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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principiu_de_lucru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Principiu de lucru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principiu_de_lucru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compunere_generală" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compunere_generală"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Compunere generală</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compunere_generală-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clasificarea_instalațiilor_de_răcire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clasificarea_instalațiilor_de_răcire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Clasificarea instalațiilor de răcire</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Clasificarea_instalațiilor_de_răcire-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Clasificarea instalațiilor de răcire subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Clasificarea_instalațiilor_de_răcire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Instalații_de_răcire_cu_aer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instalații_de_răcire_cu_aer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Instalații de răcire cu aer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instalații_de_răcire_cu_aer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Instalații_de_răcire_cu_lichid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instalații_de_răcire_cu_lichid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Instalații de răcire cu lichid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instalații_de_răcire_cu_lichid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Termosifon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Termosifon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Termosifon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Termosifon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Instalații_de_răcire_forțată" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instalații_de_răcire_forțată"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Instalații de răcire forțată</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instalații_de_răcire_forțată-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sistemul de răcire al motoarelor cu ardere internă</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 20 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83" title="حساس درجة حرارة سائل تبريد المحرك – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حساس درجة حرارة سائل تبريد المحرك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%81_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Система за охлаждане на двигатели с вътрешно горене – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Система за охлаждане на двигатели с вътрешно горене" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrigeraci%C3%B3_de_motors" title="Refrigeració de motors – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Refrigeració de motors" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Дагоран мотор чоьхьара шелбаран система – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Дагоран мотор чоьхьара шелбаран система" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chladic%C3%AD_syst%C3%A9m_spalovac%C3%ADho_motoru" title="Chladicí systém spalovacího motoru – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chladicí systém spalovacího motoru" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BChlung_(Verbrennungsmotor)" title="Kühlung (Verbrennungsmotor) – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kühlung (Verbrennungsmotor)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine_cooling" title="Internal combustion engine cooling – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Internal combustion engine cooling" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrigeraci%C3%B3n_en_motores_de_combusti%C3%B3n" title="Refrigeración en motores de combustión – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Refrigeración en motores de combustión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%86%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B2" title="خنک‌کاری موتور درون‌سوز – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خنک‌کاری موتور درون‌سوز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8_(%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%91)" title="מערכת קירור (רכב) – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מערכת קירור (רכב)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_pendinginan" title="Sistem pendinginan – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sistem pendinginan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impianto_di_raffreddamento" title="Impianto di raffreddamento – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impianto di raffreddamento" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EC%97%B0%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80_%EB%83%89%EA%B0%81" title="내연기관 냉각 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="내연기관 냉각" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%82" title="കൂളിങ്ങ് സിസ്റ്റം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൂളിങ്ങ് സിസ്റ്റം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_ch%C5%82odzenia_silnika_spalinowego" title="Układ chłodzenia silnika spalinowego – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Układ chłodzenia silnika spalinowego" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_arrefecimento" title="Sistema de arrefecimento – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema de arrefecimento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Система охлаждения двигателя внутреннего сгорания – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Система охлаждения двигателя внутреннего сгорания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorkylning" title="Motorkylning – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Motorkylning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Система охолодження двигуна внутрішнього згоряння – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Система охолодження двигуна внутрішнього згоряння" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E5%86%B7%E5%BC%8F%E7%99%BC%E5%8B%95%E6%A9%9F" title="液冷式發動機 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="液冷式發動機" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q929429#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Ambox_content.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol are nevoie de atenția unui <a href="/wiki/Expert" title="Expert">expert</a> în motoare cu ardere internă.</b><br /> Recrutați unul sau, dacă sunteți în măsură, <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit">ajutați</a> chiar dumneavoastră la îmbunătățirea articolului!<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16501920"><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-style ambox-style" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold; margin-left:-4px">[[wiki]]</span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune nu este în <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikizare" title="Wikipedia:Wikizare">formatul standard</a></b>.<br /> Ștergeți eticheta la încheierea standardizării.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sistemul de răcire al motorului</b> este un sistem auxiliar ce are scopul de a menține un regim de temperatură potrivit unei bune funcționări a motorului.Temperatura de 1800-2000 de grade Celsius din interiorul cilindrilor deterioreză procesul de ungere, alterează proprietățile mecanice ale pieselor conjugate putând în final să le gripeze sau să le strice. Sistemul de răcire intervine în această situație prin preluarea și transmiterea în mediu a 20-30% din căldura pieselor motorului, asigurând temperatura cea mai favorabilă adică 85-90°C. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principiu_de_lucru">Principiu de lucru</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Principiu de lucru" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Principiu de lucru"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lichidul de racire (antigel sau apa distilata, de obicei este un amestec intre cele doua) este purtat prin intreg circuitul compus din radiator, pompa apa, bloc motor (are camere in jurul cilindrilor pentru o buna racire a lor, si a uleiului la motoarele in 4 timpi), furtune de legatura, termostat. Pompa de apa, cu ajutorul unei palete puse in miscare de <a href="/wiki/Curea_de_transmisie" title="Curea de transmisie">cureaua de transmisie</a> sau motor electric, este purtata din blocul motor in radiator dupa ce termostatul a deschis in functie de motor 90, 95, 96, 110 (VW Touran) grade Celsius pentru a asigura o buna functionare a motorului. In caz ca temperatura depaseste limitele motorului cu 2-10 grade, se acumuleaza presiune in sistemul de racire si o supapa speciala situata de obicei in capacul radiatorului se ridica datorita presiuni si este expulzata apa (vapori de apa fierbinti) acesta este penultimul stadiu, dupa care urmeaza calarea motorului (ovalizarea chiulasei cilindrilor si topirea pistonului) sau griparea (se sudeaza pistonul de cilindru). Foarte important este de retinut, in caz ca apa este expulzata afara prin supapa de siguranta nu se va opri motorul deoarece este posibila griparea acestuia, se va lasa motorul la relanti sau putin mai turat si se va turna putina apa pe radiator si se va observa cum temperatura scade iar apoi se va completa cu lichid de racire. </p><p>RACIREA PE AER - cilindrul are niste santuri si niste fante special concepute pentru a capta aerul si a raci motorul; el mai are un ventilator legat printr-o curea sau direct la axul cu came (un terminal al acestuia) care mareste gradul de racire si asigura racirea atunci cand autovehiculul, scooterul sau generatorul de curent etc. sta pe loc si nu poate capta aer prin fante. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compunere_generală"><span id="Compunere_general.C4.83"></span>Compunere generală</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Compunere generală" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Compunere generală"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Componentele principale ale instalației de răcire sunt generatorul curentului de <a href="/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid">fluid</a>, care într-un caz poate fi ventilator și în altul pompa de lichid de răcire, radiatorul, termostatul și dispozitivul de control al temperaturii. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pompa_instala%C8%9Biei_de_r%C4%83cire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pompa instalației de răcire — pagină inexistentă">Pompa instalației de răcire</a> </p><p>Pompa instalației de răcire a motoarelor de <a href="/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil">automobil</a> produce și întreține circulația lichidului de răcire prin circuitele de răcire ale motorului. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ventilator_al_instala%C8%9Biei_de_r%C4%83cire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ventilator al instalației de răcire — pagină inexistentă">Ventilator al instalației de răcire</a> </p><p>Ventilatorul instalației de răcire mărește volumul de aer pentru răcirea apei din radiator sau asigură curentul de răcire al motorului prin exterior. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Termostat_al_instala%C8%9Biei_de_r%C4%83cire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termostat al instalației de răcire — pagină inexistentă">Termostat al instalației de răcire</a> </p><p>Termostatul intalației de răcire reglează automat regimul termic al motorului. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dispozitiv_de_control_al_instala%C8%9Biei_de_r%C4%83cire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dispozitiv de control al instalației de răcire — pagină inexistentă">Dispozitiv de control al instalației de răcire</a> </p><p>Dispozitivul de control al instalației de răcire a motorului are rolul de a indica funcționarea normală sau anormală a instalației de răcire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clasificarea_instalațiilor_de_răcire"><span id="Clasificarea_instala.C8.9Biilor_de_r.C4.83cire"></span>Clasificarea instalațiilor de răcire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Clasificarea instalațiilor de răcire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Clasificarea instalațiilor de răcire"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>După natura fluidului folosit, instalațiile de răcire pot fi instalații de răcire cu aer sau instalații de răcire cu lichid. Instalația cu lichid poate fi cu circulație naturală (prin termosifon) și cu circulație forțată la presiune atmosferică sau presurizată la 0,5 până la 1,1 bari peste presiunea mediului ambiant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instalații_de_răcire_cu_aer"><span id="Instala.C8.9Bii_de_r.C4.83cire_cu_aer"></span>Instalații de răcire cu aer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Instalații de răcire cu aer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Instalații de răcire cu aer"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Instalația de răcire cu aer se bazează pe curentul de aer rece care acționează asupra cilindrilor și chiulasei.Există două tipuri de răcire cu aer: fie prin expunerea deschisă la curentul de aer atmosferic care pătrunde printre aripioarelele cilindrului și chiulasei în special în timpul deplasării ca la motociclete fie prin aer sub presiune introdus între aripioarele chiulasei și ale cilindrilor de către un ventilator. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instalații_de_răcire_cu_lichid"><span id="Instala.C8.9Bii_de_r.C4.83cire_cu_lichid"></span>Instalații de răcire cu lichid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Instalații de răcire cu lichid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Instalații de răcire cu lichid"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Instalațiile de răcire cu lichid pot fi cu circulație liberă a lichidului sau cu circulație forțată a acestuia.Lichidul de răcire poate fi apa sau produsul artificial numit antigel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Termosifon"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Termosifon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termosifon — pagină inexistentă">Termosifon</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Termosifon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Termosifon"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Răcirea cu lichid cu circulație naturală nu asigură o bună răcire și consumă o mare cantitate de apă.Din acest motiv nu se mai folosește.De asemenea prezintă inconvenientul că perturbă condițiile de funcționare a motorului prin diferența mare dintre temperatura apei de intrare și a apei de ieșire din cămășile de răcire ale motorului diferență care este de 30°C. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Instalații_de_răcire_forțată"><span id="Instala.C8.9Bii_de_r.C4.83cire_for.C8.9Bat.C4.83"></span>Instalații de răcire forțată</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Instalații de răcire forțată" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemul_de_r%C4%83cire_al_motoarelor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Instalații de răcire forțată"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Instalațiile cu circulație forțată a lichidului pot fi cu circuit închis( presurizat) sau cu circuit deschis.Circulația forțată în general îmbunătățește condițiile de funcționare a motorului prin diferența mică de temperatură dintre apa care intră și apa care iese din cămășile de răcire ale motorului diferență care este de circa 10-15°C.. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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