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turning</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: diamond turning"> <meta name="keywords" content="diamond turning"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="diamond turning"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 439</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: diamond turning</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">439</span> Ultra-High Precision Diamond Turning of Infrared Lenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Abou-El-Hossein">Khaled Abou-El-Hossein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presentation will address the features of two IR convex lenses that have been manufactured using an ultra-high precision machining centre based on single-point diamond turning. The lenses are made from silicon and germanium with a radius of curvature of 500 mm. Because of the brittle nature of silicon and germanium, machining parameters were selected in such a way that ductile regime was achieved. The cutting speed was 800 rpm while the feed rate and depth cut were 20 mm/min and 20 um, respectively. Although both materials comprise a mono-crystalline microstructure and are quite similar in terms of optical properties, machining of silicon was accompanied with more difficulties in terms of form accuracy compared to germanium machining. The P-V error of the silicon profile was 0.222 um while it was only 0.055 um for the germanium lens. This could be attributed to the accelerated wear that takes place on the tool edge when turning mono-crystalline silicon. Currently, we are using other ranges of the machining parameters in order to determine their optimal range that could yield satisfactory performance in terms of form accuracy when fabricating silicon lenses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20turning" title="diamond turning">diamond turning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20surfaces" title=" optical surfaces"> optical surfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20machining" title=" precision machining"> precision machining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20roughness" title=" surface roughness"> surface roughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61253/ultra-high-precision-diamond-turning-of-infrared-lenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">438</span> Property of Diamond Coated Tools for Lapping Single-Crystal Sapphire Wafer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Wei">Feng Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Wenzhuang"> Lu Wenzhuang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cai%20Wenjun"> Cai Wenjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Yaping"> Yu Yaping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basnet%20Rabin"> Basnet Rabin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuo%20Dunwen"> Zuo Dunwen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diamond coatings were prepared on cemented carbide by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method. Lapping experiment of single-crystal sapphire wafer was carried out using the prepared diamond coated tools. The diamond coatings and machined surface of the sapphire wafer were evaluated by SEM, laser confocal microscope and Raman spectrum. The results indicate that the lapping sapphire chips are small irregular debris and long thread-like debris. There is graphitization of diamond crystal during the lapping process. A low surface roughness can be obtained using a spherical grain diamond coated tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lapping" title="lapping">lapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-micro%20crystalline%20diamond%20coating" title=" nano-micro crystalline diamond coating"> nano-micro crystalline diamond coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectrum" title=" Raman spectrum"> Raman spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sapphire" title=" sapphire"> sapphire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21218/property-of-diamond-coated-tools-for-lapping-single-crystal-sapphire-wafer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">437</span> Retention Properties of the Matrix Material Fe-Mn-Cu-Sn-C in Relation to Diamond Particles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%C5%BCbieta%20Cygan-B%C4%85czek">Elżbieta Cygan-Bączek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Wy%C5%BCga"> Piotr Wyżga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C5%82awomir%20Cygan"> Sławomir Cygan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the presented work, the main goal was to investigate the retention properties, defined as the ability of the matrix material to hold diamond particles in relation to metallized (Ti, Si, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni) and non-metallized diamond crystals. For this purpose, diamond-impregnated specimens were tested for wear rate on abrasive sandstone using a test rig specially designed to simulate tool application conditions. The tests that involved 3- and 2-body abrasion ranked the alloys in different orders. The ability of the matrix to retain diamond crystals was determined using the electron microskopy (SEM, TEM). The specimens were also characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and hardness. The conducted research has shown that Si and Ti metallized diamonds, apart from mechanical jamming in the matrix, are also connected in a metallurgical manner, ensuring the improvement of the retention properties of the matrix material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond" title="diamond">diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallic-diamond%20segments" title=" metallic-diamond segments"> metallic-diamond segments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retention" title=" retention"> retention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abrasive%20wear%20resistance" title=" abrasive wear resistance"> abrasive wear resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148145/retention-properties-of-the-matrix-material-fe-mn-cu-sn-c-in-relation-to-diamond-particles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">436</span> Modeling and Simulation of Pad Surface Topography by Diamond Dressing in Chemical-Mechanical Polishing Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Chen%20Chao-Chang">A.Chen Chao-Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phong%20Pham-Quoc"> Phong Pham-Quoc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) process has been widely applied on fabricating integrated circuits (IC) with a soft polishing pad combined with slurry composed of micron or nano-scaled abrasives for generating chemical reaction to remove substrate or film materials from wafer. During CMP process, pad uniformity usually works as a datum surface of wafer planarization and pad asperities can dominate the microscopic pad-slurry-wafer interaction. However, pad topography can be changed by related mechanism factors of CMP and it needs to be re-conditioned or dressed by a diamond dresser of well-distributed diamond grits on a disc surface. It is still very complicated to analyze and understand kinematic of diamond dressing process under the effects of input variables including oscillatory of diamond dresser and rotation speed ratio between the pad and the diamond dresser. This paper has developed a generic geometric model to clarify the kinematic modeling of diamond dressing processes such as dresser/pad motion, pad cutting locus, the relative velocity of the diamond abrasive grits on pad surface, and overlap of cutting for prediction of pad surface topography. Simulation results focus on comparing and analysis kinematics of the diamond dressing on certain CMP tools. Results have shown the significant parameters for diamond dressing process and also discussed. Future study can apply on diamond dresser design and experimental verification of pad dressing process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematic%20modeling" title="kinematic modeling">kinematic modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20dresser" title=" diamond dresser"> diamond dresser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pad%20cutting%20locus" title=" pad cutting locus"> pad cutting locus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMP" title=" CMP"> CMP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50957/modeling-and-simulation-of-pad-surface-topography-by-diamond-dressing-in-chemical-mechanical-polishing-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">435</span> Computational Quantum Mechanics Study of Oxygen as Substitutional Atom in Diamond</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Etmimi">K. M. Etmimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Sghayer"> A. A. Sghayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Gsiea"> A. M. Gsiea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Abutruma"> A. M. Abutruma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Relatively few chemical species can be incorporated into diamond during CVD growth, and until recently the uptake of oxygen was thought to be low perhaps as a consequence of a short surface residence time. Within the literature, there is speculation regarding spectroscopic evidence for O in diamond, but no direct evidence. For example, the N3 and OK1 EPR centres have been tentatively assigned models made up from complexes of substitutional N and substitutional oxygen. In this study, we report density-functional calculations regarding the stability, electronic structures, geometry and hyperfine interaction of substitutional oxygen in diamond and show that the C2v, S=1 configuration very slightly lower in energy than the other configurations (C3v, Td, and C2v with S=0). The electronic structure of O in diamond generally gives rise to two defect-related energy states in the band gap one a non-degenerate a1 state lying near the middle of the energy gap and the other a threefold-degenerate t2 state located close to the conduction band edges. The anti-bonding a1 and t2 states will be occupied by one to three electrons for O+, O and O− respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen" title=" oxygen"> oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond" title=" diamond"> diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperfine" title=" hyperfine"> hyperfine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19564/computational-quantum-mechanics-study-of-oxygen-as-substitutional-atom-in-diamond" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">434</span> Nitrogen-Doped Ultrananocrystalline Diamond/Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Composite Films Prepared by Coaxial Arc Plasma Deposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrahman%20Zkria">Abdelrahman Zkria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsuyoshi%20Yoshitake"> Tsuyoshi Yoshitake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diamond is one of the most interesting semiconducting carbon materials owing to its unique physical and chemical properties, yet its application in electronic devices is limited due to the difﬁculty of realizing n-type conduction by nitrogen doping. In contrast Ultrananocrystalline diamond with diamond grains of about 3–5 nm in diameter have attracted much attention for device-oriented applications because they may enable the realization of n-type doping with nitrogen. In this study, nitrogen-doped Ultra-Nanocrystalline diamond films were prepared by coaxial arc plasma deposition (CAPD) method, the nitrogen content was estimated by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The electrical conductivity increased with increasing nitrogen contents. Heterojunction diodes with p-type Si were fabricated and evaluated based on current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics measured in dark at room temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterojunction%20diodes" title="heterojunction diodes">heterojunction diodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hopping%20conduction%20mechanism" title=" hopping conduction mechanism"> hopping conduction mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen-doping" title=" nitrogen-doping"> nitrogen-doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra-nanocrystalline%20diamond" title=" ultra-nanocrystalline diamond"> ultra-nanocrystalline diamond</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44205/nitrogen-doped-ultrananocrystalline-diamondhydrogenated-amorphous-carbon-composite-films-prepared-by-coaxial-arc-plasma-deposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">433</span> Cyclic Etching Process Using Inductively Coupled Plasma for Polycrystalline Diamond on AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haolun%20Sun">Haolun Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping%20Wang"> Ping Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei%20Wu"> Mei Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng%20Zhang"> Meng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Hou"> Bin Hou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ling%20Yang"> Ling Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohua%20Ma"> Xiaohua Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yue%20Hao"> Yue Hao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gallium nitride (GaN) is an attractive material for next-generation power devices. It is noted that the performance of GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) is always limited by the self-heating effect. In response to the problem, integrating devices with polycrystalline diamond (PCD) has been demonstrated to be an efficient way to alleviate the self-heating issue of the GaN-based HEMTs. Among all the heat-spreading schemes, using PCD to cap the epitaxial layer before the HEMTs process is one of the most effective schemes. Now, the mainstream method of fabricating the PCD-capped HEMTs is to deposit the diamond heat-spreading layer on the AlGaN surface, which is covered by a thin nucleation dielectric/passivation layer. To achieve the pattern etching of the diamond heat spreader and device preparation, we selected SiN as the hard mask for diamond etching, which was deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The conventional diamond etching method first uses F-based etching to remove the SiN from the special window region, followed by using O₂/Ar plasma to etch the diamond. However, the results of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and focused ion beam microscopy (FIB) show that there are lots of diamond pillars on the etched diamond surface. Through our study, we found that it was caused by the high roughness of the diamond surface and the existence of the overlap between the diamond grains, which makes the etching of the SiN hard mask insufficient and leaves micro-masks on the diamond surface. Thus, a cyclic etching method was proposed to solve the problem of the residual SiN, which was left in the F-based etching. We used F-based etching during the first step to remove the SiN hard mask in the specific region; then, the O₂/Ar plasma was introduced to etch the diamond in the corresponding region. These two etching steps were set as one cycle. After the first cycle, we further used cyclic etching to clear the pillars, in which the F-based etching was used to remove the residual SiN, and then the O₂/Ar plasma was used to etch the diamond. Whether to take the next cyclic etching depends on whether there are still SiN micro-masks left. By using this method, we eventually achieved the self-terminated etching of the diamond and the smooth surface after the etching. These results demonstrate that the cyclic etching method can be successfully applied to the integrated preparation of polycrystalline diamond thin films and GaN HEMTs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AlGaN%2FGaN%20heterojunction" title="AlGaN/GaN heterojunction">AlGaN/GaN heterojunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O%E2%82%82%2FAr%20plasma" title=" O₂/Ar plasma"> O₂/Ar plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20etching" title=" cyclic etching"> cyclic etching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycrystalline%20diamond" title=" polycrystalline diamond"> polycrystalline diamond</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159880/cyclic-etching-process-using-inductively-coupled-plasma-for-polycrystalline-diamond-on-algangan-heterostructure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159880.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">432</span> Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) of CNC Turning Center</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20B.%20Patil">R. B. Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Kothavale"> B. S. Kothavale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Y.%20Waghmode"> L. Y. Waghmode</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, the CNC turning center becomes an important machine tool for manufacturing industry worldwide. However, as the breakdown of a single CNC turning center may result in the production of an entire plant being halted. For this reason, operations and preventive maintenance have to be minimized to ensure availability of the system. Indeed, improving the availability of the CNC turning center as a whole, objectively leads to a substantial reduction in production loss, operating, maintenance and support cost. In this paper, fault tree analysis (FTA) method is used for reliability analysis of CNC turning center. The major faults associated with the system and the causes for the faults are presented graphically. Boolean algebra is used for evaluating fault tree (FT) diagram and for deriving governing reliability model for CNC turning center. Failure data over a period of six years has been collected and used for evaluating the model. Qualitative and quantitative analysis is also carried out to identify critical sub-systems and components of CNC turning center. It is found that, at the end of the warranty period (one year), the reliability of the CNC turning center as a whole is around 0.61628. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20tree%20analysis%20%28FTA%29" title="fault tree analysis (FTA)">fault tree analysis (FTA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20analysis" title=" reliability analysis"> reliability analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazard%20analysis" title=" hazard analysis"> hazard analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41777/fault-tree-analysis-fta-of-cnc-turning-center" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">431</span> Carbon Nanofilms on Diamond for All-Carbon Chemical Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivek%20Kumar">Vivek Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20M.%20Zaitsev"> Alexander M. Zaitsev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study on chemical sensing properties of carbon nanofilms on diamond for developing all-carbon chemical sensors is presented. The films were obtained by high temperature graphitization of diamond followed by successive plasma etchings. Characterization of the films was done by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electrical measurements. Fast and selective response to common organic vapors as seen as sensitivity of electrical conductance was observed. The phenomenological description of the chemical sensitivity is proposed as a function of the surface and bulk material properties of the films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20sensor" title="chemical sensor">chemical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanofilm" title=" carbon nanofilm"> carbon nanofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphitization%20of%20diamond" title=" graphitization of diamond"> graphitization of diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20etching" title=" plasma etching"> plasma etching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20force%20microscopy" title=" atomic force microscopy"> atomic force microscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20783/carbon-nanofilms-on-diamond-for-all-carbon-chemical-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">430</span> Effect of Microstructure on Wear Resistance of Polycrystalline Diamond Composite Cutter of Bit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fanyuan%20Shao">Fanyuan Shao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Liu"> Wei Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deli%20Gao"> Deli Gao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polycrystalline diamond composite (PDC) cutter is made of diamond powder as raw material, cobalt metal or non-metallic elements as a binder, mixed with WC cemented carbide matrix assembly, through high temperature and high-pressure sintering. PDC bits with PDC cutters are widely used in oil and gas drilling because of their high hardness, good wear resistance and excellent impact toughness. And PDC cutter is the main cutting tool of bit, which seriously affects the service of the PDC bit. The wear resistance of the PDC cutter is measured by cutting granite with a vertical turret lathe (VTL). This experiment can achieve long-distance cutting to obtain the relationship between the wear resistance of the PDC cutter and cutting distance, which is more closely to the real drilling situation. Load cell and 3D optical profiler were used to obtain the value of cutting forces and wear area, respectively, which can also characterize the damage and wear of the PDC cutter. PDC cutters were cut via electrical discharge machining (EDM) and then flattened and polished. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the distribution of binder cobalt and the size of diamond particles in a diamond PDC cutter. The cutting experimental results show that the wear area of the PDC cutter has a good linear relationship with the cutting distance. Simultaneously, the larger the wear area is and the greater the cutting forces are required to maintain the same cutting state. The size and distribution of diamond particles in the polycrystalline diamond layer have a great influence on the wear resistance of the diamond layer. And PDC cutter with fine diamond grains shows more wear resistance than that with coarse grains. The deep leaching process is helpful to reduce the effect of binder cobalt on the wear resistance of the polycrystalline diamond layer. The experimental study can provide an important basis for the application of PDC cutters in oil and gas drilling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycrystalline%20diamond%20compact" title="polycrystalline diamond compact">polycrystalline diamond compact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning%20electron%20microscope" title=" scanning electron microscope"> scanning electron microscope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20resistance" title=" wear resistance"> wear resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20distance" title=" cutting distance"> cutting distance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139046/effect-of-microstructure-on-wear-resistance-of-polycrystalline-diamond-composite-cutter-of-bit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">429</span> Movement of Metallic Inclusions in the Volume of Synthetic Diamonds at High Pressure and High Temperature in the Temperature Gradient Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20I.%20Yachevskaya">P. I. Yachevskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Terentiev"> S. A. Terentiev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Kuznetsov"> M. S. Kuznetsov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several synthetic HPHT diamonds with metal inclusions have been studied. To have possibility of investigate the movement and transformation of the inclusions in the volume of the diamond the samples parallele-piped like shape has been made out of diamond crystals. The calculated value of temperature gradient in the samples of diamond which was placed in high-pressure cell was about 5-10 grad/mm. Duration of the experiments was in range 2-16 hours. All samples were treated several times. It has been found that the volume (dimensions) of inclusions, temperature, temperature gradient and the crystallographic orientation of the samples in the temperature field affects the movement speed of inclusions. Maximum speed of inclusions’ movement reached a value 150 µm/h. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond" title="diamond">diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusions" title=" inclusions"> inclusions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20gradient" title=" temperature gradient"> temperature gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPHT" title=" HPHT"> HPHT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19108/movement-of-metallic-inclusions-in-the-volume-of-synthetic-diamonds-at-high-pressure-and-high-temperature-in-the-temperature-gradient-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">428</span> Possible Sulfur Induced Superconductivity in Nano-Diamond</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Mona">J. Mona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20R.%20da%20Silva"> R. R. da Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.-L.Cheng"> C.-L.Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Kopelevich"> Y. Kopelevich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report on a possible occurrence of superconductivity in 5 nm particle size diamond powders treated with sulfur (S) at 500 o C for 10 hours in ~10-2 Torr vacuum. Superconducting-like magnetization hysteresis loops M(H) have been measured up to ~ 50 K by means of the SQUID magnetometer (Quantum Design). Both X-ray (Θ-2Θ geometry) and Raman spectroscopy analyses revealed no impurity or additional phases. Nevertheless, the measured Raman spectra are characteristic to the diamond with embedded disordered carbon and/or graphitic fragments suggesting a link to the previous reports of the local or surface superconductivity in graphite- and amorphous carbon–sulfur composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanodiamond" title="nanodiamond">nanodiamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulfur" title=" sulfur"> sulfur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title=" superconductivity"> superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy "> Raman spectroscopy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14990/possible-sulfur-induced-superconductivity-in-nano-diamond" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">427</span> Production of Metal Matrix Composites with Diamond for Abrasive Cutting Resistance by Gas Infiltration Casting </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haydar%20S.%20Al%20Shabbani">Haydar S. Al Shabbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Marshall"> M. Marshall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Goodall"> R. Goodall </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have been explored for many applications for many decades. Recently, this includes investigations for thermal applications associated with electronics, such as in heat sinks. Here, to promote thermal conductivity, composites of a metal matrix with diamond particles are used. However, this class of composites has not yet been extensively examined for mechanical and tribological behavior, especially for applications that require extreme mechanical and tribological strength, such as the resistance to abrasive cutting. Therefore, this research seeks to develop a composite material with metal matrix and diamond particles which resist abrasive and cutting forces. The development progresses through a series of steps, exploring methods to process the material, understanding the mechanics of abrasive behavior and optimizing the composite structure to resist abrasive cutting. In processing, infiltration casting under gas pressure has been applied to molten aluminum to obtain a significant penetration of the metal into a preform of diamond particles. Different diamond particle sizes were used with different surface modifications (coated/uncoated), and to compare resulting composites with the same particle sizes. Al-1 wt.% Mg as a matrix alloy was utilised to investigate the possible effect of Mg on bonding phases during the infiltration process. The mechanical behavior and microstructure of the materials produced have been characterised. These tests showed that the surface modification of the diamond particles with a reactive material (Ti-coating) has an important role for enhancing the bonding between the aluminium matrix and diamond reinforcement as apparent under SEM observation. The effect of this improved bond is seen in the cutting resistance of the material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium" title="aluminium">aluminium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title=" composites"> composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond" title=" diamond"> diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti-coated" title=" Ti-coated"> Ti-coated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribology" title=" tribology"> tribology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73320/production-of-metal-matrix-composites-with-diamond-for-abrasive-cutting-resistance-by-gas-infiltration-casting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">426</span> An Analysis of New Service Interchange Designs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20E.%20Hummer">Joseph E. Hummer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An efficient freeway system will be essential to the development of Africa, and interchanges are a key to that efficiency. Around the world, many interchanges between freeways and surface streets, called service interchanges, are of the diamond configuration, and interchanges using roundabouts or loop ramps are also popular. However, many diamond interchanges have serious operational problems, interchanges with roundabouts fail at high demand levels, and loops use lots of expensive land. Newer service interchange designs provide other options. The most popular new interchange design in the US at the moment is the double crossover diamond (DCD), also known as the diverging diamond. The DCD has enormous potential, but also has several significant limitations. The objectives of this paper are to review new service interchange options and to highlight some of the main features of those alternatives. The paper tests four conventional and seven unconventional designs using seven measures related to efficiency, cost, and safety. The results show that there is no superior design in all measures investigated. The DCD is better than most designs tested on most measures examined. However, the DCD was only superior to all other designs for bridge width. The DCD performed relatively poorly for capacity and for serving pedestrians. Based on the results, African freeway designers are encouraged to investigate the full range of alternatives that could work at the spot of interest. Diamonds and DCDs have their niches, but some of the other designs investigated could be optimum at some spots. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interchange" title="interchange">interchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond" title=" diamond"> diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diverging%20diamond" title=" diverging diamond"> diverging diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity" title=" capacity"> capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title=" cost"> cost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12953/an-analysis-of-new-service-interchange-designs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">425</span> Preparation and Cutting Performance of Boron-Doped Diamond Coating on Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools with High Cobalt Content</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaozhi%20Liu">Zhaozhi Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Xu"> Feng Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junhua%20Xu"> Junhua Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaolong%20Tang"> Xiaolong Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Liu"> Ying Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dunwen%20Zuo"> Dunwen Zuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond coated cutting tool has excellent cutting performance, it is the most ideal tool for the processing of nonferrous metals and alloys, composites, nonmetallic materials and other difficult-to-machine materials efficiently and accurately. Depositing CVD diamond coating on the cemented carbide with high cobalt content can improve its toughness and strength, therefore, it is very important to research on the preparation technology and cutting properties of CVD diamond coated cemented carbide cutting tool with high cobalt content. The preparation technology of boron-doped diamond (BDD) coating has been studied and the coated drills were prepared. BDD coating were deposited on the drills by using the optimized parameters and the SEM results show that there are no cracks or collapses in the coating. Cutting tests with the prepared drills against the silumin and aluminum base printed circuit board (PCB) have been studied. The results show that the wear amount of the coated drill is small and the machined surface has a better precision. The coating does not come off during the test, which shows good adhesion and cutting performance of the drill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cemented%20carbide%20with%20high%20cobalt%20content" title="cemented carbide with high cobalt content">cemented carbide with high cobalt content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CVD%20boron-doped%20diamond" title=" CVD boron-doped diamond"> CVD boron-doped diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20test" title=" cutting test"> cutting test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drill" title=" drill"> drill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20081/preparation-and-cutting-performance-of-boron-doped-diamond-coating-on-cemented-carbide-cutting-tools-with-high-cobalt-content" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">424</span> Assessment of Work Postures and Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Diamond Polishers in Botswana: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oanthata%20Jester%20Sealetsa">Oanthata Jester Sealetsa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richie%20Moalosi"> Richie Moalosi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are reported to be amongst the leading contributing factors of low productivity in many industries across the world, and the most affected being New Emerging Economies (NEC) such as Botswana. This is due to lack of expertise and resources to deal with existing ergonomics challenges. This study was aimed to evaluate occupational postures and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among diamond polishers in a diamond company in Botswana. A case study was conducted with about 106 diamond polishers in Gaborone, Botswana. A case study was chosen because it can investigate and explore an issue thoroughly and deeply, and record behaviour over time so changes in behaviour can be identified. The Corlett and Bishop Body Map was used to determine frequency of MSDs symptoms in different body parts of the workers. This was then followed by the use of the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) to evaluate the occupational postural risks of MSDs. Descriptive statistics, chi square, and logistic regression were used for data analysis. The results of the study reveal that workers experienced pain in the upper back, lower back, shoulders, neck, and wrists with the most pain reported in the upper back (44.6%) and lower back (44.2%). However, the mean REBA score of 6.07 suggests that sawing, bruiting and polishing were the most dangerous processes in diamond polishing. The study recommends that a redesign of the diamond polishing workstations is necessary to accommodate the anthropometry characteristic of Batswana (people from Botswana) to prevent the development of MSDs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Botswana" title=" Botswana"> Botswana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20polishing" title=" diamond polishing"> diamond polishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomics" title=" ergonomics"> ergonomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20disorders" title=" musculoskeletal disorders"> musculoskeletal disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20postural%20risks" title=" occupational postural risks"> occupational postural risks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92275/assessment-of-work-postures-and-prevalence-of-musculoskeletal-disorders-among-diamond-polishers-in-botswana-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">423</span> Manufacturing of Twist-Free Surfaces by Magnetism Aided Machining Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zs.%20Kov%C3%A1cs">Zs. Kovács</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zs.%20J.%20Viharos"> Zs. J. Viharos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kod%C3%A1csy"> J. Kodácsy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a well-known conventional finishing process, the grinding is commonly used to manufacture seal mating surfaces and bearing surfaces, but is also creates twisted surfaces. The machined surfaces by turning or grinding usually have twist structure on the surfaces, which can convey lubricants such as conveyor screw. To avoid this phenomenon, have to use special techniques or machines, for example start-stop turning, tangential turning, ultrasonic protection or special toll geometries. All of these solutions have high cost and difficult usability. In this paper, we describe a system and summarize the results of the experimental research carried out mainly in the field of Magnetic Abrasive Polishing (MAP) and Magnetic Roller Burnishing (MRB). These technologies are simple and also green while able to produce twist-free surfaces. During the tests, C45 normalized steel was used as workpiece material which was machined by simple and Wiper geometrical turning inserts in a CNC turning lathe. After the turning, the MAP and MRB technologies can be used directly to reduce the twist of surfaces. The evaluation was completed by advanced measuring and IT equipment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetism" title="magnetism">magnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finishing" title=" finishing"> finishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polishing" title=" polishing"> polishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roller%20burnishing" title=" roller burnishing"> roller burnishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twist-free" title=" twist-free"> twist-free</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54508/manufacturing-of-twist-free-surfaces-by-magnetism-aided-machining-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">576</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">422</span> Cutting Performance of BDD Coating on WC-Co Tools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Xu">Feng Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaozhi%20Liu"> Zhaozhi Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junhua%20Xu"> Junhua Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaolong%20Tang"> Xiaolong Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dunwen%20Zuo"> Dunwen Zuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond coated cutting tool has excellent cutting performance, it is the most ideal tool for the processing of nonferrous metals and alloys, composites, nonmetallic materials and other difficult-to-machine materials efficiently and accurately. Depositing CVD diamond coating on the cemented carbide with high cobalt content can improve its toughness and strength, therefore, it is very important to research on the preparation technology and cutting properties of CVD diamond coated cemented carbide cutting tool with high cobalt content. The preparation technology of boron-doped diamond (BDD) coating has been studied and the coated drills were prepared. BDD coating were deposited on the drills by using the optimized parameters and the SEM results show that there are no cracks or collapses in the coating. Cutting tests with the prepared drills against the silumin and aluminum base printed circuit board (PCB) have been studied. The results show that the wear amount of the coated drill is small and the machined surface has a better precision. The coating does not come off during the test, which shows good adhesion and cutting performance of the drill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cemented%20carbide%20with%20high%20cobalt%20content" title="cemented carbide with high cobalt content">cemented carbide with high cobalt content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CVD%20boron-doped%20diamond" title=" CVD boron-doped diamond"> CVD boron-doped diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20test" title=" cutting test"> cutting test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drill" title=" drill"> drill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23174/cutting-performance-of-bdd-coating-on-wc-co-tools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">421</span> Tool Damage and Adhesion Effects in Turning and Drilling of Hardened Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20M.%20Taylor">Chris M. Taylor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ian%20Cook"> Ian Cook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raul%20Alegre"> Raul Alegre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Arrazola"> Pedro Arrazola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phil%20Spiers"> Phil Spiers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Noteworthy results have been obtained in the turning and drilling of hardened high-strength steels using tungsten carbide based cutting tools. In a finish turning process, it was seen that surface roughness and tool flank wear followed very different trends against cutting time. The suggested explanation for this behaviour is that the profile cut into the workpiece surface is determined by the tool’s cutting edge profile. It is shown that the profile appearing on the cut surface changes rapidly over time, so the profile of the tool cutting edge should also be changing rapidly. Workpiece material adhered onto the cutting tool, which is also known as a built-up edge, is a phenomenon which could explain the observations made. In terms of tool damage modes, workpiece material adhesion is believed to have contributed to tool wear in examples provided from finish turning, thread turning and drilling. Additionally, evidence of tool fracture and tool abrasion were recorded. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turning" title="turning">turning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling" title=" drilling"> drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20steels" title=" hard steels"> hard steels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52027/tool-damage-and-adhesion-effects-in-turning-and-drilling-of-hardened-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">420</span> A Parasitic Resonator-Based Diamond Shape Microstrip Antenna for Ultra-Wide-Band Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zulfiker%20Mahmud">M. Zulfiker Mahmud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Naimur%20Rahman"> M. Naimur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20%20Bin%20Ashraf"> Farhad Bin Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norbahiah%20Misran"> Norbahiah Misran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Tariqul%20Islam"> Mohammad Tariqul Islam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study proposes a diamond-shaped microstrip patch antenna for ultra-wideband applications. The antenna is made up of a diamond shape radiating patch, partial ground plane, and three asterisk-shaped parasitic elements. The parasitic elements are positioned above the ground plane to enhance the bandwidth and gain. The proposed antenna has a compact dimension of 30 x 25 x 1.6 mm3 and achieves an overall bandwidth (S11<-10dB) is 5.8 GHz from 2.7 GHz to 8.5 GHz. The antenna attains more than 4 dBi realized the gain and 80% efficiency over the bandwidth with omnidirectional radiation pattern. The design and simulation of the proposed antenna are performed in Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The observation during the analysis of the simulated data reveals that the proposed antenna is suitable for Ultra wide-band (UWB) applications where high gain is required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond-shaped%20antenna" title="diamond-shaped antenna">diamond-shaped antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstrip%20antenna" title=" microstrip antenna"> microstrip antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parasitic%20resonator" title=" parasitic resonator"> parasitic resonator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UWB%20applications" title=" UWB applications"> UWB applications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91476/a-parasitic-resonator-based-diamond-shape-microstrip-antenna-for-ultra-wide-band-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">419</span> Anal Repair and Diamond Flap in Moderate Anal Stenosis Patient After an Open Hemorrhoidectomy Surgery: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andriana%20Purnama">Andriana Purnama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reno%20Rudiman"> Reno Rudiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kezia%20Christy"> Kezia Christy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anal stenosis which develops due to anoderm scarring usually caused by secondary to surgical trauma, has become common, causing significant decrease patient’s quality of life. Even though mild anal stenosis was treated with non-surgical treatment, but surgical reconstruction in unavoidable for moderate to severe anal stenosis that cause distressing, severe anal pain and inability to defecate. In our study, we intend to share our result with the use of diamond flap in treatment of anal stenosis. This case report illustrates a 57-year-old male patient who presented with difficulty and discomfort in defecation caused by anal stenosis after 2 years of open hemorrhoidectomy surgery. At physical examination, there was requirement of forceful dilatation when the index finger was inserted or precisely 6mm as measured by hegar dilator (moderate anal stenosis). Blood test result was within normal limits. The patient underwent anal repair and diamond flap where the scar tissue at 6 and 9 o’clock directions was excised and diamond graft was incised carefully while paying attention to the vascular supply. Finally, the graft was fixated without any tension to the anal canal, resulting in diameter of 2 cm after operation. After 2 days post operation, the patient was in stable condition, without any complication, and discharged. There was no abnormality concerning the stool. Ten days after the operation, diamond flap was in normal condition and without any complication. He was scheduled for futher follow up at the Digestive Surgery Department. Anal stenosis due to overzealous hemorrhoidectomy is a complication that is preventable when performed in experienced hands. Diamond flap was one of the options for the anal stenosis treatment with less complication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anal%20stenosis" title="anal stenosis">anal stenosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20flap" title=" diamond flap"> diamond flap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post%20hemorrhoidectomy" title=" post hemorrhoidectomy"> post hemorrhoidectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anal%20repair" title=" anal repair"> anal repair</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159843/anal-repair-and-diamond-flap-in-moderate-anal-stenosis-patient-after-an-open-hemorrhoidectomy-surgery-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">418</span> Process Capability Analysis by Using Statistical Process Control of Rice Polished Cylinder Turning Practice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bangphan">S. Bangphan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Bangphan"> P. Bangphan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.Boonkang"> T.Boonkang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quality control helps industries in improvements of its product quality and productivity. Statistical Process Control (SPC) is one of the tools to control the quality of products that turning practice in bringing a department of industrial engineering process under control. In this research, the process control of a turning manufactured at workshops machines. The varying measurements have been recorded for a number of samples of a rice polished cylinder obtained from a number of trials with the turning practice. SPC technique has been adopted by the process is finally brought under control and process capability is improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20polished%20cylinder" title="rice polished cylinder">rice polished cylinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20process%20control" title=" statistical process control"> statistical process control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20charts" title=" control charts"> control charts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20capability" title=" process capability"> process capability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14767/process-capability-analysis-by-using-statistical-process-control-of-rice-polished-cylinder-turning-practice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">417</span> Performance Evaluation of Diverging Diamond Interchange Compared to Single Point Diamond Interchange in Riyadh City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maged%20A.%20Mogalli">Maged A. Mogalli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20I.%20Al-Mansour"> Abdullah I. Al-Mansour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongkwan%20Mark%20Lee"> Seongkwan Mark Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decades, population growth has gradually exceeded transportation infrastructure growth, and today’s transportation professionals are facing challenge on how to meet the mobility needs of a rising population especially in the absence of adequate public transport, as is the case in Saudi Arabia. The traffic movement congestion can be decreased by carrying out some appropriate alternative designs of interchanges such as diverging diamond interchange (DDI) and single diamond interchange (SPDI). In this paper, evaluation of newly implemented DDIs at the interchange of Makkah road with Prince Turki road and the interchange of King Khaled road with Prince Saud Ibn Mohammed Ibn Mugrin road in Riyadh city was carried out. The comparison between the DDI and SPDI is conducted by evaluating different measures of effectiveness (MOE) such as stop delay, average queue length, and number of stops. In this connection, each interchange type was evaluated for traffic flow at peak hours using micro-simulation program namely 'Synchro/SimTarffic' to measure its effectiveness such as stop delay, average queue length, and number of stops. The results of this study show that DDI provides a better result when compared with SPDI in terms of stope delay, average queue length, and number of stops. The stop delay for the SPDI is greater than DDI by three times. Also, the average queue length is approximately twice that of the SPDI when compared to the DDI. Furthermore, the number of stops for the SPDI is about twice as the DDI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20point%20diamond%20interchange" title="single point diamond interchange">single point diamond interchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diverging%20diamond%20interchange" title=" diverging diamond interchange"> diverging diamond interchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measures%20of%20effectiveness" title=" measures of effectiveness"> measures of effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105752/performance-evaluation-of-diverging-diamond-interchange-compared-to-single-point-diamond-interchange-in-riyadh-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">416</span> Theoretical Study of Substitutional Phosphorus and Nitrogen Pairs in Diamond</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahani%20Amutairi">Tahani Amutairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20May"> Paul May</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Allan"> Neil Allan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many properties of semiconductor materials (mechanical, electronic, magnetic, and optical) can be significantly modified by introducing a point defect. Diamond offers extraordinary properties as a semiconductor, and doping seems to be a viable method of solving the problem associated with the fabrication of diamond-based electronic devices in order to exploit those properties. The dopants are believed to play a significant role in reducing the energy barrier to conduction and controlling the mobility of the carriers and the resistivity of the film. Although it has been proven that the n-type diamond semiconductor can be obtained with phosphorus doping, the resulting ionisation energy and mobility are still inadequate for practical application. Theoretical studies have revealed that this is partly because the effects of the many phosphorus atoms incorporated in the diamond lattice are compensated by acceptor states. Using spin-polarised hybrid density functional theory and a supercell approach, we explored the effects of bonding one N atom to a P in adjacent substitutional sites in diamond. A range of hybrid functional, including HSE06, B3LYP, PBE0, PBEsol0, and PBE0-13, were used to calculate the formation, binding, and ionisation energies, in order to explore the solubility and stability of the point defect. The equilibrium geometry and the magnetic and electronic structures were analysed and presented in detail. The defect introduces a unique reconstruction in a diamond where one of the C atoms coordinated with the N atom involved in the elongated C-N bond and creates a new bond with the P atom. The simulated infrared spectra of phosphorus-nitrogen defects were investigated with different supercell sizes and found to contain two sharp peaks at the edges of the spectrum, one at a high frequency 1,379 cm⁻¹ and the second appearing at the end range, 234 cm⁻¹, as obtained with the largest supercell (216). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HSE06" title=" HSE06"> HSE06</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B3LYP" title=" B3LYP"> B3LYP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PBE0" title=" PBE0"> PBE0</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PBEsol0" title=" PBEsol0"> PBEsol0</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PBE0-13" title=" PBE0-13"> PBE0-13</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141366/theoretical-study-of-substitutional-phosphorus-and-nitrogen-pairs-in-diamond" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">415</span> Dry High Speed Orthogonal Turning of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Benghersallah">M. Benghersallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20List"> G. List</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Sutter"> G. Sutter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work is an experimental study on the dry high speed turning of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. The objective of this study is to see for high cutting speeds, how wear occurs on the face of insert and how to evolve cutting forces and chip formation. Cutting speeds tested is 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 m/min in orthogonal turning with a carbide insert tool H13A uncoated on a cylindrical titanium alloy part. Investigation on the wear inserts with 3D scanning microscope revered the crater formation is instantaneous and a chip adhesion (welded chip) causes detachment of carbide particles. Cutting forces increase and stabilize before removing the tool. The chip reaches a very high temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%20alloy" title="titanium alloy">titanium alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20hjgh%20speed%20turning" title=" dry hjgh speed turning"> dry hjgh speed turning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20insert" title=" wear insert"> wear insert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MQL%20technique" title=" MQL technique"> MQL technique</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18985/dry-high-speed-orthogonal-turning-of-ti-6al-4v-titanium-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">414</span> Effect of Hydrogen Content and Structure in Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings on Hydrogen Permeation Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Motonori%20Tamura">Motonori Tamura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hydrogen barrier properties of the coatings of diamond-like carbon (DLC) were evaluated. Using plasma chemical vapor deposition and sputtering, DLC coatings were deposited on Type 316L stainless steels. The hydrogen permeation rate was reduced to 1/1000 or lower by the DLC coatings. The DLC coatings with high hydrogen content had high hydrogen barrier function. For hydrogen diffusion in coatings, the movement of atoms through hydrogen trap sites such as pores in coatings, and crystal defects such as dislocations, is important. The DLC coatings are amorphous, and there are both sp3 and sp2 bonds, and excess hydrogen could be found in the interstitial space and the hydrogen trap sites. In the DLC coatings with high hydrogen content, these hydrogen trap sites are likely already filled with hydrogen atoms, and the movement of new hydrogen atoms could be limited. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20permeation" title="hydrogen permeation">hydrogen permeation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steels" title=" stainless steels"> stainless steels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond-like%20carbon" title=" diamond-like carbon"> diamond-like carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20trap%20sites" title=" hydrogen trap sites"> hydrogen trap sites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63201/effect-of-hydrogen-content-and-structure-in-diamond-like-carbon-coatings-on-hydrogen-permeation-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">413</span> Burnishing Effect on the Mechanical Characteristics of 100C6</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouahiba%20Taamallah">Ouahiba Taamallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Litim"> Tarek Litim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work relates to the physico-geometrical aspect of the surface layers of 100C6 steel having undergone the burnishing treatment by hard steel ball. The application of tip diamond burnishing promotes better roughness compared to turning. In addition, it allows the surface layers to be consolidated by work hardening phenomena. The optimal effects are closely related to the parameters of the treatment and the active part of the device. With an 80% improvement in roughness resulting from the treatment, burnishing can be defined as a finishing operation within the machining range. With a 40% gain in consolidation rate, this treatment is an efficient process for material consolidation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=100C6%20steel" title="100C6 steel">100C6 steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burnishing" title=" burnishing"> burnishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness" title=" roughness"> roughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128581/burnishing-effect-on-the-mechanical-characteristics-of-100c6" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">412</span> Turning Parameters Affect Time up and Go Test Performance in Pre-Frail Community-Dwelling Elderly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuei-Yu%20Chien">Kuei-Yu Chien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiu-Yu%20Chiu"> Hsiu-Yu Chiu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Nan%20Chen"> Chia-Nan Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Chen%20Chen"> Shu-Chen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Frailty is associated with decreased physical performances that affect mobility of the elderly. Time up and go test (TUG) was the common method to evaluate mobility in the community. The purpose of this study was to compare the parameters in different stages of Time up and go test (TUG) and physical performance between pre-frail elderly (PFE) and non-frail elderly (NFE). We also investigated the relationship between TUG parameters and physical performance. Methods: Ninety-two community-dwelling older adults were as participants in this study. Based on Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale, 22 older adults were classified as PFE (71.77 ± 6.05 yrs.) and 70 were classified as NFE (71.2 ± 5.02 yrs.). We performed body composition and physical performance, including balance, muscular strength/endurance, mobility, cardiorespiratory endurance, and flexibility. Results: Pre-frail elderly took significantly longer time than NFE in TUG test (p=.004). Pre-frail elderly had lower turning average angular velocity (p = .017), turning peak angular velocity (p = .041) and turning-stand to sit peak angular velocity (p = .037) than NFE. The turning related parameters related to open-eye stand on right foot, 30-second chair stand test, back scratch, and 2-min step tests. Conclusions: Turning average angular velocity, turning peak angular velocity and turning-stand to sit peak angular velocity mainly affected the TUG performance. We suggested that static/dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and muscle strengthening of lower limbs exercise were important to PFE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title="mobility">mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aglity" title=" aglity"> aglity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20ageing" title=" active ageing"> active ageing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20fitness" title=" functional fitness"> functional fitness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98466/turning-parameters-affect-time-up-and-go-test-performance-in-pre-frail-community-dwelling-elderly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">411</span> A Sustainable and Low-Cost Filter to Treat Pesticides in Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Abbas">T. Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20McEvoy"> J. McEvoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Khan"> E. Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pesticide contamination in water supply is a common environmental problem in rural agricultural communities. Advanced water treatment processes such as membrane filtration and adsorption on activated carbon only remove pesticides from water without degrading them into less toxic/easily degradable compounds leaving behind contaminated brine and activated carbon that need to be managed. Rural communities which normally cannot afford expensive water treatment technologies need an economical and sustainable filter which not only treats pesticides from water but also degrades them into benign products. In this study, iron turning waste experimented as potential point-of-use filtration media for the removal/degradation of a mixture of six chlorinated pesticides (lindane, heptachlor, endosulfan, dieldrin, endrin, and DDT) in water. As a common and traditional medium for water filtration, sand was also tested along with iron turning waste. Iron turning waste was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray analyzer. Four glass columns with different filter media layer configurations were set up: (1) only sand, (2) only iron turning, (3) sand and iron turning (two separate layers), and (4) sand, iron turning and sand (three separate layers). The initial pesticide concentration and flow rate were 2 μg/L and 10 mL/min. Results indicate that sand filtration was effective only for the removal of DDT (100%) and endosulfan (94-96%). Iron turning filtration column effectively removed endosulfan, endrin, and dieldrin (85-95%) whereas the lindane and DDT removal were 79-85% and 39-56%, respectively. The removal efficiencies for heptachlor, endosulfan, endrin, dieldrin, and DDT were 90-100% when sand and iron turning waste (two separate layers) were used. However, better removal efficiencies (93-100%) for five out of six pesticides were achieved, when sand, iron turning and sand (three separate layers) were used as filtration media. Moreover, the effects of water pH, amounts of media, and minerals present in water such as magnesium, sodium, calcium, and nitrate on the removal of pesticides were examined. Results demonstrate that iron turning waste efficiently removed all the pesticides under studied parameters. Also, it completely de-chlorinated all the pesticides studied and based on the detection of by-products, the degradation mechanisms for all six pesticides were proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide%20contamination" title="pesticide contamination">pesticide contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20communities" title=" rural communities"> rural communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20turning%20waste" title=" iron turning waste"> iron turning waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92337/a-sustainable-and-low-cost-filter-to-treat-pesticides-in-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">410</span> Mechanical Properties of Diamond Reinforced Ni Nanocomposite Coatings Made by Co-Electrodeposition with Glycine as Additive </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanheng%20Zhang">Yanheng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Feng"> Lu Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yilan%20Kang"> Yilan Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Donghui%20Fu"> Donghui Fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qian%20Zhang"> Qian Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiu%20Li"> Qiu Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Qiu"> Wei Qiu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diamond-reinforced Ni matrix composite has been widely applied in engineering for coating large-area structural parts owing to its high hardness, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance compared with those features of pure nickel. The mechanical properties of Ni-diamond composite coating can be promoted by the high incorporation and uniform distribution of diamond particles in the nickel matrix, while the distribution features of particles are affected by electrodeposition process parameters, especially the additives in the plating bath. Glycine has been utilized as an organic additive during the preparation of pure nickel coating, which can effectively increase the coating hardness. Nevertheless, to author’s best knowledge, no research about the effects of glycine on the Ni-diamond co-deposition has been reported. In this work, the diamond reinforced Ni nanocomposite coatings were fabricated by a co-electrodeposition technique from a modified Watt’s type bath in the presence of glycine. After preparation, the SEM morphology of the composite coatings was observed combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, and the diamond incorporation was analyzed. The surface morphology and roughness were obtained by a three-dimensional profile instrument. 3D-Debye rings formed by XRD were analyzed to characterize the nickel grain size and orientation in the coatings. The average coating thickness was measured by a digital micrometer to deduce the deposition rate. The microhardness was tested by automatic microhardness tester. The friction coefficient and wear volume were measured by reciprocating wear tester to characterize the coating wear resistance and cutting performance. The experimental results confirmed that the presence of glycine effectively improved the surface morphology and roughness of the composite coatings. By optimizing the glycine concentration, the incorporation of diamond particles was increased, while the nickel grain size decreased with increasing glycine. The hardness of the composite coatings was increased as the glycine concentration increased. The friction and wear properties were evaluated as the glycine concentration was optimized, showing a decrease in the wear volume. The wear resistance of the composite coatings increased as the glycine content was increased to an optimum value, beyond which the wear resistance decreased. Glycine complexation contributed to the nickel grain refinement and improved the diamond dispersion in the coatings, both of which made a positive contribution to the amount and uniformity of embedded diamond particles, thus enhancing the microhardness, reducing the friction coefficient, and hence increasing the wear resistance of the composite coatings. Therefore, additive glycine can be used during the co-deposition process to improve the mechanical properties of protective coatings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-electrodeposition" title="co-electrodeposition">co-electrodeposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycine" title=" glycine"> glycine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni-diamond%20nanocomposite%20coatings" title=" Ni-diamond nanocomposite coatings"> Ni-diamond nanocomposite coatings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105213/mechanical-properties-of-diamond-reinforced-ni-nanocomposite-coatings-made-by-co-electrodeposition-with-glycine-as-additive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20turning&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20turning&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20turning&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamond%20turning&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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