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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Jamal S. M. Sabir</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Jamal S. M. Sabir"> <meta name="keywords" content="Jamal S. M. Sabir"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Jamal S. 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Sabir" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Jamal S. M. Sabir"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 141</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Jamal S. M. Sabir</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Amelioration of Salinity Stress in Spinach (Spinace oleracae) by Exogenous Application of Triacontanol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameer%20Khan">Ameer Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iffat%20Jamal"> Iffat Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ambreen%20Azam"> Ambreen Azam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An experiment was conducted in the Department of Botany, University of Sargodha to observe the amelioration of salinity stress in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) by exogenous application of Triacontanol. Two spinach cultivars (Spinacea oleracea and Rumax dentatus) were obtained from the Agriculture Research institute, Faisalabad. This experiment was conducted in pots. Each pot was filled with 9kg mixture of (sand + soil). Different salinity levels (0mM, 60mM, and 120mM) were created with NaCl according to the saturation percentage of soil after two weeks of seed germination. After the two weeks of salinity treatment, different levels of Triacontanol (0µM, 10µM, 20µM) were applied as foliar spray. Triacontanol was applied along with Tween 80 as surfactant. After the two weeks of Triacontanol application different growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were collected from the experimental study. Both treatments of Triacontanol (10µM, 20µM) were effective to ameliorate the effect of salinity, but 20µM Triacontanol was more effective to increase the shoot length, shoot, root fresh and dry weight. Chlorophyll contents were (chl a, chl b, total chl). Different biochemical parameters were also collected from experimental study. Saline growth medium increased the accumulation of protein and decreased the total free amino acids, and total soluble sugar under salt stress. Application of Triacontanol increased the protein contents. Overall, Application of triacontanol mitigated the effect of salinity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity" title="salinity">salinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triacontanol" title=" triacontanol"> triacontanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinach" title=" spinach"> spinach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemical" title=" biochemical"> biochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological" title=" physiological"> physiological</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37065/amelioration-of-salinity-stress-in-spinach-spinace-oleracae-by-exogenous-application-of-triacontanol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Recycled Use of Solid Wastes in Building Material: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oriyomi%20M.%20Okeyinka">Oriyomi M. Okeyinka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20A.%20Oloke"> David A. Oloke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20M.%20Khatib"> Jamal M. Khatib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Large quantities of solid wastes being generated worldwide from sources such as household, domestic, industrial, commercial and construction demolition activities, leads to environmental concerns. Utilization of these wastes in making building construction materials can reduce the magnitude of the associated problems. When these waste products are used in place of other conventional materials, natural resources and energy are preserved and expensive and/or potentially harmful waste disposal is avoided. Recycling which is regarded as the third most preferred waste disposal option, with its numerous environmental benefits, stand as a viable option to offset the environmental impact associated with the construction industry. This paper reviews the results of laboratory tests and important research findings, and the potential of using these wastes in building construction materials with focus on sustainable development. Research gaps, which includes; the need to develop standard mix design for solid waste based building materials; the need to develop energy efficient method of processing solid waste use in concrete; the need to study the actual behavior or performance of such building materials in practical application and the limited real life application of such building materials have also been identified. Therefore a research is being proposed to develop an environmentally friendly, lightweight building block from recycled waste paper, without the use of cement, and with properties suitable for use as walling unit. This proposed research intends to incorporate, laboratory experimentation and modeling to address the identified research gaps. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title="recycling">recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20wastes" title=" solid wastes"> solid wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20materials" title=" building materials"> building materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12957/recycled-use-of-solid-wastes-in-building-material-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Prognosis of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) Based on Baseline Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) Results in Omani Adult Patients Diagnosed with ILD In Sultan Qaboos University Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Al%20Bahri">Manal Al Bahri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Al%20Mubahisi"> Saif Al Mubahisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamsa%20Al%20Shahaimi"> Shamsa Al Shahaimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Al%20Qasabi"> Asma Al Qasabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Al%20Aghbari"> Jamal Al Aghbari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: ILD is a common disease worldwide and in Oman. No previous Omani study was published regarding ILD prognosis based on baseline PFT results and other factors. This study aims to determine the severity of ILD by the baseline PFT, correlate between baseline PFT and outcome, and study other factors that influence disease mortality. Method: It is a retrospective cohort study; data was collected from January 2011 to December 2021 from electronic patient records (EPR). Means, Standard Deviations, frequencies, and Chi-square tests were used to examine the different variables in the study. Results: The total population of the study was 146 patients; 87 (59.6%) were females, and 59 (40.4%) were males. The median age was 59 years. Age at diagnosis, CVA, rheumatological disease, and baseline FVC were found to be statistically significant predictors of mortality .59.6% of the patients are diagnosed with IPF. Most of our study patients had mild disease based on baseline FVC. Death was higher with the more severe disease based on FVC. In mild disease (FVC >70%), 26.9% of the patients died. In moderate disease (FVC 50-69%),55.7% of the patients died, and in the severe group (FVC <50 %), 55.1% died. This was statistically significant with a P value of 0. 001. There is no statistically significant difference in the overall survival distribution between the different groups of DLCO. Conclusion: In our study, we found that ILD is more common among females, but death is more common among males. Based on baseline PFT, we can predict mortality by FVC level, as moderate to severe limitation is associated with a lower survival rate. DLCO was not a statistically significant parameter associated with mortality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PFT" title="PFT">PFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ILD" title=" ILD"> ILD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FVC" title=" FVC"> FVC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DLCO" title=" DLCO"> DLCO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortality" title=" mortality"> mortality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187425/prognosis-of-interstitial-lung-disease-ild-based-on-baseline-pulmonary-function-test-pft-results-in-omani-adult-patients-diagnosed-with-ild-in-sultan-qaboos-university-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Functionality of Promotional and Advertising Texts: Pragmatic Implications for English-Arabic Translation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Gaber%20Abdalla">Jamal Gaber Abdalla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In business promotion and advertising, language is used intentionally to create a powerful influence over people and their behavior. In commercial and marketing activities, the choice of language to convey specific messages with the intention of influencing people is pragmatically important. Design and visual content in promotional and advertising texts also have a great persuasive impact on consumers. It is the functional combination of design, language and visual content that helps people to identify a product or service and remember it. Translating promotional and advertising texts between structurally and culturally different languages, such as English and Arabic, usually involves pragmatic/functional shifts that decide the quality of translation. This study explores some of these shifts in translating promotional and advertising texts between English and Arabic and their implications for translation quality. The study is based on a contrastive analysis of data collected from real samples of English-Arabic translations of promotional and advertising texts. The samples cover different promotional and advertising text types and different business domains. The aim is to identify the most recurrent translation shifts and most used translation approaches/strategies that achieve quality in view of the functional nature of promotional and advertising texts and target language culture conventions. The study shows that linguistic shifts and visual shifts are recurrent in English-Arabic translations of promotional and advertising texts. The study also shows that the most commonly used translation approaches/strategies are functional translation, domestication, communicative translation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertising" title="advertising">advertising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic" title=" Arabic"> Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English" title=" English"> English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20translation" title=" functional translation"> functional translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=promotion" title=" promotion"> promotion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58298/functionality-of-promotional-and-advertising-texts-pragmatic-implications-for-english-arabic-translation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> A Comprehensive Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Sustainable Building</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yazan%20Al-Kofahi">Yazan Al-Kofahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Alqawasmi."> Jamal Alqawasmi.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a comprehensive literature review (SLR) was conducted, with the main goal of assessing the existing literature about how artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL) models are used in sustainable architecture applications and issues including thermal comfort satisfaction, energy efficiency, cost prediction and many others issues. For this reason, the search strategy was initiated by using different databases, including Scopus, Springer and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were used by two research strings related to DL, ML and sustainable architecture. Moreover, the timeframe for the inclusion of the papers was open, even though most of the papers were conducted in the previous four years. As a paper filtration strategy, conferences and books were excluded from database search results. Using these inclusion and exclusion criteria, the search was conducted, and a sample of 59 papers was selected as the final included papers in the analysis. The data extraction phase was basically to extract the needed data from these papers, which were analyzed and correlated. The results of this SLR showed that there are many applications of ML and DL in Sustainable buildings, and that this topic is currently trendy. It was found that most of the papers focused their discussions on addressing Environmental Sustainability issues and factors using machine learning predictive models, with a particular emphasis on the use of Decision Tree algorithms. Moreover, it was found that the Random Forest repressor demonstrates strong performance across all feature selection groups in terms of cost prediction of the building as a machine-learning predictive model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title="machine learning">machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20building" title=" sustainable building"> sustainable building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183739/a-comprehensive-review-of-artificial-intelligence-applications-in-sustainable-building" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Estimation of Natural Pozzolan Reserves in the Volcanic Province of the Moroccan Middle Atlas Using a Geographic Information System in Order to Valorize Them</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Balizi">Brahim Balizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayoub%20Aziz"> Ayoub Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelilah%20Bellil"> Abdelilah Bellil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellali%20El%20Khadiri"> Abdellali El Khadiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Mabrouki"> Jamal Mabrouki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mio-polio-quaternary volcanism of the Tabular Middle Atlas, which corresponds to prospective levels of exploitable usable raw minerals, is a feature of Morocco's Middle Atlas, especially the Azrou-Timahdite region. Given their importance in national policy in terms of human development by supporting the sociological and economic component, this area has consequently been the focus of various research and prospecting of these levels in order to develop these reserves. The outcome of this labor is a massive amount of data that needs to be managed appropriately because it comes from multiple sources and formats, including side points, contour lines, geology, hydrogeology, hydrology, geological and topographical maps, satellite photos, and more. In this regard, putting in place a Geographic Information System (GIS) is essential to be able to offer a side plan that makes it possible to see the most recent topography of the area being exploited, to compute the volume of exploitation that occurs every day, and to make decisions with the fewest possible restrictions in order to use the reserves for the realization of ecological light mortars The three sites' mining will follow the contour lines in five steps that are six meters high and decline. It is anticipated that each quarry produces about 90,000 m3/year. For a single quarry, this translates to a daily production of about 450 m3 (200 days/year). About 3,540,240 m3 and 10,620,720 m3, respectively, represent the possible net exploitable volume in place for a single quarry and the three exploitable zones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title="GIS">GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topography" title=" topography"> topography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploitation" title=" exploitation"> exploitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quarrying" title=" quarrying"> quarrying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweight%20mortar" title=" lightweight mortar"> lightweight mortar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190234/estimation-of-natural-pozzolan-reserves-in-the-volcanic-province-of-the-moroccan-middle-atlas-using-a-geographic-information-system-in-order-to-valorize-them" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Applying Lean Six Sigma in an Emergency Department, of a Private Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Al-Lumai">Sarah Al-Lumai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Al-Attar"> Fatima Al-Attar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nour%20Jamal">Nour Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badria%20Al-Dabbous"> Badria Al-Dabbous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Abdulla">Manal Abdulla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, many commonly used Industrial Engineering tools and techniques are being used in hospitals around the world for the goal of producing a more efficient and effective healthcare system. A common quality improvement methodology known as Lean Six-Sigma has been successful in manufacturing industries and recently in healthcare. The objective of our project is to use the Lean Six-Sigma methodology to reduce waiting time in the Emergency Department (ED), in a local private hospital. Furthermore, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to evaluate the success of Lean Six-Sigma in the ED. According to the study conducted by Ibn Sina Hospital, in Morocco, the most common problem that patients complain about is waiting time. To ensure patient satisfaction many hospitals such as North Shore University Hospital were able to reduce waiting time up to 37% by using Lean Six-Sigma. Other hospitals, such as John Hopkins’s medical center used Lean Six-Sigma successfully to enhance the overall patient flow that ultimately decreased waiting time. Furthermore, it was found that capacity constraints, such as staff shortages and lack of beds were one of the main reasons behind long waiting time. With the use of Lean Six-Sigma and bed management, hospitals like Memorial Hermann Southwest Hospital were able to reduce patient delays. Moreover, in order to successfully implement Lean Six-Sigma in our project, two common methodologies were considered, DMAIC and DMADV. After the assessment of both methodologies, it was found that DMAIC was a more suitable approach to our project because it is more concerned with improving an already existing process. With many of its successes, Lean Six-Sigma has its limitation especially in healthcare; but limitations can be minimized if properly approached. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean%20six%20sigma" title="lean six sigma">lean six sigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DMAIC" title=" DMAIC"> DMAIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital" title=" hospital"> hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methodology" title=" methodology"> methodology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9391/applying-lean-six-sigma-in-an-emergency-department-of-a-private-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9391.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Heuristics for Optimizing Power Consumption in the Smart Grid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaid%20Jamal%20Saeed%20Almahmoud">Zaid Jamal Saeed Almahmoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our increasing reliance on electricity, with inefficient consumption trends, has resulted in several economical and environmental threats. These threats include wasting billions of dollars, draining limited resources, and elevating the impact of climate change. As a solution, the smart grid is emerging as the future power grid, with smart techniques to optimize power consumption and electricity generation. Minimizing the peak power consumption under a fixed delay requirement is a significant problem in the smart grid. In addition, matching demand to supply is a key requirement for the success of the future electricity. In this work, we consider the problem of minimizing the peak demand under appliances constraints by scheduling power jobs with uniform release dates and deadlines. As the problem is known to be NP-Hard, we propose two versions of a heuristic algorithm for solving this problem. Our theoretical analysis and experimental results show that our proposed heuristics outperform existing methods by providing a better approximation to the optimal solution. In addition, we consider dynamic pricing methods to minimize the peak load and match demand to supply in the smart grid. Our contribution is the proposal of generic, as well as customized pricing heuristics to minimize the peak demand and match demand with supply. In addition, we propose optimal pricing algorithms that can be used when the maximum deadline period of the power jobs is relatively small. Finally, we provide theoretical analysis and conduct several experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heuristics" title="heuristics">heuristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20demand" title=" peak demand"> peak demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20supply" title=" power supply"> power supply</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158813/heuristics-for-optimizing-power-consumption-in-the-smart-grid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Machine Learning Facing Behavioral Noise Problem in an Imbalanced Data Using One Side Behavioral Noise Reduction: Application to a Fraud Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20El%20Hajjami">Salma El Hajjami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Malki"> Jamal Malki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alain%20Bouju"> Alain Bouju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Berrada"> Mohammed Berrada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the expansion of machine learning and data mining in the context of Big Data analytics, the common problem that affects data is class imbalance. It refers to an imbalanced distribution of instances belonging to each class. This problem is present in many real world applications such as fraud detection, network intrusion detection, medical diagnostics, etc. In these cases, data instances labeled negatively are significantly more numerous than the instances labeled positively. When this difference is too large, the learning system may face difficulty when tackling this problem, since it is initially designed to work in relatively balanced class distribution scenarios. Another important problem, which usually accompanies these imbalanced data, is the overlapping instances between the two classes. It is commonly referred to as noise or overlapping data. In this article, we propose an approach called: One Side Behavioral Noise Reduction (OSBNR). This approach presents a way to deal with the problem of class imbalance in the presence of a high noise level. OSBNR is based on two steps. Firstly, a cluster analysis is applied to groups similar instances from the minority class into several behavior clusters. Secondly, we select and eliminate the instances of the majority class, considered as behavioral noise, which overlap with behavior clusters of the minority class. The results of experiments carried out on a representative public dataset confirm that the proposed approach is efficient for the treatment of class imbalances in the presence of noise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title="machine learning">machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imbalanced%20data" title=" imbalanced data"> imbalanced data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data" title=" big data"> big data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127869/machine-learning-facing-behavioral-noise-problem-in-an-imbalanced-data-using-one-side-behavioral-noise-reduction-application-to-a-fraud-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Effect of Species and Slaughtering Age on Quality Characteristics of Different Meat Cuts of Humped Cattle and Water Buffalo Bulls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Kashif%20Yar">Muhammad Kashif Yar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hayat%20Jaspal"> Muhammad Hayat Jaspal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muawuz%20Ijaz"> Muawuz Ijaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zafar%20Hayat"> Zafar Hayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iftikhar%20Hussain%20Badar"> Iftikhar Hussain Badar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Nasir"> Jamal Nasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Meat quality characteristics such as ultimate pH (pHu), color, cooking loss and shear force of eight wholesale meat cuts of humped cattle (Bos indicus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls at two age groups were evaluated. A total of 48 animals, 24 of each species and within species 12 from each 18 and 26 months age group were slaughtered. After 24h post-slaughter, eight meat cuts, i.e., tenderloin, sirloin, rump, cube roll, round, topside, silverside and blade were cut from the carcass. The pHu of tenderloin (5.65 vs 5.55), sirloin (5.67 vs 5.60), cube roll (5.68 vs 5.62) and blade (5.88 vs 5.72) was significantly higher (P<0.05) in buffalo than cattle. The tenderloin showed significantly higher (44.63 vs 42.23) and sirloin showed lower (P<0.05) mean L* value (42.28 vs 44.47) in cattle than buffalo whilst the mean L* value of the only tenderloin was affected by animal age. Species had a significant (P<0.05) effect on mean a*, b*, C, and h values of all meat cuts. The shear force of the majority of meat cuts, within species and age groups, varied considerably. The mean shear values of tenderloin, sirloin, cube roll and blade were higher (P<0.05) in buffalo than cattle. The shear values of rump, round, topside and silverside increased significantly (P<0.05) with animal age. In conclusion, primal cuts of cattle showed better meat quality especially tenderness than buffalo. Furthermore, calves should be raised at least up to 26 months of age to maximize profitability by providing better quality meat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffalo" title="buffalo">buffalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cattle" title=" cattle"> cattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20color" title=" meat color"> meat color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20quality" title=" meat quality"> meat quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slaughtering%20age" title=" slaughtering age"> slaughtering age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tenderness" title=" tenderness"> tenderness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136680/effect-of-species-and-slaughtering-age-on-quality-characteristics-of-different-meat-cuts-of-humped-cattle-and-water-buffalo-bulls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Transcriptomic Analysis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Cafeteria Diet Induced Obese Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Jamal">Mohammad Jamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most chronic liver diseases, prevalent among people with morbid obesity. NAFLD does not develop clinically significant liver disease, however cirrhosis and liver cancer develop in subset and currently there are no approved therapies for the treatment of NAFLD. The study is aimed to understand the various key genes involved in the mechanism of NAFLD which can be valuable for developing diagnostic and predictive biomarkers based on their histologic stage of liver. The study was conducted on 16 male Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were divided in two groups: control group (n=8) fed on ad libitum normal chow and regular water and the cafeteria group (CAF)) (n=8) fed on high fatty/ carbohydrate diet. The animals received their respective diet from 4 weeks onwards from D.O.B until 25 weeks. Liver was extracted and RT² Profiler PCR Array was used to assess the NAFLD related genes. Histological evaluation was performed using H&E stain in liver tissue sections. Our PCR array results showed that genes involved in anti-inflammatory activity (Ifng, IL10), fatty acid uptake/oxidation (Fabp5), apoptosis (Fas), lipogenesis (Gck and Srebf1), Insulin signalling (Igfbp1) and metabolic pathway (pdk4) were upregulated in the liver of cafeteria fed obese rats. Bloated hepatocytes, displaced nucleus and higher lipid content were seen in the liver of cafeteria fed obese rats. Although Liver biopsies remain the gold standard in evaluating NAFLD, however an approach towards non-invasive markers could be used in understanding the physiology, therapeutic potential, and the targets to combat NAFLD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title="biomarkers">biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cafeteria%20diet" title=" cafeteria diet"> cafeteria diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NAFLD" title=" NAFLD"> NAFLD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151478/transcriptomic-analysis-of-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-in-cafeteria-diet-induced-obese-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Performance Augmentation of a Combined Cycle Power Plant with Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.%20Elhaj">Mohammed A. Elhaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20Yassin"> Jamal S. Yassin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present time, energy crises are considered a severe problem across the world. For the protection of global environment and maintain ecological balance, energy saving is considered one of the most vital issues from the view point of fuel consumption. As the industrial sectors everywhere continue efforts to improve their energy efficiency, recovering waste heat losses provides an attractive opportunity for an emission free and less costly energy resource. In the other hand the using of solar energy has become more insistent particularly after the high gross of prices and running off the conventional energy sources. Therefore, it is essential that we should endeavor for waste heat recovery as well as solar energy by making significant and concrete efforts. For these reasons this investigation is carried out to study and analyze the performance of a power plant working by a combined cycle in which Heat Recovery System Generator (HRSG) gets its energy from the waste heat of a gas turbine unit. Evaluation of the performance of the plant is based on different thermal efficiencies of the main components in addition to the second law analysis considering the exergy destructions for the whole components. The contribution factors including the solar as well as the wasted energy are considered in the calculations. The final results have shown that there is significant exergy destruction in solar concentrator and the combustion chamber of the gas turbine unit. Other components such as compressor, gas turbine, steam turbine and heat exchangers having insignificant exergy destruction. Also, solar energy can contribute by about 27% of the input energy to the plant while the energy lost with exhaust gases can contribute by about 64% at maximum cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title="solar energy">solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20heat" title=" waste heat"> waste heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20generator" title=" steam generator"> steam generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy%20destruction" title=" exergy destruction"> exergy destruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4972/performance-augmentation-of-a-combined-cycle-power-plant-with-waste-heat-recovery-and-solar-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Lamb Waves Wireless Communication in Healthy Plates Using Coherent Demodulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rudy%20Bahouth">Rudy Bahouth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farouk%20Benmeddour"> Farouk Benmeddour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Moulin"> Emmanuel Moulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Assaad"> Jamal Assaad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Guided ultrasonic waves are used in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for inspection and damage detection. Recently, wireless data transmission using ultrasonic waves in solid metallic channels has gained popularity in some industrial applications such as nuclear, aerospace and smart vehicles. The idea is to find a good substitute for electromagnetic waves since they are highly attenuated near metallic components due to Faraday shielding. The proposed solution is to use ultrasonic guided waves such as Lamb waves as an information carrier due to their capability of propagation for long distances. In addition to this, valuable information about the health of the structure could be extracted simultaneously. In this work, the reliable frequency bandwidth for communication is extracted experimentally from dispersion curves at first. Then, an experimental platform for wireless communication using Lamb waves is described and built. After this, coherent demodulation algorithm used in telecommunications is tested for Amplitude Shift Keying, On-Off Keying and Binary Phase Shift Keying modulation techniques. Signal processing parameters such as threshold choice, number of cycles per bit and Bit Rate are optimized. Experimental results are compared based on the average Bit Error Rate. Results have shown high sensitivity to threshold selection for Amplitude Shift Keying and On-Off Keying techniques resulting a Bit Rate decrease. Binary Phase Shift Keying technique shows the highest stability and data rate between all tested modulation techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lamb%20waves%20communication" title="lamb waves communication">lamb waves communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20communication" title=" wireless communication"> wireless communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coherent%20demodulation" title=" coherent demodulation"> coherent demodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bit%20error%20rate" title=" bit error rate"> bit error rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134984/lamb-waves-wireless-communication-in-healthy-plates-using-coherent-demodulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Rule-Of-Mixtures: Predicting the Bending Modulus of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Dental Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niloofar%20Bahramian">Niloofar Bahramian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Atai"> Mohammad Atai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Naimi-Jamal"> Mohammad Reza Naimi-Jamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rule of mixtures is the simple analytical model is used to predict various properties of composites before design. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the benefits and limitations of the Rule-of-Mixtures (ROM) for predicting bending modulus of a continuous and unidirectional fiber reinforced composites using in dental applications. The Composites were fabricated from light curing resin (with and without silica nanoparticles) and modified and non-modified fibers. Composite samples were divided into eight groups with ten specimens for each group. The bending modulus (flexural modulus) of samples was determined from the slope of the initial linear region of stress-strain curve on 2mm×2mm×25mm specimens with different designs: fibers corona treatment time (0s, 5s, 7s), fibers silane treatment (0%wt, 2%wt), fibers volume fraction (41%, 33%, 25%) and nanoparticles incorporation in resin (0%wt, 10%wt, 15%wt). To study the fiber and matrix interface after fracture, single edge notch beam (SENB) method and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used. SEM also was used to show the nanoparticles dispersion in resin. Experimental results of bending modulus for composites made of both physical (corona) and chemical (silane) treated fibers were in reasonable agreement with linear ROM estimates, but untreated fibers or non-optimized treated fibers and poor nanoparticles dispersion did not correlate as well with ROM results. This study shows that the ROM is useful to predict the mechanical behavior of unidirectional dental composites but fiber-resin interface and quality of nanoparticles dispersion play important role in ROM accurate predictions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20modulus" title="bending modulus">bending modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20reinforced%20composite" title=" fiber reinforced composite"> fiber reinforced composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20treatment" title=" fiber treatment"> fiber treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule-of-mixtures" title=" rule-of-mixtures"> rule-of-mixtures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75784/rule-of-mixtures-predicting-the-bending-modulus-of-unidirectional-fiber-reinforced-dental-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Thermal Performance of an Air Heating Storing System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.%20Elhaj">Mohammed A. Elhaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20Yassin"> Jamal S. Yassin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Owing to the lack of synchronization between the solar energy availability and the heat demands in a specific application, the energy storing sub-system is necessary to maintain the continuity of thermal process. The present work is dealing with an active solar heating storing system in which an air solar collector is connected to storing unit where this energy is distributed and provided to the heated space in a controlled manner. The solar collector is a box type absorber where the air flows between a number of vanes attached between the collector absorber and the bottom plate. This design can improve the efficiency due to increasing the heat transfer area exposed to the flowing air, as well as the heat conduction through the metal vanes from the top absorbing surface. The storing unit is a packed bed type where the air is coming from the air collector and circulated through the bed in order to add/remove the energy through the charging / discharging processes, respectively. The major advantage of the packed bed storage is its high degree of thermal stratification. Numerical solution of the packed bed energy storage is considered through dividing the bed into a number of equal segments for the bed particles and solved the energy equation for each segment depending on the neighbor ones. The studied design and performance parameters in the developed simulation model including, particle size, void fraction, etc. The final results showed that the collector efficiency was fluctuated between 55%-61% in winter season (January) under the climatic conditions of Misurata in Libya. Maximum temperature of 52ºC is attained at the top of the bed while the lower one is 25ºC at the end of the charging process of hot air into the bed. This distribution can satisfy the required load for the most house heating in Libya. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title="solar energy">solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20process" title=" thermal process"> thermal process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collector" title=" collector"> collector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packed%20bed" title=" packed bed"> packed bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10545/thermal-performance-of-an-air-heating-storing-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10545.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Impact of Aging on Fatigue Performance of Novel Hybrid HMA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizan%20Asghar">Faizan Asghar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Jamal%20Khattak"> Mohammad Jamal Khattak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aging, in general, refers to changes in rheological characteristics of asphalt mixture due to changes in chemical composition over the course of construction and service life of the pavement. The main goal of this study was to investigate the impact of oxidation on fatigue characteristics of a novel HMA composite fabricated with a combination of crumb rubber (CRM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber subject to aging of 7 and 14 days. A flexural beam fatigue test was performed to evaluate several characteristics of control, CRM modified, PVA reinforced, and novel rubber-fiber HMA composite. Experimental results revealed that aging had a significant impact on the fatigue performance of novel HMA composite. It was found that a suitable proportion of CRM and PVA radically affected the performance of novel rubber-fiber HMA in resistance to fracture and fatigue cracking when subjected to long-term aging. The developed novel HMA composite containing 2% CRM and 0.2% PVA presented around 29 times higher resistance to fatigue cracking for a period of 7 days of aging. To develop a cumulative plastic deformation level of 250 micros, such a mixture required over 50 times higher cycles than control HMA. Moreover, the crack propagation rate was reduced by over 90%, with over 12 times higher energy required to propagate a unit crack length in such a mixture compared to conventional HMA. Further, digital imaging correlation analyses revealed a more twisted and convoluted fracture path and higher strain distribution in rubber-fiber HMA composite. The fatigue performance after long-term aging of such novel HMA composite explicitly validates the ability to withstand load repetition that could lead to an extension in the service life of pavement infrastructure and reduce taxpayers’ dollars spent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crumb%20rubber" title="crumb rubber">crumb rubber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVA%20fibers" title=" PVA fibers"> PVA fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20process" title=" dry process"> dry process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20testing" title=" performance testing"> performance testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20life" title=" fatigue life"> fatigue life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169846/impact-of-aging-on-fatigue-performance-of-novel-hybrid-hma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> The Study of Implications on Modern Businesses Performances by Digital Communities: Case of Data Leak</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Majeed">Asim Majeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anwar%20Ul%20Haq"> Anwar Ul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Asim"> Ayesha Asim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mike%20Lloyd-Williams"> Mike Lloyd-Williams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arshad%20Jamal"> Arshad Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20Butt"> Usman Butt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to investigate the impact of data leak of M&S customers on digital communities. Modern businesses are using digital communities as an important public relations tool for marketing purposes. This form of communication helps companies to build better relationship with their customers which also act as another source of information. The communication between the customers and the organizations is not regulated so users may post positive and negative comments. There are new platforms being developed on a daily basis and it is very crucial for the businesses to not only get themselves familiar with those but also know how to reach their existing and perspective consumers. The driving force of marketing and communication in modern businesses is the digital communities and these are continuously increasing and developing. This phenomenon is changing the way marketing is conducted. The current research has discussed the implications on M&S business performance since the data was exploited on digital communities; users contacted M&S and raised the security concerns. M&S closed down its website for few hours to try to resolve the issue. The next day M&S made a public apology about this incidence. This information was proliferated on various digital communities and it has impacted negatively on M&S brand name, sales and customers. The content analysis approach is being used to collect qualitative data from 100 digital bloggers including social media communities such as Facebook and Twitter. The results and finding provide useful new insights into the nature and form of security concerns of digital users. Findings have theoretical and practical implications. This research will showcase a large corporation utilizing various digital community platforms and can serve as a model for future organizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Digital" title="Digital">Digital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communities" title=" communities"> communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissemination" title=" dissemination"> dissemination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implications" title=" implications"> implications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data" title=" data"> data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploitation" title=" exploitation"> exploitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40562/the-study-of-implications-on-modern-businesses-performances-by-digital-communities-case-of-data-leak" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Improvement of Water Quality of Al Asfar Lake Using Constructed Wetland System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Radaideh">Jamal Radaideh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Al-Asfar Lake is located about 14 km east of Al-Ahsa and is one of the most important wetland lakes in the Al Ahsa/Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Al-Ahsa is may be the largest oasis in the world, having an area of 20,000 hectares, in addition, it is of the largest and oldest agricultural centers in the region. The surplus farm irrigation water beside additional water supplied by treated wastewater from Al-Hofuf sewage station is collected by a drainage network and discharged into Al-Asfar Lake. The lake has good wetlands, sand dunes as well as large expanses of open and shallow water. Salt tolerant vegetation is present in some of the shallow areas around the lake, and huge stands of Phragmites reeds occur around the lake. The lake presents an important habitat for wildlife and birds, something not expected to find in a large desert. Although high evaporation rates in the range of 3250 mm are common, the water remains in the evaporation lakes during all seasons of the year is used to supply cattle with drinking water and for aquifer recharge. Investigations showed that high concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and salinity discharge to Al Asfar Lake from the D2 drain exist. It is expected that the majority of BOD, COD and N originates from wastewater discharge and leachate from surplus irrigation water which also contribute to the majority of P and salinity. The significant content of nutrients and biological oxygen demand reduces available oxygen in the water. The present project aimed to improve the water quality of the lake using constructed wetland trains which will be built around the lake. Phragmites reeds, which already occur around the lake, will be used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al%20Asfar%20lake" title="Al Asfar lake">Al Asfar lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructed%20wetland" title=" constructed wetland"> constructed wetland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60151/improvement-of-water-quality-of-al-asfar-lake-using-constructed-wetland-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> A Combined CFD Simulation of Plateau Borders including Films and Transitional Areas of Liquid Foams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolhamid%20Anazadehsayed">Abdolhamid Anazadehsayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Naser"> Jamal Naser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An integrated computational fluid dynamics model is developed for a combined simulation of Plateau borders, films, and transitional areas between the film and the Plateau borders to reduce the simplifications and shortcomings of available models for foam drainage in micro-scale. Additionally, the counter-flow related to the Marangoni effect in the transitional area is investigated. The results of this combined model show the contribution of the films, the exterior Plateau borders, and Marangoni flow in the drainage process more accurately since the inter-influence of foam's elements is included in this study. The exterior Plateau borders flow rate can be four times larger than the interior ones. The exterior bubbles can be more prominent in the drainage process in cases where the number of the exterior Plateau borders increases due to the geometry of container. The ratio of the Marangoni counter-flow to the Plateau border flow increases drastically with an increase in the mobility of air-liquid interface. However, the exterior bubbles follow the same trend with much less intensity since typically, the flow is less dependent on the interface of air-liquid in the exterior bubbles. Moreover, the Marangoni counter-flow in a near-wall transition area is less important than an internal one. The influence of air-liquid interface mobility on the average velocity of interior foams is attained with more accuracy with more realistic boundary condition. Then it has been compared with other numerical and analytical results. The contribution of films in the drainage is significant for the mobile foams as the velocity of flow in the film has the same order of magnitude as the velocity in the Plateau border. Nevertheless, for foams with rigid interfaces, film's contribution in foam drainage is insignificant, particularly for the films near the wall of the container. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam" title="foam">foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plateau%20border" title=" plateau border"> plateau border</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title=" film"> film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marangoni" title=" Marangoni"> Marangoni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bubble" title=" bubble"> bubble</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64152/a-combined-cfd-simulation-of-plateau-borders-including-films-and-transitional-areas-of-liquid-foams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Case Presentation Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome Secondary to Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors Secreting ACTH</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Frookh%20Jamal">Hasan Frookh Jamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This is a case of a 36-year-old Bahraini gentleman diagnosed to have Cushing's Syndrome with a large anterior mediastinal mass. He was sent abroad to the Speciality hospital in Jordan, where he underwent diagnostic video-assisted thoracoscopy, partial thymectomy and pericardial fat excision. Histopathology of the mass was reported to be an Atypical carcinoid tumor with a low Ki67 proliferation index of 5%, the mitotic activity of 4 MF/10HPF and pathological stage classification(pTNM): pT1aN1. MRI of the pituitary gland showed an ill-defined non-enhancing focus of about 3mm on the Rt side of the pituitary on coronal images, with a similar but smaller one on the left side, which could be due to enhancing pattern rather than a real lesion as reported. The patient underwent Ga68 Dotate PET/CT scan post-operatively, which showed multiple somatostatin receptor-positive lesions seen within the tail, body and head of the pancreas and positive somatostatin receptor lymph nodes located between the pancreatic head and IVC. There was no uptake detected at the anterior mediastinum nor at the site of thymic mass resection. There was no evidence of any positive somatostatin uptake at the soft tissue or lymph nodes. The patient underwent IPSS, which proved that the source is, in fact, an ectopic source of ACTH secretion. Unfortunately, the patient's serum cortisol remained elevated after surgery and failed to be suppressed by 1 mg ODST and by 2 days LLDST with a high ACTH value. The patient was started on Osilodrostat for treatment of hypercortisolism for the time being and his future treatment plan with Lutetium-177 Dotate therapy vs. bilateral adrenalectomy is to be considered in an MDT meeting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cushing%20syndrome" title="cushing syndrome">cushing syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroendocrine%20tumur" title=" neuroendocrine tumur"> neuroendocrine tumur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoid%20tumor" title=" carcinoid tumor"> carcinoid tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thymoma" title=" Thymoma"> Thymoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157854/case-presentation-ectopic-cushings-syndrome-secondary-to-thymic-neuroendocrine-tumors-secreting-acth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Screening of Factors Affecting the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Empty Fruit Bunches in Aqueous Ionic Liquid and Locally Produced Cellulase System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Z.%20Alam">Md. Z. Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20A.%20Elgharbawy"> Amal A. Elgharbawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Moniruzzaman"> Muhammad Moniruzzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassereldeen%20A.%20Kabbashi"> Nassereldeen A. Kabbashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parveen%20Jamal"> Parveen Jamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is one of the obstacles in the process of sugar production, due to the presence of lignin that protects the cellulose molecules against cellulases. Although the pretreatment of lignocellulose in ionic liquid (IL) system has been receiving a lot of interest; however, it requires IL removal with an anti-solvent in order to proceed with the enzymatic hydrolysis. At this point, introducing a compatible cellulase enzyme seems more efficient in this process. A cellulase enzyme that was produced by Trichoderma reesei on palm kernel cake (PKC) exhibited a promising stability in several ILs. The enzyme called PKC-Cel was tested for its optimum pH and temperature as well as its molecular weight. One among evaluated ILs, 1,3-diethylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate [DEMIM] DMP was applied in this study. Evaluation of six factors was executed in Stat-Ease Design Expert V.9, definitive screening design, which are IL/ buffer ratio, temperature, hydrolysis retention time, biomass loading, cellulase loading and empty fruit bunches (EFB) particle size. According to the obtained data, IL-enzyme system shows the highest sugar concentration at 70 °C, 27 hours, 10% IL-buffer, 35% biomass loading, 60 Units/g cellulase and 200 μm particle size. As concluded from the obtained data, not only the PKC-Cel was stable in the presence of the IL, also it was actually stable at a higher temperature than its optimum one. The reducing sugar obtained was 53.468±4.58 g/L which was equivalent to 0.3055 g reducing sugar/g EFB. This approach opens an insight for more studies in order to understand the actual effect of ILs on cellulases and their interactions in the aqueous system. It could also benefit in an efficient production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulase" title="cellulase">cellulase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrolysis" title=" hydrolysis"> hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lignocellulose" title=" lignocellulose"> lignocellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pretreatment" title=" pretreatment"> pretreatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50719/screening-of-factors-affecting-the-enzymatic-hydrolysis-of-empty-fruit-bunches-in-aqueous-ionic-liquid-and-locally-produced-cellulase-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> A Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcomes and Return to Work after Surgical vs. Non-surgical Midshaft Humerus Fracture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Alasiri">Jamal Alasiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naif%20Hakeem"> Naif Hakeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saoud%20Almaslmani"> Saoud Almaslmani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Patients with humeral shaft fractures have two different treatment options. Surgical therapy has lesser risks of non-union, mal-union, and re-intervention than non-surgical therapy. These positive clinical outcomes of the surgical approach make it a preferable treatment option despite the risks of radial nerve palsy and additional surgery-related risk. We aimed to evaluate patients’ outcomes and return to work after surgical vs. non-surgical management of shaft humeral fracture. Methods: We used databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, from 2010 to January 2022 to search for potential randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies comparing the patients’ related outcome measures and return to work between surgical and non-surgical management of humerus fracture. Results: After carefully evaluating 1352 articles, we included three RCTs (232 patients) and one cohort study (39 patients). The surgical intervention used plate/nail fixation, while the non-surgical intervention used a splint or brace procedure to manage shaft humeral fracture. The pooled DASH effects of all three RCTs at six (M.D: -7.5 [-13.20, -1.89], P: 0.009) I2:44%) and 12 months (M.D: -1.32 [-3.82, 1.17], p:0.29, I2: 0%) were higher in patients treated surgically than in non-surgical procedures. The pooled constant Murley score at six (M.D: 7.945[2.77,13.10], P: 0.003) I2: 0%) and 12 months (M.D: 1.78 [-1.52, 5.09], P: 0.29, I2: 0%) were higher in patients who received non-surgical than surgical therapy. However, pooled analysis for patients returning to work for both groups remained inconclusive. Conclusion: Altogether, we found no significant evidence supporting the clinical benefits of surgical over non-surgical therapy. Thus, the non-surgical approach remains the preferred therapeutic choice for managing shaft humeral fractures due to its lesser side effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shaft%20humeral%20fracture" title="shaft humeral fracture">shaft humeral fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20treatment" title=" surgical treatment"> surgical treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patient-related%20outcomes" title=" Patient-related outcomes"> Patient-related outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=return%20to%20work" title=" return to work"> return to work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DASH" title=" DASH"> DASH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149651/a-systematic-review-of-patient-reported-outcomes-and-return-to-work-after-surgical-vs-non-surgical-midshaft-humerus-fracture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Identification of microRNAs in Early and Late Onset of Parkinson’s Disease Patient</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Rasyadan%20Arshad">Ahmad Rasyadan Arshad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rahman%20A.%20Jamal"> A. Rahman A. Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mohamed%20Ibrahim"> N. Mohamed Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Azian%20Abdul%20Murad"> Nor Azian Abdul Murad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex and asymptomatic disease where patients are usually diagnosed at late stage where about 70% of the dopaminergic neurons are lost. Therefore, identification of molecular biomarkers is crucial for early diagnosis of PD. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a short nucleotide non-coding small RNA which regulates the gene expression in post-translational process. The involvement of these miRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases includes maintenance of neuronal development, necrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Thus, miRNA could be a potential biomarkers for diagnosis of PD. Objective: This study aim to identify the miRNA involved in Late Onset PD (LOPD) and Early Onset PD (EOPD) compared to the controls. Methods: This is a case-control study involved PD patients in the Chancellor Tunku Muhriz Hospital at the UKM Medical Centre. miRNA samples were extracted using miRNeasy serum/plasma kit from Qiagen. The quality of miRNA extracted was determined using Agilent RNA 6000 Nano kit in the Bioanalyzer. miRNA expression was performed using GeneChip miRNA 4.0 chip from Affymetrix. Microarray was performed in EOPD (n= 7), LOPD (n=9) and healthy control (n=11). Expression Console and Transcriptomic Analyses Console were used to analyze the microarray data. Result: miR-129-5p was significantly downregulated in EOPD compared to LOPD with -4.2 fold change (p = <0.050. miR-301a-3p was upregulated in EOPD compared to healthy control (fold = 10.3, p = <0.05). In LOPD versus healthy control, miR-486-3p (fold = 15.28, p = <0.05), miR-29c-3p (fold = 12.21, p = <0.05) and miR-301a-3p (fold = 10.01, p =< 0.05) were upregulated. Conclusion: Several miRNA have been identified to be differentially expressed in EOPD compared to LOPD and PD versus control. These miRNAs could serve as the potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD. However, these miRNAs need to be validated in a larger sample size. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20onset%20PD" title="early onset PD">early onset PD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=late%20onset%20PD" title=" late onset PD"> late onset PD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA%20%28miRNA%29" title=" microRNA (miRNA)"> microRNA (miRNA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microarray" title=" microarray"> microarray</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58919/identification-of-micrornas-in-early-and-late-onset-of-parkinsons-disease-patient" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Effect of Organic Fertilization and Intercropping of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum) With Faba Bean (Vicia Faba) on Potato’s Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Nassiri">Laila Nassiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aziza%20Irhza"> Aziza Irhza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Ibijbijen"> Jamal Ibijbijen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Rachidi"> Fouad Rachidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghizlane%20Echchgadda"> Ghizlane Echchgadda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The introduction of agroecological practices in ecosystems can contribute to meeting the challenges posed by the diversion of current agricultural production systems towards efficient production methods that are more respectful of the environment, including a reasoned use of inputs and resources. Intercropping is one of these practices that requires the production of two or more crops on the same plot and during the same growing season. Organic fertilization also can contribute to increase the yield due to the potential availability of nutrients. The objective of this work is to study the effect of intercropping and organic fertilization, which are two important practices of agroecology, on potato yield. Intercropping of potato and faba bean was carried out at the Agroecology and Environment platform (ENA, Meknes). The soil is silty-clay, the climate is warm with an average temperature of 17.1°C, and the annual average rainfall of 511mm. Four treatments were tested: Potato sole crop (T1), potato + organic fertilization (T2), Potato + faba bean (T3), Potato + faba bean + organic fertilization (T4). The results showed that there is a significant effect of the treatment on the evolution of the agronomical characters studied, especially the number of leaves and the yield. The number of stems at t0 was equal to 1 in all treatments; it began to grow after 30 days from the date of sowing with a slight increase in treatments containing organic fertilization (T2-T4), then it stabilized 60 days after sowing. In terms of the mean value of the number of leaves, a significant difference was noted between the treatments, the highest value was recorded in treatment T2. The T2 treatment showed the highest average yield, followed by the control (T1). As for the yield, treatments T2 and T1 recorded the highest number of tubers. In order to evaluate two of the practices of agroecology, this work focuses on the evaluation of the effect of intercropping and organic fertilization on the growth and yield parameters of the potato. The results obtained show that agroecological practices have a significant effect on the measured parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agroecology" title="agroecology">agroecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercropping" title=" intercropping"> intercropping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20fertilization" title=" organic fertilization"> organic fertilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potato%20yield" title=" potato yield"> potato yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156975/effect-of-organic-fertilization-and-intercropping-of-potato-solanum-tuberosum-with-faba-bean-vicia-faba-on-potatos-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156975.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Pragmatic Interpretation in Translated Texts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Alqinai">Jamal Alqinai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A pragmatic approach to translation studies the rules and principles governing the use of language over and above the rules of syntax or morphology, and what makes some uses of language more appropriate than others in [communicative] situations. It attempts to explain translation as a procedure and product from the point of view of how, why and what is done by the source text author (ST) and what is to be done in the target text (TT) rendition. The latter will be subject to evaluation not as generated by the linguistics system but as conveyed and manipulated by participants in a communicative situation according to the referential and pragmatic standards employed. The failure of a purely lexical or structural translation stems from ignoring the relation between words as signs and the effect they have on their users. A more refined approach would also consider those processes that are sometimes labeled extra-linguistic or intuitive and which translators strive to reproduce unscathed in the translation process. We need to grasp the kind of actions an ST author performs on his readers by combining linguistic and non-linguistic elements against a backdrop of beliefs and cultural values. In other words, aside from considering the cohesive ties at the textual level, one needs to understand how the whole ST discourse hangs together logically in order to reproduce a coherent TT. The latter can only be achieved by an analysis of the pragmatic elements of presuppositions, implicatures and acts performed in the ST. Establishing cohesive ties within a text may require seeking reference outside the immediate text. The illocutionary functions manifested in one language/culture are relatively autonomous cultural/linguistic categories, but are imaginable by members of other cultures and, to some extent , are translatable though not, of course, without translation loss. Globalization and the spread of literacy worldwide may have created a universal empathy to comprehend the performative aspect of utterances when explained by approximate glosses or by paraphrase. Yet, it is often the multilayered and the culture-specific nature of illocutionary functions that de-universalize their possible interpretations. This paper addresses the pragmatic interpretation of culturally specific texts with examples adduced from a number of distinct settings to illustrate the influence of the pragmatic factors at stake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pragmatic" title="pragmatic">pragmatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=presupposition" title=" presupposition"> presupposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implicature" title=" implicature"> implicature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title=" cohesion"> cohesion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195038/pragmatic-interpretation-in-translated-texts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">0</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Evaluation of Traffic Noise Level: A Case Study in Residential Area of Ishbiliyah , Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Almatawah">Jamal Almatawah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20Matar"> Hamad Matar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulsalam%20Altemeemi"> Abdulsalam Altemeemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized environmental noise as harmful pollution that causes adverse psychosocial and physiologic effects on human health. The motor vehicle is considered to be one of the main source of noise pollution. It is a universal phenomenon, and it has grown to the point that it has become a major concern for both the public and policymakers. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to investigate the Traffic noise levels and the contributing factors that affect its level, such as traffic volume, heavy-vehicle Speed and other metrological factors in Ishbiliyah as a sample of a residential area in Kuwait. Three types of roads were selected in Ishbiliyah expressway, major arterial and collector street. The other source of noise that interferes the traffic noise has also been considered in this study. Traffic noise level is measured and analyzed using the Bruel & Kjaer outdoor sound level meter 2250-L (2250 Light). The Count-Cam2 Video Camera has been used to collect the peak and off-peak traffic count. Ambient Weather WM-5 Handheld Weather Station is used for metrological factors such as temperature, humidity and wind speed. Also, the spot speed was obtained using the radar speed: Decatur Genesis model GHD-KPH. All the measurement has been detected at the same time (simultaneously). The results showed that the traffic noise level is over the allowable limit on all types of roads. The average equivalent noise level (LAeq) for the Expressway, Major arterial and Collector Street was 74.3 dB(A), 70.47 dB(A) and 60.84 dB(A), respectively. In addition, a Positive Correlation coefficient between the traffic noise versus traffic volume and between traffic noise versus 85th percentile speed was obtained. However, there was no significant relation and Metrological factors. Abnormal vehicle noise due to poor maintenance or user-enhanced exhaust noise was found to be one of the highest factors that affected the overall traffic noise reading. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20noise" title="traffic noise">traffic noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20area" title=" residential area"> residential area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20noise" title=" vehicle noise"> vehicle noise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174090/evaluation-of-traffic-noise-level-a-case-study-in-residential-area-of-ishbiliyah-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Avifauna of Bara Gali Summer Campus, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Ullah">Saif Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaigham%20Hasan"> Zaigham Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ali"> Muhammad Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qaisar%20Jamal"> Qaisar Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiran%20Salahuddin"> Kiran Salahuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Awais"> Muhammad Awais</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Survey of avian fauna of Bara Gali Summer Campus, University of Peshawar situated in Abbottabad was conducted from April to October, 2013. A total of 21 species belonging to 5 orders and 15 families were recorded. Out of these, 6 were resident, 12 summer visitor and 3 rare. Order Passeriformes was represented by 16 species which are Certhia himalayana, Megalaima virens, Phylloscopus trochiloides, Garrulax lineatus, Passer rutilans, Corvus macrorhynchos, Hypsipetes leucocephalus, Acridotheres tristis, Delichon dasypus cashmeriensis, Hirundo rustica, Muscicapa thalassina, Saxicola ferrea, Myiophoneus caeruleus, Parus melonolophus, Parus rufonuchalis, Parus monticolus, belonging to 11 families. Two species Dendrocopos himalayansis and Picus squamatus belong to only one family Picidae of order Piciformes. Among rest of the three orders each is represented by only a single species; Accipitriformes by Accipiter virgatus, Coraciformes by Upupa epops while order Psittaciformes has been represented by Psittacula himalayana. The distribution and abundance varied with season and maximum number of species were found during the monsoon season when most of the birds migrate for breeding. Some habits and behaviors like nesting, feeding, breeding and vocalizations were also studied which are very unique from other birds found at lower elevations. Among bird species adapted to diverse habitat in the field, Himalayan Jungle Crow, Common Mynas, Bulbuls, Barn Swallows, barbets were prominent. Interesting feature of the avian fauna is its familiarity with flora, was also observed during the present studies that some birds are very quick and active in their movement on a tree surface i.e Certhia himalayana. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avifauna%20diversity" title="avifauna diversity">avifauna diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bara%20Gali" title=" Bara Gali"> Bara Gali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbottabad" title=" Abbottabad"> Abbottabad</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47109/avifauna-of-bara-gali-summer-campus-university-of-peshawar-khyber-pakhtunkhwa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Demographic Profile, Risk Factors and In-hospital Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in Young Population, in Pakistan-Single Center Real World Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Qudrat">Asma Qudrat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Ullah"> Abid Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafi%20Ullah"> Rafi Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Raza"> Ali Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Zeb"> Shah Zeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ali%20Shan%20Ul-Haq"> Syed Ali Shan Ul-Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahkar%20Ahmed%20Shah"> Shahkar Ahmed Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attiya%20Hameed%20Khan"> Attiya Hameed Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Zaheer"> Saad Zaheer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umama%20Qasim"> Umama Qasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiran%20Jamal"> Kiran Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahoor%20khan"> Zahoor khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major public health issue associated with high mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. Young patients with ACS have unique characteristics with different demographic profiles and risk factors. The precise diagnosis and early risk stratification is important in guiding treatment and predicting the prognosis of young patients with ACS. To evaluate the associated demographics, risk factors, and outcomes profile of ACS in young age patients. Methods: The research follow a retrospective design, the single centre study of patients diagnosis with the first event of ACS in young age (>18 and <40) were included. Data collection included demographic profiles, risk factors, and in-hospital outcomes of young ACS patients. The patient’s data was retrieved through Electronic Medical Records (EMR) of Peshawar Institute of Cardiology (PIC), and all characteristic were assessed. Results: In this study, 77% were male, and 23% were female patients. The risk factors were assessed with CAD and shown significant results (P < 0.01). The most common presentation was STEMI, with (45%) most in ACS young patients. The angiographic pattern showed single vessel disease (SVD) in 49%, double vessel disease (DVD) in 17% and triple vessel disease (TVD) was found in 10%, and Left Artery Disease (LAD) (54%) was present to be the most common involved artery. Conclusion: It is concluded that the male sex was predominant in ACS young age patients. SVD was the common coronary angiographic ﬁnding. Risk factors showed significant results towards CAD and common presentations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20artery%20disease" title="coronary artery disease">coronary artery disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Non-ST%20elevation%20myocardial%20infarction" title=" Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction"> Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ST%20elevation%20myocardial%20infarction" title=" ST elevation myocardial infarction"> ST elevation myocardial infarction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unstable%20angina" title=" unstable angina"> unstable angina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20coronary%20syndrome" title=" acute coronary syndrome"> acute coronary syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154361/demographic-profile-risk-factors-and-in-hospital-outcomes-of-acute-coronary-syndrome-acs-in-young-population-in-pakistan-single-center-real-world-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> A Review on Development of Pedicle Screws and Characterization of Biomaterials for Fixation in Lumbar Spine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shri%20Dubey">Shri Dubey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Ghorieshi"> Jamal Ghorieshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Instability of the lumbar spine is caused by various factors that include degenerative disc, herniated disc, traumatic injuries, and other disorders. Pedicle screws are widely used as a main fixation device to construct rigid linkages of vertebrae to provide a fully functional and stable spine. Various technologies and methods have been used to restore the stabilization. However, loosening of pedicle screws is the main cause of concerns for neurosurgeons. This could happen due to poor bone quality with osteoporosis as well as types of pedicle screw used. Compatibilities and stabilities of pedicle screws with bone depend on design (thread design, length, and diameter) and material. Grip length and pullout strength affect the motion and stability of the spine when it goes through different phases such as extension, flexion, and rotation. Pullout strength of augmented pedicle screws is increased in both primary and salvage procedures by 119% (p = 0.001) and 162% (p = 0.01), respectively. Self-centering pedicle screws at different trajectories (0°, 10°, 20°, and 30°) show the same pullout strength as insertion in a straight-ahead trajectory. The outer cylindrical and inner conical shape of pedicle screws show the highest pullout strength in Grades 5 and 15 foams (synthetic bone). An outer cylindrical and inner conical shape with a V-shape thread exhibit the highest pullout strength in all foam grades. The maximum observed pullout strength is at axial pullout configuration at 0°. For Grade 15 (240 kg/m³) foam, there is a decline in pull out strength. The largest decrease in pullout strength is reported for Grade 10 (160 kg/m³) foam. The maximum pullout strength of 2176 N (0.32-g/cm³ Sawbones) on all densities. Type 1 Pedicle screw shows the best fixation due to smaller conical core diameter and smaller thread pitch (Screw 2 with 2 mm; Screws 1 and 3 with 3 mm). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymethylmethacrylate" title="polymethylmethacrylate">polymethylmethacrylate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMMA" title=" PMMA"> PMMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classical%20pedicle%20screws" title=" classical pedicle screws"> classical pedicle screws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CPS" title=" CPS"> CPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expandable%20poly-ether-ether-ketone%20shell" title=" expandable poly-ether-ether-ketone shell"> expandable poly-ether-ether-ketone shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPEEKS" title=" EPEEKS"> EPEEKS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=includes%20translaminar%20facet%20screw" title=" includes translaminar facet screw"> includes translaminar facet screw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TLFS" title=" TLFS"> TLFS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly-ether-ether-ketone" title=" poly-ether-ether-ketone"> poly-ether-ether-ketone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEEK" title=" PEEK"> PEEK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfacetopedicular%20screw" title=" transfacetopedicular screw"> transfacetopedicular screw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TFPS" title=" TFPS "> TFPS </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108357/a-review-on-development-of-pedicle-screws-and-characterization-of-biomaterials-for-fixation-in-lumbar-spine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108357.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Evaluation of Complications Observed in Porcelain Fused to Metal Crowns Placed at a Teaching Institution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shizrah%20Jamal">Shizrah Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robia%20Ghafoor"> Robia Ghafoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhan%20Raza"> Farhan Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Porcelain fused to metal crown is the most versatile variety of crown that is commonly placed worldwide. Various complications have been reported in the PFM crowns with use over the period of time. These include chipping of the porcelain, recurrent caries, loss of retention, open contacts, and tooth fracture. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of these complications in crowns cemented over a period of five years in a tertiary care hospital and also to report the survival of these crowns. A retrospective study was conducted in Dental clinics, Aga Khan University Hospital in which 150 PFM crowns cemented over a period of five years were evaluated. Patient demographics, oral hygiene habits, para-functional habits, crown insertion and follow-up dates were recorded in a specially designed proforma. All PFM crowns fulfilling the inclusion criteria were assessed both clinically and radiographically for the presence of any complication. SPSS version 22.0 was used for statistical analysis. Frequency distribution and proportion of complications were determined. Chi-square test was used to determine the association of complications of PFM crowns with multiple variables including tooth wear, opposing dentition and betel nut chewing. Kaplan- meier survival analysis was used to determine the survival of PFM crowns over the period of five years. Level of significance was kept at 0.05. A total of 107 patients, with a mean age of 43.51 + 12.4 years, having 150 PFM crowns were evaluated. The most common complication observed was open proximal contacts (8.7%) followed by porcelain chipping (6%), decementation (5.3%), and abutment fracture (1.3%). Chi square test showed that there was no statistically significant association of PFM crown complication with tooth wear, betel nut and opposing dentition (p-value <0.05). The overall success and survival rates of PFM crowns turned out to be 78.7 and 84.7% respectively. Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that PFM crowns are an effective treatment modality with high success and survival rates. Since it was a single centered study; the results should be generalized with caution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chipping" title="chipping">chipping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication" title=" complication"> complication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crown" title=" crown"> crown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival%20rate" title=" survival rate"> survival rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92406/evaluation-of-complications-observed-in-porcelain-fused-to-metal-crowns-placed-at-a-teaching-institution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=3" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">4</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=5" 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