Megengan atau Tradisi Penyambutan Ramadhan dalam Islam

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class="sosmed"> <strong>Bagikan </strong> <input type="hidden" name="realURL" id="realURL" value="http://www.nu.or.id/post/read/106168/megengan-atau-tradisi-penyambutan-ramadhan-dalam-islam"/> <input type="hidden" name="shortURL" id="shortURL" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="sosDesc" id="sosDesc" value="Redaksi NU Online, sebelum masuk bulan Ramadhan masyarakat biasa mengadakan upacara kirim arwah dengan bacaan tahlil"/> <input type="hidden" name="sosName" id="sosName" value="Megengan atau Tradisi Penyambutan Ramadhan dalam Islam"/> <input type="hidden" name="sosPic" id="sosPic" value="http://www.nu.or.id/o-client/nu_or_id/pictures/post/mid/15577608805cd98b70097be.jpg"/> <input type="hidden" name="sosCap" id="sosCap" value=" (Foto: @3jawakers.wordpress.com) "/> <a href="javascript:share_fb()" class="af-icon farounded fb"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a> <a href="javascript:share_tw()" class="af-icon farounded tw"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a> <a href="" class="af-icon farounded gp"><i class="fa fa-google-plus"></i></a> </p> </div> <div id="konten_detil" style="z-index:2;"> <div> <div class="s-foto" style="position: relative;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190522052602im_/http://www.nu.or.id/o-client/nu_or_id/pictures/post/big/15577608805cd98b70097be.jpg" alt="Megengan atau Tradisi Penyambutan Ramadhan dalam Islam" style="width:100%;"> <div style="position: absolute;background:#ccc;width:100%;bottom:0px;padding:10px;opacity: 0.8;filter: alpha(opacity=80);">(Foto: @3jawakers.wordpress.com)</div> </div> <div class="s-post"><div><span style="font-style: italic;">Assalamu alaikum wr. wb.</span><br></div><div>Redaksi <span style="font-style: italic;">NU Online</span>, sebelum masuk bulan Ramadhan masyarakat biasa mengadakan upacara kirim arwah dengan bacaan tahlil dan Surat Yasin? Orang Aceh menyebutnya meugang. Sementara orang Jawa menyebutnya megeng. Upacara ini diadakan dalam rangka menyambut kedatangan bulan Ramadhan. Bagaimana Islam memandang tradisi ini? Mohon penjelasannya. <span style="font-style: italic;">Wassalamu alaikum wr. wb.</span> (Sofyan/Jakarta).</div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-weight: bold;">Jawaban</span></div><div>Penanya yang budiman, semoga dirahmati Allah SWT. Tradisi meugangan atau megengan berkembang juga di masyarakat Melayu selain di Aceh dan di Jawa. Dalam menyambut bulan suci Ramadhan, mereka biasanya berkumpul bersama keluarga, makan bersama, dan membaca zikir dan tahlil untuk arwah keluarga mereka yang telah wafat.</div><div><br></div><div>Selain itu, masyarakat juga melakukan ziarah kubur dan menggelar sedekah massal di masjid atau mushalla. Ada juga masyarakat yang melakukan kunjungan silaturahmi. Semuanya ini dilakukan dalam rangka menyambut gembira bulan suci Ramadhan.</div><div><br></div><div>Bagaimana Islam memandang hal seperti ini?</div><div><br></div><div>Riwayat Imam Ahmad dan An-Nasa’i mengabarkan kepada kita bahwa Rasulullah SAW juga mengekspresikan kegembiraannya kepada para sahabat perihal kedatangan bulan suci Ramadhan sebagaimana dikutip berikut ini:</div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: 18px;">وَقَدْ كَانَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُبَشِّرُ أَصْحَابَهُ بِقُدُوْمِ رَمَضَانَ كَمَا أَخْرَجَهُ الإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَلَفْظُهُ لَهُ قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُبَشِّرُ أَصْحَابَهُ بِقُدُوْمِ رَمَضَانَ بِقَوْلِ قَدْ جَاءَكُمْ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرٌ مُبَارَكٌ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامُهُ تُفْتَحُ فِيهِ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ وَتُغْلَقُ فِيهِ أَبْوَابُ الْجَحِيمِ وَتُغَلُّ فِيهِ الشَّيَاطِينُ فِيهِ لَيْلَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ مَنْ حَرُمَ خَيْرَهَا فَقَدْ حَرُمَ الخَيْرَ الكَثِيْرَ</span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><br></div><div>Artinya, “Rasulullah SAW memberikan kabar gembira kepada para sahabat atas kedatangan bulan Ramadhan sebagaimana riwayat Imam Ahmad dan An-Nasai dari Abu Hurairah RA. Ia menceritakan bahwa Rasulullah memberikan kabar gembira atas kedatangan bulan Ramadhan dengan sabdanya, ‘Bulan Ramadhan telah mendatangi kalian, sebuah bulan penuh berkah di mana kalian diwajibkan berpuasa di dalamnya, sebuah bulan di mana pintu langit dibuka, pintu neraka Jahim ditutup, setan-setan diikat, dan sebuah bulan di mana di dalamnya terdapat malam yang nilainya lebih baik dari seribu bulan. Siapa saja yang luput dari kebaikannya, maka ia telah luput dari kebaikan yang banyak,’” (Lihat Az-Zarqani, <span style="font-style: italic;">Syarah Az-Zarqani alal Mawahibil Ladunniyah bil Minahil Muhammadiyyah</span>, [Beirut, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah: 1996 M/1417 H], juz XI, halaman 222).</div><div><br></div><div>Bagi sebagian ulama, hadits ini menjadi dasar hukum bagi masyarakat yang mengekspresikan kegembiraan perihal kedatangan bulan suci Ramadhan. Hadits ini membuktikan bahwa satu sama lain boleh bergembira atas kedatangan bulan Ramadhan dan mereka dapat memberikan kabar gembira kepada yang lain.</div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: 18px;">قال بعض العلماء هذا الحديث أصل في تهنئة الناس بعضهم بعضا بشهر رمضان</span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><br></div><div>Artinya, “Sebagian ulama berpendapat bahwa hadits ini menjadi dasar atas praktik penyambutan yang dilakukan seseorang terhadap orang lain atas kedatangan bulan Ramadhan,” (Lihat Az-Zarqani, <span style="font-style: italic;">Syarah Az-Zarqani alal Mawahibil Ladunniyah bil Minahil Muhammadiyyah</span>, [Beirut, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah: 1996 M/1417 H], juz XI, halaman 223).</div><div><br></div><div>Adapun Al-Qamuli mengatakan bahwa ulama berbeda pendapat perihal hukum ucapan selamat atas hari Id, pergantian tahun, dan pergantian bulan yang diamalkan masyarakat. Tetapi yang jelas sejauh tradisi itu hanya berisi ucapan selamat datang atas bulan yang mulia tidak termasuk kategori sunnah atau bid’ah.</div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: 18px;">قال قمولي في الجواهر لم أر لأحد من أصحابنا كلاما في التهنئة بالعيد والأعوام والأشهر كما يفعله الناس لكن نقله الحافظ المنذري عن الحافظ أبي الحسن المقدسي أن الناس لم يزالوا مختلفين فيه والذي أراه أنه مباح لا سنة ولا بدعة انتهى</span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><br></div><div>Artinya, “Al-Qamuli dalam Kitab <span style="font-style: italic;">Al-Jawahir</span> mengatakan, ‘Saya tidak melihat pendapat para ulama kita perihal tahniah atau penyambutan gembira atas Hari Id, pergantian tahun, atau bulan sebagaimana dilakukan oleh banyak orang. Tetapi Al-Hafiz Al-Mundziri mengutipnya dari Al-Hafiz Abul Hasan Al-Maqdisi, ‘Orang-orang selalu berbeda pendapat perihal ini. Sedangkan pendapatku adalah bahwa hal itu mubah, bukan sunnah, bukan bid’ah.’ Selesai,’” (Lihat Az-Zarqani, <span style="font-style: italic;">Syarah Az-Zarqani alal Mawahibil Ladunniyah bil Minahil Muhammadiyyah</span>, [Beirut, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah: 1996 M/1417 H], juz XI, halaman 223).</div><div><br></div><div>Sementara pada hemat kami, praktik meugengan atau megengan di Aceh, Jawa, Melayu, dan pelbagai belahan Nusantara lainnya memuat hal-hal yang baik, yaitu zikir, tahlil, silaturahmi, makan bersama keluarga, ziarah kubur, dan sedekah yang semuanya secara umum memang dianjurkan kapan saja oleh agama Islam.</div><div><br></div><div>Demikian jawaban singkat kami. Semoga bisa dipahami dengan baik. Kami selalu terbuka dalam menerima kritik dan saran dari para pembaca.</div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-style: italic;">Wallahul muwaffiq ila aqwathih thariq,</span></div><div><span style="font-style: italic;">Wassalamu ’alaikum wr. wb.</span></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>(<span style="font-weight: bold;">Alhafiz Kurniawan</span>)</div></div> </div> </div> <p class="m-30">  </p> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="s-terkait"> <div class="s-title"><h3>Baca Juga</h3></div> <div class="s-konten"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 bra"> <div class="pst"> <div class="foto"> <a href="/web/20190522052602/http://www.nu.or.id/post/read/106175/fkip-uim-berbagi-takjil-ke-pengguna-jalan-"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190522052602im_/http://www.nu.or.id/o-client/nu_or_id/pictures/post/thumb/15577661985cd9a0362a289.jpg" alt="FKIP UIM Berbagi Takjil ke Pengguna Jalan"></a> </div> <p><a 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