CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>袗袧袚袝袥袨袙</title> <meta name='yandex-verification' content='59059b16b0c4ed51' /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="ru" /> <meta name="keywords" content="袗袧袚袝袥袨袙" /> <meta name="description" content="袗袧袚袝袥袨袙. 袘芯薪褞小褌芯褟薪芯胁 (1915-1989), 斜芯谢谐. 褋谢邪胁懈褋褌, 邪褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎, 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻谢懈褌-褉褘, 锌褉芯褎." /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟" href="http://www.pravenc.ru/encyclopedia.rss" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟" href="/opensearch.xml" />  <link href="/css/stylesheet.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen" /> <link href="/css/printstylesheet.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" />            <link href="/css/highslide.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="/css/enc.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <script src="/js/encycloped.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=561361341" /> </head> <body itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"> <div class="supercontainer"> <div class="container"> <div class="container"> <div class="container"> <div class="container"> <div class="container"> <div class="container"> <div class="container"> <div class="incontainer"> <div class="logo" style="float:left;"><a href="/"><img width="440" height="80" src="/images/_.gif" alt='' /></a></div> <div class="search"><div class="search"><div class="search"><div class="search"> <form name="search" method="get" action="/search/" accept-charset="utf-8"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="utf-8" /> <input type="hidden" name="oe" value="utf-8" /> <div class="search_form"> <input type="search" name="text" maxlength="200" value="锌芯懈褋泻" onfocus="focusSearchInp(this)" onblur="blurSearchInp(this)" /> <div class="search_form"></div> </div> </form> <small><a href="/search/advanced.html" class="pot">褉邪褋褕懈褉械薪薪褘泄锌芯懈褋泻</a></small> </div></div></div></div> <div id='nav-first'> <div class="nav-to-rss"><a href="/encyclopedia.rss">锌芯写锌懈褋邪褌褜褋褟薪邪 rss-泻邪薪邪谢</a></div> <div class="nav-to-mobile"><a href="http://m.pravenc.ru">屑芯斜懈谢褜薪邪褟胁械褉褋懈褟</a></div> <div class="nav-to-shop"><a href="/shop/">泻褍锌懈褌褜袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪褍褞褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褞</a></div> </div> <br clear="all" />  <div class="main_menu nav"> <ul> <li><a href="/list.html">小谢芯胁薪懈泻</a></li> <li><a href="/rubrics/index.html">袪褍斜褉懈泻邪褌芯褉</a></li> <li><a href="/selected.html">袠蟹斜褉邪薪薪褘械褋褌邪褌褜懈</a></li> <li><a href="/text/73090.html">袨褌褉械写邪泻褑懈懈</a></li> <li><a href="/calendar/index.html">袣邪谢械薪写邪褉褜</a></li> <li><a href="/illustrations/index.html">袠谢谢褞褋褌褉邪褑懈懈</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="/new.html">袧芯胁芯械胁褝谢械泻褌褉芯薪薪芯泄胁械褉褋懈懈</a></li> <li><a href="/changed.html">袠褋锌褉邪胁谢械薪薪褘械褋褌邪褌褜懈</a></li> <li><a href="/updated.html">袛芯锌芯谢薪械薪薪褘械褋褌邪褌褜懈</a></li> <li><a href="/vol/dop.html">袧芯胁褘械褋褌邪褌褜懈</a></li> <li><a href="/abbreviations/">小锌懈褋芯泻褋芯泻褉邪褖械薪懈泄</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div class="intro"> 袛芯斜褉芯锌芯卸邪谢芯胁邪褌褜胁芯写懈薪懈蟹褋邪屑褘褏锌芯谢薪褘褏褋胁芯写芯胁蟹薪邪薪懈泄锌芯袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁懈褞懈懈褋褌芯褉懈懈褉械谢懈谐懈懈 <br />协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟懈蟹写邪械褌褋褟锌芯斜谢邪谐芯褋谢芯胁械薪懈褞 <b><a href="//pravenc.ru/text/64696.html">袩邪褌褉懈邪褉褏邪袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯谐芯懈胁褋械褟袪褍褋懈袗谢械泻褋懈褟 II</a></b><br /> 懈锌芯斜谢邪谐芯褋谢芯胁械薪懈褞 <b><a href="//pravenc.ru/text/1840307.html">袩邪褌褉懈邪褉褏邪袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯谐芯懈胁褋械褟袪褍褋懈袣懈褉懈谢谢邪</a></b><br /><br /> <a href="//pravenc.ru/text/190611.html"><b>袣邪泻锌褉懈芯斜褉械褋褌懈褌芯屑邪 "袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪芯泄褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈"</b></a><br /> <div id="vols-pagination"> <span><a href="/vol/dop.html">0</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/i.html">1</a></span> <span><b>2</b></span> <span><a href="/vol/iii.html">3</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/iv.html">4</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/v.html">5</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/vi.html">6</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/vii.html">7</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/viii.html">8</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/ix.html">9</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/x.html">10</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xi.html">11</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xii.html">12</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xiii.html">13</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xiv.html">14</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xv.html">15</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xvi.html">16</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xvii.html">17</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xviii.html">18</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xix.html">19</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xx.html">20</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/XXI.html">21</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxii.html">22</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxiii.html">23</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxiv.html">24</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxv.html">25</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxvi.html">26</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxvii.html">27</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxviii.html">28</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxix.html">29</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxx.html">30</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxxi.html">31</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxxii.html">32</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxxiii.html">33</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/XXXIV.html">34</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxxv.html">35</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxxvi.html">36</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxxvii.html">37</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/XXXVIII.html">38</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xxxix.html">39</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xl.html">40</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xli.html">41</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xlii.html">42</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xliii.html">43</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xliv.html">44</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/XLV.html">45</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xlvi.html">46</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/xlvii.html">47</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/XLVIII.html">48</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/XLIX.html">49</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/L.html">50</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/LI.html">51</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/LII.html">52</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/LIII.html">53</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/liv.html">54</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lv.html">55</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/LVI.html">56</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/LVII.html">57</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lviii.html">58</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/LIX.html">59</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lx.html">60</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxi.html">61</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/LXII.html">62</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxiii.html">63</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxiv.html">64</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxv.html">65</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxvi.html">66</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxvii.html">67</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxviii.html">68</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxix.html">69</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxx.html">70</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxxi.html">71</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxxii.html">72</a></span> <span><a href="/vol/lxxiii.html">73</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="print_intro">袦邪褌械褉懈邪谢懈蟹袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪芯泄协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈锌芯写褉械写邪泻褑懈械泄袩邪褌褉懈邪褉褏邪袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯谐芯懈胁褋械褟袪褍褋懈袣懈褉懈谢谢邪</div> <br clear="all" /> <div itemscope itemtype="http://webmaster.yandex.ru/vocabularies/enc-article.xml"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <div class="box"> <span class="ModuleWindowHeader"><span class="article_title">袗袧袚袝袥袨袙</span></span> <span class="content"> <div class="article_dashboard_space"><nobr> <div class="button"><img src="/images/icon_backward.gif" width="11" height="9" border="0" alt="" /> <a href="/text/115084.html" rel="prev">锌褉械写褘写褍褖邪褟褋褌邪褌褜褟</a></div> <div class="button"><img src="/images/icon_forward.gif" width="11" height="9" border="0" alt="" /> <a href="/text/115088.html" rel="next">褋谢械写褍褞褖邪褟褋褌邪褌褜褟</a></div> <div class="button"><img src="/images/icon_print.gif" width="13" height="10" border="0" alt="胁械褉褋懈褟写谢褟锌械褔邪褌懈" /> <a href="http://www.pravenc.ru/text/print/115086.html">锌械褔邪褌褜</a></div> <div class="button"><a href="http://188.254.92.189/wlib/wlib/html/_modules/search/_additional/find.php?iddb=150&ID=CNC/PRAVENC/115086" target="_blank"><img src="/images/bib_icon_h10.gif" width="9" height="10" border="0" alt="斜懈斜谢懈芯褌械泻邪" /></a> <a href="http://188.254.92.189/wlib/wlib/html/_modules/search/_additional/find.php?iddb=150&ID=CNC/PRAVENC/115086" target="_blank">斜懈斜谢懈芯褌械泻邪</a></div> <div class="info"><span style="margin-right:20px;"> <a href="/vol/ii.html">2</a>, 小. 298-299 </span> <img src="/images/icon_clock.gif" width="10" height="8" border="0" alt="" /><b>芯锌褍斜谢懈泻芯胁邪薪芯:</b> 16 褋械薪褌褟斜褉褟 2008谐.</div> </nobr> <div style="clear: both; height:0px;"></div> </div> <br clear="all" /> <br clear="all" /> <div class="article_text" > <h1 class="article_title" itemprop="title">袗袧袚袝袥袨袙</h1> <div itemprop="content"><p> 袘芯薪褞 (袘芯薪褜芯) 小褌芯褟薪芯胁 (6.01.1915, 褋. 袚芯褉薪芯-袩邪薪懈褔械褉械胁芯, 褋芯胁褉. 褋. 携谐芯写邪小褌邪褉芯蟹邪谐芯褉褋泻芯谐芯芯泻褉.- 26.10.1989, 小芯褎懈褟), 斜芯谢谐. 褋谢邪胁懈褋褌, 邪褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎, 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻谢懈褌-褉褘, 锌褉芯褎. (褋 1967). 袨泻芯薪褔懈谢褋谢邪胁. 芯褌写-薪懈械褎懈谢芯谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯褎邪泻-褌邪 <a href="/text/小芯褎懈泄褋泻芯谐芯褍薪-褌邪懈屑褋胁袣谢懈屑械薪褌邪袨褏褉懈写褋泻芯谐芯.html"style="font-style:italic;">小芯褎懈泄褋泻芯谐芯褍薪-褌邪懈屑. 褋胁. 袣谢懈屑械薪褌邪袨褏褉懈写褋泻芯谐芯</a> (1938), 锌褉械锌芯写邪胁邪谢胁谐懈屑薪邪蟹懈褟褏袩谢械胁械薪邪, 袣邪褉谢芯胁芯, 斜褘谢写懈褉械泻褌芯褉芯屑谐懈屑薪邪蟹懈懈胁袣邪蟹邪薪谢褘泻械 (写芯 1946). 袪邪斜芯褌邪谢胁袠薪-褌械斜芯谢谐. 褟蟹褘泻邪 (褋 1946) 懈袠薪-褌械谢懈褌-褉褘袘芯谢谐邪褉褋泻芯泄袗袧 (褋 1949, 蟹邪屑. 写懈褉械泻褌芯褉邪 1974-1977). 效谢械薪褉械写泻芯谢谢械谐懈懈卸. <a href="/text/ 小褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪 .html"style="font-style:italic;">芦小褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪禄</a> 褋芯胁褉械屑械薪懈械谐芯胁芯蟹薪懈泻薪芯胁械薪懈褟 (1971), 蟹邪褋谢褍卸械薪薪褘泄写械褟褌械谢褜薪邪褍泻懈袘芯谢谐邪褉懈懈 (1983), 谢邪褍褉械邪褌锌褉械屑懈懈袩邪懈褋懈褟啸懈谢邪薪写邪褉褋泻芯谐芯 (1987). </p> <p> 袣褉褍谐懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪褌械谢褜褋泻懈褏懈薪褌械褉械褋芯胁袗. 斜褘谢胁械褋褜屑邪褕懈褉芯泻懈胁褏褉芯薪芯谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻芯屑, 懈胁谐械芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻芯屑芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈懈懈胁泻谢褞褔邪谢胁褋械斜褟泻懈褉懈谢谢芯-屑械褎芯写懈械胁褋泻褍褞锌褉芯斜谢械屑邪褌懈泻褍, 懈褋褌芯褉懈褞斜芯谢谐邪褉褋泻芯泄谢懈褌-褉褘 IX - 1-泄锌芯谢. XIX 胁., 斜芯谢谐邪褉芯-褉褍屑褘薪., 斜芯谢谐邪褉芯-褉褍褋. 懈斜芯谢谐邪褉芯-褋械褉斜. 褋褉械写薪械胁械泻. 谢懈褌. 懈泻薪懈卸薪褘械褋胁褟蟹懈. 袗.- 芯写懈薪懈蟹邪胁褌芯褉芯胁 1-谐芯褌. 邪泻邪写械屑懈褔械褋泻芯泄芦袠褋褌芯褉懈懈斜芯谢谐邪褉褋泻芯泄谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘禄 (小芯褎懈褟, 1963). 袝谐芯锌械褉褍锌褉懈薪邪写谢械卸懈褌褌邪泻卸械芯斜芯斜褖邪褞褖懈泄褌褉褍写芦袘芯褉斜邪蟹邪写械谢芯褌芯薪邪袣懈褉懈谢懈袦械褌芯写懈泄禄, 锌芯褋胁褟褖械薪薪褘泄褉芯谢懈懈蟹薪邪褔械薪懈褞泻懈褉懈谢谢芯-屑械褎芯写懈械胁褋泻芯泄褌褉邪写懈褑懈懈胁褋褌邪薪芯胁谢械薪懈懈薪芯胁芯泄斜芯谢谐. 泻褍谢褜褌褍褉褘懈胁褎芯褉屑懈褉芯胁邪薪懈懈薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯谐芯褋邪屑芯褋芯蟹薪邪薪懈褟胁 XIX 胁. 袨褋薪芯胁薪褘械懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪薪懈褟袗. 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪褘胁褎芯褉屑械屑邪谢芯谐芯卸邪薪褉邪 - 褋褌邪褌械泄, 芯褔械褉泻芯胁, 褋芯写械褉卸邪褖懈褏蟹邪褔邪褋褌褍褞锌褍斜谢懈泻邪褑懈懈薪械懈蟹胁械褋褌薪褘褏懈谢懈褉械写泻懈褏褌械泻褋褌芯胁懈懈褏褋锌懈褋泻芯胁; 褌械屑邪褌懈褔械褋泻懈屑懈褋斜芯褉薪懈泻邪屑懈褟胁谢褟褞褌褋褟锌芯褋褍褖械褋褌胁褍懈械谐芯泻薪懈谐懈, 褔褌芯薪械褍屑邪谢褟械褌懈褏薪邪褍褔薪芯谐芯蟹薪邪褔械薪懈褟. 袨写薪褍懈蟹芯褋薪芯胁薪褘褏褋褌芯褉芯薪懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪褌械谢褜褋泻芯泄写械褟褌械谢褜薪芯褋褌懈袗. 褋芯褋褌邪胁谢褟谢懈锌芯褋褌芯褟薪薪褘械邪褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻懈械褉邪蟹褘褋泻邪薪懈褟. 袩芯屑懈屑芯斜芯谢谐. 褉褍泻芯锌懈褋薪褘褏褋芯斜褉邪薪懈泄芯薪屑薪芯谐芯褉邪斜芯褌邪谢胁褏褉邪薪懈谢懈褖邪褏袪褍屑褘薪懈懈, 挟谐芯褋谢邪胁懈懈 (袘械谢谐褉邪写, 袟邪谐褉械斜) 懈胁芯褋芯斜械薪薪芯褋褌懈小小小袪 (袣懈械胁, 袥械薪懈薪谐褉邪写, 袦芯褋泻胁邪). 袪械蟹褍谢褜褌邪褌邪屑懈褝褌懈褏锌芯懈褋泻芯胁褟胁懈谢懈褋褜褉邪斜芯褌褘, 芯斜褗械写懈薪械薪薪褘械胁褋斜芯褉薪懈泻懈芦袠蟹褋褌邪褉邪褌邪斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪, 褉褍褋泻邪懈褋褉褗斜褋泻邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪禄 (小芯褎懈褟, 1958-1978. 袣薪. 1-3), 芦袠蟹懈褋褌芯褉懈褟褌邪薪邪褉褍褋泻芯-斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻懈褌械谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉薪懈胁褉褗蟹泻懈禄 (小芯褎懈褟, 1972,1980. 效. 1-2), 芦袠蟹懈褋褌芯褉懈褟褌邪薪邪褋褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪懈胁褗蟹褉芯卸写械薪褋泻邪褌邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪禄 (小芯褎懈褟, 1977), 芦袪褍褋泻芯-褞卸薪芯褋谢邪胁褟薪褋泻懈泻薪懈卸芯胁薪懈胁褉褗蟹泻懈禄 (小芯褎懈褟, 1982), 芦小褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻芯泻薪懈卸芯胁薪芯薪邪褋谢械写褋褌胁芯禄 (小芯褎懈褟, 1983) 懈写褉. 小褉械写懈薪邪懈斜芯谢械械蟹邪屑械褌薪褘褏胁薪邪褍褔薪芯屑芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈懈薪邪褏芯写芯泻袗.- 芦小泻邪蟹邪薪懈械懈薪芯泻邪啸褉懈褋褌芯写褍谢邪禄 (芦小泻邪蟹邪薪懈械芯卸械谢械蟹薪芯屑泻褉械褋褌械禄), 褍薪懈泻邪谢褜薪褘泄锌邪屑褟褌薪懈泻斜芯谢谐邪褉芯-胁懈蟹邪薪褌. 泻褍谢褜褌褍褉薪褘褏褋胁褟蟹械泄褉褍斜械卸邪 IX-啸胁胁.; 褑懈泻谢斜芯谢谐. 褔褍写械褋胁械谢懈泻芯屑褍褔械薪懈泻邪袚械芯褉谐懈褟, 蟹邪锌懈褋邪薪薪褘泄褋芯褋谢芯胁懈薪芯泻邪-斜芯谢谐邪褉懈薪邪锌械褉胁芯薪邪褔邪谢褜薪芯薪邪谐褉械褔. 褟蟹褘泻械胁袙懈褎懈薪懈懈懈胁褋泻芯褉械锌械褉械胁械写械薪薪褘泄薪邪褋谢邪胁褟薪褋泻懈泄. 袙械褋褜屑邪锌谢芯写芯褌胁芯褉薪芯泄芯泻邪蟹邪谢邪褋褜褌邪泻卸械邪褌褉懈斜褍褑懈褟袗. 褋胁. 袣谢懈屑械薪褌褍袨褏褉懈写褋泻芯屑褍袦懈薪械懈芯斜褖械泄芯褋芯斜芯谐芯褋芯褋褌邪胁邪薪邪芯褋薪芯胁邪薪懈懈褋褌懈谢懈褋褌懈褔械褋泻懈褏锌褉懈蟹薪邪泻芯胁 (袣芯薪褋褌邪薪褌懈薪-袣懈褉懈谢肖懈谢芯褋芯褎. 小芯褎懈褟, 1969. 小. 237-259), 褔褌芯锌芯写褌胁械褉写懈谢芯褋褜锌芯褋谢械薪邪褏芯写泻懈袚. <a href="/text/袩芯锌芯胁褘屑.html"style="font-style:italic;">袩芯锌芯胁褘屑</a> 胁泻邪薪芯薪邪褏锌邪屑褟褌薪懈泻邪 <a href="/text/袗泻褉芯褋褌懈褏.html"style="font-style:italic;">邪泻褉芯褋褌懈褏芯胁</a> 褋懈屑械薪械屑褝褌芯谐芯邪胁褌芯褉邪. </p> <p> 袘芯谢褜褕芯械屑械褋褌芯胁褌胁芯褉褔械褋泻芯屑薪邪褋谢械写懈懈袗. 蟹邪薪懈屑邪械褌褌邪泻卸械懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪薪懈械写械褟褌械谢褜薪芯褋褌懈褉褟写芯胁褘褏泻薪懈卸薪懈泻芯胁-泻薪懈谐芯锌懈褋褑械胁懈泻芯屑锌懈谢褟褌芯褉芯胁 XIV-XVIII 胁胁. (<a href="/text/袩械褉胁芯褋谢邪胁.html"style="font-style:italic;">袩械褉胁芯褋谢邪胁</a>, <a href="/text/袛懈屑懈褌褉懈泄袣褉邪褌芯胁械褑.html"style="font-style:italic;">袛懈屑懈褌褉懈泄袣褉邪褌芯胁械褑</a>, <a href="/text/袦邪褉写邪褉懈泄袪褘谢褜褋泻懈泄.html"style="font-style:italic;">袦邪褉写邪褉懈泄袪褘谢褜褋泻懈泄</a>, <a href="/text/袙懈褋褋邪褉懈芯薪袛械斜褉褋泻懈泄.html"style="font-style:italic;">袙懈褋褋邪褉懈芯薪袛械斜褉褋泻懈泄</a> 懈写褉.), 褋芯褋褌邪胁谢褟褞褖械械胁邪卸薪褍褞褔邪褋褌褜泻褍谢褜褌褍褉薪芯谐芯褎芯薪邪褝锌芯褏懈. 袛谢褟褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉懈褋褌懈泻懈锌械褉懈芯写邪薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯谐芯袙芯蟹褉芯卸写械薪懈褟, 邪褌屑芯褋褎械褉褘褌胁芯褉褔械褋褌胁邪芦芯褌褑邪禄薪芯胁芯斜芯谢谐. 懈褋褌芯褉懈芯谐褉邪褎懈懈懈械褉芯屑. 袩邪懈褋懈褟啸懈谢邪薪写邪褉褋泻芯谐芯斜芯谢褜褕芯械蟹薪邪褔械薪懈械懈屑械械褌泻薪懈谐邪芯褔械褉泻芯胁-锌芯褉褌褉械褌芯胁芦小褗胁褉械屑械薪薪懈褑懈薪邪袩邪懈褋懈泄禄 (小芯褎懈褟, 1963,1964. 2 褔.). </p> <p> 袗褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻懈械褉邪蟹褘褋泻邪薪懈褟袗. 薪邪褕谢懈褋胁芯械芯褌褉邪卸械薪懈械褌邪泻卸械胁泻褉褍锌薪褘褏锌褍斜谢懈泻邪褑懈褟褏褋褉械写薪械胁械泻. 褋谢邪胁. 懈褉邪薪薪懈褏薪芯胁芯斜芯谢谐. 褌械泻褋褌芯胁. 小芯胁屑械褋褌薪芯褋袣. <a href="/text/袠胁邪薪芯胁邪.html"style="font-style:italic;">袠胁邪薪芯胁芯泄</a> 懈袣. <a href="/text/袣褍械胁褘屑.html"style="font-style:italic;">袣褍械胁褘屑</a> 袗. 斜褘谢芯芯褋褍褖械褋褌胁谢械薪芯懈蟹写邪薪懈械褋芯斜褉邪薪懈褟褋芯褔懈薪械薪懈泄褋胁. <a href="/text/袣谢懈屑械薪褌袨褏褉懈写褋泻懈泄.html"style="font-style:italic;">袣谢懈屑械薪褌邪袨褏褉懈写褋泻芯谐芯</a> (小芯褎懈褟, 1970-1977. 3 褌.), 2-泄褌芯屑褋芯写械褉卸懈褌邪薪芯薪懈屑薪褘械褋谢邪胁. 褋谢芯胁邪懈锌芯褍褔械薪懈褟, 胁斜芯谢褜褕懈薪褋褌胁械褋胁芯械屑薪械锌褉懈薪邪写谢械卸邪褖懈械褝褌芯屑褍邪胁褌芯褉褍, 3-泄褌芯屑 - 锌褉芯褋褌褉邪薪薪褘械卸懈褌懈褟斜褉邪褌褜械胁-锌械褉胁芯褍褔懈褌械谢械泄袣芯薪褋褌邪薪褌懈薪邪-袣懈褉懈谢谢邪懈袦械褎芯写懈褟. 袠屑芯锌褍斜谢懈泻芯胁邪薪褘褌邪泻卸械芦袠褋褌芯褉懈褟褋谢邪胁褟薪芯斜芯谢谐邪褉褋泻邪褟禄袩邪懈褋懈褟啸懈谢邪薪写邪褉褋泻芯谐芯锌芯褋锌懈褋泻褍 1772 谐. (小芯褎懈褟, 1961) 懈械械褌. 薪. 芦褉褘谢褜褋泻邪褟锌械褉械褉邪斜芯褌泻邪禄 (袪懈谢褋泻邪锌褉械锌褉邪胁泻邪薪邪芦袠褋褌芯褉懈褟褋谢邪胁褟薪芯斜芯谢谐邪褉褋泻邪褟禄. 小芯褎懈褟, 1966). </p> <div class="reference"> 小芯褔.: 芦小谢芯胁芯芯锌芯谢泻褍袠谐芯褉械胁械禄懈斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪褌邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 小芯褎懈褟, 1956; 袠蟹褋褌邪褉邪褌邪斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪, 褉褍褋泻邪懈褋褉褗斜褋泻邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 小芯褎懈褟, 1958. 效. 1; 1967. 效. 2; 1978. 效. 3; 小褗胁褉械屑械薪薪懈褑懈薪邪袩邪懈褋懈泄. 小芯褎懈褟, 1963. 效. 1; 1964. 效. 2; 袩邪懈褋懈泄啸懈谢械薪写邪褉褋泻懈泄: 袠褋褌芯褉懈褟褋谢邪胁褟薪芯斜芯谢谐邪褉褋泻邪褟. 小芯褎懈褟, 1967; 袘芯褉斜邪蟹邪写械谢芯褌芯薪邪袣懈褉懈谢懈袦械褌芯写懈泄. 小芯褎懈褟, 1969; 袙蟹芯褉邪褌邪薪邪斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪胁褗蟹褉芯卸写械薪褋泻邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 小芯褎懈褟, 1969; <span style="font-style:italic;">袣谢懈屑械薪褌</span> <span style="font-style:italic;">袨褏褉懈写褋泻懈</span>. 小褗斜褉邪薪懈褋褗褔懈薪械薪懈褟. 小芯褎懈褟, 1970. 孝. 1; 1977. 孝. 2; 1973. 孝. 3 [褉械写. 褋芯胁屑. 褋袣. 袣褍械胁褘屑, X. 袣芯写芯胁褘屑懈袣. 袠胁邪薪芯胁芯泄]; 袠蟹懈褋褌芯褉懈褟褌邪薪邪褉褍褋泻芯-斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻懈褌械谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉薪懈胁褉褗蟹泻懈. 小芯褎懈褟, 1972. 效. 1; 1980. 效. 2; 袠蟹懈褋褌芯褉懈褟褌邪薪邪褋褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪褌邪懈胁褗蟹褉芯卸写械薪褋泻邪褌邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 小芯褎懈褟, 1977; 袣懈褉懈谢懈袦械褌芯写懈泄, 褋谢邪胁褟薪褋泻懈懈斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻懈锌褉芯褋胁械褌懈褌械谢懈. 小芯褎懈褟, 1977; 袪褍褋泻芯-褞卸薪芯褋谢邪胁褟薪褋泻懈泻薪懈卸芯胁薪懈胁褉褗蟹泻懈. 小芯褎懈褟, 1980; 小褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻懈锌懈褋邪褌械谢懈. 小芯褎懈褟, 1981; 小褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻芯泻薪懈卸芯胁薪芯薪邪褋谢械写褋褌胁芯. 小芯褎懈褟, 1983; 袩邪懈褋懈泄啸懈谢械薪写邪褉褋泻懈. 小芯褎懈褟, 1985. <table class="onepixdot"><tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="reference"> 袥懈褌.: 袣袦袝. 孝. 1. 小. 72-75; <span style="font-style:italic;">袦懈谢褌械薪芯胁邪</span> <span style="font-style:italic;">袗</span>. 袧邪褍褔薪芯褌芯写械谢芯薪邪锌褉芯褎. 袘芯薪褞小. 袗薪谐械谢芯胁 // 小褌邪褉斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 小芯褎懈褟, 1985. 袣薪. 18. 小. 3-19; 袩褉芯褎械褋芯褉袘芯薪褞袗薪谐械谢芯胁 (薪械泻褉芯谢芯谐) // 孝邪屑卸械. 小芯褎懈褟, 1990. 袣薪. 22. 小.172-173; 袝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟袘褗谢谐邪褉懈褟. 小芯褎懈褟, 1987. 孝. 1. 小. 74; 1996. 孝. 7. 小. 594; <span style="font-style:italic;">效芯谢芯胁</span> <span style="font-style:italic;">袩</span>. 袘褗谢谐邪褉褋泻懈懈褋褌芯褉懈褑懈. 小芯褎懈褟, 1999. 小. 12. <table class="onepixdot"><tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="reference"> 袘懈斜谢懈芯谐褉.: 小褌邪褉芯斜褗谢谐邪褉褋泻邪谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 小芯褎懈褟, 1985. 袣薪. 18. 小. 9-20. <table class="onepixdot"><tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="author"> <span style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">袗. 袗. 孝褍褉懈谢芯胁</span><span style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;"> </span></div></div> </div> <div class="see_also_kw"> <div class="header">袪褍斜褉懈泻懈:</div> <span><a href="/rubrics/122936.html">袩械褉褋芯薪邪谢懈懈邪褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎芯胁懈锌邪谢械芯谐褉邪褎芯胁</a></span> <meta itemprop="category" content="袩械褉褋芯薪邪谢懈懈邪褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎芯胁懈锌邪谢械芯谐褉邪褎芯胁" /> <span><a href="/rubrics/123326.html">袠褋褌芯褉懈褟谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘</a></span> <meta itemprop="category" content="袠褋褌芯褉懈褟谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘" /> <span><a href="/rubrics/123334.html">袟邪褉褍斜械卸薪邪褟谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 袩械褉褋芯薪邪谢懈懈</a></span> <meta itemprop="category" content="袟邪褉褍斜械卸薪邪褟谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪. 袩械褉褋芯薪邪谢懈懈" /> </div> <div class="see_also_kw"> <div class="header">袣谢褞褔械胁褘械褋谢芯胁邪:</div> <span><a href="/search/keywords.html?kw=590837">袠褋褌芯褉懈泻懈谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘</a></span> <span><a href="/search/keywords.html?kw=1185505">袗薪谐械谢芯胁袘芯薪褞小褌芯褟薪芯胁 (1915-1989), 斜芯谢谐邪褉褋泻懈泄褋谢邪胁懈褋褌, 邪褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎, 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘, 锌褉芯褎械褋褋芯褉</a></span> <span><a href="/search/keywords.html?kw=1185507">袗褉褏械芯谐褉邪褎褘斜芯谢谐邪褉褋泻懈械</a></span> <div class="header">小屑.褌邪泻卸械:</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/62474.html">袗袘袪袗袦袨袙袠效</a> 袛屑懈褌褉懈泄袠胁邪薪芯胁懈褔 (1873 - 1955), 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻褉褍褋褋泻芯泄谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘懈褟蟹褘泻邪</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/63628.html">袗袛袪袠袗袧袨袙袗-袩袝袪袝孝笑</a> 袙邪褉胁邪褉邪袩邪胁谢芯胁薪邪; 1888- 1972), 褎懈谢芯谢芯谐, 懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪褌械谢褜写褉械胁薪械褉褍褋. 谢懈褌-褉褘懈褎芯谢褜泻谢芯褉邪 </div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/114206.html">袗袥携袙袛袠袧</a> 袗薪邪褌芯谢懈泄袩邪胁谢芯胁懈褔 (1885-1965), 褋械屑懈褌芯谢芯谐, 褋锌械褑懈邪谢懈褋褌锌芯懈褋褌芯褉懈懈褋懈褉. 褟蟹褘泻邪懈谢懈褌-褉褘 </div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/115532.html">袗袧袠效袣袨袙</a> 袝胁谐械薪懈泄袙邪褋懈谢褜械胁懈褔 (1866-1937), 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘, 锌褉芯蟹邪懈泻</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/76440.html">袗袪啸袗袧袚袝袥鞋小袣袠袡</a> 袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉小械屑械薪芯胁懈褔 (1854-1926), 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘 </div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/153545.html">袘校袚袨小袥袗袙小袣袠袡</a> 小械褉谐械泄袗谢械泻褋械械胁懈褔 (1888 - 1945), 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻褉褍褋. 谢懈褌-褉褘, 褎芯谢褜泻谢芯褉懈褋褌, 屑褍蟹褘泻芯胁械写, 泻芯屑锌芯蟹懈褌芯褉</div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/highslide/highslide.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/highslide_cover.js"></script> <table class="onepixdot"><tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="footer"> <a href="https://fapmc.gov.ru/rospechat.html">协谢械泻褌褉芯薪薪邪褟胁械褉褋懈褟褉邪蟹褉邪斜芯褌邪薪邪锌褉懈褎懈薪邪薪褋芯胁芯泄锌芯写写械褉卸泻械肖械写械褉邪谢褜薪芯谐芯邪谐械薪褌褋褌胁邪锌芯锌械褔邪褌懈懈屑邪褋褋芯胁褘屑泻芯屑屑褍薪懈泻邪褑懈褟屑</a> <br /> © 1998 - 2023 笑械褉泻芯胁薪芯-薪邪褍褔薪褘泄褑械薪褌褉芦袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟禄. </div> <br clear="all" /> </body> </html>