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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Extent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Extent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Islands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_patterns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_patterns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Current patterns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_patterns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Connections_to_global_weather" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Connections_to_global_weather"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Connections to global weather</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Connections_to_global_weather-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuclear_dumping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuclear_dumping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Nuclear dumping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuclear_dumping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nature_reserve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nature_reserve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nature reserve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nature_reserve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kara Sea</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 101 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karasee" title="Karasee – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Karasee" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Карский талай – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Карский талай" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="بحر كارا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بحر كارا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Kara" title="Mar de Kara – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mar de Kara" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_d%C9%99nizi" title="Kara dənizi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kara dənizi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="کارا دنیزی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کارا دنیزی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0" title="কারা সাগর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কারা সাগর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_H%C3%A1i" title="Kara Hái – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kara Hái" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Кара диңгеҙе – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кара диңгеҙе" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Карскае мора – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Карскае мора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Карскае мора – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Карскае мора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagat_Kara" title="Dagat Kara – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Dagat Kara" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Карско море – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карско море" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karsko_more" title="Karsko more – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Karsko more" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mor_Kara" title="Mor Kara – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mor Kara" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Kara" title="Mar de Kara – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mar de Kara" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81%C4%95" title="Кара тинĕсĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кара тинĕсĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karsk%C3%A9_mo%C5%99e" title="Karské moře – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Karské moře" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B4r_Kara" title="Môr Kara – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Môr Kara" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karahavet" title="Karahavet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Karahavet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karasee" title="Karasee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Karasee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_meri" title="Kara meri – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kara meri" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Θάλασσα του Κάρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θάλασσα του Κάρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Kara" title="Mar de Kara – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mar de Kara" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaa_maro" title="Karaa maro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karaa maro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara" title="Kara – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kara" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="دریای کارا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دریای کارا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Samundar" title="Kara Samundar – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Kara Samundar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mer_de_Kara" title="Mer de Kara – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mer de Kara" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karasee" title="Karasee – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Karasee" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Kara" title="Mar de Kara – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mar de Kara" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara-h%C3%B3i" title="Kara-hói – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kara-hói" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC%ED%95%B4" title="카라해 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카라해" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Կարայի ծով – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կարայի ծով" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="कारा सागर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कारा सागर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karsko_more" title="Karsko more – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Karsko more" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maro_Kara" title="Maro Kara – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Maro Kara" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baybay_Kara" title="Baybay Kara – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Baybay Kara" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Kara" title="Laut Kara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Laut Kara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%C3%A6%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Карæйы денджыз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Карæйы денджыз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karahaf" title="Karahaf – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Karahaf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_di_Kara" title="Mare di Kara – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mare di Kara" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%94" title="ים קארה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ים קארה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="კარის ზღვა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კარის ზღვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Кар теңізі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кар теңізі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahari_ya_Kara" title="Bahari ya Kara – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bahari ya Kara" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B7" title="Кара саридз – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кара саридз" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deryaya_Karay%C3%AA" title="Deryaya Karayê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Deryaya Karayê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Карск деңизи – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Карск деңизи" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_Karense" title="Mare Karense – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mare Karense" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karas_j%C5%ABra" title="Karas jūra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karas jūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karos_j%C5%ABra" title="Karos jūra – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karos jūra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karazie%C3%AB" title="Karazieë – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Karazieë" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara-tenger" title="Kara-tenger – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kara-tenger" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Карско Море – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Карско Море" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BD" title="കാര കടൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാര കടൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="कारा समुद्र – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कारा समुद्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="კარიშ ზუღა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კარიშ ზუღა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7" title="کارا دریامونا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کارا دریامونا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Kara" title="Laut Kara – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Laut Kara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Карын тэнгис – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Карын тэнгис" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karazee" title="Karazee – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Karazee" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A9%E6%B5%B7" title="カラ海 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カラ海" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Каран хӀорд – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Каран хӀорд" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Sia" title="Kara Sia – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kara Sia" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karahavet" title="Karahavet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Karahavet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karahavet" title="Karahavet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Karahavet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Kara" title="Mar de Kara – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mar de Kara" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_dengizi" title="Kara dengizi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kara dengizi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਾਰਾ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਰਾ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="کارا سمندر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کارا سمندر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6" title="សមុទ្រខារ៉ា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សមុទ្រខារ៉ា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_%C3%ABd_Kara" title="Mar ëd Kara – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Mar ëd Kara" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karasee" title="Karasee – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Karasee" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morze_Karskie" title="Morze Karskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Morze Karskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Kara" title="Mar de Kara – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mar de Kara" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_Kara" title="Marea Kara – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marea Kara" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%94_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Карськоє море – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Карськоє море" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Карское море – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карское море" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D2%95%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Кара байҕал – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кара байҕал" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deti_Kara" title="Deti Kara – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Deti Kara" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Sea" title="Kara Sea – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kara Sea" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karsk%C3%A9_more" title="Karské more – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Karské more" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karsko_morje" title="Karsko morje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Karsko morje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Карско море – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Карско море" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karsko_more" title="Karsko more – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Karsko more" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karanmeri" title="Karanmeri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Karanmeri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karahavet" title="Karahavet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Karahavet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="காராக் கடல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காராக் கடல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Кара диңгезе – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кара диңгезе" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="ทะเลคารา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทะเลคารา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Баҳри Кар – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Баҳри Кар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Denizi" title="Kara Denizi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kara Denizi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Карське море – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карське море" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="بحیرہ کارا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بحیرہ کارا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karan_meri" title="Karan meri – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Karan meri" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83n_Kara" title="Biển Kara – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biển Kara" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagat_Kara" title="Dagat Kara – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dagat Kara" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%80%E6%8B%89%E6%B5%B7" title="喀拉海 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="喀拉海" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%B5%B7" title="卡拉海 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="卡拉海" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%B5%B7" title="卡拉海 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡拉海" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kara_Sea&params=77_N_77_E_type:waterbody_scale:10000000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">77°N</span> <span class="longitude">77°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">77°N 77°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">77; 77</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kara+Sea%22">"Kara Sea"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kara+Sea%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kara+Sea%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kara+Sea%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kara+Sea%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kara+Sea%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #cedeff; font-size: 125%;">Kara Sea</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:256px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:256px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:256px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kara Sea is located in Arctic"><img alt="Kara Sea is located in Arctic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png/256px-Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png/384px-Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png/512px-Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1181" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.655%;left:65.834%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kara Sea"><img alt="Kara Sea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Kara Sea</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kara_Sea_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Kara_Sea_map.png/256px-Kara_Sea_map.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Kara_Sea_map.png/384px-Kara_Sea_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Kara_Sea_map.png/512px-Kara_Sea_map.png 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="858" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map showing the location of the Kara Sea.</div></td></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data region"><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span title="Geographical coordinates">Coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kara_Sea&params=77_N_77_E_type:waterbody_scale:10000000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">77°N</span> <span class="longitude">77°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">77°N 77°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">77; 77</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Body_of_water#Waterbody_types" title="Body of water">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">Sea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Basin</a> countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Surface area</th><td class="infobox-data">926,000 km<sup>2</sup> (358,000 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Average depth</th><td class="infobox-data">131 m (430 ft)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Water volume</th><td class="infobox-data">121,000 km<sup>3</sup> (98<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> acre⋅ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frozen</th><td class="infobox-data">Practically all year round</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">References</th><td class="infobox-data note"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Kara Sea</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Marginal_sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Marginal sea">marginal sea</a>, separated from the <a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a> to the west by the <a href="/wiki/Kara_Strait" title="Kara Strait">Kara Strait</a> and <a href="/wiki/Novaya_Zemlya" title="Novaya Zemlya">Novaya Zemlya</a>, and from the <a href="/wiki/Laptev_Sea" title="Laptev Sea">Laptev Sea</a> to the east by the <a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Zemlya" title="Severnaya Zemlya">Severnaya Zemlya</a> archipelago. Ultimately the Kara, Barents and Laptev Seas are all extensions of the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a> north of <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>. </p><p>The Kara Sea's northern limit is marked geographically by a line running from <a href="/wiki/Cape_Kohlsaat" title="Cape Kohlsaat">Cape Kohlsaat</a> in <a href="/wiki/Graham_Bell_Island" title="Graham Bell Island">Graham Bell Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Land" title="Franz Josef Land">Franz Josef Land</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Molotov" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Molotov">Cape Molotov</a> (Arctic Cape), the northernmost point of <a href="/wiki/Komsomolets_Island" title="Komsomolets Island">Komsomolets Island</a> in <a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Zemlya" title="Severnaya Zemlya">Severnaya Zemlya</a>. </p><p>The Kara Sea is roughly 1,450 km (900 mi) long and 970 km (600 mi) wide with an area of around 880,000 km<sup>2</sup> (339,770 sq mi) and a mean depth of 110 metres (360 ft). </p><p>Its main ports are <a href="/wiki/Novy_Port" title="Novy Port">Novy Port</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dikson_(urban-type_settlement)" title="Dikson (urban-type settlement)">Dikson</a> and it is important as a <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a> ground although the sea is ice-bound for all but two months of the year. The Kara Sea contains the <a href="/wiki/East-Prinovozemelsky_field" title="East-Prinovozemelsky field">East-Prinovozemelsky field</a> (an extension of the <a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_Oil_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="West Siberian Oil Basin">West Siberian Oil Basin</a>), containing significant undeveloped <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>. In 2014, US government sanctions resulted in <a href="/wiki/Exxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Exxon">Exxon</a> having until 26 September to discontinue its operations in the Kara Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name_origin">Name origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is named after the <a href="/wiki/Kara_(river)" title="Kara (river)">Kara</a> river (flowing into <a href="/wiki/Baydaratskaya_Bay" title="Baydaratskaya Bay">Baydaratskaya Bay</a>), which is now relatively insignificant but which played an important role in the Russian conquest of northern Siberia.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kara river name is derived from a <a href="/wiki/Nenets_languages" title="Nenets languages">Nenets</a> word meaning '<a href="/wiki/Hummock" title="Hummock">hummocked ice</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Extent">Extent</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Extent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kara_Sea_islands.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Kara_Sea_islands.PNG/220px-Kara_Sea_islands.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Kara_Sea_islands.PNG/330px-Kara_Sea_islands.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Kara_Sea_islands.PNG/440px-Kara_Sea_islands.PNG 2x" data-file-width="532" data-file-height="604" /></a><figcaption>Main islands and island groups in the central and eastern regions of the Kara Sea.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Hydrographic_Organization" title="International Hydrographic Organization">International Hydrographic Organization</a> defines the limits of the Kara Sea as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><i>On the West.</i> The Eastern limit of <a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a> [<a href="/wiki/Cape_Kohlsaat" title="Cape Kohlsaat">Cape Kohlsaat</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Zhelaniya" title="Cape Zhelaniya">Cape Zhelaniya</a> (Desire); West and Southwest coast of <a href="/wiki/Novaya_Zemlya" title="Novaya Zemlya">Novaya Zemlya</a> to Cape Kussov Noss and thence to Western entrance Cape, Dolgaya Bay (<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kara_Sea&params=70_15_N_58_25_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">70°15′N</span> <span class="longitude">58°25′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">70.250°N 58.417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">70.250; 58.417</span></span></span></a></span></span>) on <a href="/wiki/Vaygach_Island" title="Vaygach Island">Vaigach Island</a>. Through Vaigach Island to Cape Greben; thence to Cape Belyi Noss on the mainland].</dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>On the North.</i> Cape Kohlsaat to <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Cape" title="Arctic Cape">Cape Molotov</a> (<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kara_Sea&params=81_16_N_93_43_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">81°16′N</span> <span class="longitude">93°43′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">81.267°N 93.717°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">81.267; 93.717</span></span></span></a></span></span>) (Northern extremity of <a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Zemlya" title="Severnaya Zemlya">Severnaya Zemlya</a> on <a href="/wiki/Komsomolets_Island" title="Komsomolets Island">Komsomolets Island</a>).</dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>On the East.</i> Komsomolets Island from Cape Molotov to South Eastern Cape; thence to Cape Vorochilov, <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution_Island" title="October Revolution Island">Oktiabrskaya Revolutziya Island</a> to Cape Anuchin. Then to Cape Unslicht on <a href="/wiki/Bolshevik_Island" title="Bolshevik Island">Bolshevik Island</a>. Bolshevik Island to Cape Yevgenov. Thence to Cape Pronchisthehev on the main land (see Russian chart No. 1484 of the year 1935).</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islands">Islands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kara_Sea_structural_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kara_Sea_structural_map.png/220px-Kara_Sea_structural_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kara_Sea_structural_map.png/330px-Kara_Sea_structural_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kara_Sea_structural_map.png/440px-Kara_Sea_structural_map.png 2x" data-file-width="821" data-file-height="752" /></a><figcaption>Kara Sea <a href="/wiki/Geologic_map" title="Geologic map">structural map</a></figcaption></figure> <p>There are many islands and island groups in the Kara Sea. Unlike the other marginal seas of the Arctic, where most islands lie along the coasts, in the Kara Sea many islands, like the <a href="/wiki/Arkticheskiy_Institut_Islands" title="Arkticheskiy Institut Islands">Arkticheskiy Institut Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Izvesti_Tsik_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Izvesti Tsik Islands">Izvesti Tsik Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kirov_Islands" title="Kirov Islands">Kirov Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uedineniya_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Uedineniya Island">Uedineniya</a> or Lonely Island, <a href="/wiki/Wiese_Island" title="Wiese Island">Wiese Island</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Voronina_Island" title="Voronina Island">Voronina Island</a> are located in the open sea of its central regions. </p><p>The largest group in the Kara Sea is by far the <a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Nordenskiöld Archipelago</a>, with five large subgroups and over ninety islands. Other important islands in the Kara Sea are <a href="/wiki/Bely_Island" title="Bely Island">Bely Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dikson_Island" title="Dikson Island">Dikson Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taymyr_Island" title="Taymyr Island">Taymyr Island</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kamennyye_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamennyye Islands">Kamennyye Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oleni_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleni Island">Oleni Island</a>. Despite the high latitude, all islands are <a href="/wiki/Unglaciated" class="mw-redirect" title="Unglaciated">unglaciated</a> except for <a href="/wiki/Ushakov_Island" title="Ushakov Island">Ushakov Island</a> at the extreme northern limit of the Kara Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_patterns">Current patterns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Current patterns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Water circulation patterns in the Kara Sea are complex. The Kara Sea tends to be <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">sea ice</a> covered between September and May,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and between May and August heavily influenced by <a href="/wiki/Fresh_water" title="Fresh water">freshwater</a> run-off (roughly 1200 km<sup>3</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) from the Russian rivers (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Ob_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ob River">Ob</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yenisei_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yenisei River">Yenisei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyasina_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyasina River">Pyasina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pur_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Pur River">Pur</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Taz_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Taz River">Taz</a>). The Kara Sea is also affected by the water inflow from the <a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a>, which brings 0.6 <a href="/wiki/Sverdrup" title="Sverdrup">Sv</a> in August and 2.6 <a href="/wiki/Sverdrup" title="Sverdrup">Sv</a> in December.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Advection" title="Advection">advected</a> water originates from the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a>, but it was cooled and mixed with freshwater in the <a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a> before it reaches the Kara Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simulations with the Hamburg shelf ocean model (HAMSOM) suggest that no typical water current pattern consists in the Kara Sea throughout the year. Depending on the freshwater run-off, the dominant wind patterns, and the <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">sea ice</a> formation, the water currents change.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Connections_to_global_weather">Connections to global weather</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Connections to global weather"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Arctic_sea_ice_decline#Barents_Sea_ice" title="Arctic sea ice decline">Arctic sea ice decline § Barents Sea ice</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arctic_sea_ice_decline&action=edit#Barents_Sea_ice">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <p>Barents Sea is the fastest-warming part of the Arctic, and some assessments now treat Barents sea ice as a separate tipping point from the rest of the Arctic sea ice, suggesting that it could permanently disappear once the global warming exceeds 1.5 degrees.<sup id="cite_ref-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Explainer_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Explainer-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This rapid warming also makes it easier to detect any potential connections between the state of sea ice and weather conditions elsewhere than in any other area. The first study proposing a connection between floating ice decline in the Barents Sea and the neighbouring Kara Sea and more intense winters in Europe was published in 2010,<sup id="cite_ref-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Petoukhov_2010_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Petoukhov_2010-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and there has been extensive research into this subject since then. For instance, a 2019 paper holds BKS ice decline responsible for 44% of the 1995–2014 central Eurasian cooling trend, far more than indicated by the models,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while another study from that year suggests that the decline in BKS ice reduces snow cover in the North Eurasia but increases it in central Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also potential links to summer precipitation:<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a connection has been proposed between the reduced BKS ice extent in November–December and greater June rainfall over <a href="/wiki/South_China" title="South China">South China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One paper even identified a connection between Kara Sea ice extent and the ice cover of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Qinghai" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Qinghai">Lake Qinghai</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Plateau" title="Tibetan Plateau">Tibetan Plateau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> However, BKS ice research is often subject to the same uncertainty as the broader research into Arctic amplification/whole-Arctic sea ice loss and the jet stream, and is often challenged by the same data.<sup id="cite_ref-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Song2021_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Song2021-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, the most recent research still finds connections which are statistically robust,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yet non-linear in nature: two separate studies published in 2021 indicate that while autumn BKS ice loss results in cooler Eurasian winters, ice loss during winter makes Eurasian winters warmer:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as BKS ice loss accelerates, the risk of more severe Eurasian winter extremes diminishes while heatwave risk in the spring and summer is magnified.<sup id="cite_ref-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Song2021_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arctic_sea_ice_decline_Song2021-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kara Sea was formerly known as <b>Oceanus Scythicus</b> or <b>Mare Glaciale</b> and it appears with these names in 16th century maps. Since it is closed by ice most of the year it remained largely unexplored until the late nineteenth century. </p><p>In 1556 <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Borough" title="Stephen Borough">Stephen Borough</a> sailed in the <i>Searchthrift</i> to try to reach the <a href="/wiki/Ob_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ob River">Ob River</a>, but he was stopped by ice and fog at the entrance to the Kara Sea. Not until 1580 did another English expedition, under <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Pet" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Pet">Arthur Pet</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Jackman_(explorer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Jackman (explorer) (page does not exist)">Charles Jackman</a>, attempt its passage. They too failed to penetrate it, and <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> lost interest in searching for the <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Passage" title="Northeast Passage">Northeast Passage</a>. </p><p>In 1736–1737 <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> Admiral <a href="/wiki/Stepan_Malygin" title="Stepan Malygin">Stepan Malygin</a> undertook a voyage from <a href="/wiki/Dolgy_Island" title="Dolgy Island">Dolgy Island</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a>. The two ships in this early expedition were the <i>Perviy</i>, under Malygin's command and the <i>Vtoroy</i> under Captain A. Skuratov. After entering the little-explored Kara Sea, they sailed to the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Ob" title="Gulf of Ob">Ob River</a>. Malygin took careful observations of these hitherto almost unknown areas of the Russian Arctic coastline. With this knowledge he was able to draw the first somewhat accurate map of the Arctic shores between the <a href="/wiki/Pechora_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Pechora River">Pechora River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ob_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ob River">Ob River</a>. </p><p>In 1878, Finnish explorer <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Erik_Nordenski%C3%B6ld" title="Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld">Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld</a> on ship <i>Vega</i> sailed across the Kara Sea from <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a>, along the coast of Siberia, and despite the ice packs, got to <a href="/wiki/180th_meridian" title="180th meridian">180° longitude</a> by early September. Frozen in for the winter in the <a href="/wiki/Chukchi_Sea" title="Chukchi Sea">Chukchi Sea</a>, Nordenskiöld waited and bartered with the local <a href="/wiki/Chukchi_people" title="Chukchi people">Chukchi people</a>. The following July, the Vega was freed from the ice, and continued to <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a>, Japan. He became the first to force the <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Passage" title="Northeast Passage">Northeast Passage</a>. The largest group of islands in the Kara Sea, the <a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Nordenskiöld Archipelago</a>, has been named in his honour. The year 1912 was a tragic one for Russian explorers in the Kara Sea. In that fateful year unbroken consolidated ice blocked the way for the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sea_Route" title="Northern Sea Route">Northern Sea Route</a> and three expeditions that had to cross the Kara Sea became trapped and failed: <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Sedov" title="Georgy Sedov">Sedov</a>'s on vessel <i>St. Foka</i>, <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Brusilov" title="Georgy Brusilov">Brusilov</a>'s on the <a href="/wiki/Svyataya_Anna" title="Svyataya Anna"><i>St. Anna</i></a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Rusanov" title="Vladimir Rusanov">Rusanov</a>'s on the <i>Gercules</i>. Georgy Sedov intended to reach Franz Josef Land on ship, leave a depot over there, and sledge to the pole. Due to the heavy ice the vessel could only reach <a href="/wiki/Novaya_Zemlya" title="Novaya Zemlya">Novaya Zemlya</a> the first summer and wintered in <a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Land" title="Franz Josef Land">Franz Josef Land</a>. In February 1914 Sedov headed to the <a href="/wiki/North_Pole" title="North Pole">North Pole</a> with two sailors and three sledges, but he fell ill and died on <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Island" title="Rudolf Island">Rudolf Island</a>. <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Brusilov" title="Georgy Brusilov">Georgy Brusilov</a> attempted to navigate the <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Passage" title="Northeast Passage">Northeast Passage</a>, was trapped in the Kara Sea, and drifted northward for more than two years reaching latitude 83° 17' N. Thirteen men, headed by <a href="/wiki/Valerian_Albanov" title="Valerian Albanov">Valerian Albanov</a>, left the vessel and started across the ice to <a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Land" title="Franz Josef Land">Franz Josef Land</a>, but only Albanov and one sailor (<a href="/wiki/Alexander_Konrad" title="Alexander Konrad">Alexander Konrad</a>) survived after a gruesome three-month ordeal. The survivors brought the ship log of <i>St. Anna</i>, the map of her drift, and daily meteorological records, but the destiny of those who stayed on board remains unknown. In the same year the expedition of <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Rusanov" title="Vladimir Rusanov">Vladimir Rusanov</a> was lost in the Kara Sea. The prolonged absence of those three expeditions stirred public attention, and a few small rescue expeditions were launched, including <a href="/wiki/Jan_Nag%C3%B3rski" title="Jan Nagórski">Jan Nagórski</a>'s five air flights over the sea and ice from the NW coast of <a href="/wiki/Novaya_Zemlya" title="Novaya Zemlya">Novaya Zemlya</a>. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution_(1917)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Revolution (1917)">Russian Revolution</a> in 1917, the scale and scope of exploration of the Kara Sea increased greatly as part of the work of developing the Northern Sea Route. Polar stations, of which five already existed in 1917, increased in number, providing meteorologic, ice reconnaissance, and radio facilities. By 1932 there were 24 stations, by 1948 about 80, and by the 1970s more than 100. The use of icebreakers and, later, aircraft as platforms for scientific work were developed. In 1929 and 1930 the <a href="/wiki/Icebreaker_Sedov" class="mw-redirect" title="Icebreaker Sedov">Icebreaker Sedov</a> carried groups of scientists to <a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Zemlya" title="Severnaya Zemlya">Severnaya Zemlya</a>, the last major piece of unsurveyed territory in the Soviet Arctic; the archipelago was completely mapped under <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Ushakov" title="Georgy Ushakov">Georgy Ushakov</a> between 1930 and 1932. </p><p>Particularly worth noting are three cruises of the <a href="/wiki/Icebreaker_Sadko" class="mw-redirect" title="Icebreaker Sadko">Icebreaker <i>Sadko</i></a>, which went farther north than most; in 1935 and 1936 the last unexplored areas in the northern Kara Sea were examined and the small and elusive <a href="/wiki/Ushakov_Island" title="Ushakov Island">Ushakov Island</a> was discovered. </p><p>In the summer of 1942, German <a href="/wiki/Kriegsmarine" title="Kriegsmarine">Kriegsmarine</a> warships and submarines entered the Kara Sea to destroy as many Russian vessels as possible. This naval campaign was named "<a href="/wiki/Operation_Wunderland" title="Operation Wunderland">Operation Wunderland</a>". Its success was limited by the presence of ice floes, as well as bad weather and fog. These effectively protected the Soviet ships, preventing the damage that could have been inflicted on the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet fleet</a> under fair weather conditions. </p><p>In October 2010, the Russian government awarded a license to Russian oil company <a href="/wiki/Rosneft" title="Rosneft">Rosneft</a> for developing the <a href="/wiki/East-Prinovozemelsky_field" title="East-Prinovozemelsky field">East-Prinovozemelsky oil and gas structure</a> in the Kara Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-upstream151010_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upstream151010-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-upstream140111_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upstream140111-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nuclear_dumping">Nuclear dumping</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Nuclear dumping"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ocean_disposal_of_radioactive_waste" title="Ocean disposal of radioactive waste">Ocean disposal of radioactive waste</a></div> <p>There is concern about <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_contamination" title="Radioactive contamination">radioactive contamination</a> from <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear waste">nuclear waste</a> the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> dumped in the sea and the effect this will have on the marine environment. According to an official "White Paper" report compiled and released by the Russian government in March 1993, the Soviet Union dumped six <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_submarine" title="Nuclear submarine">nuclear submarine</a> reactors and ten <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_reactors" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear reactors">nuclear reactors</a> into the Kara Sea between 1965 and 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Solid high- and low-level wastes unloaded from Northern Fleet nuclear submarines during reactor refuelings were dumped in the Kara Sea, mainly in the shallow fjords of Novaya Zemlya, where the depths of the dumping sites range from 12 to 135 meters, and in the Novaya Zemlya Trough at depths of up to 380 meters. Liquid low-level wastes were released in the open Barents and Kara Seas. A subsequent appraisal by the <a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> showed that releases are low and localized from the 16 naval reactors (reported by the IAEA as having come from seven submarines and the <a href="/wiki/Lenin_(nuclear_icebreaker)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin (nuclear icebreaker)">icebreaker <i>Lenin</i></a>) which were dumped at five sites in the Kara Sea. Most of the dumped reactors had suffered an accident.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_submarine_K-27" title="Soviet submarine K-27">Soviet submarine K-27</a> was scuttled in Stepovogo Bay with its two reactors filled with spent nuclear fuel.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a seminar in February 2012 it was revealed that the reactors on board the submarine could re-achieve <a href="/wiki/Critical_mass" title="Critical mass">criticality</a> and explode (a buildup of heat leading to a steam explosion vs. nuclear). The catalogue of waste dumped at sea by the Soviets, according to documents seen by Bellona, includes some 17,000 containers of <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_waste" title="Radioactive waste">radioactive waste</a>, 19 ships containing radioactive waste, 14 nuclear reactors, including five that still contain spent nuclear fuel; 735 other pieces of radioactively contaminated heavy machinery, and the K-27 nuclear submarine with its two reactors loaded with nuclear fuel.<sup id="cite_ref-rae_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rae-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nature_reserve">Nature reserve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Nature reserve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hivus-6_on_Kara_sea_beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Hivus-6_on_Kara_sea_beach.jpg/220px-Hivus-6_on_Kara_sea_beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Hivus-6_on_Kara_sea_beach.jpg/330px-Hivus-6_on_Kara_sea_beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Hivus-6_on_Kara_sea_beach.jpg/440px-Hivus-6_on_Kara_sea_beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Hovercraft on Kara Sea shore</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Arctic_State_Nature_Reserve" title="Great Arctic State Nature Reserve">Great Arctic State Nature Reserve</a>—the largest <a href="/wiki/Nature_reserve" title="Nature reserve">nature reserve</a> of Russia—was founded on 11 May 1993, by Resolution No. 431 of the Government of the Russian Federation (RF). The Kara Sea Islands section (4,000 km<sup>2</sup>) of the Great Arctic Nature Reserve includes: the <a href="/wiki/Kirov_Islands" title="Kirov Islands">Sergei Kirov Archipelago</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Voronina_Island" title="Voronina Island">Voronina Island</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Izvestiy_TSIK_Islands" title="Izvestiy TSIK Islands">Izvestiy TSIK Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Arkticheskiy_Institut_Islands" title="Arkticheskiy Institut Islands">Arctic Institute Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Svordrup_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Svordrup Island">Svordrup Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uedineniya" class="mw-redirect" title="Uedineniya">Uedineniya</a> (Ensomheden) and a number of smaller islands. This section represents rather fully the natural and biological diversity of Arctic sea islands of the eastern part of the Kara Sea. </p><p>Nearby, the <a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Land" title="Franz Josef Land">Franz Josef Land</a> and <a href="/wiki/Severny_Island" title="Severny Island">Severny Island</a> in northern <a href="/wiki/Novaya_Zemlya" title="Novaya Zemlya">Novaya Zemlya</a> are also registered as a sanctuary, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Arctic_National_Park" title="Russian Arctic National Park">Russian Arctic National Park</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/32px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/48px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/64px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1358" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oceans" title="Portal:Oceans">Oceans portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg/32px-Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" 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class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Russia portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/28px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/42px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/56px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_Albanov" title="Valerian Albanov">Valerian Albanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of seas">List of seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Erik_Nordenski%C3%B6ld" title="Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld">Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Sea_Route" title="Northern Sea Route">Northern Sea Route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Vilkitsky" title="Boris Vilkitsky">Boris Vilkitsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_petroleum_basin" title="West Siberian petroleum basin">West Siberian petroleum basin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KAHR</span>-ə</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Карское море</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Karskoye more</i></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[ˈkarskə(j)ɪ<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈmorʲɪ]</a></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Sea&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStein2008" class="citation book cs1">Stein, R. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oaTGl9HKWzAC&pg=PA37"><i>Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and Paleoenvironment</i></a>. Elsevier. p. 37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780080558851" title="Special:BookSources/9780080558851"><bdi>9780080558851</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arctic+Ocean+Sediments%3A+Processes%2C+Proxies%2C+and+Paleoenvironment&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780080558851&rft.aulast=Stein&rft.aufirst=R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoaTGl9HKWzAC%26pg%3DPA37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKara+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dn.no/nyheter/energi/2014/09/16/1609/sanksjoner-kan-avslutte-boring-i-karahavet">"Sanksjoner kan avslutte boring i Karahavet"</a> [Sanctions could end drilling in the Kara Sea]. <i><a href="/wiki/Dagens_N%C3%A6ringsliv" title="Dagens Næringsliv">DN</a></i> (in Norwegian). 16 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DN&rft.atitle=Sanksjoner+kan+avslutte+boring+i+Karahavet&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.no%2Fnyheter%2Fenergi%2F2014%2F09%2F16%2F1609%2Fsanksjoner-kan-avslutte-boring-i-karahavet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKara+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPospelov1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pospelov, E.M. (1998). <i>Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira</i> [<i>Geographic names of the world</i>] (in Russian). Moscow. p. 191.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geograficheskie+nazvaniya+mira&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=191&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Pospelov&rft.aufirst=E.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKara+Sea" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVize1939" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vize, V.Yu. (1939). <i>Karskoye more // Morya Sovetskoy Arktiki: Ocherki po istorii issledovaniya</i> [<i>Kara Sea // Seas of the Soviet Arctic: Essays on the history of research</i>] (in Russian). Leningrad. pp. 180–217.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karskoye+more+%2F%2F+Morya+Sovetskoy+Arktiki%3A+Ocherki+po+istorii+issledovaniya&rft.place=Leningrad&rft.pages=180-217&rft.date=1939&rft.aulast=Vize&rft.aufirst=V.Yu.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKara+Sea" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111008191433/http://www.iho.int/iho_pubs/standard/S-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf">"Limits of Oceans and Seas, 3rd edition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Hydrographic Organization. 1953. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Limits+of+Oceans+and+Seas%2C+3rd+edition&rft.pub=International+Hydrographic+Organization&rft.date=1953&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiho.int%2Fuploads%2Fuser%2Fpubs%2Fstandards%2Fs-23%2FS-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKara+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nag.iasc.info/images/publications/magics/iasc_mb1996.pdf">Arctic Glaciers; Ushakov Island</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmsKarcher1999" class="citation journal cs1">Harms, I. 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Zeeberg. <i>Into the Ice Sea</i>.</li> <li>Sea ice and polynias in the Kara Sea: <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005GeoRL..3215501K">[1]</a> & <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00367-004-0199-5">[2]</a></li> <li>Marine pollution in the Kara Sea: <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025326X00002356">[3]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20060930222354/http://www.unep.org/dewa/giwa/areas/reports/r1a/assessment_giwa_r1a.pdf">Ecological assessment</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> Web Archives (archived 30 September 2006)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/27/science/russians-describe-extensive-dumping-of-nuclear-waste.html?pagewanted=all">"Russians Describe Extensive Dumping of Nuclear Waste"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, 27 April 1993</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output 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id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Russia&#124;link=Russia_Islands_of_the_Kara_Sea_(Russian_Arctic)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Islands of the Kara Sea (Russian Arctic)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkticheskiy_Institut_Islands" title="Arkticheskiy Institut Islands">Arkticheskiy Institut Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middendorff_Bay" title="Middendorff Bay">Belukha and Prodolgovaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bely_Island" title="Bely Island">Bely Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taymyr_Gulf" title="Taymyr Gulf">Bera Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yenisei_Gulf" class="mw-redirect" title="Yenisei Gulf">Bolshoi Korsakovsky Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taymyr_Island" title="Taymyr Island">Bonevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago#Vilkitsky_Islands" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Dzhekman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikson_Island" title="Dikson Island">Dikson Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago#Vostyochnyye_Islands" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Eastern Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firnley_Islands" title="Firnley Islands">Firnley Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middendorff_Bay" title="Middendorff Bay">Gavrilova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Bell_Island" title="Graham Bell Island">Graham Bell Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiberg_Islands" title="Heiberg Islands">Heiberg Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiberg_Islands" title="Heiberg Islands">Helland-Hansen Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izvestiy_TSIK_Islands" title="Izvestiy TSIK Islands">Izvestiy TSIK Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamennye_Islands" title="Kamennye Islands">Kamennye Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirov_Islands" title="Kirov Islands">Kirov Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolchak_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolchak Island">Kolchak Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolomeytsev_Islands" title="Kolomeytsev Islands">Kolomeytsev Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolosovykh_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolosovykh Islands">Kolosovykh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komsomolets_Island" title="Komsomolets Island">Komsomolets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Zemlya" title="Severnaya Zemlya">Krasnoflotskiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yenisei_Gulf" class="mw-redirect" title="Yenisei Gulf">Krestovsky Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middendorff_Bay" title="Middendorff Bay">Krusenstern Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labyrintovye_Islands" title="Labyrintovye Islands">Labyrintovye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledyanyye_Islands" title="Ledyanyye Islands">Ledyanyye Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firnley_Islands" title="Firnley Islands">Levinson-Lessing Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firnley_Islands" title="Firnley Islands">Lishny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago#Litke_Islands" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Litke Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markgama_Island" title="Markgama Island">Markgama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minina_Skerries" title="Minina Skerries">Minina Skerries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Islands" title="Mona Islands">Mona Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firnley_Islands" title="Firnley Islands">Moristy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middendorff_Bay" title="Middendorff Bay">Myachina Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taymyr_Island" title="Taymyr Island">Nablyudeniy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nansen_Island_(Kara_Sea)" title="Nansen Island (Kara Sea)">Nansen Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilkitsky_Island_(Kara_Sea)" title="Vilkitsky Island (Kara Sea)">Neupokoyeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Nordenskiöld Archipelago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibiryakov_Island" title="Sibiryakov Island">Nosok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novaya_Zemlya" title="Novaya Zemlya">Novaya Zemlya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_Revolution_Island" title="October Revolution Island">October Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleniy_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleniy Island">Oleniy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago#Pakhtusov_Islands" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Pakhtusov Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taymyr_Island" title="Taymyr Island">Pilota Makhotkina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Island_(Russia)" title="Pioneer Island (Russia)">Pioneer Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plavnikovye_Islands" title="Plavnikovye Islands">Plavnikovye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleniy_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleniy Island">Proklyatye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastorguyev_Island" title="Rastorguyev Island">Rastorguyev Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russky_Island_(Kara_Sea)" title="Russky Island (Kara Sea)"> Russky Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schmidt_Island" title="Schmidt Island">Schmidt Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Hansen_Islands" title="Scott Hansen Islands">Scott Hansen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Zemlya" title="Severnaya Zemlya">Sedov Archipelago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Zemlya" title="Severnaya Zemlya">Severnaya Zemlya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severny_Island" title="Severny Island">Severny Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shokalsky_Island" title="Shokalsky Island">Shokalsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middendorff_Bay" title="Middendorff Bay">Shren Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibiryakov_Island" title="Sibiryakov Island">Sibiryakov Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorevnovaniya_Island" title="Sorevnovaniya Island">Sorevnovaniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middendorff_Bay" title="Middendorff Bay">Storozhevye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverdrup_Island_(Kara_Sea)" title="Sverdrup Island (Kara Sea)">Sverdrup Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taymyr_Island" title="Taymyr Island">Taymyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tillo_Islands" title="Tillo Islands">Tillo Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago#Tsivolko_Islands" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Tsivolko Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ushakov_Island" title="Ushakov Island">Ushakov Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyedineniya_Island" title="Uyedineniya Island">Uyedineniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaygach_Island" title="Vaygach Island">Vaygach Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilkitsky_Island_(Kara_Sea)" title="Vilkitsky Island (Kara Sea)">Vilkitsky Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago#Vilkitsky_Islands" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Vilkitsky Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vize_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Vize Island">Vize Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronina_Island" title="Voronina Island">Voronina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middendorff_Bay" title="Middendorff Bay">Yarzhinsky Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordenski%C3%B6ld_Archipelago" title="Nordenskiöld Archipelago">Yermolov Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzhny_Island" title="Yuzhny Island">Yuzhny Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zveroboy_Islands" title="Zveroboy Islands">Zveroboy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/Cosmonauts_Sea" title="Cosmonauts Sea">Cosmonauts Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davis_Sea" title="Davis Sea">Davis Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%27Urville_Sea" title="D'Urville Sea">D'Urville Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Haakon_VII_Sea" title="King Haakon VII Sea">King Haakon VII Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarev_Sea" title="Lazarev Sea">Lazarev Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawson_Sea" title="Mawson Sea">Mawson Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riiser-Larsen_Sea" title="Riiser-Larsen Sea">Riiser-Larsen Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Sea" title="Ross Sea">Ross Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotia_Sea" title="Scotia Sea">Scotia Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somov_Sea" title="Somov Sea">Somov Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddell_Sea" title="Weddell Sea">Weddell Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amundsen_Gulf" title="Amundsen Gulf">Amundsen Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaufort_Sea" title="Beaufort Sea">Beaufort Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukchi_Sea" title="Chukchi Sea">Chukchi Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Siberian_Sea" title="East Siberian Sea">East Siberian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Boothia" title="Gulf of Boothia">Gulf of Boothia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kara Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laptev_Sea" title="Laptev Sea">Laptev Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Sea" title="Lincoln Sea">Lincoln Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pechora_Sea" title="Pechora Sea">Pechora Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Gustaf_Adolf_Sea" title="Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea">Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Sea" title="Queen Victoria Sea">Queen Victoria Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandel_Sea" title="Wandel Sea">Wandel Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Sea" title="White Sea">White Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alboran_Sea" title="Alboran Sea">Alboran Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Mediterranean_Sea" title="American Mediterranean Sea">American Mediterranean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archipelago_Sea" title="Archipelago Sea">Archipelago Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Sea" title="Argentine Sea">Argentine Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baffin_Bay" title="Baffin Bay">Baffin Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_Sea" title="Balearic Sea">Balearic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Biscay" title="Bay of Biscay">Bay of Biscay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bothnian_Bay" title="Bothnian Bay">Bay of Bothnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Campeche" title="Bay of Campeche">Bay of Campeche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Fundy" title="Bay of Fundy">Bay of Fundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bothnian_Sea" title="Bothnian Sea">Bothnian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Sea" title="Celtic Sea">Celtic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxe_Basin" title="Foxe Basin">Foxe Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Lion" title="Gulf of Lion">Gulf of Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Sidra" title="Gulf of Sidra">Gulf of Sidra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_St._Lawrence" title="Gulf of St. Lawrence">Gulf of St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Venezuela" title="Gulf of Venezuela">Gulf of Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Sea" title="Ionian Sea">Ionian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Sea" title="Irish Sea">Irish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irminger_Sea" title="Irminger Sea">Irminger Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bay" title="James Bay">James Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrador_Sea" title="Labrador Sea">Labrador Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Sea" title="Libyan Sea">Libyan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrtoan_Sea" title="Myrtoan Sea">Myrtoan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Sea" title="Norwegian Sea">Norwegian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargasso_Sea" title="Sargasso Sea">Sargasso Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_%C3%85land" title="Sea of Åland">Sea of Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Azov" title="Sea of Azov">Sea of Azov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Crete" title="Sea of Crete">Sea of Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_the_Hebrides" title="Sea of the Hebrides">Sea of the Hebrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Marmara" title="Sea of Marmara">Sea of Marmara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_Sea" title="Thracian Sea">Thracian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea" title="Wadden Sea">Wadden Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andaman_Sea" title="Andaman Sea">Andaman Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flores_Sea" title="Flores Sea">Flores Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Australian_Bight" title="Great Australian Bight">Great Australian Bight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aden" title="Gulf of Aden">Gulf of Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aqaba" title="Gulf of Aqaba">Gulf of Aqaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Oman" title="Gulf of Oman">Gulf of Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Suez" title="Gulf of Suez">Gulf of Suez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laccadive_Sea" title="Laccadive Sea">Laccadive Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique_Channel" title="Mozambique Channel">Mozambique Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_Sea" title="Timor Sea">Timor Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arafura_Sea" title="Arafura Sea">Arafura Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Sea" title="Bali Sea">Bali Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Sea" title="Banda Sea">Banda Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bering_Sea" title="Bering Sea">Bering Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohai_Sea" title="Bohai Sea">Bohai Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol_Sea" title="Bohol Sea">Bohol Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camotes_Sea" title="Camotes Sea">Camotes Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celebes_Sea" title="Celebes Sea">Celebes Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Sea" title="Chilean Sea">Chilean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral_Sea" title="Coral Sea">Coral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_China_Sea" title="East China Sea">East China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Alaska" title="Gulf of Alaska">Gulf of Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Anadyr" title="Gulf of Anadyr">Gulf of Anadyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Fonseca" title="Gulf of Fonseca">Gulf of Fonseca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Panama" title="Gulf of Panama">Gulf of Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Thailand" title="Gulf of Thailand">Gulf of Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin" title="Gulf of Tonkin">Gulf of Tonkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halmahera_Sea" title="Halmahera Sea">Halmahera Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koro_Sea" title="Koro Sea">Koro Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_de_Grau" title="Mar de Grau">Mar de Grau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea" title="Molucca Sea">Molucca Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Gulf" title="Moro Gulf">Moro Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Sea" title="Philippine Sea">Philippine Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salish_Sea" title="Salish Sea">Salish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savu_Sea" title="Savu Sea">Savu Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Japan" title="Sea of Japan">Sea of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Okhotsk" title="Sea of Okhotsk">Sea of Okhotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seram_Sea" title="Seram Sea">Seram Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seto_Inland_Sea" title="Seto Inland Sea">Seto Inland Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantar_Sea" title="Shantar Sea">Shantar Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibuyan_Sea" title="Sibuyan Sea">Sibuyan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Sea" title="Solomon Sea">Solomon Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_Sea" title="Sulu Sea">Sulu Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasman_Sea" title="Tasman Sea">Tasman Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayan_Sea" title="Visayan Sea">Visayan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Sea" title="Yellow Sea">Yellow Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Endorheic_basin" title="Endorheic basin">Endorheic basins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea">Dead Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salton_Sea" title="Salton Sea">Salton Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superocean" title="Superocean">Superocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/32px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/48px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg 1.5x, 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33629#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33629#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/315526915">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4419146-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX458954">Spain</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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