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aria-controls="toc-Nominations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Nominations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Nominations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Republican_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republican_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Republican Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republican_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_major_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_major_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Other major candidates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_major_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democratic_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Democratic Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democratic_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_major_candidates_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_major_candidates_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Other major candidates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_major_candidates_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Other candidates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>General election</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-General_election-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle General election subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-General_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Polling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Polling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Promises" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Promises"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Promises</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Promises-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_debates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_debates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Presidential debates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_debates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Endorsements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Endorsements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Endorsements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Endorsements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General_election_endorsements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election_endorsements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>General election endorsements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_election_endorsements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Results_2-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Results_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Results_by_state" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results_by_state"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Results by state</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results_by_state-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Close_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Close_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Close states</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Close_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voter_demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voter_demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voter demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voter_demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Journal_articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journal_articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Journal articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journal_articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Newspaper_articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspaper_articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Newspaper articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspaper_articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1980 United States presidential election</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_1980" title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1980 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1980" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9_(1980)" title="Президентски избори в САЩ (1980) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Президентски избори в САЩ (1980)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volby_prezidenta_USA_1980" title="Volby prezidenta USA 1980 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Volby prezidenta USA 1980" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A6sidentvalget_i_USA_1980" title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1980 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1980" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswahl_in_den_Vereinigten_Staaten_1980" title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1980 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1980" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD_1980" title="Προεδρική εκλογή των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών 1980 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προεδρική εκλογή των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών 1980" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Estados_Unidos_de_1980" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1980 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1980" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B8%DB%B0)" title="انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا (۱۹۸۰) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا (۱۹۸۰)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lection_pr%C3%A9sidentielle_am%C3%A9ricaine_de_1980" title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1980 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1980" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980%EB%85%84_%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9_%EC%84%A0%EA%B1%B0" title="1980년 미국 대통령 선거 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1980년 미국 대통령 선거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forsetakosningar_%C3%AD_Bandar%C3%ADkjunum_1980" title="Forsetakosningar í Bandaríkjunum 1980 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Forsetakosningar í Bandaríkjunum 1980" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_presidenziali_negli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America_del_1980" title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1980 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1980" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_1980" title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1980 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1980" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchaguzi_wa_Rais_wa_Marekani,_1980" title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1980 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1980" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980._gada_ASV_prezidenta_v%C4%93l%C4%93%C5%A1anas" title="1980. gada ASV prezidenta vēlēšanas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1980. gada ASV prezidenta vēlēšanas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980_met%C5%B3_JAV_prezidento_rinkimai" title="1980 metų JAV prezidento rinkimai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1980 metų JAV prezidento rinkimai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980-as_amerikai_eln%C3%B6kv%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1s" title="1980-as amerikai elnökválasztás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1980-as amerikai elnökválasztás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikaanse_presidentsverkiezingen_1980" title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1980 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1980" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="1980年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1980年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentvalget_i_USA_1980" title="Presidentvalget i USA 1980 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Presidentvalget i USA 1980" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_prezydenckie_w_Stanach_Zjednoczonych_w_1980_roku" title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1980 roku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1980 roku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_presidencial_nos_Estados_Unidos_em_1980" title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1980 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1980" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_(1980)" title="Президентские выборы в США (1980) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Президентские выборы в США (1980)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1980 United States presidential election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A8%DA%98%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%D9%A1%D9%A9%D9%A8%D9%A0)" title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٩٨٠) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٩٨٠)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94_1980." title="Председнички избори у САД 1980. – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Председнички избори у САД 1980." data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_presidentinvaalit_1980" title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1980 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1980" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentvalet_i_USA_1980" title="Presidentvalet i USA 1980 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Presidentvalet i USA 1980" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90_%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2523" title="การเลือกตั้งประธานาธิบดีสหรัฐ พ.ศ. 2523 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การเลือกตั้งประธานาธิบดีสหรัฐ พ.ศ. 2523" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980_Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri_ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1k_se%C3%A7imleri" title="1980 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri başkanlık seçimleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1980 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri başkanlık seçimleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_1980" title="Президентські вибори у США 1980 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Президентські вибори у США 1980" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A7u_c%E1%BB%AD_t%E1%BB%95ng_th%E1%BB%91ng_Hoa_K%E1%BB%B3_1980" title="Bầu cử tổng thống Hoa Kỳ 1980 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bầu cử tổng thống Hoa Kỳ 1980" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Election won by Ronald Reagan</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247979735">.mw-parser-output .ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:350px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1980 United States presidential election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>November 4, 1980</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />538 members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a><br />270 electoral votes needed to win</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">54.2%<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.6 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E81B23;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/114px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/171px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/228px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1793" data-file-height="2355" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3333FF;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carter_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carter_cropped.jpg/116px-Carter_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="116" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carter_cropped.jpg/174px-Carter_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carter_cropped.jpg/232px-Carter_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1155" data-file-height="1490" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #DDDDBB;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/116px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="116" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/174px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/232px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="1873" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Nominee </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John B. Anderson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Home state </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Running mate </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lucey" title="Patrick Lucey">Patrick Lucey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Electoral vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>489</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">49 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">States carried </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>44</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">6 + <a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington D.C.">DC</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>43,903,230</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">35,481,115 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">5,719,850 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><span data-sort-value="7001507495011136210♠" style="display:none"></span>50.7%</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span data-sort-value="7001410140412266937♠" style="display:none"></span>41.0% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span data-sort-value="7000661180359496887♠" style="display:none"></span>6.6% </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ElectoralCollege1980.svg/348px-ElectoralCollege1980.svg.png" decoding="async" width="348" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ElectoralCollege1980.svg/522px-ElectoralCollege1980.svg.png 1.5x, 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coords="288,58,288,53,292,52,299,50,299,50,300,49,300,49,301,50,301,51,300,51,300,53,301,54,301,53,302,53,304,56,306,56,307,56,307,55,307,54,305,54,305,54,306,54,307,54,308,56,308,56,307,56,306,57,305,57,304,58,304,58,304,59,305,59,305,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,306,59,305,59,304,59,304,60,304,60,304,59,304,59,303,59,303,59,304,58,304,57,303,57,302,57,302,59,302,59,301,57,299,55,293,57" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii" shape="poly" coords="73,168,73,188,85,202,121,202,121,186,103,168" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Hawaii" title="1980 United States presidential election in Hawaii" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alaska" shape="poly" 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alt="1980 United States presidential election in Alaska" title="1980 United States presidential election in Alaska" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_the_District_of_Columbia" shape="rect" coords="295,104,316,111" alt="1980 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia" title="1980 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" shape="rect" coords="301,98,331,104" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Maryland" title="1980 United States presidential election in Maryland" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" shape="rect" coords="304,90,324,97" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Delaware" title="1980 United States presidential election in Delaware" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" shape="rect" coords="307,83,331,89" alt="1980 United States presidential election in New Jersey" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Jersey" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" shape="rect" coords="313,72,333,78" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Connecticut" title="1980 United States presidential election in Connecticut" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" shape="rect" coords="316,62,334,68" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" title="1980 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" shape="rect" coords="316,50,345,56" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" shape="rect" coords="269,21,290,28" alt="1980 United States presidential election in Vermont" title="1980 United States presidential election in Vermont" /><area href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" shape="rect" coords="273,14,296,20" alt="1980 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div>Presidential election results map. <span style="color:red;">Red</span> denotes states won by Reagan/Bush and <span style="color:blue;">blue</span> denotes those won by Carter/Mondale. Numbers indicate <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">electoral votes</a> cast by each state.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b>President before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Elected President</b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Presidential elections</a> were held in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> on November 4, 1980. <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee, former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">Governor of California</a> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>, defeated incumbent <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide victory</a>. This was the second <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">consecutive</a> election in which an incumbent president was defeated, although <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> assumed the presidency after President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> resigned and was not elected, as well as the first election since <a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="1888 United States presidential election">1888</a> that saw the defeat of an incumbent Democratic president. </p><p>Carter's unpopularity and poor relations with Democratic leaders encouraged an unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">intra-party challenge</a> from Massachusetts Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a>. Meanwhile, <a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">the Republican primaries</a> were contested between former California Governor Ronald Reagan, former Central Intelligence Agency director <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>, Illinois Representative <a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John B. Anderson</a>, and several other candidates. All of Reagan's opponents had dropped out by the end of the primaries, and the Republicans nominated a ticket consisting of Reagan and Bush. Anderson entered the general election as <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">an independent</a> candidate with <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lucey" title="Patrick Lucey">Patrick Lucey</a>, former Wisconsin governor, as his running mate. </p><p>Reagan campaigned for increased defense spending, <a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economic" class="mw-redirect" title="Supply-side economic">supply-side economic</a> policies, and a balanced budget. His campaign was aided by Democratic dissatisfaction with Carter, the <a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a>, and a worsening economy marred by <a href="/wiki/Stagflation" title="Stagflation">stagflation</a>. Carter attacked Reagan as a dangerous right-wing extremist, and warned that Reagan would cut <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)" title="Social Security (United States)">Social Security</a>. The Carter campaign was aided early on by the <a href="/wiki/Rally_%27round_the_flag_effect" title="Rally 'round the flag effect">rally 'round the flag effect</a> from the hostage crisis, but as the crisis lasted to election day, it became a detriment.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reagan won the election in a landslide, with 489 <a href="/wiki/Electoral_college" title="Electoral college">Electoral College</a> votes to Carter's 49 and 50.7% of the popular vote to Carter's 41.0%. Anderson won 6.6% of the popular vote and no electoral votes. Due to the rise of <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservatism</a> following Reagan's victory, historians have considered the election a <a href="/wiki/Political_realignment" title="Political realignment">political realignment</a> that began with <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a>'s presidential campaign <a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">in 1964</a>. This election began an ongoing pattern in which <a href="/wiki/Rust_Belt" title="Rust Belt">Rust Belt</a> states Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin voted for the same presidential candidate, with the sole exception of <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Jimmy Carter administration">Foreign policy of the Jimmy Carter administration</a></div> <p>Throughout the 1970s, the United States underwent a wrenching period of <a href="/wiki/Stagflation" title="Stagflation">low economic growth, high inflation and interest rates</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1970s_energy_crisis" title="1970s energy crisis">intermittent energy crises</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_292_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_292-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By October 1978, <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_Iran" title="Pahlavi Iran">Iran</a>—a major oil supplier to the United States at the time—was experiencing a <a href="/wiki/Iranian_revolution" title="Iranian revolution">major uprising</a> that severely damaged its oil infrastructure and greatly weakened its capability to produce oil.<sup id="cite_ref-uppafb_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uppafb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 1979, shortly after Iran's leader <a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shah</a> <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a> fled the country, Iranian opposition figure <a href="/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah">Ayatollah</a> <a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a> ended his 14-year exile in France and returned to Iran to establish an <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Islamic Republic</a>, largely hostile to American interests and influence in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-uppafb_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uppafb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the spring and summer of 1979, inflation was on the rise and various parts of the United States were experiencing energy shortages.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carter was widely blamed for the return of the long gas lines in the summer of 1979 that were last seen just after the 1973 <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a>. He planned on delivering his fifth major speech on energy, but he felt that the American people were no longer listening. Carter left for the presidential retreat of <a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a>. "For more than a week, a veil of secrecy enveloped the proceedings. Dozens of prominent Democratic Party leaders—<a href="/wiki/Member_of_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Congress">members of Congress</a>, governors, labor leaders, academics and clergy—were summoned to the mountaintop retreat to confer with the beleaguered president." His pollster, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Caddell" class="mw-redirect" title="Pat Caddell">Pat Caddell</a>, told him that the American people simply faced a crisis of confidence because of the assassinations of <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_assassination" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy assassination">John F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 15, 1979, Carter gave a nationally televised address in which he identified what he believed to be a "crisis of confidence" among the American people. This came to be known as his "<a href="/wiki/Malaise_speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaise speech">Malaise speech</a>", although Carter never used the word in the speech.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many expected Senator Ted Kennedy to successfully challenge Carter in the upcoming Democratic primary. Kennedy's official announcement was scheduled for early November. A television <a href="/wiki/Roger_Mudd#Ted_Kennedy_interview" title="Roger Mudd">interview with Roger Mudd</a> of CBS a few days before the announcement went badly, however. Kennedy gave an "incoherent and repetitive"<sup id="cite_ref-bg-series-4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bg-series-4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> answer to the question of why he was running, and the polls, which showed him leading Carter by 58–25 in August now had him ahead 49–39.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kennedy was also politically scarred by the 1969 <a href="/wiki/Chappaquiddick_incident" title="Chappaquiddick incident">Chappaquiddick incident</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chappaquiddick21980_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chappaquiddick21980-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the controversy had been a major reason for Kennedy's decision to not run for president in 1972 and 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-chappaquiddick21980_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chappaquiddick21980-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, Carter was given an opportunity for political redemption when the Khomeini regime again gained public attention and allowed the taking of <a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">52 American hostages</a> by a group of <a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamist</a> students and militants at the U.S. embassy in <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a> on November 4, 1979. Carter's calm approach towards the handling of this crisis resulted in his approval ratings jump in the 60-percent range in some polls, due to a "rally round the flag" effect.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the beginning of the election campaign, the prolonged <a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a> had sharpened public perceptions of a national crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 25, 1980, Carter's ability to use the hostage crisis to regain public acceptance eroded when his high risk <a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">attempt to rescue the hostages</a> ended in disaster when eight servicemen were killed. The unsuccessful rescue attempt drew further skepticism towards his leadership skills.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the failed rescue attempt, Carter took overwhelming blame for the Iran hostage crisis, in which the followers of the Ayatollah Khomeini burned <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">American flags</a> and chanted anti-American slogans, paraded the captured American hostages in public, and burned Carter in <a href="/wiki/Effigy" title="Effigy">effigy</a>. Carter's critics saw him as an inept leader who had failed to solve the worsening economic problems at home. His supporters defended the president as a decent, well-intentioned man being unfairly criticized for problems that had been escalating for years.<sup id="cite_ref-christian_science_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-christian_science-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in late 1979</a>, Carter seized international leadership in rallying opposition. He cut off American grain sales, which hurt Soviet consumers and annoyed American farmers. In terms of prestige, the Soviets were deeply hurt by the large-scale boycott of their <a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1980 Summer Olympics boycott">1980 Summer Olympics</a>. Furthermore, Carter began secret support of the opposition forces in Afghanistan that successfully tied down the Soviet army for a decade. The effect was to end détente and reopen the Cold War.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nominations">Nominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Nominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republican_Party">Republican Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Republican Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">1980 Republican Party presidential primaries</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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vcard hlist" style="border-color: #d69d36"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color: #002466;color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/75px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/113px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/150px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1793" data-file-height="2355" /></a></span></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color: #002466;color: #FFF;"><div><span class="tmp-color" style="color: #FFF">This article is part of <br />a series about</span></div><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Ronald Reagan</span></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Entertainment and personal</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_filmography" title="Ronald Reagan filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Bibliography of Ronald Reagan">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speeches_and_debates_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Speeches and debates of Ronald Reagan">Speeches and debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of things named after Ronald Reagan">Eponyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of awards and honors received by Ronald Reagan">Honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Cultural depictions of Ronald Reagan">Depictions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_in_music" title="Ronald Reagan in music">music</a></li></ul></li> <li>Residences <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birthplace_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Birthplace of Ronald Reagan">Birthplace of Ronald Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Boyhood_Home" title="Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home">Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_del_Cielo" title="Rancho del Cielo">Rancho del Cielo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/668_St._Cloud_Road" title="668 St. Cloud Road">668 St. Cloud Road</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">33rd Governor of California</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Governorship of Ronald Reagan">Governorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_People%27s_Park_protest" title="1969 People's Park protest">1969 People's Park protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Electoral history of Ronald Reagan">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1966_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 California gubernatorial election">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 California gubernatorial election">1970</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">40th President of the United States</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_presidency" title="Timeline of the Ronald Reagan presidency">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Inauguration of Ronald Reagan">Inaugurations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="First inauguration of Ronald Reagan">first inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan">second inauguration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Presidential_Library" title="Ronald Reagan Presidential Library">Presidential library</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Tenure</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan">Assassination attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">Invasion of Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_States_bombing_of_Libya" title="1986 United States bombing of Libya">Bombing of Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_and_AIDS" title="Ronald Reagan and AIDS">AIDS epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty" title="Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty">Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Opinion polling on the Ronald Reagan administration">Polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandals_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Scandals of the Ronald Reagan administration">Scandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_era" title="Reagan era">Reagan era</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Political positions of Ronald Reagan">Policies</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_policy_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Domestic policy of the Ronald Reagan administration">Domestic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reaganomics" title="Reaganomics">Economy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration">Foreign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of international presidential trips made by Ronald Reagan">international trips</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Appointments</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan">Federal judges</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor_Supreme_Court_nomination" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandra Day O'Connor Supreme Court nomination">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist_Supreme_Court_nomination" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rehnquist Supreme Court nomination">Rehnquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia_Supreme_Court_nomination" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonin Scalia Supreme Court nomination">Scalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination">Bork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy_Supreme_Court_nomination" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Kennedy Supreme Court nomination">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Ronald Reagan Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Electoral history of Ronald Reagan">Presidential campaigns</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li>1968 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_National_Convention" title="1968 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1976_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1976 presidential campaign">1976</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign">1980</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1980 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States%27_rights_speech" title="States' rights speech">States' rights speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_coalition" title="Reagan coalition">Reagan coalition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1984_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1984 presidential campaign">1984</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1984 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="skin-invert-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan's signature"><img alt="Ronald Reagan's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ronald_Reagan_Signature2.svg/150px-Ronald_Reagan_Signature2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ronald_Reagan_Signature2.svg/225px-Ronald_Reagan_Signature2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ronald_Reagan_Signature2.svg/300px-Ronald_Reagan_Signature2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Seal of the President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></span></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_personal_coats_of_arms_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of personal coats of arms of presidents of the United States"><img 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><table class="sidebar nomobile sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: #d69d36"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color: #002466;color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_(cropped_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/75px-George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/113px-George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/150px-George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1252" data-file-height="1634" /></a></span></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color: #002466;color: #FFF;"><div><span class="tmp-color" style="color: #FFF">This article is part of <br />a series about</span></div><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">George H. W. Bush</span></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Personal</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bush_family" title="Bush family">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Electoral history of George H. W. Bush">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of things named after George H. W. Bush">Eponyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of awards and honors received by George H. W. Bush">Honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Bibliography of George H. W. Bush">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_School_of_Government_%26_Public_Service" title="Bush School of Government & Public Service">Bush School of Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Points_of_Light" title="Points of Light">Points of Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Death and state funeral of George H. W. Bush">Death</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">43rd Vice President of the United States</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Reagan administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="First inauguration of Ronald Reagan">first inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan">second inauguration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan">Reagan assassination attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration">Foreign policy</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Vice presidential campaigns</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign">1980</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1980 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1980 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1984_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1984 presidential campaign">1984</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1984 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">41st President of the United States</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">Presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George H. W. Bush">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Inauguration of George H. W. Bush">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H.W._Bush_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="George H.W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum">Presidential library</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Tenure</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thousand_points_of_light" title="Thousand points of light">Thousand points of light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama" title="United States invasion of Panama">Invasion of Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Task_Force" title="Unified Task Force">Operation Restore Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">NAFTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of international presidential trips made by George H. W. Bush">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_by_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of people pardoned by George H. W. Bush">Pardons</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Policies</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_United_States#The_George_H._W._Bush_Administration_(1989–1993)" title="Environmental policy of the United States">Environmental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_administration" title="Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration">Foreign</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Appointments</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of federal judges appointed by George H. W. Bush">Federal judges</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination">Thomas</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Presidential campaigns</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1980_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1980 presidential campaign">1980</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1988_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1988 presidential campaign">1988</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">convention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Read_my_lips:_no_new_taxes" title="Read my lips: no new taxes">"No new taxes"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1988 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1992_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1992 presidential campaign">1992</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1992 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="skin-invert-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush's signature"><img alt="George H. W. Bush's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/George_HW_Bush_Signature.svg/150px-George_HW_Bush_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/George_HW_Bush_Signature.svg/225px-George_HW_Bush_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/George_HW_Bush_Signature.svg/300px-George_HW_Bush_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="132" /></a></span></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Seal of the President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></span></span></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:George_H._W._Bush_series" title="Template:George H. W. Bush series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:George_H._W._Bush_series" title="Template talk:George H. W. Bush series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:George_H._W._Bush_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:George H. W. Bush series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#f1f1f1;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)"><img alt="Republican Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/65px-Republican_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/98px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/130px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="227" /></a><figcaption>Republican Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1980 Republican Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Ronald Reagan</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">George H. W. Bush</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#ffd0d7;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg/160px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg/240px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg/320px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2399" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_H._W._Bush_vice_presidential_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/George_H._W._Bush_vice_presidential_portrait.jpg/155px-George_H._W._Bush_vice_presidential_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/George_H._W._Bush_vice_presidential_portrait.jpg/233px-George_H._W._Bush_vice_presidential_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/George_H._W._Bush_vice_presidential_portrait.jpg/310px-George_H._W._Bush_vice_presidential_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3811" data-file-height="4840" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_California" title="List of governors of California">33rd</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">Governor of California</a><br /><small>(1967–1975)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence#List_of_Directors_of_Central_Intelligence" title="Director of Central Intelligence">11th</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence" title="Director of Central Intelligence">Director of Central Intelligence</a><br /><small>(1976–1977)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reagan_Bush_Logo_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Reagan_Bush_Logo_2.svg/200px-Reagan_Bush_Logo_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Reagan_Bush_Logo_2.svg/300px-Reagan_Bush_Logo_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Reagan_Bush_Logo_2.svg/400px-Reagan_Bush_Logo_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_major_candidates">Other major candidates</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other major candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following candidates were frequently interviewed by major broadcast networks and cable news channels, were listed in publicly published national polls, or had held a public office. Reagan received <b>7,709,793 votes</b> in the primaries. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center; width:1000px; font-size:120%; color:white; background:#E81B23;"><i>Candidates in this section are sorted by date of withdrawal from the nomination race</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John B. Anderson</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Phil_Crane" title="Phil Crane">Phil Crane</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">John Connally</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_H._W._Bush_official_CIA_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/George_H._W._Bush_official_CIA_portrait.jpg/95px-George_H._W._Bush_official_CIA_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/George_H._W._Bush_official_CIA_portrait.jpg/142px-George_H._W._Bush_official_CIA_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/George_H._W._Bush_official_CIA_portrait.jpg/189px-George_H._W._Bush_official_CIA_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1414" data-file-height="1790" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/93px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/139px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/186px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="1873" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Philip_M._Crane_94th_Congress_1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Philip_M._Crane_94th_Congress_1975.jpg/103px-Philip_M._Crane_94th_Congress_1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Philip_M._Crane_94th_Congress_1975.jpg/155px-Philip_M._Crane_94th_Congress_1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Philip_M._Crane_94th_Congress_1975.jpg/206px-Philip_M._Crane_94th_Congress_1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_J._Dole_(cropped3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Robert_J._Dole_%28cropped3%29.jpg/95px-Robert_J._Dole_%28cropped3%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Robert_J._Dole_%28cropped3%29.jpg/143px-Robert_J._Dole_%28cropped3%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Robert_J._Dole_%28cropped3%29.jpg/191px-Robert_J._Dole_%28cropped3%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="441" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence" title="Director of Central Intelligence">Director of<br />Central Intelligence</a><br /><small>(1976–1977)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Representative</a> from<br /><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois's</a> <a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 16th congressional district">16th district</a><br /><small>(1961–1981)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Representative</a> from<br /><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois's</a> <a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 12th congressional district">12th district</a><br /><small>(1973–1993)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a><br /><small>(1969–1996)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of<br />the Treasury</a> from <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a><br /><small>(1971–1972)</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1980_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1980 presidential campaign">Campaign</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson#1980_presidential_campaign" title="John B. Anderson">Campaign</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phil_Crane#1980_presidential_campaign" title="Phil Crane">Campaign</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole#Presidential_politics" title="Bob Dole">Campaign</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Connally#Presidential_run" title="John Connally">Campaign</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><i><abbr title="suspended campaign">SC</abbr>: May 26, 1980</i><br /><i><abbr title="endorsed Reagan">ER</abbr>: June 14, 1980</i><br /><small><b>3,070,033</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="declared independent campaign">DI</abbr>: April 24, 1980</i><br /><small><b>1,572,174</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: April 17, 1980</i><br /><i><abbr title="endorsed Reagan">ER</abbr>: April 17, 1980</i><br /><small><b>97,793</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: March 15, 1980</i><br /><i><abbr title="endorsed Reagan">ER</abbr>: March 30, 1980</i><br /><small><b>7,204</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: March 9, 1980</i><br /><i><abbr title="endorsed Reagan">ER</abbr>: March 25, 1980</i><br /><small><b>82,625</b> votes</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Howard Baker</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Pressler" title="Larry Pressler">Larry Pressler</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Lowell_P._Weicker_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Lowell P. Weicker Jr.">Lowell P. Weicker Jr.</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Fernandez" title="Ben Fernandez">Ben Fernandez</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Baker_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Howard_Baker_photo.jpg/95px-Howard_Baker_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Howard_Baker_photo.jpg/143px-Howard_Baker_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Howard_Baker_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="172" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Larry_Pressler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Larry_Pressler.jpg/97px-Larry_Pressler.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Larry_Pressler.jpg/145px-Larry_Pressler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Larry_Pressler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="174" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lweicker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Lweicker.jpg/94px-Lweicker.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Lweicker.jpg/141px-Lweicker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Lweicker.jpg/188px-Lweicker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="474" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Harold_Stassen_1980.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Harold_Stassen_1980.jpg/96px-Harold_Stassen_1980.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Harold_Stassen_1980.jpg/144px-Harold_Stassen_1980.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Harold_Stassen_1980.jpg/192px-Harold_Stassen_1980.jpg 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="538" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><br /><small>(1967–1985)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a><br /><small>(1979–1997)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a><br /><small>(1971–1989)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">Governor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a><br /><small>(1939–1943)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ambassadors_of_the_United_States#Special_envoys,_representatives,_and_coordinators" title="Ambassadors of the United States">United States Special Envoy</a> to <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> from <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a><br /><small>(1973)</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: March 5, 1980</i><br /><i><abbr title="endorsed Reagan">ER</abbr>: April 20, 1980</i><br /><small><b>181,153</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: January 8, 1980</i><br /><i><abbr title="endorsed Reagan">ER</abbr>: March 21, 1980</i><br /><small>0 votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: May 16, 1979</i><br /><small>0 votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="unknown">?</abbr>: n/a</i><br /><small><b>25,425</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="unknown">?</abbr>: n/a</i><br /><small><b>25,520</b> votes</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Former governor <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> was the odds-on favorite to win his party's nomination for president after <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)_presidential_primaries,_1976#Republican_National_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (United States) presidential primaries, 1976">nearly beating</a> incumbent President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> just four years earlier. Reagan dominated the primaries early, driving from the field Senate Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Howard Baker</a> from Tennessee, former governor <a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">John Connally</a> of Texas, Senator <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dole" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Dole">Robert Dole</a> from Kansas, Representative <a href="/wiki/Phil_Crane" title="Phil Crane">Phil Crane</a> from Illinois, and Representative <a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John Anderson</a> from Illinois, who dropped out of the race to run as an Independent. <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> from Texas posed the strongest challenge to Reagan with his victories in the Pennsylvania and Michigan primaries, but it was not enough to turn the tide. Reagan won the nomination on the first round at the <a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980 Republican National Convention</a> in <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a>, in July, then chose Bush (his top rival) as his running mate. Reagan, Bush, and Dole would all go on to be the nominees in the next four elections. (Reagan in <a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984</a>, Bush in <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a> and <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a>, and Dole in <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democratic_Party">Democratic Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Democratic Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1157919884"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><table class="sidebar nomobile sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: #d69d36"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color: #002466;color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/75px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/113px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/150px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="2027" /></a></span></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color: #002466;color: #FFF;"><div><span class="tmp-color" style="color: #FFF">This article is part of <br />a series about</span></div><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Jimmy Carter</span></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0; padding-bottom:0;"> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">76th Governor of Georgia</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter#Governor_of_Georgia_(1971–1975)" title="Jimmy Carter">Governorship</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">39th President of the United States</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">Presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidential transition of Jimmy Carter">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Inauguration of Jimmy Carter">Inauguration</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Policies</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_United_States#The_Carter_Administration_(1977–1981)" title="Environmental policy of the United States">Environmental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Jimmy Carter administration">Foreign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Jimmy_Carter" title="List of international presidential trips made by Jimmy Carter">International trips</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_or_granted_clemency_by_the_president_of_the_United_States#Jimmy_Carter" title="List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States">Pardons</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Appointments</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter#Cabinet" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Jimmy_Carter" title="List of federal judges appointed by Jimmy Carter">Judiciary</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Tenure</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty" title="Egypt–Israel peace treaty">Egypt–Israel peace treaty</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torrijos%E2%80%93Carter_Treaties" title="Torrijos–Carter Treaties">Torrijos–Carter Treaties</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_rabbit_incident" title="Jimmy Carter rabbit incident">Rabbit incident</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">Operation Eagle Claw</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Equivalent_of_War_speech" title="Moral Equivalent of War speech">Moral Equivalent of War speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_oil_crisis" title="1979 oil crisis">1979 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Doctrine" title="Carter Doctrine">Carter Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9_on_the_Establishment_of_Diplomatic_Relations" title="Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations">U.S.–China relations</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1977)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1977)">'77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1978)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1978)">'78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1979)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1979)">'79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1980%E2%80%931981)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1980–1981)">'80–'81</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">Presidential campaigns</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1976_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1976 presidential campaign">1976</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1976 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1976 United States presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">Election</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign">1980</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1980 United States presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Post-presidency</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_Library_and_Museum" title="Jimmy Carter Library and Museum">Presidential Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_honors_and_awards_received_by_Jimmy_Carter" class="mw-redirect" title="List of honors and awards received by Jimmy Carter">Awards and honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Bibliography of Jimmy Carter">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter">Activities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Center" title="Carter Center">Carter Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_Appeal" title="One America Appeal">One America Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_UFO_incident" title="Jimmy Carter UFO incident">UFO incident</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="skin-invert-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter's signature"><img alt="Jimmy Carter's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jimmy_Carter_Signature-2.svg/150px-Jimmy_Carter_Signature-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jimmy_Carter_Signature-2.svg/225px-Jimmy_Carter_Signature-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jimmy_Carter_Signature-2.svg/300px-Jimmy_Carter_Signature-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="157" /></a></span></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Seal of the President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></span></span></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jimmy_Carter_series" title="Template:Jimmy Carter series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jimmy_Carter_series" title="Template talk:Jimmy Carter series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jimmy_Carter_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jimmy Carter series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)"><img alt="Democratic Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/65px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/98px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/130px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Democratic Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1980 Democratic Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Jimmy Carter</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Walter Mondale</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#c8ebff;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/163px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg" decoding="async" width="163" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/244px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/326px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="2027" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_Mondale_1977_vice_presidential_portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Walter_Mondale_1977_vice_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/157px-Walter_Mondale_1977_vice_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Walter_Mondale_1977_vice_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/235px-Walter_Mondale_1977_vice_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Walter_Mondale_1977_vice_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/314px-Walter_Mondale_1977_vice_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2092" data-file-height="2665" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">39th</a><br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a><br /><small>(1977–1981)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">42nd</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a><br /><small>(1977–1981)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign">Campaign</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carter_Mondale_1980_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Carter_Mondale_1980_logo.svg/200px-Carter_Mondale_1980_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Carter_Mondale_1980_logo.svg/300px-Carter_Mondale_1980_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Carter_Mondale_1980_logo.svg/400px-Carter_Mondale_1980_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="867" data-file-height="524" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_major_candidates_2">Other major candidates</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other major candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following candidates were frequently interviewed by major broadcast networks, were listed in published national polls, or had held public office. Carter received 10,043,016 votes in the primaries. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="9" style="text-align:center; width:600px; font-size:120%; color:white; background:#3333FF;"><i>Candidates in this section are sorted by date of withdrawal from the nomination race</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Brown" title="Jerry Brown">Jerry Brown</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Finch" title="Cliff Finch">Cliff Finch</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/William_Proxmire" title="William Proxmire">William Proxmire</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_Kennedy_1979.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Ted_Kennedy_1979.jpg/90px-Ted_Kennedy_1979.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Ted_Kennedy_1979.jpg/135px-Ted_Kennedy_1979.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Ted_Kennedy_1979.jpg/180px-Ted_Kennedy_1979.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="867" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerry_Brown,_SoS_%2772_(croppedcloser).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jerry_Brown%2C_SoS_%2772_%28croppedcloser%29.jpg/90px-Jerry_Brown%2C_SoS_%2772_%28croppedcloser%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jerry_Brown%2C_SoS_%2772_%28croppedcloser%29.jpg/135px-Jerry_Brown%2C_SoS_%2772_%28croppedcloser%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jerry_Brown%2C_SoS_%2772_%28croppedcloser%29.jpg/180px-Jerry_Brown%2C_SoS_%2772_%28croppedcloser%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="841" data-file-height="1121" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Collection-_Finch,_Charles_C._Cliff_Gov._of_MS_1976-1980_(8806301864).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Collection-_Finch%2C_Charles_C._Cliff_Gov._of_MS_1976-1980_%288806301864%29.jpg/92px-Collection-_Finch%2C_Charles_C._Cliff_Gov._of_MS_1976-1980_%288806301864%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Collection-_Finch%2C_Charles_C._Cliff_Gov._of_MS_1976-1980_%288806301864%29.jpg/138px-Collection-_Finch%2C_Charles_C._Cliff_Gov._of_MS_1976-1980_%288806301864%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Collection-_Finch%2C_Charles_C._Cliff_Gov._of_MS_1976-1980_%288806301864%29.jpg/184px-Collection-_Finch%2C_Charles_C._Cliff_Gov._of_MS_1976-1980_%288806301864%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4407" data-file-height="5730" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senator_William_Proxmire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Senator_William_Proxmire.jpg/115px-Senator_William_Proxmire.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Senator_William_Proxmire.jpg/173px-Senator_William_Proxmire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Senator_William_Proxmire.jpg/231px-Senator_William_Proxmire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1146" data-file-height="1193" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td>U.S. Senator from <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a><br /><small>(1962–2009)</small> </td> <td>Governor of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a><br /><small>(1975–1983)</small> </td> <td>Governor of <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a><br /><small>(1976–1980)</small> </td> <td>U.S. Senator from <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a><br /><small>(1957–1989)</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign">Campaign</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Brown#1980_presidential_election" title="Jerry Brown">Campaign</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Finch" title="Cliff Finch">Campaign</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Proxmire" title="William Proxmire">Campaign</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: August 11, 1980</i><br /><small><b>7,381,693</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="withdrew">W</abbr>: April 2, 1980</i><br /><small><b>575,296</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="unknown">?</abbr>: N/A</i><br /><small><b>48,032</b> votes</small> </td> <td><i><abbr title="unknown">?</abbr>: N/A</i><br /><small><b>0</b> votes</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The three major Democratic candidates in early 1980 were incumbent President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>, Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a> of Massachusetts, and Governor <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Brown" title="Jerry Brown">Jerry Brown</a> of California. Brown withdrew on April 2. Carter and Kennedy faced off in 34 primaries. Not counting the <a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968 election</a> in which <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon Johnson">Lyndon Johnson</a> withdrew his candidacy, this was the most tumultuous <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary race</a> that an elected incumbent president had encountered since <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">President Taft</a>, during the highly contentious <a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">election of 1912</a>. </p><p>During the summer of 1980, there was a short-lived "Draft Muskie" movement; Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Muskie" title="Edmund Muskie">Edmund Muskie</a> was seen as a favorable alternative to a deadlocked convention. One poll showed that Muskie would be a more popular alternative to Carter than Kennedy, implying that the attraction was not so much to Kennedy as to the fact that he was not Carter. Muskie was polling even with Ronald Reagan at the time, while Carter was seven points behind.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the underground "Draft Muskie" campaign failed, it became a political legend.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After defeating Kennedy in 24 of 34 primaries, Carter entered the party's <a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">convention</a> in New York in August with 60 percent of the delegates pledged to him on the first ballot. Still, Kennedy refused to drop out. At the convention, after a futile last-ditch attempt by Kennedy to alter the rules to free delegates from their first-ballot pledges, Carter was renominated with 2,129 votes to 1,146 for Kennedy. Vice President <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a> was also renominated. In his acceptance speech, Carter warned that Reagan's conservatism posed a threat to world peace and progressive social welfare programs from the <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Great_Society" title="Great Society">Great Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_candidates">Other candidates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;"><big><b>1980 Independent ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#dddddd; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">John B. Anderson</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#dddddd; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lucey" title="Patrick Lucey"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Patrick Lucey</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#dddddd;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/155px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/232px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg/310px-John_B._Anderson_in_New_Jersey_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="1873" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Patrick_Lucey.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Patrick_Lucey.png/143px-Patrick_Lucey.png" decoding="async" width="143" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Patrick_Lucey.png/214px-Patrick_Lucey.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Patrick_Lucey.png/285px-Patrick_Lucey.png 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="1020" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>U.S. Representative from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> <p>(1961–1981) </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Mexico" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Mexico">United States Ambassador to Mexico</a> <p><small>(1977–1979)</small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson#1980_presidential_campaign" title="John B. Anderson">Campaign</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Anderson_presidential_campaign,_1980_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/John_Anderson_presidential_campaign%2C_1980_1.png/220px-John_Anderson_presidential_campaign%2C_1980_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/John_Anderson_presidential_campaign%2C_1980_1.png/330px-John_Anderson_presidential_campaign%2C_1980_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/John_Anderson_presidential_campaign%2C_1980_1.png/440px-John_Anderson_presidential_campaign%2C_1980_1.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="289" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John B. Anderson</a> was defeated in the Republican primaries, but entered the general election as an independent candidate. He campaigned as a liberal Republican alternative to Reagan's conservatism. Anderson's campaign appealed primarily to frustrated anti-Carter voters from Republican and Democratic backgrounds.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anderson's running mate was <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lucey" title="Patrick Lucey">Patrick Lucey</a>, a Democratic former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Wisconsin" title="Governor of Wisconsin">Governor of Wisconsin</a> and then ambassador to Mexico, appointed by President Carter. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a> nominated <a href="/wiki/Ed_Clark" title="Ed Clark">Ed Clark</a> for president and <a href="/wiki/David_Koch" title="David Koch">David Koch</a> for vice president. They were on the ballot in all 50 states as well as Washington, D.C. The Libertarian Party platform was the only political party in 1980 to contain a plank advocating for the <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">equal rights of homosexual men and women</a> as well as the only party platform to advocate explicitly for "amnesty" for all illegal non-citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-presidency.ucsb.edu_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presidency.ucsb.edu-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Party_(United_States)" title="Citizens Party (United States)">Citizens Party</a> ran <a href="/wiki/Biologist" title="Biologist">biologist</a> <a href="/wiki/Barry_Commoner" title="Barry Commoner">Barry Commoner</a> for president and <a href="/wiki/Comanche" title="Comanche">Comanche</a> <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> activist <a href="/wiki/LaDonna_Harris" title="LaDonna Harris">LaDonna Harris</a> for vice president. The Commoner–Harris ticket was on the ballot in twenty-nine states<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (April 2024)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> and in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_election">General election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: General election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polling">Polling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Polling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 1980 United States presidential election">Nationwide opinion polling for the 1980 United States presidential election</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;line-height:17px"> <tbody><tr valign="bottom"> <th>Poll source </th> <th>Date(s)<br />administered </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:100px;">Ronald<br />Reagan (R) </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:100px;">Jimmy<br />Carter (D) </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:100px;">John<br />Anderson (I) </th> <th class="unsortable">Other </th> <th class="unsortable">Undecided </th> <th>Margin </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-President_Would_Beat_Ford,_Reagan_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-President_Would_Beat_Ford,_Reagan-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">March 31 – April 3, 1978 </td> <td align="center">46% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>50%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Ford_Leads_Carter_For_1980,_Poll_Says_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ford_Leads_Carter_For_1980,_Poll_Says-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">May 14–20,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1978 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>47%</b> </td> <td align="center">46% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">July 7–10, 1978 </td> <td align="center">43% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>52%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>9</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Jimmy_Carter_Leading_Ford_And_Reagan_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jimmy_Carter_Leading_Ford_And_Reagan-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">December 8–11, 1978 </td> <td align="center">35% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>57%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">2% </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>22</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Routs_Reagan_In_Election_Poll_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Routs_Reagan_In_Election_Poll-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">December 21–26, 1978 </td> <td align="center">38% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>55%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>17</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Leads,_Edge_Narrows_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Leads,_Edge_Narrows-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">March 23–26, 1979 </td> <td align="center">38% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>52%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>14</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Trails_Carter,_Kennedy_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Trails_Carter,_Kennedy-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">March, 1979 </td> <td align="center">46% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>49%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Cuts_Deeper_Into_Carter's_Lead_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Cuts_Deeper_Into_Carter's_Lead-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">May, 1979 </td> <td align="center">45% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>47%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">8% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Leads_Carter_51-43%_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Leads_Carter_51-43%-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">June, 1979 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>51%</b> </td> <td align="center">43% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>8</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (May 2024)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td align="center">June 22–25, 1979 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>49%</b> </td> <td align="center">45% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Poll_Shows_Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP's_Top_4_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poll_Shows_Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP's_Top_4-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">July 13–15, 1979 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>52%</b> </td> <td align="center">42% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">2% </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>10</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Trailing_Reagan,_Baker_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Trailing_Reagan,_Baker-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">July 28–29, 1979 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>51%</b> </td> <td align="center">44% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Gaining_Ground_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Gaining_Ground-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">August 3–6, 1979 </td> <td align="center">42% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>47%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Keeps_Lead_Over_Carter_In_Presidential_Choice_Poll_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Keeps_Lead_Over_Carter_In_Presidential_Choice_Poll-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">September 1–5, 1979 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>50%</b> </td> <td align="center">45% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-President,_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-President,_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">September 7–10, 1979 </td> <td align="center">46% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>47%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">2% </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan's_Standing_Suffers_Sharp_Drop_In_Presidential_Poll_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan's_Standing_Suffers_Sharp_Drop_In_Presidential_Poll-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">September 26 – October 1, 1979 </td> <td align="center">45% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>52%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-President,_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-President,_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 12–15, 1979 </td> <td align="center">42% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>48%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Takes_Big_Lead_In_GOP_Race_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Takes_Big_Lead_In_GOP_Race-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">November 7–10, 1979 </td> <td align="center">42% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>53%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>11</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Continues_Lead_Over_GOP_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Continues_Lead_Over_GOP-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">November 16–19, 1979 </td> <td align="center">41% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>53%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>12</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Pushes_Ahead_As_Kennedy_Falters_In_Ford-Reagan_Tests_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Pushes_Ahead_As_Kennedy_Falters_In_Ford-Reagan_Tests-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">December 7–9, 1979 </td> <td align="center">36% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>60%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>24</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Takes_Big_Lead_Over_Reagan_In_Presidential_Race_Poll_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Takes_Big_Lead_Over_Reagan_In_Presidential_Race_Poll-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">December 14–16, 1979 </td> <td align="center">36% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>59%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>23</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Consolidates_Lead_Over_GOP_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Consolidates_Lead_Over_GOP-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">January 4–6, 1980 </td> <td align="center">32% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>63%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>31</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Holds_Lead_Among_Candidates_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Holds_Lead_Among_Candidates-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">January 22, 1980 </td> <td align="center">31% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>65%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>34</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Leads_3_GOP_Contenders,_But_Ted_Trails_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Leads_3_GOP_Contenders,_But_Ted_Trails-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">February 1–3, 1980 </td> <td align="center">32% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>59%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>27</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Republicans_And_Independents_Pick_Ford_As_Favorite_Candidate_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Republicans_And_Independents_Pick_Ford_As_Favorite_Candidate-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">January 31 – February 4, 1980 </td> <td align="center">32% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>64%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>32</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Invites_Connally_Workers_To_Join_His_Effort_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Invites_Connally_Workers_To_Join_His_Effort-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">February 29 – March 2, 1980 </td> <td align="center">34% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>57%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>23</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Republicans_And_Independents_Pick_Ford_As_Favorite_Candidate_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Republicans_And_Independents_Pick_Ford_As_Favorite_Candidate-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">March 5–8, 1980 </td> <td align="center">40% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>58%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">2% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>18</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">March 13–15, 1980 </td> <td align="center">40% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>55%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>15</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">March 26–30, 1980 </td> <td align="center">47% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>50%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter's_Lead_Over_Reagan_Slipping;_Anderson_Strong_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter's_Lead_Over_Reagan_Slipping;_Anderson_Strong-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">March 28–30, 1980 </td> <td align="center">43% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>48%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">2% </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">34% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>39%</b> </td> <td align="center">21% </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">April 8, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>48%</b> </td> <td align="center">45% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>38%</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>38%</b> </td> <td align="center">22% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center"><b>0</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter's_Lead_Over_Reagan_Slipping;_Anderson_Strong_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter's_Lead_Over_Reagan_Slipping;_Anderson_Strong-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">April 11–13, 1980 </td> <td align="center">44% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>49%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">34% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>41%</b> </td> <td align="center">18% </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Leads_Carter_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Leads_Carter-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">April 25, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>42%</b> </td> <td align="center">33% </td> <td align="center">19% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td align="center"><b>9</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Anderson_Strongest_Among_Younger_Voters_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson_Strongest_Among_Younger_Voters-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">April 26–27, 1980 </td> <td align="center">43% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>47%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">10% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">35% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>40%</b> </td> <td align="center">19% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Anderson_Starts_To_Look_Like_A_Possible_Winner_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson_Starts_To_Look_Like_A_Possible_Winner-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">April 26–30, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>39%</b> </td> <td align="center">33% </td> <td align="center">23% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Outpolls_Reagan_49%_to_41%_In_Survey_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Outpolls_Reagan_49%_to_41%_In_Survey-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">May 2–5, 1980 </td> <td align="center">40% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>47%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">13% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">33% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>38%</b> </td> <td align="center">21% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Outpolls_Reagan_49%_to_41%_In_Survey_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Outpolls_Reagan_49%_to_41%_In_Survey-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">May 16–18, 1980 </td> <td align="center">41% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>49%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">10% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>8</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">32% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>40%</b> </td> <td align="center">21% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>8</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">May 30 – June 2, 1980 </td> <td align="center">39% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>50%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">11% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>11</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">32% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>39%</b> </td> <td align="center">21% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">8% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Three_New_National_Polls_Show_Reagan_Well_Ahead_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Three_New_National_Polls_Show_Reagan_Well_Ahead-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">June 5–9, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>51%</b> </td> <td align="center">44% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>39%</b> </td> <td align="center">34% </td> <td align="center">24% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">June 13–16, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>45%</b> </td> <td align="center">42% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">13% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">33% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>35%</b> </td> <td align="center">24% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">8% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">June 27–30, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>47%</b> </td> <td align="center">41% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">12% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>37%</b> </td> <td align="center">32% </td> <td align="center">22% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">9% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Gallup_Poll_Has_Reagan_Maintaining_Lead_Over_Carter_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallup_Poll_Has_Reagan_Maintaining_Lead_Over_Carter-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">July 11–14, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>37%</b> </td> <td align="center">34% </td> <td align="center">21% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">8% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan-Bush_Ticket_Leads_Dems_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan-Bush_Ticket_Leads_Dems-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">July 11–13, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>43%</b><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">34%<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">16% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>9</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"><b>July 14–17: Republican National Convention</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Poll:_Reagan_Leads_Carter_By_28_Percent_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poll:_Reagan_Leads_Carter_By_28_Percent-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Poll_Shows_Carter_Third_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poll_Shows_Carter_Third-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">July 18–21, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>61%</b> </td> <td align="center">33% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>28</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>49%</b> </td> <td align="center">23% </td> <td align="center">25% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>24</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Gallup_Poll:_Carter_Falters_But_Still_Leads_Teddy_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallup_Poll:_Carter_Falters_But_Still_Leads_Teddy-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">August 1–3, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>45%</b> </td> <td align="center">31%<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">14% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">10% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>14</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Latest_Figures:_Reagan_48%,_Carter_28%,_Anderson_19%_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Latest_Figures:_Reagan_48%,_Carter_28%,_Anderson_19%-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">August 5–6, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>57%</b> </td> <td align="center">36% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>21</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>48%</b> </td> <td align="center">28% </td> <td align="center">19% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>20</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"><b>August 11–14: Democratic National Convention</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_And_Carter_Run_Neck_And_Neck_In_Gallup_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_And_Carter_Run_Neck_And_Neck_In_Gallup-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Carter_And_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat,_According_To_Gallup_Poll_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_And_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat,_According_To_Gallup_Poll-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">August 15–17, 1980 </td> <td align="center">40% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>46%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">14% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>39%</b> </td> <td align="center">38% </td> <td align="center">14% </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">8% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-AFL-CIO_Balks_On_Carter_Support_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFL-CIO_Balks_On_Carter_Support-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">August 14–18, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>42%</b> </td> <td align="center">36% </td> <td align="center">17% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Latest_Test_Still_Shows_Reagan_And_Carter_In_Close_Contention_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Latest_Test_Still_Shows_Reagan_And_Carter_In_Close_Contention-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">August 15–18, 1980 </td> <td align="center">38% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>39%</b> </td> <td align="center">13% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">10% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Nixes_3-Way_Campaign_Debates_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Nixes_3-Way_Campaign_Debates-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">September 3–7, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>41%</b> </td> <td align="center">37% </td> <td align="center">17% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Latest_Test_Still_Shows_Reagan_And_Carter_In_Close_Contention_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Latest_Test_Still_Shows_Reagan_And_Carter_In_Close_Contention-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Holds_Narrow_Lead;_Anderson_Dips_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Holds_Narrow_Lead;_Anderson_Dips-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">September 12–15, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>41%</b> </td> <td align="center">37% </td> <td align="center">15% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Loses_Ground_In_Poll_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Loses_Ground_In_Poll-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center">September 22, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>42%</b> </td> <td align="center">36% </td> <td align="center">19% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>48%</b> </td> <td align="center">46% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">6% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Poll_Reveals_3-Point_Slip_By_Anderson_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poll_Reveals_3-Point_Slip_By_Anderson-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 3–6, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>43%</b> </td> <td align="center">39% </td> <td align="center">14% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Holds_Narrow_Lead;_Anderson_Dips_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Holds_Narrow_Lead;_Anderson_Dips-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 10–12, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>45%</b> </td> <td align="center">42% </td> <td align="center">8% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_Trims_Reagan's_Lead_By_One_Point_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_Trims_Reagan's_Lead_By_One_Point-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 14–16, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>42%</b> </td> <td align="center">39% </td> <td align="center">12% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-This_Poll_Puts_Jimmy,_Ron_In_Dead_Heat_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-This_Poll_Puts_Jimmy,_Ron_In_Dead_Heat-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 17–20, 1980 </td> <td align="center">40% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>41%</b> </td> <td align="center">10% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">9% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan,_Carter_In_Tight_Fight_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan,_Carter_In_Tight_Fight-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 22–25, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>45%</b> </td> <td align="center">42% </td> <td align="center">10% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Washington Post<sup id="cite_ref-Polls_Say_Its_Going_Down_To_The_Wire_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polls_Say_Its_Going_Down_To_The_Wire-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 26–27, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>43%</b> </td> <td align="center">39% </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">11% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Newsweek-Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Polls_Say_Its_Going_Down_To_The_Wire_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polls_Say_Its_Going_Down_To_The_Wire-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 29–30, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>44%</b> </td> <td align="center">43% </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">ABC-Harris<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td align="center">October 30 – November 1, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>45%</b> </td> <td align="center">40% </td> <td align="center">10% </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">4% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">CBS-New York Times<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td align="center">October 30 – November 1, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>44%</b> </td> <td align="center">43% </td> <td align="center">8% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">5% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Gallup<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Leading_In_Final_Poll_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Leading_In_Final_Poll-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center">October 30 – November 1, 1980 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>46%</b> </td> <td align="center">43% </td> <td align="center">7% </td> <td align="center">1% </td> <td align="center">3% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th><b>Election Results</b> </th> <td>Nov. 4, 1980 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>50.75%</b> </td> <td align="center">41.01% </td> <td align="center">6.61% </td> <td align="center">1.63% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>9.74</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign">Campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reagan gained in former Democratic strongholds such as the South and white ethnics dubbed "<a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrat" title="Reagan Democrat">Reagan Democrats</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and exuded upbeat optimism.<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">David Frum</a> says Carter ran an attack-based campaign based on "despair and pessimism" which "cost him the election."<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_161_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_161-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carter emphasized his record as a peacemaker, and said Reagan's election would threaten <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil rights">civil rights</a> and social programs that stretched back to the <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a>. Reagan's platform also emphasized the importance of peace, as well as a prepared self-defense.<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Immediately after the conclusion of the primaries,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply a full or month-and-year "|date=" of publication, or use "|year=year not specified" for intentional omission.">date missing</span></a></i>]</sup> a <a href="/wiki/Gallup_poll" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup poll">Gallup poll</a> held that Reagan was ahead, with 58% of voters upset by Carter's handling of the presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One analysis of the election has suggested that "Both Carter and Reagan were perceived negatively by a majority of the electorate."<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the three leading candidates (Reagan, Anderson and Carter) were religious Christians, Carter had the most support of evangelical Christians according to a Gallup poll.<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the end, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell" title="Jerry Falwell">Jerry Falwell</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Moral_Majority" title="Moral Majority">Moral Majority</a> lobbying group is credited with giving Reagan two-thirds of the white evangelical vote.<sup id="cite_ref-worldscollide_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-worldscollide-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Carter: "that autumn [1980] a group headed by Jerry Falwell purchased $10 million in commercials on southern radio and TV to brand me as a traitor to the South and no longer a Christian."<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The election of 1980 was a key turning point in American politics. It signaled the new electoral power of the <a href="/wiki/Suburb" title="Suburb">suburbs</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sun_Belt" title="Sun Belt">Sun Belt</a>. Reagan's success as a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> would initiate a realigning of the parties, as <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Republican" title="Rockefeller Republican">Rockefeller-style Republicans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrat" title="Reagan Democrat">conservative Democrats</a> would either leave politics or change party affiliations through the 1980s and 1990s to leave the parties much more ideologically polarized.<sup id="cite_ref-christian_science_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-christian_science-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While during <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a>'s <a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964 campaign</a>, many voters saw his warnings about a too-powerful government as hyperbolic and only 30% of the electorate agreed that government was too powerful, by 1980 a majority of Americans believed that government held too much power.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_283_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_283-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Promises">Promises</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Promises"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reagan promised a restoration of the nation's military strength, at the same time 60% of Americans polled felt defense spending was too low.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_344_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_344-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reagan also promised an end to "trust me government" and to restore economic health by implementing a <a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">supply-side economic</a> policy. Reagan promised a <a href="/wiki/Balanced_budget" title="Balanced budget">balanced budget</a> within three years (which he said would be "the beginning of the end of inflation"), accompanied by a 30% reduction in tax rates over those same years. With respect to the economy, Reagan famously said, "A recession is when your neighbor loses his job. A depression is when you lose yours. And recovery is when Jimmy Carter loses his."<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reagan also criticized the "<a href="/wiki/Windfall_profit_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Windfall profit tax">windfall profit tax</a>" that Carter and Congress enacted that year in regards to domestic oil production and promised to attempt to repeal it as president.<sup id="cite_ref-tax_history_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tax_history-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tax was not a tax on profits, but on the difference between the <a href="/wiki/Price_controls" title="Price controls">price control</a>-mandated price and the market price.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the issue of <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's rights in the United States">women's rights</a> there was much division, with many feminists frustrated with Carter, the only major-party candidate who supported the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a>. After a bitter Convention fight between Republican feminists and antifeminists the Republican Party dropped their forty-year endorsement of the ERA.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reagan, however, announced his dedication to women's rights and his intention to, if elected, appoint women to his cabinet and the first female justice to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-presidential_leadership_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presidential_leadership-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also pledged to work with all 50 state governors to combat discrimination against women and to equalize federal laws as an alternative to the ERA.<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reagan was convinced to give an endorsement of women's rights in his nomination acceptance speech. </p><p>Carter was criticized by his own aides for not having a "grand plan" for the recovery of the economy, nor did he ever make any campaign promises; he often criticized Reagan's economic recovery plan, but did not create one of his own in response.<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Events">Events</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reagan_1980_campaign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Reagan_1980_campaign.jpg/220px-Reagan_1980_campaign.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Reagan_1980_campaign.jpg/330px-Reagan_1980_campaign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Reagan_1980_campaign.jpg/440px-Reagan_1980_campaign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption>Ronald Reagan campaigning with his wife Nancy and Senator <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Strom Thurmond</a> in Columbia, South Carolina, October 10, 1980</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ronald_Reagan_campaigning_in_Florida_(8102550796).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ronald_Reagan_campaigning_in_Florida_%288102550796%29.jpg/220px-Ronald_Reagan_campaigning_in_Florida_%288102550796%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ronald_Reagan_campaigning_in_Florida_%288102550796%29.jpg/330px-Ronald_Reagan_campaigning_in_Florida_%288102550796%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ronald_Reagan_campaigning_in_Florida_%288102550796%29.jpg/440px-Ronald_Reagan_campaigning_in_Florida_%288102550796%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> campaigning in Florida</figcaption></figure> <p>In August, after the <a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention</a>, Ronald Reagan gave a campaign speech at the annual <a href="/wiki/Neshoba_County,_Mississippi" title="Neshoba County, Mississippi">Neshoba County</a> Fair on the outskirts of <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia,_Mississippi" title="Philadelphia, Mississippi">Philadelphia, Mississippi</a>, where three civil rights workers were <a href="/wiki/Murders_of_Chaney,_Goodman,_and_Schwerner" title="Murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner">murdered in 1964</a>. He was the first presidential candidate ever to campaign at the fair.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reagan famously announced, "Programs like education and others should be turned back to the states and local communities with the tax sources to fund them. I believe in <a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">states' rights</a>. I believe in people doing as much as they can at the community level and the private level."<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reagan also stated, "I believe we have distorted the balance of our government today by giving powers that were never intended to be given in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">Constitution</a> to that federal establishment." He went on to promise to "restore to states and local governments the power that properly belongs to them."<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Carter criticized Reagan for injecting "hate and racism" by the "rebirth of <a href="/wiki/States%27_rights#States'_rights_as_code_word" title="States' rights">code words like 'states' rights'</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ronald_Reagan_Shaking_Hands_with_Supporters_on_a_Campaign_Stop_in_Indiana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ronald_Reagan_Shaking_Hands_with_Supporters_on_a_Campaign_Stop_in_Indiana.jpg/220px-Ronald_Reagan_Shaking_Hands_with_Supporters_on_a_Campaign_Stop_in_Indiana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ronald_Reagan_Shaking_Hands_with_Supporters_on_a_Campaign_Stop_in_Indiana.jpg/330px-Ronald_Reagan_Shaking_Hands_with_Supporters_on_a_Campaign_Stop_in_Indiana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ronald_Reagan_Shaking_Hands_with_Supporters_on_a_Campaign_Stop_in_Indiana.jpg/440px-Ronald_Reagan_Shaking_Hands_with_Supporters_on_a_Campaign_Stop_in_Indiana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6600" data-file-height="4417" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> shaking hands with supporters at a campaign stop in Indiana</figcaption></figure> <p>Two days later, Reagan appeared at the <a href="/wiki/Urban_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban League">Urban League</a> convention in New York, where he said, "I am committed to the protection and enforcement of the civil rights of black Americans. This commitment is interwoven into every phase of the plans I will propose."<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then said that he would develop "<a href="/wiki/Urban_Enterprise_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Enterprise Zone">enterprise zones</a>" to help with urban renewal.<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The media's main criticism of Reagan centered on his gaffes. When Carter kicked off his general election campaign in <a href="/wiki/Tuscumbia,_Alabama" title="Tuscumbia, Alabama">Tuscumbia</a>, Reagan—referring to the Southern U.S. as a whole—claimed that Carter had begun his campaign in the birthplace of the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a>. In doing so, Reagan seemed to insinuate that the KKK represented the South, which caused many Southern governors to denounce Reagan's remarks.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, Reagan was widely ridiculed by Democrats for saying that trees caused pollution; he later said that he meant only certain types of pollution and his remarks had been misquoted.<sup id="cite_ref-cbs_news_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbs_news-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, Carter was burdened by a continued weak economy and the <a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_344_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_344-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inflation, high interest rates, and unemployment continued through the course of the campaign, and the ongoing hostage crisis in Iran became, according to <a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">David Frum</a> in <i>How We Got Here: The '70s</i>, a symbol of American impotence during the Carter years.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_344_89-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_344-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Anderson's independent candidacy, aimed at eliciting support from liberals, especially former supporters of <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a>, was also seen as hurting Carter more than Reagan,<sup id="cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> especially in reliably Democratic states such as Massachusetts and New York. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_debates">Presidential debates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Presidential debates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1980 United States presidential debates">1980 United States presidential debates</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> Debates among candidates for the 1980 U.S. presidential election </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Date </th> <th>Host </th> <th>Location </th> <th>Panelists </th> <th>Moderator </th> <th>Participants </th> <th>Viewership<br />(millions) </th></tr> <tr> <td>P1 </td> <td>Sunday, September 21, 1980 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Convention_Center" title="Baltimore Convention Center">Baltimore Convention Center</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carol_Loomis" title="Carol Loomis">Carol Loomis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Daniel_S._Greenberg" title="Daniel S. Greenberg">Daniel Greenberg</a><br />Charles Corddry<br />Lee May<br /><a href="/wiki/Jane_Bryant_Quinn" title="Jane Bryant Quinn">Jane Bryant Quinn</a><br />Soma Golden </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Moyers" title="Bill Moyers">Bill Moyers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Former Governor Ronald Reagan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">Congressman John Anderson</a> </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>P1a </td> <td>Tuesday, October 28, 1980 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Public_Auditorium" title="Public Auditorium">Public Auditorium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>Marvin Stone<br />Harry Ellis<br /><a href="/wiki/William_A._Hilliard" title="William A. Hilliard">William Hilliard</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Walters" title="Barbara Walters">Barbara Walters</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Howard_K._Smith" title="Howard K. Smith">Howard K. Smith</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Former Governor Ronald Reagan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">President Jimmy Carter</a> </td> <td>80.6<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8YxFc_1b_0"><span class="plainlinks">Reagan-Carter presidential debate, October 28, 1980</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/League_of_Women_Voters" title="League of Women Voters">League of Women Voters</a>, which had sponsored the 1976 Ford/Carter debate series, announced that it would do so again for the next cycle in the spring of 1979. Carter steadfastly refused to participate in a debate if Anderson was included, and Reagan refused to debate without him. A League-sponsored debate was held on September 21, 1980, in the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Convention_Center" title="Baltimore Convention Center">Baltimore Convention Center</a>. Of Carter's refusal to debate, Reagan said: "He [Carter] knows that he couldn't win a debate even if it were held in the <a href="/wiki/White_House_Rose_Garden" title="White House Rose Garden">Rose Garden</a> before an audience of Administration officials with the questions being asked by <a href="/wiki/Jody_Powell" title="Jody Powell">Jody Powell</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_on_Carter_in_Baltimore_478_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_on_Carter_in_Baltimore_478-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anderson, who many thought would handily dispatch Reagan, managed only a narrow win, according to many in the media at that time, with Reagan putting up a much stronger performance than expected. Despite the narrow win in the debate, Anderson, who had been as high as 20% in some polls, and at the time of the debate was over 10%, dropped to about 5% soon after. Anderson failed to substantively engage Reagan enough on their social issue differences and on Reagan's advocation of supply-side economics. Instead, Anderson started off by criticizing Carter: "Governor Reagan is not responsible for what has happened over the last four years, nor am I. The man who should be here tonight to respond to those charges chose not to attend," to which Reagan added: "It's a shame now that there are only two of us here debating, because the two that are here are in more agreement than disagreement."<sup id="cite_ref-Reagan_Anderson_Debate_479_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagan_Anderson_Debate_479-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In one moment in the debate, Reagan commented on a rumor that Anderson had invited Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a> to be his running mate by asking the candidate directly, "John, would you really prefer Teddy Kennedy to me?"<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As September turned into October, the situation remained essentially the same. Reagan insisted Anderson be allowed to participate in a three-way debate, while Carter remained steadfastly opposed to this. As the standoff continued, the second debate was canceled, as was the vice presidential debate. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carter_Reagan_Debate_10-28-80.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Carter_Reagan_Debate_10-28-80.png/220px-Carter_Reagan_Debate_10-28-80.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Carter_Reagan_Debate_10-28-80.png/330px-Carter_Reagan_Debate_10-28-80.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Carter_Reagan_Debate_10-28-80.png/440px-Carter_Reagan_Debate_10-28-80.png 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption>President Carter <i>(left)</i> and former Governor Reagan <i>(right)</i> at the presidential debate on October 28, 1980</figcaption></figure> <p>With two weeks to go to the election, the Reagan campaign decided at that point that the best thing to do was to accede to all of President Carter's demands. The final debate, featuring only Carter and Reagan, was rescheduled for October 28 in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>. The showdown ranked among the highest ratings of any <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> program in the previous decade. Debate topics included the Iranian hostage crisis and nuclear arms. Carter's campaign sought to portray Reagan as a reckless "war hawk", as well as a "dangerous right-wing radical". But it was President Carter's reference to his consultation with 12-year-old daughter <a href="/wiki/Amy_Carter" title="Amy Carter">Amy</a> concerning nuclear weapons policy that became the focus of post-debate analysis and fodder for late-night television <a href="/wiki/Joke" title="Joke">jokes</a>. President Carter said he had asked Amy what the most important issue in that election was and she said, "the control of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear arms">nuclear arms</a>." A famous political cartoon, published the day after Reagan's landslide victory, showed Amy Carter sitting in Jimmy's lap with her shoulders shrugged asking "the economy? the hostage crisis?"<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>When President Carter criticized Reagan's record, which included voting against <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)" title="Social Security (United States)">Social Security</a> benefits, former Governor Reagan audibly sighed and replied: "<a href="/wiki/There_you_go_again" title="There you go again">There you go again</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_debate_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs_debate-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his closing remarks, Reagan asked viewers: "Are you better off now than you were four years ago? Is it easier for you to go and buy things in the stores than it was four years ago? Is there more or less unemployment in the country than there was four years ago? Is America as respected throughout the world as it was? Do you feel that our security is as safe, that we're as strong as we were four years ago? And if you answer all of those questions 'yes', why then, I think your choice is very obvious as to whom you will vote for. If you don't agree, if you don't think that this course that we've been on for the last four years is what you would like to see us follow for the next four, then I could suggest another choice that you have".<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After trailing Carter by eight points among registered voters (and by three points among likely voters) right before their debate, Reagan moved into a three-point lead among likely voters immediately afterward.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Endorsements">Endorsements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Endorsements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 1980, former <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a> prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Leon_Jaworski" title="Leon Jaworski">Leon Jaworski</a> accepted a position as honorary chairman of <a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrat" title="Reagan Democrat">Democrats for Reagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_344_89-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_344-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five months earlier, Jaworski had harshly criticized Reagan as an "extremist"; he said after accepting the chairmanship, "I would rather have a competent extremist than an incompetent moderate."<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_344_89-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_344-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Eugene_McCarthy" title="Eugene McCarthy">Eugene McCarthy</a> of Minnesota (who in <a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968</a> had challenged <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> from the left, causing the then-President to all but abdicate) endorsed Reagan.<sup id="cite_ref-MacNeil-Lehrer_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacNeil-Lehrer-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three days before the election, the <a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rifle Association of America">National Rifle Association of America</a> endorsed a presidential candidate for the first time in its history, backing Reagan.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reagan had received the California Rifle and Pistol Association's Outstanding Public Service Award. Carter had appointed <a href="/wiki/Abner_J._Mikva" class="mw-redirect" title="Abner J. Mikva">Abner J. Mikva</a>, a fervent proponent of <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">gun control</a>, to a federal judgeship and had supported the Alaska Lands Bill, closing 40,000,000 acres (160,000 km<sup>2</sup>) to hunting.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="General_election_endorsements">General election endorsements</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: General election endorsements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#cff">List of John B. Anderson endorsements</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;"> <p>Anderson had received endorsements from: </p> <dl><dt>Former officeholders</dt></dl> <ul><li>Former <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Representative</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arizona%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arizona's 2nd congressional district">Arizona's 2nd congressional district</a>) and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Interior Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Udall" title="Stewart Udall">Stewart Udall</a> (D-AZ)<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Current and former state and local officials and party officeholders</dt> <dd><b>Massachusetts</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County_Sheriff%27s_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Middlesex County Sheriff's Office">Middlesex County Sheriff</a> <a href="/wiki/John_J._Buckley_(sheriff)" title="John J. Buckley (sheriff)">John J. Buckley</a> (D-MA)<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_House_of_Representatives" title="Massachusetts House of Representatives">Massachusetts State Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Hatch_Jr." title="Francis W. Hatch Jr.">Francis W. Hatch Jr.</a> (R-MA)<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Republican_Party" title="Massachusetts Republican Party">Massachusetts Republican Party</a> chairman <a href="/wiki/Josiah_Spaulding" title="Josiah Spaulding">Josiah Spaulding</a> (R-MA)<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Celebrities, political activists, and political commentators</dt></dl> <ul><li>Band <a href="/wiki/The_Cars" title="The Cars">The Cars</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Actor <a href="/wiki/Stockard_Channing" title="Stockard Channing">Stockard Channing</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Band <a href="/wiki/Cheap_Trick" title="Cheap Trick">Cheap Trick</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Actress <a href="/wiki/Dina_Merrill" title="Dina Merrill">Dina Merrill</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Actor <a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Actor <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Robertson" title="Cliff Robertson">Cliff Robertson</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Band <a href="/wiki/Tom_Petty_and_the_Heartbreakers" title="Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers">Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Actress <a href="/wiki/Joanne_Woodward" title="Joanne Woodward">Joanne Woodward</a><sup id="cite_ref-post_113-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Newspapers</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hutchinson_News" title="The Hutchinson News">The Hutchinson News</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Hutchinson,_Kansas" title="Hutchinson, Kansas">Hutchinson, Kansas</a><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Burlington_Free_Press" title="The Burlington Free Press">The Burlington Free Press</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Burlington,_VT" class="mw-redirect" title="Burlington, VT">Burlington, VT</a><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#cff">List of Jimmy Carter endorsements</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;"> <p>Carter had received endorsements from: </p> <dl><dt>Newspapers</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Des_Moines_Register" title="The Des Moines Register">The Des Moines Register</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines, Iowa</a><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Penn_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Penn State University">Penn State</a> Daily Collegian</i> in <a href="/wiki/State_College,_Pennsylvania" title="State College, Pennsylvania">State College, Pennsylvania</a><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#cff">List of Barry Commoner endorsements</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;"> <p>Commoner had received endorsements from: </p> <dl><dt>Celebrities, political activists, and political commentators</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Montgomery County, Pennsylvania">Montgomery County</a> precinct committeeman and Consumer Party <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Auditor_General" title="Pennsylvania Auditor General">Auditor General</a> candidate Darcy Richardson (D-PA)<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#cff">List of Clifton DeBerry endorsements</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;"> <p>DeBerry had received endorsements from: </p> <dl><dt>Celebrities, political activists and political commentators</dt></dl> <ul><li>American People's Historical Society director <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#cff">List of Ronald Reagan endorsements</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;"> <p>Reagan had received endorsements from: </p> <dl><dt>United States Senate</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">Arizona Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Dennis_DeConcini" title="Dennis DeConcini">Dennis DeConcini</a> (D-AZ)<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">Virginia Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Byrd_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Byrd Jr.">Harry Byrd Jr.</a> (D-VA)<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">New York Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Javits" title="Jacob Javits">Jacob Javits</a> (R-NY)<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Maryland Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Mathias" title="Charles Mathias">Charles Mathias</a> (R-MD)<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">Massachusetts Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Brooke" title="Edward Brooke">Edward Brooke</a> (R-MA)<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">Minnesota Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Eugene_McCarthy" title="Eugene McCarthy">Eugene McCarthy</a> (D-MN)<sup id="cite_ref-MacNeil-Lehrer_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacNeil-Lehrer-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>United States House of Representatives</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Representative</a> (<a href="/wiki/California%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="California's 12th congressional district">California's 12th congressional district</a>) <a href="/wiki/Pete_McCloskey" title="Pete McCloskey">Pete McCloskey</a> (R-CA)<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Representative</a> (<a href="/wiki/California%27s_26th_congressional_district" title="California's 26th congressional district">California's 26th congressional district</a>) <a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt" title="James Roosevelt">James Roosevelt</a> (D-CA; son of <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Governors and State Constitutional officers</dt></dl> <ul><li>Former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">Georgia Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Lester_Maddox" title="Lester Maddox">Lester Maddox</a> (D-GA)<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Alabama">Alabama Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Malcolm_Patterson" class="mw-redirect" title="John Malcolm Patterson">John Malcolm Patterson</a> (D-AL)<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">Texas Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Preston_Smith_(governor)" title="Preston Smith (governor)">Preston Smith</a> (D-TX)<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Mississippi" title="Governor of Mississippi">Mississippi Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Bell_Williams" title="John Bell Williams">John Bell Williams</a> (D-MS)<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Current and former state and local officials and party officeholders</dt> <dd><b>Florida</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a> City Advisory Board member <a href="/wiki/Jim_Naugle" title="Jim Naugle">Jim Naugle</a> (D-FL)<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>New York</b></dd></dl> <ul><li>Former <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Senate" title="New York State Senate">New York State Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_B._Bloom" title="Jeremiah B. Bloom">Jeremiah B. Bloom</a> (D-NY)<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Celebrities, political activists and political commentators</dt></dl> <ul><li>Former <a href="/wiki/UCLA_Bruins_men%27s_basketball" title="UCLA Bruins men's basketball">UCLA men's basketball head coach</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Wooden" title="John Wooden">John Wooden</a><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Retired <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Admiral_(United_States)" title="Admiral (United States)">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Elmo_Zumwalt" title="Elmo Zumwalt">Elmo Zumwalt</a> (D-VA)<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Newspaper endorsements</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Arizona_Republic" title="The Arizona Republic">The Arizona Republic</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Desert_Sun" title="The Desert Sun">The Desert Sun</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs, California</a><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Omaha_World-Herald" title="Omaha World-Herald">Omaha World-Herald</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a><sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Quad-City_Times" title="Quad-City Times">Quad-City Times</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport, Iowa</a><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Record_(Stockton,_California)" title="The Record (Stockton, California)">The Record</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Repository" title="The Repository">The Repository</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">Canton, Ohio</a><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Plain_Dealer" title="The Plain Dealer">The Plain Dealer</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland, Ohio">Cleveland, Ohio</a><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blade_(Toledo,_Ohio)" title="The Blade (Toledo, Ohio)">The Blade</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a><sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Houston_Chronicle" title="Houston Chronicle">Houston Chronicle</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Houston,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston, Texas">Houston, Texas</a><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Times-Dispatch" title="Richmond Times-Dispatch">Richmond Times-Dispatch</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results">Results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The election was held on November 4, 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ronald Reagan and running mate <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> defeated the Carter-Mondale ticket by almost 10 percentage points in the popular vote. The electoral college vote was a landslide, with 489 votes (representing 44 states) for Reagan and 49 for Carter (representing six states and Washington, D.C.). <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a> also gained control of the Senate for the first time since 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a> projected Reagan as the winner at 8:15 pm EST (5:15 PST), before voting was finished in the West, based on <a href="/wiki/Exit_polls" class="mw-redirect" title="Exit polls">exit polls</a>; it was the first time a broadcast network used exit polling to project a winner, and it took the other broadcast networks by surprise. Carter conceded defeat at 9:50 pm EST.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of Carter's advisors urged him to wait until 11:00 pm EST to allow poll results from the West Coast to come in, but Carter decided to concede earlier in order to avoid the impression that he was sulking. <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> <a href="/wiki/Tip_O%27Neill" title="Tip O'Neill">Tip O'Neill</a> angrily accused Carter of weakening the party's performance in the <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1980 United States Senate elections">Senate elections</a> by doing this.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John Anderson won 6.6% of the popular vote but no states.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had the most support in <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>, fueled by liberal and moderate Republicans who felt Reagan was too far to the right, and with voters who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the Carter administration's policies. His best showing was in <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, where he won 15% of the vote. This is the first time Massachusetts voted for a Republican nominee since Dwight Eisenhower. </p><p>Anderson performed worst in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</a>, receiving under 2% of the vote in South Carolina, Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi. He said he was accused of <a href="/wiki/Spoiler_effect" title="Spoiler effect">spoiling the election</a> by receiving votes that might have otherwise been cast for Carter,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_150-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but 37% of Anderson voters polled preferred Reagan as their second choice.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a> nominee <a href="/wiki/Ed_Clark" title="Ed Clark">Ed Clark</a> received 921,299 popular votes (1.06%). </p><p>Carter's loss was the worst performance by an incumbent president since Herbert Hoover lost to Franklin Roosevelt by a margin of 18% in <a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a>, and his 49 Electoral College votes were the fewest won by an incumbent since <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> won eight in <a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a>. Carter was the first incumbent Democrat to serve only one full term since <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a>. This was the third and most recent presidential election in which the incumbent Democrat lost reelection, after 1840 and 1888. This was the first time since 1840 that an incumbent Democrat lost the popular vote. Reagan had the most lopsided Electoral College victory for a first-time president-elect, with the exception of George Washington's unanimous victory in 1788.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This election was the last time a Republican won the presidency without winning Georgia. It was the first time Massachusetts voted for a Republican candidate since 1956. 1980 is one of only two occurrences of pairs of consecutive elections seeing the incumbent presidents defeated, the other happening in <a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a>. This is the first time since 1892 that a party was voted out after a single four-year term, and the first for Democrats since 1888. This did not occur again for either party until 2020, and for the Democrats until 2024. </p><p>Reagan won 53% of the vote in reliably Democratic <a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a>, one example of the so-called <a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrat" title="Reagan Democrat">Reagan Democrat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_283_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_283-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although he won an even larger Electoral College majority in 1984, the 1980 election nonetheless stands as the last time some now very strongly Democratic counties gave a Republican a majority or plurality. Notable examples are <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Washington" title="Jefferson County, Washington">Jefferson County</a> in Washington State, <a href="/wiki/Lane_County,_Oregon" title="Lane County, Oregon">Lane County, Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_County,_California" title="Santa Cruz County, California">Santa Cruz Counties</a> in California, <a href="/wiki/McKinley_County,_New_Mexico" title="McKinley County, New Mexico">McKinley County, New Mexico</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rock_Island_County,_Illinois" title="Rock Island County, Illinois">Rock Island County, Illinois</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Survey research and post-election polling indicated that the landslide result had been more a repudiation of Carter than an embrace of Reagan. But the public was aware that Reagan would move the nation in a more conservative direction, and was apparently willing to give it a chance to avoid four more years of Carter.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At age 69, Reagan was the oldest non-incumbent to win a presidential election. Thirty-six years later, in <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a>, this record was surpassed by <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> at age 70,<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">four years later</a> by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> at age 77,<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">another four years after</a> by <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> again at age 78. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results_2">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Electoral results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Presidential candidate </th> <th rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Home state </th> <th colspan="2">Popular vote </th> <th rowspan="2">Electoral<br />vote </th> <th colspan="3">Running mate </th></tr> <tr> <th>Count </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Vice-presidential candidate </th> <th>Home state </th> <th>Electoral vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">43,903,230 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">50.75% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">489 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">489 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (incumbent)</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35,480,115 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41.01% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">49 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a> (incumbent)</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">49 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John B. Anderson</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,719,850 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.61% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lucey" title="Patrick Lucey">Patrick Lucey</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Ed_Clark" title="Ed Clark">Ed Clark</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">921,128 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.06% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/David_Koch" title="David Koch">David Koch</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Barry_Commoner" title="Barry Commoner">Barry Commoner</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Party_(United_States)" title="Citizens Party (United States)">Citizens</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">233,052 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.27% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/LaDonna_Harris" title="LaDonna Harris">LaDonna Harris</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Gus_Hall" title="Gus Hall">Gus Hall</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">Communist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44,933 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.05% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Angela Davis</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/John_Rarick" title="John Rarick">John Rarick</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,906 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.05% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> Eileen Shearer</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Clifton_DeBerry" title="Clifton DeBerry">Clifton DeBerry</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,738 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.04% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Matilde_Zimmermann" title="Matilde Zimmermann">Matilde Zimmermann</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Ellen_McCormack" title="Ellen McCormack">Ellen McCormack</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Right_to_Life_Party" title="New York State Right to Life Party">Right to Life</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32,320 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.04% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> Carroll Driscoll</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Smith" title="Maureen Smith">Maureen Smith</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Freedom_Party" title="Peace and Freedom Party">Peace and Freedom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18,116 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.02% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Cervantes_Barron" title="Elizabeth Cervantes Barron">Elizabeth Cervantes Barron</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>  </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>77,290 </td> <td>0.09% </td> <td>— </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="3">Total </th> <td>86,509,678 </td> <td>100% </td> <td>538 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>538 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="5">Needed to win </th> <td>270 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>270 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Source (popular vote):</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLeip" class="citation web cs1">Leip, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1980&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1980 Presidential Election Results"</a>. <i>Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dave+Leip%27s+Atlas+of+U.S.+Presidential+Elections&rft.atitle=1980+Presidential+Election+Results&rft.aulast=Leip&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fnational.php%3Fyear%3D1980%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> </p><p><b>Source (electoral vote):</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/electoral-college/1980#certificates">"Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Electoral+College+Box+Scores+1789%E2%80%931996&rft.pub=National+Archives+and+Records+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Felectoral-college%2F1980%23certificates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Popular vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Reagan</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:50.75%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">50.75%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Carter</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:41.01%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">41.01%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Anderson</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#DCDCDC; width:6.61%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">6.61%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Clark</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FED105; width:1.06%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.06%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Commoner</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#00FF90; width:0.27%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.27%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#777777; width:0.30%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.30%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Electoral vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Reagan</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:90.89%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">90.89%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Carter</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:9.11%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">9.11%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1629px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 535px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 530px; height: 347px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1980_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote"><img alt="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/1980_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/500px-1980_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/1980_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/750px-1980_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/1980_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/1000px-1980_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="352" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 535px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 530px; height: 347px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1980_United_States_Presidential_election_by_congressional_districts.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Results by congressional district, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote"><img alt="Results by congressional district, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1980_United_States_Presidential_election_by_congressional_districts.svg/500px-1980_United_States_Presidential_election_by_congressional_districts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1980_United_States_Presidential_election_by_congressional_districts.svg/750px-1980_United_States_Presidential_election_by_congressional_districts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1980_United_States_Presidential_election_by_congressional_districts.svg/1000px-1980_United_States_Presidential_election_by_congressional_districts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="506" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Results by congressional district, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 535px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 530px; height: 347px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1976-1980_United_States_Presidential_swing_by_county_margin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Change in vote margins at the county level from the 1976 election to the 1980 election."><img alt="Change in vote margins at the county level from the 1976 election to the 1980 election." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/1976-1980_United_States_Presidential_swing_by_county_margin.svg/457px-1976-1980_United_States_Presidential_swing_by_county_margin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="457" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/1976-1980_United_States_Presidential_swing_by_county_margin.svg/686px-1976-1980_United_States_Presidential_swing_by_county_margin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/1976-1980_United_States_Presidential_swing_by_county_margin.svg/914px-1976-1980_United_States_Presidential_swing_by_county_margin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="562" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Change in vote margins at the county level from the 1976 election to the 1980 election.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results_by_state">Results by state</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Results by state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Legend </caption> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td colspan="2">States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a> </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td colspan="2">States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a>/<a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>†</td> <td>At-large results (Maine used the Congressional District Method) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Ronald Reagan<br />Republican </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Jimmy Carter<br />Democratic </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">John Anderson<br />Independent </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Ed Clark<br />Libertarian </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">Margin </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">State Total </th></tr> <tr> <th align="center">State </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1980 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>654,192 </td> <td>48.75 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>636,730 </td> <td>47.45 </td> <td>- </td> <td>16,481 </td> <td>1.23 </td> <td>- </td> <td>13,318 </td> <td>0.99 </td> <td>- </td> <td>17,462 </td> <td>1.30 </td> <td>1,341,929 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AL </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alaska" title="1980 United States presidential election in Alaska">Alaska</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>86,112 </td> <td>54.35 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>41,842 </td> <td>26.41 </td> <td>- </td> <td>11,155 </td> <td>7.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>18,479 </td> <td>11.66 </td> <td>- </td> <td>44,270 </td> <td>27.94 </td> <td>158,445 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AK </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona" title="1980 United States presidential election in Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>529,688 </td> <td>60.61 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>246,843 </td> <td>28.24 </td> <td>- </td> <td>76,952 </td> <td>8.81 </td> <td>- </td> <td>18,784 </td> <td>2.15 </td> <td>- </td> <td>282,845 </td> <td>32.36 </td> <td>873,945 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AZ </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1980 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>403,164 </td> <td>48.13 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>398,041 </td> <td>47.52 </td> <td>- </td> <td>22,468 </td> <td>2.68 </td> <td>- </td> <td>8,970 </td> <td>1.07 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,123 </td> <td>0.61 </td> <td>837,582 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AR </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1980 United States presidential election in California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">45 </td> <td>4,524,858 </td> <td>52.69 </td> <td>45 </td> <td>3,083,661 </td> <td>35.91 </td> <td>- </td> <td>739,833 </td> <td>8.62 </td> <td>- </td> <td>148,434 </td> <td>1.73 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,441,197 </td> <td>16.78 </td> <td>8,587,063 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1980 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td>652,264 </td> <td>55.07 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>367,973 </td> <td>31.07 </td> <td>- </td> <td>130,633 </td> <td>11.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>25,744 </td> <td>2.17 </td> <td>- </td> <td>284,291 </td> <td>24.00 </td> <td>1,184,415 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CO </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1980 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>677,210 </td> <td>48.16 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>541,732 </td> <td>38.52 </td> <td>- </td> <td>171,807 </td> <td>12.22 </td> <td>- </td> <td>8,570 </td> <td>0.61 </td> <td>- </td> <td>135,478 </td> <td>9.63 </td> <td>1,406,285 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1980 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>111,252 </td> <td>47.21 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>105,754 </td> <td>44.87 </td> <td>- </td> <td>16,288 </td> <td>6.91 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,974 </td> <td>0.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,498 </td> <td>2.33 </td> <td>235,668 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">DE </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="1980 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia">D.C.</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>23,313 </td> <td>13.41 </td> <td>- </td> <td>130,231 </td> <td>74.89 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>16,131 </td> <td>9.28 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,104 </td> <td>0.63 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-106,918 </td> <td>-61.49 </td> <td>173,889 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">DC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1980 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17 </td> <td>2,046,951 </td> <td>55.52 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>1,419,475 </td> <td>38.50 </td> <td>- </td> <td>189,692 </td> <td>5.14 </td> <td>- </td> <td>30,524 </td> <td>0.83 </td> <td>- </td> <td>627,476 </td> <td>17.02 </td> <td>3,687,026 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">FL </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1980 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>654,168 </td> <td>40.95 </td> <td>- </td> <td>890,733 </td> <td>55.76 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>36,055 </td> <td>2.26 </td> <td>- </td> <td>15,627 </td> <td>0.98 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-236,565 </td> <td>-14.81 </td> <td>1,597,467 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">GA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii" title="1980 United States presidential election in Hawaii">Hawaii</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>130,112 </td> <td>42.90 </td> <td>- </td> <td>135,879 </td> <td>44.80 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>32,021 </td> <td>10.56 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,269 </td> <td>1.08 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-5,767 </td> <td>-1.90 </td> <td>303,287 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">HI </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho" title="1980 United States presidential election in Idaho">Idaho</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>290,699 </td> <td>66.46 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>110,192 </td> <td>25.19 </td> <td>- </td> <td>27,058 </td> <td>6.19 </td> <td>- </td> <td>8,425 </td> <td>1.93 </td> <td>- </td> <td>180,507 </td> <td>41.27 </td> <td>437,431 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ID </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1980 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">26 </td> <td>2,358,049 </td> <td>49.65 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>1,981,413 </td> <td>41.72 </td> <td>- </td> <td>346,754 </td> <td>7.30 </td> <td>- </td> <td>38,939 </td> <td>0.82 </td> <td>- </td> <td>376,636 </td> <td>7.93 </td> <td>4,749,721 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IL </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1980 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>1,255,656 </td> <td>56.01 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>844,197 </td> <td>37.65 </td> <td>- </td> <td>111,639 </td> <td>4.98 </td> <td>- </td> <td>19,627 </td> <td>0.88 </td> <td>- </td> <td>411,459 </td> <td>18.35 </td> <td>2,242,033 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IN </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1980 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>676,026 </td> <td>51.31 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>508,672 </td> <td>38.60 </td> <td>- </td> <td>115,633 </td> <td>8.78 </td> <td>- </td> <td>13,123 </td> <td>1.00 </td> <td>- </td> <td>167,354 </td> <td>12.70 </td> <td>1,317,661 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1980 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td>566,812 </td> <td>57.85 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>326,150 </td> <td>33.29 </td> <td>- </td> <td>68,231 </td> <td>6.96 </td> <td>- </td> <td>14,470 </td> <td>1.48 </td> <td>- </td> <td>240,662 </td> <td>24.56 </td> <td>979,795 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">KS </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1980 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>635,274 </td> <td>49.07 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>616,417 </td> <td>47.61 </td> <td>- </td> <td>31,127 </td> <td>2.40 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,531 </td> <td>0.43 </td> <td>- </td> <td>18,857 </td> <td>1.46 </td> <td>1,294,627 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">KY </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1980 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>792,853 </td> <td>51.20 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>708,453 </td> <td>45.75 </td> <td>- </td> <td>26,345 </td> <td>1.70 </td> <td>- </td> <td>8,240 </td> <td>0.53 </td> <td>- </td> <td>84,400 </td> <td>5.45 </td> <td>1,548,591 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">LA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1980 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine †</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td>238,522 </td> <td>45.61 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>220,974 </td> <td>42.25 </td> <td>- </td> <td>53,327 </td> <td>10.20 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,119 </td> <td>0.98 </td> <td>- </td> <td>17,548 </td> <td>3.36 </td> <td>523,011 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ME </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1980 United States presidential election in Maine"><i>Maine-1</i></a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>1</i> </td> <td><i>126,274</i> </td> <td><i>45.96</i> </td> <td><i>1</i> </td> <td><i>117,613</i> </td> <td><i>42.80</i> </td> <td>– </td> <td><i>30,889</i> </td> <td><i>11.24</i> </td> <td>– </td> <td><i>Unknown</i> </td> <td><i>Unknown</i> </td> <td>– </td> <td><i>8,661</i> </td> <td><i>3.15</i> </td> <td><i>274,776</i> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>ME1</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1980 United States presidential election in Maine"><i>Maine-2</i></a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>1</i> </td> <td><i>112,248</i> </td> <td><i>47.15</i> </td> <td><i>1</i> </td> <td><i>103,361</i> </td> <td><i>43.42</i> </td> <td>– </td> <td><i>22,438</i> </td> <td><i>9.43</i> </td> <td>– </td> <td><i>Unknown</i> </td> <td><i>Unknown</i> </td> <td>– </td> <td><i>8,887</i> </td> <td><i>3.73</i> </td> <td><i>238,047</i> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>ME2</i> </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1980 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>680,606 </td> <td>44.18 </td> <td>- </td> <td>726,161 </td> <td>47.14 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>119,537 </td> <td>7.76 </td> <td>- </td> <td>14,192 </td> <td>0.92 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-45,555 </td> <td>-2.96 </td> <td>1,540,496 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MD </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14 </td> <td>1,057,631 </td> <td>41.90 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>1,053,802 </td> <td>41.75 </td> <td>- </td> <td>382,539 </td> <td>15.15 </td> <td>- </td> <td>22,038 </td> <td>0.87 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,829 </td> <td>0.15 </td> <td>2,524,298 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1980 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">21 </td> <td>1,915,225 </td> <td>48.99 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>1,661,532 </td> <td>42.50 </td> <td>- </td> <td>275,223 </td> <td>7.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>41,597 </td> <td>1.06 </td> <td>- </td> <td>253,693 </td> <td>6.49 </td> <td>3,909,725 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MI </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1980 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>873,241 </td> <td>42.56 </td> <td>- </td> <td>954,174 </td> <td>46.50 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>174,990 </td> <td>8.53 </td> <td>- </td> <td>31,592 </td> <td>1.54 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-80,933 </td> <td>-3.94 </td> <td>2,051,953 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MN </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1980 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td>441,089 </td> <td>49.42 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>429,281 </td> <td>48.09 </td> <td>- </td> <td>12,036 </td> <td>1.35 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,465 </td> <td>0.61 </td> <td>- </td> <td>11,808 </td> <td>1.32 </td> <td>892,620 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MS </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1980 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>1,074,181 </td> <td>51.16 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>931,182 </td> <td>44.35 </td> <td>- </td> <td>77,920 </td> <td>3.71 </td> <td>- </td> <td>14,422 </td> <td>0.69 </td> <td>- </td> <td>142,999 </td> <td>6.81 </td> <td>2,099,824 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MO </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="1980 United States presidential election in Montana">Montana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>206,814 </td> <td>56.82 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>118,032 </td> <td>32.43 </td> <td>- </td> <td>29,281 </td> <td>8.05 </td> <td>- </td> <td>9,825 </td> <td>2.70 </td> <td>- </td> <td>88,782 </td> <td>24.39 </td> <td>363,952 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1980 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td> <td>419,937 </td> <td>65.53 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>166,851 </td> <td>26.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>44,993 </td> <td>7.02 </td> <td>- </td> <td>9,073 </td> <td>1.42 </td> <td>- </td> <td>253,086 </td> <td>39.49 </td> <td>640,854 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1980 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>155,017 </td> <td>62.54 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>66,666 </td> <td>26.89 </td> <td>- </td> <td>17,651 </td> <td>7.12 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,358 </td> <td>1.76 </td> <td>- </td> <td>88,351 </td> <td>35.64 </td> <td>247,885 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NV </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>221,705 </td> <td>57.74 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>108,864 </td> <td>28.35 </td> <td>- </td> <td>49,693 </td> <td>12.94 </td> <td>- </td> <td>2,067 </td> <td>0.54 </td> <td>- </td> <td>112,841 </td> <td>29.39 </td> <td>383,999 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NH </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17 </td> <td>1,546,557 </td> <td>51.97 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>1,147,364 </td> <td>38.56 </td> <td>- </td> <td>234,632 </td> <td>7.88 </td> <td>- </td> <td>20,652 </td> <td>0.69 </td> <td>- </td> <td>399,193 </td> <td>13.42 </td> <td>2,975,684 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NJ </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>250,779 </td> <td>54.97 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>167,826 </td> <td>36.78 </td> <td>- </td> <td>29,459 </td> <td>6.46 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,365 </td> <td>0.96 </td> <td>- </td> <td>82,953 </td> <td>18.18 </td> <td>456,237 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NM </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1980 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">41 </td> <td>2,893,831 </td> <td>46.66 </td> <td>41 </td> <td>2,728,372 </td> <td>43.99 </td> <td>- </td> <td>467,801 </td> <td>7.54 </td> <td>- </td> <td>52,648 </td> <td>0.85 </td> <td>- </td> <td>165,459 </td> <td>2.67 </td> <td>6,201,959 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NY </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1980 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>915,018 </td> <td>49.30 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>875,635 </td> <td>47.18 </td> <td>- </td> <td>52,800 </td> <td>2.85 </td> <td>- </td> <td>9,677 </td> <td>0.52 </td> <td>- </td> <td>39,383 </td> <td>2.12 </td> <td>1,855,833 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1980 United States presidential election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>193,695 </td> <td>64.23 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>79,189 </td> <td>26.26 </td> <td>- </td> <td>23,640 </td> <td>7.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,743 </td> <td>1.24 </td> <td>- </td> <td>114,506 </td> <td>37.97 </td> <td>301,545 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1980 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25 </td> <td>2,206,545 </td> <td>51.51 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>1,752,414 </td> <td>40.91 </td> <td>- </td> <td>254,472 </td> <td>5.94 </td> <td>- </td> <td>49,033 </td> <td>1.14 </td> <td>- </td> <td>454,131 </td> <td>10.60 </td> <td>4,283,603 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OH </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1980 United States presidential election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>695,570 </td> <td>60.50 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>402,026 </td> <td>34.97 </td> <td>- </td> <td>38,284 </td> <td>3.33 </td> <td>- </td> <td>13,828 </td> <td>1.20 </td> <td>- </td> <td>293,544 </td> <td>25.53 </td> <td>1,149,708 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OK </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1980 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>571,044 </td> <td>48.33 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>456,890 </td> <td>38.67 </td> <td>- </td> <td>112,389 </td> <td>9.51 </td> <td>- </td> <td>25,838 </td> <td>2.19 </td> <td>- </td> <td>114,154 </td> <td>9.66 </td> <td>1,181,516 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OR </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1980 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27 </td> <td>2,261,872 </td> <td>49.59 </td> <td>27 </td> <td>1,937,540 </td> <td>42.48 </td> <td>- </td> <td>292,921 </td> <td>6.42 </td> <td>- </td> <td>33,263 </td> <td>0.73 </td> <td>- </td> <td>324,332 </td> <td>7.11 </td> <td>4,561,501 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">PA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1980 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>154,793 </td> <td>37.20 </td> <td>- </td> <td>198,342 </td> <td>47.67 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>59,819 </td> <td>14.38 </td> <td>- </td> <td>2,458 </td> <td>0.59 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-43,549 </td> <td>-10.47 </td> <td>416,072 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">RI </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1980 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>441,207 </td> <td>49.57 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>427,560 </td> <td>48.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>14,150 </td> <td>1.59 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,975 </td> <td>0.56 </td> <td>- </td> <td>13,647 </td> <td>1.53 </td> <td>890,083 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1980 United States presidential election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>198,343 </td> <td>60.53 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>103,855 </td> <td>31.69 </td> <td>- </td> <td>21,431 </td> <td>6.54 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,824 </td> <td>1.17 </td> <td>- </td> <td>94,488 </td> <td>28.83 </td> <td>327,703 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SD </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1980 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>787,761 </td> <td>48.70 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>783,051 </td> <td>48.41 </td> <td>- </td> <td>35,991 </td> <td>2.22 </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,116 </td> <td>0.44 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,710 </td> <td>0.29 </td> <td>1,617,616 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">TN </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1980 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">26 </td> <td>2,510,705 </td> <td>55.28 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>1,881,147 </td> <td>41.42 </td> <td>- </td> <td>111,613 </td> <td>2.46 </td> <td>- </td> <td>37,643 </td> <td>0.83 </td> <td>- </td> <td>629,558 </td> <td>13.86 </td> <td>4,541,637 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">TX </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="1980 United States presidential election in Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>439,687 </td> <td>72.77 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>124,266 </td> <td>20.57 </td> <td>- </td> <td>30,284 </td> <td>5.01 </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,226 </td> <td>1.20 </td> <td>- </td> <td>315,421 </td> <td>52.20 </td> <td>604,222 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">UT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1980 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>94,598 </td> <td>44.37 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>81,891 </td> <td>38.41 </td> <td>- </td> <td>31,760 </td> <td>14.90 </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,900 </td> <td>0.89 </td> <td>- </td> <td>12,707 </td> <td>5.96 </td> <td>213,207 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">VT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1980 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>989,609 </td> <td>53.03 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>752,174 </td> <td>40.31 </td> <td>- </td> <td>95,418 </td> <td>5.11 </td> <td>- </td> <td>12,821 </td> <td>0.69 </td> <td>- </td> <td>237,435 </td> <td>12.72 </td> <td>1,866,032 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">VA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state)" title="1980 United States presidential election in Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>865,244 </td> <td>49.66 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>650,193 </td> <td>37.32 </td> <td>- </td> <td>185,073 </td> <td>10.62 </td> <td>- </td> <td>29,213 </td> <td>1.68 </td> <td>- </td> <td>215,051 </td> <td>12.34 </td> <td>1,742,394 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1980 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>334,206 </td> <td>45.30 </td> <td>- </td> <td>367,462 </td> <td>49.81 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>31,691 </td> <td>4.30 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,356 </td> <td>0.59 </td> <td>- </td> <td>-33,256 </td> <td>-4.51 </td> <td>737,715 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WV </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1980 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>1,088,845 </td> <td>47.90 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>981,584 </td> <td>43.18 </td> <td>- </td> <td>160,657 </td> <td>7.07 </td> <td>- </td> <td>29,135 </td> <td>1.28 </td> <td>- </td> <td>107,261 </td> <td>4.72 </td> <td>2,273,221 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WI </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming" title="1980 United States presidential election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>110,700 </td> <td>62.64 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>49,427 </td> <td>27.97 </td> <td>- </td> <td>12,072 </td> <td>6.83 </td> <td>- </td> <td>4,514 </td> <td>2.55 </td> <td>- </td> <td>61,273 </td> <td>34.67 </td> <td>176,713 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WY </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTALS: </th> <th>538 </th> <th>43,903,230 </th> <th>50.75 </th> <th>489 </th> <th>35,480,115 </th> <th>41.01 </th> <th>49 </th> <th>5,719,850 </th> <th>6.61 </th> <th>- </th> <th>921,128 </th> <th>1.06 </th> <th>- </th> <th>8,423,115 </th> <th>9.74 </th> <th>86,509,678 </th> <td style="text-align:center;">US </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Maine allowed its electoral votes to be split between candidates. Two electoral votes were awarded to the winner of the statewide race and one electoral vote to the winner of each congressional district. Reagan won all four votes.<sup id="cite_ref-MaineDistrict_158-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaineDistrict-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican">States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: States that flipped from Democratic to Republican"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Close_states">Close states</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Close states"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Margin of victory less than 1% (30 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:red;"><b>Massachusetts, 0.15% (3,829 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Tennessee, 0.29% (4,710 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Arkansas, 0.61% (5,123 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory less than 5% (135 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:red;"><b>Alabama, 1.30% (17,462 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Mississippi, 1.32% (11,808 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Kentucky, 1.46% (18,857 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>South Carolina, 1.53% (13,647 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Hawaii, 1.90% (5,767 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>North Carolina, 2.12% (39,383 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Delaware, 2.33% (5,498 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>New York, 2.67% (165,459 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Maryland, 2.96% (45,555 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Maine's 1st Congressional District, 3.15% (8,661 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Maine, 3.36% (17,548 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Maine's 2nd Congressional District, 3.73% (8,887 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Minnesota, 3.94% (80,933 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>West Virginia, 4.51% (33,256 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Wisconsin, 4.72% (107,261 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory more than 5%, but less than 10% (113 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:red;"><b>Louisiana, 5.45% (84,400 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Vermont, 5.96% (12,707 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Michigan, 6.49% (253,693 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Missouri, 6.81% (142,999 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Pennsylvania, 7.11% (324,332 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><i><b>Illinois, 7.93% (376,636 votes)</b></i></span> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Tipping-point_state" title="Tipping-point state">tipping-point state</a>)</i></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Connecticut, 9.64% (135,478 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Oregon, 9.66% (114,154 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Statistics">Statistics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-auto3_157-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Counties with highest percentage of the vote (Republican) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Banner_County,_Nebraska" title="Banner County, Nebraska">Banner County, Nebraska</a> 90.41%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Idaho" title="Madison County, Idaho">Madison County, Idaho</a> 88.41%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/McIntosh_County,_North_Dakota" title="McIntosh County, North Dakota">McIntosh County, North Dakota</a> 86.01%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/McPherson_County,_South_Dakota" title="McPherson County, South Dakota">McPherson County, South Dakota</a> 85.60%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Idaho" title="Franklin County, Idaho">Franklin County, Idaho</a> 85.31%</span></b></li></ol> <p>Counties with highest percentage of the vote (Democratic) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Macon_County,_Alabama" title="Macon County, Alabama">Macon County, Alabama</a> 80.10%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Hancock_County,_Georgia" title="Hancock County, Georgia">Hancock County, Georgia</a> 78.50%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Duval_County,_Texas" title="Duval County, Texas">Duval County, Texas</a> 77.91%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Mississippi" title="Jefferson County, Mississippi">Jefferson County, Mississippi</a> 77.84%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Alabama" title="Greene County, Alabama">Greene County, Alabama</a> 77.09%</span></b></li></ol> <p>Counties with highest percentage of the vote (Other) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Pitkin_County,_Colorado" title="Pitkin County, Colorado">Pitkin County, Colorado</a> 27.76%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Nantucket" title="Nantucket">Nantucket, Massachusetts</a> 21.63%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Winnebago_County,_Illinois" title="Winnebago County, Illinois">Winnebago County, Illinois</a> 21.50%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Dukes_County,_Massachusetts" title="Dukes County, Massachusetts">Dukes County, Massachusetts</a> 20.88%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Story_County,_Iowa" title="Story County, Iowa">Story County, Iowa</a> 19.41%</span></b></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voter_demographics">Voter demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Voter demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="8">The 1980 presidential vote by demographic subgroup </th></tr> <tr> <th>Demographic subgroup </th> <th style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Carter </th> <th style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Reagan </th> <th style="background-color:#DCDCDC">Anderson </th> <th>% of<br />total vote </th></tr> <tr> <td>Total vote </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Ideology </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">Liberals</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">60 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">28 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moderates" class="mw-redirect" title="Moderates">Moderates</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">46 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatives</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">23 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">73 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Party </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">67 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">43 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">85 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_(voter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (voter)">Independents</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Sex </th></tr> <tr> <td>Men </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">37 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">51 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Women </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">46 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">49 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Race </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">56 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">88 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">Black</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">83 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">14 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">56 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">37 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Age </th></tr> <tr> <td>18–21 years old </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>22–29 years old </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#d0c0d7;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#d0c0d7;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17 </td></tr> <tr> <td>30–44 years old </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31 </td></tr> <tr> <td>45–59 years old </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23 </td></tr> <tr> <td>60 and older </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Family income </th></tr> <tr> <td>Under $10,000 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">52 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">42 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13 </td></tr> <tr> <td>$10,000–15,000 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">48 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14 </td></tr> <tr> <td>$15,000–25,000 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>$25,000–50,000 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">33 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">59 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Over $50,000 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">26 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">66 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Region </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">East</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">42 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">20 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">52 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">West</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">35 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Union households </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">Union</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#b0ceff;">48 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#fff3f3;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Non-union </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#f0f0ff;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#ffb6b6;">56 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">62 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Source:</b> <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> exit poll from the <a href="/wiki/Roper_Center_for_Public_Opinion_Research" title="Roper Center for Public Opinion Research">Roper Center for Public Opinion Research</a> (<small>15,201 surveyed</small>)<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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<li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1964%E2%80%931980)" title="History of the United States (1964–1980)">History of the United States (1964–1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1980%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the United States (1980–1991)">History of the United States (1980–1991)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anderson_v._Celebrezze" title="Anderson v. Celebrezze">Anderson v. Celebrezze</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_activities_of_the_Koch_brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Political activities of the Koch brothers">Political activities of the Koch brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debategate" title="Debategate">Debategate</a> per allegations of Carter's briefing books being leaked to Reagan campaign prior to their debate</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In some states labeled as National Unity, Anderson Coalition, Anderson Alternative or "Anderson for President". Was also the nominee of the Liberal Party of New York.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Date is approximate</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With George Bush</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With Walter Mondale</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With Walter Mondale</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present">"National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present"</a>. <i>United States Election Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140725110444/http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Election+Project&rft.atitle=National+General+Election+VEP+Turnout+Rates%2C+1789-Present&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electproject.org%2Fnational-1789-present&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallaghanVirtanen1993" class="citation journal cs1">Callaghan, Karen J.; Virtanen, Simo (August 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.2307/2131999">"Revised Models of the "Rally Phenomenon": The Case of the Carter Presidency"</a>. <i>The Journal of Politics</i>. <b>55</b> (3): 756–764. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2131999">10.2307/2131999</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-3816">0022-3816</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2131999">2131999</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240102122002/https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.2307/2131999">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Politics&rft.atitle=Revised+Models+of+the+%22Rally+Phenomenon%22%3A+The+Case+of+the+Carter+Presidency&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=756-764&rft.date=1993-08&rft.issn=0022-3816&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2131999%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2131999&rft.aulast=Callaghan&rft.aufirst=Karen+J.&rft.au=Virtanen%2C+Simo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.2307%2F2131999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownstein2024" class="citation news cs1">Brownstein, Ronald (September 16, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/17/politics/blue-wall-states-harris-trump-analysis/index.html">"Why these three states are the most consistent tipping point in American politics"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Why+these+three+states+are+the+most+consistent+tipping+point+in+American+politics&rft.date=2024-09-16&rft.aulast=Brownstein&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2024%2F09%2F17%2Fpolitics%2Fblue-wall-states-harris-trump-analysis%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-'70s_292-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-'70s_292_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrum2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">Frum, David</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/292"><i>How We Got Here: The '70s</i></a>. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/292">292</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7"><bdi>0-465-04195-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+We+Got+Here%3A+The+%2770s&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=292&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-465-04195-7&rft.aulast=Frum&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowwegothere70sd00frum%2Fpage%2F292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uppafb-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uppafb_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uppafb_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080307085655/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946222,00.html">"Oil Squeeze"</a>. <i>Time</i>. February 5, 1979. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946222,00.html">the original</a> on March 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Oil+Squeeze&rft.date=1979-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C946222%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/money/retirement-planning/inflation-proofing-6-07/overview/0607_inflation_proofing_ov.htm">"Inflation-proofing"</a>. ConsumerReports.org. February 11, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100328194412/http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/money/retirement-planning/inflation-proofing-6-07/overview/0607_inflation_proofing_ov.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inflation-proofing&rft.pub=ConsumerReports.org&rft.date=2010-02-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consumerreports.org%2Fcro%2Fmoney%2Fretirement-planning%2Finflation-proofing-6-07%2Foverview%2F0607_inflation_proofing_ov.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019101602/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-crisis-speech/">"Jimmy Carter"</a>. <i>American Experience</i>. PBS. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-crisis-speech/">the original</a> on October 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Experience&rft.atitle=Jimmy+Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Famericanexperience%2Ffeatures%2Fgeneral-article%2Fcarter-crisis-speech%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090721024329/http://millercenter.org/scripps/archive/speeches/detail/3402">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Crisis of Confidence" Speech (July 15, 1979)"</a>. Miller Center, University of Virginia. October 20, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://millercenter.org/scripps/archive/speeches/detail/3402">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(text and video)</span> on July 21, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Crisis+of+Confidence%22+Speech+%28July+15%2C+1979%29&rft.pub=Miller+Center%2C+University+of+Virginia&rft.date=2016-10-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmillercenter.org%2Fscripps%2Farchive%2Fspeeches%2Fdetail%2F3402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bg-series-4-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bg-series-4_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllis,_Sam2009" class="citation news cs1">Allis, Sam (February 18, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2009/02/18/chapter_4_sailing_into_the_wind/">"Chapter 4: Sailing Into the Wind: Losing a quest for the top, finding a new freedom"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174031/http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2009/02/18/chapter_4_sailing_into_the_wind/">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=How+Ted+Kennedy%27s+%2780+Challenge+To+President+Carter+%27Broke+The+Democratic+Party%27&rft.date=2019-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2019%2F01%2F17%2F686186156%2Fhow-ted-kennedys-80-challenge-to-president-carter-broke-the-democratic-party&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chappaquiddick21980-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chappaquiddick21980_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chappaquiddick21980_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanburn2019" class="citation news cs1">Sanburn, Josh (July 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2019/07/chappaquiddick-anniversary-kennedy-kopechne">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The Kennedy Machine Buried What Really Happened": Revisiting Chappaquiddick, 50 Years Later"</a>. 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"Foreign Policy and Presidential Popularity: Creating Windows of Opportunity in the Perpetual Election". <i>The Journal of Conflict Resolution</i>. <b>34</b> (4): 588–623. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0022002790034004002">10.1177/0022002790034004002</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/174181">174181</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154620443">154620443</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Conflict+Resolution&rft.atitle=Foreign+Policy+and+Presidential+Popularity%3A+Creating+Windows+of+Opportunity+in+the+Perpetual+Election&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=588-623&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154620443%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F174181%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0022002790034004002&rft.aulast=Marra&rft.aufirst=Robin+F.&rft.au=Ostrom%2C+Charles+W.&rft.au=Simon%2C+Dennis+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021016003953/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/01/19/iran/main265499.shtml">"CBS News | Reagan's Lucky Day"</a>. <i>www.cbsnews.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/01/19/iran/main265499.shtml">the original</a> on October 16, 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cbsnews.com&rft.atitle=CBS+News+%26%23124%3B+Reagan%27s+Lucky+Day&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fstories%2F2001%2F01%2F19%2Firan%2Fmain265499.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.press.umich.edu/pdf/0472108670-03.pdf">"Chapter 3 : The Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Press.umich.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.press.umich.edu/pdf/0472108670-03.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Press.umich.edu&rft.atitle=Chapter+3+%3A+The+Iranian+Hostage+Rescue+Mission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.press.umich.edu%2Fpdf%2F0472108670-03.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-christian_science-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-christian_science_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-christian_science_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJerry_Lanson2008" class="citation news cs1">Jerry Lanson (November 6, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/2008/1106/p09s02-coop.html">"A historic victory. A changed nation. Now, can Obama deliver?"</a>. <i>Christian Science Monitor</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090501071734/http://www.csmonitor.com/2008/1106/p09s02-coop.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 1, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=A+historic+victory.+A+changed+nation.+Now%2C+can+Obama+deliver%3F&rft.date=2008-11-06&rft.au=Jerry+Lanson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F2008%2F1106%2Fp09s02-coop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gaddis Smith, <i>Morality, Reason and Power: American Diplomacy in the Carter Years</i> (1986) pp 224–228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Odd Arne Westad, ed. "The Fall of Détente." in <i>Soviet-American Relations during the Carter Years</i> (Scandinavian University Press, 1997).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins,_James_S.2008" class="citation web cs1">Robbins, James S. (May 13, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/clinton-campaign-reminiscent-of-1980-race/">"Clinton Campaign Reminiscent of 1980 Race"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230605020402/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/clinton-campaign-reminiscent-of-1980-race/">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clinton+Campaign+Reminiscent+of+1980+Race&rft.pub=CBS+News&rft.date=2008-05-13&rft.au=Robbins%2C+James+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fclinton-campaign-reminiscent-of-1980-race%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080226161048/http://www.startribune.com/business/15887132.html">"Steenland: Odd man out?"</a>. <i>Star Tribune</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.startribune.com/business/15887132.html">the original</a> on February 26, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Star+Tribune&rft.atitle=Steenland%3A+Odd+man+out%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2Fbusiness%2F15887132.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William DeGregorio, <i>The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents</i>, Gramercy 1997</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKornacki2011" class="citation web cs1">Kornacki, Steve (April 6, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110406213710/http://www.salon.com/books/history/index.html?story=%2Fpolitics%2Fwar_room%2F2011%2F04%2F04%2Fthird_party_myth_easterbrook">"The myths that just won't die - History - Salon.com"</a>. <i>Salon.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/books/history/index.html?story=/politics/war_room/2011/04/04/third_party_myth_easterbrook">the original</a> on April 6, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 7,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salon.com&rft.atitle=The+myths+that+just+won%27t+die+-+History+-+Salon.com&rft.date=2011-04-06&rft.aulast=Kornacki&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2Fbooks%2Fhistory%2Findex.html%3Fstory%3D%2Fpolitics%2Fwar_room%2F2011%2F04%2F04%2Fthird_party_myth_easterbrook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-presidency.ucsb.edu-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-presidency.ucsb.edu_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/platforms.php">http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/platforms.php</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080523221423/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/platforms.php">Archived</a> May 23, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.lpedia.org/1980_Libertarian_Party_Platform#3._Victimless_Crimes">http://www.lpedia.org/1980_Libertarian_Party_Platform#3._Victimless_Crimes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182240/http://www.lpedia.org/1980_Libertarian_Party_Platform#3._Victimless_Crimes">Archived</a> November 19, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2013" class="citation book cs1">Moore, John (December 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uVVcAgAAQBAJ&q=commoner+harris+ticket&pg=PA73"><i>Elections A-Z</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135938703" title="Special:BookSources/9781135938703"><bdi>9781135938703</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elections+A-Z&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.isbn=9781135938703&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuVVcAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dcommoner%2Bharris%2Bticket%26pg%3DPA73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-President_Would_Beat_Ford,_Reagan-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-President_Would_Beat_Ford,_Reagan_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/334905281">"President Would Beat Ford, Reagan"</a>. <i>The Tampa Tribune</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240525183252/https://www.newspapers.com/image/334905281">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tampa+Tribune&rft.atitle=President+Would+Beat+Ford%2C+Reagan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F334905281&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ford_Leads_Carter_For_1980,_Poll_Says-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ford_Leads_Carter_For_1980,_Poll_Says_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/677446948">"Ford Leads Carter For 1980, Poll Says"</a>. <i>The Kansas City Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528043441/https://www.newspapers.com/image/677446948">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Kansas+City+Times&rft.atitle=Ford+Leads+Carter+For+1980%2C+Poll+Says&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F677446948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/351850922">"Kennedy Stronger Than Carter Against GOP"</a>. <i>Rapid City Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526154211/https://www.newspapers.com/image/351850922">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+City+Journal&rft.atitle=Kennedy+Stronger+Than+Carter+Against+GOP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F351850922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jimmy_Carter_Leading_Ford_And_Reagan-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jimmy_Carter_Leading_Ford_And_Reagan_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/964283432">"Jimmy Carter Leading Ford And Reagan"</a>. <i>Danville Register and Bee</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526160621/https://www.newspapers.com/image/964283432">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Danville+Register+and+Bee&rft.atitle=Jimmy+Carter+Leading+Ford+And+Reagan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F964283432&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Routs_Reagan_In_Election_Poll-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Routs_Reagan_In_Election_Poll_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/144038489">"Carter Routs Reagan In Election Poll"</a>. <i>Asbury Park Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528040712/https://www.newspapers.com/image/144038489">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Carter+Routs+Reagan+In+Election+Poll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F144038489&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Leads,_Edge_Narrows-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Leads,_Edge_Narrows_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/964544995">"Carter Leads, Edge Narrows"</a>. <i>Danville Register and Bee</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526165855/https://www.newspapers.com/image/964544995">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Danville+Register+and+Bee&rft.atitle=Carter+Leads%2C+Edge+Narrows&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F964544995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Trails_Carter,_Kennedy-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Trails_Carter,_Kennedy_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/209258899">"Reagan Trails Carter, Kennedy"</a>. <i>Lansing State Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lansing+State+Journal&rft.atitle=Reagan+Trails+Carter%2C+Kennedy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F209258899&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Cuts_Deeper_Into_Carter's_Lead-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Cuts_Deeper_Into_Carter's_Lead_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/190984428">"Reagan Cuts Deeper Into Carter's Lead"</a>. <i>The Minneapolis Star</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528053150/https://www.newspapers.com/image/190984428">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Minneapolis+Star&rft.atitle=Reagan+Cuts+Deeper+Into+Carter%27s+Lead&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F190984428&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Leads_Carter_51-43%-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Leads_Carter_51-43%_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/220787304">"Reagan Leads Carter 51-43%"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528053152/https://www.newspapers.com/image/220787304">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Reagan+Leads+Carter+51-43%25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F220787304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poll_Shows_Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP's_Top_4-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Poll_Shows_Kennedy_Stronger_Than_Carter_Against_GOP's_Top_4_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/602399108">"Poll Shows Kennedy Stronger Than Carter Against GOP's Top 4"</a>. <i>The Shreveport Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526233436/https://www.newspapers.com/image/602399108">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Shreveport+Journal&rft.atitle=Poll+Shows+Kennedy+Stronger+Than+Carter+Against+GOP%27s+Top+4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F602399108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Trailing_Reagan,_Baker-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Trailing_Reagan,_Baker_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/191090602">"Carter Trailing Reagan, Baker"</a>. <i>The Minneapolis Star</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528141602/https://www.newspapers.com/image/191090602">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Minneapolis+Star&rft.atitle=Carter+Trailing+Reagan%2C+Baker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F191090602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Gaining_Ground-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Gaining_Ground_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/351779118">"Carter Gaining Ground"</a>. <i>Rapid City Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526235326/https://www.newspapers.com/image/351779118">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+City+Journal&rft.atitle=Carter+Gaining+Ground&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F351779118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Keeps_Lead_Over_Carter_In_Presidential_Choice_Poll-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Keeps_Lead_Over_Carter_In_Presidential_Choice_Poll_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/144100454">"Reagan Keeps Lead Over Carter In Presidential Choice Poll"</a>. <i>Asbury Park Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528143247/https://www.newspapers.com/image/144100454">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Reagan+Keeps+Lead+Over+Carter+In+Presidential+Choice+Poll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F144100454&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-President,_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-President,_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-President,_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/628225800">"President, Reagan In Dead Heat"</a>. <i>The Miami Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527002240/https://www.newspapers.com/image/628225800">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=President%2C+Reagan+In+Dead+Heat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F628225800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan's_Standing_Suffers_Sharp_Drop_In_Presidential_Poll-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan's_Standing_Suffers_Sharp_Drop_In_Presidential_Poll_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/144586078">"Reagan's Standing Suffers Sharp Drop In Presidential Poll"</a>. <i>Asbury Park Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528143942/https://www.newspapers.com/image/144586078">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Reagan%27s+Standing+Suffers+Sharp+Drop+In+Presidential+Poll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F144586078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Takes_Big_Lead_In_GOP_Race-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Takes_Big_Lead_In_GOP_Race_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/144219110">"Reagan Takes Big Lead In GOP Race"</a>. <i>Asbury Park Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528145709/https://www.newspapers.com/image/144219110">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Reagan+Takes+Big+Lead+In+GOP+Race&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F144219110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Continues_Lead_Over_GOP-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Continues_Lead_Over_GOP_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/335317843">"Carter Continues Lead Over GOP"</a>. <i>The Tampa Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tampa+Tribune&rft.atitle=Carter+Continues+Lead+Over+GOP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F335317843&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Pushes_Ahead_As_Kennedy_Falters_In_Ford-Reagan_Tests-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Pushes_Ahead_As_Kennedy_Falters_In_Ford-Reagan_Tests_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/628237858">"Carter Pushes Ahead As Kennedy Falters In Ford-Reagan Tests"</a>. <i>The Miami Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527012759/https://www.newspapers.com/image/628237858">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Carter+Pushes+Ahead+As+Kennedy+Falters+In+Ford-Reagan+Tests&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F628237858&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Takes_Big_Lead_Over_Reagan_In_Presidential_Race_Poll-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Takes_Big_Lead_Over_Reagan_In_Presidential_Race_Poll_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/143538507">"Carter Takes Big Lead Over Reagan In Presidential Race Poll"</a>. <i>Asbury Park Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528150513/https://www.newspapers.com/image/143538507">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Carter+Takes+Big+Lead+Over+Reagan+In+Presidential+Race+Poll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F143538507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Consolidates_Lead_Over_GOP-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Consolidates_Lead_Over_GOP_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/325233058">"Carter Consolidates Lead Over GOP"</a>. <i>The Tampa Tribune</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527021000/https://www.newspapers.com/image/325233058">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tampa+Tribune&rft.atitle=Carter+Consolidates+Lead+Over+GOP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F325233058&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Holds_Lead_Among_Candidates-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Holds_Lead_Among_Candidates_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/145007946">"Carter Holds Lead Among Candidates"</a>. <i>Asbury Park Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528153250/https://www.newspapers.com/image/145007946">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Carter+Holds+Lead+Among+Candidates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F145007946&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Leads_3_GOP_Contenders,_But_Ted_Trails-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Leads_3_GOP_Contenders,_But_Ted_Trails_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/628290780">"Carter Leads 3 GOP Contenders, But Ted Trails"</a>. <i>The Miami Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527022626/https://www.newspapers.com/image/628290780">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Carter+Leads+3+GOP+Contenders%2C+But+Ted+Trails&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F628290780&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Republicans_And_Independents_Pick_Ford_As_Favorite_Candidate-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Republicans_And_Independents_Pick_Ford_As_Favorite_Candidate_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Republicans_And_Independents_Pick_Ford_As_Favorite_Candidate_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/143606587">"Republicans And Independents Pick Ford As Favorite Candidate"</a>. <i>Asbury Park Press</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Republicans+And+Independents+Pick+Ford+As+Favorite+Candidate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F143606587&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Invites_Connally_Workers_To_Join_His_Effort-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Invites_Connally_Workers_To_Join_His_Effort_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/325240462">"Reagan Invites Connally Workers To Join His Effort"</a>. <i>Des Moines Tribune</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527025716/https://www.newspapers.com/image/325240462">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Des+Moines+Tribune&rft.atitle=Reagan+Invites+Connally+Workers+To+Join+His+Effort&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F325240462&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Tops_Voters'_List;_Carter_Dives_51-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/255523976">"Reagan Tops Voters' List; Carter Dives"</a>. <i>Press and Sun-Bulletin</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Press+and+Sun-Bulletin&rft.atitle=Reagan+Tops+Voters%27+List%3B+Carter+Dives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F255523976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter's_Lead_Over_Reagan_Slipping;_Anderson_Strong-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carter's_Lead_Over_Reagan_Slipping;_Anderson_Strong_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carter's_Lead_Over_Reagan_Slipping;_Anderson_Strong_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/628717795">"Carter's Lead Over Reagan Slipping; Anderson Strong"</a>. <i>The Miami Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527031401/https://www.newspapers.com/image/628717795">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Carter%27s+Lead+Over+Reagan+Slipping%3B+Anderson+Strong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F628717795&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Leads_Carter-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Leads_Carter_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/1046603486">"Reagan Leads Carter"</a>. <i>Journal and Courier</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+and+Courier&rft.atitle=Reagan+Leads+Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F1046603486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anderson_Strongest_Among_Younger_Voters-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Anderson_Strongest_Among_Younger_Voters_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/965404960">"Anderson Strongest Among Younger Voters"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527034256/https://www.newspapers.com/image/965404960">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Anderson+Strongest+Among+Younger+Voters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F965404960&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anderson_Starts_To_Look_Like_A_Possible_Winner-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Anderson_Starts_To_Look_Like_A_Possible_Winner_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/98551357">"Anderson Starts To Look Like A Possible Winner"</a>. <i>Detroit Free Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528170502/https://www.newspapers.com/image/98551357">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Detroit+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Anderson+Starts+To+Look+Like+A+Possible+Winner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F98551357&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Outpolls_Reagan_49%_to_41%_In_Survey-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Outpolls_Reagan_49%_to_41%_In_Survey_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Outpolls_Reagan_49%_to_41%_In_Survey_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/385345061">"Carter Outpolls Reagan 49% to 41% In Survey"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527034257/https://www.newspapers.com/image/385345061">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Carter+Outpolls+Reagan+49%25+to+41%25+In+Survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F385345061&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Stretches_Lead_Over_President_Carter_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/612964907">"Reagan Stretches Lead Over President Carter"</a>. <i>The Salt Lake Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Salt+Lake+Tribune&rft.atitle=Reagan+Stretches+Lead+Over+President+Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F612964907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Three_New_National_Polls_Show_Reagan_Well_Ahead-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Three_New_National_Polls_Show_Reagan_Well_Ahead_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/399442859/">"Three New National Polls Show Reagan Well Ahead"</a>. <i>The Atlanta Constitution</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528170506/https://www.newspapers.com/image/399442859/">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlanta+Constitution&rft.atitle=Three+New+National+Polls+Show+Reagan+Well+Ahead&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F399442859%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Widens_Lead_While_Anderson_Slips_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/965797924">"Reagan Widens Lead While Anderson Slips"</a>. <i>Danville Register and Bee</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527210848/https://www.newspapers.com/image/965797924">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Danville+Register+and+Bee&rft.atitle=Reagan+Widens+Lead+While+Anderson+Slips&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F965797924&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gallup_Poll_Has_Reagan_Maintaining_Lead_Over_Carter-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gallup_Poll_Has_Reagan_Maintaining_Lead_Over_Carter_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/351854273">"Gallup Poll Has Reagan Maintaining Lead Over Carter"</a>. <i>Rapid City Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527123305/https://www.newspapers.com/image/351854273">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+City+Journal&rft.atitle=Gallup+Poll+Has+Reagan+Maintaining+Lead+Over+Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F351854273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan-Bush_Ticket_Leads_Dems-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan-Bush_Ticket_Leads_Dems_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/88789023">"Reagan-Bush Ticket Leads Dems"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527125320/https://www.newspapers.com/image/88789023">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Reagan-Bush+Ticket+Leads+Dems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F88789023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poll:_Reagan_Leads_Carter_By_28_Percent-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Poll:_Reagan_Leads_Carter_By_28_Percent_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/149658493">"Poll: Reagan Leads Carter By 28 Percent"</a>. <i>Reno Gazette-Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528173232/https://www.newspapers.com/image/149658493">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reno+Gazette-Journal&rft.atitle=Poll%3A+Reagan+Leads+Carter+By+28+Percent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F149658493&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poll_Shows_Carter_Third-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Poll_Shows_Carter_Third_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/428525563">"Poll Shows Carter Third"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528173233/https://www.newspapers.com/image/428525563">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Poll+Shows+Carter+Third&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F428525563&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gallup_Poll:_Carter_Falters_But_Still_Leads_Teddy-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gallup_Poll:_Carter_Falters_But_Still_Leads_Teddy_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/518942142">"Gallup Poll: Carter Falters But Still Leads Teddy"</a>. <i>The Daily News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527125326/https://www.newspapers.com/image/518942142">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Gallup+Poll%3A+Carter+Falters+But+Still+Leads+Teddy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F518942142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Latest_Figures:_Reagan_48%,_Carter_28%,_Anderson_19%-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Latest_Figures:_Reagan_48%,_Carter_28%,_Anderson_19%_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/1065588592">"Latest Figures: Reagan 48%, Carter 28%, Anderson 19%"</a>. <i>The Plain Dealer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528180701/https://www.newspapers.com/image/1065588592">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Plain+Dealer&rft.atitle=Latest+Figures%3A+Reagan+48%25%2C+Carter+28%25%2C+Anderson+19%25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F1065588592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_And_Carter_Run_Neck_And_Neck_In_Gallup-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_And_Carter_Run_Neck_And_Neck_In_Gallup_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/628730997">"Reagan And Carter Run Neck And Neck In Gallup"</a>. <i>The Miami Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527213126/https://www.newspapers.com/image/628730997">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Reagan+And+Carter+Run+Neck+And+Neck+In+Gallup&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F628730997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_And_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat,_According_To_Gallup_Poll-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_And_Reagan_In_Dead_Heat,_According_To_Gallup_Poll_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/129129713">"Carter And Reagan In Dead Heat, According To Gallup Poll"</a>. <i>The Des Moines Register</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527213124/https://www.newspapers.com/image/129129713">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Des+Moines+Register&rft.atitle=Carter+And+Reagan+In+Dead+Heat%2C+According+To+Gallup+Poll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F129129713&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFL-CIO_Balks_On_Carter_Support-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AFL-CIO_Balks_On_Carter_Support_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/161566588">"AFL-CIO Balks On Carter Support"</a>. <i>The News Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528182446/https://www.newspapers.com/image/161566588">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+Journal&rft.atitle=AFL-CIO+Balks+On+Carter+Support&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F161566588&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Latest_Test_Still_Shows_Reagan_And_Carter_In_Close_Contention-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Latest_Test_Still_Shows_Reagan_And_Carter_In_Close_Contention_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Latest_Test_Still_Shows_Reagan_And_Carter_In_Close_Contention_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/107626108">"Latest Test Still Shows Reagan And Carter In Close Contention"</a>. <i>The Indianapolis Star</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527222807/https://www.newspapers.com/image/107626108">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indianapolis+Star&rft.atitle=Latest+Test+Still+Shows+Reagan+And+Carter+In+Close+Contention&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F107626108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Nixes_3-Way_Campaign_Debates-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Nixes_3-Way_Campaign_Debates_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/186033302">"Carter Nixes 3-Way Campaign Debates"</a>. <i>Philadelphia Daily News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philadelphia+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Carter+Nixes+3-Way+Campaign+Debates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F186033302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Holds_Narrow_Lead;_Anderson_Dips-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Holds_Narrow_Lead;_Anderson_Dips_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Holds_Narrow_Lead;_Anderson_Dips_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/107626108">"Reagan Holds Narrow Lead; Anderson Dips"</a>. <i>The Knoxville News-Sentinel</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527222807/https://www.newspapers.com/image/107626108">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Knoxville+News-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Reagan+Holds+Narrow+Lead%3B+Anderson+Dips&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F107626108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Loses_Ground_In_Poll-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Loses_Ground_In_Poll_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/186033302">"Carter Loses Ground In Poll"</a>. <i>The Times Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240921111129/https://www.newspapers.com/image/186033302">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+Herald&rft.atitle=Carter+Loses+Ground+In+Poll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F186033302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poll_Reveals_3-Point_Slip_By_Anderson-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Poll_Reveals_3-Point_Slip_By_Anderson_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/1051563422">"Poll Reveals 3-Point Slip By Anderson"</a>. <i>Tarrytown Daily News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528190457/https://www.newspapers.com/image/1051563422">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tarrytown+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Poll+Reveals+3-Point+Slip+By+Anderson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F1051563422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter_Trims_Reagan's_Lead_By_One_Point-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter_Trims_Reagan's_Lead_By_One_Point_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/873974448">"Poll Reveals 3-Point Slip By Anderson"</a>. <i>The Buffalo News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528190456/https://www.newspapers.com/image/873974448">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Buffalo+News&rft.atitle=Poll+Reveals+3-Point+Slip+By+Anderson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F873974448&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-This_Poll_Puts_Jimmy,_Ron_In_Dead_Heat-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-This_Poll_Puts_Jimmy,_Ron_In_Dead_Heat_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/803642769">"This Poll Puts Jimmy, Ron In Dead Heat"</a>. <i>The Olympian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527230859/https://www.newspapers.com/image/803642769">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Olympian&rft.atitle=This+Poll+Puts+Jimmy%2C+Ron+In+Dead+Heat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F803642769&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan,_Carter_In_Tight_Fight-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan,_Carter_In_Tight_Fight_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/124902873">"Reagan, Carter In Tight Fight"</a>. <i>Florida Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528190454/https://www.newspapers.com/image/124902873">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Today&rft.atitle=Reagan%2C+Carter+In+Tight+Fight&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F124902873&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Polls_Say_Its_Going_Down_To_The_Wire-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Polls_Say_Its_Going_Down_To_The_Wire_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Polls_Say_Its_Going_Down_To_The_Wire_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/628971036">"Polls Say Its Going Down To The Wire"</a>. <i>The Miami Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527230900/https://www.newspapers.com/image/628971036">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Polls+Say+Its+Going+Down+To+The+Wire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F628971036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_Leading_In_Final_Poll-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_Leading_In_Final_Poll_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/73899964">"Reagan Leading In Final Poll"</a>. <i>The Pantagraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240921111242/https://www.newspapers.com/image/73899964">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Pantagraph&rft.atitle=Reagan+Leading+In+Final+Poll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F73899964&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julio Borquez, "Partisan Appraisals of Party Defectors: Looking Back at the Reagan Democrats." <i>American Review of Politics</i> 26 (2005): 323-346 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.shareok.org/arp/article/view/368/345">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240921111231/https://journals.shareok.org/arp/article/view/368/345">Archived</a> September 21, 2024, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-strategy_campaigning-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy_campaigning_83-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkinnerKudeliaMesquitaRice2007" class="citation book cs1">Skinner; Kudelia; Mesquita; Rice (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F0dCiDh4fMsC"><i>The Strategy of Campaigning</i></a>. University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-11627-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-11627-0"><bdi>978-0-472-11627-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240921111129/https://books.google.com/books?id=F0dCiDh4fMsC">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Strategy+of+Campaigning&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-472-11627-0&rft.au=Skinner&rft.au=Kudelia&rft.au=Mesquita&rft.au=Rice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF0dCiDh4fMsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-'70s_161-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-'70s_161_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrum2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">Frum, David</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/161"><i>How We Got Here: The '70s</i></a>. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/161">161</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7"><bdi>0-465-04195-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+We+Got+Here%3A+The+%2770s&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=161&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-465-04195-7&rft.aulast=Frum&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowwegothere70sd00frum%2Fpage%2F161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wayne, Stephen J. (1984). <i>The Road to the White House</i> (2nd ed.), p. 210. New York: St. Martin's Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-68526-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-68526-2">0-312-68526-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-worldscollide-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-worldscollide_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110517015119/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-19592304.html">"When worlds collide: politics, religion, and media at the 1970 East Tennessee Billy Graham Crusade. (appearance by President Richard M. Nixon)"</a>. Journal of Church and State. March 22, 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-19592304.html">the original</a> on May 17, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=When+worlds+collide%3A+politics%2C+religion%2C+and+media+at+the+1970+East+Tennessee+Billy+Graham+Crusade.+%28appearance+by+President+Richard+M.+Nixon%29&rft.date=1997-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-19592304.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarter2010" class="citation book cs1">Carter, Jimmy (2010). <i>White House Diary</i>. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 469.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=White+House+Diary&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=469&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Jimmy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-'70s_283-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_283_88-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_283_88-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrum2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">Frum, David</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/283"><i>How We Got Here: The '70s</i></a>. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/283">283</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7"><bdi>0-465-04195-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+We+Got+Here%3A+The+%2770s&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=283&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-465-04195-7&rft.aulast=Frum&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowwegothere70sd00frum%2Fpage%2F283&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-'70s_344-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_344_89-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_344_89-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_344_89-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_344_89-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_344_89-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrum2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">Frum, David</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/344"><i>How We Got Here: The '70s</i></a>. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/344">344</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7"><bdi>0-465-04195-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+We+Got+Here%3A+The+%2770s&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=344&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-465-04195-7&rft.aulast=Frum&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowwegothere70sd00frum%2Fpage%2F344&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tax_history-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tax_history_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThorndike2005" class="citation web cs1">Thorndike, Joseph J. (November 10, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taxhistory.org/thp/readings.nsf/cf7c9c870b600b9585256df80075b9dd/edf8de04e58e4b14852570ba0048848b">"Historical Perspective: The Windfall Profit Tax -- Career of a Concept"</a>. <i>TaxHistory.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051126011759/http://www.taxhistory.org/thp/readings.nsf/cf7c9c870b600b9585256df80075b9dd/edf8de04e58e4b14852570ba0048848b">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TaxHistory.org&rft.atitle=Historical+Perspective%3A+The+Windfall+Profit+Tax+--+Career+of+a+Concept&rft.date=2005-11-10&rft.aulast=Thorndike&rft.aufirst=Joseph+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taxhistory.org%2Fthp%2Freadings.nsf%2Fcf7c9c870b600b9585256df80075b9dd%2Fedf8de04e58e4b14852570ba0048848b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120211074013/http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33305_20060309.pdf">"The Crude Oil Windfall Profit Tax of the 1980s: Implications for Current Energy Policy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33305_20060309.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on February 11, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Crude+Oil+Windfall+Profit+Tax+of+the+1980s%3A+Implications+for+Current+Energy+Policy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fassets.opencrs.com%2Frpts%2FRL33305_20060309.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span>, CRS Report RL33305, "The Crude Oil Windfall Profit Tax of the 1980s: Implications for Current Energy Policy," by Salvatore Lazzari, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelich2005" class="citation web cs1">Melich, Tanya (July 18, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090817044630/http://www.womensenews.org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/2379/context/archive">"O'Connor's Tenure Began One Hot Summer"</a>. Women's eNews. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.womensenews.org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/2379/context/archive">the original</a> on August 17, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=O%27Connor%27s+Tenure+Began+One+Hot+Summer&rft.pub=Women%27s+eNews&rft.date=2005-07-18&rft.aulast=Melich&rft.aufirst=Tanya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.womensenews.org%2Farticle.cfm%2Fdyn%2Faid%2F2379%2Fcontext%2Farchive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-presidential_leadership-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-presidential_leadership_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_TarantoLeonard_Leo2004" class="citation book cs1">James Taranto; Leonard Leo (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/presidentiallead00tara"><i>Presidential Leadership</i></a></span>. Wall Street Journal Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-7226-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-7226-1"><bdi>978-0-7432-7226-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Presidential+Leadership&rft.pub=Wall+Street+Journal+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7432-7226-1&rft.au=James+Taranto&rft.au=Leonard+Leo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpresidentiallead00tara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kornacki, Steve (February 3, 2011) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2011/02/03/reagan_southern_strategy/index.html">The "Southern Strategy," fulfilled</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110413151441/http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2011/02/03/reagan_southern_strategy/index.html">Archived</a> April 13, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Salon.com</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKneeland1980" class="citation news cs1">Kneeland, Douglas E. (August 4, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1980/08/04/archives/reagan-campaigns-at-mississippi-fair-nominee-tells-crowd-of-10000.html">"Reagan Campaigns at Mississippi Fair; Nominee Tells Crowd of 10,000 He Is Backing States' Rights"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. p. A11. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180709065418/https://www.nytimes.com/1980/08/04/archives/reagan-campaigns-at-mississippi-fair-nominee-tells-crowd-of-10000.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 9, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Reagan+Campaigns+at+Mississippi+Fair%3B+Nominee+Tells+Crowd+of+10%2C000+He+Is+Backing+States%27+Rights&rft.pages=A11&rft.date=1980-08-04&rft.aulast=Kneeland&rft.aufirst=Douglas+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1980%2F08%2F04%2Farchives%2Freagan-campaigns-at-mississippi-fair-nominee-tells-crowd-of-10000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpHZdreWz3E"><span class="plainlinks">'The Made-for-TV Election with Martin Sheen' clip 14</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>White House Diary</i>, by Jimmy Carter, pp 461–462.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbs_news-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cbs_news_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBridges2003" class="citation news cs1">Bridges, Andrew (March 17, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031003195921/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/03/17/tech/main544188.shtml">"Here We Go Again!"</a>. CBS News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/03/17/tech/main544188.shtml">the original</a> on October 3, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Here+We+Go+Again%21&rft.date=2003-03-17&rft.aulast=Bridges&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fstories%2F2003%2F03%2F17%2Ftech%2Fmain544188.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.debates.org/index.php?page=1980-debates">"CPD: 1980 Debates"</a>. <i>www.debates.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190108145500/https://www.debates.org/index.php?page=1980-debates">Archived</a> from the original on January 8, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.debates.org&rft.atitle=CPD%3A+1980+Debates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.debates.org%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3D1980-debates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagan_on_Carter_in_Baltimore_478-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagan_on_Carter_in_Baltimore_478_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShirley2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Shirley" title="Craig Shirley">Shirley, Craig</a> (2009). <i>Rendezvous with Destiny: Ronald Reagan and the Campaign That Changed America</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Conversationswithbillkristol.org&rft.atitle=Fred+Barnes+on+Conversations+with+Bill+Kristol&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconversationswithbillkristol.org%2Fvideo%2Ffred-barnes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pbs_debate-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pbs_debate_103-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080922233925/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/debatingourdestiny/80debates/cart1.html">"The Second 1980 Presidential Debate"</a>. PBS. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Second+1980+Presidential+Debate&rft.pub=PBS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fnewshour%2Fdebatingourdestiny%2F80debates%2Fcart1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/1980-ronald-reagan-and-jimmy-carter-presidential-debate">"1980 Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter Presidential Debate"</a>. <i>Ronald Reagan</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230722040804/https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/1980-ronald-reagan-and-jimmy-carter-presidential-debate">Archived</a> from the original on July 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ronald+Reagan&rft.atitle=1980+Ronald+Reagan+and+Jimmy+Carter+Presidential+Debate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reaganlibrary.gov%2Farchives%2Fspeech%2F1980-ronald-reagan-and-jimmy-carter-presidential-debate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaad2008" class="citation web cs1">Saad, Lydia (October 27, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gallup.com/poll/111451/late-upsets-rare-happened.aspx">"Late Upsets Are Rare, but Have Happened"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160826040529/http://www.gallup.com/poll/111451/late-upsets-rare-happened.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Late+Upsets+Are+Rare%2C+but+Have+Happened&rft.date=2008-10-27&rft.aulast=Saad&rft.aufirst=Lydia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gallup.com%2Fpoll%2F111451%2Flate-upsets-rare-happened.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacNeil-Lehrer-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacNeil-Lehrer_106-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacNeil-Lehrer_106-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">MacNeil-Lehrer NewsHour (December 12, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/remember/july-dec05/mccarthy_12-12.html">Online NewsHour: "Remembering Sen. Eugene McCarthy"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060218074245/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/remember/july-dec05/mccarthy_12-12.html">Archived</a> February 18, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. December 12, 2005. <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_Lacombe2019" class="citation news cs1">Matthew Lacombe (April 26, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/04/26/how-nra-became-core-member-republican-coalition/">"Trump is at the NRA today. It didn't used to be a Republican ally"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190426125637/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/04/26/how-nra-became-core-member-republican-coalition/">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Trump+is+at+the+NRA+today.+It+didn%27t+used+to+be+a+Republican+ally.&rft.date=2019-04-26&rft.au=Matthew+Lacombe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2F04%2F26%2Fhow-nra-became-core-member-republican-coalition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Facts on File 1980 Yearbook, p.844</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeissner1980" class="citation news cs1">Meissner, Steve (July 19, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/163783305/?terms=%22Stewart%20Udall%22%20John%20Anderson%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">"Stewart Udall calls Carter weak, endorses Anderson"</a>. <i>Arizona Daily Star</i>. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615223513/https://www.newspapers.com/image/163783305/?terms=%22Stewart%20Udall%22%20John%20Anderson%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arizona+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Stewart+Udall+calls+Carter+weak%2C+endorses+Anderson&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1980-07-19&rft.aulast=Meissner&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F163783305%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522Stewart%2520Udall%2522%2520John%2520Anderson%2520endorse%2520endorses%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/544925654/?terms=%22John%20J.%20Buckley%22%20John%20B.%20Anderson%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">"Some Bay State GOP uneasy over G. Bush"</a>. <i>North Adams Transcript</i>. July 18, 1980. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616154221/https://www.newspapers.com/image/544925654/?terms=%22John%20J.%20Buckley%22%20John%20B.%20Anderson%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+Adams+Transcript&rft.atitle=Some+Bay+State+GOP+uneasy+over+G.+Bush&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1980-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F544925654%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522John%2520J.%2520Buckley%2522%2520John%2520B.%2520Anderson%2520endorse%2520endorses%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1980" class="citation news cs1">Taylor, Benjamin (June 12, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/428232105/?terms=Francis%20W.%20Hatch%20John%20B.%20Anderson%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">"Hatch breaks ranks, backs Anderson"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616154223/https://www.newspapers.com/image/428232105/?terms=Francis%20W.%20Hatch%20John%20B.%20Anderson%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Leader"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 27, 1983. p. 40. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616154223/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/27/obituaries/josiah-spaulding-dies-at-60-massachusetts-gop-leader.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Josiah+Spaulding+Dies+at+60%3B+Massachusetts+G.O.P.+Leader&rft.pages=40&rft.date=1983-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1983%2F03%2F27%2Fobituaries%2Fjosiah-spaulding-dies-at-60-massachusetts-gop-leader.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-post-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_113-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1980/03/09/politics-and-hollywood/586384d1-c5ef-45d5-a794-6005cd2705bd/">"Politics and Hollywood"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. March 8, 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Politics+and+Hollywood&rft.date=1980-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1980%2F03%2F09%2Fpolitics-and-hollywood%2F586384d1-c5ef-45d5-a794-6005cd2705bd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/10/10/Independent-presidential-candidate-John-Anderson-will-receive-editorial-endorsement/4782339998400/">"Independent presidential candidate John Anderson will receive editorial endorsement"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a></i>. October 10, 1980<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=United+Press+International&rft.atitle=Independent+presidential+candidate+John+Anderson+will+receive+editorial+endorsement&rft.date=1980-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1980%2F10%2F10%2FIndependent-presidential-candidate-John-Anderson-will-receive-editorial-endorsement%2F4782339998400%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://burlingtonfreepress.newspapers.com/image/200067471/?terms=john%20b.%20anderson%20editorial%20board&match=1">"Anderson Offers Intelligent Solutions to Problems"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Burlington_Free_Press" title="The Burlington Free Press">The Burlington Free Press</a></i>. October 26, 1980. p. 10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817191531/https://burlingtonfreepress.newspapers.com/image/200067471/?terms=john%20b.%20anderson%20editorial%20board&match=1">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Burlington+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Anderson+Offers+Intelligent+Solutions+to+Problems&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1980-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fburlingtonfreepress.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F200067471%2F%3Fterms%3Djohn%2520b.%2520anderson%2520editorial%2520board%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eu.desmoinesregister.com/picture-gallery/news/politics/2015/06/03/25-photos-register-presidential-endorsements-1912-2012/28434019/">"25 photos: Register presidential endorsements (1912-2012)"</a>. <i>The Des Moines Register</i>. October 3, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240921111233/https://www.desmoinesregister.com/picture-gallery/news/politics/2015/06/03/25-photos-register-presidential-endorsements-1912-2012/28434019/">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Des+Moines+Register&rft.atitle=25+photos%3A+Register+presidential+endorsements+%281912-2012%29&rft.date=2016-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feu.desmoinesregister.com%2Fpicture-gallery%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2F06%2F03%2F25-photos-register-presidential-endorsements-1912-2012%2F28434019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://panewsarchive.psu.edu/lccn/sn85054904/1980-11-04/ed-1/seq-2/">"Election '80 Endorsements"</a>. <i>The Daily Collegian</i>. November 4, 1980. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220816170801/https://panewsarchive.psu.edu/lccn/sn85054904/1980-11-04/ed-1/seq-2/">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Collegian&rft.atitle=Election+%2780+Endorsements&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1980-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpanewsarchive.psu.edu%2Flccn%2Fsn85054904%2F1980-11-04%2Fed-1%2Fseq-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGemma2016" class="citation web cs1">Gemma, Peter B. (August 5, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://independentpoliticalreport.com/2016/08/an-interview-with-darcy-richardson-reform-party-presidential-candidate/">"An Interview with Darcy Richardson, Reform Party Presidential Candidate"</a>. <i>Independent Political Report</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625061421/http://independentpoliticalreport.com/2016/08/an-interview-with-darcy-richardson-reform-party-presidential-candidate/">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent+Political+Report&rft.atitle=An+Interview+with+Darcy+Richardson%2C+Reform+Party+Presidential+Candidate.&rft.date=2016-08-05&rft.aulast=Gemma&rft.aufirst=Peter+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findependentpoliticalreport.com%2F2016%2F08%2Fan-interview-with-darcy-richardson-reform-party-presidential-candidate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/12/us/socialist-vows-to-be-capitol-outsider.html">"Socialist Vows to Be Capitol Outsider"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. November 12, 1990. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615202836/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/12/us/socialist-vows-to-be-capitol-outsider.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Socialist+Vows+to+Be+Capitol+Outsider&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1990-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F11%2F12%2Fus%2Fsocialist-vows-to-be-capitol-outsider.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeConciniAugust2006" class="citation book cs1">DeConcini, Dennis; August, Jack L. Jr. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TPAAc-ossjAC&q=Senator+Dennis+DeConcini"><i>Senator Dennis DeConcini: From the Center of the Aisle</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arizona_Press" title="University of Arizona Press">University of Arizona Press</a>. p. 83. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816525690" title="Special:BookSources/9780816525690"><bdi>9780816525690</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230821002234/https://books.google.com/books?id=TPAAc-ossjAC&q=Senator+Dennis+DeConcini">Archived</a> from the original on August 21, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2023</span>. <q>I viewed his leadership and administration with no small amount of frustration and concern, and in 1980 I crossed party lines and voted for Ronald Reagan for president.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Senator+Dennis+DeConcini%3A+From+the+Center+of+the+Aisle&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780816525690&rft.aulast=DeConcini&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.au=August%2C+Jack+L.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTPAAc-ossjAC%26q%3DSenator%2BDennis%2BDeConcini&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrankel1980" class="citation news cs1">Frankel, Glenn (October 15, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/10/15/sen-harry-byrd-endorses-reagan/6bd21c82-3ef7-49c7-b4b1-411f88fe425c/">"Sen. Harry Byrd Endorses Reagan"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828154009/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/10/15/sen-harry-byrd-endorses-reagan/6bd21c82-3ef7-49c7-b4b1-411f88fe425c/">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Sen.+Harry+Byrd+Endorses+Reagan&rft.date=1980-10-15&rft.aulast=Frankel&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1980%2F10%2F15%2Fsen-harry-byrd-endorses-reagan%2F6bd21c82-3ef7-49c7-b4b1-411f88fe425c%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/09/24/why-carter-is-wooing-javits/65ddb1ee-9589-4639-8e9c-bacd5fca1973/">"Why Carter Is Wooing Javits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. September 24, 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Why+Carter+Is+Wooing+Javits&rft.date=1980-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1980%2F09%2F24%2Fwhy-carter-is-wooing-javits%2F65ddb1ee-9589-4639-8e9c-bacd5fca1973%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/09/15/mac-mathias-agonistes/91e76242-5361-4865-b865-341f1c27cbec/">"Mac Mathias Agonistes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. September 14, 1980. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828155646/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/09/15/mac-mathias-agonistes/91e76242-5361-4865-b865-341f1c27cbec/">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Mac+Mathias+Agonistes&rft.date=1980-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1980%2F09%2F15%2Fmac-mathias-agonistes%2F91e76242-5361-4865-b865-341f1c27cbec%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1980/10/26/archives/reagan-preparing-for-debate.html">"Reagan Preparing for Debate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. October 26, 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Reagan+Preparing+for+Debate&rft.date=1980-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1980%2F10%2F26%2Farchives%2Freagan-preparing-for-debate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/09/26/mccloskey-buries-the-hatchet-by-endorsing-reagan/65911bc2-4c8a-41d0-aa87-628ff78f72c0/">"McCloskey Buries the Hatchet by Endorsing Reagan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. September 26, 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=McCloskey+Buries+the+Hatchet+by+Endorsing+Reagan&rft.date=1980-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1980%2F09%2F26%2Fmccloskey-buries-the-hatchet-by-endorsing-reagan%2F65911bc2-4c8a-41d0-aa87-628ff78f72c0%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KBczAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WjIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=4659,7154351&dq=james-roosevelt+ronald-reagan&hl=en">"FDR son gives Reagan backing"</a>. <i>Lodi News-Sentinel</i>. UPI. October 27, 1980. p. 27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616161104/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KBczAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WjIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=4659,7154351&dq=james-roosevelt+ronald-reagan&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lodi+News-Sentinel&rft.atitle=FDR+son+gives+Reagan+backing&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1980-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DKBczAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DWjIHAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4659%2C7154351%26dq%3Djames-roosevelt%2Bronald-reagan%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel1980" class="citation news cs1">Daniel, Leon (October 24, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lJwcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2mcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6797,4141131&dq=lester+maddox+endorsement&hl=en">"Nobody Listens To Maddox Anymore, Who Relishes Chance To Rap Carter"</a>. <i>Sarasota Herald-Tribune</i>. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615194211/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lJwcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2mcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6797,4141131&dq=lester+maddox+endorsement&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sarasota+Herald-Tribune&rft.atitle=Nobody+Listens+To+Maddox+Anymore%2C+Who+Relishes+Chance+To+Rap+Carter&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1980-10-24&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=Leon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DlJwcAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D2mcEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6797%2C4141131%26dq%3Dlester%2Bmaddox%2Bendorsement%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/794766735/?terms=John%20Patterson%20endorse%20endorses%20Ronald%20Reagan&match=1">"GOP leaders, Demo ex-governor back Selden"</a>. <i>Birmingham Post-Herald</i>. August 29, 1980. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615194700/https://www.newspapers.com/image/794766735/?terms=John%20Patterson%20endorse%20endorses%20Ronald%20Reagan&match=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birmingham+Post-Herald&rft.atitle=GOP+leaders%2C+Demo+ex-governor+back+Selden&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1980-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F794766735%2F%3Fterms%3DJohn%2520Patterson%2520endorse%2520endorses%2520Ronald%2520Reagan%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/763277616/?terms=%22Preston%20Smith%22%20%22Ronald%20Reagan%22%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">"Last Minute Blitz"</a>. <i>Abilene Reporter-News</i>. October 28, 1980. p. 4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616154223/https://www.newspapers.com/image/763277616/?terms=%22Preston%20Smith%22%20%22Ronald%20Reagan%22%20endorse%20endorses&match=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abilene+Reporter-News&rft.atitle=Last+Minute+Blitz&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1980-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F763277616%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522Preston%2520Smith%2522%2520%2522Ronald%2520Reagan%2522%2520endorse%2520endorses%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/743423334/?terms=%22John%20Bell%20Williams%22%20endorse%20endorses%20Ronald%20Reagan&match=1">"Republicans turnout to hear Reagan"</a>. <i>Sun Herald</i>. November 3, 1980. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615195445/https://www.newspapers.com/image/743423334/?terms=%22John%20Bell%20Williams%22%20endorse%20endorses%20Ronald%20Reagan&match=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sun+Herald&rft.atitle=Republicans+turnout+to+hear+Reagan&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1980-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F743423334%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522John%2520Bell%2520Williams%2522%2520endorse%2520endorses%2520Ronald%2520Reagan%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorman2000" class="citation web cs1">Norman, Bob (October 26, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160121015339/http://www.browardpalmbeach.com/news/politically-incorrect-6324763">"Politically Incorrect"</a>. <i>New Times Broward-Palm Beach</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.browardpalmbeach.com/news/politically-incorrect-6324763">the original</a> on January 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Times+Broward-Palm+Beach&rft.atitle=Politically+Incorrect&rft.date=2000-10-26&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.browardpalmbeach.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitically-incorrect-6324763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1980/08/05/archives/bloom-agrees-to-head-democrats-for-reagan.html">"Bloom Agrees to Head Democrats for Reagan"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. August 5, 1980. p. 16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615224715/https://www.nytimes.com/1980/08/05/archives/bloom-agrees-to-head-democrats-for-reagan.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bloom+Agrees+to+Head+Democrats+for+Reagan&rft.pages=16&rft.date=1980-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1980%2F08%2F05%2Farchives%2Fbloom-agrees-to-head-democrats-for-reagan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2009" class="citation magazine cs1">Davis, Seth (August 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090827193402/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/writers/seth_davis/08/24/john.wooden/index.html">"Checking in on John Wooden"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/writers/seth_davis/08/24/john.wooden/index.html">the original</a> on August 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Checking+in+on+John+Wooden&rft.date=2009-08-24&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2F2009%2Fwriters%2Fseth_davis%2F08%2F24%2Fjohn.wooden%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoodman1980" class="citation news cs1">Boodman, Sandra G. (October 13, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1980/10/13/zumwalt-dismays-va-democrats-with-z-grams-for-reagan/942df155-a9bb-4e31-91dc-05e3ff881f76/">"Zumwalt Dismays Va. Democrats With Z-Grams for Reagan"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828155428/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1980/10/13/zumwalt-dismays-va-democrats-with-z-grams-for-reagan/942df155-a9bb-4e31-91dc-05e3ff881f76/">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Zumwalt+Dismays+Va.+Democrats+With+Z-Grams+for+Reagan&rft.date=1980-10-13&rft.aulast=Boodman&rft.aufirst=Sandra+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flocal%2F1980%2F10%2F13%2Fzumwalt-dismays-va-democrats-with-z-grams-for-reagan%2F942df155-a9bb-4e31-91dc-05e3ff881f76%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eu.azcentral.com/story/opinion/editorial/2016/09/26/presidential-endorsement-preview/90904896/">"Coming Tuesday: Who will The Arizona Republic endorse?"</a>. <i>The Arizona Republic</i>. September 27, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817015459/https://eu.azcentral.com/story/opinion/editorial/2016/09/26/presidential-endorsement-preview/90904896/">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Arizona+Republic&rft.atitle=Coming+Tuesday%3A+Who+will+The+Arizona+Republic+endorse%3F&rft.date=2016-09-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feu.azcentral.com%2Fstory%2Fopinion%2Feditorial%2F2016%2F09%2F26%2Fpresidential-endorsement-preview%2F90904896%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eu.desertsun.com/picture-gallery/news/2016/09/29/through-the-years-desert-sun-presidential-endorsements/91300646/">"Through the years: Desert Sun presidential endorsements"</a>. <i>Desert Sun</i>. September 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Desert+Sun&rft.atitle=Through+the+years%3A+Desert+Sun+presidential+endorsements&rft.date=2016-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feu.desertsun.com%2Fpicture-gallery%2Fnews%2F2016%2F09%2F29%2Fthrough-the-years-desert-sun-presidential-endorsements%2F91300646%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWorld-Herald_editorial2019" class="citation news cs1">World-Herald editorial (October 16, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omaha.com/opinion/editorial-hillary-clinton-is-prudent-pick-for-president/article_94a58d80-9341-11e6-a7e8-cf8bfd4f296a.html">"Editorial: Hillary Clinton is prudent pick for president"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Omaha_World-Herald" title="Omaha World-Herald">Omaha World-Herald</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220429035513/https://omaha.com/opinion/editorial-hillary-clinton-is-prudent-pick-for-president/article_94a58d80-9341-11e6-a7e8-cf8bfd4f296a.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Omaha+World-Herald&rft.atitle=Editorial%3A+Hillary+Clinton+is+prudent+pick+for+president&rft.date=2019-10-16&rft.au=World-Herald+editorial&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fomaha.com%2Fopinion%2Feditorial-hillary-clinton-is-prudent-pick-for-president%2Farticle_94a58d80-9341-11e6-a7e8-cf8bfd4f296a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qctimes.com/news/opinion/editorial/a-history-of-times-presidential-endorsements/article_e0a998f0-e69d-5681-bd30-51dce8d44bc6.html">"A history of Times presidential endorsements"</a>. <i>Quad-City Times</i>. October 25, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220615201141/https://qctimes.com/news/opinion/editorial/a-history-of-times-presidential-endorsements/article_e0a998f0-e69d-5681-bd30-51dce8d44bc6.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Quad-City+Times&rft.atitle=A+history+of+Times+presidential+endorsements&rft.date=2008-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqctimes.com%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Feditorial%2Fa-history-of-times-presidential-endorsements%2Farticle_e0a998f0-e69d-5681-bd30-51dce8d44bc6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.recordnet.com/opinion/20161008/record-endorsements-president-clinton-best-for-country">"Record Endorsements, President: Clinton best for country"</a>. <i>Recordnet</i>. October 8, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210730192617/https://www.recordnet.com/opinion/20161008/record-endorsements-president-clinton-best-for-country">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Recordnet&rft.atitle=Record+Endorsements%2C+President%3A+Clinton+best+for+country&rft.date=2016-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.recordnet.com%2Fopinion%2F20161008%2Frecord-endorsements-president-clinton-best-for-country&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2016" class="citation web cs1">Brown, Gary (October 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eu.cantonrep.com/story/news/politics/elections/presidential/2016/10/11/repository-presidential-endorsements-through-history/24839102007/">"Repository presidential endorsements through history"</a>. <i>The Repository</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Repository&rft.atitle=Repository+presidential+endorsements+through+history&rft.date=2016-10-11&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feu.cantonrep.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Felections%2Fpresidential%2F2016%2F10%2F11%2Frepository-presidential-endorsements-through-history%2F24839102007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland.com/opinion/2012/10/plain_dealer_presidential_endo.html">"Plain Dealer presidential endorsements: Every pick we made since 1936"</a>. <i>Plain Dealer</i>. October 20, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210525083938/https://www.cleveland.com/opinion/2012/10/plain_dealer_presidential_endo.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plain+Dealer&rft.atitle=Plain+Dealer+presidential+endorsements%3A+Every+pick+we+made+since+1936&rft.date=2012-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fopinion%2F2012%2F10%2Fplain_dealer_presidential_endo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/11/03/Ronald-Reagan-got-most-of-the-new-newspaper-endorsements/6748342075600/">"Ronald Reagan got most of the new newspaper endorsements,..."</a> <i>UPI</i>. November 3, 1980. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161012102135/http://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/11/03/Ronald-Reagan-got-most-of-the-new-newspaper-endorsements/6748342075600/">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UPI&rft.atitle=Ronald+Reagan+got+most+of+the+new+newspaper+endorsements%2C...&rft.date=1980-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1980%2F11%2F03%2FRonald-Reagan-got-most-of-the-new-newspaper-endorsements%2F6748342075600%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunhamPM2008" class="citation web cs1">Dunham, Richard; PM (October 19, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.chron.com/txpotomac/2008/10/a-half-century-of-chronicle-endorsements-11-r-2-d/">"A half-century of Chronicle endorsements: 11 R, 2 D"</a>. <i>Texas on the Potomac</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210608114603/https://blog.chron.com/txpotomac/2008/10/a-half-century-of-chronicle-endorsements-11-r-2-d/">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+on+the+Potomac&rft.atitle=A+half-century+of+Chronicle+endorsements%3A+11+R%2C+2+D&rft.date=2008-10-19&rft.aulast=Dunham&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=PM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.chron.com%2Ftxpotomac%2F2008%2F10%2Fa-half-century-of-chronicle-endorsements-11-r-2-d%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://richmond.com/opinion/our-opinion/article_e8b7da3b-9981-5ca1-9b63-d4ee072c1dc2.html">"A brief history of Richmond Times-Dispatch presidential endorsements"</a>. <i>Richmond Times-Dispatch</i>. September 1, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210527080225/https://richmond.com/opinion/our-opinion/article_e8b7da3b-9981-5ca1-9b63-d4ee072c1dc2.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Richmond+Times-Dispatch&rft.atitle=A+brief+history+of+Richmond+Times-Dispatch+presidential+endorsements&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frichmond.com%2Fopinion%2Four-opinion%2Farticle_e8b7da3b-9981-5ca1-9b63-d4ee072c1dc2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=feST4K8J0scC&dat=19801104&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Voters the choice is yours"</a>. <i>St. Petersburg Times</i>. November 4, 1980. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150920171304/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=feST4K8J0scC&dat=19801104&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=St.+Petersburg+Times&rft.atitle=Voters+the+choice+is+yours&rft.date=1980-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DfeST4K8J0scC%26dat%3D19801104%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=gL9scSG3K_gC&dat=19801105&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Reagan in a landslide"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>. November 5, 1980. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150920151642/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=gL9scSG3K_gC&dat=19801105&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Reagan+in+a+landslide&rft.date=1980-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DgL9scSG3K_gC%26dat%3D19801105%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Facts on File Yearbook 1980 p. 865</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Facts on File Yearbook 1980 p. 838</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarris2012" class="citation book cs1">Farris, Scott (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/almostpresidentm0000farr"><i>Almost president : the men who lost the race but changed the nation</i></a>. Internet Archive. Guilford, CN: Lyons Press. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7627-6378-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7627-6378-8"><bdi>978-0-7627-6378-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Almost+president+%3A+the+men+who+lost+the+race+but+changed+the+nation&rft.place=Guilford%2C+CN&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Lyons+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-7627-6378-8&rft.aulast=Farris&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Falmostpresidentm0000farr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_150-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_150-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2007" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, John B. (September 28, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0928/p09s02-coop.html">"Let the most popular candidate win"</a>. <i>Christian Science Monitor</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729">0882-7729</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170902053638/https://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0928/p09s02-coop.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Let+the+most+popular+candidate+win&rft.date=2007-09-28&rft.issn=0882-7729&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=John+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F2007%2F0928%2Fp09s02-coop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto1_151-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKornacki2011" class="citation web cs1">Kornacki, Steve (April 4, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2011/04/04/third_party_myth_easterbrook/">"The myths that just won't die"</a>. <i>Salon</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170801123934/http://www.salon.com/2011/04/04/third_party_myth_easterbrook/">Archived</a> from the original on August 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salon&rft.atitle=The+myths+that+just+won%27t+die&rft.date=2011-04-04&rft.aulast=Kornacki&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2011%2F04%2F04%2Fthird_party_myth_easterbrook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thelistwire.usatoday.com/lists/the-10-biggest-landslides-in-presidential-election-history/">"The 10 biggest landslides in presidential election history"</a>. <i>List Wire</i>. September 30, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120165619/https://thelistwire.usatoday.com/lists/the-10-biggest-landslides-in-presidential-election-history/">Archived</a> from the original on January 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=List+Wire&rft.atitle=The+10+biggest+landslides+in+presidential+election+history&rft.date=2020-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthelistwire.usatoday.com%2Flists%2Fthe-10-biggest-landslides-in-presidential-election-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, Robert David; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americamagazine.org/content/unconventional-wisdom/how-red-and-blue-map-evolved-over-past-century">'How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161116163625/http://www.americamagazine.org/content/unconventional-wisdom/how-red-and-blue-map-evolved-over-past-century">Archived</a> November 16, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; <i>America Magazine</i> in <i>The National Catholic Review</i>; June 29, 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrauer1986" class="citation book cs1">Brauer, Carl M. (1986). <i>Presidential Transitions: Eisenhower Through Reagan</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195040511" title="Special:BookSources/0195040511"><bdi>0195040511</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Presidential+Transitions%3A+Eisenhower+Through+Reagan&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0195040511&rft.aulast=Brauer&rft.aufirst=Carl+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter" class="citation web cs1">Peter, Josh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2020/11/05/oldest-president-joe-biden/6181672002/">"Joe Biden will become the oldest president in American history, a title previously held by Ronald Reagan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201107182039/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2020/11/05/oldest-president-joe-biden/6181672002/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Joe+Biden+will+become+the+oldest+president+in+American+history%2C+a+title+previously+held+by+Ronald+Reagan&rft.aulast=Peter&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2020%2F11%2F05%2Foldest-president-joe-biden%2F6181672002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/18/us/politics/joe-biden-age-oldest-presidents.html">"Biden Is the Oldest President to Take the Oath (Published 2021)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. January 18, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/18/us/politics/joe-biden-age-oldest-presidents.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Biden+Is+the+Oldest+President+to+Take+the+Oath+%28Published+2021%29&rft.date=2021-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F01%2F18%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fjoe-biden-age-oldest-presidents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_157-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_157-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1980&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1980 Presidential General Election Data - National"</a>. <i>Uselectionatlas.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201029153844/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1980&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Uselectionatlas.org&rft.atitle=1980+Presidential+General+Election+Data+-+National&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fdata.php%3Fyear%3D1980%26datatype%3Dnational%26def%3D1%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MaineDistrict-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MaineDistrict_158-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaroneUjifusa1981" class="citation book cs1">Barone, Michael; Ujifusa, Grant (1981). <i>The Almanac of American Politics, 1982</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Almanac+of+American+Politics%2C+1982&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Ujifusa%2C+Grant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ropercenter.cornell.edu/how-groups-voted-1980">"How Groups Voted in 1980"</a>. <i>ropercenter.cornell.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625160507/https://ropercenter.cornell.edu/how-groups-voted-1980">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ropercenter.cornell.edu&rft.atitle=How+Groups+Voted+in+1980&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fropercenter.cornell.edu%2Fhow-groups-voted-1980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBusch2005" class="citation book cs1">Busch, Andrew E. (2005). <i>Reagan's Victory: The Presidential Election of 1980 and the Rise of the Right</i>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7006-1407-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7006-1407-9"><bdi>0-7006-1407-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reagan%27s+Victory%3A+The+Presidential+Election+of+1980+and+the+Rise+of+the+Right&rft.place=Lawrence&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-7006-1407-9&rft.aulast=Busch&rft.aufirst=Andrew+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070409014740/http://www.claremont.org/publications/crb/id.1103/article_detail.asp">online review by Michael Barone</a></li> <li>Davies, Gareth, and <a href="/wiki/Julian_E._Zelizer" title="Julian E. Zelizer">Julian E. Zelizer</a>, eds. <i>America at the Ballot Box: Elections and Political History</i> (2015) pp. 196–218.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhrman2005" class="citation book cs1">Ehrman, John (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eightiesamericai00ehrm"><i>The Eighties: American in the Age of Reagan</i></a>. New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-10662-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-10662-9"><bdi>0-300-10662-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eighties%3A+American+in+the+Age+of+Reagan&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-300-10662-9&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feightiesamericai00ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFergusonRogers1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ferguson_(academic)" title="Thomas Ferguson (academic)">Ferguson, Thomas</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joel_Rogers" title="Joel Rogers">Rogers, Joel</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rightturndecline00ferg_0"><i>Right Turn: The Decline of the Democrats and the Future of American Politics</i></a>. New York: Hill and Wang. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8090-8191-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8090-8191-1"><bdi>0-8090-8191-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Right+Turn%3A+The+Decline+of+the+Democrats+and+the+Future+of+American+Politics&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Hill+and+Wang&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-8090-8191-1&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frightturndecline00ferg_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGermondWitcover1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Germond" title="Jack Germond">Germond, Jack W.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jules_Witcover" title="Jules Witcover">Witcover, Jules</a> (1981). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bluesmokemirrors00germ"><i>Blue Smoke & Mirrors: How Reagan Won & Why Carter Lost the Election of 1980</i></a></span>. New York: Viking. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-51383-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-670-51383-0"><bdi>0-670-51383-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blue+Smoke+%26+Mirrors%3A+How+Reagan+Won+%26+Why+Carter+Lost+the+Election+of+1980&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-670-51383-0&rft.aulast=Germond&rft.aufirst=Jack+W.&rft.au=Witcover%2C+Jules&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbluesmokemirrors00germ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hogue, Andrew P. <i>Stumping God: Reagan, Carter, and the Invention of a Political Faith</i> (Baylor University Press; 2012) 343 pages; A study of religious rhetoric in the campaign</li> <li>Johnstone, Andrew, and Andrew Priest, eds. <i>US Presidential Elections and Foreign Policy: Candidates, Campaigns, and Global Politics from FDR to Bill Clinton</i> (2017) pp 250–270. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/book/50578/">online</a></li> <li>Mason, Jim (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120825102042/http://www.mit.edu/~mi22295/elections.html#1980"><i>No Holding Back: The 1980 John B. Anderson Presidential Campaign</i></a>. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0761852263" title="Special:BookSources/0761852263">0761852263</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPomperBakerFrankovicJacob1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_M._Pomper" title="Gerald M. Pomper">Pomper, Gerald M.</a>; Baker, Ross K.; Frankovic, Kathleen A.; Jacob, Charles E.; McWilliams, Wilson Carey; Plotkin, Henry A. (1981). Pomper, Marlene M. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/electionof1980re0000unse"><i>The Election of 1980: Reports and Interpretations</i></a>. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-934540-10-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-934540-10-1"><bdi>0-934540-10-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Election+of+1980%3A+Reports+and+Interpretations&rft.place=Chatham%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Chatham+House&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-934540-10-1&rft.aulast=Pomper&rft.aufirst=Gerald+M.&rft.au=Baker%2C+Ross+K.&rft.au=Frankovic%2C+Kathleen+A.&rft.au=Jacob%2C+Charles+E.&rft.au=McWilliams%2C+Wilson+Carey&rft.au=Plotkin%2C+Henry+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Felectionof1980re0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShirley2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Shirley" title="Craig Shirley">Shirley, Craig</a> (2009). <i>Rendezvous with Destiny: Ronald Reagan and the Campaign That Changed America</i>. Wilmington, Del.: Intercollegiate Studies Institute. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933859-55-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933859-55-2"><bdi>978-1-933859-55-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rendezvous+with+Destiny%3A+Ronald+Reagan+and+the+Campaign+That+Changed+America&rft.place=Wilmington%2C+Del.&rft.pub=Intercollegiate+Studies+Institute&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-933859-55-2&rft.aulast=Shirley&rft.aufirst=Craig&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120825102042/http://www.mit.edu/~mi22295/elections.html#1980">online review by Lou Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Stanley" title="Tim Stanley">Stanley, Timothy</a>. <i>Kennedy vs. Carter: The 1980 Battle for the Democratic Party's Soul</i> (University Press of Kansas, 2010) 298 pages. A revisionist history of the 1970s and their political aftermath that argues that Ted Kennedy's 1980 campaign was more popular than has been acknowledged; describes his defeat by Jimmy Carter in terms of a "historical accident" rather than perceived radicalism.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTroy2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gil_Troy" title="Gil Troy">Troy, Gil</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/morninginamerica00troy"><i>Morning in America: How Ronald Reagan Invented the 1980s</i></a>. Princeton: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-12166-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-12166-4"><bdi>0-691-12166-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Morning+in+America%3A+How+Ronald+Reagan+Invented+the+1980s&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-691-12166-4&rft.aulast=Troy&rft.aufirst=Gil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmorninginamerica00troy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard2019" class="citation book cs1">Ward, Jon (2019). <i>Camelot's End: Kennedy vs. Carter and the Fight that Broke the Democratic Party</i>. New York; Boston: Twelve. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781455591381" title="Special:BookSources/9781455591381"><bdi>9781455591381</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1085989134">1085989134</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Camelot%27s+End%3A+Kennedy+vs.+Carter+and+the+Fight+that+Broke+the+Democratic+Party&rft.place=New+York%3B+Boston&rft.pub=Twelve&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1085989134&rft.isbn=9781455591381&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Jon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest1984" class="citation book cs1">West, Darrell M. (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/makingcampaignsc00west"><i>Making Campaigns Count: Leadership and Coalition-Building in 1980</i></a>. Westport, Ct.: Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-24235-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-24235-6"><bdi>0-313-24235-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+Campaigns+Count%3A+Leadership+and+Coalition-Building+in+1980&rft.place=Westport%2C+Ct.&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-313-24235-6&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Darrell+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmakingcampaignsc00west&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journal_articles">Journal articles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Journal articles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHimmelsteinJ._A._McRae_Jr.1984" class="citation journal cs1">Himmelstein, Jerome; J. A. McRae Jr. (1984). "Social Conservatism, New Republicans and the 1980 Election". <i>Public Opinion Quarterly</i>. <b>48</b> (3): 595–605. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F268860">10.1086/268860</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Opinion+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Social+Conservatism%2C+New+Republicans+and+the+1980+Election&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=595-605&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F268860&rft.aulast=Himmelstein&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft.au=J.+A.+McRae+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipsetRaab1981" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Martin_Lipset" title="Seymour Martin Lipset">Lipset, Seymour M.</a>; Raab, Earl (1981). "Evangelicals and the Elections". <i>Commentary</i>. <b>71</b>: 25–31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commentary&rft.atitle=Evangelicals+and+the+Elections&rft.volume=71&rft.pages=25-31&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Lipset&rft.aufirst=Seymour+M.&rft.au=Raab%2C+Earl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillerWattenberg1984" class="citation journal cs1">Miller, Arthur H.; <a href="/wiki/Martin_Wattenberg_(political_scientist)" title="Martin Wattenberg (political scientist)">Wattenberg, Martin P.</a> (1984). "Politics from the Pulpit: Religiosity and the 1980 Elections". <i>Public Opinion Quarterly</i>. <b>48</b>: 300–12. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpoq%2F48.1b.301">10.1093/poq/48.1b.301</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144534190">144534190</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Opinion+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Politics+from+the+Pulpit%3A+Religiosity+and+the+1980+Elections&rft.volume=48&rft.pages=300-12&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fpoq%2F48.1b.301&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144534190%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Arthur+H.&rft.au=Wattenberg%2C+Martin+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspaper_articles">Newspaper articles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Newspaper articles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnickerbocker1981" class="citation news cs1">Knickerbocker, Brad (October 21, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csmonitor.com/1981/1021/102132.html">"Did TV change Election '80?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitor" title="The Christian Science Monitor">The Christian Science Monitor</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Did+TV+change+Election+%2780%3F&rft.date=1981-10-21&rft.aulast=Knickerbocker&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F1981%2F1021%2F102132.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120825102042/http://www.mit.edu/~mi22295/elections.html#1980">The Election Wall's 1980 Election Video Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geoelections.free.fr/USA/elec_comtes/1980.htm">1980 popular vote by counties</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070516080353/http://presidentelect.org/e1980.html">1980 popular vote by states</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120825102042/http://www.mit.edu/~mi22295/elections.html#1980">1980 popular vote by states (with bar graphs)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1980">Campaign commercials from the 1980 election</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120825102042/http://www.mit.edu/~mi22295/elections.html#1980">How close was the 1980 election?</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived August 25, 2012)—Michael Sheppard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101026115349/http://cccp.tv/video/Mezhdunarodnaja_panorama_u_finis/">Portrayal of 1980 presidential elections in the U.S. by the Soviet television</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countingthevotes.com/1980/">Election of 1980 in Counting the Votes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160311083117/http://www.countingthevotes.com/1980">Archived</a> March 11, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1976)_1980_United_States_presidential_election_(1984_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1980 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1980 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1980 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1976)_1980_United_States_presidential_election_(1984_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">← 1976</a>) <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries#Results" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">results</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Political positions of Ronald Reagan">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John B. Anderson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Howard Baker</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1980_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1980 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">John Connally</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Phil_Crane" title="Phil Crane">Phil Crane</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ben_Fernandez" title="Ben Fernandez">Ben Fernandez</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries#Results" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">results</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Incumbent nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Brown" title="Jerry Brown">Jerry Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dream_Shall_Never_Die" title="The Dream Shall Never Die">speech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Dellums" title="Ron Dellums">Ron Dellums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Candidate</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">John B. Anderson</a></b></dd> <dt>Running mate</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lucey" title="Patrick Lucey">Patrick Lucey</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_independent_and_third-party_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">third-party</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_third_party_and_independent_presidential_candidates,_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="United States third party and independent presidential candidates, 1980">candidates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Ed_Clark" title="Ed Clark">Ed Clark</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/David_Koch" title="David Koch">David Koch</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00FF90;"><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Party_(United_States)" title="Citizens Party (United States)">Citizens Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Barry_Commoner" title="Barry Commoner">Barry Commoner</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/LaDonna_Harris" title="LaDonna Harris">LaDonna Harris</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #D50000;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party (United States)">Communist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Gus_Hall" title="Gus Hall">Gus Hall</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Angela Davis</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00FF00;"><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Freedom_Party" title="Peace and Freedom Party">Peace and Freedom Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Smith" title="Maureen Smith">Maureen Smith</a></b></li> <li><b>VP Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Cervantes_Barron" title="Elizabeth Cervantes Barron">Elizabeth Cervantes Barron</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bubar_Jr." title="Benjamin Bubar Jr.">Ben Bubar</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Earl_Dodge" title="Earl Dodge">Earl Dodge</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/David_McReynolds" title="David McReynolds">David McReynolds</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Diane_Drufenbrock" title="Diane Drufenbrock">Diane Drufenbrock</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Pulley" title="Andrew Pulley">Andrew Pulley</a></b></dd> <dt>Alternate nominees</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Richard_Congress" title="Richard Congress">Richard Congress</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Clifton_DeBerry" title="Clifton DeBerry">Clifton DeBerry</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF33AA;"><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Workers World Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Deirdre_Griswold" title="Deirdre Griswold">Deirdre Griswold </a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Gavrielle_Holmes" title="Gavrielle Holmes">Gavrielle Holmes</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> and other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Lyndon LaRouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Spannaus" title="Warren Spannaus">Warren Spannaus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Other 1980 elections</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1980 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1980 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_and_district_results_of_the_1980_United_States_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:State_results_of_the_1980_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template:State results of the 1980 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:State_results_of_the_1980_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template talk:State results of the 1980 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:State_results_of_the_1980_U.S._presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:State results of the 1980 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_and_district_results_of_the_1980_United_States_presidential_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">State and district results of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980 United States presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1980 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alaska" title="1980 United States presidential election in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona" title="1980 United States presidential election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1980 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1980 United States presidential election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1980 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1980 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1980 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="1980 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1980 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1980 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii" title="1980 United States presidential election in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho" title="1980 United States presidential election in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1980 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1980 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1980 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1980 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1980 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1980 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1980 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1980 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1980 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1980 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1980 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1980 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="1980 United States presidential election in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1980 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1980 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1980 United States presidential election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1980 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1980 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1980 United States presidential election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1980 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1980 United States presidential election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1980 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1980 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1980 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1980 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1980 United States presidential election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1980 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1980 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="1980 United States presidential election in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1980 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1980 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state)" title="1980 United States presidential election in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1980 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1980 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming" title="1980 United States presidential election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left:1.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1980.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Electoral map, 1980 election"><img alt="Electoral map, 1980 election" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ElectoralCollege1980.svg/150px-ElectoralCollege1980.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ElectoralCollege1980.svg/225px-ElectoralCollege1980.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ElectoralCollege1980.svg/300px-ElectoralCollege1980.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="593" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(1979_←)_1980_United_States_elections_(→_1981)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1980_United_States_elections" title="Template:1980 United States elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1980_United_States_elections" title="Template talk:1980 United States elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1980_United_States_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1980 United States elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(1979_←)_1980_United_States_elections_(→_1981)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1979_United_States_elections" title="1979 United States elections">1979 ←</a>)   <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_elections" title="1980 United States elections">1980 United States elections</a>   (<a href="/wiki/Category:1981_elections_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1981 elections in the United States">→ 1981</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">President</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Democratic primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">Republican primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">Democratic convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">Republican convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1980 United States Senate elections">U.S.<br />Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama" title="1980 United States Senate election in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="1980 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arizona" title="1980 United States Senate election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arkansas" title="1980 United States Senate election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_California" title="1980 United States Senate election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Colorado" title="1980 United States Senate election in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Connecticut" title="1980 United States Senate election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="1980 United States Senate election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Georgia" title="1980 United States Senate election in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Hawaii" title="1980 United States Senate election in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Idaho" title="1980 United States Senate election in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Illinois" title="1980 United States Senate election in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1980 United States Senate election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Iowa" title="1980 United States Senate election in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kansas" title="1980 United States Senate election in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1980 United States Senate election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="1980 United States Senate election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="1980 United States Senate election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Missouri" title="1980 United States Senate election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nevada" title="1980 United States Senate election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1980 United States Senate election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1980 United States Senate election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1980 United States Senate election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1980 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Ohio" title="1980 United States Senate election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1980 United States Senate election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oregon" title="1980 United States Senate election in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1980 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1980 United States Senate election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1980 United States Senate election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="1980 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="1980 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Washington" title="1980 United States Senate election in Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1980 United States Senate election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections">U.S.<br />House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Alaska" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_California" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Connecticut" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Delaware" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Indiana" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Mississippi" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_Hampshire" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_Mexico" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_North_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Oklahoma" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_South_Carolina" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_South_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Texas" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Vermont" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1980 United States gubernatorial elections">Governors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Arkansas gubernatorial election">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Delaware_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Delaware gubernatorial election">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Indiana gubernatorial election">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Missouri gubernatorial election">Missouri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Missouri_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Missouri lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Montana_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Montana gubernatorial election">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 North Carolina gubernatorial election">North Carolina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_North_Carolina_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 North Carolina lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_North_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 North Dakota gubernatorial election">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Utah_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Utah gubernatorial election">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Washington_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Washington gubernatorial election">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 West Virginia gubernatorial election">West Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:1980_state_legislature_elections_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1980 state legislature elections in the United States">State<br />legislatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arizona <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Arizona_House_of_Representatives_election" title="1980 Arizona House of Representatives election">Arizona House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Arizona_Senate_election" title="1980 Arizona Senate election">Arizona Senate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Iowa_Senate_election" title="1980 Iowa Senate election">Iowa Senate</a></li> <li>Minnesota <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Minnesota_House_of_Representatives_election" title="1980 Minnesota House of Representatives election">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Minnesota_Senate_election" title="1980 Minnesota Senate election">Senate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_elections" title="1980 United States elections">Mayors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_Baton_Rouge_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980 Baton Rouge mayoral election (page does not exist)">Baton Rouge, <abbr title="Louisiana">LA</abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_San_Diego_mayoral_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980 San Diego mayoral election (page does not exist)">San Diego, <abbr title="California">CA</abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico_mayoral_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 San Juan, Puerto Rico mayoral election">San Juan, <abbr title="Puerto Rico">PR</abbr></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_presidential_elections" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Template:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Template talk:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_presidential_elections" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">United States presidential elections</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections by year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1788%E2%80%9389_United_States_presidential_election" title="1788–89 United States presidential election">1788</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1792_United_States_presidential_election" title="1792 United States presidential election">1792</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">1808</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election" title="1820 United States presidential election">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1844_United_States_presidential_election" title="1844 United States presidential election">1844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_United_States_presidential_election" title="1852 United States presidential election">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_presidential_election" title="1868 United States presidential election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election" title="1872 United States presidential election">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election" title="1876 United States presidential election">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election" title="1880 United States presidential election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="1888 United States presidential election">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election" title="1896 United States presidential election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election" title="1904 United States presidential election">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_United_States_presidential_election" title="1908 United States presidential election">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election" title="1916 United States presidential election">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="1940 United States presidential election">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="1956 United States presidential election">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2028_United_States_presidential_election" title="2028 United States presidential election"><i>2028</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_by_participation_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="List of states by participation in United States presidential elections">Elections by state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alabama" title="United States presidential elections in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alaska" title="United States presidential elections in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arizona" title="United States presidential elections in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arkansas" title="United States presidential elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_California" title="United States presidential elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Colorado" title="United States presidential elections in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Connecticut" title="United States presidential elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Delaware" title="United States presidential elections in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States presidential elections in the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Florida" title="United States presidential elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Georgia" title="United States presidential elections in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Hawaii" title="United States presidential elections in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Idaho" title="United States presidential elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Illinois" title="United States presidential elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Indiana" title="United States presidential elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Iowa" title="United States presidential elections in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kansas" title="United States presidential elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kentucky" title="United States presidential elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Louisiana" title="United States presidential elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maine" title="United States presidential elections in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maryland" title="United States presidential elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="United States presidential elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Michigan" title="United States presidential elections in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Minnesota" title="United States presidential elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Mississippi" title="United States presidential elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Missouri" title="United States presidential elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Montana" title="United States presidential elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nebraska" title="United States presidential elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nevada" title="United States presidential elections in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Hampshire" title="United States presidential elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Jersey" title="United States presidential elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Mexico" title="United States presidential elections in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_York" title="United States presidential elections in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Ohio" title="United States presidential elections in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oklahoma" title="United States presidential elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oregon" title="United States presidential elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Pennsylvania" title="United States presidential elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Rhode_Island" title="United States presidential elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Tennessee" title="United States presidential elections in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Texas" title="United States presidential elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Utah" title="United States presidential elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Vermont" title="United States presidential elections in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Washington_(state)" title="United States presidential elections in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_West_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wisconsin" title="United States presidential elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wyoming" title="United States presidential elections in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_primary" title="United States presidential primary">Primaries and caucuses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_caucuses" title="Iowa caucuses">Iowa caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_presidential_primary" title="New Hampshire presidential primary">New Hampshire presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_presidential_caucuses" title="Nevada presidential caucuses">Nevada presidential caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_presidential_primary" title="South Carolina presidential primary">South Carolina presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday">Super Tuesday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_nominating_convention" title="United States presidential nominating convention">Nominating conventions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_nominating_conventions_in_the_United_States" title="List of presidential nominating conventions in the United States">List of nominating conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brokered_convention" title="Brokered convention">Brokered convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_bounce" title="Convention bounce">Convention bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superdelegate" title="Superdelegate">Superdelegate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a><br />and popular vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Results <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_summary" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election summary">summary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote" title="List of United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote">elections in which the winner lost the popular vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_Electoral_College_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin">Electoral College margins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_election_results_by_state" title="List of United States presidential election results by state">Electoral College results by state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_vote_changes_between_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Electoral vote changes between United States presidential elections">electoral vote changes between elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_received_an_electoral_vote_in_the_United_States_Electoral_College" title="List of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College">electoral vote recipients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of votes received">popular votes received</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_popular_vote_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin">popular-vote margins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Count_Act" title="Electoral Count Act">Electoral Count Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_ascertainment" title="Certificate of ascertainment">Certificate of ascertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Certificate of vote">Certificate of vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contingent_election" title="Contingent election">Contingent election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faithless_elector" title="Faithless elector">Faithless elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Voter turnout in United States presidential elections">Voter turnout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_campaign_slogans" title="List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans">Campaign slogans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polling_for_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Polling for United States presidential elections">Historical election polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Day_(United_States)" title="Election Day (United States)">Election Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_major_party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States major party presidential tickets">Major party tickets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States">Major party losers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_debates" title="United States presidential debates">Presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_surprise" title="October surprise">October surprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_state" title="Swing state">Swing state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipping-point_state" title="Tipping-point state">Tipping-point state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_recount" title="Election recount">Election recount</a> (<a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election_recount_in_Florida" title="2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida">2000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_straw_polls_in_Guam" title="United States presidential straw polls in Guam">Guam straw poll</a></li> <li>Vice presidential confirmations: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1973_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1973 United States vice presidential confirmation">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1974 United States vice presidential confirmation">1974</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="Template:United States House of Representatives elections">House elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Senate_elections" title="Template:United States Senate elections">Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="Template:United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Notable_third-party_performances_in_United_States_elections" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Notable_third-party_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="Template:Notable third-party performances in United States elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Notable_third-party_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="Template talk:Notable third-party performances in United States elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Notable_third-party_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Notable third-party performances in United States elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Notable_third-party_performances_in_United_States_elections" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">Notable third-party performances in United States elections</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>* Third party is endorsed by a major party</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States presidential elections">Presidential</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1788%E2%80%9389_United_States_presidential_election" title="1788–89 United States presidential election">1788–89</a></b>*</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1792_United_States_presidential_election" title="1792 United States presidential election">1792</a></b>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election" title="1872 United States presidential election">1872</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election" title="1896 United States presidential election">1896</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senatorial (since 1940)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_California" title="1940 United States Senate election in California">California 1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1940 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota 1940</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1940 United States Senate election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin 1940</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Minnesota" title="1942 United States Senate special election in Minnesota">Minnesota 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1942 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nebraska" title="1942 United States Senate election in Nebraska">Nebraska 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1942 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1944 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota 1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_Senate_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1944 United States Senate election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin 1944</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1946_United_States_Senate_elections_in_California" title="1946 United States Senate elections in California">California 1946 (Republican write-in)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1946 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1946 United States Senate special election in North Dakota">North Dakota 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_United_States_Senate_election_in_Tennessee" title="1946 United States Senate election in Tennessee">Tennessee 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="1948 United States Senate election in Arkansas">Arkansas 1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama" title="1950 United States Senate election in Alabama">Alabama 1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Hampshire" class="mw-redirect" title="1950 United States Senate election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire 1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_Senate_election_in_California" title="1952 United States Senate election in California">California 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="1952 United States Senate election in Maine">Maine 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1952 United States Senate election in New York">New York 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1952 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1952 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1952</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1954_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1954 United States Senate election in South Carolina">South Carolina 1954 (Democratic write-in)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1954 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="1958 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah 1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1958 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1960 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1964 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_States_Senate_election_in_Mississippi" title="1966 United States Senate election in Mississippi">Mississippi 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Virginia" title="1966 United States Senate special election in Virginia">Virginia 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1966 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama" title="1968 United States Senate election in Alabama">Alabama 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="1968 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="1968 United States Senate election in Maryland">Maryland 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1968 United States Senate election in New York">New York 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Senate_election_in_Connecticut" title="1970 United States Senate election in Connecticut">Connecticut 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Senate_election_in_Mississippi" title="1970 United States Senate election in Mississippi">Mississippi 1970</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1970 United States Senate election in New York">New York 1970</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1970 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1970</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="1972 United States Senate election in Louisiana">Louisiana 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="1974 United States Senate election in Florida">Florida 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_election_in_Hawaii" title="1974 United States Senate election in Hawaii">Hawaii 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nevada" title="1974 United States Senate election in Nevada">Nevada 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1974 United States Senate election in New York">New York 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="1974 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1976 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 1976</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1976 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1976</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama" title="1978 United States Senate election in Alabama">Alabama 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arkansas" title="1978 United States Senate election in Arkansas">Arkansas 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="1978 United States Senate election in Maine">Maine 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_Senate_election_in_Mississippi" title="1978 United States Senate election in Mississippi">Mississippi 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1980 United States Senate election in New York">New York 1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_States_Senate_election_in_Washington" title="1982 United States Senate election in Washington">Washington 1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_election_in_Tennessee" title="1984 United States Senate election in Tennessee">Tennessee 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1990 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="1992 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arizona" title="1992 United States Senate election in Arizona">Arizona 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_Senate_election_in_Hawaii" title="1992 United States Senate election in Hawaii">Hawaii 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="1992 United States Senate election in Louisiana">Louisiana 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_Senate_election_in_Ohio" title="1992 United States Senate election in Ohio">Ohio 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arizona" title="1994 United States Senate election in Arizona">Arizona 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1994 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Ohio" title="1994 United States Senate election in Ohio">Ohio 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="1994 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1994 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="1996 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska 1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1996 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arizona" title="2000 United States Senate election in Arizona">Arizona 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2000 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="2000 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="2002 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kansas" title="2002 United States Senate election in Kansas">Kansas 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2002 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Mississippi" title="2002 United States Senate election in Mississippi">Mississippi 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oklahoma" title="2002 United States Senate election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="2002 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oklahoma" title="2004 United States Senate election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma 2004</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Connecticut" title="2006 United States Senate election in Connecticut">Connecticut 2006</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2006 United States Senate election in Indiana">Indiana 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="2006 United States Senate election in Maine">Maine 2006</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="2006 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont 2006</a></b>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arkansas" title="2008 United States Senate election in Arkansas">Arkansas 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Idaho" title="2008 United States Senate election in Idaho">Idaho 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="2008 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oregon" title="2008 United States Senate election in Oregon">Oregon 2008</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="2010 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska 2010 (Republican write-in)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="2010 United States Senate election in Florida">Florida 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2010 United States Senate election in Indiana">Indiana 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Carolina" title="2010 United States Senate election in South Carolina">South Carolina 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="2010 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2012 United States Senate election in Indiana">Indiana 2012</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="2012 United States Senate election in Maine">Maine 2012</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2012 United States Senate election in Maryland">Maryland 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Missouri" title="2012 United States Senate election in Missouri">Missouri 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Montana" title="2012 United States Senate election in Montana">Montana 2012</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="2012 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont 2012</a></b>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kansas" title="2014 United States Senate election in Kansas">Kansas 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Dakota" title="2014 United States Senate election in South Dakota">South Dakota 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_Wyoming" title="2014 United States Senate election in Wyoming">Wyoming 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="2016 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arizona" title="2016 United States Senate election in Arizona">Arizona 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Idaho" title="2016 United States Senate election in Idaho">Idaho 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2016 United States Senate election in Indiana">Indiana 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kansas" title="2016 United States Senate election in Kansas">Kansas 2016</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="2018 United States Senate election in Maine">Maine 2018</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Mexico" title="2018 United States Senate election in New Mexico">New Mexico 2018</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="2018 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont 2018</a></b>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="2020 United States Senate election in Alaska">Alaska 2020</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arkansas" title="2020 United States Senate election in Arkansas">Arkansas 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="2020 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nebraska" title="2020 United States Senate election in Nebraska">Nebraska 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Idaho" title="2022 United States Senate election in Idaho">Idaho 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2022 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="2022 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah 2022</a>*</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="2024 United States Senate election in Maine">Maine 2024</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nebraska" title="2024 United States Senate election in Nebraska">Nebraska 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="2024 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah 2024</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="2024 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont 2024</a></b>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_performances_in_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of third-party performances in United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a> (since 1940)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota 1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">Wisconsin 1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1942 Connecticut gubernatorial election">Connecticut 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1942 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_New_York_state_election" title="1942 New York state election">New York 1942</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1942_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1942 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">Wisconsin 1942</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_North_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="1944 North Dakota gubernatorial election">North Dakota 1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1944 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">Wisconsin 1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1946 California gubernatorial election">California 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Tennessee_gubernatorial_election" title="1950 Tennessee gubernatorial election">Tennessee 1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1952 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1952 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Tennessee_gubernatorial_election" title="1954 Tennessee gubernatorial election">Tennessee 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Nebraska_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Nebraska gubernatorial election">Nebraska 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Texas gubernatorial election">Texas 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Utah_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Utah gubernatorial election">Utah 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Oklahoma_gubernatorial_election" title="1958 Oklahoma gubernatorial election">Oklahoma 1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Tennessee_gubernatorial_election" title="1958 Tennessee gubernatorial election">Tennessee 1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_North_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="1960 North Dakota gubernatorial election">North Dakota 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Tennessee_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 Tennessee gubernatorial election">Tennessee 1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1965 Virginia gubernatorial election">Virginia 1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Alabama gubernatorial election">Alabama 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Georgia_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Georgia gubernatorial election">Georgia 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Idaho_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Idaho gubernatorial election">Idaho 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Maryland gubernatorial election">Maryland 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_New_York_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 New York gubernatorial election">New York 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Tennessee_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Tennessee gubernatorial election">Tennessee 1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 Alabama gubernatorial election">Alabama 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 Arkansas gubernatorial election">Arkansas 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">New Hampshire 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_New_York_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 New York gubernatorial election">New York 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Mississippi_gubernatorial_election" title="1971 Mississippi gubernatorial election">Mississippi 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="1972 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">New Hampshire 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1972 Texas gubernatorial election">Texas 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Washington_gubernatorial_election" title="1972 Washington gubernatorial election">Washington 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1973 Virginia gubernatorial election">Virginia 1973</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1974_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1974 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 1974</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Nebraska_gubernatorial_election" title="1974 Nebraska gubernatorial election">Nebraska 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Nevada_gubernatorial_election" title="1974 Nevada gubernatorial election">Nevada 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1974 Texas gubernatorial election">Texas 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1974 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1976 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 California gubernatorial election">California 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Arizona_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Arizona gubernatorial election">Arizona 1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Hawaii gubernatorial election">Hawaii 1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Arizona_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Arizona gubernatorial election">Arizona 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Illinois gubernatorial election">Illinois 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Oklahoma_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Oklahoma gubernatorial election">Oklahoma 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Utah_gubernatorial_election" title="1988 Utah gubernatorial election">Utah 1988</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1990_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 1990</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1990_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Connecticut gubernatorial election">Connecticut 1990</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Kansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Kansas gubernatorial election">Kansas 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_New_York_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 New York gubernatorial election">New York 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Oklahoma_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Oklahoma gubernatorial election">Oklahoma 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Oregon_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Oregon gubernatorial election">Oregon 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Utah_gubernatorial_election" title="1992 Utah gubernatorial election">Utah 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1992 West Virginia gubernatorial election">West Virginia 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Connecticut gubernatorial election">Connecticut 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Hawaii gubernatorial election">Hawaii 1994</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1994_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 1994</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_New_Mexico_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 New Mexico gubernatorial election">New Mexico 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Oklahoma_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Oklahoma gubernatorial election">Oklahoma 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">Pennsylvania 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 1998</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1998_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 1998</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1998_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota 1998</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_New_York_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 New York gubernatorial election">New York 1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">Pennsylvania 1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island 1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Kentucky_gubernatorial_election" title="1999 Kentucky gubernatorial election">Kentucky 1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="2000 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">New Hampshire 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="2000 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Arizona_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 Arizona gubernatorial election">Arizona 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_California_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 California gubernatorial election">California 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_New_Mexico_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 New Mexico gubernatorial election">New Mexico 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_New_York_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 New York gubernatorial election">New York 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Oklahoma_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 Oklahoma gubernatorial election">Oklahoma 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">Wisconsin 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Illinois gubernatorial election">Illinois 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">Massachusetts 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Texas gubernatorial election">Texas 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2007 Louisiana gubernatorial election">Louisiana 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="2008 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="2009 New Jersey gubernatorial election">New Jersey 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Colorado gubernatorial election">Colorado 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Idaho_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Idaho gubernatorial election">Idaho 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">Massachusetts 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota 2010</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island 2010</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Wyoming_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Wyoming gubernatorial election">Wyoming 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Kentucky_gubernatorial_election" title="2011 Kentucky gubernatorial election">Kentucky 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="2013 Virginia gubernatorial election">Virginia 2013</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2014_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 2014</a></b>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Hawaii gubernatorial election">Hawaii 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Wyoming_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Wyoming gubernatorial election">Wyoming 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="2018 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Kansas_gubernatorial_election" title="2018 Kansas gubernatorial election">Kansas 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2020 Indiana gubernatorial election">Indiana 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="2020 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont 2020</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2022 Alaska gubernatorial election">Alaska 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Idaho_gubernatorial_election" title="2022 Idaho gubernatorial election">Idaho 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Oregon_gubernatorial_election" title="2022 Oregon gubernatorial election">Oregon 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_North_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="2024 North Dakota gubernatorial election">North Dakota 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Utah_gubernatorial_election" title="2024 Utah gubernatorial election">Utah 2024 (Republican write-in)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territorial Governors (since 1970)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1970 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="1972 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="1974 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">District of Columbia 1974</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1974 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 1974</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1978 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 1978</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="1980 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico 1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1986 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="1988 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico 1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1990 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 1990</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1994 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 1994</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1998 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="2000 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Northern_Mariana_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Northern Mariana Islands gubernatorial election">Northern Mariana Islands 2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2002 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 2002</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2005_Northern_Mariana_Islands_general_election" title="2005 Northern Mariana Islands general election">Northern Mariana Islands 2005</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 2006</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2009_Northern_Mariana_Islands_general_election" title="2009 Northern Mariana Islands general election">Northern Mariana Islands 2009</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2010 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">District of Columbia 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2014 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">District of Columbia 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Northern_Mariana_Islands_general_election" title="2014 Northern Mariana Islands general election">Northern Mariana Islands 2014</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 2014</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="2016 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2018 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">District of Columbia 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Guamanian_gubernatorial_election" title="2018 Guamanian gubernatorial election">Guam 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Northern_Mariana_Islands_general_election" title="2018 Northern Mariana Islands general election">Northern Mariana Islands 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" title="2018 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="2020 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2022 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">District of Columbia 2022</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Mariana_Islands_general_election" title="2022 Northern Mariana Islands general election">Northern Mariana Islands 2022</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Virgin_Islands_gubernatorial_election" title="2022 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election">U.S. Virgin Islands 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="2024 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico 2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_performances_in_United_States_state_legislative_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of third-party performances in United States state legislative elections">State legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_Alaska_state_legislative_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in Alaska state legislative elections">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_Hawaii_state_legislative_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in Hawaii state legislative elections">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_Louisiana_state_legislative_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in Louisiana state legislative elections">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_Montana_state_legislative_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in Montana state legislative elections">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_West_Virginia_state_legislative_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in West Virginia state legislative elections">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_Wyoming_state_legislative_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in Wyoming state legislative elections">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party (U.S. politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-party_and_independent_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress">Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ronald_Reagan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ronald_Reagan" title="Template:Ronald Reagan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ronald_Reagan" title="Template talk:Ronald Reagan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ronald_Reagan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ronald Reagan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ronald_Reagan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">40th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1981–1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_California" title="List of governors of California">33rd</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">Governor of California</a> (1967–1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and<br />politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birthplace_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Birthplace of Ronald Reagan">Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._C._Pitney_Variety_Store_Building" title="H. C. Pitney Variety Store Building">Pitney Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Boyhood_Home" title="Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home">Boyhood home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_del_Cielo" title="Rancho del Cielo">Rancho del Cielo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_filmography" title="Ronald Reagan filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Political positions of Ronald Reagan">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Governorship of Ronald Reagan">Governorship of California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Presidential_Library" title="Ronald Reagan Presidential Library">Presidential Library and Museum </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan Era">Reagan Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan">Death and state funeral</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/100px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/150px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg/200px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1793" data-file-height="2355" /></span></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="First inauguration of Ronald Reagan">First inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan">Second inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_policy_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Domestic policy of the Ronald Reagan administration">Domestic policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaganomics" title="Reaganomics">Economic policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Recovery_Tax_Act_of_1981" title="Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981">Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Reform_Act_of_1986" title="Tax Reform Act of 1986">Tax Reform Act of 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan">Assassination attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative" title="Strategic Defense Initiative">Strategic Defense Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1979%E2%80%931985)" title="Cold War (1979–1985)">1st term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1985%E2%80%931991)" title="Cold War (1985–1991)">2nd term</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Soviet_Union%E2%80%93United_States_summits" title="List of Soviet Union–United States summits">Soviet Union summits</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Summit_(1985)" title="Geneva Summit (1985)">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk_Summit" title="Reykjavík Summit">Reykjavík</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Summit_(1987)" title="Washington Summit (1987)">Washington</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty" title="Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty">INF Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Summit_(1988)" title="Moscow Summit (1988)">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governors_Island_Summit" title="Governors Island Summit">Governors Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructive_engagement" title="Constructive engagement">Constructive engagement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">Invasion of Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_States_bombing_of_Libya" title="1986 United States bombing of Libya">Libya bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the Ronald Reagan administration">Cannabis policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of international presidential trips made by Ronald Reagan">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Grace_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="The Grace Commission">The Grace Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan#Administration_and_Cabinet" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Ronald Reagan Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Ronald Reagan judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_administration_scandals" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan administration scandals">Administration scandals</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_begin_bombing_in_five_minutes" title="We begin bombing in five minutes">We begin bombing in five minutes</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Ronald_Reagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Efforts to impeach Ronald Reagan">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Ronald_Wilson_Reagan/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Ronald Wilson Reagan/Executive orders">Executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Ronald_Wilson_Reagan/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Ronald Wilson Reagan/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential proclamations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George H. W. Bush">Bush transition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Speeches_and_debates_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Speeches and debates of Ronald Reagan">Speeches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Speaks_Out_Against_Socialized_Medicine" title="Ronald Reagan Speaks Out Against Socialized Medicine">Ronald Reagan Speaks Out Against Socialized Medicine</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Time_for_Choosing" title="A Time for Choosing">"A Time for Choosing"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan%27s_Neshoba_County_Fair_%22states%27_rights%22_speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan's Neshoba County Fair "states' rights" speech">Reagan's Neshoba County Fair "states' rights" speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="First inauguration of Ronald Reagan">First inaugural address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan">Second inaugural address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_heap_of_history" title="Ash heap of history">"Ash heap of history"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_Empire_speech" title="Evil Empire speech">"Evil empire"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tear_down_this_wall!" title="Tear down this wall!">"Tear down this wall!"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1981_Ronald_Reagan_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="February 1981 Ronald Reagan speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1982_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1982 State of the Union Address">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1983 State of the Union Address">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1984 State of the Union Address">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1985 State of the Union Address">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1986 State of the Union Address">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1987 State of the Union Address">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1988 State of the Union Address">1988</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Bibliography of Ronald Reagan">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/An_American_Life" title="An American Life">An American Life</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Reagan_Diaries" title="The Reagan Diaries">The Reagan Diaries</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Electoral history of Ronald Reagan">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1966_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 California gubernatorial election">1966 California gubernatorial election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Eleventh_Commandment_(Ronald_Reagan)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Eleventh Commandment (Ronald Reagan)">11th commandment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 California gubernatorial election">1970 California gubernatorial election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Republican Party presidential primaries">Republican presidential primaries (1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Republican Party presidential primaries">1984)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_National_Convention" title="1968 Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention (1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">1984)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1976_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1976 presidential campaign">1976 presidential campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign">1980 presidential campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/There_you_go_again" title="There you go again">"There you go again"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again" title="Make America Great Again">"Let's make America great again"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1984_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1984 presidential campaign">1984 presidential campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morning_in_America" title="Morning in America">"Morning in America"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_in_the_woods" title="Bear in the woods">"Bear in the woods"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">United States presidential election (1976</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Cultural depictions of Ronald Reagan">Cultural <br /> depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Bibliography of Ronald Reagan">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_in_music" title="Ronald Reagan in music">In music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Let_Them_Eat_Jellybeans!" title="Let Them Eat Jellybeans!">Let Them Eat Jellybeans!</a> (1981)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. Postage stamps</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rap_Master_Ronnie" title="Rap Master Ronnie">Rap Master Ronnie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ed_the_Happy_Clown" title="Ed the Happy Clown">Ed the Happy Clown</a></i> (1983 comic series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image"><i>Spitting Image</i> (TV series)</a> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Mind_Forever_Voyaging" title="A Mind Forever Voyaging">A Mind Forever Voyaging</a></i> (1985 game)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_Returns" title="The Dark Knight Returns">The Dark Knight Returns</a></i> (1986) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman:_The_Dark_Knight_Returns_(film)" title="Batman: The Dark Knight Returns (film)">film adaptation</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pizza_Man_(1991_film)" title="Pizza Man (1991 film)">Pizza Man</a></i> (1991 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Day_Reagan_Was_Shot" title="The Day Reagan Was Shot"><i>The Day Reagan Was Shot</i></a> (2001 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reagan%27s_War" title="Reagan's War">Reagan's War</a></i> (2002 book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Reagans" title="The Reagans"><i>The Reagans</i></a> (2003 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_(2011_film)" title="Reagan (2011 film)"><i>Reagan</i></a> (2011 documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Butler" title="The Butler"><i>The Butler</i></a> (2013 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Killing_Reagan" title="Killing Reagan">Killing Reagan</a></i> (2015 book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_Reagan_(film)" title="Killing Reagan (film)"><i>Killing Reagan</i></a> (2016 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Call_of_Duty:_Black_Ops_Cold_War" title="Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War">Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War</a></i> (2020 game)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Reagans_(2020_miniseries)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Reagans (2020 miniseries)"><i>The Reagans</i></a> (2020 miniseries)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_(2023_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan (2023 film)"><i>Reagan</i></a> (2023 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/What_would_Reagan_do%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="What would Reagan do?">"What would Reagan do?"</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reykjavik_(film)" title="Reykjavik (film)">Reykjavik</a></i> (TBA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ronald_Reagan_(U.S._Capitol)" title="Statue of Ronald Reagan (U.S. Capitol)">U.S. Capitol statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Ronald_Reagan" title="USS Ronald Reagan">USS <i>Ronald Reagan</i> (CVN-76)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of things named after Ronald Reagan">Namesakes and memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Day" title="Ronald Reagan Day">Ronald Reagan Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Dinner" title="Lincoln Dinner">Reagan Day Dinner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Wyman" title="Jane Wyman">Jane Wyman</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> (second wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Reagan" title="Maureen Reagan">Maureen Reagan</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Reagan" title="Michael Reagan">Michael Reagan</a> (adopted son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patti_Davis" title="Patti Davis">Patti Davis</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Reagan" title="Ron Reagan">Ron Reagan</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Reagan" title="Jack Reagan">Jack Reagan</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelle_Wilson_Reagan" title="Nelle Wilson Reagan">Nelle Wilson Reagan</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Reagan" title="Neil Reagan">Neil Reagan</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rex_(Ronald_Reagan%27s_dog)" title="Rex (Ronald Reagan's dog)">Rex</a> (dog)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">← Jimmy Carter</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush →</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Ronald_Reagan" title="Category:Ronald Reagan">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="George_H._W._Bush" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:George_H._W._Bush" title="Template:George H. W. Bush"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:George_H._W._Bush" title="Template talk:George H. W. Bush"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:George_H._W._Bush" title="Special:EditPage/Template:George H. W. Bush"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="George_H._W._Bush" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">41st</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1989–1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">43rd</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1981–1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence" title="Director of Central Intelligence">Director of Central Intelligence</a> (1976–1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the United Nations">UN Ambassador</a> (1971–1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 7th congressional district">TX–7</a> (1967–1971)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George H. W. Bush">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Inauguration of George H. W. Bush">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency_(1989)" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency (1989)">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency_(1990)" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency (1990)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency_(1991)" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency (1991)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency_(1992%E2%80%93January_1993)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency (1992–January 1993)">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency_(1992%E2%80%93January_1993)#January_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency (1992–January 1993)">January 1993</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_United_States#The_George_H._W._Bush_Administration_(1989–1993)" title="Environmental policy of the United States">Environmental policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Soviet_Union%E2%80%93United_States_summits" title="List of Soviet Union–United States summits">Soviet Union summits</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Summit" title="Malta Summit">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Summit_(1990)" title="Helsinki Summit (1990)">Helsinki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama" title="United States invasion of Panama">Invasion of Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Chemical_Weapons_Accord" title="1990 Chemical Weapons Accord">Chemical Weapons Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Conference_of_1991" title="Madrid Conference of 1991">1991 Madrid Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Space_Council" title="National Space Council">National Space Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_world_order_(politics)#The_Gulf_War_and_Bush's_formulation" title="New world order (politics)">New world order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Civil_War" title="Somali Civil War">Somali Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Task_Force" title="Unified Task Force">Unified Task Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement#Negotiation_and_U.S._ratification" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">Negotiations for the North American Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the George H. W. Bush administration">Cannabis policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_vomiting_incident" title="George H. W. Bush vomiting incident">Vomiting incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_broccoli_comments" title="George H. W. Bush broccoli comments">Broccoli comments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_horseshoe_pit" title="White House horseshoe pit">White House horseshoe pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_by_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of people pardoned by George H. W. Bush">Presidential pardons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of international presidential trips made by George H. W. Bush">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%26O_desk" title="C&O desk">Oval Office desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush#Administration" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_George_H._W._Bush" title="List of federal judges appointed by George H. W. Bush">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="George H. W. Bush Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="George H. W. Bush judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:George_Herbert_Walker_Bush/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:George Herbert Walker Bush/Executive orders">Executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:George_Herbert_Walker_Bush/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:George Herbert Walker Bush/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential proclamations</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2100" /></span></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_H.W._Bush_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="George H.W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum">Presidential Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_School_of_Government_and_Public_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Bush School of Government and Public Service">Bush School of Government and Public Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker%27s_Point_Estate" title="Walker's Point Estate">Walker's Point Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Post-presidency of George H. W. Bush">Post-presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Death and state funeral of George H. W. Bush">Death and state funeral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989_George_H._W._Bush_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="1989 George H. W. Bush speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union addresses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1990 State of the Union Address">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1991 State of the Union Address">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1992 State of the Union Address">1992</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_Kiev_speech" title="Chicken Kiev speech">Chicken Kiev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Electoral history of George H. W. Bush">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_Senate_election_in_Texas" title="1964 United States Senate election in Texas">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Senate_election_in_Texas" title="1970 United States Senate election in Texas">1970</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1966 United States House of Representatives elections">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1968 United States House of Representatives elections">1968</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign">1980 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1980 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan">transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_1984_presidential_campaign" title="Ronald Reagan 1984 presidential campaign">1984 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush#1980_presidential_election" title="George H. W. Bush">1980 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1988_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1988 presidential campaign">1988 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1988 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">convention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thousand_points_of_light" title="Thousand points of light">"a thousand points of light"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Read_my_lips:_no_new_taxes" title="Read my lips: no new taxes">"Read my lips: no new taxes"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1988 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1992_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1992 presidential campaign">1992 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1992 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidential transition of Bill Clinton">Clinton transition</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush#Public_image" title="George H. W. Bush">Public image</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of George H. W. Bush">Saturday Night Live parodies</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_X-Presidents" title="The X-Presidents">The X-Presidents</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Reunion" title="Presidential Reunion">Presidential Reunion</a></i> (2010 short film)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Naked_Gun_2%C2%BD:_The_Smell_of_Fear" title="The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear">The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_It_Takes:_The_Way_to_the_White_House" title="What It Takes: The Way to the White House">What It Takes: The Way to the White House</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Silence_of_the_Hams" title="The Silence of the Hams">The Silence of the Hams</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_Bush:_The_Life_of_a_Lone_Star_Yankee" title="George Bush: The Life of a Lone Star Yankee">George Bush: The Life of a Lone Star Yankee</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Family:_The_Real_Story_of_the_Bush_Dynasty" title="The Family: The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty">The Family: The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_H.W._Bush_(film)" title="George H.W. Bush (film)">George H.W. Bush</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bad_for_Democracy" title="Bad for Democracy">Bad for Democracy</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Secrets" title="Family of Secrets">Family of Secrets</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/41:_A_Portrait_of_My_Father" title="41: A Portrait of My Father">41: A Portrait of My Father</a></i> (2014 book)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Destiny_and_Power" title="Destiny and Power">Destiny and Power</a></i> (2015 book)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Bibliography of George H. W. Bush">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_World_Transformed" title="A World Transformed">A World Transformed</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Best_(book)" title="All the Best (book)">All the Best</a></i> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials,_honors,_and_awards_of_George_H._W._Bush" class="mw-redirect" title="List of memorials, honors, and awards of George H. W. Bush">Legacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Bibliography of George H. W. Bush">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H.W._Bush_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="George H.W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum">Presidential Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Medal of Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_School_of_Government_and_Public_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Bush School of Government and Public Service">Bush School of Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Freedom_Award" title="Ronald Reagan Freedom Award">Reagan Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bush_Intercontinental_Airport" title="George Bush Intercontinental Airport">George Bush Intercontinental Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_George_H.W._Bush" title="USS George H.W. Bush">USS <i>George H.W. Bush</i> (CVN-77)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bush_family" title="Bush family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (son</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">presidency</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Robinson_Bush" title="Pauline Robinson Bush">Pauline Robinson Bush</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Bush" title="Jeb Bush">Jeb Bush</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Bush" title="Neil Bush">Neil Bush</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Bush" title="Marvin Bush">Marvin Bush</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Bush_Koch" title="Dorothy Bush Koch">Dorothy Bush Koch</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush_(born_1981)" title="Barbara Bush (born 1981)">Barbara Bush Coyne</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenna_Bush_Hager" title="Jenna Bush Hager">Jenna Bush Hager</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_P._Bush" title="George P. Bush">George P. Bush</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bush" title="Lauren Bush">Lauren Bush</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce_Bush" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierce Bush">Pierce Bush</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prescott_Bush" title="Prescott Bush">Prescott Bush</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Walker_Bush" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothy Walker Bush">Dorothy Walker Bush</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Walker_Bush_Ellis" title="Nancy Walker Bush Ellis">Nancy Walker Bush Ellis</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bush" title="Jonathan Bush">Jonathan Bush</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._T._Bush" title="William H. T. Bush">William H. T. Bush</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_P._Bush" title="Samuel P. Bush">Samuel P. Bush</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Herbert_Walker" title="George Herbert Walker">George Herbert Walker</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Smith_Bush" title="James Smith Bush">James Smith Bush</a> (great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Bush" title="Obadiah Bush">Obadiah Bush</a> (great-great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millie_(dog)" title="Millie (dog)">Millie</a> (family dog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sully_(dog)" title="Sully (dog)">Sully (service dog)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">← Ronald Reagan</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">← Walter Mondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:George_H._W._Bush" title="Category:George H. W. Bush">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jimmy_Carter" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jimmy_Carter" title="Template:Jimmy Carter"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jimmy_Carter" title="Template talk:Jimmy Carter"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jimmy_Carter" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jimmy Carter"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jimmy_Carter" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">39th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1977–1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Georgia" title="List of governors of Georgia">76th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a> (1971–1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_State_Senate" title="Georgia State Senate">Georgia State Senator</a> (1963–1967)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">Presidency</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidential transition of Jimmy Carter">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Inauguration of Jimmy Carter">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1977)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1977)">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1978)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1978)">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1979)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1979)">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1980%E2%80%931981)" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1980–1981)">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency_(1980%E2%80%931981)#January_1981" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency (1980–1981)">January 1981</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Political positions of Jimmy Carter">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Jimmy_Carter" title="List of federal judges appointed by Jimmy Carter">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Jimmy Carter judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_actions_by_Jimmy_Carter" title="List of executive actions by Jimmy Carter">Executive Actions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12036" title="Executive Order 12036">Executive Order 12036</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12086" title="Executive Order 12086">Executive Order 12086</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12148" title="Executive Order 12148">Executive Order 12148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12170" title="Executive Order 12170">Executive Order 12170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12172" title="Executive Order 12172">Executive Order 12172</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_bonds" title="Carter bonds">Carter bonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_rabbit_incident" title="Jimmy Carter rabbit incident">Rabbit incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Doctrine" title="Carter Doctrine">Carter Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty" title="Egypt–Israel peace treaty">Egypt–Israel peace treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrijos%E2%80%93Carter_Treaties" title="Torrijos–Carter Treaties">Torrijos–Carter Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">Operation Eagle Claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Caper" title="Canadian Caper">Canadian Caper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter%27s_engagement_with_Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Jimmy Carter's engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini">Engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_oil_crisis" title="1979 oil crisis">1979 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="United States support for Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War">Support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9_on_the_Establishment_of_Diplomatic_Relations" title="Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations">Diplomatic relations with China</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Goldwater_v._Carter" title="Goldwater v. Carter">Goldwater v. Carter</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_Reform_Act_of_1978" title="Civil Service Reform Act of 1978">Civil Service Reform Act of 1978</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Executive_Service_(United_States)" title="Senior Executive Service (United States)">Senior Executive Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks" title="Strategic Arms Limitation Talks">Strategic Arms Limitation Talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Jimmy_Carter" title="List of international presidential trips made by Jimmy Carter">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1980 Summer Olympics boycott">1980 Summer Olympics boycott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the Jimmy Carter administration">Cannabis policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Reinvestment_Act" title="Community Reinvestment Act">Community Reinvestment Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airline_Deregulation_Act" title="Airline Deregulation Act">Airline Deregulation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_Air_Act_(United_States)" title="Clean Air Act (United States)">Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_Water_Act" title="Clean Water Act">Clean Water Act of 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depository_Institutions_Deregulation_and_Monetary_Control_Act" title="Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act">Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Reform_Act_of_1977" title="Federal Reserve Reform Act of 1977">Federal Reserve Reform Act of 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Fund_Transfer_Act" title="Electronic Fund Transfer Act">Electronic Fund Transfer Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Debt_Collection_Practices_Act" title="Fair Debt Collection Practices Act">Fair Debt Collection Practices Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Institutions_Regulatory_and_Interest_Rate_Control_Act_of_1978" title="Financial Institutions Regulatory and Interest Rate Control Act of 1978">Financial Institutions Regulatory and Interest Rate Control Act of 1978</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_Financial_Privacy_Act" title="Right to Financial Privacy Act">Right to Financial Privacy Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey%E2%80%93Hawkins_Full_Employment_Act" title="Humphrey–Hawkins Full Employment Act">Humphrey–Hawkins Full Employment Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superfund" title="Superfund">Superfund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Mining_Control_and_Reclamation_Act_of_1977" title="Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977">Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_at_the_White_House" title="Solar power at the White House">Solar power at the White House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Mile_Island_accident" title="Three Mile Island accident">Three Mile Island accident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan">Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carter_cropped.jpg/100px-Carter_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carter_cropped.jpg/150px-Carter_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carter_cropped.jpg/200px-Carter_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1155" data-file-height="1490" /></span></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Equivalent_of_War_speech" title="Moral Equivalent of War speech">Moral Equivalent of War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_of_Stability_(speech)" title="Island of Stability (speech)">Island of Stability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Crisis_of_Confidence_speech" class="mw-redirect" title="A Crisis of Confidence speech">A Crisis of Confidence</a></li> <li>State of the Union Addresses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1978_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1978 State of the Union Address">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1979 State of the Union Address">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1980 State of the Union Address">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1981 State of the Union Address">1981</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Electoral history of Jimmy Carter">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Georgia gubernatorial elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1966_Georgia_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Georgia gubernatorial election">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Georgia_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 Georgia gubernatorial election">1970</a></li></ul></li> <li>Democratic Party presidential primaries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Democratic Party presidential primaries">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">1980</a></li></ul></li> <li>Democratic National Conventions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1972 Democratic National Convention">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1976 Democratic National Convention">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">1980</a></li></ul></li> <li>Presidential elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1976_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1976 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter">Post-presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Center" title="Carter Center">Carter Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_Library_and_Museum" title="Jimmy Carter Library and Museum">Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitat_for_Humanity" title="Habitat for Humanity">Habitat for Humanity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_%26_Rosalynn_Carter_Work_Project" title="Jimmy & Rosalynn Carter Work Project">Jimmy & Rosalynn Carter Work Project</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Elders_(organization)" title="The Elders (organization)">The Elders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_National_Historical_Park" title="Jimmy Carter National Historical Park">Jimmy Carter National Historical Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_and_Rosalynn_Carter_House" title="Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter House">Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nairobi_Agreement,_1999" title="Nairobi Agreement, 1999">Nairobi Agreement, 1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_Appeal" title="One America Appeal">One America Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_of_Government_Commission" title="Continuity of Government Commission">Continuity of Government Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Bibliography of Jimmy Carter">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Everything_to_Gain:_Making_the_Most_of_the_Rest_of_Your_Life" title="Everything to Gain: Making the Most of the Rest of Your Life">Everything to Gain</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hornet%27s_Nest_(novel)" title="The Hornet's Nest (novel)">The Hornet's Nest</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Endangered_Values" title="Our Endangered Values">Our Endangered Values</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palestine:_Peace_Not_Apartheid" title="Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid">Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid</a></i> (2006) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commentary_on_Palestine:_Peace_Not_Apartheid" title="Commentary on Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid">reaction and commentary</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beyond_the_White_House" title="Beyond the White House">Beyond the White House</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/We_Can_Have_Peace_in_the_Holy_Land" title="We Can Have Peace in the Holy Land">We Can Have Peace in the Holy Land</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_House_Diary" title="White House Diary">White House Diary</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Call_to_Action:_Women,_Religion,_Violence,_and_Power" title="A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence, and Power">A Call to Action</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Full_Life" title="A Full Life">A Full Life</a></i> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Jimmy_Carter" title="List of awards and honors received by Jimmy Carter">Awards<br />and honors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_City" title="Freedom of the City">Freedom of the City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Buffalo_Award" title="Silver Buffalo Award">Silver Buffalo Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Liberty Medal">Philadelphia Liberty Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Prize_in_the_Field_of_Human_Rights" title="United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights">United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Medal" title="Hoover Medal">Hoover Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Award" title="Christopher Award">Christopher Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter%E2%80%93Menil_Human_Rights_Prize" title="Carter–Menil Human Rights Prize">Carter–Menil Human Rights Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album">Grammy Award</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_Peanut_Statue" title="Jimmy Carter Peanut Statue">Jimmy Carter Peanut Statue</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Jimmy_Carter" title="USS Jimmy Carter">USS <i>Jimmy Carter</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_National_Historical_Park" title="Jimmy Carter National Historical Park">Jimmy Carter National Historical Park</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Statue of Jimmy Carter">Georgia State Capitol statue</a> (1994)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Residences <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_G._Carter_Nursing_Center" title="Lillian G. Carter Nursing Center">Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_and_Rosalynn_Carter_House" title="Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter House">Home</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Prince_(nanny)" title="Mary Prince (nanny)">Mary Prince</a> (nanny)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_UFO_incident" title="Jimmy Carter UFO incident">UFO incident</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_(film)" title="Jimmy Carter (film)">Jimmy Carter</a></i> (2002 television documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Man_from_Plains" title="Man from Plains">Man from Plains</a></i> (2007 documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Carter_(politician)" title="Jack Carter (politician)">Jack Carter</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Carter" title="Amy Carter">Amy Carter</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Carter_(politician)" title="Jason Carter (politician)">Jason Carter</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Carter_Sr." title="James Earl Carter Sr.">James Earl Carter Sr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gordy_Carter" title="Lillian Gordy Carter">Lillian Gordy Carter</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Carter_Spann" title="Gloria Carter Spann">Gloria Carter Spann</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Carter_Stapleton" title="Ruth Carter Stapleton">Ruth Carter Stapleton</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Carter" title="Billy Carter">Billy Carter</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Dolvin" title="Emily Dolvin">Emily Dolvin</a> (aunt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Carter" title="Hugh Carter">Hugh Carter</a> (cousin)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">← Gerald Ford</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Jimmy_Carter" title="Category:Jimmy Carter">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Walter_Mondale" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Walter_Mondale" title="Template:Walter Mondale"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Walter_Mondale" title="Template talk:Walter Mondale"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Walter_Mondale" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Walter Mondale"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Walter_Mondale" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">42nd</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1977–1981) • <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator from Minnesota</a> (1964–1976) • <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Minnesota" title="Attorney General of Minnesota">Attorney General of Minnesota</a> (1960–1964)</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Walter_Mondale" title="Electoral history of Walter Mondale">Electoral history</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1966 United States Senate election in Minnesota">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1972 United States Senate election in Minnesota">1972</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1976_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1976 presidential campaign">1976 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1976 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1976 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_debates#October_15:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Alley_Theatre)" title="1976 United States presidential debates">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidential transition of Jimmy Carter">transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign">1980 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan">Reagan transition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale_1984_presidential_campaign" title="Walter Mondale 1984 presidential campaign">1984 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1984 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1984 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1984 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family and<br />personal life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Mondale" title="Joan Mondale">Joan Mondale</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Mondale" title="Ted Mondale">Ted Mondale</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Mondale" title="Eleanor Mondale">Eleanor Mondale</a> (daughter)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">← Nelson Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Walter_Mondale" title="Category:Walter Mondale">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ted_Kennedy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ted_Kennedy" title="Template:Ted Kennedy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ted_Kennedy" title="Template talk:Ted Kennedy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ted_Kennedy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ted Kennedy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ted_Kennedy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">United States Senator from Massachusetts, 1962–2009</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Ted_Kennedy" title="Electoral history of Ted Kennedy">Electoral<br />history</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li>U.S. Senate elections in Massachusetts: <a href="/wiki/1962_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1962 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts">1962 (special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1964 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1970 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1976 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1982 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1988 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1994 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2000 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2006 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">2006</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1980 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Democratic primaries</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign">Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign</a></li> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Ted_Kennedy%2C_official_photo_portrait_crop.jpg/100px-Ted_Kennedy%2C_official_photo_portrait_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Ted_Kennedy%2C_official_photo_portrait_crop.jpg/150px-Ted_Kennedy%2C_official_photo_portrait_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Ted_Kennedy%2C_official_photo_portrait_crop.jpg/200px-Ted_Kennedy%2C_official_photo_portrait_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1158" data-file-height="1500" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/My_Senator_and_Me" title="My Senator and Me"><i>My Senator and Me: A Dog's-Eye View of Washington, D.C.</i></a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Compass" title="True Compass"><i>True Compass</i></a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Dream_Shall_Never_Die" title="The Dream Shall Never Die">The Dream Shall Never Die</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Family</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family#Family_tree" title="Kennedy family">family tree</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Bennett_Kennedy" title="Joan Bennett Kennedy">Joan Bennett Kennedy</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Reggie_Kennedy" title="Victoria Reggie Kennedy">Victoria Reggie Kennedy</a> (second wife, widow)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_Kennedy" title="Kara Kennedy">Kara Kennedy</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Jr." title="Edward M. Kennedy Jr.">Edward M. Kennedy Jr.</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Kennedy" title="Patrick J. Kennedy">Patrick J. Kennedy II</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Sr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Kennedy" title="Rose Kennedy">Rose Kennedy</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Jr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (brother</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidency of John F. Kennedy">presidency</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Kennedy" title="Rosemary Kennedy">Rosemary Kennedy</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Cavendish,_Marchioness_of_Hartington" title="Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington">Kathleen Kennedy</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Kennedy_Lawford" title="Patricia Kennedy Lawford">Patricia Kennedy Lawford</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Kennedy_Smith" title="Jean Kennedy Smith">Jean Kennedy Smith</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._J._Kennedy" title="P. J. Kennedy">Patrick J. Kennedy I</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Fitzgerald" title="John F. Fitzgerald">John F. Fitzgerald</a> (grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Ted_Kennedy" title="List of awards and honors received by Ted Kennedy">Awards and honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Ted_Kennedy" title="Political positions of Ted Kennedy">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Compound" title="Kennedy Compound">Kennedy Compound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Serve_America_Act" title="Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act">Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chappaquiddick_incident" title="Chappaquiddick incident">Chappaquiddick incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jo_Kopechne" title="Mary Jo Kopechne">Mary Jo Kopechne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Ireland_(U.S._Congress)" title="Friends of Ireland (U.S. Congress)">Friends of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chappaquiddick_(film)" title="Chappaquiddick (film)"><i>Chappaquiddick</i> (2018 film)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Ted_Kennedy" title="Category:Ted Kennedy">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q699716#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q699716#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q699716#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2008109962">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11949919r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11949919r">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007530845505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10643536">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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