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{"work":{"id":41536896,"created_at":"2020-01-06T12:40:18.736-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2025-01-11T03:21:47.249-08:00","_data":{"doi":"10.3764/ajaonline1241.Brown","ai_abstract":"This volume brings together a collection of essays from prominent scholars in the field of garden studies, structured into three main parts: the physical remains of gardens, literary and artistic representations of gardens, and theoretical frameworks using contemporary landscape design methodologies. Covering a broad temporal and geographic scope, the book highlights the diversity of garden types in ancient Rome, challenges the multivalent terminology of gardens, and emphasizes the collaborative spirit of garden research. Beautifully illustrated, this book serves as both a scholarly resource and an introductory text for broader audiences, demonstrating the interdisciplinary nature and the future potential of garden studies.","publication_date":"2020,,","publication_name":"American Journal of Archaeology"},"document_type":"book_review","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"January 2020 (124.1) Gardens of the Roman Empire","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [68490857]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":61696886,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “January 2020 (124.1) Gardens of the Roman Empire”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/61696886/mini_magick20200106-22024-1eely1y.png?1578343371" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">January 2020 (124.1) Gardens of the Roman Empire</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="68490857" href="https://williams.academia.edu/NicoleBrown"><img alt="Profile image of Nicole G Brown" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/68490857/38083308/31991616/s65_nicole.brown.jpg" />Nicole G Brown</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2020, American Journal of Archaeology</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.3764/ajaonline1241.Brown" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.3764/ajaonline1241.Brown</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">4 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 41536896; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">AI-generated Abstract</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This volume brings together a collection of essays from prominent scholars in the field of garden studies, structured into three main parts: the physical remains of gardens, literary and artistic representations of gardens, and theoretical frameworks using contemporary landscape design methodologies. Covering a broad temporal and geographic scope, the book highlights the diversity of garden types in ancient Rome, challenges the multivalent terminology of gardens, and emphasizes the collaborative spirit of garden research. Beautifully illustrated, this book serves as both a scholarly resource and an introductory text for broader audiences, demonstrating the interdisciplinary nature and the future potential of garden studies.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":61696886,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/41536896/January_2020_124_1_Gardens_of_the_Roman_Empire"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":61696886,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/41536896/January_2020_124_1_Gardens_of_the_Roman_Empire"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Glatron & L. Granchamp (dir.), The Urban Garden City. Shaping the City with Gardens Through History, New York, p. 17-32.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42855612" href="https://unibe-ch1.academia.edu/IlseHilbold">Ilse Hilbold</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Pierre Grimal’s 1943 thesis on Roman gardens, the birth of archaeology of gardens and the recent opening of museum spaces dedicated to Roman gardens are three founding moments of the modern history of gardens. Since the Renaissance period, however, successive readings of archaeological remains, and Latin and Greek texts have fed the history of Roman gardens, overlays of interpretations, intellectual disputes, opposing and enriching points of views. “Roman Gardens”, as researchers comprehend the subject today, are the results of this history. The object of this chapter is to question the construction of the history of gardens, what we would otherwise call “historiography of Roman gardens”, by bringing to light the more or less visible presuppositions which define gardens, at a specific moment of the history of research.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"\"Building a Garden: Historiographic Analysis of “Roman Gardens” in the 19th and 20th Centuries\", dans S. Glatron \u0026 L. Granchamp (dir.), The Urban Garden City. Shaping the City with Gardens Through History, New York, p. 17-32.","attachmentId":56266592,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36357739/_Building_a_Garden_Historiographic_Analysis_of_Roman_Gardens_in_the_19th_and_20th_Centuries_dans_S_Glatron_and_L_Granchamp_dir_The_Urban_Garden_City_Shaping_the_City_with_Gardens_Through_History_New_York_p_17_32","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36357739/_Building_a_Garden_Historiographic_Analysis_of_Roman_Gardens_in_the_19th_and_20th_Centuries_dans_S_Glatron_and_L_Granchamp_dir_The_Urban_Garden_City_Shaping_the_City_with_Gardens_Through_History_New_York_p_17_32"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="32650596" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32650596/Horticulture_and_the_Roman_Shaping_of_Nature">Horticulture and the Roman Shaping of Nature</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5374202" href="https://florida.academia.edu/VictoriaPagan">Victoria Emma Pagan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In the Roman world, horticulture (the art and practice of garden cultivation and management) is one aspect of the larger enterprise of farming and agriculture. Hortus denotes a kitchen garden near the house for growing vegetables; horti are large-scale pleasure grounds or parks, privately owned but sometimes open to public use. The literary and material sources from the second century b.c.e. to the second century c.e. in the regions of Latium and Campania adhere to and diverge from generic conventions, distort and exaggerate their subject, and provide social commentary on the purposes and meanings of gardens. After surveying the sources, the second section of this article reviews scholarship on gardens: archaeological studies that ask what gardens are, and cultural studies that ask what gardens mean. The conclusion suggests two future directions: reception studies and environmental sustainability.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Horticulture and the Roman Shaping of Nature","attachmentId":52819318,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32650596/Horticulture_and_the_Roman_Shaping_of_Nature","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/32650596/Horticulture_and_the_Roman_Shaping_of_Nature"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="30463871" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30463871/Ancient_Mediterranean_and_Near_Eastern_Gardens">Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Gardens</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="408749" href="https://stjohns.academia.edu/AmyRebeccaGansell">Amy Rebecca Gansell</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This course is an introduction to ancient gardens and their art historical, literary, and archaeology evidence. Various aspects and methods of garden archaeology, which play an important role in locating and faithfully reconstructing ancient gardens, are emphasized. Formal garden design, environmental diversity, and symbolic functions of gardens across Mediterranean and Near Eastern cultures are interpreted and compared.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Gardens","attachmentId":50903472,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30463871/Ancient_Mediterranean_and_Near_Eastern_Gardens","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30463871/Ancient_Mediterranean_and_Near_Eastern_Gardens"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="16050351" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16050351/Disciples_of_Flora_Gardens_in_History_and_Culture">Disciples of Flora: Gardens in History and Culture</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5374202" href="https://florida.academia.edu/VictoriaPagan">Victoria Emma Pagan</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35251476" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JudithWallickPage">Judith Wallick Page</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">‘Disciples of Flora’ explores, through a variety of approaches, disciplines, and historical periods, the place and vitality of gardens as cultural objects, repositories of meaning, and sites for the construction of identity and subjectivity; gardens being an eminent locus where culture and nature meet. This collection of essays contributes to a revision of histories of gardens by broadening the scope of scholarly inquiry to include a long history from ancient Rome to the present, in which contesting memories delineate new apprehensions of topography and space. The contributors draw attention to alternative landscapes or gardening practices, while recalling the ways in which spaces have been invested with an affective dimension that has itself been historicized.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Disciples of Flora: Gardens in History and Culture","attachmentId":38858098,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16050351/Disciples_of_Flora_Gardens_in_History_and_Culture","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16050351/Disciples_of_Flora_Gardens_in_History_and_Culture"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="77677153" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77677153/Greek_and_Roman_Gardens">Greek and Roman Gardens</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="326443" href="https://gc-cuny.academia.edu/EMacaulay">Elizabeth Macaulay</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Oxford Bibliographies Online Datasets</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Gardens were a fundamental feature of the classical world. In ancient Greece, while gardens were not included within houses, sacred groves and plants, especially trees, were ever-present elements of the Greek landscape throughout Antiquity. Much of our knowledge of Greek gardens and cultivated flora comes primarily from literature and paintings; few gardens have been recovered archaeologically. Greek attitudes to plants also helped shape the values and understanding of plants around the Mediterranean. The transformative catalyst in the development of gardens in classical Antiquity was Alexander the Great’s conquests in the East. He visited some of the major palaces and the gardens of the Persian emperors and satraps and saw firsthand the well-established, extensive garden tradition of the Near East. As a result of Alexander’s conquest, considerable horticultural knowledge (and possibly specimen plants) from the East came back to the Mediterranean region, brought there by his armies ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Greek and Roman Gardens","attachmentId":84982576,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77677153/Greek_and_Roman_Gardens","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77677153/Greek_and_Roman_Gardens"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="7174792" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7174792/_Roman_gardens_military_conquests_and_elite_self_representation_In_K_Coleman_ed_Le_jardin_dans_l_Antiquit%C3%A9_Entretiens_sur_l_Antiquit%C3%A9_classique_60_Gen%C3%A8ve_2014_195_244">‘Roman gardens, military conquests, and elite self-representation’. In K. Coleman (ed.), Le jardin dans l’Antiquité. (Entretiens sur l’Antiquité classique 60). Genève 2014, 195-244.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="164567" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/AnnalisaMarzano">Annalisa Marzano</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"‘Roman gardens, military conquests, and elite self-representation’. In K. Coleman (ed.), Le jardin dans l’Antiquité. (Entretiens sur l’Antiquité classique 60). Genève 2014, 195-244.","attachmentId":61400578,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7174792/_Roman_gardens_military_conquests_and_elite_self_representation_In_K_Coleman_ed_Le_jardin_dans_l_Antiquit%C3%A9_Entretiens_sur_l_Antiquit%C3%A9_classique_60_Gen%C3%A8ve_2014_195_244","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7174792/_Roman_gardens_military_conquests_and_elite_self_representation_In_K_Coleman_ed_Le_jardin_dans_l_Antiquit%C3%A9_Entretiens_sur_l_Antiquit%C3%A9_classique_60_Gen%C3%A8ve_2014_195_244"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="108491892" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/108491892/The_first_extensive_study_of_an_Imperial_Roman_Garden_in_the_city_of_Rome_the_Horti_Lamiani">The first extensive study of an Imperial Roman Garden in the city of Rome: the Horti Lamiani</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11262248" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/ClaudiaMoricca">Claudia Moricca</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper presents the first systematic results of integrated plant macrofossil and pollen analyses from the Horti Lamiani (1st-3rd century ce), an aristocratic residence with a luxury garden which was established on the Esquilino (Esquiline Hill) in Rome during the time of the first Emperor, Caesar Augustus (27 bce-14 ce) and later became one of the most famous Imperial gardens around the ancient city. Different types of plant remains such as charcoal, seeds and fruits and pollen were recovered from pits and pots in the garden and reflect the presence of plants there. There seem to have been ornamental shrubs which were probably grown as decorative modelled hedges and/or isolated bushes, as well as cultivated trees. Several ornamental flowering plants grew in pots. Although this archaeobotanical assemblage could represent some patches of wild vegetation still growing in the study area at the time of the Imperial garden, it is likely that most of the identified plants were intentionally planted and organised to create a glimpse of the past wild landscape of Rome. They have special characteristics, such as bearing coloured flowers or fruits and offering shade, that made them suitable for embellishing a magnificent garden. Moreover this reflects the Roman desire to control nature, testified by the expansion of luxury gardens during the Imperial period and the spread of decorative horticultural techniques, like the miniaturisation of trees and shaping of trees and shrubs by topiary.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The first extensive study of an Imperial Roman Garden in the city of Rome: the Horti Lamiani","attachmentId":106859527,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108491892/The_first_extensive_study_of_an_Imperial_Roman_Garden_in_the_city_of_Rome_the_Horti_Lamiani","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/108491892/The_first_extensive_study_of_an_Imperial_Roman_Garden_in_the_city_of_Rome_the_Horti_Lamiani"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="2053401" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2053401/The_Roman_Garden_Space_Sense_and_Society">The Roman Garden: Space, Sense, and Society</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2681342" href="https://brocku.academia.edu/KatharinevonStackelberg">Katharine von Stackelberg</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Roman Garden: Space, Sense, and Society","attachmentId":31265566,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2053401/The_Roman_Garden_Space_Sense_and_Society","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2053401/The_Roman_Garden_Space_Sense_and_Society"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="12654950" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12654950/Review_of_Mirka_Benes_and_Michael_G_Lee_eds_Clio_in_the_Italian_Garden_Twenty_First_Century_Studies_in_Historical_Methods_and_Theoretical_Perspectives_Dumbarton_Oaks_Colloquium_on_the_History_of_Landscape_Architecture_XXXII">Review of Mirka Benes and Michael G. 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Dumbarton Oaks Colloquium on the History of Landscape Architecture XXXII","attachmentId":37763653,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12654950/Review_of_Mirka_Benes_and_Michael_G_Lee_eds_Clio_in_the_Italian_Garden_Twenty_First_Century_Studies_in_Historical_Methods_and_Theoretical_Perspectives_Dumbarton_Oaks_Colloquium_on_the_History_of_Landscape_Architecture_XXXII","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12654950/Review_of_Mirka_Benes_and_Michael_G_Lee_eds_Clio_in_the_Italian_Garden_Twenty_First_Century_Studies_in_Historical_Methods_and_Theoretical_Perspectives_Dumbarton_Oaks_Colloquium_on_the_History_of_Landscape_Architecture_XXXII"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="12378863" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12378863/Locus_Amoenus_Gardens_and_Horticulture_in_the_Renaissance">Locus Amoenus: Gardens and Horticulture in the Renaissance</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4154145" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/AlexanderSamson">Alexander Samson</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Locus Amoenus: Gardens and Horticulture in the Renaissance","attachmentId":37631065,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12378863/Locus_Amoenus_Gardens_and_Horticulture_in_the_Renaissance","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12378863/Locus_Amoenus_Gardens_and_Horticulture_in_the_Renaissance"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":61696886,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":61696886,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_61696886" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Bodin and R. Hedlund (eds), Byzantine Gardens and Beyond, Uppsala 2013, 15-29.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32137695" href="https://su-se.academia.edu/HelenaBodin">Helena Bodin</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="83155786" href="https://uppsala.academia.edu/IngelaNilsson">Ingela Nilsson</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"“Nature Controlled by Artistry – The Poetics of the Literary Garden in Byzantium”, in H. Bodin and R. 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