CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91353c1e78da4070',cH: 'e.fNPysh8etklsAg6TTj14N_5KGymzMvYn8pQEa5Q6Q-1739789618-1.2.1.1-nRtPscE0oGf.sC6m2X8mUIV7.AXnJ29sQQhprFbUEQ5aPT70UzDsjof3b44vpkcc',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=secure%20software&__cf_chl_tk=F9LDls2jpTt0GefDUK5zLt1nNqr1nTTpLr1KpgPW4Mc-1739789618-1.0.1.1-s0VcShSyWTghApf2l4fPTDlEDpC7clXu9kpH4CXO6yM",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739789618',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=secure%20software&__cf_chl_f_tk=F9LDls2jpTt0GefDUK5zLt1nNqr1nTTpLr1KpgPW4Mc-1739789618-1.0.1.1-s0VcShSyWTghApf2l4fPTDlEDpC7clXu9kpH4CXO6yM",md: "BroZ_th7LvfqR6j1Re80x2Hw2BQ6isjGby53egywihs-1739789618-1.2.1.1-__UFbZo1sSF00e9GygcwPV1eRdRy_.GmJl1yMbRe70yGQTZNMwWuQfoUZvw7P.dGxLDbUxonSnO4LIn2FJecttSyN1Itrh02W2t0sFvM5qQdreULtLL0pQecmH1l_IO_l8E__i_eKDPjyxO4zvfxmBzpKmIAmZal6Gt35zT6J7Dt8BxtSTRu284fwk787ZhgFZ5ZIk.TNtattqLttT1IwSlNjtygzZHeYx6U.0Lb0Tra6E12_fblxXe7aGhkvVUgsTmbowlCBpr0hLe.oJyATc_WkDR_VdAZMhYNo0O_3oLh2hvUb9FN.HyGJaZTFP8lNL5qtFJSyYE5e6URj3h_BJKXtf3nalY2tM18sBQwqAMFT1EGSLzMbXMiGo3NZDe85aOi47ixVYCUIoU2aTJTv58L1MolJv.VQ1K6rmtstZEG14IKl191gPd8Nygh0wDA27p3qdq_zouTLhoBkzjBFFv14hdS6cC9E70wm9.FhWjyfQWePV9l6gd7OTLQ5vrMIOfhG93MTEqHdBFvavCuSClhKAMpQvSv.B22p38ZgLTOHlID6hyiggKW2yO6iymkkLk9OasmzCFJlyIbn8Xslg7FoKDP34q96qZBbcv3NPhZejH4ENPO6mZ0z93aKrwEizam34VuuhmqTeYhL3tkBMAtBI_L5bhkNsywNW.Za_T3X3pJxRXLEnVVIHLD2AZKqKEjIzvORrGDq3wCk9uZJ6udMiAYTjj98PEpgrJq_l00aPAKODtkDKlliT7UOHOb_WE_FbzCgz1mpcjkucX7nsyLPcAK4XTcFp4Vyoq_.1bxLil_ij.WIzbE5yeQzWUl0wRZCd9FTfOkw_HteZiWX67d1CkpKv_ulurhcilT9GDdU4CaSX5wmRZPIqEGvPGUbdPjIE9iE6f41utGp8sUVh4S2ZfaWYMt.T7GDwMVid2qjm_rcYdR_aSiwdulwbpJARGFM0QjQpRnEpVh0j7Hgtu9U.XQkuyeo_2Y7QXPgq.Db2teeWgz3E5eJD0_eaETX7nIR9NhwLvOB_IT9HLyWrsnEn2voYrx05RVmVGMuJRB8E71a7BH0qZReIOAu6h_X_f2zt7PD.7mBHdhk1pmmKgPcrZ5JfHirTMNx.aIlAjyIWEpqvjCJwWaomj7Sc6H2rb5FhZzJ12EyjLYayMKFxSTfQGr1mJZSoY_dAg_r0JTBxj_7QvxmHcwDXBI9MTlsEimiK8H.aPFiJlNcj2Z3QDQ34t5zwaHJiOI0MyV8OlkiuHS5uuYBVxnIuX8QjqVzlfneRkJSN8yoXnWvCTiYIdie6unnO3M.96RABTu63QJz.CP9YFAa8.vcbNFd0irIXPaIvRKiB82N3Vo7mVGyKetFcd7ZDM0YEzJTSQydYhGezvd.8G6WGAiKxYdZ4xN8eYlvpvY9EIY8_HLv7cbtlxRTOSmoCtxNNOAqCnvI12V4QNhcwTN8mpnRXbnK2EBKVVdKMNu.Qd.qd5K0NuQooviE0L2t4Wj.7YfhKVRZeBoANvDYR4Xm3XsdYqXhlL8pxIIqqdGUoVWjtLAsMctfqUqaxcx6MumKbScPKvFs51aJvMJDON.RqW5ilyPxUZquGNAyds11IT558IB4QX.oHqKjfDaG02Jgu2yfyq0OXxGbuuR5PYQXpXY3U7KZdLRmPVpNp.yYsdJGqxTG1C1qTVKOdpiLvez5s9gQl8cTpLTUA.15icOaGGwQ07LPch5gVMUJB0qZJtTcIcx7r9dOFCuHnzBb8EimdNpbHYxzi.O9dSbeTp1pc35uvrglssImNDZ6R.4yDLOFridOj4mTAu8k23TSl8EMp6M8F3SHtsZubBCvOBePhExFcgkOF2v8CHBaDtJPFT4xdreyR.BxvoUAfR4LuGrJ1_CgfSJbLSjyZSKhbioUYHwNXdm3owIYm7d6nfhdcN4eF9_kyAjjAKMe6klBnZZgNXAhxVJcHo",mdrd: "7tqk1To9VX.8NyLZ2YXjpZXpgUTLpHyHUErHjo3o87E-1739789618-1.2.1.1-CIFFUsaWXq9IWuRLcw57hhm_qMZsmaAsO3Yc2DRYg8vNgNEMDoPRVkYkj5DkgL.hrNtbEKjaQzE0DFlHeeICIm5HTbtJxf_ljh9LlgATDXwIemMpemVGdp9xXP_k3atZDrnCCSNDAxHpIpEmEU15BLpS0vZDcvj._Al0hS7R1RmA31XvLqHMMOLMTO5_kWWhYKYu2hquy9Q5lsmafbRJP12DpipG9m_GFEqaFJNbUz3gtNLiQ.KWcKhDfMmrNpAdzj3JUKJl6ZRSY0lYltYLpCSS7i7r09.8IeP5rkObFqr1lnoTEK4rZSqiTE_WTcMwx6qA3vJ3FJvvyCXppRmtJO9x5EuxRFd.I3Pd6.no7rUowdPVXjX6jW6vaE66kQkTvrTJsDH_1Gb5cRap6plvwkH831HYkVH93QUv1llrQ1eqbg1sahssPa9V9qKrxRbJg3tX7jL1vfZ.kPh1t_UGvoJ29MBMNzemlgKvPx6hqtqXivY2b4zXTCVl6wT1kJmH5mQNbNGcDwuJh16W27JjlOxpF4_b.PNtPhglZP1qV.B_WhSHdfMHPGbQYiXhqBQkBaNoeFggM.0h.wBusqk3qDh82XrGwYyrMrf0rf8lbxjWSpEEoVgn66EFN_yrPOrZ_Un2GhHHQtuqVsPi9cjIsxdtwm_9SH.DUjjfA0CB44vySiHnfLAfhuL0Ge9WVsAMOGyxlJdn.AVqnblgE7NXKlb9SifGCazLXWd.BUVrDBKOoUBpPvlS3QhphTqXoiJyswyLRiI66JoizrtoUUvYC1XUDrDi9Na8LGkeAzWtTtpdpkUX4n_PDQLOFxygkxxQsc5yeE05TftQ7C56H67RD61Ct8ML0HsHbUErVG1L87Fo1_MhB9AFpnjha5E7JVX8UgWPJZhZCYTaHZZtUFKz6ugWFaUVPqQkAAZXNQEBiOAg.aK7fMR8annsp1CQ4BvGTy3cYrAqBKvXr0u746C22Z6cP.L5MssMMbGtsgd1T8t0V3R._D1zJfAE7MTTSnuq9GSQVKyE6kVEvP_8S_TuNCkakI20KVkguylX5yXmn952pQsPlFnOs0L_Us3KsRtJMvICKJA0TeJ1FFWPJmaplMquCgE_CC_7pSt5PWTlwaxU9tEMMil3kooeCDjAv.gZoRfBPuBkxSGtjzb5rOiFNPchZIX3l.9szQGNLZ371s2w_fjYSdMm56zCQ75TXrdxkzyNbZDlRHQ8E4SZt9GDBpVs5nC2Ls_fKvTCGMLOTb0adp_kyfT7WOJlRffzg51sKMxBgH8Mw99Jfa9msTlymQ25t5UkrYAbZwRy.azJby7EJksBMrS8G5pyL3_LP2gxTPAa7DYfIhnXEvpunYF3hY96VLje.i2jK8C29lCfBKd2.1So2jsw6ccw1SS_TjTtUev1c4HWOh93G0mTm4njvRc6s3fcFY01Cru6uvW0m1N3gyAk8LBor8cqXd8BCDeBufUVAPaMUEIRfhHGmtKuwy0BtnGswGibsFX6w6taZcgFCvUAA_cBWjhJUctEd7t0NYihrLSSrQQBoWnJEOSEta3M7299jq7US1CKw3glcFbu72BoDtC2uxmCFZVexRanRixbSSbcGO_ZXwoCEkV12HuD_rlqba2x6AIh5Vr0f2XmybUUIZnF5LxfJhp8UvILwfhhrx6kCCJexBv7MbZ_8PdTVZlYAfecj0miU8lQI5le8dgJUiBbSxhmc3fII1lij.Tft5F4uSikRgvivaAdn.EAAq7ynBmtirlAluNLrm_Tp7Z2O0VcnFonYgbRj5xKcF1N314Mh2w4eMWQKVpktDpFmUwdreJCYErN9YlHO8yDxFuK2DmdF_QJQ80BRsitIxYCl1OazqIOJmN_glXe0ehPpTTKqyiTTVKE8egHwYXPcKo1gjY6.7LNk_yKqm3lK8zh4YsauiYuIdttoZl64VRTL9Avv2hqmlFTu_Kg7J2UdDJGEIn78XcUGJ_UOib5G0gwKeEnx0QiZnQsq3H6Sg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91353c1e78da4070';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=secure%20software&__cf_chl_rt_tk=F9LDls2jpTt0GefDUK5zLt1nNqr1nTTpLr1KpgPW4Mc-1739789618-1.0.1.1-s0VcShSyWTghApf2l4fPTDlEDpC7clXu9kpH4CXO6yM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>