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Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:L235" title="User:L235">‪L235‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <div class="user-block colocation-webhost" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: #ffefd5; border: 1px solid #AAA; padding: 0.7em;"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/40px-Server-multiple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/60px-Server-multiple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/80px-Server-multiple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><b>The <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a> that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a <a href="/wiki/Web_hosting_service" title="Web hosting service">web host provider</a> or <a href="/wiki/Colocation_centre" title="Colocation centre">colocation provider</a>.</b> To prevent abuse, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked</a> from editing Wikipedia. <div style="border-top: 1px solid #AAA; clear: both">You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">proxy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">VPN</a>. <p><b>We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit.</b> For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in. </p><p>If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption#Requesting_and_granting_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">request an IP block exemption</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">appeal this block</a> by adding the following text on your <a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">talk page</a>: <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Unblock" title="Template:Unblock">unblock</a>|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. <i>Place any further information here.</i> ~~~~}}</code>. <b>You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated.</b> Your IP address can be determined <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Get_my_IP_address?withJS=MediaWiki:Get-my-ip.js">here</a></b></span>. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock_Ticket_Request_System" title="Wikipedia:Unblock Ticket Request System">unblock ticket request system</a>. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.</div></div> <p><span class="sysop-show" style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="border:#707070 solid 1px;background-color:#ffe0e0;padding:2px"><b>Administrators:</b></span> The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">IP block exemption</a> user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CheckUser" title="Wikipedia:CheckUser">CheckUser</a> needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPI#Quick_CheckUser_requests" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPI">SPI Quick Checkuser Requests</a>. <b>Unblocking</b> an IP or IP range with this template <b>is highly discouraged</b> without at least contacting the blocking administrator.</span> </p> </div></div> </div> <p>This block will expire on 18:23, 24 August 2026. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even when blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit your <a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Special:MyTalk">user talk page</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">email</a> administrators and other editors. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>For information on how to proceed, please read the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block#Common_questions" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">FAQ for blocked users</a></b> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">guideline on block appeals</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">guide to appealing blocks</a> may also be helpful. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li><li class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"> <div id="mw-blocked-text" style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, ivory); color: inherit; padding: 1.5em; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 26px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stop_hand_nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/50px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/75px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/100px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><b> This IP address range has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">globally blocked</a>.</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: 18px;">This does not affect your ability to <i>read</i> Wikipedia pages.</span></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><b>Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong.</b> Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{pp-pc1}} {{pp-move-indef}} {{calendar}} {{This date in recent years}} {{Day}} ==Events== ===Pre-1600=== *[[1080]] &ndash; [[Harald III of Denmark]] dies and is succeeded by [[Canute IV of Denmark|Canute IV]], who would later be the first Dane to be [[canonization|canonized]]. *[[1349]] &ndash; The rule of the [[Bavand dynasty]] in [[Mazandaran]] is brought to an end by the murder of [[Hasan II (Bavandid ruler)|Hasan II]]. *[[1362]] &ndash; [[Kaunas Castle]] falls to the [[Teutonic Order]] after a [[Siege of Kaunas (1362)|month-long siege]]. *[[1492]] &ndash; Spain and [[Christopher Columbus]] sign the [[Capitulations of Santa Fe]] for his voyage to Asia to acquire [[spice]]s. *[[1521]] &ndash; Trial of [[Martin Luther]] over his [[Lutheranism|teachings]] begins during the assembly of the [[Diet of Worms]]. Initially intimidated, he asks for time to reflect before answering and is given a stay of one day. *[[1524]] &ndash; [[Giovanni da Verrazzano]] reaches New York harbor. ===1601–1900=== *[[1797]] &ndash; Sir [[Ralph Abercromby]] [[Battle of San Juan (1797)|attacks]] [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]], in what would be one of the largest invasions of the Spanish territories in the Americas. * 1797 &ndash; Citizens of [[Verona]] begin an unsuccessful [[Veronese Easter|eight-day rebellion]] against the [[French First Republic|French]] occupying forces. *[[1861]] &ndash; The state of [[Virginia]]'s [[Virginia in the American Civil War#Secession convention|secession convention]] votes to secede from the United States; Virginia later becomes the eighth state to join the [[Confederate States of America]]. *[[1863]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Grierson's Raid]] begins: Troops under [[Union Army]] Colonel [[Benjamin Grierson]] attack central [[Mississippi]]. *[[1864]] &ndash; American Civil War: The [[Battle of Plymouth (1864)|Battle of Plymouth]] begins: [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] forces attack [[Plymouth, North Carolina]]. *[[1869]] &ndash; [[Morelos]] is admitted as the 27th state of [[Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/un-dia-como-hoy-se-crea-el-estado-de-morelos/|title=Un día como hoy se crea el Estado de Morelos|publisher=Morelos Habla|date=April 17, 2016|language=es|trans-title=A day like today Morelos was created}}</ref> *[[1876]] &ndash; [[Catalpa rescue]]: The rescue of six Fenian prisoners from [[Fremantle Prison]] in Western Australia. *[[1895]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]] between China and Japan is signed. This marks the end of the [[First Sino-Japanese War]], and the defeated [[Qing Empire]] is forced to renounce its claims on Korea and to concede the southern portion of the [[Liaoning|Fengtian]] province, [[Taiwan]] and the [[Penghu]] to Japan. ===1901–present=== *[[1905]] &ndash; The [[Supreme Court of the United States]] decides ''[[Lochner v. New York]]'', which holds that the "[[Freedom of contract|right to free contract]]" is implicit in the [[Due process|due process clause]] of the [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]]. *[[1907]] &ndash; The [[Ellis Island]] immigration center processes 11,747 people, more than on any other day. *[[1912]] &ndash; [[Russian Empire|Russian]] troops [[Lena massacre|open fire]] on striking goldfield workers in northeast [[Siberia]], killing at least 150. *[[1931]] &ndash; After negotiations between Catalan and Spanish provisional governments, the [[Catalan Republic (1931)|Catalan Republic]] proclaimed in April 14 becomes the [[Generalitat de Catalunya]], the autonomous government of [[Catalonia]] within the [[Second Spanish Republic|Spanish Republic]].<ref>{{cite web |title=República Catalana |url=https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0054960.xml |website=enciclopèdia.cat |access-date=6 October 2019}}</ref> *[[1941]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: The Axis powers [[invasion of Yugoslavia]] is completed when it signs an armistice with Germany and Italy. *[[1942]] &ndash; French [[prisoner of war]] General [[Henri Giraud]] escapes from his castle prison in [[Königstein Fortress]]. *[[1944]] &ndash; Forces of the Communist-controlled [[Greek People's Liberation Army]] attack the smaller [[National and Social Liberation]] resistance group, which surrenders. Its leader [[Dimitrios Psarros]] is murdered. *[[1945]] &ndash; World War II: [[Montese]], Italy, is liberated from [[Nazi]] forces. * 1945 &ndash; Historian [[Tran Trong Kim]] is appointed the Prime Minister of the [[Empire of Vietnam]]. *[[1946]] &ndash; The [[Evacuation Day (Syria)|last French troops are withdrawn]] from [[Mandatory Syrian Republic|Syria]]. *[[1951]] &ndash; The [[Peak District]] becomes the United Kingdom's first [[National parks of England and Wales|National Park]]. *[[1961]] &ndash; [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]]: A group of [[Cuban exile]]s financed and trained by the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] lands at the [[Bay of Pigs]] in Cuba with the aim of ousting [[Fidel Castro]]. *[[1969]] &ndash; [[Sirhan Sirhan]] is convicted of assassinating [[Robert F. Kennedy]]. * 1969 &ndash; [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]] chairman [[Alexander Dubček]] is deposed. *[[1970]] &ndash; [[Apollo program]]: The damaged [[Apollo 13]] spacecraft returns to [[Earth]] safely. *[[1971]] &ndash; The [[Provisional Government of Bangladesh]] is formed. *[[1975]] &ndash; The [[Cambodian Civil War]] ends. The [[Khmer Rouge]] [[Fall of Phnom Penh|captures]] the capital [[Phnom Penh]] and [[Khmer National Armed Forces|Cambodian government forces]] surrender. *[[1978]] &ndash; [[Mir Akbar Khyber]] is assassinated, provoking the [[Saur Revolution]] in [[Afghanistan]].<ref name="Arnold">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cd85ioPsz6cC&pg=PA180|last=Arnold|first=Anthony|title=Afghanistan's Two-Party Communism: Parcham and Khalq|series=Histories of Ruling Communist Parties|page=180|publisher=[[Hoover Institution Press]], [[Stanford University]]|location=[[Stanford, California]]|year=1983|isbn=0-8179-7792-9|access-date=25 August 2021}}</ref> *[[1982]] &ndash; [[Constitution Act, 1982]] [[Patriation]] of the [[Canadian constitution]] in [[Ottawa]] by [[Proclamation]] of [[Elizabeth II]], [[Queen of Canada]]. *[[1986]] &ndash; An alleged state of [[Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War|war lasting 335 years]] between the [[Netherlands]] and the [[Isles of Scilly]] declared peace bringing an end to any hypothetical war that may have been legally considered to exist.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/18/world/dutch-proclaim-end-of-war-against-britain-s-scilly-isles.html |title=Dutch Proclaim End of War Against Britain's Scilly Isles |date=1986-04-18 |work=The New York Times |access-date=2022-12-05 |agency=Associated Press |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,961310,00.html |title=Britain: Peace in Our Time |magazine=Time |date=1986-04-28 |accessdate=2022-12-05 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824213556/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,961310,00.html |archivedate=24 August 2013 }} {{subscription required}}</ref> *[[1992]] &ndash; The ''[[Katina P]]'' is deliberately run aground off [[Maputo]], [[Mozambique]], and 60,000 tons of crude oil spill into the ocean.<ref>{{cite journal|date=May 1992|title=Oil disaster as tanker runs aground and sinks in Mozambique Channel|journal=Baobab News|volume=1|issue=7|location=South Dearborn, Chicago|publisher=Mozambique Solidarity Office|access-date=18 September 2012|url=http://www.historicalvoices.org/pbuilder/pbfiles/Project39/Scheme361/african_activist_archive-a0b1z2-a_12419.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301032059/http://www.historicalvoices.org/pbuilder/pbfiles/Project39/Scheme361/african_activist_archive-a0b1z2-a_12419.pdf|archive-date=1 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[1998]] &ndash; [[Space Shuttle Columbia|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'']] is launched on [[STS-90]], the final [[Spacelab]] mission.<ref name="NASA">{{Cite web |title=STS-90 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission/sts-90/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=NASA}}</ref> *[[2003]] &ndash; [[Anneli Jäätteenmäki]] takes office as the first female [[prime minister of Finland]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=17 April 2023|date=17 April 2003|language=fi|title=Pääministeri Anneli Jäätteenmäki|url=https://www.hs.fi/kotimaa/art-2000004134474.html|url-access=subscription|work=[[Helsingin Sanomat]]}}</ref> *[[2006]] &ndash; A [[Palestinians|Palestinian]] suicide bomber [[2nd Rosh Ha'ir restaurant bombing|detonates an explosive device in a Tel Aviv restaurant]], killing 11 people and injuring 70. *[[2013]] &ndash; [[West Fertilizer Company explosion|An explosion]] at a fertilizer plant in the city of [[West, Texas]], kills 15 people and injures 160 others. *[[2014]] &ndash; [[NASA]]'s [[Kepler space telescope]] confirms the discovery of [[Kepler-186f|the first Earth-size planet]] in the [[Circumstellar habitable zone|habitable zone]] of another star. *[[2021]] &ndash; The [[Death and funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]], takes place at [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]. ==Births== ===Pre-1600=== *[[1277]] &ndash; [[Michael IX Palaiologos]], Byzantine emperor (d. 1320) *[[1455]] &ndash; [[Andrea Gritti]], Doge of Venice (d. 1538)<ref name="BDI">{{DBI|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/andrea-gritti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/|title=GRITTI, Andrea|volume=59|first=Gino |last=Benzoni}}</ref> *[[1497]] &ndash; [[Pedro de Valdivia]], Spanish conquistador, conquered northern Chile (d. 1553) *[[1573]] &ndash; [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria]] (d. 1651) *[[1586]] &ndash; [[John Ford (dramatist)|John Ford]], English poet and playwright (d. 1639) *[[1598]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Battista Riccioli]], Italian priest and astronomer (d. 1671) ===1601–1900=== *[[1620]] &ndash; [[Marguerite Bourgeoys]], French-Canadian nun and saint, founded the [[Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal]] (d. 1700) *[[1635]] &ndash; [[Edward Stillingfleet]], British theologian and scholar (d. 1699) *[[1683]] &ndash; [[Johann David Heinichen]], German composer and theorist (d. 1729) *[[1710]] &ndash; [[Henry Erskine, 10th Earl of Buchan]], Scottish politician (d. 1767) *[[1734]] &ndash; [[Taksin]], King of Thailand (d. 1782) *[[1741]] &ndash; [[Samuel Chase]], American lawyer and jurist (d. 1811) *[[1750]] &ndash; [[François de Neufchâteau]], French academic and politician, [[List of Interior Ministers of France|French Minister of the Interior]] (d. 1828) *[[1756]] &ndash; [[Dheeran Chinnamalai]], Indian commander (d. 1805) *[[1766]] &ndash; [[Collin McKinney]], American surveyor, merchant, and politician (d. 1861) *[[1794]] &ndash; [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius]], German botanist and explorer (d. 1868) *[[1798]] &ndash; [[Étienne Bobillier]], French mathematician and academic (d. 1840) *[[1799]] &ndash; [[Eliza Acton]], English food writer and poet (d. 1859)<ref>{{cite book |title=An encyclopedia of British women writers |date=1998 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |location=New Brunswick, N.J. |isbn=0813525438 |page=1 |edition=Rev. and expanded}}</ref> *[[1814]] &ndash; [[Josif Pančić]], Serbian botanist and academic (d. 1888) *[[1816]] &ndash; [[Thomas Hazlehurst (chapel builder)|Thomas Hazlehurst]], English architect and philanthropist (d. 1876) *[[1820]] &ndash; [[Alexander Cartwright]], American firefighter and (disputed) inventor of [[baseball]] (d. 1892) *[[1833]] &ndash; [[Jean-Baptiste Accolay]], Belgian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1900) *[[1837]] &ndash; [[J. P. Morgan]], American banker and financier, founded [[J.P. Morgan & Co.]] (d. 1913) *[[1842]] &ndash; [[Maurice Rouvier]], French businessman and politician, 53rd [[List of Prime Ministers of France|Prime Minister of France]] (d. 1911) *[[1849]] &ndash; [[William R. Day]], American jurist and politician, 36th [[United States Secretary of State]] (d. 1923) *[[1852]] &ndash; [[Cap Anson]], American baseball player and manager (d. 1922) *[[1863]] &ndash; [[Augustus Edward Hough Love]], English mathematician and theorist (d. 1940) *[[1865]] &ndash; [[Ursula Ledóchowska]], Polish-Austrian nun and saint, founded the [[Congregation of the Ursulines of the Agonizing Heart of Jesus]] (d. 1939)<ref>{{cite book|first=Paul|last=Burns|title=Butler's Saints of the Third Millennium|location=London|publisher=Burns & Oates|year=2005|isbn=0-86012-383-9|page=131}}</ref> *[[1866]] &ndash; [[Ernest Starling]], English physiologist and academic (d. 1927) *[[1875]] &ndash; [[Aleksander Tõnisson]], Estonian general and politician, 5th [[Estonian Minister of War]] (d. 1941) *[[1877]] &ndash; [[Matsudaira Tsuneo]], Japanese diplomat (d. 1949) *[[1878]] &ndash; [[Emil Fuchs (baseball)|Emil Fuchs]], German-American lawyer and businessman (d. 1961) * 1878 &ndash; [[Demetrios Petrokokkinos]], Greek tennis player (d. 1942) *[[1879]] &ndash; [[Henri Tauzin]], French hurdler (d. 1918) *[[1882]] &ndash; [[Artur Schnabel]], Polish pianist and composer (d. 1951) *[[1888]] &ndash; [[Herms Niel]], German soldier, trombonist, and composer (d. 1954) *[[1891]] &ndash; [[George Adamski]], Polish-American ufologist and author (d. 1965) *[[1895]] &ndash; [[Robert Dean Frisbie]], American soldier and author (d. 1948) *[[1896]] &ndash; [[Señor Wences]], Spanish-American ventriloquist (d. 1999) *[[1897]] &ndash; [[Nisargadatta Maharaj]], Indian philosopher and educator (d. 1981) * 1897 &ndash; [[Thornton Wilder]], American novelist and playwright (d. 1975) * 1897 &ndash; [[Edouard Wyss-Dunant]], Swiss physician and mountaineer (d. 1983) *[[1899]] &ndash; [[Aleksander Klumberg]], Estonian decathlete and coach (d. 1958) ===1901–present=== *[[1903]] &ndash; [[Nicolas Nabokov]], Russian-American composer and educator (d. 1978) * 1903 &ndash; [[Gregor Piatigorsky]], Ukrainian-American cellist and educator (d. 1976) * 1903 &ndash; [[Morgan Taylor]], American hurdler and coach (d. 1975) *[[1905]] &ndash; [[Louis Jean Heydt]], American journalist and actor (d. 1960) * 1905 &ndash; [[Arthur Lake (actor)|Arthur Lake]], American actor (d. 1987) *[[1906]] &ndash; [[Sidney Garfield]], American physician, co-founded [[Kaiser Permanente]] (d. 1984) *[[1909]] &ndash; [[Alain Poher]], French politician, [[President of France]] (d. 1996) *[[1910]] &ndash; [[Evangelos Averoff]], Greek historian and politician, [[List of defence ministers of Greece|Greek Minister of Defence]] (d. 1990) * 1910 &ndash; [[Ivan Goff]], Australian screenwriter and producer (d. 1999) * 1910 &ndash; [[Helenio Herrera]], French footballer and manager (d. 1997) *[[1911]] &ndash; [[Hervé Bazin]], French author and poet (d. 1996) * 1911 &ndash; [[Lester Rodney]], American soldier and journalist (d. 2009) *[[1912]] &ndash; [[Marta Eggerth]], Hungarian-American actress and singer (d. 2013) *[[1914]] &ndash; [[George Davis (art director)|George Davis]], American art director (d. 1984) * 1914 &ndash; [[Mac Raboy]], American illustrator (d. 1967) *[[1915]] &ndash; [[Martin Clemens]], Scottish soldier (d. 2009) * 1915 &ndash; [[Joe Foss]], American general and politician, 20th [[Governor of South Dakota]] (d. 2003) * 1915 &ndash; [[Regina Ghazaryan]], Armenian painter (d. 1999) *[[1916]] &ndash; [[Win Maung]], 3rd [[President of Union of Myanmar]] (d. 1989) * 1916 &ndash; [[A. Thiagarajah]], Sri Lankan educator and politician (d. 1981) * 1916 &ndash; [[Sirimavo Bandaranaike]], [[Prime Minister of Sri Lanka]], world's first female prime minister (d. 2000) *[[1918]] &ndash; [[William Holden]], American actor (d. 1981) *[[1919]] &ndash; [[Gilles Lamontagne]], Canadian lieutenant and politician, 24th [[Lieutenant Governor of Quebec]] (d. 2016) * 1919 &ndash; [[Chavela Vargas]], Costa Rican-Mexican singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2012) *[[1920]] &ndash; [[Edmonde Charles-Roux]], French journalist and author (d. 2016) *[[1923]] &ndash; [[Lindsay Anderson]], English actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1994) * 1923 &ndash; [[Solly Hemus]], American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2017) * 1923 &ndash; [[Neville McNamara]], Australian air marshal (d. 2014) * 1923 &ndash; [[Gianni Raimondi]], Italian lyric tenor (d. 2008) * 1923 &ndash; [[Harry Reasoner]], American soldier and journalist (d. 1991) *[[1924]] &ndash; [[Kenneth Norman Jones]], Australian public servant (d. 2022) * 1924 &ndash; [[Donald Richie]], American-Japanese author and critic (d. 2013) *[[1925]] &ndash; [[René Moawad]], Lebanese lawyer and politician, 13th [[President of Lebanon]] (d. 1989) *[[1926]] &ndash; [[Joan Lorring]], British actress (d. 2014) * 1926 &ndash; [[Gerry McNeil]], Canadian ice hockey player and manager (d. 2004) *[[1927]] &ndash; [[Margot Honecker]], East German politician and First Lady (d. 2016) *[[1928]] &ndash; [[Victor Lownes]], American businessman (d. 2017) * 1928 &ndash; [[Cynthia Ozick]], American short story writer, novelist, and essayist * 1928 &ndash; [[Heinz Putzl]], Austrian fencer * 1928 &ndash; [[Fabien Roy]], Canadian accountant and politician (d. 2023)<ref>{{cite news |title=Décès de l'ancien député Fabien Roy |url=https://www.enbeauce.com/actualites/politique/596765/deces-de-lancien-depute-fabien-roy |trans-title=Former MP Fabien Roy has died |last=Morin |first=Sylvio |language=fr |access-date=20 April 2024 |work=En Beauce |date=1 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106112713/https://www.enbeauce.com/actualites/politique/596765/deces-de-lancien-depute-fabien-roy |url-status=live |archive-date=6 November 2023}}</ref> *[[1929]] &ndash; [[James Last]], German-American bassist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2015) *[[1930]] &ndash; [[Chris Barber]], English trombonist and bandleader (d. 2021) *[[1931]] &ndash; [[John Barrett (tennis)|John Barrett]], English tennis player and sportscaster * 1931 &ndash; [[Malcolm Browne]], American journalist and photographer (d. 2012) *[[1934]] &ndash; [[Don Kirshner]], American songwriter and producer (d. 2011) * 1934 &ndash; [[Peter Morris (surgeon)|Peter Morris]], Australian-English surgeon and academic (d. 2022) *[[1935]] &ndash; [[Bud Paxson]], American broadcaster, founded [[Home Shopping Network]] and [[Pax TV]] (d. 2015) *[[1936]] &ndash; [[Urs Wild]], Swiss chemist<ref>{{Cite web |title=ETH Zürich - Urs Wild |url=https://www.bi.id.ethz.ch/personensuche/personenDetail.view?lang=en&pid=13125 |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=www.bi.id.ethz.ch}}</ref> (d. 2022)<ref>{{cite web |title=Urs Paul Rolf Wild death notice |url=https://trauer.nzz.ch/traueranzeige/urs-paul-rolf-wild |website=rauer.nzz.ch |access-date=20 April 2024 |date=29 November 2022}}</ref> *[[1937]] &ndash; [[Ronald Hamowy]], Canadian historian and academic (d. 2012) * 1937 &ndash; [[Ferdinand Piëch]], Austrian-German engineer and businessman (d. 2019) *[[1938]] &ndash; [[Ben Barnes (Texas politician)|Ben Barnes]], American businessman and politician, 36th [[Lieutenant Governor of Texas]] * 1938 &ndash; [[Doug Lewis (politician)|Doug Lewis]], Canadian lawyer and politician, 41st [[Minister of Justice (Canada)|Canadian Minister of Justice]] * 1938 &ndash; [[Ronald H. Miller]], American theologian, author, and academic (d. 2011) * 1938 &ndash; [[Kerry Wendell Thornley]], American theorist and author (d. 1988) *[[1939]] &ndash; [[Robert Miller (art dealer)|Robert Miller]], American art dealer (d. 2011) *[[1940]] &ndash; [[Eric Dancer]], English businessman and politician, [[Lord Lieutenant of Devon]] * 1940 &ndash; [[Billy Fury]], English singer-songwriter (d. 1983) * 1940 &ndash; [[John McCririck]], English journalist (d. 2019) * 1940 &ndash; [[Chuck Menville]], American animator and screenwriter (d. 1992) * 1940 &ndash; [[Anja Silja]], German soprano and actress * 1940 &ndash; [[Agostino Vallini]], Italian cardinal and [[Vicar General of Rome|vicar general of Rome]] *[[1941]] &ndash; [[Lagle Parek]], Estonian architect and politician, [[Minister of the Interior (Estonia)|Estonian Minister of the Interior]] *[[1942]] &ndash; [[Buster Williams]], American jazz bassist * 1942 &ndash; [[Dnyaneshwar Agashe]], Indian businessman and cricketer (d. 2009)<ref>*{{cite book|last1=Agashe|first1=Trupti|last2=Agashe|first2=Gopal|editor1-last=Wad|editor1-first=Mugdha|title=Agashe Kulvrutant|trans-title= The [[Agashe]] Family Genealogy|chapter=Mangdari Gharana|chapter-url=http://chitpavanagashepariwar.org.in/all_in_a_gharane2_06.php|trans-chapter=The House of Mangdari|date=2006|publisher=Surbhi Graphics|location=[[Hyderabad]]|edition=2nd|url=http://chitpavanagashepariwar.org.in|language=mr|isbn=978-1-5323-4500-5|pages=62}}</ref> *[[1943]] &ndash; [[Richard Allen Epstein]], American lawyer, author, and academic *[[1946]] &ndash; [[Clare Francis]], English sailor and author *[[1947]] &ndash; [[Nigel Emslie, Lord Emslie]], Scottish lawyer and judge * 1947 &ndash; [[Richard Field (judge)|Richard Field]], English lawyer and judge * 1947 &ndash; [[Sherrie Levine]], American photographer * 1947 &ndash; [[Tsutomu Wakamatsu]], Japanese baseball player, coach, and manager *[[1948]] &ndash; [[Jan Hammer]], Czech pianist, composer, and producer * 1948 &ndash; [[Alice Harden]], American educator and politician (d. 2012) * 1948 &ndash; [[Pekka Vasala]], Finnish runner *[[1951]] &ndash; [[Olivia Hussey]], Argentinian-English actress * 1951 &ndash; [[Börje Salming]], Swedish ice hockey player and businessman (d. 2022) *[[1952]] &ndash; [[Joe Alaskey]], American voice actor (d. 2016) * 1952 &ndash; [[Pierre Guité]], Canadian ice hockey player * 1952 &ndash; [[John McColl (British Army officer)|John McColl]], English general and politician, [[Lieutenant Governor of Jersey]] * 1952 &ndash; [[Željko Ražnatović]], Serbian commander "Arkan" (d. 2000) * 1952 &ndash; [[John Robertson (Glasgow politician)|John Robertson]], Scottish businessman and politician *[[1954]] &ndash; [[Riccardo Patrese]], Italian race car driver * 1954 &ndash; [[Roddy Piper]], Canadian professional wrestler and actor (d. 2015) * 1954 &ndash; [[Michael Sembello]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist *[[1955]] &ndash; [[Todd Lickliter]], American basketball player and coach * 1955 &ndash; [[Pete Shelley]], English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018) * 1955 &ndash; [[Mike Stroud (physician)|Mike Stroud]], English physician and explorer *[[1956]] &ndash; [[Colin Tyre, Lord Tyre]], Scottish lawyer and judge *[[1957]] &ndash; [[Teri Austin]], Canadian actress * 1957 &ndash; [[Afrika Bambaataa]], American disc jockey * 1957 &ndash; [[Dwane Casey]], American basketball coach<ref>{{cite web |title=Dwane Casey |url=http://www.espn.com/nba/coaches/_/id/6726 |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=5 April 2023}}</ref> * 1957 &ndash; [[Nick Hornby]], English novelist, essayist, lyricist, and screenwriter * 1957 &ndash; [[Julia Macur]], English lawyer and judge * 1957 &ndash; [[Frank McDonough]], British historian *[[1958]] &ndash; [[Laslo Babits]], Canadian javelin thrower (d. 2013) *[[1959]] &ndash; [[Sean Bean]], English actor * 1959 &ndash; [[Jimmy Mann (ice hockey)|Jimmy Mann]], Canadian ice hockey player * 1959 &ndash; [[Li Meisu]], Chinese shot putter *[[1960]] &ndash; [[Vladimir Polyakov (pole vaulter)|Vladimir Polyakov]], Russian pole vaulter * 1961 &ndash; [[Norman Cowans]], Jamaican-English cricketer * 1961 &ndash; [[Boomer Esiason]], American football player and sportscaster * 1961 &ndash; [[Bella Freud]], English fashion designer *[[1962]] &ndash; [[Paul Nicholls (horse racing)|Paul Nicholls]], English jockey and trainer *[[1964]] &ndash; [[Ken Daneyko]], Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster * 1964 &ndash; [[Maynard James Keenan]], American singer-songwriter and producer * 1964 &ndash; [[Rachel Notley]], Canadian politician * 1964 &ndash; [[Lela Rochon]], American actress *[[1966]] &ndash; [[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]], Indian actor and singer *[[1967]] &ndash; [[Henry Ian Cusick]], Peruvian-Scottish actor<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elcomercioperu.com.pe/EdicionImpresa/Html/2007-04-08/ImEcLuces0704015.html|title=Peruano encontrado en 'Lost'|access-date=14 April 2008|date=8 April 2007|publisher=[[El Comercio (Peru)|El Comercio]]|language=es|author=Patrick Espejo|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329155738/http://www.elcomercioperu.com.pe/EdicionImpresa/Html/2007-04-08/ImEcLuces0704015.html|archive-date=29 March 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> * 1967 &ndash; [[Kimberly Elise]], American actress * 1967 &ndash; [[Marquis Grissom]], American baseball player and coach * 1967 &ndash; [[Ian Jones (rugby union, born 1967)|Ian Jones]], New Zealand rugby player * 1967 &ndash; [[Barnaby Joyce]], Australian politician, 17th [[Deputy Prime Minister of Australia]] * 1967 &ndash; [[Liz Phair]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist *[[1968]] &ndash; [[Julie Fagerholt]], Danish fashion designer * 1968 &ndash; [[Phil Henderson (basketball)|Phil Henderson]], American basketball player and coach (d. 2013) * 1968 &ndash; [[Eric Lamaze]], Canadian jockey * 1968 &ndash; [[Roger Twose]], New Zealand cricketer * 1968 &ndash; [[Richie Woodhall]], English boxer and trainer *[[1970]] &ndash; [[Redman (rapper)|Redman]], American rapper, producer, and actor *[[1971]] &ndash; [[Claire Sweeney]], English actress *[[1972]] &ndash; [[Gary Bennett (baseball)|Gary Bennett]], American baseball player * 1972 &ndash; [[Tony Boselli]], American football player and sportscaster * 1972 &ndash; [[Jennifer Garner]], American actress * 1972 &ndash; [[Muttiah Muralitharan]], Sri Lankan cricketer * 1972 &ndash; [[Yuichi Nishimura]], Japanese footballer and referee * 1972 &ndash; [[Terran Sandwith]], Canadian ice hockey player *[[1973]] &ndash; [[Katrin Koov]], Estonian architect * 1973 &ndash; [[Brett Maher (basketball)|Brett Maher]], Australian basketball player and sportscaster * 1973 &ndash; [[Theo Ratliff]], American basketball player *[[1974]] &ndash; [[Mikael Åkerfeldt]], Swedish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer * 1974 &ndash; [[Victoria Beckham]], English singer and fashion designer<ref>{{cite web |title=Victoria Beckham {{!}} Biography & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Victoria-Beckham |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=24 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref> *[[1975]] &ndash; [[Heidi Alexander]], English politician * 1975 &ndash; [[Travis Roy]], American ice hockey player (d. 2020) *[[1976]] &ndash; [[Maurice Wignall]], Jamaican hurdler and long jumper *[[1977]] &ndash; [[Chad Hedrick]], American speed skater * 1977 &ndash; [[Frederik Magle]], Danish composer, organist, and pianist *[[1978]] &ndash; [[Monika Bergmann-Schmuderer]], German skier * 1978 &ndash; [[Lindsay Hartley]], American actress * 1978 &ndash; [[Jason White (rugby union)|Jason White]], Scottish rugby player *[[1979]] &ndash; [[Eric Brewer (ice hockey)|Eric Brewer]], Canadian ice hockey player * 1979 &ndash; [[Marija Šestak]], Serbian-Slovenian triple jumper *[[1980]] &ndash; [[Fabián Vargas]], Colombian footballer * 1980 &ndash; [[Curtis Woodhouse]], English footballer, boxer, and manager *[[1981]] &ndash; [[Jenny Meadows]], English runner * 1981 &ndash; [[Hanna Pakarinen]], Finnish singer-songwriter * 1981 &ndash; [[Ryan Raburn]], American baseball player * 1981 &ndash; [[Chris Thompson (athlete)|Chris Thompson]], English runner * 1981 &ndash; [[Zhang Yaokun]], Chinese footballer *[[1982]] &ndash; [[Brad Boyes]], Canadian ice hockey player * 1982 &ndash; [[Chuck Kobasew]], Canadian ice hockey player * 1982 &ndash; [[Tyron Woodley]], American mixed martial artist<ref>{{cite web |title=Tyron Woodley |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/fighter/_/id/2501926/tyron-woodley |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=5 April 2023}}</ref> *[[1983]] &ndash; [[Stanislav Chistov]], Russian ice hockey player * 1983 &ndash; [[Roberto Jiménez (footballer, born 1983)|Roberto Jiménez]], Peruvian footballer * 1983 &ndash; [[Andrea Marcato]], Italian rugby player *[[1984]] &ndash; [[Pablo Sebastián Álvarez]], Argentinian footballer * 1984 &ndash; [[Jed Lowrie]], American baseball player * 1984 &ndash; [[Raffaele Palladino]], Italian footballer *[[1985]] &ndash; [[Rooney Mara]], American actress * 1985 &ndash; [[Luke Mitchell]], Australian actor and model * 1985 &ndash; [[Jo-Wilfried Tsonga]], French tennis player *[[1986]] &ndash; [[Romain Grosjean]], French race car driver *[[1988]] &ndash; [[Takahiro Moriuchi]], Japanese singer-songwriter *[[1989]] &ndash; [[Paraskevi Papachristou]], Greek triple jumper * 1989 &ndash; [[Avi Kaplan]], singer and songwriter *[[1990]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Brown (Welsh footballer)|Jonathan Brown]], Welsh footballer *[[1992]] &ndash; [[Lachlan Maranta]], Australian rugby league footballer *1992 &ndash; [[Jinho|Jo Jinho]], South Korean singer<ref>{{Cite web |last=LostInTheDream |date=2020-04-06 |title=Jinho (Pentagon) Profile, Facts, and Ideal Type (Updated!) |url=https://kprofiles.com/jinho-pentagon-profile-facts-ideal-type/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Kpop Profiles |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[1994]] &ndash; [[Alanna Goldie]], Canadian fencer<ref>{{cite web |title=Alanna Goldie |url=https://olympic.ca/team-canada/alanna-goldie/ |website=Team Canada - Official Olympic Team Website |access-date=9 January 2020 |language=en |date=25 October 2011}}</ref> *1994 &ndash; [[Hongseok|Yang Hongseok]], South Korean singer and actor<ref>{{Cite web |last=LostInTheDream |date=2020-04-10 |title=Hongseok (Pentagon) Profile, Facts, and Ideal Type (Updated!) |url=https://kprofiles.com/hongseok-pentagon-profile-facts-ideal-type/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Kpop Profiles |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[1995]] &ndash; [[Wheein|Jung Wheein]], South Korean singer<ref>{{Cite web |last=astreria |date=2018-06-10 |title=Wheein Profile and Facts (Updated!) |url=https://kprofiles.com/wheein-profile-facts/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Kpop Profiles |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[1996]] &ndash; [[Lorna Fitzgerald]], British actress * 1996 &ndash; [[Caitlin Parker]], Australian boxer<ref>{{cite web |title=Boxing {{!}} Athlete Profile: Caitlin PARKER - Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games |url=https://results.gc2018.com/en/boxing/athlete-profile-n6031123-caitlin-parker.htm |website=results.gc2018.com |access-date=27 October 2020}}</ref> * 1996 &ndash; [[Helene Spilling]], Norwegian dancer<ref>{{Cite web |last=Myhren |first=Anders |date=2023-10-02 |title=– Det var ikke en bra dialog med ham. Jeg ble deprimert |url=https://www.klikk.no/underholdning/helene-spilling-det-var-ikke-en-bra-dialog-med-ham-jeg-ble-deprimert-7253327 |access-date=2024-04-16 |website=www.klikk.no |language=no}}</ref> *[[1998]] &ndash; [[Suppapong Udomkaewkanjana]] (Saint), Thai actor and singer<ref>{{cite web|title=Suppapong Udomkaewkanjana|url=https://www.viki.com/celebrities/23278pr-saint-suppapong-udomkaewkanjana?locale=es|website=viki.com|access-date=20 April 2020}}</ref> *[[2001]] &ndash; [[Ryujin (rapper)|Shin Ryujin]], South Korean rapper, singer and dancer<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ailin |first=Min |date=2019-05-16 |title=RYUJIN (ITZY) Profile (Updated!) |url=https://kprofiles.com/ryujin-itzy-profile/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Kpop Profiles |language=en-US}}</ref>  ==Deaths== ===Pre-1600=== * [[485]] &ndash; [[Proclus]], Greek mathematician and philosopher (b. 412) * [[617]] &ndash; [[Donnán of Eigg]], Irish priest and saint * [[648]] &ndash; [[Empress Xiao (Sui dynasty)|Xiao]], empress of the [[Sui dynasty]] * [[744]] &ndash; [[Al-Walid II]], [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad]] caliph (b. 706) * [[818]] &ndash; [[Bernard of Italy]], Frankish king (b. 797) * [[858]] &ndash; [[Pope Benedict III|Benedict III]], pope of the [[Catholic Church]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Benedict III {{!}} pope |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-III |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=7 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> *[[1071]] &ndash; [[Manuel Komnenos (kouropalates)|Manuel Komnenos]], Byzantine military commander (b. c. 1045) *[[1080]] &ndash; [[Harald III of Denmark]] (b. 1041) *[[1111]] &ndash; [[Robert of Molesme]], Christian saint and abbot (b. 1027) *[[1298]] &ndash; [[Árni Þorláksson]], Icelandic bishop (b. 1237) *[[1321]] &ndash; [[Blanche of Portugal (1259–1321)|Infanta Branca of Portugal]], daughter of King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] (b. 1259) *[[1331]] &ndash; [[Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford]], English nobleman (b. 1257) *[[1344]] &ndash; [[Constantine II, King of Armenia]] *[[1355]] &ndash; [[Marin Falier]], [[Doge of Venice]] (b. 1285) *[[1427]] &ndash; [[John IV, Duke of Brabant]] (b. 1403) *[[1539]] &ndash; [[George, Duke of Saxony]] (b. 1471) *[[1574]] &ndash; [[Joachim Camerarius]], German scholar and translator (b. 1500) ===1601–1900=== *[[1669]] &ndash; [[Antonio Bertali]], Italian violinist and composer (b. 1605) *[[1680]] &ndash; [[Kateri Tekakwitha]], [[Mohawk people|Mohawk]]-born [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] saint (b. 1656) *[[1695]] &ndash; [[Juana Inés de la Cruz]], Mexican poet and scholar (b. 1651)<ref>{{cite web |title= Juana Inés de la Cruz|date=13 April 2024 |publisher=britannica.com |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sor-Juana-Ines-de-la-Cruz}}</ref> *[[1696]] &ndash; [[Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné]], French author (b. 1626)<ref>{{cite book|first=Arthur Augustus|last=Tilley|title=Madame de Sévigné: Some Aspects of Her Life and Character|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2016|page=154|isbn=978-1-31662-004-5}}</ref> *[[1711]] &ndash; [[Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor]] (b. 1678) *[[1713]] &ndash; [[David Hollatz (dogmatician)|David Hollatz]], Polish pastor and theologian (b. 1648) *[[1764]] &ndash; [[Johann Mattheson]], German lexicographer and composer (b. 1681) *[[1790]] &ndash; [[Benjamin Franklin]], American inventor, publisher, and politician, 6th [[List of Governors of Pennsylvania|President of Pennsylvania]] (b. 1706) *[[1799]] &ndash; [[Richard Jupp]], English surveyor and architect (b. 1728) *[[1840]] &ndash; [[Hannah Webster Foster]], American journalist and author (b. 1758) *[[1843]] &ndash; [[Samuel Morey]], American engineer (b. 1762) *[[1882]] &ndash; [[George Jennings]], English engineer and plumber, invented the [[flush toilet]] (b. 1810) *[[1888]] &ndash; [[E. G. Squier]], American archaeologist and journalist (b. 1821) *[[1892]] &ndash; [[Alexander Mackenzie (politician)|Alexander Mackenzie]], Scottish-Canadian politician, 2nd [[Prime Minister of Canada]] (b. 1822)<ref>{{cite web |title=Alexander Mackenzie: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland |url=https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/mac/alexandermackenzie.html |website=www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk |access-date=24 November 2020}}</ref> ===1901–present=== *[[1919]] &ndash; [[Svetozar Ćorović]], Serbian novelist (b. 1875)<ref name="serbianforum.org/knjizevnost">[http://serbianforum.org/knjizevnost/200401-svetozar-corovic.html/ Svetozar Corovic (in Serbian)]. Serbian Forum. Retrieved on 2 August 2014.</ref> *[[1921]] &ndash; [[Manwel Dimech]], Maltese journalist, author, and philosopher (b. 1860) *[[1923]] &ndash; [[Laurence Ginnell]], Irish lawyer and politician (b. 1852) *[[1930]] &ndash; [[Aleksandr Golovin (artist)|Alexander Golovin]], Russian painter and stage designer (b. 1863) *[[1933]] &ndash; [[Kote Marjanishvili]], Georgian director and playwright (b. 1872) *[[1936]] &ndash; [[Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck]], Dutch lawyer and politician, 28th [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] (b. 1873) *[[1942]] &ndash; [[Jean Baptiste Perrin]], French-American physicist and chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1870) *[[1944]] &ndash; [[J. T. Hearne]], English cricketer and coach (b. 1867) * 1944 &ndash; [[Dimitrios Psarros]], Greek lieutenant, founded the [[National and Social Liberation]] (b. 1893) *[[1946]] &ndash; [[Juan Bautista Sacasa]], Nicaraguan medical doctor, politician and 20th [[President of Nicaragua]] (b. 1874) *[[1948]] &ndash; [[Kantarō Suzuki]], Japanese admiral and politician, 42nd [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (b. 1868) *[[1954]] &ndash; [[Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu]], Romanian lawyer and politician, [[Ministry of Justice (Romania)|Romanian Minister of Justice]] (b. 1900) *[[1960]] &ndash; [[Eddie Cochran]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1938) * [[1961]] &ndash; [[Elda Emma Anderson|Elda Anderson]], American physicist and health researcher (b. 1899) *[[1967]] &ndash; [[Red Allen]], American singer and trumpet player (b. 1908) *[[1975]] &ndash; [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]], Indian philosopher and politician, 2nd [[President of India]] (b. 1888) *[[1976]] &ndash; [[Henrik Dam]], Danish biochemist and physiologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1895) *[[1977]] &ndash; [[William Conway (cardinal)|William Conway]], Irish cardinal (b. 1913) *[[1983]] &ndash; [[Felix Pappalardi]], American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (b. 1939) *[[1984]] &ndash; [[Claude Provost]], Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1933) *[[1986]] &ndash; [[Marcel Dassault]], French businessman, founded [[Dassault Aviation]] (b. 1892)<ref>{{cite web|title=Warplane Builder Dassault Dies in Paris at Age of 94|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-19-mn-519-story.html|work=Los Angeles Times|date=19 April 1986 }}</ref> *[[1987]] &ndash; [[Cecil Harmsworth King]], English publisher (b. 1901) * 1987 &ndash; [[Dick Shawn]], American actor (b. 1923) *[[1988]] &ndash; [[Louise Nevelson]], Ukrainian-American sculptor and educator (b. 1900) *[[1990]] &ndash; [[Ralph Abernathy]], American minister and activist (b. 1936) *[[1993]] &ndash; [[Turgut Özal]], Turkish engineer and politician, 8th [[president of Turkey]] (b. 1927) * 1993 &ndash; [[Gamal Hamdan]], Egyptian scholar and geographer (b. 1928)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Gamal Hemdan |url=https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/98648/Dr.-Gamal-Hemdan--(1928-1993)?lang=en-us |publisher=State Information Service (SIS)}}</ref> *[[1994]] &ndash; [[Roger Wolcott Sperry]], American psychologist and biologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1913) *[[1995]] &ndash; [[Frank E. Resnik]], American sergeant and businessman (b. 1928) *[[1996]] &ndash; [[Piet Hein (scientist)|Piet Hein]], Danish poet and mathematician (b. 1905) *[[1997]] &ndash; [[Chaim Herzog]], Israeli general, lawyer, and politician, 6th [[President of Israel]] (b. 1918) *[[1998]] &ndash; [[Linda McCartney]], American photographer, activist, and musician (b. 1941) *[[2003]] &ndash; [[Robert Atkins (nutritionist)|Robert Atkins]], American physician and cardiologist, created the [[Atkins diet]] (b. 1930) * 2003 &ndash; [[H. B. Bailey]], American race car driver (b. 1936) * 2003 &ndash; [[John Paul Getty, Jr.]], American-English philanthropist (b. 1932) * 2003 &ndash; [[Earl King]], American blues singer, guitarist and songwriter (b. 1934) * 2003 &ndash; [[Yiannis Latsis]], Greek businessman (b. 1910) *[[2004]] &ndash; [[Edmond Pidoux]], Swiss author and poet (b. 1908) *[[2006]] &ndash; [[Jean Bernard (physician)|Jean Bernard]], French physician and haematologist (b. 1907) * 2006 &ndash; [[Scott Brazil]], American director and producer (b. 1955) * 2006 &ndash; [[Henderson Forsythe]], American actor (b. 1917) *[[2007]] &ndash; [[Kitty Carlisle]], American actress, singer, socialite and game show panelist (b. 1910) *[[2008]] &ndash; [[Aimé Césaire]], Caribbean-French poet and politician (b. 1913) * 2008 &ndash; [[Danny Federici]], American organist and accordion player (b. 1950) *[[2011]] &ndash; [[Eric Gross]], Austrian-Australian pianist and composer (b. 1926) * 2011 &ndash; [[Michael Sarrazin]], Canadian actor (b. 1940) * 2011 &ndash; [[Robert Vickrey]], American artist and author (b. 1926) *[[2012]] &ndash; [[Leila Berg]], English journalist and author (b. 1917) * 2012 &ndash; [[J. Quinn Brisben]], American educator and politician (b. 1934) * 2012 &ndash; [[Dimitris Mitropanos]], Greek singer (b. 1948) * 2012 &ndash; [[Nityananda Mohapatra]], Indian journalist, poet, and politician (b. 1912) * 2012 &ndash; [[Jonathan V. Plaut]], American rabbi and author (b. 1942) * 2012 &ndash; [[Stanley Rogers Resor]], American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 9th [[United States Secretary of the Army]] (b. 1917) *[[2013]] &ndash; [[Carlos Graça]], São Toméan politician, [[Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe]] (b. 1931) * 2013 &ndash; [[Bi Kidude]], [[Tanzania]]n [[Taarab]] singer (b. ≈1910)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari/2013/04/130417_kidude_aaga.shtml|title=Mwimbaji Bi Kidude aaga Dunia Zanzibar|website=BBC Swahili|date=17 April 2013|language=sw|access-date=2018-02-23}}</ref> * 2013 &ndash; [[Yngve Moe]], Norwegian bass player and songwriter (b. 1957) * 2013 &ndash; [[V. S. Ramadevi]], Indian politician, 13th [[Governor of Karnataka]] (b. 1934) *[[2014]] &ndash; [[Gabriel García Márquez]], Colombian journalist and author, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1927) * 2014 &ndash; [[Bernat Klein]], Serbian-Scottish fashion designer and painter (b. 1922) * 2014 &ndash; [[Wojciech Leśnikowski]], Polish–American architect and academic (b. 1938) * 2014 &ndash; [[Karpal Singh]], Malaysian lawyer and politician (b. 1940) *[[2015]] &ndash; [[Robert P. Griffin]], American soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1923) * 2015 &ndash; [[Scotty Probasco]], American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1928) * 2015 &ndash; [[Jeremiah J. Rodell]], American general (b. 1921) * 2015 &ndash; [[A. Alfred Taubman]], American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1924) *[[2016]] &ndash; [[Chyna]], American wrestler (b. 1969)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/chyna-s-death-was-accidental-overdose-medication-manager-n563816|title=Chyna's Death Was From Accidental Overdose of Medication: Manager|last1=Helsel|first1=Phil|last2=Rudansky|first2=Andrew|date=April 27, 2016|work=[[NBC News]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170416233327/http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/chyna-s-death-was-accidental-overdose-medication-manager-n563816|archive-date=April 16, 2017|access-date=April 16, 2017}}</ref> * 2016 &ndash; [[Doris Roberts]], American actress (b. 1925)<ref>{{cite web |title=Doris Roberts |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/14436959.doris-roberts/ |website=HeraldScotland |date=19 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> *[[2018]] &ndash; [[Barbara Bush]], American political matriarch and literacy advocate, [[First Lady of the United States]] (1989–1993), and [[Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States|Second Lady of the United States]] (1981–1989) (b. 1925)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/17/200470972/former-first-lady-barbara-bush-dies-at-92|title=Former First Lady Barbara Bush Dies At 92|work=NPR.org|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en}}</ref> * 2018 &ndash; [[Carl Kasell]], American radio personality (b. 1934)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2018/04/17/528656453/npr-newscaster-carl-kasell-dies-at-84-after-a-lifelong-career-on-air|title=NPR Newscaster Carl Kasell Dies At 84, After A Lifelong Career On-Air|work=NPR.org|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en}}</ref> *[[2019]] &ndash; [[Alan García]], Peruvian lawyer and politician, 61st and 64th [[President of Peru]] (b. 1949)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/17/world/americas/alan-garcia-dead-peru.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/17/world/americas/alan-garcia-dead-peru.html |archive-date=2022-01-01 |url-access=limited|title=Ex-President Alan García of Peru Is Dead After Shooting Himself During Arrest|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=17 April 2019|access-date=17 April 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> *[[2022]] &ndash; [[Radu Lupu]], Romanian pianist (b. 1945)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-25 |title=Radu Lupu obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2022/apr/25/radu-lupu-obituary |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref>  ==Holidays and observances== *Christian [[Calendar of saints|feast day]]: **[[Donnán of Eigg]]<ref name="Martyrology">{{cite book |title=Martirologio Romano |date=2004 |publisher=Libreria Editrice Vaticana |pages=242–244 |url=https://vidaeremitica.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/MARTIROLOGIO-ROMANO.pdf |access-date=2 April 2024|ref={{harvid|Martirologio|2004}}}}</ref> **[[Henry Heath (martyr)|Henry Heath]]<ref name="Martyrology" /> **[[Kateri Tekakwitha]] ([[Canada]])<ref name="Martyrology" /> **[[Robert of Molesme]]<ref name="Martyrology" /> **[[Shemon bar Sabbae]]<ref name="Martyrology" /> **[[April 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)]] *[[Evacuation Day (Syria)]], celebrates the recognition of the independence of Syria from France in 1946. *[[FAO Day]] ([[Iraq]]) *[[Flag Day (American Samoa)]] *[[Malbec World Day]] *[[Public holidays in Gabon|Women's Day]] ([[Gabon]]) *[[World Hemophilia Day]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{commons}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/17 BBC: On This Day] * {{NYT On this day|month=4|day=17}} * [https://www.onthisday.com/events/april/17 Historical Events on April 17] {{months}} [[Category:Days of the year]] [[Category:April]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span 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