CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91354d3d68bd48e8',cH: '_Yfn4IhEXALQNBPJ7aaqDUQkvKTUhpNxguULelxUU.8-1739790320-1.2.1.1-wF87jKtyARvfFt.HQ7OFLIkdhDP3yLmUl6K2B9qtCZ6Jr833tsIXGCJ5oIwzqYLv',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Muhammad%20Fattah%20Fazel&__cf_chl_tk=12GvkxIFmYBzaZxkqbolGMOROw62IQUZ_aGjxWcQ1BI-1739790320-1.0.1.1-sRaHG5g0iQRfmPZOqxSspg5TIyNvv9XFfMVyOSEq3Ts",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739790320',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Muhammad%20Fattah%20Fazel&__cf_chl_f_tk=12GvkxIFmYBzaZxkqbolGMOROw62IQUZ_aGjxWcQ1BI-1739790320-1.0.1.1-sRaHG5g0iQRfmPZOqxSspg5TIyNvv9XFfMVyOSEq3Ts",md: "bTGITUegv3y6vIwoOUXHCElMFzee4YC6W4NWoLmJw6s-1739790320-1.2.1.1-zxeb55YQ7ZsbjZ1d7QBpSW55_5TVp.qByuapKr9xLcp64ba6jSUy4VRF8tVybH7xRU0lK.TOTy52MEewSwjKMDFC9VG4DJRYHDrTkT4iomGGp_.lWXCw5TNUFAneMKO8h160.qcC_N6Tmp4c9stVKs0Dg.RFZrfXSdOG9aH4IOpon_MfwJUX1FWQdv63CvniwXbCBJy497A0bx_zdTsTU6jFflUWoqddFAnOXG2ifFL9KRjXPyI8usbmPn7JWtTaG7brvMrQOBVLl3eMSyqZdR.vTjODvsh3HemyTzbMKCUG68USINruoo7YvqrKUA.jn96Oi4ErOWvjdEHbrlwv._6Usf2839a_lYrTprWrABzU1P16y.9W7Df3YbLf.xUOK4wNR_VdYnGC39vyBDabYtS0pMHJvbMS6elFJUKJtAyFmduCbpAt05AH1SK.5rp.oa22fJvmAw1mZtfLgwpaC4BzrmfaVhCVkINN8uGNs_iXgaDIyvSMjJRVSg6uQu4_TAyAWdLnXsoARIeLkWeHzWb0KoTYDr_Rb6C.lDWkLi7PInd608cOCAesa57STeSa.7SKbPV8VO9KB.tkj6KJCIr7KI7p2wQK7zZcLujV0LUifN1L3RaHO5OzLKm_NoUgmbRxeBqRlR7xNVcHQ0zIUnlEIHtOMx562boLSNIf5JoU9aaBs3yH0SGUtM2TxjAjFHLo7PkYPDP0jygFSIblbxV_uO_5bYsbH2iymDuFut.G6LAjtUFicjOf6LnzDJUaD04OGBIRHP3MXIIRQ_9glt.5VKxRy2MSIwgs0olSkEviWxZl2vbFIfGwlqZhjse562qVSoXZHBaER_PQVZHC7xbpylsNNQuxJBG5dp0bzRwZJkOgRDHWyDZRZ2OGtSWKkXLwj_Lz7ek5_nyuehGm284DrDfVoZM59j_0qK022QTyJCSwt0PJPeQyYJRzFyATSlsjIbXb788123HFTNzds6k1hvj0QVHnYgi8PogmNNiU6Q8ISfr5CzazUkbwaUgMp10UZVWengfGR0Th9xRSHDfWUTvM2rzMaFpH0Vqmu8Ap9FGrsQjCoM1J4fVq4N0IuCgrZBDV_4CBzubuZi0_Voyl0bA3JyRBC3gWZEBz8o6cL6Yu8t0ygNsVHW2PTnNVyqbLnGPvBMxuBjQIIHfaf2l5GcgAxpfqXfSMUdjwNvpO7reTSYsdOuFQBtGrmkVXVq9vI6_3IUh1Cg0ZKdfegwbVKFYJdxl_bp9aEJG_h8CUEB6w9JgBLHTqE5JkN.VnagoVSPAY.xQOf23LJ83ADVzx0XDVkgIoe11jyc3eKXaA.pBB1iVaHmSn6uAMEIebL6.HuM8NSRVNou9DI00k_28L3qJ2AIPcN6F_JtgEhcL5yDtGqpBYcdENmviuQiNHEJb5jgaB5rN8R3tPTqYkrJnlprMNNlP5TJ1hA1nLhb6gvMgc0dFmHW8JVAlM9N9uHwq2b6mJ9LGNRKgVmBroBiABFgRCAXbEz5c0A7yM6M0cT3nzBhhhySRwBSLtcDtllUDEW2.uME3xBy6Qaw.M96wDDnWxQWfFZ_Z_JyBaoRwOSuyKVSZgfkMNCCPrIS2AAClJzClez3p38FaDLwjAGwHEW_Nhr_joWMZJ2mjpyJ5G3xJ4qxYUAWgRKoqwOM7TtpAjIRslQfNSP7FRIDDstlioEgteYn5MLFcHOgSLv_imYa5GdoEEBqa_UvQ4MQ8LYX65jUV3sGhU8H5KSjWSwdXqmTU_TuRZPetLZ3gDx8kJ8svt6WCHuCC783ggAJyv6vyV0.5nLGyGuzAjh04sUi2fSO95UrTXcN78tFBE45ulnNRmfgkkzc2VeTXMxd_bw_nfbLrTXXTTKZFpxIEaqglc4OL_DHzI5i_uNHfaAoQ7lwQmROg7v8hqVyAsC_6E6MzUHBr9fOrazbjGgcL1YCs82Z.MkgJpicaJt7o06_ovklSTvq6C_m3fV5_efeJs",mdrd: "qVwBMtfTYVR.UjuNQXSSNMOmaJjE4bAhdRY436.mYo0-1739790320-1.2.1.1-FuPQdVLjla3nJvcpsW9e0huJBP5CvuLP3ietqMy9tY9O_IgxzPIdhN23yxATA13wJ_zLYdf4KYdnutvB3eG6R.aWfDjeSZ23bVVl16VUbh6O4G0vFs4PslYiHL.eUnuZhhSvxA2YUVyN8x2Ms3cK0azVANbISGs4g7B7UFBoW58iy.tn6eFnqtY2gfbK968ZFvlc9.OKKCMwWafJRx5Mht48jftvGEmOqhKJPjI6RANpdAzoBwePEfWi6L9E4xA40R0UIiliBNn3p_NYuOxv1RCZtoZ2Lc0eU.4.o.knoLJ9yDunHbnXvY4W_YPsOHRbsVqf4nKdj9INYgsYOjHtQpKoUDFhN3wA3ZLK7Ff95u1XKDlpSF52VlwATWqbt81N2pAGu1kz.hma.IBDx8cPWtaO8mpXiI30DMeRg_A9064Xz6VQ.X9tOX9_1JKcs5lVAHUSu9d_QvTTFq2OHJxdm.eiwC4MVFJm52yLqBfaV9vZM1zsPyg.FjlMRS5Si1qPRPj1L5QEZA7Tk2KsUbo60zO6rVaHiFd4HqtmxWKQXz7NCPzPEdzGE6ESjgn5BFx9xe_o.Q1dJAq6oFj8QMMPPx.dTxEb4sxTkbbryFuTFj6ZEvDZCt5JM_77SX_sDggmX5z8BcTodglvZmlObNFknpVl6XYaU._iahvZ9YIvLFb8sp8oQt9LcvAONkwLtn6okanEg7esfFttL_.5odnJW0n.qtOV14_s3IqdKZQ.7KXa3bVL8xVBNHogqkmnFZMWEEoktnEZ7k3Q47RggfPYaXLyBQuSC3dUnZC_N6bXz3FR28LiNi__Lb9CXqbQJ0MsX1tX0NW4dKNCIFWajtrXzNv.Oss.ZlWziBbdWUI_Ca4BEgA4jtkq9WRpYI6uSZ7lb1MrapEHhhRkznmwUI2LxeXDPltDq9WDOa5IkFK4A.Z1DjCqSwtdmZfUg_CZ2VwyFCaGtSK1RG8syo8CzZjGWQ6MAUs7E2uojhbQJteGM5ZipGMVIqWh._yyv61WE9asWFmK2GH2py_CxK6_K8HLvBKgqRD2KEvXAaLOd1We0tlZh9SYj5sri8dDfrVbIzA4gsCSLLddb0B5MWjwbym_1.5aJqIWqXoFBymcnEYVl0_rBXnhI6oFP0TpIYXprseAZ0txtwwdr2Tzk97G9b5dpUQ1fbTLmQwPlKVB26u84cZSQLAgH809vB6w5YWficlWaboyYmO0jj9_37z97CYDPD1TsgcUlLjESAK_iuVb33bHm6w11EhnKRRXn3QvBUna2AhzzVuxOpmC8YClW2gf0xmmEWcl6JAZBpIZGkd2nHMbcjaXr8DnUXID01W7FaQCOcorTWAuj0VTJV1wYGKQVLjNU8kYAjTF_ohp_gQSjUx95DDsdocy9iAzxCA2GZsElZV_3BOPh5ipxf0BRcm1IkDaCmL.zivItRNpEJyEdA5Um2NX_4WYgDlYeVUpQaPa4ISG_9gI_IDS7TDhBrtk5WnF3rkUCM2ZzAok8vHsluDC_DjjX9QGC9ea9T_8ZXgSS3MHEP5N57Cm6dJqkAp7juf8tafYUzdAkYsBdTkeAUdgKsTLKKPnnzUbf9Wjt8ReuYJVI6o6F0qEsr3eqmKiKRGITpYdXg7ZsAJry7EVLXFSy.GxcB7UnssmF4NQXYYtwUPkZ4WSYgS9xgpy57oGu1Sea2EFm6yM_bzQy9EW_MZk2sfmWItZq81cIxFimazdNFeZuhDTCO4vLat8nW2L3v1nyzn3RhecYuwjBxE4fiT4sRsocnv3S_V4uFtGmfHqwzeTYLZxxB1J6LkCP3KxY3QIgPvqi3a5JYDXR9tL9ixl9BJr88jIQGFlfs5TxSoyvDpw95cRcDzYWPBeLEDTacJfU1u3kdP6S423nFcV9dmmuXEvc73m2NxnUZ.SjNs4y_u5V.jCe.cPSmKlNkuxKckegwKeO542EzCkuoekRtTYtKAdGUm_0nmybBQqFlCY"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91354d3d68bd48e8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Muhammad%20Fattah%20Fazel&__cf_chl_rt_tk=12GvkxIFmYBzaZxkqbolGMOROw62IQUZ_aGjxWcQ1BI-1739790320-1.0.1.1-sRaHG5g0iQRfmPZOqxSspg5TIyNvv9XFfMVyOSEq3Ts" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>