbdcb670" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.451ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i(t)}"></span> e voltagem <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v(t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v(t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/243a0bf98a12f48552ba6a70302122d81b237b3d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.777ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v(t)}"></span> através do condutor<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p(t)={\frac {{\text{d}}U}{{\text{d}}t}}=v(t)\,i(t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>U</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p(t)={\frac {{\text{d}}U}{{\text{d}}t}}=v(t)\,i(t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/feae1412bd72ff2c75709c543c018b48c2b9039a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:21.631ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p(t)={\frac {{\text{d}}U}{{\text{d}}t}}=v(t)\,i(t)}"></span></dd></dl> <p><i>De (1)</i> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {{\text{d}}U}{{\text{d}}t}}=L(i)\,i\,{\frac {{\text{d}}i}{{\text{d}}t}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>U</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>i</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {{\text{d}}U}{{\text{d}}t}}=L(i)\,i\,{\frac {{\text{d}}i}{{\text{d}}t}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4e6e88f41aa04e1a9a3ccf563c408b09925ffff7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:15.749ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {{\text{d}}U}{{\text{d}}t}}=L(i)\,i\,{\frac {{\text{d}}i}{{\text{d}}t}}}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\text{d}}U=L(i)\,i\,{\text{d}}i\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>i</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\text{d}}U=L(i)\,i\,{\text{d}}i\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1800a680a40ba8b02665c86fe2aa6d232724b22a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:14.427ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\text{d}}U=L(i)\,i\,{\text{d}}i\,}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Quando não há corrente, não há <a href="/wiki/Campo_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Campo magnético">campo magnético</a> e a energia armazenada é zero. Negligenciando as perdas resistivas, a energia <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/458a728f53b9a0274f059cd695e067c430956025" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.783ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U}"></span> (medido em joules, em S<a href="/wiki/SI" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="SI">I</a>) armazenado por uma indutância com uma corrente <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/535ea7fc4134a31cbe2251d9d3511374bc41be9f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.172ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I}"></span> por meio dele é igual à quantidade de trabalho necessária para estabelecer a corrente por meio da indutância de zero e, portanto, do campo magnético. Isso é dado por: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U=\int _{0}^{I}L(i)\,i\,{\text{d}}i\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>I</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>i</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U=\int _{0}^{I}L(i)\,i\,{\text{d}}i\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0689c022dc512720c28f99c5a2ebf9094556a263" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:17.046ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U=\int _{0}^{I}L(i)\,i\,{\text{d}}i\,}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Se a indutância <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L(i)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L(i)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bdb6bda51bcf335bd6571acc37a0391eb5a7dbab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.195ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L(i)}"></span> é constante ao longo da faixa atual, a energia armazenada é<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U=L\int _{0}^{I}\,i\,{\text{d}}i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>L</mi> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>I</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>i</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U=L\int _{0}^{I}\,i\,{\text{d}}i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33e7ca939141650430a3d801d19a49b15c62514a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:14.435ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U=L\int _{0}^{I}\,i\,{\text{d}}i}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U={\tfrac {1}{2}}L\,I^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msup> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U={\tfrac {1}{2}}L\,I^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b6b54fdb86d1f9c4160cfd084c474e0c3f34dcc4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:10.78ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U={\tfrac {1}{2}}L\,I^{2}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>A indutância é, portanto, também proporcional à energia armazenada no campo magnético para uma determinada corrente. Essa energia é armazenada enquanto a corrente permanecer constante. Se a corrente diminuir, o campo magnético diminui, induzindo uma tensão no condutor na direção oposta, negativa na extremidade por onde a corrente entra e positiva na extremidade por onde ela sai. Isso retorna a energia magnética armazenada para o circuito externo. </p><p>Se os materiais ferromagnéticos estiverem localizados perto do condutor, como em um indutor com núcleo magnético, a equação da indutância constante acima só é válida para regiões lineares do fluxo magnético, em correntes abaixo do nível em que o material ferromagnético satura, onde a indutância é aproximadamente constante. Se o campo magnético no indutor se aproximar do nível em que o núcleo satura, a indutância começa a mudar com a corrente e a equação integral deve ser usada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Potência_e_Energia_Armazenada_em_indutores"><span id="Pot.C3.AAncia_e_Energia_Armazenada_em_indutores"></span>Potência e Energia Armazenada em indutores</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar secção: Potência e Energia Armazenada em indutores" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indut%C3%A2ncia&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Potência e Energia Armazenada em indutores"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Um circuito sendo desligado, a corrente existente neste circuito pode variar induzindo uma corrente em outro circuito que esteja próximo. Quando uma corrente em um circuito esta aumentando, torna-se necessário um aumento da tensão induzida pela variação da corrente, aumentando-se a energia, que pode ficar armazenada e reaproveitada posteriormente. O indutor é capaz de armazenar energia em um campo magnético,sendo que um indutor quando percorrido por corrente elétrica, de acordo com a lei de Faraday ocorre um acúmulo de cargas positivas na entrada e de cargas negativas na saída de um indutor. O acumulo de cargas representa o armazenamento de energia no campo magnético. A energia pode ser dada por:<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p(t)=\int _{t_{0}}^{t}Li(t).{\frac {d_{i}(t)}{dt}}\,dt=w-w_{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p(t)=\int _{t_{0}}^{t}Li(t).{\frac {d_{i}(t)}{dt}}\,dt=w-w_{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/80283b6a4e1fd4b2d7a7918df0cd93aa53367c64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:35.009ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p(t)=\int _{t_{0}}^{t}Li(t).{\frac {d_{i}(t)}{dt}}\,dt=w-w_{0}}"></span> </p><p> com as condições iniciais nulas, temos: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle w={\frac {1}{2}}.Li^{2}(t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>w</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> <mi>L</mi> <msup> <mi>i</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle w={\frac {1}{2}}.Li^{2}(t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/67c61ba33a056dc8dc6868f87d1d9af3ea97843c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:13.884ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle w={\frac {1}{2}}.Li^{2}(t)}"></span></p><h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Serway, Raymond A.; Kirkpatrick, Larry D. (abril de 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2342517">«Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics»</a>. <i>The Physics Teacher</i> (4): 254–255. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0031-921X">0031-921X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1119%2F1.2342517">10.1119/1.2342517</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 12 de novembro de 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.atitle=Physics+for+Scientists+and+Engineers+with+Modern+Physics&rft.au=Kirkpatrick%2C+Larry+D.&rft.aufirst=Raymond+A.&rft.aulast=Serway&rft.date=1988-04&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0031-921X&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=The+Physics+Teacher&rft.pages=254-255&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1119%2F1.2342517&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1119%2F1.2342517&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hayt-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-hayt_2-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-hayt_2-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Hayt_Jr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William H. Hayt Jr (página não existe)">Hayt Jr,W.A.| Buck, J.A.</a> (2013). <i>: Eletromagnetismo</i>. [S.l.]: AMGH Editora Ltda,. 595 páginas. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0073380660" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0073380660">0073380660</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.au=Hayt+Jr%2CW.A.%7C+Buck%2C+J.A.&rft.btitle=%3A+Eletromagnetismo&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0073380660&rft.pub=AMGH+Editora+Ltda%2C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ulaby, Fawwaz T. (Fawwaz Tayssir), 1943- (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69734608"><i>Fundamentals of applied electromagnetics</i></a> 5th ed ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/69734608">69734608</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.au=Ulaby%2C+Fawwaz+T.+%28Fawwaz+Tayssir%29%2C+1943-&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+applied+electromagnetics&rft.date=2007&rft.edition=5th+ed&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Upper+Saddle+River%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Pearson%2FPrentice+Hall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F69734608&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F69734608&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>) !CS1 manut: Texto extra (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Texto_extra" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Texto extra">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Não_nomeado-xvvG-1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Não_nomeado-xvvG-1_4-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Não_nomeado-xvvG-1_4-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Williams, L. Pearce (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11139-8_6">«Faraday and Ampère: A Critical Dialogue»</a>. London: Macmillan Education UK: 83–104. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-333-51122-0" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-333-51122-0">978-0-333-51122-0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 12 de novembro de 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.atitle=Faraday+and+Amp%C3%A8re%3A+A+Critical+Dialogue&rft.aufirst=L.+Pearce&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=article&rft.isbn=978-0-333-51122-0&rft.pages=83-104&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-1-349-11139-8_6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Giancoli, Douglas (agosto de 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812774163_others05">«Microbes in Environmental Biotechnology»</a>. WORLD SCIENTIFIC: 623–624. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-981-256-676-8" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-981-256-676-8">978-981-256-676-8</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 12 de novembro de 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.atitle=Microbes+in+Environmental+Biotechnology&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.aulast=Giancoli&rft.date=2006-08&rft.genre=article&rft.isbn=978-981-256-676-8&rft.pages=623-624&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1142%2F9789812774163_others05&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Villate-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Villate_6-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Villate_6-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Villate_6-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Villate_6-3">d</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Villate_6-4">e</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">[ <i>Eletricidade e Magnetismo</i>. Porto: Jaime E. Villate, 20 de março de 2013. 221 págs]. <a href="/wiki/Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a> Atribuição-Partilha (versão 3.0) <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9789729939624" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-972-99396-2-4</a>. Acesso em 20 Jun. 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tipler-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tipler_7-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tipler_7-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">[ <i>Física- Eletricidade e Magnetismo, ótica</i>. New York: Paul A. Tipler,Gene Mosca, 2004. 550 págs]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Editora_Edgard_Blucher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Editora Edgard Blucher (página não existe)">Editora Edgard Blucher</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jewett-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-jewett_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_W._Jewett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John W. Jewett (página não existe)">Jewett,J.W.| Serway, R.A.</a> (2011). <i>: Física para cientistas e engenheiros- Eletricidade e magnetismo</i>. [S.l.]: Cengage Learning Edições Ltda,. 380 páginas. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-85-221-1110-7" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-85-221-1110-7">978-85-221-1110-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.au=Jewett%2CJ.W.%7C+Serway%2C+R.A.&rft.btitle=%3A+F%C3sica+para+cientistas+e+engenheiros-+Eletricidade+e+magnetismo&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-85-221-1110-7&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning+Edi%C3%A7%C3%B5es+Ltda%2C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bueno-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bueno_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">[ <i>Calculo de indutância e de força em circuitos elétricos</i>. Montreal: Marcelo Bueno,André K. T. Assis, 2015. 210 págs]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Library_and_Archives_Canada_Cataloguing_in_Publication&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication (página não existe)">Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Fernandes, Thelma Solange Piazza. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eletrica.ufpr.br/thelma/Capitulo7.pdf">«Elementos Armazenadores de Energia»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Setor de Tecnologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 29 de novembro de 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.au=Fernandes%2C+Thelma+Solange+Piazza&rft.btitle=Elementos+Armazenadores+de+Energia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Setor+de+Tecnologia+da+Universidade+Federal+do+Paran%C3%A1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eletrica.ufpr.br%2Fthelma%2FCapitulo7.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Purcell-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Purcell_11-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Purcell_11-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">[ <i>Curso de Física de Berkeley - Eletricidade e Magnetismo</i>. Universidade de Harvard: Edward M. Purcell, 1973. 429 págs]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Livros_T%C3%A9cnicos_e_Cient%C3%ADficos_Editora_S.A.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livros Técnicos e Científicos Editora S.A. (página não existe)">Livros Técnicos e Científicos Editora S.A.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1872-9037_afco_asc_2259">«Gale Cengage Learning»</a>. <i>African Studies Companion Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 12 de novembro de 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.atitle=Gale+Cengage+Learning&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=African+Studies+Companion+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1163%2F1872-9037_afco_asc_2259&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Serway, Raymond A.; Albano, Alfonso M.; Arrison, James; Mello, Tina M. (dezembro de 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.17988">«Post‐Use Review. Principles of Physics»</a>. <i>American Journal of Physics</i> (12): 1154–1154. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9505">0002-9505</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1119%2F1.17988">10.1119/1.17988</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 12 de novembro de 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.atitle=Post%90Use+Review.+Principles+of+Physics&rft.au=Albano%2C+Alfonso+M.&rft.au=Arrison%2C+James&rft.au=Mello%2C+Tina+M.&rft.aufirst=Raymond+A.&rft.aulast=Serway&rft.date=1995-12&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0002-9505&rft.issue=12&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physics&rft.pages=1154-1154&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1119%2F1.17988&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1119%2F1.17988&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Ida, Nathan (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68624-0">«Engineering Electromagnetics»</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2F978-0-387-68624-0">10.1007/978-0-387-68624-0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 12 de novembro de 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.atitle=Engineering+Electromagnetics&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.aulast=Ida&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-0-387-68624-0&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-0-387-68624-0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Fernandes, Thelma Solange Piazza. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eletrica.ufpr.br/thelma/Capitulo7.pdf">«Elementos Armazenadores de Energia»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Setor de Tecnologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 29 de novembro de 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIndut%C3%A2ncia&rft.au=Fernandes%2C+Thelma+Solange+Piazza&rft.btitle=Elementos+Armazenadores+de+Energia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Setor+de+Tecnologia+da+Universidade+Federal+do+Paran%C3%A1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eletrica.ufpr.br%2Fthelma%2FCapitulo7.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2 id="Referências_2" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias_2"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Controle_de_autoridade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Controle_de_autoridade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Controle_de_autoridade" title="Ajuda:Controle de autoridade">Controle de autoridade</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q177897">Q177897</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclop%C3%A9dia_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Grande Enciclopédia Soviética">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/2011001">2011001</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/inductance">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4026770-2">4026770-2</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.jstor.org/topic/inductance">inductance</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_de_controle_da_Biblioteca_do_Congresso" title="Número de controle da Biblioteca do Congresso">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85065802">sh85065802</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_T%C3%A9cnica_Nacional_de_Praga" title="Biblioteca Técnica Nacional de Praga">PSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psh.techlib.cz/skos/PSH3421">3421</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul class="noprint navigation-box" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; 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