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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Glazbeni stil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glazbeni_stil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glazbeni_utjecaj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glazbeni_utjecaj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Glazbeni utjecaj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glazbeni_utjecaj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izabrana_djela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izabrana_djela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Izabrana djela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izabrana_djela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjske_poveznice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vanjske poveznice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Maurice Ravel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 85 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">85 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph-Maurice_Ravel" title="Joseph-Maurice Ravel – švicarski njemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Joseph-Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="švicarski njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84" title="موريس رافيل – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="موريس رافيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84" title="موريس رافيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="موريس رافيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moris_Ravel" title="Moris Ravel – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Moris Ravel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Марыс Равель – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марыс Равель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Морис Равел – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Морис Равел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – korzički" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korzički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%A1%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AD%CE%BB" title="Μωρίς Ραβέλ – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μωρίς Ραβέλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="موریس راول – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موریس راول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C" title="מוריס ראוול – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוריס ראוול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD_%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Մորիս Ռավել – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մորիս Ռավել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D6%85%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD_%D5%8C%D5%A1%D6%82%D5%A7%D5%AC" title="Մօրիս Ռաւէլ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մօրիս Ռաւէլ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – interligua" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interligua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB" title="モーリス・ラヴェル – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モーリス・ラヴェル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მორის რაველი – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მორის რაველი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Жозеф Морис Равель – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жозеф Морис Равель" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%9D%BC%EB%B2%A8" title="모리스 라벨 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모리스 라벨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Морис Равель – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Морис Равель" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauricius_Ravel" title="Mauricius Ravel – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mauricius Ravel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moriss_Rav%C4%93ls" title="Moriss Ravēls – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Moriss Ravēls" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Морис Равел – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Морис Равел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – mirandski" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – kečuanski" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Равель, Морис – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Равель, Морис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – sicilijski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Морис Равел – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Морис Равел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Морис Равел – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Морис Равел" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA_%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5" title="มอริส ราแวล – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มอริส ราแวล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Моріс Жозеф Равель – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Моріс Жозеф Равель" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84" title="موغیس غاویل – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="موغیس غاویل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Maurice Ravel" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94" title="莫里斯·拉威尔 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="莫里斯·拉威尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE" title="莫里斯·拉威爾 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莫里斯·拉威爾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE" title="拉威爾 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="拉威爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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stavku na projektu Wikipodatci [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka na Wikipodatcima</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="font-size: 88%; text-align: left; width: 22em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #bfe0bf; color:#000000; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;" class="fn">Maurice Ravel </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Maurice_Ravel_1925.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maurice Ravel"><img alt="Maurice Ravel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Maurice_Ravel_1925.jpg/220px-Maurice_Ravel_1925.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Maurice_Ravel_1925.jpg/330px-Maurice_Ravel_1925.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Maurice_Ravel_1925.jpg/440px-Maurice_Ravel_1925.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span><br /><small>Maurice Ravel (1925.)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #DDDDDD;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background: #bfe0bf; font-size: 98%; text-align: right;"><div style="text-align:center;"><b>Životopisni podatci</b> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Rodno ime </th> <td>Joseph-Maurice Ravel </td></tr> <tr> <th>Rođenje </th> <td><a href="/wiki/7._o%C5%BEujka" title="7. ožujka">7. ožujka</a> <a href="/wiki/1875." title="1875.">1875.</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciboure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciboure (stranica ne postoji)">Ciboure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">Francuska</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Smrt </th> <td><a href="/wiki/28._prosinca" title="28. prosinca">28. prosinca</a> <a href="/wiki/1937." title="1937.">1937.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pariz" title="Pariz">Pariz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">Francuska</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background: #bfe0bf; font-size: 98%; text-align: right;"><div style="text-align:center;"><b>Djelo</b> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Razdoblje </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Modernizam" title="Modernizam">modernizam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neoklasicizam" title="Neoklasicizam">neoklasicizam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ekspresionizam" title="Ekspresionizam">ekspresionizam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Impresionizam" title="Impresionizam">impresionizam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Poznatija djela </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%A9ro" title="Boléro">Boléro</a></i><br /><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0panjolski_sat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Španjolski sat (stranica ne postoji)">Španjolski sat</a></i><br /><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0panjolska_rapsodija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Španjolska rapsodija (stranica ne postoji)">Španjolska rapsodija</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:lightblue; padding-top:3px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Glazba" title="Portal:Glazba">Portal o glazbi</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#efefef; padding-top:3px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%C5%BDivotopis" title="Portal:Životopis">Portal o životopisima</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Joseph-Maurice Ravel</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciboure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciboure (stranica ne postoji)">Ciboure</a>, <a href="/wiki/7._o%C5%BEujka" title="7. ožujka">7. ožujka</a> <a href="/wiki/1875." title="1875.">1875.</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pariz" title="Pariz">Pariz</a>, <a href="/wiki/28._prosinca" title="28. prosinca">28. prosinca</a> <a href="/wiki/1937." title="1937.">1937.</a>) je <a href="/wiki/Baskija" title="Baskija">baskijsko</a>-<a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">francuski</a> <a href="/wiki/Skladatelj" title="Skladatelj">skladatelj</a> i <a href="/wiki/Pijanist" title="Pijanist">pijanist</a> iz razdoblja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Impresionizam_(glazba)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Impresionizam (glazba) (stranica ne postoji)">impresionizma</a>. Njegova glazba je suptilna, bogata i oštra. Njegova <a href="/wiki/Klavir" class="mw-redirect" title="Klavir">pijanistička</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komorna_glazba" title="Komorna glazba">komorna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vokalna_glazba" title="Vokalna glazba">vokalna</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orkestralna_glazba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orkestralna glazba (stranica ne postoji)">orkestralna glazba</a> danas je neizostavni dio koncertnih repertoara. </p><p>Njegove klavirske skladbe kao <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeux_d%27eau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeux d'eau (stranica ne postoji)">Jeux d'eau</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miroirs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miroirs (stranica ne postoji)">Miroirs</a></i> i <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspard_de_la_nuit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaspard de la nuit (stranica ne postoji)">Gaspard de la nuit</a></i> zahtijevaju znatnu vještinu od izvođača, a njegove <a href="/wiki/Orkestar" title="Orkestar">orkestralne</a> skladbe, kao što su <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daphnis_i_Chloe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daphnis i Chloe (stranica ne postoji)">Daphnis i Chloe</a></i> i njegova obrada <a href="/wiki/Modest_Musorgski" class="mw-redirect" title="Modest Musorgski">Musorgskijevih</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Slike_s_izlo%C5%BEbe" title="Slike s izložbe">Slika s izložbe</a></i>, vrlo efektno koriste tonalnu boju, te različite zvukove i instrumente. </p><p>Široj publici, Ravel je poznat po svom orkestralnom djelu <i><a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%A9ro" title="Boléro">Boléro</a></i>, koje je on smatrao trivijalnim i jednom ga je opisao kao <i>"djelo za orkestar bez glazbe."</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Životopis"><span id=".C5.BDivotopis"></span>Životopis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Životopis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Životopis"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rani_život"><span id="Rani_.C5.BEivot"></span>Rani život</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Rani život" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Rani život"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Joseph_Ravel_Marie_Delouart.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Joseph_Ravel_Marie_Delouart.jpg/200px-Joseph_Ravel_Marie_Delouart.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Joseph_Ravel_Marie_Delouart.jpg/300px-Joseph_Ravel_Marie_Delouart.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Joseph_Ravel_Marie_Delouart.jpg 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="369" /></a><figcaption>Ravelovi roditelji – otac Joseph Ravel i majka Marie Delouart</figcaption></figure> <p>Joseph-Maurice Ravel rođen je <a href="/wiki/7._o%C5%BEujka" title="7. ožujka">7. ožujka</a> <a href="/wiki/1875." title="1875.">1875.</a> u francuskom mjestu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciboure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciboure (stranica ne postoji)">Ciboure</a>. Njegova majka Marie Delouart bila je <a href="/wiki/Baski" title="Baski">Baskijka</a>, a njegov otac Joseph Ravel bio je <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarci" title="Švicarci">švicarski</a> izumitelj i industrijalist. Neki od izuma njegova oca dosta su značajni, kao npr. jedan od prvih primjera <a href="/wiki/Motor_s_unutarnjim_izgaranjem" title="Motor s unutarnjim izgaranjem">motora s unutarnjim izgaranjem</a>. Nakon što su se Ravelovi preselili u <a href="/wiki/Pariz" title="Pariz">Pariz</a>, rođen je Mauriceov brat Édouard. Maurice je sa 7 godina počeo svirati klavir, a nekoliko godina poslije počeo je i skladati. Njegovi roditelji poticali su njegov glazbeni talent te ga šalju na <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pari%C5%A1ki_konzervatorij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pariški konzervatorij (stranica ne postoji)">Conservatoire de Paris</a></i>. Upoznavši se 1893. godine s glasovitim skladateljem i pijanistom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel_Chabrier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emmanuel Chabrier (stranica ne postoji)">Emmanueleom Chabrierom</a>, Ravel je pod dojmom tog susreta skladao <i>Sérénade Grotesque</i>. Tijekom studija, Ravel je zajedno s još nekim mladim umjetnicima osnovao skupinu <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Les_Apaches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Les Apaches (stranica ne postoji)">Les Apaches</a></i> koja je bila poznata po svojim bučnim pijankama. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Gabriel_Faure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gabriel_Faure.jpg/200px-Gabriel_Faure.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gabriel_Faure.jpg/300px-Gabriel_Faure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gabriel_Faure.jpg/400px-Gabriel_Faure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="872" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Gabriel Fauré</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Na konzervatoriju mu je predavao skladatelj <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Gabriel Fauré</a> i to u periodu od 14 godina. Godine <a href="/wiki/1901." title="1901.">1901.</a> napisao je svoje prvo klavirsko remekdjelo <i>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Igra_vode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Igra vode (stranica ne postoji)">Igra vode</a>"</i> posvetivši ga baš Fauréu. Tijekom studija više puta je pokušao osvojiti prestižnu nagradu <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prix_de_Rome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prix de Rome (stranica ne postoji)">Prix de Rome</a></i>, ali bez uspjeha. Nakon skandala oko njegovog neosvajanja nagrade <a href="/wiki/1905." title="1905.">1905.</a> (za koju je bio favorit) napustio je Konzervatorij. Taj skandal, znan i kao <i>Afera Ravel</i>, uzrokovao je ostavku tadašnjeg ravnatelja Konzervatorija <a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9odore_Dubois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Théodore Dubois (stranica ne postoji)">Théodora Duboisa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suradnja_s_Djagilevim_i_vrhunac_karijere">Suradnja s Djagilevim i vrhunac karijere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Suradnja s Djagilevim i vrhunac karijere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Suradnja s Djagilevim i vrhunac karijere"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prijateljstvo koje se razvilo između Ravela, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Debussya</a> i <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinski" title="Igor Stravinski">Stravinskog</a>, poticalo ih je na daljnje umjetničke eksperimente i prihvaćanje novih izazova. Počeli su studirati djela <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Arnold Schönberg">Arnolda Schönberga</a> i <a href="/wiki/Druga_be%C4%8Dka_%C5%A1kola" title="Druga bečka škola">njegovog bečkog kruga</a>. Ravel je kasnije počeo surađivati i s impresariom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sergej_Djagilev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sergej Djagilev (stranica ne postoji)">Sergejem Djagilevim</a> koji je na pozornici prikazao njegove balete <i>Ma Mère l'Oye</i> i <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daphnis_i_Chlo%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daphnis i Chloé (stranica ne postoji)">Daphnis i Chloé</a></i>. Balet <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daphnis_i_Chlo%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daphnis i Chloé (stranica ne postoji)">Daphnis i Chloé</a></i> naručio je sam Djagilev, a jednu od glavnih uloga plesao je <a href="/wiki/Vaclav_Ni%C5%BEinski" title="Vaclav Nižinski">Vaclav Nižinski</a>. Balet je postavljen baš uz pomoć Stravinskog i Debussyja. Iako je premijera baleta razočarala, drugo uprizorenje pokazalo je njegovu pravu vrijednost, uvrstivši ga među velike balete <a href="/wiki/20._stolje%C4%87e" title="20. stoljeće">XX. stoljeća</a>. Godine <a href="/wiki/1920." title="1920.">1920.</a> francuska vlada Ravelu je dodijelila nagradu <i>Légion d'honneur</i>, no on ju je odbio. Ubrzo se povukao na selo gdje se nastavio baviti skladanjem. </p><p>Djagilev je od Ravela naručio djelo <i>La Valse</i> (<a href="/wiki/1920." title="1920.">1920.</a>), izvorno nazvano <i>Beč</i>, no Ravel se jako naljutio na Djagileva jer nikad nije iskoristio tu skladbu. Kada su se Ravel i Djagilev ponovno sreli <a href="/wiki/1925." title="1925.">1925.</a> godine, Ravel se nije htio rukovati s Djagilevim, pa ga je ovaj izazvao na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvoboj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvoboj (stranica ne postoji)">dvoboj</a> (prijatelji su Djagileva kasnije odgovorili od toga). Ravel i Djagilev se više nikad nisu sreli.<sup id="cite_ref-Schonberg_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schonberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ravel je <a href="/wiki/1928." title="1928.">1928.</a> prvi put započeo klavirsku turneju po <a href="/wiki/SAD" class="mw-redirect" title="SAD">SAD</a>-u. U <a href="/wiki/New_York_(grad)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York (grad)">New Yorku</a> je dobio veliki pljesak za koji je rekao da je drugačiji nego ijedan što ga je dobio u <a href="/wiki/Pariz" title="Pariz">Parizu</a>. Najudaljeniji grad gdje je bio je <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, gdje je i dirigirao tijekom jedne izvedbe njegovih orkestralnih djela. Iste te godine <a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="Sveučilište Oxford">Sveučilište Oxford</a> mu je dodijelilo počasni doktorat. U SAD-u je upoznao poznatog skladatelja <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">Georgea Gershwina</a> s kojim je kasnije postao dobar prijatelj. Ravelovo divljenje prema američkoj <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> glazbi uzrokovalo je da on u neke svoje kasnije skladbe ubaci elemente jazza. </p><p>Zanimljivo je da Ravel nije imao nijednu intimnu vezu. Neki tvrde da je bio čest posjetitelj pariških bordela, no pitanje njegove seksualnosti je unatoč tome bilo upitno. Neki govore da je bio homoseksualac, pretežno zbog njegove suradnje s Djagilevim, no nikakvi dokazi i tvrdnje o tome ne postoje, tako da ta teorija nije točna. Sam Ravel jednom je prilikom objasnio zašto se nije vezao ni s kim. Rekao je da je on toliki perfekcionist i da je toliko posvećen radu, da je za njega nemoguće da ostvari neku intimnu vezu s nekim. Jednom prilikom rekao je i ovo: </p> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left:3%; padding-right:3%; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); text-align: left; font-size:95%"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> »U životu sam imao samo jednu ljubavnu vezu – s glazbom.«</div> <p>Ravel je smatrao da mu njegova građa može pomoći da postane avijatičar, no tijekom <a href="/wiki/Prvi_svjetski_rat" title="Prvi svjetski rat">Prvog svjetskog rata</a> mu nije bilo dozvoljeno da uđe u vojsku zbog njegovih godina i slabog zdravlja. No, nije odustajao, pa je u vojsku primljen kao vozač. Svoje vozilo tijekom rata nazvao je <i>"Adelaide"</i>. Duboku bol iz ovog vremena izražava klavirska skladba <i>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Couperinov_grob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Couperinov grob (stranica ne postoji)">Couperinov grob</a>"</i> iz koje su pojedini stavci posvećeni prijateljima palim u ratu. Kad mu se pijanist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Wittgestain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Wittgestain (stranica ne postoji)">Paul Wittgestain</a>, koji je u ratu izgubio desnu ruku, požalio da nema posla, Ravel je za njega <a href="/wiki/1931." title="1931.">1931.</a> godine skladao zanosan i dirljiv <i>"Koncert za lijevu ruku"</i>. </p><p>Ravel je napravio jednu od svojih rijetkih snimaka <a href="/wiki/1930." title="1930.">1930.</a> kada je s Lamoureux orkestrom izveo svoj <i><a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%A9ro" title="Boléro">Boléro</a></i>. Ravel je navodno dirigirao skupinom mladih pariških glazbenika prije svjetske premijere svog <i>Koncerta u G</i> s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marguerite_Long&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marguerite Long (stranica ne postoji)">Marguerite Long</a>, koja je bila solistica na koncertu. Ta izvedba kasnije je izdana i na CD-u s Ravelom kao dirigentom, no moguće je da je on bio samo nadglednik snimanja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bolest_i_smrt">Bolest i smrt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Bolest i smrt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Bolest i smrt"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ravel je <a href="/wiki/1932." title="1932.">1932.</a> zadobio slučajan udarac u glavu tijekom vožnje <a href="/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi">taksijem</a> koji se sudario s drugim automobilom. Ozljeda je smatrana bezopasnom, no nedugo zatim Ravel se počeo žaliti na simptome slične <a href="/wiki/Afazija" title="Afazija">afaziji</a>, karakteristične za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pickova_bolest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pickova bolest (stranica ne postoji)">Pickovu bolest</a>. Prvo se nije mogao koncentrirati, a onda niti upravljati vlastitim pokretima, nije više napisao ni jednu skladbu, a naposljetku nije mogao ni govoriti, dok je njegov mozak normalno funkcionirao. On je tada radio na glazbi za filmsku verziju <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Quijote" title="Don Quijote">Don Quijotea</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1933." title="1933.">1933.</a>) u kojoj je trebao glumiti ruski <a href="/wiki/Bas_(glas)" title="Bas (glas)">Bas</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fjodor_%C5%A0aljapin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fjodor Šaljapin (stranica ne postoji)">Fjodor Šaljapin</a>. Kada Ravel više nije mogao skladati jer nije mogao zapisati glazbene ideje koje bi imao, redatelj filma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Wilhelm_Pabst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Wilhelm Pabst (stranica ne postoji)">Georg Wilhelm Pabst</a> unajmio je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Ibert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Ibert (stranica ne postoji)">Jacquesa Iberta</a>. Posljednje je godine proveo u svojoj kući ili kod najodanijih prijatelja, koji su činili sve da mu ublaže patnju. </p><p>Ravel je <a href="/wiki/1937." title="1937.">1937.</a> pristao na eksperimentalnu operaciju <a href="/wiki/Mozak" title="Mozak">mozga</a>. Nakon završetka operacije, Ravel se probudio, nazvao brata Édouarda, pao u <a href="/wiki/Koma" title="Koma">komu</a> i preminuo <a href="/wiki/28._prosinca" title="28. prosinca">28. prosinca</a> <a href="/wiki/1937." title="1937.">1937.</a>, nedugo nakon operacije. Maurice Ravel pokopan je u granitnoj grobnici zajedno sa svojim roditeljima na groblju u mjestu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Levallois-Perret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levallois-Perret (stranica ne postoji)">Levallois-Perret</a>, sjeverozapadno od <a href="/wiki/Pariz" title="Pariz">Pariza</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glazbeni_stil">Glazbeni stil</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Glazbeni stil" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Glazbeni stil"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Ravel_au_piano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ravel_au_piano.jpg/450px-Ravel_au_piano.jpg" decoding="async" width="450" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Ravel_au_piano.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="457" /></a><figcaption>Ravel za klavirom. Lijevo za klavirom je pjevačica <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89va_Gauthier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Éva Gauthier (stranica ne postoji)">Éva Gauthier</a>, a zadnji od slušatelja s desne strane je skladatelj <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a>. Fotografija je napravljena <a href="/wiki/7._o%C5%BEujka" title="7. ožujka">7. ožujka</a> <a href="/wiki/1928." title="1928.">1928.</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Ravel je sebe smatrao <a href="/wiki/Klasicizam" title="Klasicizam">klasicistom</a>. On je svoje nove i inovativne <a href="/wiki/Harmonija_(glazba)" title="Harmonija (glazba)">harmonije</a> prezentirao oslanjajući se pretežito na tradicionalne forme. Često je maskirao sekcije svojih struktura s prijelazima koji su maskirali početke njegovih motiva. To se jasno vidi u njegovom djelu <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valses_nobles_et_sentimentales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valses nobles et sentimentales (stranica ne postoji)">Valses nobles et sentimentales</a></i> (inspirirano <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubertovim</a> djelima <i>Valses nobles</i> i <i>Valses sentimentales</i>) u kojem 7 stavaka počinju i završavaju bez pauze, i u njegovim komornim djelima koja su uglavnom skladana u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonatni_oblik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonatni oblik (stranica ne postoji)">sonatnom obliku</a>. </p><p>Iako Ravelova glazba ima tonalna središta u to vrijeme je bila inovativna. Kako bi držao korak s <i>"francuskom školom"</i> koju su predvodili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel_Chabrier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emmanuel Chabrier (stranica ne postoji)">Emmanuel Chabrier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Erik Satie</a> i <a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Claude Debussy</a>, Ravelove skladbe su uglavnom sadržavale <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glazbeni_modus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glazbeni modus (stranica ne postoji)">antičke moduse</a>. Umjesto da koristi <a href="/wiki/Dur" title="Dur">dur</a> i <a href="/wiki/Mol" class="mw-disambig" title="Mol">mol</a> Ravel je preferirao antičke ljestvice (npr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miksolidijska_ljestvica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miksolidijska ljestvica (stranica ne postoji)">miksolidijsku</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eolska_ljestvica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eolska ljestvica (stranica ne postoji)">eolsku</a>). Rezultat ovoga je da u skladana nema vodećih tonova. No, Ravelova glazba nije ovisila isključivo o modusima, već je sadržavala i proširene harmonije i zamršene modulacije izvan tradicionalne modalne prakse. Trpkost njegovih harmonija direktan je rezultat njegova simpatiziranja neriješenih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Appoggiatura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Appoggiatura (stranica ne postoji)">appoggiatura</a>. Njegova glazba za klavir, koja je katkada zahtijevala iznimnu vještinu sviranja, bila je nastavak <a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Lisztova</a> virtuoziteta. No, čak su i njegova najkompliciranija djela obilježena elegancijom i rafiniranošću. Bio je vrlo inspiriran različitim plesovima, a najdraži mu je bio <a href="/wiki/Menuet" title="Menuet">menuet</a>. Među ostale plesove koje je skladao spadaju <a href="/wiki/Valcer" title="Valcer">valcer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Carda%C5%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Čardaš (stranica ne postoji)">čardaš</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Habanera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Habanera (stranica ne postoji)">habanera</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Passacaglia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Passacaglia (stranica ne postoji)">passacaglia</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bolero" title="Bolero">bolero</a>. </p><p>Ravel je skoro uvijek svrstavan među dva velika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Impresionizam_(glazba)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Impresionizam (glazba) (stranica ne postoji)">impresionista</a> (uz Debussyja), no on je bio puno više od impresionista. U svom djelu <i>U stilu... Borodina</i> (<i>A la maniere de...Borodine</i>) Ravel svira i s promjenama i sa zadržavanjem originalnosti. No u njegovom kompleksnijem djelu, <i>A la maniere de...Emmanuel Chabrier /Paraphrase sur un air de Gounod</i>, Ravel uzima dio iz <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gounod" title="Charles Gounod">Gounodovog</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faust_(Gounod)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faust (Gounod) (stranica ne postoji)">Fausta</a></i> i aranžira ga u stilu Emmanuela Chabriera. Čak i kad je radio s djelima drugih autora, Ravelove skladateljske odlike bile su vidljive. </p><p>Ravel je imao vrlo pedantne rukopise. No, ranija izdanja tih rukopisa bila su sklona greškama. Ali Ravel je pomno radio sa svojim izdavačem Durandom kako bi ih ispravio. Jednom je u pismu napisao kako je kad je provjerio svoju operu <i>L'enfant et les sortilèges</i>, nakon što su je mnogi izdavači više puta provjerili, mogao naći i po 10 grešaka na jednoj stranici. Svako djelo je pažljivo skladano, no Ravel je više želio da, kao i skladatelji kojima se divio, napiše veliku količinu djela. <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinski" title="Igor Stravinski">Igor Stravinski</a> je Ravela jednom nazvao <i>"Švicarskim urarom"</i>, aludirajući na preciznost kojom je skladao svoja djela. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glazbeni_utjecaj">Glazbeni utjecaj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Glazbeni utjecaj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Glazbeni utjecaj"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ravel je bio aktivan tijekom perioda mnogih umjetničkih inovacija i diversifikacije, pa je tako profitirao od mnogih izvora, no njegova glazba se ne može lako klasificirati. Kako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Jank%C3%A9l%C3%A9vi%C4%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Jankélévič (stranica ne postoji)">Vladimir Jankélévič</a> kaže u njegovoj biografiji: </p> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left:3%; padding-right:3%; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); text-align: left; font-size:95%"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> »Nijedan utjecaj nije potpuno ovladao njime [...] Ravel ostaje nedosežan iza svih tih maski koje je snobizam stoljeća pokušao nametnuti.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>«</div> <p>Ravelov glazbeni jezik bio je ultimativno originalan, a nije bio ni potpuno <a href="/wiki/Modernizam" title="Modernizam">modernistički</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Impresionizam_(glazba)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Impresionizam (glazba) (stranica ne postoji)">impresionistički</a>. Kao i Debussy, Ravel je odbio da mu daju pridjev za koji je mislio da je rezerviran isključivo za <a href="/wiki/Slikarstvo" title="Slikarstvo">slikarstvo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No, Ravel je bio jako sklon utjecajima i bio je jako dobar sintetičar nespojivih stilova. Neka njegova djela mogu se vrlo lako usporediti s djelima <a href="/wiki/Klasicizam" title="Klasicizam">francuskih klasicista</a> <a href="/wiki/18._stolje%C4%87e" title="18. stoljeće">XVIII. stoljeća</a> kao što su <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Couperin" title="François Couperin">François Couperin</a> i <a href="/wiki/Jean-Philippe_Rameau" title="Jean-Philippe Rameau">Jean-Philippe Rameau</a>. Najznačajniji primjer takvih djela je <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Couperinov_grob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Couperinov grob (stranica ne postoji)">Couperinov grob</a></i>. Utjecaj <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Gabriela Fauréa</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel_Chabrier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emmanuel Chabrier (stranica ne postoji)">Emmanuela Chabriera</a>, te francuske glazbe <a href="/wiki/19._stolje%C4%87e" title="19. stoljeće">XIX. stoljeća</a> vidi se u djelima <i>Sérénade grotesque</i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pavana_za_preminulu_infantkinju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pavana za preminulu infantkinju (stranica ne postoji)">Pavana za preminulu infantkinju</a></i> i <i>Menuet antique</i>, dok djela kao što je <i>Jeux d’eau</i> duguju nešto inovacijama koje su uveli <a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Erik Satie</a> i <a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Claude Debussy</a>. Virtuoznost i poetičnost djela <i>Gaspard de la nuit</i> i <i>Concerto pour la main gauche</i> duguju nešto <a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Franzu Lisztu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Frédéricu Chopinu</a>. Utjecaj <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazza</a> vidi se u djelima <i>L’Enfant et les sortilèges</i>, <i>Sonate pour violon</i> i <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koncert_za_klavir_u_G&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koncert za klavir u G (stranica ne postoji)">Koncert za klavir u G</a></i>, a utjecaj ruske škole klasične glazbe vidi se u djelu <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=U_stilu..._Borodina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U stilu... Borodina (stranica ne postoji)">U stilu... Borodina</a></i> i u njegovoj orkestraciji <i><a href="/wiki/Slike_s_izlo%C5%BEbe" title="Slike s izložbe">Slika s izložbe</a></i>. Sam Ravel je često navodio <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Wolfganga Amadeusa Mozarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Camillea Saint-Saënsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Franza Schuberta</a> i <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Arnold Schönberg">Arnolda Schönberga</a> kao inspiracije za neka djela. </p><p>Ravel je <a href="/wiki/1928." title="1928.">1928.</a> napisao da skladatelji trebaju biti svjesni i individualne i nacionalne svijesti. Te godine, Ravel je imao turneju po <a href="/wiki/SAD" class="mw-redirect" title="SAD">SAD</a>-u i <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanadi</a> gdje je imao klavirske izvedbe u velikim koncertnim dvoranama u 25 gradova. Zbog njihovog opiranja da preuzmu <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> i <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> kao nacionalnu glazbu, Ravel je rekao da američki skladatelji <i>"najviše strahuju od toga da se ne nađu konfrontirani od strane misterioznih poriva koji od njih zahtijevaju da ne poštuju akademska pravila u korist individualne svijesti. Tako ti skladatelji, kao dobri buržuji, uspoređuju svoju glazbu s klasicističkim pravilima europske epohe."</i> </p><p>Postoji jedna anegdota o susretu Ravela i <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">Georgea Gershwina</a>. Pri tom susretu, Gershwin je upitao Ravela da mu da poduku. No, prema Gershwinu, Ravel je odgovorio: </p> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left:3%; padding-right:3%; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); text-align: left; font-size:95%"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> »Zašto želiš postati drugorazredni Ravel kad si već prvorazredni Gershwin ?<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>«</div> <p>Ova anegdota jako je slična onoj kada je Gershwin pitao Schönberga da m da lekcije iz kompozicije, a ovaj je odbio pohvalivši Gershwina. (za više vidi članak <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Arnold Schönberg">Arnold Schönberg</a>) No, ovo se moralo dogoditi prije nego što je Ravel skladao svoj <i><a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%A9ro" title="Boléro">Boléro</a></i> koji je za njega bio veliki financijski uspjeh. </p><p>Ravel je planirao skladati jedan koncert pod nazivom <i>Zazpiak Bat</i>, no koncert je ostao nedovršen. Sam naslov simbolizira njegovo baskijsko podrijetlo. Naziv djela u prijevodi znači <i>Sedam su jedno</i>, a simbolizira sedam baskijskih pokrajina i težnju Baskije da postane samostalna država. Fragmenti koji su ostali govore da je ovo djelu uvelike trebalo biti inspirirano baskijskom glazbom. No, Ravel je napustio to djelo i nacionalističke fragmente koristio u drugim glazbenim djelima. </p><p>Ravel je jednom rekao da je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_G%C3%A9dalge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Gédalge (stranica ne postoji)">André Gédalge</a>, njegov profesor <a href="/wiki/Kontrapunkt" title="Kontrapunkt">kontrapunkta</a>, imao velik utjecaj na njegove skladateljske sposobnosti. Kao orkestrator, Ravel je svaki instrument dobro proučio kako bi predvidio sve njegove mogućnosti. Upravo tome se može pripisati njegov orkestracijski uspjeh, kako svojih vlastitih, tako i djela autora kao što su <a href="/wiki/Modest_Petrovi%C4%8D_Musorgski" title="Modest Petrovič Musorgski">Modest Petrovič Musorgski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Claude Debussy</a> i <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Robert Schumann</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izabrana_djela">Izabrana djela</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Izabrana djela" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izabrana djela"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%A9ro" title="Boléro">Boléro</a></i> (balet – <a href="/wiki/1928." title="1928.">1928.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daphnis_i_Chloe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daphnis i Chloe (stranica ne postoji)">Daphnis i Chloe</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1909." title="1909.">1909.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1912." title="1912.">1912.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0panjolski_sat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Španjolski sat (stranica ne postoji)">Španjolski sat</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1909." title="1909.">1909.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0panjolska_rapsodija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Španjolska rapsodija (stranica ne postoji)">Španjolska rapsodija</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1907." title="1907.">1907.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogledala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogledala (stranica ne postoji)">Ogledala</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1905." title="1905.">1905.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Igra_vode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Igra vode (stranica ne postoji)">Igra vode</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1901." title="1901.">1901.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pavana_za_preminulu_infantkinju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pavana za preminulu infantkinju (stranica ne postoji)">Pavana za preminulu infantkinju</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1899." title="1899.">1899.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0eherezada_(Ravel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šeherezada (Ravel) (stranica ne postoji)">Šeherezada</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1897." title="1897.">1897.</a>)</li></ul> <p>Za potpun popis djela, vidi <i><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dodatak:Popis_skladbi_Mauricea_Ravela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dodatak:Popis skladbi Mauricea Ravela (stranica ne postoji)">Dodatak:Popis skladbi Mauricea Ravela</a></b></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Patrick Kavanaugh, <i>Glazba velikih skladatelja: Vodič kroz najbolju klasičnu glazbu za slušatelje</i> (1996.), str. 56, <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0310208076" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0310208076">0310208076</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schonberg-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Schonberg_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schonberg, Harold C. – <i>Život velikih skladatelja</i>, 1981., <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-393-01302-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-393-01302-2">0-393-01302-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jankélévič V, <i>Ravel</i>, Seuil, 1995., str. 7-8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Citat : « Si vous me demandez si nous avons une école impressionniste en musique, je dois dire que je n'ai jamais associé ce terme à la musique. La peinture, ah, ça, c'est autre chose ! Monet et son école étaient impressionnistes. Mais dans l'art sœur, il n'y a pas d'équivalent à cela. » — Intervju tiskan u <i>Musical Digest</i>, ožujak 1928, nađenu u: Orenstein A, <i>Maurice Ravel : Lettres, écrits et entretiens</i>, Flammarion, 1989, str. 327</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Dar glazbe: Veliki skladatelji i njihovi utjecaji</i>. Izdavač: Crossway Books; 3 izdanje (1. studenog 1995.), str. 272 <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/089107869X" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/089107869X">089107869X</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori_2">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Cambridge Companion to Ravel (Cambridge Companions to Music)</i> Idavač: Cambridge University Press (24. kolovoza 2000.) <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-521-64856-4" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-521-64856-4">0-521-64856-4</a></li> <li>Maurice Ravel: Život – Benjamin Ivry, Izdavač: Welcome Rain (2000.) <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-156-649152-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-156-649152-5">0-156-649152-5</a> <span class="error" style="font-size:88%"><abbr title="pogrešna duljina (10 ili 13 znakova bez razmaka i crtica)">nevaljani ISBN</abbr></span></li> <li>"Maurice Ravel." Suvremeni glazbenici, Diome 25. Gale Group, 1999.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_poveznice">Vanjske poveznice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak: Vanjske poveznice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske poveznice"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja"><img alt="Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption>Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica?uselang=hr">Zajednički poslužitelj</a> ima stranicu o temi <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Maurice_Ravel?uselang=hr">Maurice Ravel</a></b></i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.maurice-ravel.net/">http://www.maurice-ravel.net/</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epitonic.com/artists/mauriceravel.html">Epitonic.com: Maurice Ravel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classicalarchives.com/bios/codm/ravel_hl2.html?bool=AND&terms=Ravel%20Bolero#label_1">Biografija Mauricea Ravela</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060104162533/http://www.classicalarchives.com/bios/codm/ravel_hl2.html?bool=AND&terms=Ravel%20Bolero#label_1">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 4. siječnja 2006. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.richard-dowling.com/RavelTrio.html">Analiza Ravelovog tria</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classiccat.net/ravel_m/">Classic Cat – Ravel</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&oldid=6830881">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Ravel&oldid=6830881</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorija</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Francuski_skladatelji" title="Kategorija:Francuski skladatelji">Francuski skladatelji</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Klasi%C4%8Dni_skladatelji_20._stolje%C4%87a" title="Kategorija:Klasični skladatelji 20. stoljeća">Klasični skladatelji 20. stoljeća</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Francuski_pijanisti" title="Kategorija:Francuski pijanisti">Francuski pijanisti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Operni_skladatelji" title="Kategorija:Operni skladatelji">Operni skladatelji</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Baski" title="Kategorija:Baski">Baski</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Impresionizam" title="Kategorija:Impresionizam">Impresionizam</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skrivena kategorija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Stranice_s_ISBN_gre%C5%A1kama" title="Kategorija:Stranice s ISBN greškama">Stranice s ISBN greškama</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 31. siječnja 2024. u 14:13.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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