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Cilindree - Wikipedia

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Disponibil în 30 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enjinverplasing" title="Enjinverplasing – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Enjinverplasing" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83" title="إزاحة المحرك – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إزاحة المحرك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapremina_motora" title="Zapremina motora – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zapremina motora" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilindrada" title="Cilindrada – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cilindrada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zdvihov%C3%BD_objem" title="Zdvihový objem – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zdvihový objem" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slagvolumen_(motor)" title="Slagvolumen (motor) – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Slagvolumen (motor)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubraum" title="Hubraum – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hubraum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_displacement" title="Engine displacement – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Engine displacement" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilindrada" title="Cilindrada – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cilindrada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="حجم موتور – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حجم موتور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iskutilavuus" title="Iskutilavuus – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Iskutilavuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylindr%C3%A9e" title="Cylindrée – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cylindrée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obujam_motora" title="Obujam motora – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Obujam motora" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapasitas_mesin" title="Kapasitas mesin – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapasitas mesin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilindrata" title="Cilindrata – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cilindrata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%B0%97%E9%87%8F" title="排気量 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="排気量" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B0%EA%B8%B0%EB%9F%89" title="배기량 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="배기량" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilinderinhoud" title="Cilinderinhoud – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cilinderinhoud" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slagvolum_(motor)" title="Slagvolum (motor) – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Slagvolum (motor)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obj%C4%99to%C5%9B%C4%87_skokowa" title="Objętość skokowa – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Objętość skokowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilindrada" title="Cilindrada – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cilindrada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%91%D0%BC" title="Рабочий объём – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рабочий объём" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zdvihov%C3%BD_objem" title="Zdvihový objem – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zdvihový objem" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delovna_prostornina" title="Delovna prostornina – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Delovna prostornina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slagvolym" title="Slagvolym – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Slagvolym" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_hacmi" title="Motor hacmi – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Motor hacmi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%27%D1%94%D0%BC" title="Робочий об&#039;єм – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Робочий об&#039;єм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvigatel_litraji" title="Dvigatel litraji – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dvigatel litraji" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dung_t%C3%ADch_xi_lanh" title="Dung tích xi lanh – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dung tích xi lanh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%B0%94%E9%87%8F" title="排气量 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="排气量" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cilindree"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilindree&amp;veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilindree&amp;action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilindree&amp;action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. 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(dif) | Versiunea următoare → (dif)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-notice ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Blue_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Blue_question_mark.svg/40px-Blue_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Blue_question_mark.svg/60px-Blue_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Blue_question_mark.svg/80px-Blue_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol are nevoie de ajutorul dumneavoastră.</b><br /> Puteți <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cum_scriu_un_articol" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Cum scriu un articol">contribui</a> la dezvoltarea și îmbunătățirea lui apăsând butonul <b><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cilindree&amp;action=edit">Modificare</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Displacement.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Displacement.gif/200px-Displacement.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Displacement.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption> Cu culoarea portocalie este marcată cilindreea unui <a href="/wiki/Motor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83" title="Motor cu ardere internă">motor cu ardere internă</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Cilindreea unitară</b> (pe scurt: <b>cilindree</b>) este <a href="/wiki/Volum" class="mw-redirect" title="Volum">volumul</a> generat prin deplasarea <a href="/wiki/Piston" title="Piston">pistonului</a> în timpul unei curse.<sup id="cite_ref-BG_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BG-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>La mașinile de forță, cu pistoane care se deplasează rectiliniu alternativ în spații cu secțiune circulară („cilindrii”) (cvasitotalitatea <a href="/wiki/Motor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83" title="Motor cu ardere internă">motoarelor cu ardere internă</a> actuale), ea este volumul unui <a href="/wiki/Cilindru_motor" title="Cilindru motor">cilindru</a>, a cărui bază este <a href="/wiki/Arie" title="Arie">secțiunea</a> acestui cilindru, <i>A</i>, având diametrul <i>D</i> (<i>alezajul</i>), iar înălțimea este distanța parcursă între cele două puncte între care circulă pistonul (<i>cursa, S</i>) &#8211; distanța dintre punctul mort inferior (PMI) și punctul mort superior (PMS).<sup id="cite_ref-BG_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BG-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A=\pi {\frac {D^{2}}{4}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>&#x03C0;<!-- π --></mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A=\pi {\frac {D^{2}}{4}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6e1e2dfc4a52d854a7b10419121d89947943db50" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:9.988ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A=\pi {\frac {D^{2}}{4}}}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{s}=A\cdot S}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>&#x22C5;<!-- ⋅ --></mo> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{s}=A\cdot S}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a86a8712c9264b05e11481cd042f7c196823b73b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.378ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{s}=A\cdot S}"></span></dd></dl> <p><b>Cilindreea totală</b> a unui motor, este suma cilindreelor tuturor cilindrilor. Dacă aceștia sunt egali (nu e obligatoriu, dar e uzual), cilindreea totală se poate calcula cu relația: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{t}=V_{s}\cdot i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x22C5;<!-- ⋅ --></mo> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{t}=V_{s}\cdot i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d965fac458d430c2eb809b76ccdc6586b459e26e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.12ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{t}=V_{s}\cdot i}"></span></dd></dl> <p>unde <i>i</i> este numărul de cilindri.<sup id="cite_ref-BG_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BG-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>În funcție de cursa pistonului <i>S</i>, dacă ea este egală cu alezajul <i>D</i>, în jargon se spune despre motor că este <i>pătrat</i>, iar dacă este mai scurtă decât alezajul, că motorul este <i>superpătrat</i>. În limba <a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Română">română</a> nu există un termen încetățenit pentru cazul când cursa este mai mare ca alezajul, caz considerat „normal”. Deoarece raportul dintre cursă și alezaj nu intervine nicăieri în relațiile de calcul ale motoarelor, iar proprietățile motoarelor variază continuu cu raportul <i>S/D</i> și nu există vreo discontinuitate în cazul „motoarelor pătrate”, noțiunea nu are rost și nu este folosită în lucrările academice. În general, scăderea raportului <i>S/D</i> permite, la aceeași cilindree, creșterea turației maxime datorită scăderii vitezei medii a pistonului, parametru care prezintă interes pentru motoarele de curse, creșterea performanței privind puterea fiind „plătită” de scăderea drastică a durabilității și <a href="/wiki/Fiabilitate" title="Fiabilitate">fiabilității</a> motorului. Tot în limbajul atelierelor, prin transformarea motorului ca „pătrat” (sau „superpătrat”) se înțelege de fapt majorarea alezajului (la motoarele unde acest lucru este posibil), ceea ce duce la sporirea puterii prin creșterea cilindreei. Folosirea unor pistoane majorate (conform noului alezaj) mărește forțele din <a href="/wiki/Biel%C4%83" title="Bielă">bielă</a> și din toate celelalte organe ale motorului, reducând și în acest caz durabilitatea și fiabilitatea lui. </p><p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorul_cu_pistoane_duble&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorul cu pistoane duble — pagină inexistentă">motorul cu pistoane duble</a> (motoare Puch &#8212; nefabricându-se niciun motor de acest fel în România, limba română n-a simțit nevoia creării unui termen pentru el), unde doi cilindri au o cameră de ardere împreună, cilindreea totală este suma cilindreelor celor doi cilindri. Soluția, folosită la <a href="/wiki/Motociclet%C4%83" title="Motocicletă">motociclete</a> nu este însă optimă din punct de vedere al proceselor de ardere. </p><p>La mașinile de forță, a căror pistoane au tija prin piston (exemplu: <a href="/wiki/Locomotiv%C4%83_cu_abur" title="Locomotivă cu abur">locomotivă cu abur</a>), este necesară scăderea volumului tijei din cel al cilindrului. </p><p>Există și alte forme ale spațiului de lucru al pistonului, de exemplu la <a href="/wiki/Motorul_Wankel" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorul Wankel">motorul Wankel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorul_Kauertz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorul Kauertz — pagină inexistentă">motorul Kauertz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorul_toroidal&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorul toroidal — pagină inexistentă">motorul toroidal</a> etc. Prin extensie, la toate se folosește expresia „cilindree” conform definiției de la început. </p><p>Ca <a href="/wiki/Unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83" title="Unitate de măsură">unități de măsură</a> a cilindreei motoarelor se folosesc <a href="/wiki/Metru_cub" title="Metru cub">cm³</a>, dm³ sau <a href="/wiki/Litru" title="Litru">litrul</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilindree&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilindree&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BG-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Berthold Grünwald, <i>Teoria, calculul și construcția motoarelor pentru autovehicule rutiere</i>, București: Editura Didactică și Pedagogică, 1980, p. 21</span> </li> </ol></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐74dc4d995d‐n6sjw Cached time: 20241103070418 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.090 seconds Real time usage: 0.256 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 257/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2205/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 686/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4349/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.011/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 641454/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 74.832 1 Format:Ajutor 100.00% 74.832 1 -total 97.70% 73.114 1 Format:Meta-casetăma 47.74% 35.728 1 Format:Meta-casetă/core 44.24% 33.104 1 Format:Category_handler 2.06% 1.540 3 Format:Meta-casetă/category --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key rowiki:pcache:idhash:485148-0!canonical and timestamp 20241103070418 and revision id 12944953. 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