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architectural phase</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: architectural phase"> <meta name="keywords" content="architectural phase"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="architectural phase"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5175</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: architectural phase</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5055</span> An Architectural Model for APT Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nam-Uk%20Kim">Nam-Uk Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Hwan%20Kim"> Sung-Hwan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tai-Myoung%20Chung"> Tai-Myoung Chung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Typical security management systems are not suitable for detecting APT attack, because they cannot draw the big picture from trivial events of security solutions. Although SIEM solutions have security analysis engine for that, their security analysis mechanisms need to be verified in academic field. Although this paper proposes merely an architectural model for APT detection, we will keep studying on correlation analysis mechanism in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20persistent%20threat" title="advanced persistent threat">advanced persistent threat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomaly%20detection" title=" anomaly detection"> anomaly detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining "> data mining </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23009/an-architectural-model-for-apt-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5054</span> Analyzing the Ancient Islamic Architectural Theories: Role of Geometric Proportionality as a Principle of Islamic Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vamsi%20G.">Vamsi G.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Majority of the modern-day structures have less aesthetical value with minimum requirements set by foreign tribes. Numerous elements of traditional architecture can be incorporated into modern designs using appropriate principles to improve and enhance the functionality, aesthetics, and usability of any space. This paper reviews the diminishing ancient values of the traditional Islamic architecture. By introducing them into the modern-day structures like commercial, residential and recreational spaces in at least the Islamic states, the functionality of those spaces can be improved. For this, aspects like space planning, aesthetics, scale, hierarchy, value, and patterns are to be experimented with modern day structures. Case studies of few ancient Islamic architectural marvels are done to elaborate the whole. A brief analysis of materials and execution strategies are also a part of this paper. The analysis is formulated and is ready to design or redesign spaces using traditional Islamic principles and Elements of design to improve the quality of the architecture of modern day structures by studying the ancient Islamic architectural theories. For this, sources from the history and evolution of this architecture have been studied. Also, elements and principles of design from case studies of various mosques, forts, tombs, and palaces have been tabulated. All this data accumulated, will help revive the elements decorated by ancient principles in functional and aesthetical ways. By this, one of the most astonishing architectural styles can be conserved, reinstalled into modern day buildings and remembered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ancient%20architecture" title="ancient architecture">ancient architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20history" title=" architectural history"> architectural history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20architecture" title=" Islamic architecture"> Islamic architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principles%20and%20elements" title=" principles and elements"> principles and elements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81955/analyzing-the-ancient-islamic-architectural-theories-role-of-geometric-proportionality-as-a-principle-of-islamic-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5053</span> Phase Equilibria in Zn-Al-Sn Alloy for Lead-free Solder Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Chan%20Kim">Ji Chan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min"> Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of Yttrium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Sn-Zn eutectic alloy, which has been attracting intensive focus as a Pb-free solder material, was investigated in this study. Phase equilibrium has been calculated by using FactSage® to evaluate the composition and fraction of equilibrium intermetallic compounds and construct a phase diagram. In the case of Sn-8.8 Zn eutectic alloy, the as-cast microstructure was typical lamellar. With addition of 0.25 wt. %Y, a large amount of pro-eutectic phases have been observed and various YZnx intermetallic compounds were expected to successively form during cooling. Hardness of Sn-8.8 Zn alloy was not affected by Y-addition and both alloys could be rolled by 90% at room temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead-free%20solder" title="lead-free solder">lead-free solder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zn-al-sn%20alloy" title=" zn-al-sn alloy"> zn-al-sn alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20equilibrium" title=" phase equilibrium"> phase equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling" title=" rolling"> rolling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35718/phase-equilibria-in-zn-al-sn-alloy-for-lead-free-solder-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5052</span> Analytical Description of Disordered Structures in Continuum Models of Pattern Formation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyula%20I.%20T%C3%B3th">Gyula I. Tóth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaho%20Abdalla"> Shaho Abdalla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Even though numerical simulations indeed have a significant precursory/supportive role in exploring the disordered phase displaying no long-range order in pattern formation models, studying the stability properties of this phase and determining the order of the ordered-disordered phase transition in these models necessitate an analytical description of the disordered phase. First, we will present the results of a comprehensive statistical analysis of a large number (1,000-10,000) of numerical simulations in the Swift-Hohenberg model, where the bulk disordered (or amorphous) phase is stable. We will show that the average free energy density (over configurations) converges, while the variance of the energy density vanishes with increasing system size in numerical simulations, which suggest that the disordered phase is a thermodynamic phase (i.e., its properties are independent of the configuration in the macroscopic limit). Furthermore, the structural analysis of this phase in the Fourier space suggests that the phase can be modeled by a colored isotropic Gaussian noise, where any instant of the noise describes a possible configuration. Based on these results, we developed the general mathematical framework of finding a pool of solutions to partial differential equations in the sense of continuous probability measure, which we will present briefly. Applying the general idea to the Swift-Hohenberg model we show, that the amorphous phase can be found, and its properties can be determined analytically. As the general mathematical framework is not restricted to continuum theories, we hope that the proposed methodology will open a new chapter in studying disordered phases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20theory" title="fundamental theory">fundamental theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20physics" title=" mathematical physics"> mathematical physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuum%20models" title=" continuum models"> continuum models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20description" title=" analytical description"> analytical description</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112130/analytical-description-of-disordered-structures-in-continuum-models-of-pattern-formation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5051</span> The Golden Ratio as a Common ‘Topos’ of Architectural, Musical and Stochastic Research of Iannis Xenakis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolaos%20Mamalis">Nikolaos Mamalis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The work of the eminent architect and composer has undoubtedly been influenced both by his architecture and collaboration with Le Corbusier and by the conquests of the musical avant-garde of the 20th century (Schoenberg, Messian, Bartock, electroacoustic music). It is known that the golden mean and the Fibonacci sequence played a momentous role in the Architectural Avant-garde (Modulor) and expanded on musical pursuits. Especially in the 50s (serialism), it was a structural tool for composition. Xenakis' architectural and musical work (Sacrifice, Metastasis, Rebonds, etc.) received the influence of the Golden Section, as has been repeatedly demonstrated. However, the idea of this retrospective sequence and the reflection raised by the search for new proportions, both in the architectural and the musical work of Xenakis, was not limited to constituting a step, a workable formula that acted unifyingly with regard to the other parameters of the musical work, or as an aesthetic model that makes sense - philosophically and poetically - an anthropocentric dimension as in other composers (see Luigi Nono) ̇ triggered a qualitative leap, an opening of the composer to the assimilation of mathematical concepts and scientific types in music and the consolidation of new sound horizons of stochastic music. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=golden%20ratio" title="golden ratio">golden ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space" title=" space"> space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20music" title=" stochastic music"> stochastic music</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183112/the-golden-ratio-as-a-common-topos-of-architectural-musical-and-stochastic-research-of-iannis-xenakis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5050</span> The Influence of Structural Disorder and Phonon on Metal-To-Insulator Transition of VO₂</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Wook%20Han">Sang-Wook Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In-Hui%20Hwang"> In-Hui Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenlan%20Jin"> Zhenlan Jin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-In%20Park"> Chang-In Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We used temperature-dependent X-Ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements to examine the local structural properties around vanadium atoms at the V K edge from VO₂ films. A direct comparison of simultaneously-measured resistance and XAFS from the VO₂ films showed that the thermally-driven structural phase transition (SPT) occurred prior to the metal-insulator transition (MIT) during heating, whereas these changed simultaneously during cooling. XAFS revealed a significant increase in the Debye-Waller factors of the V-O and V-V pairs in the {111} direction of the R-phase VO₂ due to the phonons of the V-V arrays along the direction in a metallic phase. A substantial amount of structural disorder existing on the V-V pairs along the c-axis in both M₁ and R phases indicates the structural instability of V-V arrays in the axis. The anomalous structural disorder observed on all atomic sites at the SPT prevents the migration of the V 3d¹ electrons, resulting in a Mott insulator in the M₂-phase VO₂. The anomalous structural disorder, particularly, at vanadium sites, effectively affects the migration of metallic electrons, resulting in the Mott insulating properties in M₂ phase and a non-congruence of the SPT, MIT, and local density of state. The thermally-induced phonons in the {111} direction assist the delocalization of the V 3d¹ electrons in the R phase VO₂ and the electrons likely migrate via the V-V array in the {111} direction as well as the V-V dimerization along the c-axis. This study clarifies that the tetragonal symmetry is essentially important for the metallic phase in VO₂. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal-insulator%20transition" title="metal-insulator transition">metal-insulator transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XAFS" title=" XAFS"> XAFS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VO%E2%82%82" title=" VO₂"> VO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural-phase%20transition" title=" structural-phase transition"> structural-phase transition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79779/the-influence-of-structural-disorder-and-phonon-on-metal-to-insulator-transition-of-vo2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79779.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5049</span> Response Surface Modeling of Lactic Acid Extraction by Emulsion Liquid Membrane: Box-Behnken Experimental Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Thakur">A. Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20S.%20Panesar"> P. S. Panesar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Saini"> M. S. Saini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extraction of lactic acid by emulsion liquid membrane technology (ELM) using n-trioctyl amine (TOA) in n-heptane as carrier within the organic membrane along with sodium carbonate as acceptor phase was optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM). A three level Box-Behnken design was employed for experimental design, analysis of the results and to depict the combined effect of five independent variables, vizlactic acid concentration in aqueous phase (cl), sodium carbonate concentration in stripping phase (cs), carrier concentration in membrane phase (ψ), treat ratio (φ), and batch extraction time (τ) with equal volume of organic and external aqueous phase on lactic acid extraction efficiency. The maximum lactic acid extraction efficiency (ηext) of 98.21%from aqueous phase in a batch reactor using ELM was found at the optimized values for test variables, cl, cs,, ψ, φ and τ as 0.06 [M], 0.18 [M], 4.72 (%,v/v), 1.98 (v/v) and 13.36 min respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane" title="emulsion liquid membrane">emulsion liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid" title=" lactic acid"> lactic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-trioctylamine" title=" n-trioctylamine"> n-trioctylamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology" title=" response surface methodology"> response surface methodology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12234/response-surface-modeling-of-lactic-acid-extraction-by-emulsion-liquid-membrane-box-behnken-experimental-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5048</span> Percentages of Alumina Phase and Different Ph on The Ha- Al2o3 Nano Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Tayyebi">S. Tayyebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Mirjalili"> F. Mirjalili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Samadi"> H. Samadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Nemati"> A. Nemati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, hydroxyapatite-Alumina nano composite powder, containing 15,20 and 25% weight percent of reinforced alumina were prepared by chemical precipitation from the reaction between calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate with ratio of Ca / p = 1.67 and different percentage of aluminum nitrate nona hydrate in different pH of 9,10 and 11. The microstructure and thermal stability of samples were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the presence of reinforced alumina phase reduced the degree of crystallinity of hydroxyapatite phase and increased its decomposition to tricalcium phosphate phase. Microstructural analysis showed that the hydroxyapatite-alumina nano composite powder was obtained with spherical shape and size of less than 100 nm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomaterial" title="biomaterial">biomaterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxyapatite" title=" hydroxyapatite"> hydroxyapatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alumina" title=" alumina"> alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20composite" title=" nano composite"> nano composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation%20method" title=" precipitation method"> precipitation method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31034/percentages-of-alumina-phase-and-different-ph-on-the-ha-al2o3-nano-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">534</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5047</span> House Facades and Emotions: Exploring the Psychological Impact of Architectural Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nour%20Tawil">Nour Tawil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Weber"> Sandra Weber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirsten%20K.%20Roessler"> Kirsten K. Roessler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Mau"> Martin Mau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simone%20Kuhn"> Simone Kuhn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The link between “quality” residential environments and human health and well-being has long been proposed. While the physical properties of a sound environment have been fairly defined, little focus has been given to the psychological impact of architectural elements. Recently, studies have investigated the response to architectural parameters, using measures of physiology, brain activity, and emotion. Results showed different aspects of interest: detailed and open versus blank and closed facades, patterns in perceiving different elements, and a visual bias for capturing faces in buildings. However, in the absence of a consensus on methodologies, the available studies remain unsystematic and face many limitations regarding the underpinning psychological mechanisms. To bridge some of these gaps, an online study was launched to investigate design features that influence the aesthetic judgement and emotional evaluation of house facades, using a well-controlled stimulus set of Canadian houses. A methodical modelling of design features will be performed to extract both high and low level image properties, in addition to segmentation of layout-related features. 300 participants from Canada, Denmark, and Germany will rate the images on twelve psychological dimensions representing appealing aspects of a house. Subjective ratings are expected to correlate with specific architectural elements while controlling for typicality and familiarity, and other individual differences. With the lack of relevant studies, this research aims to identify architectural elements of beneficial qualities that can inform design strategies for optimized residential spaces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20elements" title="architectural elements">architectural elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotions" title=" emotions"> emotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20response" title=" psychological response"> psychological response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20facades." title=" residential facades."> residential facades.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138798/house-facades-and-emotions-exploring-the-psychological-impact-of-architectural-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5046</span> Studying Iranian Religious Minority Architecture: Differences and Commonalities in Religious and National Architecture after Safavid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeideh%20Soltanmohammadlou">Saeideh Soltanmohammadlou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pilar%20M%20Guerrieri"> Pilar M Guerrieri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Kianfar"> Amir Kianfar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Sadeghian"> Sara Sadeghian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasaman%20Nafezi"> Yasaman Nafezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emily%20Irvin"> Emily Irvin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Architecture is rooted in the experiences of the residents in a place. Its foundations are based on needs and circumstances of each territory in terms of climate, available materials, economics and governmental policies, and cultural ideals and ideas of the people that live there. The architectural history of Iran echoes these architectural origins and has revealed certain trends reflecting this territory and culture. However, in recent years, new architectural patterns are developing that diverge from what has previously been considered classic forms of Iranian architecture. This article investigates architectural elements that make up the architecture created by religious minorities after the Safavid dynasty (one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran (from 1501 to 1736) in Iranian cities: Isfahan, Tabriz, Kerman, and Uremia. Similarities and differences are revealed between the architecture that composes neighborhoods of religious minorities in Iran and common national architectural trends in each era after this dynasty. This dynasty is specific as a point of reference in this article because Islam was identified as the state religion of Iran during this era. This decision changed the course of architecture in the country to incorporate religious motifs and meanings. The study associated with this article was conducted as a survey that sought to find links between architecture of religious minorities with Iranian national architecture. Interestingly, a merging of architectural forms and trends occur as immigrants interact with Iranian Islamic meanings. These observations are significant within the context of modern architecture around the world and within Western discourse because what are considered religious minorities in Iran are the dominant religions in Western nations. This makes Iran’s architecture particularly unique as it creates a kind of inverse relationship, than that of Western nations, to the ways in which religion influences architectural history. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20architecture" title=" ethnic architecture"> ethnic architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20architecture" title=" national architecture"> national architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion%20architecture" title=" religion architecture"> religion architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129838/studying-iranian-religious-minority-architecture-differences-and-commonalities-in-religious-and-national-architecture-after-safavid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5045</span> Modeling of Enthalpy and Heat Capacity of Phase-Change Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Medved">Igor Medved</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20Trnik"> Anton Trnik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libor%20Vozar"> Libor Vozar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phase-change materials (PCMs) are of great interest in the applications where a temperature level needs to be maintained and/or where there is demand for thermal energy storage. Examples are storage of solar energy, cold, and space heating/cooling of buildings. During a phase change, the enthalpy vs. temperature plot of PCMs shows a jump and there is a distinct peak in the heat capacity plot. We present a theoretical description from which these jumps and peaks can be obtained. We apply our theoretical results to fit experimental data with very good accuracy for selected materials and changes between two phases. The development is based on the observation that PCMs are polycrystalline; i.e., composed of many single-crystalline grains. The enthalpy and heat capacity are thus interpreted as averages of the contributions from the individual grains. We also show how to determine the baseline and excess part of the heat capacity and thus the latent heat corresponding to the phase change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=averaging" title="averaging">averaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enthalpy%20jump" title=" enthalpy jump"> enthalpy jump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20capacity%20peak" title=" heat capacity peak"> heat capacity peak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change" title=" phase change"> phase change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62362/modeling-of-enthalpy-and-heat-capacity-of-phase-change-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5044</span> Preparation of Nb Silicide-Based Alloy Powder by Hydrogenation-Dehydrogenation (HDH) Reaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gi-Beom%20Park">Gi-Beom Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyong-Gi%20Park"> Hyong-Gi Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong-Yong%20Lee"> Seong-Yong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaeho%20Choi"> Jaeho Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min"> Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Nb silicide-based alloy has the excellent high-temperature strength and relatively lower density than the Ni-based superalloy; therefore, it has been receiving a lot of attention for the next generation high-temperature material. To enhance the high temperature creep property and oxidation resistance, Si was added to the Nb-based alloy, resulting in a multi-phase microstructure with metal solid solution and silicide phase. Since the silicide phase has a low machinability due to its brittle nature, it is necessary to fabricate components using the powder metallurgy. However, powder manufacturing techniques for the alloys have not yet been developed. In this study, we tried to fabricate Nb-based alloy powder by the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation reaction. The Nb-based alloy ingot was prepared by vacuum arc melting and it was annealed in the hydrogen atmosphere for the hydrogenation. After annealing, the hydrogen concentration was increased from 0.004wt% to 1.22wt% and Nb metal phase was transformed to Nb hydride phase. The alloy after hydrogenation could be easily pulverized into powder by ball milling due to its brittleness. For dehydrogenation, the alloy powders were annealed in the vacuum atmosphere. After vacuum annealing, the hydrogen concentration was decreased to 0.003wt% and Nb hydride phase was transformed back to Nb metal phase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nb%20alloy" title="Nb alloy">Nb alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nb%20metal%20and%20silicide%20composite" title=" Nb metal and silicide composite"> Nb metal and silicide composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder" title=" powder"> powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogenation-dehydrogenation%20reaction" title=" hydrogenation-dehydrogenation reaction"> hydrogenation-dehydrogenation reaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96692/preparation-of-nb-silicide-based-alloy-powder-by-hydrogenation-dehydrogenation-hdh-reaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5043</span> Quantitative Phase Imaging System Based on a Three-Lens Common-Path Interferometer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Machikhin">Alexander Machikhin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Polschikova"> Olga Polschikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitold%20Pozhar"> Vitold Pozhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Ramazanova"> Alina Ramazanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> White-light quantitative phase imaging is an effective technique for achieving sub-nanometer phase sensitivity. Highly stable interferometers based on common-path geometry have been developed in recent years to solve this task. Some of these methods also apply multispectral approach. The purpose of this research is to suggest a simple and effective interferometer for such systems. We developed a three-lens common-path interferometer, which can be used for quantitative phase imaging with or without multispectral modality. The lens system consists of two components, the first one of which is a compound lens, consisting of two lenses. A pinhole is placed between the components. The lens-in-lens approach enables effective light transmission and high stability of the interferometer. The multispectrality is easily implemented by placing a tunable filter in front of the interferometer. In our work, we used an acousto-optical tunable filter. Some design considerations are discussed and multispectral quantitative phase retrieval is demonstrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acousto-optical%20tunable%20filter" title="acousto-optical tunable filter">acousto-optical tunable filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=common-path%20interferometry" title=" common-path interferometry"> common-path interferometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20holography" title=" digital holography"> digital holography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multispectral%20quantitative%20phase%20imaging" title=" multispectral quantitative phase imaging"> multispectral quantitative phase imaging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85054/quantitative-phase-imaging-system-based-on-a-three-lens-common-path-interferometer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5042</span> Strategic Management Education: A Driver of Architectural Career Development in a Changing Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rigved%20Chandrashekhar%20Nimkhedkar">Rigved Chandrashekhar Nimkhedkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajat%20Agrawal"> Rajat Agrawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinay%20Sharma"> Vinay Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Architects need help with a demand for an expanded skill set to effectively navigate a landscape of evolving opportunities and challenges in the dynamic realm of the architectural profession. This literature and survey-based study investigates the reasons behind architects’ choices of careers, as well as the effects of the evolving architectural scenario. The traditional role of architects in construction projects evolves as they explore diverse career motivations, face financial constraints due to an oversupply of professionals, and experience specialisation and upskilling trends. Architects inherently derive numerous value chains as more and more disciplines have been introduced into the design-construction-operation supply chain. This insight emphasizes the importance of integrating management and entrepreneurial education into architectural education rather than keeping them separate entities. The study reveals the complex nature of the entrepreneurially challenging architectural profession, including cash flow management, market competition, environmental sustainability, and innovation opportunities. Loyal to their professional identity, architects express dissatisfaction while envisioning a future in which they play a more significant role in shaping reputable brands and contributing to education. The study emphasizes the importance of dovetailing management and entrepreneurial education in architecture education in preparing graduates for the industry’s changing nature, emphasising the need for real-world skills. This research contributes insights into the architectural profession’s transformative trajectory, emphasising adaptability, upskilling, and educational enhancements as critical success factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architects" title="architects">architects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career%20path" title=" career path"> career path</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specialisation" title=" specialisation"> specialisation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179011/strategic-management-education-a-driver-of-architectural-career-development-in-a-changing-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5041</span> Conflict Causes within Construction Projects; Conflict Interaction across Project Phases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mohammed%20Alshehri">Abdullah Mohammed Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The projects in the construction industry have significantly increased, given its contribution to the overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the countries. Reflecting upon the complex nature and involvement of various agents, the study aims to analyze the conflicts cause within construction projects. Therefore, the study strived to come out with understanding the levels of conflict interaction across project phases. However, this conducted by investigating the association between antecedents and apparent conflicts inherent in. The study used a qualitative approach for collecting the data through a quantitative, semi-structured method. Formation of a questionnaire survey has been conducted for over 30 respondents. However, the survey came out with the identification of 25 conflict cause categories, which can take place in different construction project phases, including pre-design phase, pre-construction phase, construction phase, commissioning, and completion phase. For example, conflicts associated with inconsistencies or discrepancies within or between project documents, which took place at tendering time in the pre-construction phase were relatable with the selection of material specifications that should be supplied or used in the construction projects at the construction phase. Its analysis can provide comprehensive understanding, trace the root of the problem, which offers a roadmap to deepen the understanding of the conflict conditions and ‘course of action’ necessary for project management strategy actions toward avoiding or minimizing conflict causes at project life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title="construction">construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict%20causes" title=" conflict causes"> conflict causes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levels" title=" levels"> levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phases" title=" phases"> phases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115171/conflict-causes-within-construction-projects-conflict-interaction-across-project-phases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5040</span> Effect of Co Substitution on Structural, Magnetocaloric, Magnetic, and Electrical Properties of Sm0.6Sr0.4CoxMn1-xO3 Synthesized by Sol-gel Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Azab">A. A. Azab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, Sm0.6Sr0.4CoxMn1-xO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) was synthesized by sol-gel method for magnetocaloric effect (MCE) applications. XRD analysis confirmed formation of the required orthorhombic phase of perovskite, and there is crystallographic phase transition as a result of substitution. Maxwell-Wagner interfacial polarisation and Koops phenomenological theory were used to investigate and analyze the temperature and frequency dependency of the dielectric permittivity. The phase transition from the ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic state was demonstrated to be second order. Based on the isothermal magnetization curves obtained at various temperatures, the magnetic entropy change was calculated. A magnetocaloric effect (MCE) over a wide temperature range was studied by determining DSM and the relative cooling power (RCP). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetocaloric%20effect" title="magnetocaloric effect">magnetocaloric effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pperovskite" title=" pperovskite"> pperovskite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20phase%20transition" title=" magnetic phase transition"> magnetic phase transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20permittivity" title=" dielectric permittivity"> dielectric permittivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174054/effect-of-co-substitution-on-structural-magnetocaloric-magnetic-and-electrical-properties-of-sm06sr04coxmn1-xo3-synthesized-by-sol-gel-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5039</span> Resilient Environments vs. Resilient Architects: Creativity, Practice and Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Perera">Y. Perera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Pathiraja"> M. Pathiraja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Within the paradigm of 'Resilient Built-environments,' in order for architecture to be resilient, 'Resilience' should be identified as an essential component of the architect’s notion of creativity. In much simpler terms, 'Resilient Built-Environment' should necessarily be a by-product of the 'Resilient Architect.' The inherent influence of individualistic notions of creativity upon the practice had intensified the dichotomy between theory and practice unless the notion of 'Resilience' is identified as an integral component of the architect’s notion of creativity. Analysing the architectural position is an ideal way of understanding the architect’s notion of creativity, therefore, in exploring the notion of 'Resilience' and the 'Resilient Architect' within the Sri Lankan platform, the architectural positions of two renowned architects; Geoffrey Bawa and Valentine Gunasekara were explored and analysed. The architectural positions of both the architects asserted specific rules and methodologies adopted within the process of problem solving that had subsequently led to a traceable language / pattern within their architecture. The dominance of such rules within the practice could be detrimental to adaptation of theories / notions, such as 'Resilience' and the formation of the 'Resilient Architect', unless methodologies itself are flexible, robust, despite rigidity, or else the notion of 'Resilience' exist in the form of a methodological rule. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20position" title="architectural position">architectural position</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title=" creativity"> creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice" title=" practice"> practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title=" resilience"> resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory" title=" theory"> theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70953/resilient-environments-vs-resilient-architects-creativity-practice-and-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5038</span> Cellular Automata Model for Car Accidents at a Signalized Intersection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Marzoug">Rachid Marzoug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Lakouari"> Noureddine Lakouari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatriz%20Castillo%20T%C3%A9llez"> Beatriz Castillo Téllez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margarita%20Castillo%20T%C3%A9llez"> Margarita Castillo Téllez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerardo%20Alberto%20Mej%C3%ADa%20P%C3%A9rez"> Gerardo Alberto Mejía Pérez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper developed a two-lane cellular automata model to explain the relationship between car accidents at a signalized intersection and traffic-related parameters. It is found that the increase of the lane-changing probability P?ₕ? increases the risk of accidents, besides, the inflow α and the probability of accidents Pₐ? exhibit a nonlinear relationship. Furthermore, depending on the inflow, Pₐ? exhibits three different phases. The transition from phase I to phase II is of first (second) order when P?ₕ?=0 (P?ₕ?>0). However, the system exhibits a second (first) order transition from phase II to phase III when P?ₕ?=0 (P?ₕ?>0). In addition, when the inflow is not very high, the green light length of one road should be increased to improve road safety. Finally, simulation results show that the traffic at the intersection is safer adopting symmetric lane-changing rules than asymmetric ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-lane%20intersection" title="two-lane intersection">two-lane intersection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accidents" title=" accidents"> accidents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatality%20risk" title=" fatality risk"> fatality risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lane-changing" title=" lane-changing"> lane-changing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transition" title=" phase transition"> phase transition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140637/cellular-automata-model-for-car-accidents-at-a-signalized-intersection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5037</span> Improving Radiation Efficiency Using Metamaterial in Pyramidal Horn Antenna </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Kumar%20Baghel">Amit Kumar Baghel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sisir%20Kumar%20Nayak"> Sisir Kumar Nayak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The proposed metamaterial design help to increase the radiation efficiency at 2.9 GHz by reducing the side and back lobes by making the phase difference of the waves emerging from the phase center of the horn antenna same after passing through metamaterial array. The unit cell of the metamaterial is having concentric ring structure made of copper of 0.035 mm thickness on both sides of FR4 sheet. The inner ring diameter is kept as 3 mm, and the outer ring diameters are changed according to the path and tramission phase difference of the unit cell from the phase center of the antenna in both the horizontal and vertical direction, i.e., in x- and y-axis. In this case, the ring radius varies from 3.19 mm to 6.99 mm with the respective S21 phase difference of -62.25° to -124.64°. The total phase difference can be calculated by adding the path difference of the respective unit cell in the array to the phase difference of S21. Taking one of the unit cell as the reference, the total phase difference between the reference unit cell and other cells must be integer multiple of 360°. The variation of transmission coefficient S21 with the ring radius is greater than -6 dB. The array having 5 x 5 unit cell is kept inside the pyramidal horn antenna (L X B X H = 295.451 x 384.233 x 298.66 mm3) at a distance of 36.68 mm from the waveguide throat. There is an improvement in side lobe level in E-plane by 14.6 dB when the array is used. The front to back lobe ration is increased by 1 dB by using the array. The proposed antenna with metamaterial array can be used in beam shaping for wireless power transfer applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metamaterial" title="metamaterial">metamaterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=side%20lobe%20level" title=" side lobe level"> side lobe level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=front%20to%20back%20ratio" title=" front to back ratio"> front to back ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20forming" title=" beam forming "> beam forming </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82897/improving-radiation-efficiency-using-metamaterial-in-pyramidal-horn-antenna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5036</span> Structural and Phase Transformations of Pure and Silica Treated Nanofibrous Al₂O₃</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20H.%20N.%20Nguyen">T. H. N. Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Khodan"> A. Khodan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Amamra"> M. Amamra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J-V.%20Vignes"> J-V. Vignes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kanaev"> A. Kanaev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ultraporous nanofibrous alumina (NOA, Al2O3·nH2O) was synthesized by oxidation of laminated aluminium plates through a liquid mercury-silver layer in a humid atmosphere ~80% at 25°C. The material has an extremely high purity (99%), porosity (90%) and specific area (300 m2/g). The subsequent annealing of raw NOA permits obtaining pure transition phase (γ and θ) nanostructured materials. In this combination, we report on chemical, structural and phase transformations of pure and modified NOA by an impregnation of trimethylethoxysilane (TMES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) during thermal annealing in the temperature range between 20 and 1650°C. The mass density, specific area, average diameter and specific area are analysed. The 3D model of pure NOA monoliths and silica modified NOA is proposed, which successfully describes the evolution of specific area, mass density and phase transformations. Activation energies of the mass transport in two regimes of surface diffusion and bulk sintering were obtained based on this model. We conclude about a common origin of modifications of the NOA morphology, chemical composition and phase transition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructured%20materials" title="nanostructured materials">nanostructured materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alumina%20%28Al%E2%82%82O%E2%82%83%29" title=" alumina (Al₂O₃)"> alumina (Al₂O₃)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transitions" title=" phase transitions"> phase transitions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51234/structural-and-phase-transformations-of-pure-and-silica-treated-nanofibrous-al2o3" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5035</span> A Semi-Implicit Phase Field Model for Droplet Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Kazemi">M. H. Kazemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Salac"> D. Salac</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A semi-implicit phase field method for droplet evolution is proposed. Using the phase field Cahn-Hilliard equation, we are able to track the interface in multiphase flow. The idea of a semi-implicit finite difference scheme is reviewed and employed to solve two nonlinear equations, including the Navier-Stokes and the Cahn-Hilliard equations. The use of a semi-implicit method allows us to have larger time steps compared to explicit schemes. The governing equations are coupled and then solved by a GMRES solver (generalized minimal residual method) using modified Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization. To show the validity of the method, we apply the method to the simulation of a rising droplet, a leaky dielectric drop and the coalescence of drops. The numerical solutions to the phase field model match well with existing solutions over a defined range of variables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coalescence" title="coalescence">coalescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaky%20dielectric" title=" leaky dielectric"> leaky dielectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20method" title=" numerical method"> numerical method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20field" title=" phase field"> phase field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rising%20droplet" title=" rising droplet"> rising droplet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-implicit%20method" title=" semi-implicit method"> semi-implicit method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50305/a-semi-implicit-phase-field-model-for-droplet-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5034</span> Voltage Sag Characteristics during Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Faults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioannis%20Binas">Ioannis Binas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marios%20Moschakis"> Marios Moschakis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrical faults in transmission and distribution networks can have great impact on the electrical equipment used. Fault effects depend on the characteristics of the fault as well as the network itself. It is important to anticipate the network’s behavior during faults when planning a new equipment installation, as well as troubleshooting. Moreover, working backwards, we could be able to estimate the characteristics of the fault when checking the perceived effects. Different transformer winding connections dominantly used in the Greek power transfer and distribution networks and the effects of 1-phase to neutral, phase-to-phase, 2-phases to neutral and 3-phase faults on different locations of the network were simulated in order to present voltage sag characteristics. The study was performed on a generic network with three steps down transformers on two voltage level buses (one 150 kV/20 kV transformer and two 20 kV/0.4 kV). We found that during faults, there are significant changes both on voltage magnitudes and on phase angles. The simulations and short-circuit analysis were performed using the PSCAD simulation package. This paper presents voltage characteristics calculated for the simulated network, with different approaches on the transformer winding connections during symmetrical and asymmetrical faults on various locations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phase%20angle%20shift" title="Phase angle shift">Phase angle shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20quality" title=" power quality"> power quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer%20winding%20connections" title=" transformer winding connections"> transformer winding connections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20sag%20propagation" title=" voltage sag propagation"> voltage sag propagation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123004/voltage-sag-characteristics-during-symmetrical-and-asymmetrical-faults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5033</span> An Investigation of New Phase Diagram of Ag2SO4-CaSO4</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20V.%20Joat">Ravi V. Joat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravin%20S.%20Bodke"> Pravin S. Bodke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shradha%20S.%20Binani"> Shradha S. Binani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Wasnik"> S. S. Wasnik </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A phase diagram of the Ag2SO4 - CaSO4 (Silver sulphate – Calcium Sulphate) binaries system using conductivity, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction Technique) and DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis) data is constructed. The eutectic reaction (liquid -» a-Ag2SO4 + CaSO4) is observed at 10 mole% CaSO4 and 645°C. Room temperature solid solubility limit up to 5.27 mole % of Ca 2+ in Ag2SO4 is set using X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results. All compositions beyond this limit are two-phase mixtures below and above the transition temperature (≈ 416°C). The bulk conductivity, obtained following complex impedance spectroscopy, is found decreasing with increase in CaSO4 content. Amongst other binary compositions, the 80AgSO4-20CaSO4 gave improved sinterability/packing density. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20diagram" title="phase diagram">phase diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ag2SO4-CaSO4%20binaries%20system" title=" Ag2SO4-CaSO4 binaries system"> Ag2SO4-CaSO4 binaries system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity" title=" conductivity"> conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XRD" title=" XRD"> XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DTA" title=" DTA"> DTA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9345/an-investigation-of-new-phase-diagram-of-ag2so4-caso4" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">625</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5032</span> Cultural Resources Management of the Early Hospitals in Jordan between: 1890-1950</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawdat%20Goussous">Jawdat Goussous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samer%20Abu%20Ghazaleh"> Samer Abu Ghazaleh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heritage is closely linked with the national identity and because Jordan is a rich country of heritage where many civilizations had lived from early beginning of history ,therefore the conservation of this heritage is national task that gives many benefits as correlation between local inhabitance and enhance the linked with spirit of place . This study takes into account the most important concentration on some of old hospitals in Jordan ,which were constructed between 1890-1950 ,looking in their historical and architectural heritage values gained by their architectural distinguished ,longevity and their linked with events that happened in the region. then Focus on the study and analysis of some of them in terms of conservation methodology that have been followed to conserve the early hospitals such as preservation ,maintenance ,adaptive reuse , And their positive effects on these buildings, emphasize the importance of these buildings because of their historical and architectural values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evangelical%20missionary" title="evangelical missionary">evangelical missionary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20hospitals" title=" early hospitals"> early hospitals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20services" title=" medical services"> medical services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renovation" title=" renovation"> renovation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16791/cultural-resources-management-of-the-early-hospitals-in-jordan-between-1890-1950" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5031</span> A Comprehensive Evaluation of Supervised Machine Learning for the Phase Identification Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brandon%20Foggo">Brandon Foggo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanpeng%20Yu"> Nanpeng Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Power distribution circuits undergo frequent network topology changes that are often left undocumented. As a result, the documentation of a circuit’s connectivity becomes inaccurate with time. The lack of reliable circuit connectivity information is one of the biggest obstacles to model, monitor, and control modern distribution systems. To enhance the reliability and efficiency of electric power distribution systems, the circuit’s connectivity information must be updated periodically. This paper focuses on one critical component of a distribution circuit’s topology - the secondary transformer to phase association. This topology component describes the set of phase lines that feed power to a given secondary transformer (and therefore a given group of power consumers). Finding the documentation of this component is call Phase Identification, and is typically performed with physical measurements. These measurements can take time lengths on the order of several months, but with supervised learning, the time length can be reduced significantly. This paper compares several such methods applied to Phase Identification for a large range of real distribution circuits, describes a method of training data selection, describes preprocessing steps unique to the Phase Identification problem, and ultimately describes a method which obtains high accuracy (> 96% in most cases, > 92% in the worst case) using only 5% of the measurements typically used for Phase Identification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20network" title="distribution network">distribution network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20topology" title=" network topology"> network topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20identification" title=" phase identification"> phase identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89022/a-comprehensive-evaluation-of-supervised-machine-learning-for-the-phase-identification-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5030</span> Numerical Investigation of Thermal Energy Storage System with Phase Change Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrityunjay%20Kumar%20Sinha">Mrityunjay Kumar Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayank%20Srivastava"> Mayank Srivastava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The position of interface and temperature variation of phase change thermal energy storage system under constant heat injection and radiative heat injection is analysed during charging/discharging process by Heat balance integral method. The charging/discharging process is solely governed by conduction. Phase change material is kept inside a rectangular cavity. Time-dependent fixed temperature and radiative boundary condition applied on one wall, all other walls are thermally insulated. Interface location and temperature variation are analysed by using MATLAB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conduction" title="conduction">conduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melting%2Fsolidification" title=" melting/solidification"> melting/solidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change%20materials" title=" phase change materials"> phase change materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%E2%80%99s%20number" title=" Stefan’s number"> Stefan’s number</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56671/numerical-investigation-of-thermal-energy-storage-system-with-phase-change-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5029</span> Sustainable and Aesthetic Features of Traditional Architectures in Central Part of Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azadeh%20Rezafar">Azadeh Rezafar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iran is one of the oldest countries with traditional culture in the world. All over the history Iranians had traditional architectural designs, which were at the same time sustainable, ecological, functional and environmental consistent. These human scale architectures were built for maximum use, comfort, climate adaptation with available resources and techniques. Climate variability of the country caused developing of variety design methods. More of these methods such as windcatchers in Yazd City or Panam (Insulation) were scientific solutions at the same time. Renewable energy resources were used in these methods that featured in them. While climate and ecological issues were dominant parts of these traditional designs, aesthetic and beauty issues were not ignored. Conformity with the community’s culture caused more compact designs that the visual aesthetics of them can be seen inside of them. Different organizations of space were used for these visual aesthetic issues inside the houses as well as historical urban designs. For example dry and hot climates in central parts of the country designed with centralized organization. Most central parts of these designs functioned as a courtyard for temperate the air in the summer. This paper will give summary descriptive information about traditional Iranian architectural style by figures all around the country with different climate conditions, while focus of the paper is traditional architectural design of the central part of the country, with dry and hot climate condition. This information may be useful for contemporary architectural designs, which are designed without noticing to the vernacular condition and caused cities look like each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20design" title="architectural design">architectural design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20design" title=" traditional design"> traditional design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability "> sustainability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76955/sustainable-and-aesthetic-features-of-traditional-architectures-in-central-part-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5028</span> First-Principles Calculations and Thermo-Calc Study of the Elastic and Thermodynamic Properties of Ti-Nb-ZR-Ta Alloy for Biomedical Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Madigoe">M. Madigoe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Modiba"> R. Modiba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High alloyed beta (β) phase-stabilized titanium alloys are known to have a low elastic modulus comparable to that of the human bone (≈30 GPa). The β phase in titanium alloys exhibits an elastic Young’s modulus of about 60-80 GPa, which is nearly half that of α-phase (100-120 GPa). In this work, a theoretical investigation of structural stability and thermodynamic stability, as well as the elastic properties of a quaternary Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloy, will be presented with an attempt to lower Young’s modulus. The structural stability and elastic properties of the alloy were evaluated using the first-principles approach within the density functional theory (DFT) framework implemented in the CASTEP code. The elastic properties include bulk modulus B, elastic Young’s modulus E, shear modulus cʹ and Poisson’s ratio v. Thermodynamic stability, as well as the fraction of β phase in the alloy, was evaluated using the Thermo-Calc software package. Thermodynamic properties such as Gibbs free energy (Δ?⁰?) and enthalpy of formation will be presented in addition to phase proportion diagrams. The stoichiometric compositions of the alloy is Ti-Nbx-Ta5-Zr5 (x = 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 at.%). An optimum alloy composition must satisfy the Born stability criteria and also possess low elastic Young’s modulus. In addition, the alloy must be thermodynamically stable, i.e., Δ?⁰? < 0. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20modulus" title="elastic modulus">elastic modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20proportion%20diagram" title=" phase proportion diagram"> phase proportion diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-calc" title=" thermo-calc"> thermo-calc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%20alloys" title=" titanium alloys"> titanium alloys</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141420/first-principles-calculations-and-thermo-calc-study-of-the-elastic-and-thermodynamic-properties-of-ti-nb-zr-ta-alloy-for-biomedical-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5027</span> Phase Segregating and Complex Forming Pb Based (=X-Pb) Liquid Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indra%20Bahadur%20Bhandari">Indra Bahadur Bhandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narayan%20Panthi"> Narayan Panthi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishwar%20Koirala"> Ishwar Koirala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devendra%20Adhikari"> Devendra Adhikari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have used a theoretical model based on the assumption of compound formation in binary alloys to study the thermodynamic, microscopic, and surface properties of Bi-Pb and In-Pb liquid alloys. A review of the phase diagrams for these alloys shows that one of the stable complexes for Bi-Pb liquid alloy is BiPb3; also, that InPb is a stable phase in liquid In-Pb alloys. Using the same interaction parameters that are fitted for the free energy of mixing, we have been able to compute the bulk and thermodynamic properties of the alloys. From our observations, we are able to show that the Bi-Pb liquid alloy exhibits compound formation over the whole concentration range and the In-Pb alloys undergo phase separation. With regards to surface properties, Pb segregates more to the surface in In-Pb alloys than in Bi-Pb alloys. The viscosity isotherms have a positive deviation from ideality for both Bi-Pb and In-Pb alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetry" title="asymmetry">asymmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bi-Pb" title=" Bi-Pb"> Bi-Pb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deviation" title=" deviation"> deviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In-Pb" title=" In-Pb"> In-Pb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20parameters" title=" interaction parameters"> interaction parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136406/phase-segregating-and-complex-forming-pb-based-x-pb-liquid-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5026</span> Turbulent Forced Convection of Cu-Water Nanofluid: CFD Models Comparison</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Behroyan">I. Behroyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Ganesan"> P. Ganesan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20He"> S. He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sivasankaran"> S. Sivasankaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study compares the predictions of five types of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models, including two single-phase models (i.e. Newtonian and non-Newtonian) and three two-phase models (Eulerian-Eulerian, mixture and Eulerian-Lagrangian), to investigate turbulent forced convection of Cu-water nanofluid in a tube with a constant heat flux on the tube wall. The Reynolds (Re) number of the flow is between 10,000 and 25,000, while the volume fraction of Cu particles used is in the range of 0 to 2%. The commercial CFD package of ANSYS-Fluent is used. The results from the CFD models are compared with results from experimental investigations from literature. According to the results of this study, non-Newtonian single-phase model, in general, does not show a good agreement with Xuan and Li correlation in prediction of Nu number. Eulerian-Eulerian model gives inaccurate results expect for φ=0.5%. Mixture model gives a maximum error of 15%. Newtonian single-phase model and Eulerian-Lagrangian model, in overall, are the recommended models. This work can be used as a reference for selecting an appreciate model for future investigation. The study also gives a proper insight about the important factors such as Brownian motion, fluid behavior parameters and effective nanoparticle conductivity which should be considered or changed by the each model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-phase%20models" title=" single-phase models"> single-phase models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20models" title=" two-phase models"> two-phase models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13910/turbulent-forced-convection-of-cu-water-nanofluid-cfd-models-comparison" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20phase&page=4" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20phase&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20phase&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20phase&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20phase&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span 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